INDIRA GANDHI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
SAGAR (M.Ρ.)
Session 2024-2025
Report On
Internship
“JAVA”
Submitted to the Rajiv Gandhi
Proudygiki Vishwavidyalaya
Bhopal (M.P.)
In Partial Fulfilment of Degree of
Bachelor of Information Technology Engineering
Under the Guidance of Submitted to
Miss.Shalupriya Jain Prof. R.S.S. Rawat
H.O.D.
(Dept. of Information Technology Engineering) (Dept. of Information Technology Engineering)
I.G.E.C. Sagar (M.P.) I.G.E.C. Sagar (M.P.)
Submitted By:
Abhishek Sharma (0601IT221002)
5th SEMESTER
(Dept. of Information Technology Engineering
Indira Gandhi Engineering College Sagar (M.P.)
Certificate
Table of content
Introduction
Why Java?
Java Virtual Machine
HelloWorld (standalone)
Comments are almost like C++
Primitive data types are like C
Expressions are like C
Control statements are like C
Control statements II
Table of content
Java isn't C!
Java program layout
What is a class?
So, what is a class?
The class hierarchy
An example of a class
Another example of a class
An array is an object
Introduction to Java
Introduction
Present the syntax of Java
Introduce the Java API
Demonstrate how to build
stand-alone Java programs
Java applets, which run within browsers e.g. Netscape
Example programs
Why Java?
It’s the current “hot” language
It’s almost entirely object-oriented
It has a vast library of predefined objects and
operations
It’s more platform independent
this makes it great for Web programming
It’s more secure
It isn’t C++
Java Virtual Machine
The .class files generated by the compiler are not executable binaries
so Java combines compilation and interpretation
Instead, they contain “byte-codes” to be executed by the Java Virtual Machine
other languages have done this, e.g. UCSD Pascal
This approach provides platform independence, and greater security
HelloWorld (standalone)
public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Hello World!");
}
}
Note that String is built in
println is a member function for the System.out class
Comments are almost like
C++
/* This kind of comment can
span multiple lines */
// This kind is to the end of
the line
/**
* This kind of comment is a
special
* ‘javadoc’ style comment
*/
Primitive data types are like
C
Main
data types are int,
double, boolean, char
Also
have byte, short,
long, float
booleanhas values true
and false
Declarations look like C, for
example,
double x, y;
int count = 0;
Expressions are like C
Assignment statements mostly look like
those in C; you can use =, +=, *= etc.
Arithmetic uses the familiar + - * / %
Java also has ++ and --
Java has boolean operators && || !
Java has comparisons < <= == != >= >
Java does not have pointers or pointer
arithmetic
Control statements are like C
if (x < y) smaller =
x;
if (x < y){
smaller=x;sum += x;}
else { smaller = y;
sum += y; }
while (x < y) { y = y
- x; }
do { y = y - x; }
while (x < y)
for (int i = 0; i <
max; i++)
sum += i;
BUT: conditions must be boolean !
Control statements II
switch (n + 1) {
case 0: m = n - 1; break;
case 1: m = n + 1;
case 3: m = m * n; break;
default: m = -n; break;
}
Java also introduces the try statement, about which more later
Java isn't C!
In C, almost everything is in functions
In Java, almost everything is in classes
There is often only one class per file
There must be only one public class per file
The file name must be the same as the name of that public class, but with a .java ex
Java program layout
A typical Java file looks like:
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.*;
public class SomethingOrOther {
// object definitions go here
. . .
}
This must be in a file named SomethingOrOther.java !
What is a class?
Earlylanguages had only
arrays
all
elements had to be of the
same type
Then languages introduced
structures (called records,
or structs)
allowed different data types
to be grouped
ThenAbstract Data Types
(ADTs) became popular
grouped operations along with
the data
So, what is a class?
A class consists of
a collection of fields, or variables, very much like the
named fields of a struct
all the operations (called methods) that can be performed
on those fields
can be instantiated
A class describes objects and operations defined on
those objects
The class hierarchy
Classes are arranged in a hierarchy
The root, or topmost, class is Object
Every class but Object has at least one superclass
A class may have subclasses
Each class inherits all the fields and methods of its (possibly numerous) superclasses
An example of a class
class Person {
String name;
int age;
void birthday ( ) {
age++;
System.out.println (name + '
now ' + age);
}
}
Another example of a class
class Driver extends Person {
long driversLicenseNumber;
Date expirationDate;
}
An array is an object
Person mary = new Person ( );
int myArray[ ] = new int[5];
or:
int myArray[ ] = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25};
String languages [ ] = {"Prolog", "Java"};
Thankyou
