01.

Decline of Mughal Empire and

Advent of European Company
1. Consider the following Mughal Emperors and Ans. (c) : Bahadur Shah of Gujarat surrendered Diu to
arrange them in chronological order : Portuguese in 1534. Bahadur Shah during his conflict
I. Furrukhsiyar with the Mughal emperor Humayun, secured help from
II. Jahandar Shah the Portuguese, and he signed the treaty of Bassein with
III. Bahadur Shah the Portuguese by this, he ceded Diu to the Portuguese.
IV. Muhammad Shah 6. With reference to the French East India
Code − Company, which of the following statement (s)
(a) III, II, I, IV (b) I, IV, II, III is/are correct?
(c) IV, II, I, III (d) I, III, IV, II 1. French East India company was founded in
UPPCS RO/ARO (Pre) 2023 (Cancelled) 1664
Ans. (a) : The correct chronological order of late 2. The first French Factory in India company was
Mughal emperors are- Bahadur Shah, Jahandar Shah, founded in Pondicherry
Farrukhsiyar and Muhammad Shah. Select the correct answer using the code given
2. The Dutch East India Company established its below
factory at Patna in which year? (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
(a) 1635 (b) 1632 (c) Both 1 & 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
(c) 1643 (d) 1648 UPPSC (J) 2023
69th BPSC (Pre) 2023 Ans. (a) : French East India company was a joint stock
Ans. (b) : The Dutch east India Company established company founded in 1664. The first french factory in
it's factory in Patna in 1632. India was estabslihed at Surat by Francis Caron.
3. During the tenure of which Governor-General, 7. Which of the following is/are true about Vasco
the East India Company was granted diwani of Da Gama?
Bengal, Bihar and Orissa by Shahanshah Shah (i) Zamorin (Samuthiri) was the ruler of
Alam? Calicut during Vasco Da Gama's trip to India
(a) Lord Clive in 1498.
(b) Lord Cornwallis (ii) In his first trip Vasco Da Gama stayed for
(c) Lord Wellesley approximately one year in India.
(d) Lord William Bentinck (iii) Vasco Da Gama revisited India in 1501.
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004 (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) (i) and (ii)
Ans-(a) The Treaty of Allahabad (16 August 1765) was (c) (i) and (iii) (d) Only (i)
the outcome of the Battle of Buxar (1764 AD). Robert
Clive (Governor-General of Bengal) made a separate CGPSC Pre 2022
treaty with Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II and Nawab Ans. (c) : Vasco da Gama reached India in 1498 at
of Awadh, Shuja-ud-Daulah. According to this treaty, Kappad near Kozhikode which was then part of the
the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam-II issued a farman kingdom of the Zamorin ndof Calicut. He left India in
(decree) on August 12, 1765 and granted the revenue August 1498. Therefore 2 statement is incorrect. Rest
rights (Diwani) of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa to the East of the statement are correct.
India Company. 8. Correctly match the following :
4. Emperor Shah Alam –II provided the diwani of A. Afonso de 1. Change of
Bengal, Bihar and Orissa to East India Company Albuquerque Portuguese
on- headquarter
(a) 12 August, 1765 (b) 18 August, 1765 from Cochin to
(c) 29 August, 1765 (d) 21 August, 1765 Goa
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2007-08 B. Nuno da Cunha 2. Arrival in India
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. in September
AD 1500
5. Who among the following rulers of medieval
Gujarat surrendered Diu to Portuguese? C. Pedro Alvares 3. Blue Water
Cabral Policy
(a) Ahmad Shah (b) Mahmud Begarha
D. Francisco de 4 Acquiring Goa
(c) Bahadur Shah (d) Muhammad Shah
Almeida in 1510
UPSC IAS (Pre) 2023
History of Modern India 9 YCT
 Code: Ans. (b): The correct chronology is as follows -
A B C D Battle of Shakharkheda 11 October 1724
(a) 1 2 4 3 Battle of Bedara 25 November 1759
(b) 4 1 2 3 Battle of Porto Novo 1 July 1781
(c) 1 4 2 3 Battle of Mudki 18 December 1845
(d) 4 1 3 2 11. With reference to Indian history, consider the
CGPSC Pre 2022 following statements:
Ans. (b) : The correct match is as follows - 1. The Dutch established their
Afonso de Albuquerque - Acquired Goa in 1510 factories/warehouses on the east coast on
from Adil Shah. lands granted to them by Gajapati rulers.
Nuno da Cunha - Moved Portuguese 2. Alfonso de Albuquerque captured Goa from
headquaters from the Bijapur Sultanate.
Cochin to Goa in 3. The English East India Company established
1530 CE. a factory at Madras on a plot of land leased
Pedro Alvares Cabral - Arrived in India on from a representative of the Vijayanagara
13th September, 1500. empire.
Francisco de Almeida - Introduced Blue Which of the statements given above are correct?
Water Policy. (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
9. Match the following Dutch factories with their (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
years of establishment : UPSC IAS 2022
A. Bimlipatam 1. 1653 Ans. (b): Gajapati rulers in Odisha lasted from
1435AD to 1541AD. Dutch factories established on the
eastern coast are: Masulipattanam (1605), Pulicat
B. Karaikal 2. 1645 (1610), Bimilipatam / Bheemunipatnam (1641),
C. Cochin 3. 1641 Chinsura (1653). So, statement 1 is not correct.
D. Chinsura 4 1663 Afonso de Albuquerque captured Goa for Portuguese in
Code : 1510 from Adil Shahi rulers of Bijapur. So, statement 2
A B C D is correct.
(a) 1 2 4 3 In 1639, the English East India Company received
(b) 3 2 4 1 permission from local ruler Damrla Venkatadri Nayaka
(c) 3 4 2 1 to establish a factory at Madras. Fort Saint George was
(d) 1 2 3 4 built in 1640. Madras was the first piece of land leased
CGPSC Pre 2022 by the English East India Company, and significantly
without any war but through friendship and negotiation.
Ans. (b) : The correct match is as follows -
Raja Darmala Venkatadri was a representative of the
Dutch Factories - Year of Establishment
Vijayanagara Empire. So, statement 3 is correct.
Bimlipatam - 1641
Karaikal - 1645 12. Who among the following visitors to India did
Cochin - 1663 not belong to Portuguese country?
Chinsura - 1653 (a) Duarte Barbosa (b) Domingo Paes
(c) Peter Mundy (d) Fernao Nuniz
Note- First Dutch factory was established at
Masulipatnam in 1605. UPPSC RO /ARO( Pre) 2021
Ans. (c) : Peter Mundy was Italian traveler who visited
10. Consider the following events and arrange them
India during the reign of the Mughal Emperor, Shah
in chronological order.
Jahan. He gave valuable information about life and
I. Battle of Mudki living condition of people of Mughal dynasty.
II. Battle of Porto Novo
13. Arrange the following foreign travelers in
III. Battle of Shakarkheda chronological order of their arrival in India:
IV. Battle of Bedara I. William Hawkins
Select the correct answer from the code given II. Ralph Fitch
below: III. Sir Thomas Roe
Code: IV. Nicholas Downton
A B C D Select the correct answer using the codes given
(a) II III IV I below.
(b) III IV II I Codes:
(c) IV III II I (a) II, I, IV and III (b) IV, II, I and III
(d) I II III IV (c) I, II, III and IV (d) III, II, IV and I
UPPCS Pre 2022 UPPCS (Pre.) 2021
History of Modern India 10 YCT
Ans. (a): Ralph Fitch -At the end of the 16th century, 17. The famous Battle of Wandiwash in 1760 was
he came to India during the reign of Emperor Akbar in fought by the British against whom?
1583. (a) The French (b) Spain
William Hawkins – In the month of August 1608, He (c) Mysore (d) Carnatic
(e) None of the above/More than one of the
came to Surat during the reign of Emperor Jahangir. above
Nicholas Downton- He arrived at Surat on 15 October 66th BPSC 2020 (Pre)
1614 during the reign of Emperor Jahangir. Ans. (a) : Third Carnatic War is also known as Battle of
Sir Thomas Roe- He arrived at the port of Surat Wandiwash, was fought on January 22, 1760 between
in September 1615 during the reign of Emperor British and French army. The decisive battle of
Jahangir. Wandiwash was won by British army. General Eyre
14. In the first quarter of seventeenth century, in Coote of the British Army totally routed the French
which of the following was/were the army under Comte de Lally and took Marquis de Bussy
factory/factories of the English East India as prisoner. After this battle the British became the
Company located? supreme European power in Indian subcontinent.
1. Bharuch 2. Chicacole 18. Dutch East India Company established its factory
3. Trichinopoly at Patna in which year?
(a) 1601 (b) 1632
Select the correct answer using the code given (c) 1774 (d) 1651
below. 65th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 Ans: (b) Europeans arrived in India during Jahangir’s
(c) 3 only (d) 2 and 3 regime. Dutch East India Company, established in 1602,
UPSC (IAS) 2021 also came for trade in India. By 1623, Dutch defeated
Ans. (a) : By the first quarter of the the British army in many regions. Claiming their
17th century, English East India Company had ultimate supremacy, Dutch established their trade
established factories at Surat, Bharuch, Ahmedabad, centres in Patna, Bihar in 1632.
Agra, and Masulipatam and not at 19. Who used Hooghly as a base for piracy in the Bay
of Bengal?
Chicacole and Trichinopoly. (a) The Dutch
Hence, Option (a) is the correct answer. (b) The French
15. Which company established its factory in 1632 (c) The Portuguese
at Patna, Bihar? (d) None of the above/More than one of the above
(a) British East India Company (I.A.S. (Pre) G.S. 1995)
(b) Dutch East India Company 65th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019
(c) Portuguese East India Company Ans: (c) The Portuguese used Hooghly as a base for
(d) French East India Company piracy in the Bay of Bengal. With Akbar's consent, they
(e) None of the above/More than one of the established a factory here, which was considered as the
epicenter of the Portuguese trade. The Portuguese were the
above
first among the commercial companies which came to
66th BPSC 2020(Pre) India. The first Portuguese and European traveller Vasco-
Ans. (b): Dutch East India Company was founded in da-Gama arrived at the coast of Kalikat (India) in 1498.
1602 in Dutch Republic (Present day Netherlands) to The first Portuguese viceroy in India Francisco-De-Almida
trade in East Indies in India. The company established captured Diu by defeating the allied forces of Turkeiy,
its first Indian factory in 1611 at Masulipatnam and a Gujarat and Egypt. After acquiring Diu, the Portuguese
second at Surat in 1612. The company had also were the mightiest/most powerful in Indian Ocean.
established their factory at Patna in 1632. 20. Match List-I which contains the names of
European Companies with List-II which contains
16. Bombay (now Mumbai) acquired by the
the names of their settlements in India and select
English originally belonged to the: the correct answer from the codes given below:
(a) Portuguese (b) Dutch List-I List-II
(c) Danes (d) French A. Dutch 1. Goa
OPSC Pre-2020 B. British 2. Pulicat
Ans. (a): King Charles II married Catherine of C. Portuguese 3. Hooghly
Braganza in May 1662. D. French 4. Chinsura
• King "Charles II" was given a huge dowry by the A B C D
Portuguese as a marriage treaty. (a) 3 4 1 2
• Portugal handed over the city of Bombay to (b) 1 3 2 4
(c) 2 3 1 4
Charles II as a part of that dowry.
(d) 2 1 4 3
• Portugal handed the city on 3rd July 1661. Himachal Pradesh PCS (Pre) 2010
History of Modern India 11 YCT
Ans: (c) The correct match is as follows :- 25. With reference to Pondicherry (now Puducherry)
List-I List-II consider the following statements:
Dutch - Pulicat 1. The first European power to occupy
British - Hooghly Pondicherry were the Portuguese.
Portuguese - Goa 2. The second European power to occupy
French - Chinsura Pondicherry were the French
21. Who among the following Mughal Kings had sent 3. The British never occupied Pondicherry
Raja Ram Mohan Roy as his envoy to London?
Which of the following statements given above
(a) Alamgir II (b) Shah Alam II
is/are correct:
(c) Akbar II (d) Bahadur Shah II
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2000-01 (a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2009 (c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans : (c) In 1830 AD Mughal Emperor Akbar II had UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2006
sent Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1772-1833) as his envoy to IAS (Pre) G.S. 2010
the British authorities in London with a personal letter Ans-(a) It was the Portuguese who first discovered a
from him addressed to his Britannic Majesty George IV. direct sea route to India. On May 20, 1498 AD
Akbar II was the son of Shah Alam II who ruled from Portuguese sailor Vasco da Gama arrived at Calicut, an
1806 AD to 1837 AD. In 1803 AD Raja Ram Mohan important sea port located on the South-West India.
Roy started working under East India Company as King Zamorin, the local ruler received him and
munshi or registrar of the Appellate Court of bestowed on him certain privileges. The first European
Murshidabad and later in 1814 AD he left the company power to occupy Pondicherry was the Portuguese and
on some minor corruption charges which were never the second was Dutch. The British had occupied
proved. He died of meningitis in England on September
Pondicherry in 1793 AD, but in 1814 AD they handed it
27, 1833.
over to the French under the Treaty of Paris. Hence only
22. Who adorned Ram Mohan Roy with the title of
statement 1 is correct.
'Raja'?
(a) Aurangzeb 26. The following items consist of two statements:
(b) Robert Clive One labelled as the Assertion (A) and the other as
(c) Mahatma Gandhi Reason (R). You are to examine these two
(d) Mughal Emperor Akbar II statements carefully and select the answers to
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017 these items using the codes given below:
Ans : (d) In 1831, Mughal Emperor Akbar II awarded Assertion (A): Shah Alam II spent the initial
Ram Mohan Roy with the title of 'Raja'. years as an Emperor far away from his capital.
23. Which one of the following Statements is not Reason (R): There was always a lurking danger
correct about Bahadur Shah Zafar? of foreign invasion from the north-west frontier.
(a) He was an emperor without empire. (a) Both A and R are individually true and R is
(b) Ibrahim Zauq and Asad Ullah Khan Ghalib the correct explanation of A
were his poetry teachers. (b) Both A and R are individually true but R is
(c) Hasan Askari was his spiritual guide. not the correct explanation of A
(d) He received less than one lakh rupees as (c) A is true but R is false
pension from East India Company. (d) A is false but R is true
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003
Ans : (d) Bahadur Shah Zafar received Rupees 1 lakh as Ans-(b) After the assassination of Alamgir II by Wazir
pension and rupees 1200 for family expenses along with Imad-ul-Mulk, Ali Gauhar sat on the throne with the
rupees 15 lakh per month as rental property. title of 'Shah Alam II'. But the Mughal Emperor became
24. The first historian who propounded the theory of so powerless that he could enter Delhi after 12 years,
‘jagirdari crisis’ responsible for the decline of only with the help of the Marathas, in 1772 AD. So the
Mughal Empire was- first statement is correct. At the same time, during the
(a) Irfan Habib (b) J.F. Richards
post-Mughal period, the fear of foreign invasion from
(c) W.H. Moreland (d) Satish Chandra
the North-West Frontier was always continuing which
UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Pre) 2006
also appeared from time to time in the form of
Ans-(d)- The Historian Satish Chandra propounded
theory of Jagirdari Crisis, which was responsible for the Nadirshah and Ahmed Shah Abdali. But the main
decline of Mughal Empire. Jagirdari system was a reason of Shah Alam II for staying away from Delhi
system of assignment of land to a person for the purpose was the fear of Ruhela Sardar Najib-Ud-Daula, his son
of collection of revenue in lieu of cash salary for his Zabta Khan and grandson Ghulam Qadir. Ghulam Qadir
duty to government. entered the Rajmahal in the end of 1788 AD.

History of Modern India 12 YCT

27. Which one of the following pairs is correctly 30. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
matched? answer using the codes given below the lists:
(a) Battle of Buxar - Mir Zafar vs Clive List-I List-II
(b) Battle of Wandiwash - French vs East India A First Carnatic War (1) Ended by Treaty of
Company Paris
(c) Battle of Chillianwala - Dalhousie vs Marathas B Third Carnatic War (2) Britishers Lost
(d) Battle of Kharda-Nizam vs East India Company C Second Carnatic War (3) Inconclusive War
IAS Pre G.S. 1995 D First Mysore War (4) Ended by Treaty of
Aix La Chapelle
Ans-(b) The decisive Battle of Buxar was fought in
Codes:
1764 between the East India Company and combined A B C D A B C D
forces of Mir Qasim, Shah Alam II and Shuja-ud-Daula. (a) 1 3 4 2 (b) 2 4 1 3
The combined forces had 40000 soldiers and the British (c) 4 1 3 2 (d) 3 1 4 2
forces had 18000 soldiers. The three separate allies UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2016
could not coordinate in a better way and got defeated. Ans (c): The correct match is as follows :-
The British won Battle of Buxar under the command of List-I List-II
Major Hector Munro. After this battle, Shah Alam II First Carnatic War (1746-48) Ended by Treaty
surrendered to the British, Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula fled of Aix La Chapelle
from the scene and took refuge to Rohilla and Mir Third Carnatic War Ended by Treaty
Qasim also fled and died a few years later in extreme (1758-63) of Paris
obscurity. Second Carnatic War (1749-54) Inconclusive War
Battle of Wandiwash was fought on January 22, 1760 First Mysore War (1767-69) Britishers Lost
between the army of the Brtitish East India Company 31. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
(under the leadership of Sir Eyre Coote) and the French answer using the codes given below the lists :
(under the leadership of Comte de Lally). The British List-I List-II
forces under Sir Eyre Coote defeated the French in the A Pondicherry (1) Dutch
Battle of Wandiwash and besieged Pondicherry. After B Goa (2) French
the Battle of Wandiwash, the French capital of C Tranquebar (3) Portuguese
D Madras (4) Danish (Dane)
Pondicherry fell to the British in 1761 AD. The war was
Code
concluded with the signing of the “Treaty of Paris” of
A B C D
1763 or the treaty of 1763 AD. As per terms of the (a) 2 3 4 1
treaty, the Chandranagar and Pondicherry was returned (b) 1 2 3 4
to France . (c) 3 4 1 2
The Battle of Chillianwala was fought in 1849 AD (d) 4 1 2 3
during the Second Anglo-Sikh War. Sikhs fought UP RO/ARO (Pre) Exam., 2016
against British in this battle under Sher Singh. Ans (a)- The correct match is as follows :-
The Battle of Kharda took place in 1795 AD between Pondicherry French
the Maratha Confederacy under the Peshwa Goa Portuguese
Madhavrao II of Maratha Empire and the Nizam of Tranquebar Danish
Hyderabad in which Nizam was badly defeated and paid Madras Dutch
an indemnity of Rs. 3 crores. 32. Which one of the following is the correct
28. In the Battle of Wandiwash (1760)– statement?
(a) French defeated British (a) The modern Kochi was a Dutch colony till
(b) British defeated Dutch India’s independence.
(c) British defeated French (b) The Dutch defeated the Portuguese and built
(d) Dutch defeated British Fort Williams in the modern Kochi.
UPPCS (Mains) Ist Paper GS, 2015 (c) The modern Kochi was first a Dutch colony
Ans (c) : Kindly refer the explanation of the above before the Portuguese took over from them.
question. (d) The modern Kochi never became a part of the
British colony.
29. Name the French Commander who was defeated in IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005
the Battle of Wandiwash in 1760?
Ans (b) Dutch established Fort William at Kochi by
(a)Count Lally (b) Francis Martin
defeating Portuguese in 1663. With the death of Tipu
(c)Dupleix (d) None of the above Sultan in 1799, Kochi came under the control of the
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2016 British. The kings of Kochi were mere figureheads
Ans (a) : Kindly refer the explanation of the above while the administration was carried out by the British
question. till India's independence.
History of Modern India 13 YCT
33. With reference to the entry of European powers Ans (d): Portuguese were the first European community
into India, which one of the following statements to establish trade relations with India followed by
is NOT correct? Dutch, English and French.
(a) The Portuguese captured Goa in 1499. 39. Who was the actual founder of Portuguese
(b) The British opened their first factory in South power in India?
India at Masulipatnam. (a) Vasco da Gama (b) Albuquerque
(c) In Eastern India, the British Company opened (c) Bartholomew Diaz (d) George Oxendon
its first factory in Orissa in 1633. U.P. Lower (Pre) 2003-04
(d) Under the leadership of Dupleix, the French Ans (b): In 1509 AD, Alfonso de Albuquerque came to
occupied Madras in 1746. India as Portuguese Viceroy followed by Almeida . He
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003 was the actual founder of Portuguese power in India. He
Ans (a): The Portuguese captured Goa in 1510 from conquered Goa in 1510 A.D. Portuguese established
Adil Shah. Rest of the statements is correct. their first fort in Cochin (1503AD) and second in
34. Which one of the following is connected with Cannanore (1505 AD).
‘Blue Water’ policy? 40. In which of the following places the Dutch
(a) De Almeida (b) Albuquerque established their trading centers in India?
(c) Dupleix (d) Robert Clive (a) Nagapattinam, Chinsura, Masulipatnam
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2016 (b) Surat, Bharuch, Agra
Ans (a): The ‘Blue Water’ Policy is attributed (c) Cochin, Ahmedabad, Patna
to Francisco de Almeida, the first Viceroy of the (d) All the above
Portuguese possessions in India. His Blue UPPCS (Pre) G.S.-Ist 2017
Water Policy was to be powerful at the sea instead of Ans (d) : Dutch established some trading centers at
building fortresses on Indian land. eastern coast of India along with lower Ganga basin
35. Who was the first Viceroy of Portuguese colony states. They established Dutch trading centers at
in India? Nagapattinam, Chinsura, Masulipatnam, Surat,
(a) Diaz (b) Vasco da Gama Bharuch, Agra, Cochin, Ahmedabad and Patna.
(c) Almeida (d) Albuquerque 41. In the year 1613, where was the British East
BPSC (Pre.) G.S. 2002 India Company given permission to set up a
Ans (c): Kindly refer the explanation of the above factory (trading post)?
question. (a) Bangalore (b) Madras
36. Amongst the following factories in Bengal, the (c) Masulipattam (d) Surat
one established by the Portuguese was- IAS (Pre) G.S. 2006
(a) Bandel (b) Chinsura Ans (d) : In 1613, British East India Company was
(c) Hooghly (d) Srirampur granted permission to establish a factory (trading post)
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2004 at Surat. The British East India Company was the first
Ans (c): In Bengal, Portuguese established their first to establish its factory at Surat among all European
factory in Hooghly. Additionally, Portuguese trade Companies.
established colonies at Santhome near Madras to
expand their commercial interest at eastern Indian coast. 42. Where did the British set up their first trading
It is significant that Portuguese established their first center in India?
factory in India at Calicut in 1500 AD and second at (a) Calcutta (b) Surat
Cochin in 1501 AD. (c) Bombay (d) Karnataka
37. Name the ruler who welcomed Vasco da Gama in BPSC (Pre) 1994
Calicut. Ans (b): Kindly refer the explanation of the above
(a) Don Almeida (b) Albuquerque question.
(c) Gaspar Correia (d) Zamorin 43. Which one of the following European trading
UP Lower (Pre) 2013 companies was the first to establish its factory at
Ans (d): In 1498 AD, Zamorin welcomed Vasco da Surat?
Gama in Calicut. In Portugal, all the commodities (a) The Dutch (b) The British
brought by Vasco da Gama were sold sixty times (c) The French (d) The Portuguese
costlier than its original cost.
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011
38. Which European community were the first to
establish trade relations with India? Ans (b): Kindly refer the explanation of the above
(a) British (b) Dutch question.
(c) French (d) Portuguese 44. The ruler of England at the time of the
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004 formation of the East India Company was-
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2004-05 (a) Charles I (b) Elizabeth I
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007 (c) James I (d) James II
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2008 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010
History of Modern India 14 YCT
 Ans (b) : On 31st December 1600, Queen Elizabeth Ans (b) : On 9-10 December, 1612, British official
I granted over 200 English merchants the right to trade Thomas Best defeated Portuguese at Swally. Swally is
in the East Indies. located near Surat.
45. During the time of which Mughal Emperor did 50. Who among the following Europeans were the
the Engilsh East India Company establish its first last to come to Pre-independent India as
factory in India? traders?
(a) Akbar (b) Jahangir
(c) Shah Jahan (d) Aurangzeb (a) Dutch (b) British
I.A.S. (Pre) G.S. 2008, 2009 (c) French (d) Portuguese
Ans (b) : The British East India Company established I.A.S. (Pre) G.S. 2007
their first factory in India during the reign of Mughal Ans (c) : Sequence of Europeans who came to Pre
Emperor Jahangir in Surat in 1613 AD. independent India as traders are as follows:
46. Which one of the following was the first fort 1.Portuguese
constructed by the British in India? 2.Dutch
(a) Fort William (b) Fort St. George 3.British
(c) Fort St. David (d) Fort St. Angelo 4. French
I.A.S. (Pre) G.S. 2007 51. The following European Powers entered into
Ans (b) : Damarla Venkatappa, the minister to the Indian trade at one time or the other-
Vijayanagara emperor Venkat II granted permission to 1. The British 2. The Dutch
Britisher Francis Dey to establish a fort at Madras.
3. The French 4. The Portuguese
Later this fort became famous as Fort St. George. It
was the first fort constructed by the British in India. It Select the correct chronological order of their
was founded in 1644 at the coastal city of Madras entry from the code given below:
(now Chennai). (a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) 4, 2, 1, 3
47. Who among the following rulers had provided (c) 3, 4, 2, 1 (d) 2, 3, 4, 1
diwani to East India Company? UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1997
(a) Farrukhshiyar (b) Shah Alam-I Ans (b) : Kindly refer the explanation of the above
(c) Shah Alam-II (d) Shuzauddaula question.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2004
52. Who among the following was the first
Ans (c) : As per the Treaty of Allahabad (1765AD), European to initiate the policy of taking part in
king Shah Alam II was taken into the custody of East
India Company and was kept in Allahabad. By the quarrels of Indian Principalities with a view to
Charter of 12 August, 1765, Shah Alam handed over acquire territories?
the diwani of Bengal, Orrisa and Bihar permanently to (a) Clive (b) Dupleix
company and received rupees 26 lakhs in return from (c) Albuquerque (d) Warren Hastings
the company. IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
48. The secret of success of East India Company in Ans (b): French Governor Joseph-Francois Dupleix
India was- was the first European to initiate the policy of taking
(a) Absence of nationalism in India part in the quarrels of Indian Principalities with a view
(b) The company army received western training to acquire territories. He deployed European army to
and they had modern arms. the Indian courts at the expense of Indian kings for the
(c) Indian soldiers had lack of fidelity
consequently who paid them sufficient first time. Later this policy was adopted by British.
could have them on his service 53. The French failed to establish power in the
(d) All above three Deccan because:
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994 (a) Dupleix was not a capable general
Ans (d) : The main reason behind the success of East (b) The British had a strong Navy
India Company (established in the year 1600) was lack (c) The French were not liked by the Indians
of nationalism in Indians. British forces were well (d) Pondicherry was not a strategic center
equipped with modern arms and were better trained, UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998
Indian soldiers had lack of fidelity consequently who Ans (b) : The French failed to establish power in the
paid them sufficient could have them on his service. Deccan because British had strong naval power as
East India Company came to India to trade but due to compared to French. Commercially, British were more
the above mentioned prevaling circumstances, they effective as compared to French.
were able to rule India. 54. In whose reign did the French East India
49. Which one of the following British officials Company was constituted?
defeated Portuguese at Swally? (a) Louis XIII (b) Louis XIV
(a) William Hawkins (b) Thomas Best (c) Louis XV (d) Louis XVI
(c) Thomas Roe (d) Josia Child UP Lower (Pre) 2013
BPSC(Pre.) 2000-01 UPPCS (Pre) Ist GS, 2014
History of Modern India 15 YCT
 Ans (b) : The French East India Company was formed in Ans (d) : The Carnatic War was fought in between
1664 AD by Jean-Baptiste Colbert during the reign of British and French from 1746 to 1763.
King Louis XIV to trade with India. In 1668 AD 60. Which one of the following was the Emperor of
the French established their first factory at Surat. India when British East India Company was
55. In India, among the following locations, the formed in London?
French established their earliest factory at: (a) Akbar (b) Jahangir
(a) Surat (b) Pulicat (c) Shah Jahan (d) Aurangzeb
(c) Cochin (d) Kasim Bazar UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2012
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003 UP Lower (Pre) 2004
Ans (a) : Kindly refer the explanation of the above
Ans (a) : East India Company was formed for the
question.
exploitation of trade with East and Southeast
56. Who among the following is considered the Asia and India, incorporated by Royal Charter on
founder of French Company in India? December 31, 1600. During this period, Akbar was the
(a) Richelieu (b) Mazarin emperor of India.
(c) Colbert (d) Franco Martin
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2003 61. Which of the following British companies got
Ans (c) : Kindly refer the explanation of the above the first charter permitting them to trade in
question. India?
57. Which one of the following was the immediate (a) Levant Company
cause of the First Carnatic War? (b) East India Company
(a) Anglo-French Rivalry (c) The British Company trading to the East Indies
(b) Austrian War of Succession (d) Ostend Company
(c) Battle of Carnatic Succession UPPCS Kanoongo Exam., 2014
(d) Capture of French ships by the British Ans (a) : Levant Company got the first charter to trade
BPSC(Pre.) 2000-01 in India. It was basically formed in 1581 to trade with
Ans (d) : The First Carnatic War (1746-48) was Ottoman Empire (Turkey).
triggered by the War of the Austrian Succession and
saw the French win a series of victories over their 62. Which one among the following was a reason for
English rivals in the south of India. Although the pre- which the French could not succeed in India in
war situation was restored by the Treaty of Aix-la- the 18th Century?
Chapelle. The main reason behind this battle was (a) They sided with the weak Indian sides such as
capture of French ships by the British. Chanda Sahib and Muzaffar Jang
58. With reference to the Treaty of "Aix-la- (b) Dupleix was called back at a crucial time
Chapelle – 1748" which of the following (c) They conspired against the Indian powers
statements is/are correct? (d) Their trading company was heavily dependent
1. First Carnatic War was ended. on the French Government.
2. The British got back Madras. UPSC CDS Ist 2011
Select the correct answer using the codes given
Ans-(d) The primary (fundamental) cause of French
below.
Codes: failure in India was that the French company was
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only subject to excessive government control. Dupleix was
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 handicapped in execution of his plans for need of funds
UP PSC (Pre) 2020 and support from French government.
Ans. (c) : The First Carnatic War ended in 1748 when There was an inherent weakness in the very nature of
the Treaty of Aix-La Chapelle (October, 1748) was the organisation of the French Company. It was a
signed bringing the Austrian War of Succession to a Government sponsored enterprise financed by the King
conclusion. Under this treaty, first Carnatic war ended in major part. Naturally, the Company did not enjoy
and France agreed to leave the Austrian Netherlands autonomy, nor did it represent the interest of the French
and gave back Madras to Britain in return for nation. Though calling back of Governor-General
Louisbourg. Maria Theresa was also confirmed as Dupleix at the crucial time also contributed to the fall of
Austrian ruler. It is significant that, between 1740 and
French in India.
1748, most of Europe’s great powers were involved in a
conflict caused by the question of Maria Theresa’s 63. When was the first tea company in Assam
succession to the Austrian Habsburg crown. established?
Thus, both statement 1 & 2 are correct. (a) 1835 (b) 1837
59. The Carnatic War was fought in between- (c) 1839 (d) 1841
(a) British and Nawab of Carnatic UP RO/ARO (Pre) Exam., 2016
(b) French and Nawab of Carnatic Ans (c) : ‘The Assam Company’ was the oldest
(c) British and Portuguese commercial tea company in India which was
(d) British and French established in 1839 with the capital of 5 Lakhs.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1995
History of Modern India 16 YCT

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02.
Emergence of Autonomus States-
Awadh, Mysore, Punjab and Bengal
1. With reference to the Burhan-ul-Mulk alias Ans. (b) : Dindigul region was the border of the three
Saadat Khan, which of the following statements prominent kingdoms of South India, the Pandyas,
is/are correct? Cheras and Cholas. Under Haider Ali, Mysore had
1. Saadat Khan was the founder of emerged as a strong state in South India. He organized
Independent state of Awadh. his army on the basis of western military training. He
2. He took part in the conspiracy against the established a modern arsenal at Dindigul in 1755 with
Sayyid Brothers. the help of French experts.
Select the correct answer using the code given
5. Who was the Nawab of Bengal at the time of
below:
Plassey War in 1757?
Code:
(a) Siraj-ud-Daulah (b) Sirajuddin
(a) Only 2 (b) Both 1 and 2
(c) Mir Jafar (d) Mir Khasim
(c) Only 1 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
UPPCS RO/ARO (Pre) 2023 Nagaland NCS Prelims-2019
(Cancelled) Ans. (a): Siraj-ud-Daulah was the Nawab of Bengal at
Ans. (b) : Saadat Khan, also known as Burhan-ul- the time of Battle of Plassey in 1757.
Mulk was the founder of the independent principality The Battle of Plassey was fought in 1757 between the
of Awadh. He took part in the conspiracy against the troops of the British East India Company led by Robert
sayyid Brothers and overthrowned, them. Hence both Clive and the forces of Siraj-ud-Daulah.
the statements are correct. 6. The Treaty of Amritsar (1809) was an
2. What is/are not true in relation to 'Battle of agreement between Ranjit Singh and ..............
Ambur'? (a) Wellesley (b) Metcalfe
(i) This battle was fought in 1752 (c) Bentinck (d) Mayo
(ii) In this battle, armies of Muzaffarjang, Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I
Chanada Sahib and French fought Ans. (b): Treaty of Amritsar (April 25, 1809) concluded
together against Anwar-ud-din between Charles T. Metcalfe, representing the British
(iii) In this battle, army of Anwar-ud-din had East India Company, and Ranjit Singh head of the Sikh
to face defeat. Kingdom of Punjab. The treaty settled Indo-Sikh
(a) (ii) and (iii) (b) (i) and (iii) relations for a generation.
(c) (i) and (ii) (d) Only (i) 7. Which of the following statements regarding
CGPSC Pre 2022 the Anglo-Mysore wars are correct?
Ans. (d) : Battle of Ambur was first major Battle of the 1. Haider Ali won the first Anglo-Mysore war.
Second Carnatic War. The battle was initiated by 2. Tipu defeated Baillie in the Second Anglo-
Muzaffar Jung against the Nawab Anwaruddin Mysore war.
Muhammed Khan in 1749. Hence statement (I) is 3. Tipu Sultan was defeated in the third Anglo-
incorrect. Rest are correct statements. Mysore war.
3. With Misl was Ranjit Singh related? 4. Tipu Sultan was killed in the fourth Anglo-
(a) Ahluwalia (b) Dalevaliyan Mysore war.
(c) Kanhaiya (d) Sukerchakia (a) Only 1 and 4 (b) Only, 1,2 and 3
MPPSC Pre 2022 (c) Only 1, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (d): Maharaja Ranjit Singh the only child of Maha Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I
Singh, the chief of the Sukerchakia Misl. In 1792, at the Ans. (d): Regarding Anglo-Mysore Wars all statements
age of 12 and after the death of his father, Ranjit Singh are correct because the Anglo-Mysore Wars was a
became the chief of the Sukerchakia Misl. series of four military confrontations in India between
4. Who among the following established a modern the British and the rulers of Mysore.
armoury in Dindigul Mysore in 1755? • Haidar Ali won the First Anglo-Mysore War (1767-
(a) Nanjraj (b) Haider Ali 69), and the English was forced to conclude a very
(c) Devraj (d) Chikka Krishnaraj humiliating treaty with Haider Ali on April 4, 1769 -
UP PSC (Pre) 2020 Treaty of Madras which brought an end to the War.
History of Modern India 17 YCT
• During Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780-84), on 1. Narative of a Journey through the upper
September 10, 1780, Tipu defeated Colonel Baillie's provinces of India.
forces, which was the most humilating defeat ever 2. Journey through the kingdom of Oudh in the
suffered by the British at Indian soils. It is also years 1849-50.
known as Battle of Perambakkam. 3. Outram’s report.
• Tipu Sultan was defeated in the Third Ango-Mysore Code:
War (1790-1792). The War ended with the Treaty of (a) 1,2,3 (b) 3,2,1
Srirangapatanam in 1792. (c) 2,3,1 (d) 3,1,2
• Tipu Sultan died in Fourth Anglo-Mysore War UP UDA/LDA Spl. G.S. 2006
(1799) and all his treasures were confiscated by the Ans-(a) The report ‘Narrative of a Journey through the
British. Upper Provinces of India’ was written by Bishop
8. Which one among the following wars was ended Reginald Heber in 1828 AD while ‘Journey Through
by the Treaty of Madras? the Kingdom of Oudh in the years 1849-50’ was written
(a) First Carnatic War (b) Second Carnatic War by Colonel Sleeman while the report of James Outram
(c) First Mysore War (d) Second Mysore War based on the merger of Oudh in British State was
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2011 written in 1856 AD.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 15. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
9. Who emerged victorious in the First Anglo- answer:
Mysore War (1767-69)? List-I (Year) List-II (Events)
(a) British (b) Haider Ali A. 1775 1. First Anglo-Burmese War
(c) Maratha (d) Nizam of Hyderabad
B. 1780 2. First Anglo-Afghan War
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015
C. 1824 3. First Anglo-Maratha War
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
10. Which one of the following is correctly matched? D. 1838 4. Second Anglo-Mysore War
(a) First Anglo-Mysore War : Haider Ali was Code:
defeated (a) A-4 B-3 C-2 D-1 (b) A-4 B-3 C-1 D-2
(b) Second Anglo-Mysore War : Hyder Ali (c) A-3 B-4 C-1 D-2 (d) A-3 B-4 C-2 D-1
defeated the British IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999
(c) Third Anglo-Mysore War : Tipu Sultan won the Ans-(c) The correct matching is as follows-
battle and did not gave his land to the British Year Event
(d) Fourth Anglo-Mysore War : Tipu was defeated 1775 First Anglo-Maratha War
and was killed in the thick of battle 1780 Second Anglo-Mysore War
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014 1824 First Anglo-Burmese War
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
1838 First Anglo-Afghan War
11. The Third Anglo- Mysore War came to an end
with treaty of: 16. Which one of the following statements is NOT
(a) Arcot (b) Mysore correct?
(c) Srirangapatanam (d) Mangalore (a) Ali Mardan Khan introduced the system of
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018 revenue farming in Bengal
Ans. (c): Kindly refer the explanation of above (b) Maharaja Ranjit Singh set up modern foundries
question. to manufacture cannons at Lahore
(c) Sawai Jai Singh of Amber had Euclid’s
12. When was Tipu Sultan killed in the war against ‘Elements of Geometry’ translated into Sanskrit
British?
(d) Sultan Tipu of Mysore gave money for the
(a) 1857 AD (b) 1799 AD
construction of the idol of Goddess Sharda in
(c) 1793 AD (d) 1769 AD the Shringeri temple
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2000 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(a) 'Revenue farming' was introduced in Bengal in
13. Tipu sultan was killed when he was fighting in the reign of Farrukhsiyar not Ali Mardan Khan. Hence,
the battle of- statement (a) is not correct. Ali Mardan Khan was a
(a) First Anglo- Mysore war Kurdish Military leader and administrator, serving
(b) Second Anglo- Mysore War under the Safavid King's Shah Abbas I and Shah Safi
(c) Third Anglo- Mysore War and later the Mughal ruler Shah Jahan.
(d) Fourth Anglo- Mysore War 17. Who among the following Indian rulers
UPPSC Food & Safety Inspector Exam 2013 established embassies in foreign countries on
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. modern lines?
14. Read the following reports on the Oudh (a) Haider Ali (b) Mir Qasim
administration and find out the correct (c) Shah Alam II (d) Tipu Sultan
chronological order from the code given below- IAS (Pre) G.S. 2001
History of Modern India 18 YCT
Ans-(d) Tipu Sultan ascended the throne after the Ans-(c) In all of their writings the other historians
demise of Haider Ali in 1782 AD. He made many described Tipu Sultan as an intolerant and
radical changes in the State of Mysore. To develop fundamentalist but P. E. Roberts has denied the idea
foreign trade and the military alliance, Tipu Sultan that Tipu Sultan was a fundamentalist ruler.
established embassies in many countries viz. France, 22. Who among the following Governor-Generals
Pegu (Myanmar), Turkey, Iran, etc. He issued coins formed the Triple Alliance against Tipu Sultan?
(a) Warren Hastings (b) Lord Cornwallis
based on his name. He also changed the Hindu names of
(c) Lord Wellesley (d) Lord William Bentinck
years and calendars and converted them into Arabic
UPSC CDS Ist 2012
script. He planted the ‘Tree of Liberty at Seringapatam.
Ans-(b) Haider Ali faced the Triple Alliance of the
Purnaiya and Krishna Rao were his Hindu ministers. He
British, the Nizam and the Marathas in the First Anglo-
strengthened his military system on modern European Mysore War (1767-69). Hyder Ali using his diplomatic
method. He was also pioneer in introducing sericulture skills bought off the Marathas and won over the Nizam
in the Mysore State. and thus broke the alliance. The war was brought to an
18. The capital of Tipu Sultan was- end by signing of the Treaty of Madras in 1769. In
(a) Belur 1782, Hyder Ali died in the course of the Second Anglo
(b) Dwar Samudra Mysore war and was succeeded by his son. In 1782,
(c) Seringpattam Tipu Sultan became the successor of Mysore Empire in
the middle of a war. Tipu carried the Second
(d) Srirangam (Srirangapatanam)
Anglo Mysore War till 1784 when two sides concluded
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993 peace by signing the Treaty of Mangalore. In the Third
BPSC (Pre) 1992-93 Anglo Mysore War (1790-92), Tipu was defeated by the
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1992-93 triple alliance of British, Nizam and Marathas which
Ans-(d) Srirangapatanam was the capital of Tipu was formed by Lord Cornwallis and had to sign
Sultan. He was Haider Ali's son and a great warrior also the Treaty of Seringapatam. In 1799, Tipu Sultan died
known as the Tiger of Mysore. at Srirangapatanam during Fourth Anglo-Mysore War.
19. Tipu Sultan defeated the British army in 1780 at 23. With whom the British did the Treaty of
(a) Hyderabad (b) Pollilur Seringapatam?
(c) Srirangapatanam (d) Nizamabad (a) Haider Ali (b) Dupleix
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2009 (c) Tipu Sultan (d) Nandaraja
Ans-(b) In September, 1780 during the Second Anglo- BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1997-98
Mysore war, Tipu Sultan, the brave son of Haider Ali Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
faced Colonel Baillie in the battle of Pollilur and 24. Who among the following Governor-Generals of Bengal
decisively defeated the British and captured Colonel was associated with third Anglo-Mysore War?
Baillie along with his 3820 British officers and troops. (a) Warren Hastings (b) Lord Cornwallis
It was the worst defeat the British have ever suffered on (c) Sir John Shore
Indian soil. (d) Lord William Cavendish Bentinck
20. The British General who defeated Hyder Ali in UPPCS (Mains) G.S Ist 2013
the Battle of Kate Portonova- Ans-(b) Lord Cornwallis was the Governor-General of
(a) Captain Pophem (b) Sir Eyre Coote Bengal during the Third Anglo-Mysore War. To end the
(c) Sir Hector Munro (d) General Goddard Third Anglo- Mysore war, the Treaty of Seringapatnam
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2003 (1792) was signed between Lord Cornwallis and Tipu
Ans-(b) In July 1780, Hyder Ali with his 80,000 men Sultan, the king of Mysore.
and 100 guns attacked Carnatic. In October 1780 he 25. At which place did Raja Ranjit Singh set up the
captured Arcot, defeating an British army under Colonel Adalat-i-Ala?
Baillie. In the words used by Sir Alfred Lyall, "the (a) Amritsar (b) Lahore
fortunes of the British in India had fallen to their lowest (c) Firozpur (d) Multan
watermark". Meanwhile Sir Eyre Coote, Commander-in- UPPCS (Pre.) 2021
Chief in India, sent by Warren Hastings detached the King Ans. (b): In the Ranjit Singh’s empire, justice was
of Berar, Manaji Scindia and Nizam from the alliance with administered by the Panchayats in the villages and the
the Hyder Ali. Undaunted, Hyder Ali boldly continued the Kardars in the towns. In provincial headquarters, there
war with the British. But in November 1781, Sir Eyre were the courts of the Nazims and above them, there
Coote defeated Hyder Ali at Portonova. However, he was Adalat-i-Ala in Lahore which used to hear appeals
mobilised his forces and defeated the British and captured of the district and provincial courts.
their commandar Braithwaite. 26. The capital of the kingdom of Maharaja Ranjit
21. Which of the following British historians has Singh was
denied the idea that Tipu Sultan was a (a) Amritsar (b) Patiala
fundamentalist? (c) Lahore (d) Kapurthala
(a) Kirkpatrick (b) Vilius IAS (Pre) G.S. 1994
(c) P.E. Roberts (d) H.L. Dodwell UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1995
UP UDA/LDA SPl. 2006 Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2008
History of Modern India 19 YCT
 Ans-(c) Maharaja Ranjit Singh was born on 2 32. The successor of Maharaja Ranjit Singh was-
November 1780 in Sukerchakia Misl of the Sikhs. At (a) Harsingh Nalwa (b) Kharak Singh
the age of 20 he held the title of the 'Maharaja of (c) Sher Singh (d) Naunihal Singh
Punjab.' The kingdom of Maharaja Ranjit Singh was Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2003
extended from Punjab to Lahore. With the permission
of Zaman Shah he seized Lahore in 1799 and declared Ans-(b) Maharaja Ranjit Singh was succeeded by his
his capital. Shah Shuja, the grandson of Ahmad Shah son Kharak Singh in 1839, who was deposed within
sat on the throne of Kabul during 1800 AD but Shah months of remaining in power. He was later poisoned to
Mahmud, the brother of Shah Shuja along with death and was replaced by his son Nau Nihal Singh,
powerful Barakzai chieftain Fateh Singh and Dost who was also killed by his close relatives under
Muhammad dethroned him and occupied Kashmir and mysterious circumstances.
Peshawar. On that occasion Shah Shuja asked Ranjeet 33. Who was the Finance Minister of Ranjit Singh?
Singh for help and presented him Kohinoor diamond (a) Gulab Singh (b) Deena Nath
against the help. (c) Hare Singh Nalwa (d) Sawan Mal
27. To which Misl did Ranjit Singh belong? UPPSC (Pre) Spl. 2008
(a) Sukerchakia (b) Sandhawalia Ans-(b) Raja Dina Nath Madan (Razdan) (1795 - 1857)
(c) Ahluwalia (d) Ramgarhia also called Diwan Dina Nath , who was a Kashmiri
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1997 Hindu, rose to the position of finance minister (Diwan)
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. in the Punjab empire of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.
28. Ranjit Singh got the famous Kohinoor diamond 34. Which Dogra amongst the following was
from- supporter of Ranjit Singh’s son Sher Singh?
(a) Shah Shuja (b) Zaman Shah (a) Gulab Singh (b) Dhyan Singh
(c) Dost Mohammad (d) Sher Ali (c) Suchha Singh (d) All the above
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1996 UPPSC Asst. Forest Conservator Exam 2013
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(a) Maharaja Gulab Singh was the founder of
29. Who among the following had said, 'God intended Dogra dynasty and the monarchy of Jammu and
me to look upon all religions with one eye, that is Kashmir. He started his career as a pedestrian in the
why he took away the light from the other'? army of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the ruler of Jammu
(a) Maharaja Ranjit Singh state. He was the supporter of Ranjit Singh’s son Sher
(b) Maharaja Sher Singh Singh.
(c) Maharaja Daleep Singh 35. Who among the following was not a member of
(d) None of the above ‘Board of Three’ to administer the State of
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007 Punjab after its annexation?
Ans-(a) The above mentioned statement 'God intended (a) H.M Elliot (b) Sir Henry Lawrence
me to look upon all religions with one eye, that is why (c) John Lawrence (d) Robert Montgomery
he took away the light from the other' was made by
Maharaja Ranjit Singh. UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
30. The kingdom of Ranjit Singh include- Ans-(*) After the merger of Punjab in 1849 Lord
(a) Delhi (b) Kabul Dalhousie set a committee of three members for the
governance whose president was Henry Lawrence and
(c) Makran (d) Srinagar
two other council members were John Lawrence and
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004 Charles Grenville Mansel. Thus, both persons
Ans:(d) The Kingdom of Ranjeet Singh included mentioned in the options (a) and (d) were not members
Srinagar, Attock, Peshawar, Bannu, Rawalpindi, of 'Board of Three'.
Jammu, Gujarat, Sialkot, Kangra, Amritsar, Lahore and
Multan. Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the founder of the 36. Which among the following pairs is not correctly
Sikh Empire by overthrowing Misls (sovereign states of matched?
the Sikh Confederacy). He was given the title Lion of War Treaty
Punjab (Sher-e-Punjab) for his success in freeing (a) First Carnatic War Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
Lahore (his capital) from the Afghan invaders. (b) Second Carnatic Wr Treaty of Pondicherry
31. Who was the last ruler of Sikh empire? (c) First Anglo-Mysore War Treaty of Madras
(a) Khadak Singh (b) Sher Singh (d) Second Anglo-Mysore War Treaty of
(c) Nav Nihal Singh (d) Duleep Singh Seringapatam
UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2013 UPPSC ACF (Pre) 2017
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010 Ans-(d) The correct match is as follows-
Ans-(d) The last ruler of Sikh empire was Duleep Singh First Carnatic War Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
who was born on September 4, 1838 and died on 22 Second Carnatic War Treaty of Pondicherry
October 1893. He was the youngest son of Maharaja First Anglo-Mysore War Treaty of Madras
Ranjit Singh and Maharani Jind Kaur. He reigned from Second Anglo-Mysore War Treaty of Mangalore
1843 AD to 1849 AD. Third Anglo-Mysore War Treaty of Seringapatam
History of Modern India 20 YCT

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 03.
Anglo-Maratha Struggle
1. Who put up the stiffest resistance against the The treaty of Salbai which was the outcome of the first
British in India? Anglo-Maratha war maintained the status quo. Gujarat
(a) Maratha was restored to the Marathas and only Salsette along
(b) Mughal with Elephanta and two other small islands of Bombay
(c) Rajput harbour was retained by the British.
(d) Sikh 3. Which one among the following was the result of
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993 the First Anglo-Maratha War of 1775-82?
Ans-(a) The most stiff resistance against the British in (a) The British won the war
India was put up by the Marathas. But the superiority of (b) The Marathas won the war
the Marathas came to an end after the third battle of (c) There was no victory for either side
Panipat. In 1802 AD, Lord Wellesley forced Peshwa to (d) It helped Hyder Ali to gather strength because
sign the treaty of Bassein and in 1818, Lord Hastings the British and Marathas were engaged in a
established the British supremacy in India by abolishing mutual war
the power of the Marathas. UPSC CDS Ist 2011
2. Which of the following treaty ended the first Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Anglo-Maratha War? 4. Which of the following pairs is not correctly
(a) Treaty of Surat matched?
(b) Treaty of Manglore (a) Hector Munro – Battle of Buxar
(c) Treaty of Salbai (b) Lord Hastings – Anglo – Nepal War
(d) Treaty of Amritsar (c) Lord Wellesley – Fourth Anglo Mysore War
Uttarakhand Lower (Pre) G.S. 2016 (d) Lord Cornwallis – Third Anglo – Maratha War
Ans-(c) The Treaty of Salbai, which ended the First UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2017
Anglo-Maratha War, was signed on May 17, 1782
Ans-(d) The Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-18) was
between the British East India Company and the fought between the British forces led by Lord Hastings
Marathas. There was no victory for either side. As per and Maratha empire in India. As a result of this war,
this treaty- Hastings forced the Peshwa and Scindia to abusive
1. The British acknowledged Madhav Rao Narayan as treaties on 13 June 1817 and on 5 November 1817
Peshwa of the Maratha empire. respectively. Poona of Bajirao was merged into the
2. The British recognized the Territorial claims of British Indian terrritory. Other pairs are correctly
Madhav Rao Scindia in west of Yamuna River. matched.
3. Raghunath Rao was freed and a pension was fixed 5. The third Anglo-Maratha war is associated with?
for him. (a) Sir John Shore
4. The British East India Company got the control of (b) Lord Hastings
Salsette. (c) Lord Wellesley
5. The British promised to support Marathas in case (d) Lord Cornwallis
they attack Haider Ali of Mysore and retake the UPPSC Food & Safety Inspector Exam 2013
territories of Carnatic. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 21 YCT

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04.
East India Company and
Nawab of Bengal
1. Which treaty was signed after the Battle of 4. The British appointed Mir Jafar as the Nawab
Buxar? of ________ after the Battle of Plassey in 1757.
(a) The Treaty of Allahabad (a) Madras (b) Bengal
(b) The Treaty of Sugauli (c) Bihar (d) Orissa
(c) The Treaty of Bassein Maharashtra PSC 2022
(d) The Treaty of Salbai Ans. (d) : The British appointed Mir Jafar as the Nawab
69th BPSC (Pre) 2023 of Bengal after the Battle of Plassey in 1757. He
conferred the 24 Paraganas of Bengal to the British and
Ans. (a) : The treaty of Allahabad was signed after the also the Jangali Mahals (small administrative units) as a
battle of Buxar. The treaty of Allahabad was signed on result he was propped up as the Puppet of Nawab.
10th August 1765 in between Shah Alam-II and his
5. In 1793, the British Parliament passed an Act
allies and Robert clive of the East India Company. Shah obtaining the East India Company to pay to the
Alam-II granted Diwani Rights of Bengal, Bihar and British Government per year a sum of:
Orissa to East India company. (a) £ 200,000 (b) £ 300,000
In exchange, the company paid an annual tribute of 26 (c) £ 400,000 (d) £ 500,000
lakh rupees while securing the districts of Kara and TS PSC Group-I & II -2017
Allahabad for Shah Alam-II.
Ans. (d): In 1793, the British Parliament passed an Act
2. The British appointed Mir Jafar as the Nawab called Charter Act obtaining the East India Company to
of ______ after the Battle of Plassey in 1757. pay to the British Government per year a sum of £
(a) Madras (b) Bengal 500,000.
(c) Bihar (d) Orissa 6. In which year East India Company acquired
the Diwani Rights over Bengal?
MH PSC (Pre) 2022
(a) 1757 (b) 1760
Ans. (b) : After the battle of Plassey, Mir Jafar was
(c) 1763 (d) 1765
appointed as Nawab of Bengal in return for the help of
East India Company in the battle of Plassey. TS PSC Group-I & II -2017
Ans. (d) : The Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II granted
3. Diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa was
the diwani (the right to collect the land revenue) of
granted to the East India Company after their
Bengal, Bihar and Orissa to the East India Company in
victory in the 1765.
(a) Third Battle of Panipat 1761
7. Consider the following statements:
(b) Battle of Plassey 1757 1. In the Third Battle of Panipat, Ahmed Shah
(c) Battle of Buxar 1764 Abdali defeated Ibrahim Lodi.
(d) Battle of Wandiwash 1760 2. Tipu Sultan was killed in the Third Anglo-
Mizoram PSC (Pre) 2023 Mysore War
3. Mir Jafar entered into a conspiracy with the
Ans. (c) : Diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa was
British for the defeat of Nawab Siraj-ud-
granted to the East India company by the Mughal
Daulah in Battle of Plassey.
emperor Shah Alam-II in 1765. It was the result of
Which of these statements given above is/are
Victory of East India company in battle of Buxar.
correct?
History of Modern India 22 YCT
 (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 3 only Ans: (d) The Treaty of Allahabad (16 August, 1765)
(c) 2 and 3 (d) None was signed between Robert Clive, Shuja-ud-
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2004 Daulah and Shah Alam II. As per the treaty,
Ans-(b) The Third Battle of Panipat was fought Awadh was returned to Shuja-ud-Daulah and his two
between Marathas led by Sadashivrao Bhau and districts Kara and Allahabad were taken away. He had
Afghans led by Ahmad Shah Abdali on 14 January, to pay a war indemnity of Rs. 50 lakh to the Company.
1761. Marathas were defeated badly in this battle. The Awadh had been provided protection by the British.
Third Anglo-Mysore war was fought during 1790-92 However, the Nawab would have to pay for the cost of
AD and ended with the Treaty of Seringapatam. Tipu the British troops. Hence Awadh acted as a buffer state
Sultan was killed in 1799 AD in the Fourth Anglo- between British-possessed Bengal and the Marathas.
Mysore war. The Battle of Plassey was fought between The districts of Kora/Kara and Allahabad and an
Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah and the British annual pension of Rs. 26 lakh were given to
forces. Robert Clive bribed Mir Jafar, the Commander- Shah Alam II. In return, Shah Alam II granted
in-Chief of the Nawab's army, and also promised him to Diwani rights of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa to the
make Nawab of Bengal. He defeated the Nawab British. The Nawab of Bengal was made a puppet with
at Plassey in 1757 AD and captured Calcutta. no military or administrative powers. Varanasi was
8. Siraj-ud-Daulah was defeated by Lord Clive in restored to Shah Alam-II on payment of certain amount
the battle of- of revenue to the Company.
(a) Plassey (b) Buxar
12. First decisive military success of British East
(c) Munger (d) Wandiwash
India Company in India is marked by—
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2005 (a) Battle of Buxar
Ans-(a) Clive defeated Siraj-ud-Daulah in the battle of
(b) Battle of Plassey
Plassey, West Bengal in 1757 AD and captured
(c) Battle of Panipat
Calcutta. The battle was preceded by an attack on
British-controlled Calcutta by Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah (d) Battle of Haldighati
and the Black Hole massacre. MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2008
9. The battle field of Plassey is situated in- Ans-(a) The Battle of Buxar was fought on 22 October,
(a) Bihar (b) Andhra Pradesh 1764 between the forces under the command of the
(c) Orissa (d) West Bengal British East India Company led by Hector Munro and
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2009-10 the combined armies of Mir Qasim, Nawab of Bengal
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. till 1763, the Nawab of Awadh and the Mughal emperor
10. The Battle of Plassey was fought in the year- Shah Alam II. The Battle was fought at Buxar, a small
(a) 1761 (b) 1757 fortified town within the territory of Bihar, located on
(c) 1760 (d) 1764 the banks of river Ganga. It was a decisive victory for
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006 the British East India Company. Shuja-ud-Daula and
Shah Alam surrendered and the war was brought to an
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2005-06
end by the ‘Treaty of Allahabad’ in 1765 AD. The
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Battle of Buxar established the company's dominance
11. Which one of the following statements about the over Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. This war laid the
Treaty of Allahabad is NOT correct? foundation of British rule over Bengal along with the
(a) It was signed in the year 1765 whole of India. Now there was no power left to
(b) The Mughal Emperor by a farman formally demolish British empire. Thus the Battle of Buxar is
granted the Diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa regarded as the first decisive military success of British
to the East India Company East India Company in India.
(c) Awadh was restored to its Nawab on payment 13. Consider the following statements:
of Rs. 50 Lakhs
1. Battle of Buxar provided the key to the
(d) Banaras and the Surrounding tracts were British to establish their rule in India.
detached from Awadh and handed over to Shah 2. The Treaty of Allahabad, which concluded in
Alam II 1765, enabled the British to establish their
UPSC CAPF Exam Ist 2017 rule in Bengal.
History of Modern India 23 YCT
 Which of the statements given above is/are 19. Which one of the following emperor provided
correct? Diwani to East India Company?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (a) Farrukhsiyar (b) Shah Alam I
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) Shah Alam II (d) Shuja-ud-Daula
UPSC CDS Ist 2014 UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
14. Which of the following was the war, which 20. During whose reign the "black hole" accident
started British dominance in India? took place?
(a) Battle of Buxar (a) Alivardi Khan (b) Mir Jafar
(b) Battle of Plassey
(c) Sirajuddaulah (d) Mir Kasim
(c) Third War of Mysore
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1997
(d) Freedom Struggle of 1857
Ans-(c) Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, was
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1994 annoyed from Britishers because they started the
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. construction of Fort William at Calcutta without his
15. Who was the Commander of the army of the East permission and also misused the trading favors. In
India Company in the Battle of Buxar? response the Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah captured Calcutta
(a) Clive (b) Warren Hastings on June 20, 1756 and took 146 people including British
(c) Munro (d) Watson officers, children and women as prisoners and kept
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016 them in a small room of size 18 feet long and 14 feet
wide. Except 23 people, all of them died due to
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
suffocation. This incident was known as the ‘Black
16. The most significant “battle in the establishment Hole’ tragedy and this story was narrated by J.H.
of British supremacy in India was that of- Holwell. The East India Company used this episode as a
(a) Battle of Plassey propaganda device to further win support of the British
(b) Battle of Buxar public in favour of their aggressive wars in Indian lands.
(c) Battle of Wandiwash 21. Who was the Nawab of Bengal when the incident
(d) Third battle of Panipat of “Black Hole” took place?
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001 (a) Alivardi Khan (b) Mir Jafar
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (c) Sirajuddaulah (d) Mir Qasim
17. Out of the following the most decisive battle UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994, 2009
fought by British East India Company was- Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Battle of Buxar
22. Who was the founder of British Empire in India?
(b) Battle of Plassey
(a) Warren Hastings
(c) First Anglo-Sikh War
(b) Lord Amherst
(d) First Anglo-Mysore War
(c) Robert Clive
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016
(d) Lord William Bentinck
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
18. Which one of the following is considered to be the
most significant battle in the establishment of Ans-(c) Robert Clive was the real founder of the British
British Supremacy in India? Empire in India. He defeated Nawab of Bengal,
Sirajuddaulah in the Battle of Plassey (23 June, 1757)
(a) Buxar
and consolidated the British supremacy in India.
(b) Plassey
23. Who of the following shifted his capital from
(c) Seringapatam
Murshidabad to Munger?
(d) Wandiwash (a) Alivardi Khan (b) Siraj-ud-Daula
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012 (c) Meer Jafar (d) Mir Qasim
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. UPLower (Pre) 2003-04

History of Modern India 24 YCT

Ans. (d) In 1760 AD, British dethroned Mir Jafar and and Orissa to the Company. But the Company was not
made Mir Jafar’s son-in-law, Mir Qasim, the Nawab of interested in taking the responsibility therefore they
Bengal. Mir Qasim was the most efficient successor appointed Mohammad Raza Khan and Raja Shitab Rai
among other successors of Nawab Alivardi Khan. He as Diwan of Bengal and Bihar respectively. Mohammad
transferred his capital from Murshidabad to Munger in Raza Khan also acted as deputy Nazim or deputy
Bihar. subahdar.
24. Which among the following statements is/are 26. Which one among the following was the
correct? immediate cause of attack by Nawab Siraj-ud-
1. The Battle of Plassey was won by the British Daulah on Calcutta in 1756?
more by their diplomatic skill than by their (a) Refusal of the British Company to pay the trade
strength of arms. tax
2. The Battle of Buxar was culminated with the (b) The British conspired against the Nawab with a
Treaty of Allahabad and settlement with the view to depose him from the Throne
Nawab of Awadh. (c) Siraj-ud-Daulah wanted to drive out the British
from Bengal
Select the correct answer using the codes given
below: (d) Refusal of the British to demolish the
fortification of Calcutta
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
UPSC CDS Ist 2012
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (d) The immediate cause of attack on Calcutta in
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2010
1756 by Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah was the refusal of the
Ans. (c) The Battle of Plassey was fought between English to demolish the fortification of Calcutta. Other
Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah and the British reasons were that the English strengthened the
army. Robert Clive defeated the Nawab at Plassey with fortification around the Fort William without any
help of Mir Jafar in 1757 AD and captured Calcutta. intimation and approval and they grossly abused the
Mir Jafar ceded to the British, an area of South Calcutta trade privileges granted to them by Mughal rulers.
known as ‘24 Pargana’ for their services and gifted 27. Which one of the following was the cause of the
2,34,000 pounds to Robert Clive as personal gift. Battle of Plassey ?
The Battle of Buxar (1764) was fought between allied (a) The British levied heavy duties on the goods
forces of Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daulah, Shah Alam II entering Calcutta
and the British forces. The British forces led by Hector (b) Siraj-ud-Daulah suspected that the British
Munro badly defeated the allied forces. The Battle of favoured his rivals
Buxar culminated with the Treaty of Allahabad (c) The British began to fortify Calcutta
(1765AD) and settlement with the Nawab of Awadh.
(d) Siraj-ud-Daulah was instigated by the French
25. Who was appointed Deputy Diwan of UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2010
Murshidabad by Robert Clive after the
Ans. (c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Allahabad treaty?
27. What was the immediate cause of Siraj-ud-
(a) Mohd. Raza Khan
Daulah’s campaign against the British in 1757?
(b) Shitab Rai
(a) The refusal of the British to pay taxes on their
(c) Rai Durlabh goods.
(d) Syed Ghulam Hussain (b) The levying of heavy duties by the British on
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002 Indian goods entering Kolkata (Calcutta)
Ans. (a) Mohammad Raza Khan was appointed as the (c) Additional fortification of Kolkata (Calcutta)
Deputy Diwan of Bengal by Robert Clive after the without the permission or even the knowledge
Allahbad treaty. As per the treaty of Allahabad (August of the Nawab.
1765), Shah Alam-II was taken under the British (d) The British taking up the cause of Shaukat Jang,
protection and forced to reside in Allahabad. Shah Alam a rival of Siraj-ud-Daulah.
II by issuing a decree on 12 August 1765 provided the MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2009
Diwani (authority to collect revenue) of Bengal, Bihar Ans. (c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.

History of Modern India 25 YCT

 29. Which of the following statements about the Ans-(d) After the establishment of peace between the
penetration of the British into Bengal is/are Company officials and the Mughals, Job Charnock
correct? returned to Bengal in February 1690 as an agent of the
1. Job Charnock arrived in Sutanati in August Company and on 24 August he reached Sutanauti where
1690 and laid the foundation of Calcutta he established a British factory on 10 February 1691.
which later became the heart of the British The subedars of Bengal gave permission to the British
Indian Empire. to buy Zamindari of three villages named Sutanati,
2. The French East India Company built a fort Kalikata and Gobindapur. Job Charnok laid the
near the Fort William in Calcutta. foundation of Calcutta City at the same area of these
three villages. It was the capital of the Company in
Select the correct answer using the code given
Bengal.
below:
32. British colonialism in India saw the emergence of
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
new cities. Calcutta, now Kolkata was one of the
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 first cities. Which of the following villages were
UPSC CDS Ist 2014 amalgamated to form the city of Calcutta?
Ans-(a) Job Charnock was appointed the agent of the (a) Midnapur, Chittagong, Burdwan
Company in Bengal after an agreement was signed (b) 24-Parganas, Kalikata, Thakurgaon
between the company officials (led by Job Charnock)
(c) Sutanuti, Kalikata, Gobindapur
and the Mughal government in February, 1690 who later
established the city of Calcutta (Kolkata). The French East (d) Midnapur, Thakurgaon, Gobindpur
India Company did not built any fort near the Fort William UPSC CDS Ist 2013
in Calcutta. Fort William was constructed by the British Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
and it triggered the Battle of Plassey. 33. Who remarked about the East India Company
30. The fortification of Calcutta by the British in that “The Company is an anomaly but it is part
1756 was regarded by the Nawab of Bengal, of a system where everything is an anomaly”?
Siraj-ud-Daulah, as (a) Warren Hastings
(a) growth of large-scale British trade (b) T.B. Macaulay
(b) an attack upon his sovereignty (c) Lord Clive
(c) insecurity of the British in India (d) Henry Dundas
(d) British control over Bengal UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2017
UPSC CDS Ist 2013 Ans-(b) T.B. Macaulay remarked “The Company is an
Ans-(b) After the death of Alivardi Khan, Siraj-ud- anomaly but it is part of a system where everything is
Daulah ascended the throne in 1756 and became the an anomaly” about the East India Company.
Nawab of Bengal. The Company wanted to limit his 34. Where was the Western Presidency situated in
power and aimed at securing more trade concessions the early period of the East India Company?
from him. Siraj-ud-Daulah was an assertive ruler who
(a) Surat (b) Satara
asked the East India Company not to interfere in the
(c) Bombay (d) Panaji
political affairs of the state, to stop fortifying Calcutta
factory and to pay the revenues to the state. After the MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2018
Company refused to accept his demands, Siraj-ud- Ans-(a) In the early period of the East India Company,
Daulah took it as an attack upon his sovereignty. As a the Western Presidency was established in Surat. In
result the Battle of Plassey took place in 1757 AD. 1608 AD, the company's first commercial vessel
31. Who among the following was the founder of reached Surat and began to trade by suppressing the
Calcutta? Portuguese invasion. In 1613 AD, the company got a
royal decree (farman) and secured its right to trade in
(a) John Surman (b) Vasco-daGama
Surat. In 1612, Captain Thomas Best defeated the
(c) Warren Hastings (d) Job Charnock Portuguese in the sea off at Surat and impressed
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004 Jahangir in order to get the permission to establish a
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) G.S. 2006 factory in Surat.
History of Modern India 26 YCT

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05.
Policies of Company towards
Indigenous Kingdom
1. Sind was conquered and annexed by 3. Which was the first State to be merged under
(a) Sleeman (b) Napier Dalhousie’s “Doctrine of lapse”?
(c) Lawrence (d) Wellington (a) Jaitpur (b) Sambalpur
(e) None of the above/More than one of the (c) Jhansi (d) Satara
above MPPSC Pre 2022
67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021 Ans. (d): The first State annexed under the ‘Doctrine of
Ans. (b) Sind was annexed by the Bombay Presidency Lapse’ was Satara (1848) followed by Jaitpur and
of British India on 17 February 1843, following a Sambalpur (1849), Baghat (1850), Udaipur (1852),
British Indian conquest led by the then Major General Jhansi (1853), Nagpur (1854), Awadh (1856).
Charles Napier in order to quell the insurrection of
Sindhi rulers who had remained hostile to the British 4. Consider the following Indian states:
empire following the first Anglo-Afghan war. I. Awadh II. Jhansi
2. Consider the following statements regarding III. Satara IV. Nagpur
the Subsidiary Alliance in British India. V. Sindh
A. The Indian ruler signing the alliance Which of the states were annexed by the British
would agree to the posting of a due to the policy of Doctrine of Lapse?
British Resident.
(a) I, II, III and IV
B. The Indian ruler could employ any
European in his state. (b) I, III, and IV
C. The Indian ruler would cede a part (c) II, III and IV
of his territory for payment of (d) II, III, IV and V
subsidy. APPSC (Pre) 2023
D. Expenses of the British army in the Ans. (a) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
state to be shared with the Company.
question.
Which of the following are correct?
5. What was the name of the adopted son of
(a) A, B and C (b) B, C and D
Peshwa Bajirao?
(c) A, B and D (d) Only A and C
(a) Bhaiya Sahab (b) Baba Sahab
Odisha PSC (Pre) 2023
(c) Dada Sahab (d) Nana Sahab
Ans. (c) : The Subsidiary Alliance system was an
arrangement established between the British East India UPPSC ACF Mains 2021 Paper-I
Company and Indian Princely states. Its features are as Ans. (d) : Peshwa Bajirao adopted son was named
follows :- Nana Saheb. Nana Saheb was adopted by Peshwa
• The Indian ruler signing the alliance would agree to Bajirao II in the year 1827. While living at Peshwa
the posting of a British Resident. Bajirao's place, Nana Saheb learned the virtues of horse
• The Indian ruler could employ any European in his riding, weapon handling and efficient politics. After the
state. death of Peshwa Bajirao, the British stopped his
• Expenses of the British army in the state to be shared pension. Later, Nana Saheb along with Tatya Tope
with the Company. started a rebellion in Kanpur against the British Raj in
1857. He died on September 24, 1859.
• The Indian state could not enter into any alliance with
any other foreign power. 6. When did Maharaja Dalip Singh sign the
• The Indian state could also not enter into any political papers related to the merger of Punjab with the
connection with another Indian state without British British empire?
approval. (a) March 19, 1849 (b) March 27, 1849
• The Indian ruler would not cede a part of his territory (c) March 29, 1849 (d) March 30, 1849
for payment of subsidy. UPPSC ACF Mains 2021 Paper-I
History of Modern India 27 YCT
Ans. (c): Maharaja Dalip Singh signed the papers 9. Which one among the following is correct about
relating to the accession of Punjab to the British Empire Doctrine of Lapse?
on March 29, 1849. Ranjit Singh's son Dalip Singh was (a) It did not allow the Indian rulers to adopt any
sent to England along with his mother Jind Kaur after
giving him a pension. The Sikh army was disbanded. heir.
British officers were appointed to all important posts of (b) It did not allow an adopted heir to rule a state
government. Thus Lord Dalhousie, who was the after the death of the ruler.
Governor-General of India at that time, took retaliatory
(c) It made the annexation of Indian state
action and crushed the power of the Sikhs forever.
compulsory after the death of a ruler.
7. Who had merged Sikkim in India?
(d) It made the annexation of Indian state
(a) Lord Hastings
compulsory if the adoption of heir had not been
(b) Lord William Bentick
approved by the British authorities.
(c) Lord Dalhousie
(d) Lord Auckland UPSC CDS Ist 2011
UP PSC (Pre) 2020 Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans. (c) : Lord Dalhousie was Governor-General of 10. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
India from 1848 to 1856. He came to India to extend the answer using code given below-
British territory. Some main features of his policies are List-I List-II
as follows-
(States) (Year of annexation by British)
• Second Anglo- Sikh War and merger of Punjab in
British Empire (1849). A. Sambalpur 1. 1848
• Maharaja, Daleep Singh was pensioned off to B. Satara 2. 1849
England. C. Awadh 3. 1854
• Sikkim was annexed on the ground of misbehavior to D. Jhansi 4. 1856
the two British doctors.
Code:
• Lower Burma was merged to British empire during
the period of Lord Dalhousie. A B C D
8. Consider the annexation of the following states (a) 2 1 3 4
under 'Doctrine of Lapse' and arrange them (b) 2 1 4 3
into chronological order :
(c) 1 2 4 3
1. Satara 2. Jhansi
3. Baghat 4. Udaipur (d) 3 1 4 2
Select the correct answer from the codes give UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
below : Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Codes : 11. The princely state of Baghat was annexed to the
(a) 1, 4, 3, 2 (b) 3, 1, 2, 4 British in-
(c) 1, 3, 4, 2 (d) 2, 4, 1, 3
(a) 1848 (b) 1850
UPPSC BEO 2019
(c) 1852 (d) 1853
Ans. (c) : Lord Dalhousie ,Governor-General of India
from 1848 to 1856, devised a policy that came to be Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2016
known as the Doctrine of Lapse. The Policy declared Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
that if an Indian ruler died without a male heir his
12. Consider the following princely States of British
kingdom would lapse that is become part of Company
territory. One kingdom after another was annexed rule in India:
simply by applying this doctrine: 1. Jhansi
States Year of annexation by British 2. Sambalpur
Satara 1848 3. Satara
Jaitpur 1849
The correct chronological order in which they
Sambalpur 1849
were annexed by the British is-
Baghat 1850
(a) 1,2,3 (b) 1,3,2
Udaipur 1852
Jhansi 1853 (c) 3,2,1 (d) 3,1,2
Nagpur 1854 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2004
Awadh 1856 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.

History of Modern India 28 YCT

13. The State of Oudh or Awadh was annexed by Pratap Singh who was freed by the British after they
the Britishers by using : defeated Peshwa Bajirao II in 1818. Pratap Singh was
(a) The Sedition Act deposed in 1838. His brother Shahji succeeded him but
(b) Doctrine of Lapse died without a natural heir in 1848. At that time the East
India Company government refused to accept Shahaji's
(c) Subsidiary Alliance
adopted son as his successor and captured the territory
(d) Regulating Act, 1784 into the growing British dominion.
Nagaland PSC (NCS) Pre-2017 18. Which one of the following statements does not
Ans. (b): The State of Oudh or Awadh was annexed by apply to the system of Subsidiary Alliance
the Britishers under the terms of the Doctrine of Lapse introduced by Lord Wellesley?
on the grounds of alleged internal misrule and the king (a) To maintain a large standing army at other’s
of Awadh (Wajid Ali Shah) was deposed by order of expense
Lord Dalhousie on 7 February 1856.
(b) To keep India safe from Napoleonic danger
14. The ruler of which one of the following States
(c) To secure a fixed income for the Company
was removed from power by the British on the
pretext of misgovernance? (d) To establish British paramountcy over the
(a) Awadh (b) Jhansi Indian States
(c) French (d) Satara IAS (Pre) G.S. 2018
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2007 Ans-(c) Lord Wellesley (1798-1805) used the system of
Subsidiary Alliance to bring Indian states into the
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
British empire. With this, the superiority of British
15. Which of the following pair is correctly matched? power had been established and the fear of Napoleon
(a) 1849 - Annexation of Satara was set aside. All those who entered into such an
(b) 1848 - Annexation of Punjab alliance with the British had to accept certain terms and
(c) 1856 - Annexation of Awadh conditions which are as follows:
(d) 1855 - Annexation of Jhansi (i) The British would be responsible for protecting
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2002 their ally from external and internal threats to
their power.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(ii) In the territory of the ally, a British armed
16. The last major extension of British Indian contingent would be stationed.
territory took place during the time of-
(iii) The ally would have to provide the resources for
(a) Dufferin (b) Dalhousie
maintaining this contingent.
(c) Lytton (d) Curzon
(iv) The ally could enter into agreements with other
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2000 rulers or engaged in warfare only with the
Ans-(b) The last major extension of the British Indian permission of the British.
territory took place during the administering period of 19. In order to establish British dominance on Indian
Lord Dalhousie, under his Policy of Doctrine of Lapse
states, who initiated the system of Subsidiary
(Jhansi, Satara, Jaitpur, Sambalpur, Udaipur and
Alliance in the Administration?
Nagpur) and on the basis of misgovernance (Awadh).
He was the Governor-General of East India Company (a) Warren Hastings (b) Lord Wellesley
during 1848-56 AD. During this period Anglo-Sikh War (c) Lord Cornwallis (d) Lord Dalhousie
(1849) was fought in which the Sikhs were defeated UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016
again and Dalhousie was successful in annexing the Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
whole of Punjab to the British administration.
20. The first Indian ruler who joined the Subsidiary
17. Which of the following was first victim of Lord
Alliance was-
Dalhousie’s policy of Doctrine of Lapse?
(a) The Nawab of Oudh
(a) Jhansi (b) Satara
(b) The Nizam of Hyderabad
(c) Karauli (d) Sambalpur
(c) Peshwa Baji Rao II
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2016
(d) The King of Travancore
Ans-(b) Satara was a short-lived princely state created
by the British in 1818 after the Third Anglo-Maratha IAS (Pre) G.S. 1994
War and annexed by them in 1848 using the policy of Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2006
Doctrine of lapse. The first Raja of the State was Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) Ist G.S., 2013

History of Modern India 29 YCT

Ans. (b) The Subsidiary Alliance System was used by 25. The Subsidiary Alliance was not accepted by-
Lord Wellesley (Governor-General of India) to bring (a) The Nizam of Hyderabad
the Indian states within the boundary of the British
empire. Under this doctrine, the Nizam of Hyderabad, (b) The Holkar state of Indore
the feeblest of all rulers was the first Indian ruler to (c) The Rajput state of Jodhpur
accept the Subsidiary Alliance in 1798 A.D and came (d) The Ruler of Mysore
under the British protection. It also was a major process Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2013
that led to the building of the British empire in India.
The Subsidiary Alliance was actually used for the first Ans-(b) Holkar of Indore state did not accept
time by the French Governor-General Marquis Dupleix. Subsidiary Alliance. The Subsidiary Alliance was
associated with Governor-General Lord Wellesley
21. Subsidiary Alliance was implemented during the
reign of- (1798-1805 AD). The states to accept the Subsidiary
Alliance were- Hyderabad (1798 AD and 1800 AD),
(a) Lord Cornwallis (b) Lord Wellesley
Mysore (1799 AD), Tanjore (1799 AD), Awadh (1801
(c) Sir John Shore (d) Lord Auckland AD), Peshwa (1801 AD), Bhonsle of Berar (1803 AD),
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011 Scindia (1804 AD), Jodhpur, Jaipur, Machchedi, Bundi
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. and Bharatpur in 1818.
22. Who was the first Indian native ruler to accept 26. The main aim of East India Company to make
the system of subsidiary alliance? Subsidiary Alliance in Rajput states was-
(a) Scindhia of Gwalior (a) Receiving military support against enemies
(b) Nizam of Hyderabad (b) Protecting these states from Maratha-Pindari
(c) Dalip Singh of Punjab invasion
(d) Gaikwad of Baroda (c) To receive funds in the form of Khiraj
(e) Bhonsle of Nagpur (d) To establish the sovereignty of the British
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2013 RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 1992
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(d) The East India Company was established in
23. "Such is the general principle that ought to 1600 AD which came to India with an aim to trade only.
guide the conduct of the British government in The main aim of East India Company to make
its disposal of independent states, where there Subsidiary Alliance in Rajput states was to establish the
has been a total failure of heirs whatsoever of
where permission is asked to continue by sovereignty of the British. The subsidiary alliance was
adoption a succession which fails in the natural implemented by Lord Wellesley to bring Indian states
line". This statement is with reference to within the ambit of British empire.
(a) Hindu Succession Act 27. First Maratha Sardar to accept the Subsidiary
(b) Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act Alliance of Lord Wellesley was-
(c) Doctrine of Lapse (a) Peshwa Baji Rao-II (b) Raghuji Bhosle
(d) Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act (c) Daulatrao Scindhia (d) None of the above
Manipur PSC-2013 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1996
Ans. (c): The Doctrine of Lapse was an annexation Ans-(a) Peshwa Baji Rao-II was the first Maratha
policy followed widely by Lord Dalhousie when he was Sardar who had accepted the subsidiary alliance with
India's Governor-General from 1848 to 1856. It was the British via treaty of Bassein. The treaty was signed
used as an administrative policy for the extension of on 31 December 1802 between the British East India
British Paramount. The Doctrine of Lapse was an Company and Baji Rao-II (who is termed as ‘Cypher’
annexation policy extensively applied by East India by the historians), the Maratha Peshwa of Pune (Poona)
Company in India until 1859. The Doctrine stated that in India after the Battle of Poona. Notably, the Nizam of
any Princely state under the vassalage of the company Hyderabad was the first to enter in Subsidiary Alliance
will have its territory annexed if the ruler of the said (1798 AD) followed by Mysore (1799 AD), Tanjore
state fail to produce an heir. The doctrine and its (1799 AD) Nawab of Awadh (1801 AD) and Baji Rao-
application were regarded by many Indians as II (1802 AD).
illegitimate. 28. Awadh was amalgamated into the British
24. Who among the following formulated and dominion in the year-
implemented the 'Doctrine of Lapse’? (a) 1853 (b) 1854
(a) Wellesley (b) Hastings (c) 1855 (d) 1856
(c) Dalhousie (d) Clive UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011 UP RO/ARO (Pre) G.S. 2013
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. UPPSC Food & Safety Inspector Exam 2013
History of Modern India 30 YCT
 Ans. (d) The Kingdom of Oudh (Awadh) was the only Ans. (c) The Subsidiary Alliance was basically a treaty
Indian state whose ruler Nawab Wajid Ali Shah was between the British East India Company and the Indian
descended on the ground of “intolerable princely states, by virtue of which the Indian kingdoms
misgovernment”. Awadh was annexed in February, lost their sovereignty to the British. It was framed by
1856 via a proclamation. Lord Wellesley, then Governor-General of India from
29. The East India Company had descended Nawab 1798 AD to 1805 AD. An Indian ruler entering into
Wajid Ali the ‘Nawab of Awadh‘from the throne Subsidiary Alliance with the British had to dissolve his
in- own armed forces and accept British forces in his
territory. The Indian state could not enter into any
(a) 1853 (b) 1855
alliance with any other foreign power. A British
(c) 1856 (d) 1857 resident was also stationed in the Indian court. The
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2004 British promised non-interference in internal affairs of
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. the Indian state but this was rarely kept.
30. Awadh was annexed during Dalhousie’s period 34. Who among the following did not rebel against
into the British empire on which ground? the British East India Company's control over
(a) Alleged misgovernance them?
(b) Doctrine of Lapse (a) Raja of Vizianagaram
(c) Subsidiary Alliance (b) Nizam of Hyderabad
(d) None of the Above (c) Polygar of Tamil Nadu
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991, 1994 (d) Dewan Velu Thampi of Travancore
(e) None of the above/ More than one of the above
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
64th BPSC (Pre) 2018-19
31. In 1856 Awadh would not have been annexed
with the British empire if the Nawab of Awadh Ans-(b) In 1858, a treaty was accorded between the
had- British and the ruler of Vijayanagara to expel the
French from the northern Government. After sometime
(a) allied with the British
the British refused to accept the terms of treaty and
(b) not refused to introduce reforms as suggested by asked a sum of 3 lakh rupees to ruler of Vijayanagara,
the British Raja Vijayram Raju. He denied and opened a revolt
(c) fought against the British against the British but at the end he was arrested.
(d) a natural heir Polygar of Tamil Nadu stood firmly against the British
UPSC CDS Ist 2011 between 1795 and 1805 AD. Diwan Velu Thampi of
Travancore led a strong revolt against the growing
Ans-(b) Awadh would not have been annexed with the atrocities of the British between 1808 to 1809 AD. After
British empire in 1856 AD if the Nawab of Awadh had the death of Nizam in 1748 in the absence of any good
not refused to introduce reforms as suggested by the ruler, nobody could face the British. Hyderabad was
British. the first among Indian states which accepted the
32. Who among the following was the British subsidiary alliance and to keep a British force under
resident in Awadh at the time of its annexation Wellesley.
into British dominion? 35. Identify the correct sequence of the following
(a) James Outram (b) W.H. Sleeman events of Indian history (starting with the
(c) Bishop R. Heber (d) General Low earliest):
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011 1. The Doctrine of Lapse
Ans-(a) In 1854 AD, James Outram had been appointed 2. The Subsidiary Alliance
as the British resident in place of Colonel W.H. 3. The Treaty of Lahore
Sleeman. He was said to generate a report on Awadh 4. The Pitt’s India Act
and on the basis of his report, it was decided to include
Awadh in the British state by accusing alleged Select the correct answer using the code given
misgovernance. below:
Code:
33. Which one among the following is not correct
about the Subsidiary Alliance ? (a) 4-2-3-1 (b) 1-2-3-4
(a) It was formulated by Wellesley (c) 2-1-4-3 (d) 3-2-1-4
(b) British army was posted in the subsidiary state UPSC CDS Ist 2012
(c) It did not recognize an adopted heir to a Ans-(a) The correct sequence is as follows-
subsidiary state (i) The Pitt’s India Act (1784)
(d) A British Resident was posted in the subsidiary (ii) The Subsidiary Alliance (1798)
state (iii) The Treaty of Lahore (1846)
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2010 (iv) The Doctrine of Lapse (1848)
History of Modern India 31 YCT

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06.
Revenue and Judicial
Reforms in British Period
1. With reference to revenue collection by Ans. (a) : Sir Thomas Munro was appointed Governor
Cornwallis, consider the following statements: of Madras in 1820. He is credited with having
1. Under the Ryotwari Settlement of revenue introduced the Ryotwari system in South India and
collection, the peasants were exempted from drafting an education policy for the Madras Presidency.
revenue payment in case of bad harvests or
4. Who introduced the system of Mahalawari
natural calamities.
Settlement in Bengal?
2. Under the Permanent Settlement in Bengal, (a) Lord Cornwallis
if the Zamindar failed to pay his revenues to
(b) Holt Mackenzie
the state, on or before the fixed date, he
would be removed from his Zamindari. (c) Lord Hastings
Which of the statements given above is/are (d) More than one of the above
correct? (e) None of the above
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only 68th BPSC 2022
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Ans. (b): In 1822, Mahalwari system was introduced by
UPSC IAS (Pre.) 2024 Holt Mackenzie in India which had elements both from
zamidari as well or ryotwari system. In this system land
Ans(b): Ryotwari system was a land revenue system in
owners-peasants zamidars as the case may be-were
British India introduced by Thomas Munro, which
required to pay revenue in cash which was not fixed and
allowed the government to deal directly with the
could be increased. This added to the miseries of the
cultivator (ryot) for revenue collection and gave the
peasants who were compelled to go for cash crop
peasant freedom to acquire new land for cultivation,
(resulting in food shortage) and also had to borrow from
under the Ryotwari settlement or revenue collection, the
money lenders resulting in imminent default, forfeiture
peasants were not exempted from revenue payment in
of their land and emergence of bonded labour etc. This
case of bad harvests or natural calamities. Hence,
system was popularized by Lord William Bentinck in
statement-1 is incorrect.
Agra and Awadh and was later extended to Madhya
Under the permanent settlement in Bengal if the
Pradesh and Punjab.
Zamindar failed to pay his revenues to the state on or
before the fixed date he would be removed from his 5.
Consider the following Statements regarding
zamindari. Hence, statement-2 is correct. ‘Judicial organisation’ in the time of British:
2. Who among the following said "The Ryotwari 1. Cornwallis established Courts of the
is a system which has always prevailed in Circuit which were formed to deal with
India"? civil cases only.
(a) John Shore (b) Alexander Duff 2. William Bentinck abolished the Circuit
(c) Captain Reed (d) Thomas Munro courts.
JPSC (Pre) 2024-I
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
Ans. (d) : Captain Thomas Munro said the Ryotwari is
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
a system which has always pervailed in India. The
ryotwari system was a land revenue system in British J & K PSC Pre 2022
India introduced by Thomas Munro; Governor of Ans.(c): A Court of circuit was established by Lord
Madras in 1820. In this system, the peasants or Cornawallis. It was a moving court which moved from
cultivators were regarded as the owner of the land. district to district in their respective division to try
3. Sir Thomas Munro was associated with which criminal cases. Lord William Bentick abolsihed these
courts.
of the land revenue system?
Hence, both statements I & II are correct.
(a) Ryotwari (b) Mahalwari
6. Which of the following land revenue settlement
(c) Permanent Settlement(d) Malguzari
was first to have concluded with the village
Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022 community?
History of Modern India 32 YCT
 (a) Permanent Settlement Ans. (a): In the year 1878, the First Famine
(b) Mahalwari Settlement Commission was appointed during the Viceroyship of
(c) Ryotwari Settlement Lord Lytton. Sir Richard Strachey was the first
(d) None of these chairman of this commission.
OPSC (OCS) Pre 2021 Paper-I • Famine had been perennial feature of Indian sub-
continent during British Raj. The agrarian system
Ans. (b): Mahalwari system was introduced in 1822 by as evolved from the British had a built in system of
Holt Mackenzie. Later the system was reformed during destruction of agriculture.
the period of William Bentick (1833). • Recurrent famine and huge loss of life due to
• This was the Primary land revenue system in hunger led the British Government to come under
North-West India. pressure in England. The devastating effects of
• It was introduced in Central Province, North-West 1876-78 famine compelled the British Government
to do something substantial to check the recurrence
Frontier, Agra, Punjab, Gangetic Valley etc. of of famines in India.
British India. 10. In British period, a special tax was levied on
• In this system the land was divided into Mahals. the farmers of Singhbhum on rearing silk and
Each Mahal comprises one or more villages. lac on such trees as Kusum and Asan. What
• The entire village (Mahal) was considered as a was the tax called?
single unit for tax collection. (a) Dal katti (b) Jamabandi
(c) Rasad (d) Charai
• The village headman or villages committee was
JPSC (pre.)2021 Paper- II
assigned the responsibility to collect tax.
Ans. (a) : During the British period, a special tax called
• The Mahalwari system had money provisions of ‘Dalkatti’ was collected from the farmers of Singhbum
both the Zamindari system and Ryotwari system. to grow silk and lac on trees like Kusum and Asan.
• This system was called the Modified Zamindari 11. Permanent Settlement and Ryotwari System of
system because the village's headman virtually land revenue was introduced respectively in:
became a Zamindar. (a) Madras and Punjab (b) Madras and Bengal
(c) Punjab and Bengal (d) Bengal and Madras
7. Which of the following statement(s) is (are)
7th JPSC (Pre)2021
correct with reference to Mahalwari
Ans. (d) : Permanent Settlement (Istamrari Settlement)
Settlement? was implemented by Lord Cornwallis in the year 1793.
1. It was a modified version of the Permanent According to this system the Kings and Talukdars were
Settlement. recognized as Zamindars and were entrusted with the
2. The land revenue was fixed permanently in responsibility of collecting rent from the peasants and
this system. paying revenue to the East India Company and the amount
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 to be paid by them was fixed permanently. It was
introduced in the provinces of Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Varanasi. Whereas the Ryotwari system, was implemented
Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I in the Madras, Bombay and some parts of Assam under
Ans. (d): In Permanent settlement system, the rate of British control, in which the revenue was collected
revenue was fixed whereas in the case of Mahalwari directly from the farmers.
was different from permanent settlement system in 12. In which year Permanent Revenue Settlement
Mahalwari system the rate of revenue is revised from was introduced?
time to time. It was settlement on a joints land basis in a (a) 1793 (b) 1794
village. (c) 1795 (d) 1796
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018
8. In which of the following areas, Mahalwari Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above
Revenue settlement was introduced? question.
(a) Punjab and Northwest provinces 13. Which of the following is/are characterstic(s) of
(b) Bengal and Bihar the Ryotwari system?
(c) Orissa 1. It was the brainchild of Thomas Munro
(d) Madras 2. It was meant to reduce intermediaries
TS PSC Group-I & II -2017 3. Cultivating peasants were gradually
Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above impoverished by the system
question. 4. It was introduced in parts of Madras and
Bengal Presidency
9. Who was the Chairman of the First Famine Select the correct answer using the code given
Commission in 1880? below:
(a) Sir Richard Strachey (b) Sir Mac Donnel (a) 1 only (b) 1,2 and 3
(c) J. B. Lyall (d) T. Morrison (c) 2 and 4 only (d) 2,3 and 4
OPSC (OCS) Pre 2021 Paper-I UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2016
History of Modern India 33 YCT
Ans-(b) In 1792 AD, Governor of Madras, Thomas 18. The Ryotwari settlement was introduced by the
Munro introduced the Ryotwari system in Baramahal British in the-
district of Madras. In this system, peasants were given (a) Bengal Presidency
the ownership and proprietorship and had to made direct (b) Madras Presidency
payment to state as 30% (later it became 50%) of their (c) Bombay Presidency
produce. They also enjoyed the right to hold and sell the (d) Madras and Bombay Presidencies
land. If they failed to pay the taxes, they were evicted IAS (Pre) G.S. 1993
by the government. Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2010
14. Who among the following was/were associated UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016
with the introduction of Ryotwari Settlement in Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
India during the British rule? 19. The system under which the peasant himself
1. Lord Cornwallis owns the land and is responsible for payment
of land revenue to the Government is known as
2. Alexander Reed
(a) Zamindari system
3. Thomas Munro
(b) Ryotwari system
Select the correct answer using the code given (c) Mahalwari system
below: (d) Dahsala system
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 3 only (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 65th BPSC (Pre) 2019
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2017 Ans (b) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
Ans-(c) The Ryotwari system was a form of land question.
revenue settlement during the British period in 20. Which one of the following statements about land
India. Thomas Munro and Captain Reed are considered tenure system is NOT correct?
as the founder of Ryotwari settlement in India. It was (a) During the British rule in India three categories
first used in Baramahal district of Tamil Nadu in 1792 of land tenure system, viz. Zamindari,
AD and later in Madras, some parts of Bombay, eastern Mahalwari and Ryotwari were introduced
Bengal, Assam and some parts of Coorg (in modern (b) Under Zamindari system, land was held by one
Karnataka). Under Ryotwari system the ownership person or at the most by a few joint owners who
rights were handed over to the peasants and the British were responsible for the payment of land revenue
government had to collect the taxes directly from the (c) Under the Mahalwari system, the agricultural
peasants. lands belonged to the Government
15. With reference to Ryotwari Settlement, consider (d) Under Ryotwari system, the individual holders
the following statements : had the permanent rights over land and were
1. The rent was paid directly by the peasants to directly responsible for payment of land revenue
the Government. UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2017
2. The Government gave Pattas to the Ryots. Ans-(c) Under the Mahalwari system, the agricultural
3. The lands were surveyed and assessed before lands belonged to the peasants not the Government.
being taxed. Thus, statement (c) is incorrect.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? During the British rule in India three categories of land
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only tenure systems were introduced namely Zamindari
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) None (Permanent Settlement), Ryotwari and Mahalwari.
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2012 21. Which one among the following relates to a land
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. revenue policy introduced by the British East
16. In the context of revenue administration of the India Company?
British in India, who of the following is well- (a) Pitt's India Act
known for his association with Ryotwari (b) Mahalwari Settlement
settlement and it's implementation? (c) Regulating Act
(a) Thomas Munro (b) R. M. Bird (d) Subsidiary Alliance
(c) Sir Charles Napier (d) Jonathan Duncan UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2012
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000, 2003 Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2008 22. Given below are two statements, one is labelled
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R) :
17. In British System Ryotwari land revenue Assertion (A) : The British Government
collection was prevalent in- introduced different land
(a) North India (b) East India revenue systems in different
(c) West India (d) South India parts of India.
UPPSC Revenue Inspector Exam 2014 Reason (R) : It led to create different classes
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. in Indian peasantry
History of Modern India 34 YCT
 Select the correct answer from the codes given the land. There were herediatary rights of succession of
below. the land under them and so were given the rights to
Codes: collect the rent from the peasants. The realized amount
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the would be divided into 11 parts. The 1/11th part of the
correct explanation of (A) share belongs to the zamindars and 10/11th part of the
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the share belongs to East India Company. This tax rate was
correct explanation of (A) higher than the prevailing rates in England.
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false 25. Which one among the following was not correct
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true about Permanent Settlement in India?
UP PSC (Pre) 2020 (a) It was introduced by Lord Comwallis
Ans. (a) : The British Government introduced three (b) It was implemented in Bengal and Bihar
land revenue policies namely permanent settlement, (c) Zamindars were only revenue collectors but not
Ryotwari settlement and Mahalwari system in different the owners of the land\
parts of India. It resulted into different classes in Indian (d) The cultivators were reduced to the status of tenants
peasantry. UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2010
Hence, both statements are correct and reason is correct Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
explanation of assertion. 26. Who implemented Istmrari settlement?
23. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct (a) Wellesley (b) Warren Hastings
answer from the code given below the list- (c) Lord Cornwallis (d) Lord Dufferin
List-I List-II UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991
A. Land allotted to big 1. Jagirdari System Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
feudal landlords 27. Permanent settlement was started in Bengal and
B. Land allotted to 2. Ryotwari System Bihar by-
revenue farmers or (a) Cornwallis (b) Minto
rent collectors (c) Warren Hastings (d) Wellesley
C. Land allotted to each 3. Mahalwari Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2002-03
peasant with the right Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
to sublet, mortgage, 28. The 'Permanent Settlement' was made with-
gift or sell (a) Zamindars (b) Village communities
D. Revenue settlements 4. Zamindari (c) Muqaddamas (d) peasants
made at village level System MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1990
Code: BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2011
A B C D Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) 1 3 2 4 29. Who is credited with the introduction of
(b) 1 4 2 3 permanent settlement in Bengal and Bihar?
(c) 3 4 1 2 (a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Cornwallis
(d) 2 1 3 4 (c) Lord Ripon (d) Lord Wellesley
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2000 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2005
Ans-(b) The correct matching is as follows- Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
List-I List-II 30. Under the permanent settlement, 1793, the
Land allotted to big feudal landlords – Jagirdari System Zamindars were required to issue pattas to the
Land allotted to revenue farmers or rent collectors farmers which were not issued by many of the
Zamindari System Zamindars. The reason was-
Land allotted to each peasant with the right (a) The Zamindars were trusted by the farmers
to sublet, mortgage, gift or sell– Ryotwari System (b) There was no official check upon the Zamindars
Revenue settlements made at village level– Mahalwari (c) It was the responsibility of the British
24. Under whose tenure was the 'Permanent government
Settlement' introduced? (d) The farmers were not interested in getting pattas
(a) Warren Hastings (b) Lord Cornwallis IAS (Pre) G.S. 2011
(c) Sir John Shore (d) Lord Wellesley Ans-(b) The zamindars were required to issue pattas to
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2007 the farmers which were not issued by many of the
UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2008 zamindars because there was no official check upon the
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2014 zamindars.
Ans-(b) The Permanent Settlement also called In the Pitts India Act of 1784, the company was advised
Istamarari, Jagirdari or Bishvedari was introduced in to have permanent land management in Bengal. In 1786
1793 AD by Lord Cornwallis and covered around 1/5th AD, Lord Cornwallis came to India as Governor
of the British territory in India, including Bengal, Bihar, General and implemented 10 year system in 1790 AD
Orissa, parts of Northern Karnataka, Varanasi and some removing the old yearly system. In 1793 AD he named
other areas. The zamindars were recognized as owner of this system as ‘Permanent Settlement’. In this system-
History of Modern India 35 YCT
(i) Land revenue was set permanently. 33. By a regulation in 1793, the District Collector
(ii) 1/10th part of the collected revenue was kept by the was deprived of his judicial powers and made the
Zamindar for him. collecting agent only. What was the reason for
(iii) After the death of the landlord (zamindar), the land such regulation?
was divided into his heirs. (a) Lord Cornwallis felt that the District Collector's
31. Which one of the following is correct about the efficiency of revenue collection would
permanent settlement introduced in Bihar? enormously increase without the burden of other
(a) The zamindars were deprived of the ownership work.
of the land (b) Lord Cornwallis felt that judicial power should
(b) The right of ownership of land was made compulsorily be in the hands of Europeans
hereditary while Indians can be given the job of revenue
(c) Land revenue was constitutionalised collection in the districts.
(d) Abolition of zamindari (c) Lord Cornwallis was alarmed at the extent of
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2007-08 power concentrated in the District Collector and
Ans-(b) The permanent settlement was introduced in felt that such absolute power was undesirable in
Bihar as the right of ownership of land which was made one person.
hereditary and transferable for the zamindars. It fixed (d) The judicial work demanded a deep knowledge
the amount of revenue for the company. of India and a good training in law and' Lord
32. The permanent settlement was rarely extended to Cornwallis felt that District Collector should be
other regions because- only a revenue collector
(a) increases in agricultural prices after 1810 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2010
increased the value of the harvest while the
Ans-(c) By a regulation in 1793 AD, the District
permanent settlement disallowed an increase in
Collector was deprived of his judicial powers and made
the State's share
the collecting agent only because Lord Cornwallis was
(b) the economic theories of Ricardo influenced the
alarmed at the extent of power concentrated in the
policy makers
District Collector and felt that such absolute power was
(c) the state found it expedient to settle directly
with the ryot undesirable in one person.
(d) All of the above 34. Who established the judicial organization in
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2014 India?
Ans-(d) The permanent settlement was rarely extended (a) Lord Mayo (b) Lord Cornwallis
to any region beyond Bengal. After 1810 AD, there was (c) Lord Attlee (d) Lord Curzon
a substantial growth in the income of zamindars because UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991
of the increasing value of harvest produced. The Ans-(b) The judicial organization in India was
established by Lord Cornwallis. He gave limited
colonial state could not claim any share of this
judicial powers to the company’s revenue collectors,
increased income as the revenue demand was fixed in
who already served as civil magistrates.
perpetuity. Thus, in order to enlarge its financial
However the new judicial reform of Lord Cornwallis
resources, the colonial state left the idea of expanding was based on the principle of separation of power. The
Istamrari settlement. collector used to be the head of revenue department in a
The colonial officials were under much influence of the district and also enjoyed extensive judicial and
ideas of David Ricardo, the renowned economist of the magesterial power. Thus the collector were given only
19th century. He suggested that a landowner should have the power of the revenue adminstration according to the
a claim only to the average rent prevailing at that time. Cornwallis Code.
According to him “when the land yielded more than this 35. The tendency for increased litigation was visible
average rent, the landowner had a surplus that the state after the introduction of the land settlement
needed to tax. If tax was not levied, cultivators were system of lord Cornwallis in 1793. The reason
likely to turn into rentiers and their surplus income was for this is normally traced to which of the
unlikely to be productively invested in the improvement following provisions?
of the land”. The British officials viewed the same (a) Making zamindar’s position stronger vis-a-vis
condition had arisen in Bengal because of the the ryot
introduction of istmarari settlement. Therefore they (b) Making East India Company an overlord of
wanted to follow a different system of land revenue.
zamindars
Thus, the Ryotwari settlement of land revenue was
(c) Making judicial system more efficient
introduced in Bombay Deccan. Due to these drawbacks
(d) None of the (a), (b) and (c) above
it could not be extended to other regions of India.
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2011
History of Modern India 36 YCT
 Ans. (d) The reforms of Cornwallis had increased the enacted in Bengal, Bihar and Odisha, this was later
litigation and the main reason for this was that the court followed in northern Madras Presidency and the district
fee was removed and now everybody could drag of Varanasi. As per the Permanent Settlement, the
anybody to courts. The extension to right of appeal was Landlords or Zamindars were recognized as the owners
also one of the main reasons. The court fees were of the land. They were given hereditary rights of
abolished by Cornwallis. Lawyers were to prescribe succession of the lands under them. The fixed amount
their fees. Ordinary people could sue the government was 10/11th portion of the revenue for the government
servants (Indians) if they committed mistakes. Inhuman and 1/10th was for the Zamindars. This tax rate was
punishments such as cutting limbs, cutting nose and very higher than the prevailing rates in England.
ears were abolished. These are some of the reasons that 38. Who among the following recommended that
led to increased litigation. The reasons given in the Revenue Settlement should be made directly
options don’t seem to fit in the criteria of the reforms of with the cultivators?
Cornwallis. So Option (d) is correct. (a) Shore and Gibbs
36. With reference to the Colonial rule in India, what (b) Cornwallis and Munro
was sought by the Ilbert Bill in 1883? (c) Reed and Munro
(a) To bring Indians and Europeans at par as far as (d) Reed and Finch
the Criminal jurisdiction of courts was Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
concerned.
Ans. (c): The establishment of British rule in South and
(b) To impose severe restrictions on the freedom of
South-Western India brought new problems of land
the native press as it was perceived to be hostile
to colonial rulers. settlement. The officials believed that in these regions
(c) To encourage the native Indians to appear for there were no zamindars with large estates with whom
Civil Services Examinations by conducting settlement of land revenue could be made and that the
them in India. introduction of the zamindari system would upset the
(d) To allow native Indians to possess arms by existing state of affairs. Many Madras officials led by
amending Arms Act. Reed and Munro recommended that settlement should
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003 be made directly with the actual cultivators.
Ans-(a) Ilbert Bill is named after Courtenay Pergine 39. The following items consist of two statements,
Ilbert, who was appointed as legal adviser to the Statement-I and Statement-II Examine these two
Council of India. The bill was introduced in 1883 AD statements carefully and select the correct answer
by Viceroy Ripon, who actually desired to abolish the using the code given below:
racial prejudice from the Indian Penal Code and to bring Statement I : The British legal scholars relied on
Indians and Europeans at par as far as the Criminal Indian Pandits and Maulavis for understanding
jurisdiction of court was concerned. The Europeans of canons of authoritative texts.
living in India looked it as a Humiliation and the Statement II : British codified the Hindu Laws in
introduction of the bill led to intense opposition in 1783 and the Muslim Laws in 1785
Britain as well as India (by the British residents). So it (a) Both the statements are individually true and
was withdrawn and later Lord Ripon resigned. Statement II is the correct explanation of
37. Which of the following statements regarding Statement I.
Permanent Settlement is/are correct? (b) Both the statements are individually true but
1. The Permanent Settlement was introduced in Statement II is NOT the correct explanation of
parts of the Madras and Bombay Statement I
Presidencies. (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
2. The Permanent Settlement created a new (d) Statement I is false but Statement II is true
class of landlords with hereditary rights on UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2017
land. Ans-(a) The tenure of Warren Hastings (1772-85 AD)
3. The landlords created by the Permanent
is famous for judicial reforms. The British legal
Settlement could never be removed under
scholars relied on Indian pandits and maulavis for
any circumstance.
Select the correct answer using the code given understanding of canons of authoritative texts. Hastings
below: codified the Hindu laws and Muslim laws in 1783 AD
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only and 1785 AD respectively. He had established the civil
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 (diwani) and criminal courts. Collector used to be the
UPSC CDS Ist 2011 supreme authority of the civil court who used to make
Ans-(b) The Permanent Settlement also known as the decisions with the help of Indian employees. The
Permanent Settlement of Bengal was brought into effect supreme authority of the criminal court used to be an
by the East India Company headed by the Governor- Indian officer who looks after the working of criminal
General Lord Cornwallis in 1793 AD. This was court with the help of maulavis and pandits. Thus both
basically an agreement between the company and the the statements are individually true and Statement II is
Zamindars (landlords) to fix the land revenue. First the correct explanation of Statement I.

History of Modern India 37 YCT

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07.
Economic Impact of British
Government on India
1. Which of the following statements correctly 4. The first railway line in India was started
explains the impact of Industrial Revolution on between which places and when?
India during the first half of the nineteenth (a) Delhi-Agra in 1854 AD
century? (b) Bombay-Poona in 1854 AD
(a) Indian handicrafts were ruined (c) Bombay and Thane in 1853
(b) Machines were introduced in the Indian (d) None of the above
textile industry in large numbers MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1994
(c) Railway lines were laid in many parts of the
Ans-(c) Railway was introduced in India on 16 April,
country
1853 AD, when a line was constructed from Bombay to
(d) Heavy duties were imposed on the imports of
British manufactures Thane covering a distance of 34 km. The first railway
UPSC IAS (Pre) 2020 line in India was constructed during the tenure of Lord
Ans (a): Due to the industrial revolution which started Dalhousie. The first passenger train steamed out of
during early 19th century, cotton industries were Howrah station destined for Hooghly, a distance of 24
developed in England. Cotton mill owners pressurized miles on August 15, 1854.
the government to impose import duties on cotton 5. The first railway line in India was constructed
textiles so that their product could sell in Britain during the rule of which British Governor
without facing any competition from outside. At the General?
same time industrialists forced East India Company to (a) Lord Dalhousie (b) Lord Curzon
sell British manufactures goods in Indian markets as (c) Lord Wellesley (d) Lord Lytton
well. Therefore export market of cotton weavers' in BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2007-08
India collapsed and the local market shrank. The
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
imported cotton goods, produced by machines at lower
costs were so cheap that weavers could not easily 6. The first railway line in India was constructed
compete with them. between-
2. Who did complain that one third of Bengal has (a) Howrah to Serampore (b) Bombay to Thane
been transformed into "a jungle inhabitated (c) Madras to Guntur (d) Delhi to Agra
only by wild beasts" due to negative effect of UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996
land revenue? UPLower (Pre) 2003-04
(a) Lord Clive (b) Lord Cornwallis UPPCS (Pre) Opt. History 2009
(c) Warren Hastings (d) Lord Curzon Ans (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above
UPPSC ACF-RFO Main I Paper 2019 question.
Ans (c): Warren Hastings complained that one third of 7. Which company started the First Railway
Bengal has been transformed into "a jungle inhabitated Service in India?
only by wild beasts" due to negative effect of land (a) Eastern Railway
revenue. (b) Great Indian Peninsula Railway
3. After 1813, the British policy towards trade in (c) Madras Railway
India was? (d) Awadh-Tirhut Railway
(a) Restricted trade (b) One way free trade Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2010-11
(c) Two way free trade (d) Monopoly trade Ans-(b) The Great Indian Peninsula Railway started the
TS PSC Group-I & II -2017
first railway service in India which was operated
Ans. (b): The British imposed a policy of one-way free
between Bori Bandar to Thane station of Bombay in
trade in India after 1813. This allowed British
manufacturers, especially cotton textiles, to export 1853 AD.
goods to Indian markets at a nominal fee. But the 8. Which one of the following statements correctly
products of Indian textile manufactures were charged defines the term drain theory as propounded by
with heavy duties when they were exported to England. Dadabhai Naoroji?
History of Modern India 38 YCT
 (a) That the resources of the country were being Ans-(c) Dadabhai Naoroji used the phrase ‘Un-British’
utilized in the interest of Britain to criticize the British colonial control of India. In his
(b) That a part of India’s national wealth or total book "Poverty and Un-British Rule in India", he clearly
annual production was being exported to Britain highlighted India's economic dilemma during the
for which India got no material returns British rule and first rendered the theory of ‘Drain of
(c) That the British industrialists were being given Wealth’. He was the first person to be elected to British
an opportunity to invest in India under the House of Commons on the ticket of Liberal Party in
protection of the imperial power
1892 AD.
(d) That the British goods were being imported to
the country making it poorer day by day 13. The most effective contribution made by
Dadabhai Naoroji to the cause of Indian National
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1993
Movement was that he
UPSC CDS G.S. Ist 2011
Ans-(b) Dada Bhai Naoroji known as the Grand Old 1. exposed the economic exploitation of India
Man of India, brought attention to the draining of by the British
India’s wealth into Britain in his famous book ‘Poverty 2. interpreted the ancient Indian texts and
and Un-British Rule in India’ published in 1901 AD. restored the self-confidence of Indians
The ‘Drain of Wealth’ theory, primarily propounded by 3. stressed the need for eradication of all the
him, holds that a large part of India’s national wealth or social evils before anything else
total annual product was exported to England for which Which of the statements given above is/are
the Indians got no adequate returns. ‘Home Charges’ correct?
was one of the major components of the drain of wealth (a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
that included the administrative and military expenses
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
of the Indian government in Britain.
9. In which book did Dadabhai Naoraji present his IAS (Pre) G.S. 2012
'drain of wealth' theory? Ans-(a) The most effective contribution made by
(a) Economic Problems of India Dadabhai Naoroji to the cause of Indian National
(b) British Rule and its Consequences Movement was that he exposed the economic
(c) Povery and Un-British Rule in India exploitation of India by the British. He unveiled the
(d) The wants and means of India exploitative policies of the British state and said that
Haryana PSC Pre 2017 this state has been engaged in robbing India every day,
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. due to which India is becoming a poor country day by
day. In his famous book ‘Poverty and Un-British Rule
10. Who among the following is the author of
‘Poverty and Un-British Rule in India’? in India’ (1901 AD), he proved this with facts.
(a) R.C. Dutt (b) Henry Cotton 14. Who among the following leaders did not believe
(c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Dadabhai Naoroji in the drain theory of Dadabhai Naoroji?
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016 (a) B.G. Tilak (b) R.C. Dutt
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (c) M.G. Ranade (d) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
11. Who first expounded the theory of ‘economic IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
drain’ of India during the British rule? Ans-(d) The drain theory was put forward by Dadabhai
(a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy Naoroji in his book ‘Poverty and Un-British Rule in
(b) Ramesh Chanda Dutt India’. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was loyal to British for
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji the cause of Muslim upliftment. So, he did not believe
(d) Surendra Nath Banerjee in the drain theory of Dadabhai Naoroji.
West Bengal PSC (Pre) 2022 15. The following items consist of two statements;
Uttarakhand Lower (Pre) G.S. 2016 Statement-I and Statement-II. Examine these two
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1995, 2002 statements carefully and select the correct answer
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (M) 2007 using the code given below:
Uttarakhand RO/ARO, 2016 Statement I : Dadabhai Naoroji argued that what
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. was being drained out was potential surplus"
12. Who among the following used the phrase ‘Un- that could generate more economic development
British’ to criticize the British colonial control of in India if invested in India
India? Statement II : Imperialists believed that India
(a) Anandmohan Bose (b) Badruddin Tyabji was brought into the large capitalist world
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji (d) Pherozeshah Mehta market and that was in itself a progress towards
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2008 modernization
History of Modern India 39 YCT
 (a) Both the statements are individually true and Select the correct answer using the code given
Statement II is the correct explanation of below.
Statement I (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(b) Both the statements are individually true but (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
Statement II is NOT the correct explanation of IAS (Pre) G.S. 2015
Statement I
Ans-(d) Dadabhai Naoroji, R. C. Dutt, Gopal Krishna
(c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false
Gokhale, Prithvi Chandra Roy, G.B. Joshi and G.
(d) Statement I is false but Statement II is true Subramania Iyer were among those who grounded
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2017 Indian nationalism firmly on the foundation of anti-
Ans-(b) The theory of Drain of Wealth" was primarily imperialism by fashioning the world’s first economic
presented by Dadabhai Naoroji and he wrote a paper critique of colonialism before Hobson and Lenin.
called "The English Debt to India”. According to him a Dadabhai Naoroji was the first such nationalist leader of
large part of India’s national wealth or total annual modern India who exposed and certified the defective
product was exported to England for which the Indians and deadly exploitation by the British rule of Indian
got no adequate returns. Dadabhai Naoroji had said that
economy through his articles in 'Poverty and Un-British
the drain of wealth is the root cause of all evils and the
Rule in India' (1901), ‘English Debt to India’, ‘The
main cause of Indian poverty. As a result of the drain of
Wants and Means of India’ and ‘On the Commerce of
wealth, capital was not accumulated in India and the
level of living continued to decline and poverty India’ etc. The founder editor of ‘The Hindu’, G.
increased. Imperialists described this money extortion Subramanyam Iyer also conducted economic analysis of
as fair. John Strachy thought that England gets the funds colonialism through his newspaper. The author of the
from India for better administrative system and book, ‘Economic History of India,’ R. C. Dutt was a
establishment of law and justice. Thus both the famous financial expert and he also made economic
statements are individually true but Statement-II is not criticism of British colonialism.
the correct explanation of Statement-I. 18. Who had expressed the view that the ‘British
16. Consider the following statements and select the Economic’ policy in India is loathsome?
correct answer from the codes given below the (a) B.G. Tilak (b) Dadabhai Naoroji
statements: (c) Karl Marx (d) Adam Smith
Assertion [A]: Generally India had a favourable Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Mains) 2007
balance of trade during the British rule. Ans-(c) Karl Marx had expressed the view that the
Reason [R]: The drain of wealth took the form of British economic policy in India is loathsome. This will
unrequited exports. be the cause of social revolution in India. British
Codes: interference having displaced the spinners in Lancashire
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct and the weavers in Bengal are sweeping away both
explanation of (A) Hindu spinners and weavers, dissolved these small,
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the semi-barbarian, semi-civilized communities by blowing
correct explanation of (A) up their economic basis and thus produced the greatest
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false social revolution in Asia.
(d) (A) is false and (R) is true 19. During the colonial period in India, what was the
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2017 purpose of the Whitley Commission?
Ans-(d) During British era the British economically (a) To review the fitness of India for further
exploited India by making a strategy. Instead of political reforms
worrying about the people here, they forcefully imposed (b) To report on the existing conditions of labour
the economic policies on the Indians and their main aim and to make recommendations
was the interest of the British empire only. This (c) To draw up a plan for financial reforms for
exploitation policy totally paralyzed India's economic India
system. John Sullivan, the President of the Board of (d) To develop a comprehensive scheme for Civil
Revenue, Madras had wrote “Our system acts very Services in India
much like a sponge, drawing up all the good things IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003
from the banks of Ganges and squeezing them down on Ans-(b) The Whitley Commission was formed under
the bank of the Thames”. The drain of wealth took the the presidentship of J. H. Whitley in 1929 during the
form of unrequited exports. Thus (A) is false and (R) is period of Lord Irwin to suggest measures for labour
true. welfare and improvement in labour relations. In
17. Who of the following was/were economic critic/ addition to this, in 1928, the Royal Commission of
critics of colonialism in India? Agriculture was formed during his period. At the same
1. Dadabhai Naoroji 2. G. Subramania Iyer time, the report of the Royal Labor Commission was
3. R. C. Dutt published in 1931.
History of Modern India 40 YCT
20. The Indian Famine Code, 1883 was prepared by 24. Which product was not produced in the British
(a) Hunter Commission (b) Hartog Commission period?
(c) Strachey Commission (d) Indigo Commission (a) Tea (b) Opium
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015 (c) Coffee (d) Saltpetre
Ans-(c) Indian Famine Code, 1883 was prepared by Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2008
Strachey Commission. A Famine Commission under the Ans-(*) The British policy during the British rule
chairmanship of Richard Strachey was formed and included commercialization of agriculture for
during the same period Bombay, Madras, Hyderabad, production of crops according to the needs of the
Punjab and Central India suffered a heavy famine in Europe along with the revenue receipts for rural areas.
1880. For educational reforms Rippon formed an By the end of the 18th century, the crops on which the
education commission under the chairmanship of British mainly focused were indigo, raw silk, cotton,
William Hunter in 1882 AD. His recommendations opium, tea and coffee. However, during the Mughal
were limited to primary and secondary education only. period, the main items of export included Saltpetre
Special emphasis was placed on promoting women (Shora) also, which was produced till the British period.
education and private sectors in the education. It was included in the main products of their business.
21. There was no independent development of So the above all four options are correct.
industries in India during British rule because of 25. Which region of India was famous for the
the- production of opium during British period?
(a) absence of heavy industries (a) Bihar (b) South India
(b) scarcity of foreign capital (c) Gujrat (d) Assam
(c) scarcity of natural resources BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2004-05
(d) preference of the rich to invest in land Ans-(a) Bihar was mainly famous for the production of
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999 opium during British period.
Ans-(a) There was no independent development of 26. The staple commodities of export by the British
industries in India during British rule because of the East India Company from Bengal in the middle
absence of heavy industries. of the 18th century were-
22. The cause of decline of textile industries in 18th (a) raw cotton, oil-seeds and opium
century in Bengal was- (b) sugar, salt, zinc and lead
(a) decline in quality of production (c) copper, silver, gold, spices and tea
(b) non-availability of raw materials (d) cotton, silk, saltpetre and opium
(c) high tariff on exports to Britain IAS (Pre) G.S. 2018
(d) non-availability of craftsmen Ans-(d) During the period 1780–1860 India changed
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2003-04 from an exporter of processed goods paid for in billions
Ans-(c) There are several causes responsible for decline to an exporter of raw materials and a buyer of
of textile industries in Bengal during 18th century- manufactured goods. In the 1750s, fine cotton and silk
(i) High tariff on the goods exporting to Britain. was exported from India to markets in Europe, Asia,
(ii) Imposing the free trade system on India. and Africa, while by the second quarter of the 19th
(iii) Export of raw materials from India. century, raw materials, which mainly consisted of raw
cotton, opium, saltpetre and indigo, accounted for most
(iv) Taxes on import and export of Indian goods.
of India's exports.
(v) Binding on Indian craftsmen to give their secrets.
27. What were the most important things to export
(vi) Competition of cotton goods from Lancashire and
from Bengal in the first half of the 18th century?
Manchester.
(a) cotton, sugar, jute, copper
23. Which of the following statements is not correct?
(b) copper, steel, salt, raw silk
(a) India ‘was a colony of Britain till 1947.
(c) horses, salt, sugar, silk
(b) The Indian economy stagnated-during British
(d) saltpetre, raw silk, sugar, opium
rule.
(c) India was a supplier of manufactured goods UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006
during British rule. Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(d) India was a supplier of raw materials during 28. Which one of the following statements about the
British rule. Colonial economy is NOT correct?
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. IInd 2013 (a) The British presence inhibited indigenous
Ans-(c) The British India was a supplier of raw capitalism
materials, not a supplier of manufactured goods. Thus (b) Laissez-faire actively promoted indigenous
option (c) is the correct answer. capitalism

History of Modern India 41 YCT

 (c) The ‘white collective monopoly' came earliest AD, the Indian cotton industries were the most
and remained most pronounced in Eastern India developed in the world. As a result of the industrial
(d) The Bombay hinterland was difficult to revolution, industrialization began in European
penetrate before the construction of railways countries and production began to grow simultaneously.
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2017 But the de-industrialization started in India after that
Ans-(b) Under the colonial economy, the promotion of period. Due to Napoleon Bonaparte’s Continental
financial capitalism resulted in the beginning of the System in Europe (which prohibited the import of
period of de-industrialization in India. Laissez-faire British goods into French allies in Europe) the British
actively did not promote indigenous capitalism rather traders and merchants suffered. So they demanded that
than decline of Indian traditional handicraft industries they have to be given a share in the British trade in Asia
which had the worst side effect. India’s economy came and dissolve the monopoly of the East India Company.
under the control of most foreign economies. The The company objected to this. Finally, British
Bombay hinterland was difficult to penetrate before the merchants were allowed to trade in India under a strict
construction of railways. license system under the Charter Act of 1813. The
degradation of traditional handicrafts industry in India
29. The term “Imperial Preference” was applied to resulted in the accumulation of British goods in Indian
the- markets because Indian handicrafts could not compete with
(a) special privileges on British imports in India cheap British merchandise. So both statements are true.
(b) racial discrimination by the Britishers 32. Prior to 1813, which among the following
(c) subordination of Indian interest to that of the measures was not adopted by the British to
British exploit the Indians economically?
(d) preference given to British political agents over (a) Monopolising the trade of raw goods wherever
Indian Princes possible and selling them at high rates
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999 (b) Forcing Indian craftmen to produce quality
Ans-(a) The term 'Imperial Preference' was used to give products in fixed quantity and at fixed price
preference to goods produced in the British empire as (c) Free trade policy
compared to Japan and other European competitors in (d) Elimination of Indian traders from competition
India. by every means
30. Who presented his alone report as a member of UPSC CDS G.S. Ist 2010
Indian Industries Commission in 1918? Ans-(c) Prior to 1813 AD ,British adopted policies to
(a) M.R. Jaikar exploit the Indians economically such as- monopoly on
(b) Motilal Nehru raw merchandise and selling them at higher rates,
(c) C.R. Das compelling Indian craftsmen to produce quality
(d) Madan Mohan Malviya products at fixed prices etc. They never used free trade
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2010 policy.
Ans-(a) M.R. Jaikar was moderate leader of Congress. 33. “Mercantilist, Free Trade Mercantile
He became the member of Indian Industries Capitalism and Finance Imperialism are three
Commission constituted in 1918. Being impressed from successive phases of British Colonialism.” The
the condition of Indian industrialists, he presented his theory was first formulated by whom?
separate report. It was formed to find out means for (a) Karl Marx
giving encouragement for the growth of Indian (b) Dadabhai Naoroji
Industries. (c) R.C. Dutt
31. Which of the following statement (s) is/are (d) B.R. Ambedkar
correct about de-industrialization? OPSC Pre-2020
1. This process started in 1813 Ans. (a): Mercantilism was an economic policy that
2. The end of the trade union monopolies of the was designed to maximize exports and minimize
East India Company accelerated the process. imports for an economy.
Choose the correct answer from the code given • It was popular economic theory of the imperialistic
below- Era of the 19th and 20th centuries.
Code: • Marx proposed the theory of “Mercantilism. Free
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only Trade Mercantile Capitalism and Finance
(c) 1 and 2 both (d) neither 1 nor 2 Imperialism are three successive phases of British
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017 Colonialism.”
Ans-(c) As a result of the British rule in India, all the 34. The only major industry in the hands of Indian
policies and programs of the Indian economy began to capitalists during the late Nineteenth century
be formed in line with colonial interests. Since 1800 was:
History of Modern India 42 YCT
 (a) Cotton textile (b) Jute 1934 A.D. Distinction Lord
(c) Iron and Steel (d) None of these draw between Wellington
OPSC Pre-2020 Perennial
(maximum
Ans. (a): The only major industry in the hands of Indian
limit 9
capitalists during the late nineteenth century was cotton
hours/day) and
textile.
Seasonel
• The first cotton textile mill was set up in 1818 at factories
Fort Gloster near Calcutta but it was a commercial (maximum
failure. limit of 11
Large scale production of cotton started in Mumbai hours/day)
in 1854. Factories
35. How many working hours per day had been divided into 4
fixed for adult male labourers by the Indian categories
Factory Act, 1911 A.D.? Adult Males,
(a) Eight horse (b) Ten hours Adult females,
(c) Twelve hours (d) Fourteen hours Adolescence
(15-17) and
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I
children (12-
Ans. (c): 15).
Indian Main features Ruling Period 1949 A.D. Increased Lord Wavell
Factory Act minimum of
1881 A.D. Prohibited less Lord Ripon children from
than 7 year 12 to 14 years
child for working hours
working, 4 not more than
days vacation 48 hours a
in a month week.
36. Economically, one of the results of the British
1891 A.D. One day Lord rule in the 19th century was the
vacation in a Lansdown (a) increase in the export of Indian handicrafts
week (b) growth in the number of Indian owned factories
Prohibited less (c) commercialization of the Indian agriculture
than 9 years (d) rapid increase in the urban population
Child for IAS (Pre) G.S. 2018
working, Ans-(c) Economically the results of the British rule
working period during the 19th century were as follows-
11 hours in a (i) De-industrialization and decline of Indian handicraft
day. industry.
1911 A.D. Certification of Lord Hardinge (ii) Growing poverty of farmers.
children's age (iii) The destruction of old landlords (Zamindars) and
was required rise of the new landowner (Zamindari) system.
and for Adult (iv) Commercialization of Indian agriculture.
male working (v) Development of modern industries.
hour 12 hours (vi) Economic development policies of British
government led to famine and poverty.
1922 A.D. The minimum Lord Reading
In the second half of the 19th century, there was an
age for important change by commercialization in Indian
children raised agriculture. Prior to this, agriculture was a way of living
to 12 and the and not a commercial commodity. During this period
working hours some special crops were produced for national and
of children international markets, not for self use. The production
between ages of peanuts, sugarcane, jute, cotton, oilseeds, tobacco,
12-15 had to spices, fruits and vegetables increased and in
work for elders commercial areas like tea, coffee, rubber and indigo,
12 hours/day commercialization of agriculture reached its climax.
and 60 The benefits of commercialization of agriculture came
hours/week. to the middlemen but the farmers had no benefit.
History of Modern India 43 YCT

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08.
Freedom Struggle of 1857
1. The well-known Urdu poet Mirza Ghalib was the In the light of the above statements, choose the
original resident of- most appropriate answer from the options
(a) Agra (b) Delhi given below:
(c) Lahore (d) Lucknow (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2002
Ans-(a) Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan also known as (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are
Mirza Ghalib (1797-1869) was the resident of Agra. He incorrect
was the prominent Urdu poet in the courtyard of (c) Statement I is correct and Statement II in
Bahadur Shah Zafar during the 18th century who mainly incorrect
wrote his prose and verses in Persian language but his (d) Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is
everlasting fame rests on his poetry in Urdu. ‘Diwan-e- correct
Ghalib’ is one among his famous works.
2. About Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar, it Himachal PSC (Pre) 2023
was said that his empire extended from Ans. (d) : James Outram observed that the 1857 revolt
(a) Chandni Chowk to Palam was a Muslim conspiracy to overthrow the British from
(b) Delhi to Bihar India. Thus statement-I is incorrect
(c) Peshawar to Bihar
5. Who among the following called the Revolt of
(d) Peshawar to Varanasi
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above 1857 as a ‘national uprising’?
64th BPSC (Pre) 2018-19 (a) T.R. Holmes
Ans : (e) Bahadur Shah II is also known as Bahadur (b) Sir John Lawrence
Shah Zafar. He was the last ruler of Mughal Empire. (c) Benjamine Disraeli
The revolt of 1857 was fought under his leadership. The (d) Sir John Outram
British suppressed the revolt and Bahadur Shah Zafar
was expelled to Rangoon, Burma, where he died. His UPPSC APO 2022
tenure was from 1837 to 1857. He was the second son Ans.(c): Benjamine Disraeli, a leader of conservative
of Akbar Shah II and Lal Bai. His actual reign was party remarked the revolt of 1857 as a national uprising.
confined to Lal Quila. About Bahadur Shah Zafar, it
6. Which one of the following (Place of the revolt of
was said that his empire extended from Chandni Chowk
to Palam. 1857 – Start of rebellion) is not correctly
3. By the Queen’s proclamation on 1st November, matched?
1858, the administration of India was (a) Jhansi–11 May, 1857
transferred from English East India Company (b) Barrack–29 March, 1857
to (c) Lucknow–4 June, 1857
(a) British Crown (b) Governor General (d) Meerut–10 May, 1857
(c) Viceroy (d) Court of Directors
Mizoram PSC (CCE) Pre-2017 UPPCS (Pre) 2023
Ans. (a): By the Queen’s proclamation on 1st Ans. (a) : The Revolt of 1857 reached Jhansi on 4-5
November, 1858, the administration of India was June, 1857 and that of Lucknow in 25 May, 1857. But
transferred from English East India Company to British the commission has accepted option (a) as not correctly
Crown; a member of British Parliament was made matched.
Secretary of State of India to exercise powers on behalf 7. Who was the leader of rebellion in Bareilly,
of the crown and was responsible to British Parliament.
The British government took over the administrative Uttar Pradesh during 1857?
control over India from the East India Company. India (a) Nana Saheb (b) Kunwar Singh
came under the control of the British Crown directly. (c) Hazarat Mahal (d) Khan Bahadur Khan
4. Given below are two statements: UPPCS (Pre) 2023
Statement I : The 1857 Revolt was a war of Ans. (d) The correct match is as follows :-
fanatic religionists" – Statement By Sir James Leader Place of Revolt
Outram.
Nana Saheb Kanpur
Statement II: "The so called First National War
Kunwar Singh Jagdishpur, Bihar
of Independence of 1857– is neither first, nor
National, nor a war of Independence." – Statement Hazarat Mahal Lucknow
by R.C. Majumdar. Khan Bahadur Khan Bareilly

History of Modern India 44 YCT

8. Consider the following regarding the Revolt of (c) The beneficiaries of the new revenue policies
1857. were also not satisfied
1. Indore troops had joined the Revolt against (d) All of these
the wish of their king. OPSC Pre-2020
2. Mangal Pandey was executed at Meerut. Ans. (d): Economic, social, political, military and
3. Tantia Tope was active both at Kanpur and religious causes were responsible for the revolt of 1857.
Jhanshi. But the immediate cause was the introduction of the
4. Sindhia sought refuge from the British at Enfield Rifle. Economic factor are given as-
Agra. • Discontent among the Zamindars and a New Land
Which of the following are correct? Revenue System.
(a) 1,3 and 4 (b) 2, 3 and 4 • Economic exploitation of all sections.
(c) Only 3 and 4 (d) Only l and 4 • Destruction of Indian Manufactures
Odisha PSC (Pre) 2023 • Inordinately high revenue demands
Ans. (c) : Indore troops had joined the revolts with their • The revenue policies not only uprooted the ordinary
king maharaja Tukoji Rao Holkar-II, who was an peasants but also destroyed the gentry of the country.
officer in the cavalry unit. • The beneficiaries of the new revenue policies were
Mangal Pandey was executed at Barrackpore. also not satisfied.
Tatya Tope was a notable commander of the India 12. What was the immediate cause of the revolt of
Rebellion of 1857. He was active both at Kanpur and 1857 in India?
Jhansi. Sindhia sought refuge from the British at Agra. (a) Lord Dalhousie’s Doctrine of Lapse
Hence, statement 1 & 2 are incorrect whole statement 3 (b) Suspicion about interference of British in religion
& 4 are correct. (c) Military discontent
9. Where was Jhansi Ki Rani Laxmibai died? (d) Economic exploitation of India
(a) Kanpur (b) Gwalior RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 1993
(c) Jhansi (d) Lucknow Ans-(b) Suspicion about interference of British in
(e) None of the above/More than one of the religion was the immediate cause of the revolt of 1857
above in India. The top of cartridge of Enfield Rifle was to be
removed by the mouth before loading it. The cartridges
67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021
were greased by the fat of the pig and the cow. The
Ans. (b) : Rani Lakshmi Bai was the queen of the Indian sepoys believed that the British were deliberately
princely sate of Jhansi, which is located on the northern attempting to spoil the religion.
side of India. She was one of the most leading
13. Queen Victoria’s manifesto was read out in
personalities of the first war of India's independence Allahabad on 1 November, 1858 by-
that started in 1857. Rani Lakshmibai died while (a) Lord William Bentinck
fighting in Gwalior *(Jhansi) on 18th June 1858, aged (b) Lord Canning
23. She was dressed as a soldier when she died. (c) Lord Burnham
10. Who mobilised the villagers of pargana Baraut (d) Sir Harcourt Butler
in Uttar Pradesh to join the 1857 revolt? UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001
(a) Gonoo (b) Shah Mal Ans-(b) Lord Canning read out the manifesto of Queen
(c) Peshwa Baji Rao (d) Nana Sahib Victoria in a special durbar held by him at Allahabad on
J & K PSC 2021 Paper-(I) November 1, 1858. It declared the transfer of power
Ans. (b): Shah Mal mobilised the villagers of pargana from the company to the British monarch and Lord
Baraut (town of Baghpat) in Uttar Pradesh to join the 1857 Canning was declared as the first Viceroy of India.
revolt. He led the Jats of Baraut in revolt against the East 14. Queen's Proclamation of 1858 was read by
India Company. Shah Mal captured 500 head of cattle in Lord Canning in a special durbar at
June 1857, attracting escaped convicts and other locals, (a) Delhi (b) Calcutta
and forming a militia. British troops came under attack on (c) Lucknow (d) Allahabad
July 18 when they entered the Baraut settlement. UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I
Shah Mal was killed in battle in July 1857. Ans. (d) : Kindly Refer the explanation of above
question.
11. The main reason for the peasants to join the
1857 Revolt was: 15. Where from the Revolution of 1857 started
first-
(a) Inordinately high revenue demands
(a) Lucknow (b) Allahabad
(b) The revenue policies not only uprooted the (c) Jhansi (d) Meerut
ordinary peasants but also destroyed the (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
gentry of the country. 66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre)
History of Modern India 45 YCT
Ans. (d): The revolt of 1857 began on 10 May 1857 in Ans-(c) Babu Kunwar Singh of Jagdishpur, from
the form of a sepoys mutiny of the company's army in district Shahbaad, led the 1857 revolt in Bihar. Kunwar
the garrison town of Meerut. Soon it spread to Delhi, died on April 26, 1858 and after that the revolt was led
Agra, Kanpur and Lucknow. by his brother Amar Singh. Kunwar Singh influenced
16. Which of the following statements is/are the areas outside of Bihar like Rohtas, Mirzapur,
correct regarding the nature of the event of Reewa, Banda and Lucknow by his revolt. He died
1857? during an encounter with the British forces.
(1) Ashok Mehta had called it a planned war. 19. Where did Kunwar Singh join the Rebellion of
(2) VD Savarkar calls it a war of 1857 against the British?
Independence. (a) Arrah (b) Patna
(3) P Roberts calls it a Sepoy Mutiny. (c) Bettah (d) Varanasi
(4) Dr. S N Sen says that it began as a fight for 64th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2018-19
religion and ended as the people's war. Ans-(a) Kunwar Singh was a leader during the Indian
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1, 2, 3 and 4 Rebellion of 1857. He was the main organiser of the
(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 4 only fight against the British in Bihar. He was nearly 80
Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I years when he took charge of the sepoys who were
Ans. (b): The Revolt of 1857 was a major uprising in stationed at Danapur on 25 July, 1857. On 27th July,
India during 1857-58 against the British regime, but it Singh and his troops laid siege to the district
was unsuccessful and was suppressed by the British headquarters at Arrah. He held it till 3rd August when
East India Company. The Revolt of 1857 in Indian British officer Major Vincent Eyre took Arrah back.
History was a landmark event. It is also known as the 20. Who among the following led the sepoy Mutiny
first war of independence. Different historians described in Bihar?
it differently- (a) Kunwar Singh (b) Bhakt Khan
• V.D Savarkar called 1857 revolt as first war of Indian (c) Ahmedulla (d) Mangal Pandey
Independence. Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
• Dr. S.N. Sen describes it as "having begun as a fight Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above
for religion but ended as a war of Independence." question.
• Dr. R.C. Majumdar considers it as neither the first 21. Who among the following called Sepoy Mutiny
nor national, nor a war of Independence. as a national revolt not a military mutiny?
• P. Roberts calls it a Sepoy Mutiny . (a) William Finch (b) Benjamin Disraeli
• Ashok Mehta describe the revolt of 1857 as a planned (c) John Mayor (d) J.W. Rose
war of national independence. Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
17. “In this instance we could not play off the Ans. (b): British member of Parliament Benjamin
Mohammedans against the Hindus.” To which Disraeli admitted the revolt of 1857 as a National
one of the following events did this remark of Revolt. Benjamin Disraeli was the leader of the
Atchinson relate? Conservative Party and the opposition leader in the
(a) Revolt of 1857 House of Commons.
(b) Champaran Satyagraha (1917) 22. Which one of the following upheavals took place
(c) Khilafat and Non-Cooperation Movement (1919 in Bengal immediately after the Revolt of 1857?
− 22) (a) Sanyasi Rebellion
(d) August Movement of 1942 (b) Santhal Rebellion
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2000 (c) Indigo Disturbances
Ans-(a) The role of Hindu-Muslim unity in the revolt (d) Pabna Disturbances
was indirectly acknowledged later by Atchinson, a IAS (Pre) G.S. 1994
senior British official, when he bitterly lamented: “In Haryana PSC Pre 2014
this instance we could not play off the Mohammedans Ans-(c) The revolt of 1857 was followed by the Indigo
against the Hindus.” Lord Canning himself recognized Revolt started by the peasants of Bengal. This revolt
the nature of the rising: “The struggle which we had has was started from Govindpur village of Nadia district in
been more like a national war than a local insurrection.” Bengal, in 1859-60. The revolt was led by 'Digamber
18. Who led the 1857 revolt in Bihar? Vishwas and Vishnu Vishwas. The revolt was described
(a) Babu Amar Singh in 'Patriot' the magazine edited by Harishchandra
(b) Hare Krishna Singh Mukherji and in 'Neel Darpan' a play written by
(c) Kunwar Singh Deenbandhu. It was the most broad and combative
(d) Raja Shahzada Singh revolt among the peasant revolts which had taken place
till then. The Peasants of Bengal who wanted to
65th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019
History of Modern India 46 YCT
cultivate rice in their fields, were compelled to grow Ans. (c) Lord Canning (1856-1862) was the Governor-
Indigo and in case of denying they would have to face General of India during the revolt of 1857. He was the
brutal consequences of the Indigo planters. Indigo last Governor-General of the East India Company in
Commission issued a report on November 1860, stating India and first Viceroy appointed by the British
that no ryots could be compelled to cultivate Indigo and Government. The Widow Remarriage Act, 1856 and
all disputes would be settled by legal procedure. Indian High Court Act, 1861 which established High
Major revolts and their timeline. Courts in Bombay, Calcutta and Madras was passed
Sanyasi Revolt 1770-1820 during his tenure. During the period of revolt of 1857,
Kol revolt 1831-1832 Lord Palmerston was the Prime Minister of Britain.
Santhal Revolt 1855-1856 26. Who was the Governor-General of India during
Indigo Revolt 1859-1860 the Sepoy Mutiny?
Pabna Revolt 1873-1876 (a) Lord Canning (b) Lord Dalhousie
Deccan Revolt 1874-1875 (b) Lord Hardinge (d) Lord Lytton
23. Which of the following aspects of the revolt of IAS (Pre) G.S. 2006
1857 is not correct? UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012
(a) It had a diverse social participation UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2013
(b) It was enthusiastically supported by the BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2015
educated elite everywhere Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2016
(c) It was great symbol of communal unity Ans-(a) Kindly Refer the explanation of above
(d) It was limited only to northern India question.
Haryana PCS Pre 2017 27. Who was the British Prime Minister during the
Ans-(b) Starting from Meerut, the revolt of 1857 began revolt of 1857?
to spread in other parts of the country and emerged in (a) Churchill (b) Palmerston
its drastic form in modern Uttar Pradesh which was (c) Attlee (d) Gladstone
famous with the name of North-West Frontier and UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991
Awadh at that time. The revolt did not effect the Ans-(b) Kindly Refer the explanation of above
southern part of the country except a few of this part. question.
The intellectual class did not take part in this revolt. The 28. Who has made Allahabad the emergency
revolt had neither an organised planning nor a programme, headquarters in 1857?
so, it remained unorganised and confined to some (a) Lord Canning
particular places. The British government was helped by (b) Lord Cornwallis
the rulers of Patiala, Gwalior and Hyderabad in order to (c) Lord Wellesley
supress the revolt. In the absence of the participation of all (d) Lord William Bentinck
classes of society, the revolt failed. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2005
Ans-(a) Lord Canning had made Allahabad as
24. Nana Saheb, who fought against the British
emergency headquarters during the revolt of 1857. The
during the Indian Mutiny of 1857, was:
rebellion in Allahabad started in June, 1857 and Maulvi
(a) The son of Peshwa Baji Rao III
Liaquat Ali led the revolt. He was declared as the
(b) The adopted son of Peshwa Baji Rao II
Subedar of the district. General Neill crushed the revolt
(c) A soldier in the army of Nawab of Awadh
in Allahabad.
(d) Relation to the Raja of Banaras
29. Mangal Pandey was the sepoy of-
(Himachal PSC (Pre) 2016) (a) 19th Native Infantry (b) 25th Native Infantry
Ans-(b) Nana Saheb born as Dhondu Pant was an th
(c) 49 Native Infantry (d) 94th Native Infantry
Indian Peshwa of the Maratha empire, aristocrat and UPPSC Revenue Inspector Exam 2014
fighter who led the rebellion in Kanpur during the 1857 Ans-(*) Mangal Pandey was the sepoy of 34th Bengal
uprising. As the adopted son of the exiled Maratha Native Infantry. He is considered to be the forerunner of
Peshwa Bajirao II, Nana Saheb believed that he was the first freedom struggle of 1857. He was a Brahmin
entitled to a pension from the East India Company. The soldier of the army of the company established in
company's refusal to continue the pension after his Barrackpore. None of the given option is correct
fathers death compelled him to revolt and seek regarding the question. He was reviled as the "Butcher
independence from company rule in India. of Allahabad' by the Indians.
25. Who was the Governor-General of India during 30. In which of the following year was the Enfield
the revolt of 1857? rifle introduced in India?
(a) Lord Dalhousie (b) Lord Minto (a) 1852 (b) 1853
(c) Lord Canning (d) Lord Bentinck (c) 1854 (d) 1856
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2004-05 BPSC (Pre) 2004-05
History of Modern India 47 YCT
Ans-(d) Enfield rifle P53 was introduced to Indian Ans. (c) The revolt of 1857 at Kanpur started on June 5,
troops under British rule in 1856. The Enfield rifle- 1857 and Nana Saheb (born as Dhondu Pant) the
musket was a immediate cause of 1857 revolt. adopted son of Peshwa Bajirao-II led the revolt here.
31. Where did Mangal Pandey first get to know from Nana Saheb was supported by Commander-in-Chief
a soldier that the cartridge used in the Enfield Tatya Tope heartedly. He was the Commander-in-Chief
rifle is smoothed with fat of cow and pig? of the rebel army of Shivrajpur. The real name of Tatya
(a) Calcutta (b) Dumdum Tope was Ramchandra Pandurang. He was betrayed by
(c) Ambala (d) Barrackpore a traitor namely Man Singh and sentenced on April 18,
UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006 1859.
Ans-(d) On March 29, 1857, Mangal Pandey, a sepoy 37. With reference to the ‘revolt of 1857’ who of the
of the 34th Bengal Native Infantry (BNI) mutinied following was betrayed by a ‘friend’, captured
against his commanding officers of the East India and put to death by the British?
Company. The Company decided to use new Enfield (a) Nana Sahib (b) Kunwar Singh
rifle instead of old Brown Bess gun in December, 1856. (c) Khan Bahadur Khan (d) Tatya Tope
In February 1857, there was some tension in the IAS (Pre) G.S. 2006
19th Bengal Native Infantry because of fears that the Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
cartridges of the Enfield P-53 rifle which was to be 38. The real name of which one of the following
introduced to the army that year, contained grease made leaders of 1857 was ‘Ram Chandra Pandurang’?
from the fat of cows and pigs. This was offensive to (a) Kunwar Singh (b) Tatya Tope
both Hindus and Muslims. He first get to know from a (c) Nana Saheb (d) Mangal Pandey
soldier at Barrackpore that the cartridges used in the UP UDA/LDA (Pre) G.S. 2010
Enfield rifle is smoothed with the fats of cow and pig. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
On April 8, 1857 Mangal Pandey was hanged to death 39. Azimullah Khan was an advisor to-
for attacking his officers in Barrackpore. (a) Nana Saheb (b) Tatya Tope
32. With which uprising is Mangal Pandey (c) Rani Laxmi Bai (d) Kunwar Singh
associated? Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2014-15
(a) Barrackpore (b) Meerut Ans-(a) Azimullah Khan also known as ‘Krantidoot’
(c) Delhi (d) None of the above was an advisor of Nana Saheb. He worked as the
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2010 secretary to Nana Saheb.
Ans-(a) Kindly Refer the explanation of above 40. Which one of the following places did Kunwar
question. Singh, a prominent leader of the Revolt of 1857
33. Mangal Pandey incident took place at: belong to?
(a) Meerut (b) Barrackpore (a) Bihar (b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) Ambala (d) Lucknow (c) Rajasthan (d) Uttar Pradesh
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2002-03 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005
Ans-(b) Kindly Refer the explanation of above Ans-(a) Kunwar Singh was a landlord of Jagdishpur
question. located in Arrah district of Bihar. He was one of the
34. When was the new Enfield rifle with greased main leaders of the revolt of 1857. When the people
cartridges introduced in the British Army? from all parts of India rose against British authority in
(a) November, 1856 (b) December, 1856 1857, Babu Kunwar Singh was nearly 80 years old. He
(c) January, 1857 (d) February, 1857 was the leader against the British in Bihar. He assumed
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2004-05 command of the soldiers who had revolted at Danapur
Ans-(b) Kindly Refer the explanation of above on July 5, 1857. Two days later he occupied Arrah, the
question. district headquarters. In March, 1858 he occupied
35. At the time of 1857- Revolt who was the British Azamgarh. However he had to leave the place soon. On
Commanding Officer at Barrackpore? April 23 he had a victory near Jagdishpur over the
(a) Henry Lawrence (b) Colonel Finnis forces led by Captain Le Grand, but the following day
(c) Hearsey (d) Sir Hugh Wheeler he died in his village.
UPPCS Revenue Inspector Exam 2014 41. Who spearheaded the 1857 Revolt in Bihar?
Ans-(c) Lieutenant General Sir John Bennet Hearsey (a) Nana saheb
was the commanding officer during the revolt of 1857 (b) Tatya Tope
in Barrackpore. He had earlier, fought in the 3rd (c) Kunwar Singh
Maratha War (1816-1819) against Pindaris. (d) Maulavi Ahmadullah
36. Who was the ‘commander-in-chief’ of Nana (e) None of the above/More than one of the
Saheb? above
(a) Azim Ullah (b) Birjish Qadir 66th BPSC 2020(pre)
(c) Tatya Tope (d) None of the above Ans. (c) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2008 question.
History of Modern India 48 YCT
42. Which person of Jagdishpur took the lead of 49. Who was the leader of 1857 struggle for freedom
revolutionaries during the revolt of 1857 AD? in Lucknow?
(a) Kunwar Singh (b) Chandra Shekhar (a) Zeenat Mahal (b) Nana Saheb
(c) Tirath Singh (d) Ram Singh (c) Hazrat Mahal (d) Tatya Tope
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2007-08 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2007-08
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2009-10
43. The leader of revolt of 1857 in Bihar was- UPPCS (Pre) Re-Exam G.S. 2015
(a) Maulvi Ahmadullah (b) Tatya Tope Ans-(c) The revolt of 1857 in Lucknow (ancient Oudh)
(c) Nana Sahib (d) Kunwar Singh started on June 4, 1857 where the mutiny was led by
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2007-08 Begum Hazrat Mahal. She enthroned her minor son
BPSC (Pre) 1997-98 Birjis Qadir as majestic heir and took the charge of the
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. affairs of the State of Oudh (Awadh). Later on March
44. Kunwar Singh led the revolt of 1857 in- 21, 1858 British General Campbell re-annexed
(a) Punjab (b) Bengal Lucknow with the help of Gorkha regiment. Begum
(c) Bihar (d) Maharashtra Hazrat Mahal is also known as ‘Mahak Pari’. As the
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002 revolt of 1857 was surpressed by the British, Begum
Hazrat Mahal was compelled to escape to Nepal.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
50. Which among the following British officers lost
45. The king of Jagdishpur was-
their lives at Lucknow?
(a) Nana Saheb (b) Tatya Tope
1. General John Nicholson
(c) Lakshmi Bai (d) Kunwar Singh
2. General Neil
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1999
3. Major Havelock
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
4. Sir Henry Lawrence
46. The centre of 1857 revolt in Bihar from 15 July, Select the correct answer from the code given
1857 to 20 January, 1858 was- below-
(a) Rampur (b) Hamirpur (a) 1,2 and 3 (b) 1,3 and 4
(c) Dheerpur (d) Jagdishpur (c) 2,3 and 4 (d) All of the above
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1999 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2008
Ans-(d) The centre of the revolt of 1857 was Jagdishpur Ans-(c) From the above mentioned names General Neil,
in Bihar between July 15, 1857 to January 20, 1858 Major Havlock and Sir Henry Lawrence had lost their
where Zamindar Kunwar Singh led and established his lives at Lucknow whereas General John Nicholson died
own government. The revolt of 1857 in Bihar was suppressing the revolt in Delhi.
suppressed by Commissioner of Patna William Taylor 51. Which of the following name is not associated
and Major Vincent Eyre. with the revolt of 1857?
47. Who led the revolt of 1857 in Bihar? (a) Colonel Saint Leger
(a) Khan Bahadur Khan (b) Kunwar Singh (b) Lieutenant Colonel Gibbs
(c) Tatya Tope (d) Rani Ram Kunwari (c) Colonel Wallace
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1997-98 (d) All of the above
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(*) None of the above mentioned names are
48. Who of the following was the bitterest enemy of associated with the revolt of 1857. Some important
the British during the Revolt of 1857? centers, leaders and the British suppressors related to
(a) Maulvi Ahmadullah Shah the revolt of 1857 are as follows-
(b) Maulvi Imadadullah Centre Associated Leaders British Suppressors
(c) Maulana Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi Delhi Bahadur Shah-II, John Nicholson
(d) Nawab Liaquat Ali Bakt Khan
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002 Kanpur Nana Saheb, Colin Campbell
Ans-(a) Maulvi Ahmadullah Shah basically the resident Azimullan Khan,
of Arcot (Tamil Nadu) but resided in Faizabad was the Tatya Tope
bitterest enemy of the British during the revolt of 1857. Lucknow Begum Hazrat Mahal, Collin Campbell
He led the revolt of 1857 in Faizabad. The British Birjis Qadir
government had announced a reward of Rs. 50000 on Jhansi Rani Lakshmi Bai General Hugh Rose
his arrest. The British considered him as a worthy Jagdishpur, Kunwar Singh William Taylor and
enemy and a great warrior in following words “as a man Arrah Vincent Eyre
of great abilities of undaunted courage stern determination Allahabad Liaqat Ali Colonel Neil
and by far the best soldier among the rebels”. Faizabad Maulvi Ahmadullah Colonel Neil

History of Modern India 49 YCT

52. Which of the following persons had Code:
participated actively in the Revolt of 1857? A B C D
(a) Nana Saheb (Kanpur) (a) 1 2 4 3
(b) Begum Hazrat Mahal (Lucknow) (b) 1 2 3 4
(c) Maulavi Ahmadullah (Faizabad) (c) 2 1 4 3
(d) Begum Zeenat Mahal (Delhi) (d) 2 1 3 4
(e) None of the above/More than one of the UP RO/ARO (Pre) G.S. 2016
above Ans-(d) The correct matching is as follows-
66th BPSC 2020(pre) List-I List-II
Ans. (e) : Kindly refer the explanation of above (Name of the Revolutionaries) (Place)
question. Nana Saheb Kanpur
Nawab Hamid Ali Khan Delhi
53. Match List-I with the List-II and select the
Maulvi Ahmadullah Lucknow
correct answer by using the code given below:
Mani Ram Diwan Assam
List-I List-II
56. Who among the following was the leader of the
A. Jhansi 1. Maulvi Ahmed Shah
revolt of 1857 in Bareilly?
B. Lucknow 2. Azimullah Khan
(a) Khan Bahadur (b) Kunwar Singh
C. Kanpur 3. Begum Hazrat Mahal
(c) Maulvi Ahmad Shah (d) Birjis Qadir
D. Faizabad 4. Rani Lakshmibai
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998
Code:
Ans-(a) Khan Bahadur Khan led the revolt of 1857 in
A B C D
Bareilly and declared himself as the Nawab. He was the
(a) 4 3 2 1
prominent leader of Rohilkhand. He organized a troop
(b) 4 2 3 1
of 40 thousand soldiers and fought with the Britishers.
(c) 3 4 2 1
He was appointed as the Viceroy by Bahadur Shah-II.
(d) 1 2 3 4
He equally treated Hindu and Muslims and reflected his
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2010
able administratorship. Campbell suppressed the revolt
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
in Bareilly and Khan Bahadur Khan was sentenced with
54. Match List-I (leaders of the revolt of 1857) with death penalty.
List-II (their areas of operation)
57. The first war of Independence (1857) started
A. Bakht Khan 1. Awadh from-
B. Maulvi Ahmadullah 2. Kanpur (a) Calcutta (b) Delhi
C. Kunwar Singh 3. Arrah (c) Jhansi (d) Meerut
D. Nana Saheb 4. Delhi UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994
Code: Ans-(d) The first war of independence also called the
A B C D revolt of 1857 or the Indian rebellion of 1857 started on
(a) 3 1 2 4 May 10, 1857 from Meerut when sepoys openly
(b) 3 2 4 1 revolted and refused to use the new rifle cartridges. The
(c) 4 1 3 2 sepoys left Meerut and moved to Delhi. General Hewett
(d) 4 3 1 2 had not tried to stop them. However General Vilobi
(e) 2 4 1 3 resisted but he got defeated. Mughal emperor Bahadur
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2014 Shah Zafar was declared as emperor of India. Slowly
Ans-(c) The correct match is as follows :- this revolt spread out in Delhi, Banaras, Allahabad,
Leaders Areas Kanpur, Bareilly, Jhansi, Awadh, Jagdishpur (Bihar).
Bakht Khan Delhi 58. The revolt of 1857 started from-
Maulvi Ahmadullah Awadh (a) Delhi (b) Meerut
Kunwar Singh Arrah (c) Jhansi (d) Kanpur
Nana Saheb Kanpur Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) G.S. 2004-05
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
55. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
59. Who amongst the following was the leader of the
answer using the code given below the list:
1857 uprising at Allahabad?
List-I List-II (a) Nana Saheb (b) Azimullah
(Name of the Revolutionaries) (Place) (c) Tatya Tope (d) Maulvi Liyaqat Ali
A. Nana Saheb 1. Delhi UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015
B. Nawab Hamid Ali Khan 2. Kanpur Ans.(d) The revolt of 1857 started during the tenure of
C. Maulvi Ahmad Ullah 3. Lucknow Lord Canning (1856-62). The revolt in Allahabad was
D. Mani Ram Diwan 4. Assam led by Maulvi Liyaqat Ali.
History of Modern India 50 YCT
60. Maharani Laxmibai had combated in last battle 65. Modern historian, who called the revolt of 1857
against- as the first independence war was-
(a) Hugh Rose (b) Guff (a) Dr. R.C. Mazumdar (b) Dr. S.N. Sen
(c) Neil (d) Havlock (c) V.D. Savarkar (d) Ashok Mehta
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1992 MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2008
Ans-(a) Rani Laxmibai also called Manikarnika
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(formally called Manu) was born in Varanasi to a
Marathi family and was the widow of the last Maratha 66. The author of ‘Indian War of Independence
king Raja Gangadhar Rao. Her parents were Moropant 1857’ was-
Tambe and Bhagirathi Bai. Her father was working at (a) V.D. Savarkar (b) R.C. Mazumdar
the Peshwa’s court in Bithoor. Lord Dalhousie sought to (c) S.N. Sen (d) S.B. Chaudhary
annex Jhansi by applying the doctrine of lapse when the UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2013
Maharaja died since the king did not have any natural Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
heir. The British offered Rani an annual pension and 67. What was the main cause of the failure of the
also asked her to leave the fort of Jhansi. The revolt of revolt of 1857?
1857 had broken out in Meerut and the Rani was ruling
(a) Lack of Hindu-Muslim unity
over Jhansi as regent for her minor son. British forces
under the command of Sir Hugh Rose arrived at Jhansi (b) Lack of common strategy and central organization
fort with the intention of capturing it in 1858. (c) Its effect was within limited area
61. The birthplace of Maharani Laxmi Bai, the (d) Non-participation of landlords
heroine of the 1857 freedom struggle, is- BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1996
(a) Agra (b) Jhansi Ans-(b) The major cause of the failure of the revolt of
(c) Varanasi (d) Vrindaban 1857 was lack of common strategy and central
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2008 organization. The different groups participated in the
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. revolt had their own interest. There was no feeling of
62. Which one of the following territories was not nationalism behind the mutiny and lack of clear vision.
affected by the Revolt of 1857? Some other causes of the failure of the revolt of 1857
(a) Jhansi (b) Chittor were expansion in limited areas, lack of unity and
(c) Jagdishpur (d) Lucknow
planning, no unified leadership and discipline, return of
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) G.S. 2006 British troops from Crimea, no support of native rulers,
Ans-(b) The territory of Chittor was not affected by the non-cooperation of Sikhs and Punjabis as well as
revolt of 1857 whereas Jhansi, Jagdishpur and Lucknow educated Indian middle class, the Scindia of Gwalior,
were the prominent territories of the revolt of 1857. The the Holkars of Indore, the Nizam of Hyderabad, the
revolt in Jhansi was led by Rani Laxmi Bai. Raja of Jodhpur, the Nawab of Bhopal, the rulers of
63. Which part of Bihar was unaffected with the Patiala, Sindh and Kashmir and the Rana of Nepal
revolt of 1857? provided active support to the British. The military
(i) Danapur (ii) Patna equipment of the rebels was inferior in comparison to
(iii) Arrah (iv) Muzaffarpur the war resources of the British etc.
(v) Munger 68. First freedom struggle of 1857 failed because-
Choose the correct answer from code given (a) There was lack of the unity of purpose in Indian
below: sepoys.
(a) iv and v (b) Only v (b) Generally, native kings supported the British.
(c) Only iv (d) iii, iv and v
(c) British soldiers were better equipped and
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1996
organised rather than Indians.
Ans-(b) The major centers of the revolt of 1857 in
Bihar include Arrah, Danapur, Gaya, Patna, (d) All of the above.
Muzaffarpur and Shahabad while the territory of UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 1998
Munger was unaffected during the revolt of 1857. Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
64. Who termed the uprising of 1857 as the first war 69. Certain measures of Dalhousie created serious
of independence? discontent in India which were also responsible
(a) V.A. Smith (b) P.E. Roberts for the revolt of 1857. Which of the following
(c) V.D. Savarkar (d) All of the above measures was not one of them?
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015 (a) Doctrine of Lapse
Ans-(c) V.D. Savarkar in his book ‘The Indian War of (b) Introduction of railways and telegraph
Independence of 1857’ termed the uprising of 1857 as (c) Abolition of titles and pensions of several rulers
the first war of independence. He stated that it was a (d) Educational reforms
well-planned revolt against British. UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2011
History of Modern India 51 YCT
Ans. (d) Some of the actions taken by Lord Dalhousie 72. The right to adopt heir in place of own son was
led to serious dissatisfaction in India which also became restored by-
responsible for the rebellion of 1857. The states of (a) Government of India Act, 1858
Satara (1898), Jaitpur, Sambhalpur (1849), Jhansi (b) Lord Canning
(1853), Nagpur (1854) and Awadh (1856) were merged (c) Issue of charter in 1860
in the British state by the doctrine of lapse of Lord (d) Declaration of Queen in 1858
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004
Dalhousie. The pension of former Peshwa Nana Saheb
Ans-(d) The proclamation of Queen Victoria read by
was confiscated and the titles of the rulers of Karnataka,
Lord Canning in Allahabad on November 1, 1858
Surat and Tanjore were abolished. Introduction of restored the right to adopt heir in the place of own son.
Railways and Telegraph were also the cause of 1857 As per the proclamation the doctrine of lapse was
Revolt. Educational reform was not one of them. cancelled and the British stopped the policy of
70. After the revolt of 1857, the British recruited the annexation.
soldiers from- 73. What was the ratio of British and Indian Army in
(a) Brahmins of U.P. and Bihar the country before the Revolt of 1857?
(b) Bengalis and Oriya’s from the East (a) 1:4 (b) 1:5
(c) Gurkhas, Sikhs and Punjabis in the North (c) 1:6 (d) 1:7
(d) Madras presidency and Marathas UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Pre) G.S. 2006
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2007-08 Ans-(b) After the revolt of 1857 the number of
Ans-(c) After the revolt of 1857, the British recruited European soldiers in the army was increased to 65000
the soldiers from the Gurkhas, Sikhs and Punjabis in the which was earlier limited to 40000 and the number of
Indian soldiers was limited to 140000 from 238000.
North. The British government was suspicious about the
Like this the ratio of British and Indian soldiers in the
soldiers from Uttar Pradesh as they played an important
army was 1:5. After the revolt in 1858 the ratio of
role in the enhancement of the revolt of 1857. About British and Indian soldiers in army at Bengal and
60% soldiers of Bengal army were from Awadh and Madras presidency was fixed at 1:2 and 1:3
north-west regions of Uttar Pradesh. respectively.
71. Indians were assured of many things in the 74. Which of the following was not a reason for the
declaration by Queen Victoria in 1858. Which outrage in the Indian soldiers before the revolt of
among the following assurance was fulfilled by 1857?
the British Government- (a) Low wages of Indian soldiers.
(a) The policy of annexation will be abandoned. (b) Their promotion was limited upto the post of
(b) The ‘status quo’ of the native rulers would be Subedar only
maintained (c) Smoothed cartridges from objectionable animal
(c) Equal treatment would be given to all subjects, fat
Indians, and Europeans (d) Appointment of non-Brahmin cooks in the army
(d) There would be no interference in the social and UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Pre) G.S. 2006
religious beliefs of the Indians Ans-(d) The reasons of the outrage among the Indian
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994 soldiers before the revolt of 1857 are as follows-
Ans-(a) A Royal Durbar was held in Allahabad on 1. Low wages of Indian soldiers.
November 1, 1858. A proclamation was issued by 2. Their promotion was limited upto the post of
Subedar only.
Queen Victoria. It was read at the Durbar by Lord
3. Sending Indian soldiers in foreign countries for
Canning, who was the last Governor General and the
battle without paying them extra allowance.
first Viceroy of India. The important features of the
4. The free mail service of Indian soldiers was
Queen’s Proclamation were as follows- abandoned.
(i) The act laid down that henceforth India shall be 5. Smoothed cartridges from objectionable animal fat.
governed by in the name of the Queen. 75. Who wrote “it is difficult to avoid the conclusion
(ii) It abolished the Board of Control and the Court of that the so-called First National War of
Directors. The post of a Secretary of State was Independence of 1857 is neither first, nor
created. He was to be assisted by a Council of national, nor a war of independence"?
India which was to consist of fifteen members. (a) R.C Majumdar (b) Syed Ahmad
(iii) The doctrine of lapse was cancelled and the (c) Roberts (d) Copeland
British stopped the policy of annexation. UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
(iv) A general amnesty (pardon) was granted to the Ans-(a) The revolt of 1857, so called first war of Indian
rebels except those who were directly involved in independence, sepoy mutiny and Indian rebellion was
killing the British subjects. an armed outrage. Different historians had their own
(v) The office of the Governor General was changed views on the revolt of 1857 in which some of them are
to that of Viceroy of India. given below-

History of Modern India 52 YCT

 Views Historians Ans. (c) Kunwar Singh, Begum Hazarat Mahal and
'On the whole, it is difficult to R.C. Majumdar Maulavi Ahmadullah led the revolt of 1857 in Arrah,
avoid the conclusion that the In his book ‘The Lucknow (Awadh) and Faizabad respectively. Uddham
so-called First National War Sepoy Mutiny and the Singh was a revolutionary of Punjab but he is not
of Independence of 1857 Rebellion of 1857’ related with the revolt of 1857.
is neither first, nor 79. Who of the following had struggled against
national, nor a war of Britishers in 1857?
independence'. (a) Chandrashekhar Azad
It was a sepoy mutiny as the Sir John Lawrence (b) Ramprasad Bismil
sepoys refused to use the and Seeley (c) Shahadat Khan
greased cartridges of the (d) Makhan Lal Chaturvedi
Enfield rifles and opposed MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2000
the move. Ans-(c) Shahadat Khan had struggled against the
The revolt of 1857 was a Sir Syed Ahmad Britishers in the revolt of 1857. Makhan Lal Chaturvedi
sepoy mutiny Khan
was a historian and great poet from Madhya Pradesh.
The revolt was a ‘war L.E.R Rees
Some of his famous works include ‘Himtarangini
against Christianity’.
Mata’, ‘Him Karitani’, ‘Yug Charan’, ‘Samarpan’,
It was the result of Hindu- Sir James Outram
‘Maran Jwar’, ‘Sahitya Devta’, ‘Krishnarjun Yuddh’
Muslim conspiracy.
etc. Chandrasekhar Azad had shot himself while
This revolt was a ‘clash of T.R. Holmes
fighting against the British on February 28, 1931 in
civilization and barbarians’.
Alfred Park, Allahabad. Ram Prasad Bismil,
76. The statement "The so-called first national war of
Ashfaqullah Khan, Rajendra Nath Lahiri and Roshan
independence was neither first, nor national, nor
Singh were sentenced for the Kakori Conspiracy of
a war of independence" is associated with-
(a) J.N. Sarkar (b) R.C. Majumdar August 9, 1925.
(c) S.N. Sen (d) V.D. Savarkar 80. Who among the following was NOT associated
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010 with the revolt of 1857?
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (a) Tatya Tope (b) Rani Laxmibai
77. Consider : (c) Bahadur Shah Zafar (d) Bhagat Singh
Assertion (A): The first war of Independence in MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2000
1857 failed to secure freedom from the British Ans-(d) Bhagat Singh is not associated with the revolt
Government. of 1857. Bahadur Shah Zafar, Tatya Tope and Rani
Reason (R): The leadership of Bahadur Shah Laxmibai participated as the rebel leaders in the revolt
Zafar did not have popular support and most of of 1857.
the Indian rulers of important States shielded 81. Which of the following centres of the uprising of
away from the struggle. 1857 was recaptured by the British?
Select the correct answer from the code given (a) Jhansi (b) Meerut
below: (c) Delhi (d) Kanpur
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2002
explanation of (A). Ans-(c) Delhi was recaptured by the British from the
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the rebels in September of 1857. On September 20, 1857,
correct explanation of (A). the last Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar
(c) (A) is true and (R) is false. surrendered to Major William Hudson of the British
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true. East India Company’s Army. It was the rallying point
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994 for the sepoys in the sepoy mutiny of 1857 and the war
Ans-(a) The rebellions of the revolt of 1857 accepted was fought in his name as the ‘Emperor of India’.
Bahadur Shah Zafar as their leader and proclaimed him 82. The first event relating to the war of
the emperor of the whole of India. But Bahadur Shah Independence of 1857 was-
Zafar did not get the support of the rulers of other (a) Kanpur’s revolt and taking over the leadership
princely states and the people themselves also did not by Nana Saheb.
want to accompany him which led to failure of the (b) Begum Hazrat Mahal’s leadership of Oudh
rebellion. (c) Marching of sepoys to Delhi’s Red Fort.
78. Who among the following was not related with (d) Revolt by Rani of Jhansi.
the Revolt of 1857? UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2008
(a) Begum Hazarat Mahal Ans-(c) Marching of sepoys to Delhi’s red fort was the
(b) Kunwar Singh first event relating to the war of independence of 1857.
(c) Uddham Singh The war started from Meerut when the sepoys refused
(d) Maulavi Ahmadullah to use the new rifle cartridges and revolted openly. They
UPPCS Pre) G.S. 1996 left Meerut and moved to Delhi. General Hewitt had not
History of Modern India 53 YCT
tried to stop this revolt. However General Vilobi Later Maniram Dewan was found guilty of mastering an
resisted but he was defeated. The mutineers declared anti-British plot and was publicly hanged along with
Bahadur Shah Zafar as the emperor of whole of India. Piyali Barua on February 26, 1858.
The success of Delhi revolt sensitized north and western 87. The largest number of soldiers participated in the
parts of India and the revolt spread over the regions of Struggle of 1857 came from-
Awadh, Rohilkhand, Western Bihar etc. (a) Bengal (b) Awadh
83. The Revolt of 1857 was witnessed by the poet- (c) Bihar (d) Rajasthan
(a) Mir Taqi Mir (b) Zauq
UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2015
(c) Ghalib (d) Iqbal
Ans-(b) More than 75000 soldiers from Awadh
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002
participated in the struggle of 1857. One member from
Ans-(c) The pictures of the revolt of 1857 can be clearly
each family joined the struggle. Like this the largest
seen in the letters and book named ‘Dastambu’ of Mirza
number of soldiers participated in the Struggle of 1857
Ghalib.
came from Awadh (Oudh).
84. Who among the following was bestowed with the
title of ‘Saheb-e-Alam Bahadur’ by Bahadur 88. The first Indian to write in Indian language on
Shah during the uprising of 1857? the causes of the uprising of 1857 was-
(a) Azimullah (b) Birjis Qadir (a) Syed Ahmed Khan
(c) Bakht Khan (d) Hasan Khan (b) V.D. Savarkar
UP RO/ARO (Pre) G.S. 2016 (c) Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
Ans-(c) Bakht Khan was the Commander-in-Chief (d) None of the above
of Indian rebel forces in the Indian Rebellion of UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2009
1857 against the East India Company. Bakht Khan was Ans-(a) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was the first Indian to
a Pashtun related to the family of Rohilla chief Najib- write in Indian language on the causes of the uprising of
ul-Daula from the Barech tribe. When Bakht Khan 1857. In his book ‘Asbab-e-Baghawat-e-Hind’
heard of the rebellion in Meerut, he decided to march to published in 1859, he wrote the causes of the revolt of
Delhi to support the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah 1857 in Indian language.
Zafar's army. By the time Bakht Khan arrived at Delhi 89. Which dynasty supported British maximum
on 1 July 1857 with a large number of Rohilla sepoys, during the 1857 Freedom Movement?
the city had already been taken over by rebel forces and (a) Scindias of Gwalior (b) Holkars of Indore
the Mughal ruler Bahadur Shah Zafar had been (c) Bholsles of Nagpur (d) Lodhis of Ramgarh
proclaimed Emperor of India. Soon the superior MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2010
abilities of Bakht Khan became evident and emperor
Ans-(a) The British got the maximum support from the
Bahadur Shah Zafar gave him the authority and title of
Scindias of Gwalior, the Nizam of Hyderabad and
‘Saheb-e-Alam Bahadur’.
Holkars of Indore during the freedom struggle of 1857.
85. The educated middle class in India-
They helped the British in suppressing the revolt by all
(a) Opposed the revolt of 1857.
possible means. Along with them the landlords, money
(b) Supported the revolt of 1857.
lenders (Sahukars) and merchants kept them away from
(c) Remained neutral to the revolt of 1857.
the movement as it was against their economic benefits.
(d) Fought against native rulers.
Many native rulers like the rulers of Patiala, Jind,
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998
Hyderabad, Sikh of Punjab and Gwalior helped the
Ans-(c) The non-participation of the educated middle
British in suppressing the revolt by every possible
class in the revolt of 1857 was one among the major
means. The educated Indian middle class also did not
causes of the failure of the revolt of 1857. They were
take part in the freedom struggle of 1857. On the
completely influenced by western civilization and
contrary they appreciated the feelings of rebels due to
expected the progressive change from the British while
national sentiments. The entire South India, Punjab and
on the other hand they appreciated the activities of the
the territory towards its north and west, Rajasthan,
rebels due to national sentiments.
Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat remained out from the
86. Who among the following was the leader of the
outrage.
revolution of 1857 in Assam?
(a) Diwan Maniram Dutta 90. Which of the following groups did not participate
(b) Kandarpeshwar Singh in the revolt of 1857?
(c) Purandar Singh 1. Agricultural labour 2. Sahukars
(d) Piali Barua 3. Farmers 4. Landlords
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007 Select your answer from the following codes:
Ans-(a) Diwan Maniram Dutta was a nobleman and the (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2
leader of the revolution of 1857 in Assam. He revolted (c) 2 only (d) 2 and 4
against the British in 1857 declaring the last king’s BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1995
grandson Kandapeshwar Singh as the king of Assam. Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 54 YCT
 91. The British were able to suppress the uprising of 95. Who defeated the joint army of British and
1857 in Rajput state because- Jodhpur during the revolt of 1857-
(a) The local Rajput rulers did not support (a) Tatya Tope
revolutionaries. (b) Nawab Vazir Khan of Tonk
(b) The educated middle class supported the (c) Maharaja Ram Singh
British. (d) Thakur Kushal Singh of Auwa
(c) The soldiers in cantonment were not prepared to RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 1993
accept leadership of revolution from outside Ans-(d) The joint army of the British and Jodhpur was
Rajasthan. defeated by Thakur Kushal Singh near a place named
(d) The newspaper could not project the true aim of Vithora near Auwa during the revolt of 1857. He was
revolution. the devotee of Goddess Sugali .
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 1996 96. Which of the following was not a reason for
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. making the sepoys of the East India Company
92. Which one of the following statements regarding rebellions?
the Revolt of 1857 is not correct? (a) The efforts of the officers of the company to
(a) The revolt was supported wholeheartedly by the spread Christianity
educated, elite Indian everywhere. (b) The order to the sepoys to traveled on ships
(b) The diverse elements which took part in the (c) The stoppage of Bhatta
revolt were united by their hatred of British (d) The inefficiency of the officers
rule.
64th BPSC (Pre) 2018-19
(c) The role of Hindu-Muslim unity in the revolt
Ans-(d) The Revolt of 1857, was the result of the
was acknowledged by many, including British sepoys dissatisfaction against the discrimination by the
officials British government and public revolt emerged in the
(d) The revolt did not spread to South India north and central part of India. This revolt abolished the
UPSC CDS G.S. Ist 2010 Company Rule and made the way for the Crown to
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. govern on Indian Peninsula for the next 90 years.
93. Which one of the following conceptions is true The use of greased catridges by the sepoys was
about the Revolt of 1857? considered as the main reason for the revolt but it
proved only a catalyst in triggering the revolt. In reality,
(a) Indian historians have described it as an Indian
this revolt was the aggregate result of social, economic,
mutiny. political and religious discontents which were
(b) British historians have described it as a war of simmering for a long time.
independence. The British intervention in Indian social, religious
(c) It gave a death blow to the system of East India affairs like, the eradication of Sati Pratha, Hindu Widow
Company’s rule in India. Remarriage Act etc. created a deep discontent among
(d) It was for the improvement of the administrative Indians. It led a notion among Indians that the company
machinery in India. officials are trying to promote Christianity and their
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. IInd 2010 own religions were in grave danger.
Ans-(c) The immediate effect of the revolt of 1857 was 97. Which one of the following commissions is
that the rule of East India Company in India ended and associated with the army reorganization after the
the reign was handed over to Queen Victoria by a suppression of the Revolt of 1857?
proclamation read by Lord Canning in a darbar held at (a) Public Service Commission
Allahabad on November 1, 1858. Hence option (c) is (b) Peel Commission
correct. (c) Hunter Commission
94. The symbol of the War of Independence of 1857 (d) Simon Commission
was- BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002
(a) Lotus and Chapati (b) Eagle Ans-(b) Peel Commission was set up after the
(c) Scarf (d) Two sword suppression of the Revolt of 1857 to reorganize the
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1990 army. The Commission divided the army on the basis of
Ans-(a) Some historians consider that the symbol of the caste, religion and community. Also the Commission
war of independence of 1857 was Chapati and Red recommended the appointment of the soldiers of British
Lotus and it was a well planned revolt while most of the and India in Bengal in the ratio of 1:2 and the ratio 1:3
historians disagree with this. in Madras and Bombay.
History of Modern India 55 YCT

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09.
Tribal Revolt
1. Bhills in Khandesh protested against British 4. Ulgulan was started by
rule because (a) Damodar Chapekar (b) Birsa Munda
i. The Bhills of the Satpura division got (c) B. M. Malabari (d) Sri Ram Bajpai
inspiration from the event of the uprising in Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022
North India. Ans. (b) : The Ulgulan movement was started by Birsa
ii. Taking advantage of the revolt of 1857 Munda against the exploitation and discrimination
Bhagoji Naik and Kazising Naik joined the against the tribals by the local authorities.
revolt. 5. 'Damin-i-koh' was the land given by the British
iii. Kazising and his associates burnt to the
government treasuries and post offices. (a) Santhal tribes (b) Kolu tribes
(a) i and ii (b) ii and iii (c) Garo tribes (d) Munda tribes
(e) Answer not known
(c) i and iii (d) All of the above
TNPSC (Pre) 2022
MH PSC (Pre) 2023
Ans. (a) : Damin-i-koh was the name given to the
Ans. (d) : Bhills in Khandesh protested against British forested hilly areas of Rajmahal hills. Damin-i-koh was
rule because the bhills of Satpura division got the land given by British to the Santhal tribes after
inspiration from the event of the uprising in North India. Santhal rebellion of 1855.
Taking advantage of the revolt of 1857 Bhagoji Naik 6. Which of the following revolts was popular in
and Kazi Singh Naik joined the revolt. Kazi Singh and Maharashtra in 1940?
his associates burnt government treasuries and post (a) The Kols Revolt
offices. (b) The Baster Revolt
2. Arrange chronologically the following tribal (c) The Warli Revolt
rebellions : (d) The Birsa movement
A. The First Rampa Rebellion Sikkim PSC (Pre) 2022
B. Santhal Rebellion Ans.. (c) : Among the revolts Warli revolt was popular
C. Kol Uprising revolt of Maharashtra the Warli revolt took place in the
1940s as a protest against landlords and money-lenders.
D. Munda Rebellion
7. When was the Criminal Tribes Act enacted for the
Select the correct answer from the codes given
first time?
below : (a) 1952 (b) 1924
(a) (B), (C), (A), (D) (b) (C), (B), (A), (D) (c) 1871 (d) 1911
(c) (D), (A), (C), (B) (d) (B), (D), (C), (A) UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016
Manipur PSC (Pre) 2023 Ans-(c) In 1871 AD, the colonial government in India
passed the Criminal Tribes Act. By this Act many
Ans. (b) : The correct chronology of tribal revolt is as
communities of craftsmen, traders and pastoralists were
follows :- classified as criminal tribes. They were stated to be
• Kol Uprising (1831-32) criminal by nature and by birth. Once this Act came into
force, these communities were expected to live only in
• Santhal Rebellion (1855-56) notified village settlements. They were not allowed to
• The First Rampa Rebellion (1879) move out without a permit. The village police kept a
• Munda Rebellion (1899) continuous watch on them. This Act was first implemented
3. The leader of the Jamatia uprising during 1863 in northern India and later in Bengal and Madras
presidency in 1876 AD and 1911 AD respectively.
was
8. Who were the leaders of Santhal Revolt?
(a) Parikshit (b) Okhirai
(a) Sidhu and Kanhu
(c) Chandra (d) Rangkhal
(b) Gaurakshni Bhagat and Keshav Chandra Roy
Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022 (c) Shambhunath Pal and Korra Mallaya
Ans. (a) : The leader of Jamatia uprising revolt was (d) Jara Bhagat and Balaram Bhagat
Parikshit. The immediate cause of Jamatia revolt was (e) None of the above/More than one of the
the persecuted tax collector Oakhirai Hazari putting above
pressure on the Jamatia for taxes. 67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021
History of Modern India 56 YCT
Ans. (a): On 30th June 1855, two years before the Great Code:
Revolt of 1857, two Santhal brothers Sidhu and Kanhu (A) (B) (C) (D)
organised 10000 santhals and proclaimed a rebellion (a) (2) (4) (3) (1)
against the British. The rebellion of the santhals began (b) (4) (2) (1) (3)
as a reaction to end the revenue system of British East (c) (3) (4) (1) (2)
India Company usury practices and the Zamindari (d) (3) (1) (4) (2)
system in India. Manipur PSC-2013
9. Who was the leader of Bhumij Revolt? Ans. (d): List-I List-II
(a) Dubia Gosain (b) Jatra Bhagat (a) Khasi Uprising - Assam and Meghalaya
(b) Khond Uprising - Odisha
(c) Ganga Narain (d) Bhagirath
(c) Koli Uprising - Gujarat and Maharashtra
7th JPSC (Pre)2021
(d) Bijauliya Movement - Rajasthan
Ans. (c) : The leader of Bhumij rebellion (1832-33) was • The Khasi uprising took place in 1833 in the regions
Ganga Narain Singh. There was widespread revolt in between the Khasi hills and Jaintia Hills in Assam
Dhalbhum, Barabhum and Patkum parganas which were and Meghalaya, against a planned British Road in
part of Midnapur district of West Bengal. This rebellion that area. The leader of the revolt was Tirot Sing
was the result of the Bhumijs against the Barabhum Syiem.
King, the police officers, the Munsifs and other Dikkus. • Khond Uprising took place in Odisha in 1846 and
In this rebellion he was killed and the rebellion was 1855. The Khond people were led by Chakra Bisoi.
suppressed.
• Koli Community is an ethnic group mostly found in
10. Kol Mutiny of 1831 under Buddho Bhagat took Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Andhra Pradesh. They
place in which of the following regions? revolt against the British rule for dismantling the
(a) Kutch forests and a new order of administration in 1829 and
(b) Singhbhum 1839.
(c) Western Ghats • The Bijauliya Movement was a movement against
(d) Satara excessive land revenue extractions that took place in
(e) None of the above/More than one of the Rajasthan. The movment started in 1897.
above 13. In which year the Santhal Rebellion broke out?
66th BPSC 2020(pre) (a) 1852 (b) 1853
Ans. (b) : Kol uprising also known in British records as (c) 1854 (d) 1855
the Kol mutiny, took place in 1831-32 in Chhota Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
Nagpur and Singhbhum region of Bihar and Jharkhand. Ans. (d) : The Santhal Rebellion of 1855 was called
The rebellion soon spread over a considerable area Santhal Hool, which in the local language means a
including Ranchi, Hazaribagh, Palamau and Manbhum. movement for liberation. The rebellion was headed by
Kol revolt was led by Buddhu Bhagat, Joa Bhagat , the four brothers of the Murmu Clan - Sidhu, Kanhu,
Madara Mahato & others. Chand and Bhairav.
11. Who had led Kol revolt of 1831-32? 14. Who was the leader of Munda revolt?
(a) Budhu Bhagat (b) Surga (a) Birsa (b) Kanhu
(c) Sigrai (d) Jatra Bhagat (c) Tilka Manjhi (d) Siddhu
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2003 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998
Ans-(a) The Kol tribesmen of Chhotanagpur were long Ans. (a) The tribal rebellion against the British also known
been exploited and looked down upon by the non-tribal as Ulgulan rebellion was organized by Birsa Munda also
outsiders. Ultimately the Kols burst out in rebellion in known as 'Dharti Aba' or 'Father of Earth'. He was a tribal,
1831 AD under the leaders like Buddhu Bhagat and freedom fighter, religious leader and folk hero who
Ganga Narayan etc. The revolt was brutally suppressed belonged to Munda tribe from Chhota Nagpur (Jharkhand)
by the British in 1848 AD. Kols were against the British area. He had led Munda rebellion towards end of 19th
interference in their region and transferring of their land century against the British Raj. Anand Pandey was teacher
to outsiders like Sikh and Muslim farmers. of Birsa Munda. Their movement identified as 'Sardari
12. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct Ladai' or 'War of the Leaders', was fought with the aim of
answer using the codes given below the lists: expelling Dikhus and restoration of the Munda domination
List I List II over their homeland. The tribal chiefs rose up against the
erosion of Khuntkatti system or joint tenures. Starting in
(A) Khasi Uprising 1. Orissa
1895 AD, the revolt was against interference by British
(B) Khond Uprising 2. Rajasthan
administration which transformed tribal agrarian system
(C) Koli Uprising 3. Assam and into feudal state around Chhota Nagpur area as well as
Meghalaya interference in their religious matters from missionary
(D) Bijauliya 4. Gujarat and activities. Birsa Munda had adopted ‘Guerilla Warfare’
Movement Maharashtra techniques to launch surprise attacks in which many
History of Modern India 57 YCT
police officials were killed. The revolt was brutally Ans. (d) : The correct match is as follows -
suppressed by Britishers. Birsa Munda was arrested and Neel Rebellion 1859-60
was sentenced to death and died in jail of Cholera. Jaintiya Rebellion 1860-63
“Aranyer Adhikar” which means “Right to the Forest” Kuki Rebellion 1860-90
was a novel of Mahasweta Devi published in 1977. This Kuka Revolt 1872
novel was based upon the Munda rebellion and
23. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
Mahasweta Devi got “Sahitya Akademi Award” in 1979
for this work. answer using the codes given below the lists:
15. Who was the leader of Munda Rebellion? List-I List-II
(a) Sidhu (b) Birsa (Movement) (Year)
(c) Kanhu (d) Tilka Manjhi A. Pabna 1. 1855-56
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above B. Eka 2. 1873-86
66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre) C. Santhal 3. 1921
Ans. (b) : Kindly refer the explanation of above D. Tana Bhagat 4. 1914
question. A B C D
16. With reference to the history of India, (a) 1 2 4 3
'Ulgulan' or 'The Great Tumult' is the (b) 2 3 1 4
description of which of the following events? (c) 3 1 4 2
(a) The Revolt of 1857 (d) 4 3 2 1
(b) The Moplah Rebellion of 1921 UPPCS (Pre) 2019
(c) The Indigo Revolt of 1859-60 Ans. (b) The Pabna Rebellion took place in Bengal
(d) Birsa Munda’s Revolt of 1899-1900 between 1873 to 1885 AD. The reason for this was the
UPSC IAS (Pre) 2020 increase in revenue paid by the Zamindars. This revolt
Ans. (d) : Kindly refer the explanation of above was supported by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee and
question. Ramesh Chandra Dutt. This revolt was widespread in
17. Who was "Ulgulan"? the region of Bengal.
(a) A Munda Revolt (b) A Khasi Revolt Eka Movement was started by the farmers of Awadh in
(c) A Bhil Revolt (d) A Koya Revolt 1921-22. Its leading leader was Madari Pasi. The
Himanchal PSC Pre 2019 movement was due to excessive rent and illegal
Ans. (a) : See the explanation of the above question. snatching of the farmlands from the farmers.
18. The working area of Birsa Munda was- Santhal Rebellion was started by the tribals in 1855-56
(a) Champaran (b) Ranchi AD under the leadership of Siddhu and Kanhu in
(c) Balia (d) Alipur Damin-e-Koh (Santhal area of Bhagalpur and
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2007-08 Rajmahal).
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. The Tana Bhagat Movement, led by Jatra Oraon,
19. Who was the leader of Munda revolt of 1899- occured from 1914 to 1918 against British power.
1900? 24. Which of the following regions did the 'Pabna
(a) Siddhu (b) Budha Bhagat
Revolt' (1873-76) took place?
(c) Birsa Munda (d) Shambhudan
(a) Punjab (b) Gujarat
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2004-05
(c) Bengal (d) Malabar
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Himanchal PSC Pre 2019
20. Munda rose revolt in-
(a) 1885 (b) 1888 Ans. (c) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
(c) 1890 (d) 1895 question.
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002 25. Which British Commander was defeated by the
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Santhals in 1855?
21. Who was the teacher of Birsa Munda? (a) Captain Nek Feville (b) Lt. Bastain
(a) Swami Sahajananda (b) Anand Pandey (b) Major Burrough (d) Colonel White
(c) Jatra Bhagat (d) M.N. Roy BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2004-05
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1995 Ans-(c) The Santhals were given land and persuaded to
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. settle in the foothills of Rajmahal. By 1832 AD, a large
22. Which of the following is NOT correctly area of land was demarcated as Damin-i-Koh. This was
matched? declared to be the land of the Santhals. After the
(Revolts) (Years) demarcation of Damin-i-Koh, Santhal settlements
(a) Neel Rebellion 1859–60 expanded rapidly. As cultivation expanded, an increased
(b) Jaintiya Rebellion 1860–63 volume of revenue flowed into the Company’s coffers.
(c) Kuki Rebellion 1860–90 The Santhals, however soon found that the land they
(d) Kuka Revolt 1832–34 had brought under cultivation was slipping away from
UPPSC BEO 2019 their hands. The state was levying heavy taxes on the
History of Modern India 58 YCT
land that the Santhals had cleared, moneylenders Ans-(c) The Santhal rebellion also known as Santhal
(dikkus) were charging them high rates of interest and Hool, which was led by two brothers Sidhu and Kanhu
taking over the land when debts remained unpaid, and in the year 1855-56 was mainly centered between
zamindars were asserting control over the Damin area. Bhagalpur and Rajmahal (Bihar). In the five-hour
It was after the Santhal Revolt (1855-56) that the bloody struggle, Santhals near Bhagalpur had defeated
Santhal Pargana was created, carving out 5,500 square Major Burrough. Later the area was handed over to the
miles from the districts of Bhagalpur and Birbhum. On army under Martial law and consequently the rebellion
30 June 1855, two Santhal rebel leaders, Siddhu and was brutally suppressed. Deendayal Rai was the
Kanhu Murmu, mobilized ten thousand Santhals and wealthy Mahajan of Pakur whose servant handed him
over to the Santhals and he was brutally amputated by
declared a rebellion against British colonists. In the
them. The rebellion in the region of Godda was led by
five-hour bloody struggle, Santhals near Bhagalpur had
Gokko.
defeated Major Burrough.
30. Sidhu and Kanhu were associated with which
26. After the Santhal Uprising subsided, what
one of the following?
was/were the measure / measures taken by the
(a) The Kol uprising
colonial government?
(b) The Munda rebeliion
1. The territories called ‘Santhal Paraganas’ (c) The Khasi rising
were created. (d) The Santhal Rebellion
2. It became illegal for a Santhal to transfer Himanchal Pradesh PCS(Pre)-2014
land to a non-Santhal. Ans (d): Kindly refer the explanation of above
Select the correct answer using the code given question.
below: 31. Who led Santhal rebellion?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (a) Jaipal Singh (b) Master Tara Singh
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) Shibu Soren (d) Sidhu and Kanhu
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2018 Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2003, 2010
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
27. Sidhu and Kanhu were associated with which one 32. Which among the following year ‘Santhal revolt’
of the following? was occurred?
(a) The Kol Uprising (a) 1831-32 AD (b) 1844-46 AD
(b) The Munda Rebellion (c) 1851-52 AD (d) 1855-56 AD
(c) The Khasi Uprising BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017
(d) The Santhal Rebellion Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Himanchal Pradesh PCS (Pre)-2014 33. Consider the following statements about the
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Santhal Hool of 1855-56.
28. With reference to Santhal rebellion, what does 1. The Santhals were in a desperate situation as
"Damin-i-Koh" mean? tribal lands were leased out.
(a) Association of Santhal Tribe 2. The Santhal rebels' were treated very
(b) Demand raised by Santhals leniently by British officials.
(c) Land near Rajmahal hills 3. Santhal inhabited areas were eventually
constituted into separate administrative units
(d) Non Tribal People
called Santhal parganas.
UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
4. The Santhal rebellion was the only major
Ans: (c) Kindly refer the explanation of above rebellion in mid 19th century India.
question. Which of the statements given above is/are
29. In the context of 'Santhal Hool' of 1855, which of correct?
the following statement (s) is/are correct? Select (a) Only 1 (b) 2 and 3
the correct answer from the code given below- (c) 1,3 and 4 (d) 1 and 3
1. Major Burrough lost the battle against UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2016
Santhals near Bhagalpur. Ans-(d) Due to leasing of tribal land, the Santhals were
2. Gokko was a prominent leader of Godda. frustrated and upset hence they rebelled and ultimately a
3. Mahajan Deendayal Rai is an important separate administrative unit, ‘Santhal Pargana’ was
name in this context. formed to calm them down. The British had not
4. There was a time when the Santhals had full behaved leniently towards any rebellion and many
domination in the valley of Ganga near rebellions took place during 19th century. Hence only
Muzaffarpur. statements 1 and 3 are correct.
Code: 34. Where did the Moplah rebellion take place?
(a) 1 only (b) 1, 3, 4 (a) Kashmir (b) B.N.W.F.P.
(c) 1, 2, 3 (d) 2 and 3 only (c) Kerala (d) Assam
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2007-08
History of Modern India 59 YCT
Ans. (c) The Moplah rebellion or the Malabar rebellion 42. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly
was an extended version of the Non-Cooperation matched?
Movement in Malabar region of Kerala in 1921. The (a) Munda - Birsa
agricultural unrest took communal form after the (b) Santhal - Kanhu
postponement of Non-Cooperation Movement. Most of (c) Ahom - Gomdhar
the local tenants were Muslims while landlords were (d) Nayak - Tana Bhagat
Hindus. The movement was against the exploitation of UPPCS Spl. (Pre) G.S. 2008
Ans-(d) Munda rebellion was organized by Birsa
landlords.
Munda in South Ranchi (Chhota Nagpur) during 1899
35. Moplah Rebellion of 1921 was the branch of- AD. Santhal rebellion took place in 1855-56 AD which
(a) Khilafat Movement was led by Sidhu and Kanhu. Ahom Movement took
(b) Freedom Struggle of 1857 place under the leadership of Gomdhar Kunwar, an
(c) Swadeshi Movement Ahom Prince in 1828 AD. Tana Bhagat was a tribal
(d) Non-Cooperation community in Jharkhand. Tana Bhagat Movement of
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1999 1914 AD was a tribal uprising of tribal community of
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. the Tana Bhagats and Oraon saints under the leadership
36. Where did the Moplah Rebellion (1921) take of Jatra Bhagat and Turia Bhagat and Balram Bhagat. It
place? is also known as Sanskritisation Movement.
(a) Telangana (b) Malabar 43. Which of the following pairs is not correctly
(c) Marathwada (d) Vidarbh matched?
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2003 (a) Moplah rebellion - Kerala
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (b) Kuka movement - Punjab
(c) Koli uprising - Gujarat
37. Moplah Rebellion of 1921 took place in- (d) Chuar rebellion - Madhya Pradesh
(a) Assam (b) Kerala UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015
(c) Punjab (d) Bengal Ans-(d) The Chuar's revolted against the British empire
(e) None of the above/More than one from above in 1768 AD in Midnapore district and Bankura of West
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18 Bengal. The people of the primitive caste of this district
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. revolted as they were tired of economic crisis caused by
38. The Moplah revolt of 1921 took place in- land revenue and famine. The Koli rebellion occurred in
(a) Telangana (b) Vidarbha Maharashtra, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh in 1829 & 1839
(c) Malabar (d) Marathwada AD. The Moplah revolt took place in 1921 AD in
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2016 Kerala while the Kuka revolt was started by Bhagat
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Jawaharmal in 1840 AD in Punjab.
39. In 19th century Moplah peasants revolted against 44. Which of the following pair (Tribal revolt in
the tyranny of which of the following: Chhattisgarh and its leader) is not correctly
(a) Muslim rulers (b) British rulers matched?
(c) Hindu Zamindars (d) Nizam of Hyderabad (a) Paralkot Revolt (1825) - Gend Singh
Himanchal Pradesh PCS Pre 2010 (b) Tarapur (1842) - Dalganjan Singh
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (c) Meria Revolt (1854) - Hidma Manjhi
(d) Koi Revolt (1859) - Gopinath
40. Moplah peasant uprising occurred in-
(e) Bastar Revolt (1910) - Gunda Dhur
(a) Darjeeling (b) Andaman
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2014
(c) Malabar (d) Chhota Nagpur
Ans-(d) The ‘Koi rebellion' of 1859 was led by tribals
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2012
of Bastar district, under the leadership of Nagul Dorla.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Paralkot revolt took place on December 24, 1824 led by
41. With reference to revolts in British India people Zamindar Gend Singh of Paralkot against the
known as ‘Kallar’ belonged to which region? exploitation of Marathas and British officers. Bastar
(a) Kolhapur (b) Midnapore Revolt was led by Gunda Dhur (also known as Jan
(c) Madurai (d) Rangpur Nayak of Bhumkal). Meria revolt in 1854 was led by
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017 Hidma Manjhi, which was against the invasion of
Ans-(c) After the establishment of British rule in India, Marathas on their traditions and customs.
there have been numerous revolts against the new 45. Match these former revolts in 19th century with
British administrative system in which the rebellion of the related areas-
the Kallar people in Madurai in southern India, A. Kuki revolt 1. Punjab
rebellion of Paikas in Odisha, rebellion of Hoz tribe in B. Kuka revolt 2. Bengal
Porhat and the revolts of Midnapore and Rangpur are C. Pabna revolt 3. Bihar
prominent. D. Birsa Munda revolt 4. Tripura

History of Modern India 60 YCT

 A B C D Ans-(*) The Sanyasi rebellion took place during the
(a) 4 2 1 3 period of 1770-80 AD at Bengal. The terrible famine in
(b) 2 3 1 4 Bengal in 1770 AD caused this province to suffer from
(c) 4 1 3 2 chaos and misery. On other hand, the restrictions
(d) 4 1 2 3 imposed on the pilgrimage made the Sanyasis very
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2010 upset that they revolted against the British rule. The
Ans-(d) The correct match is as follows- description of Sanyasi rebellion can be found in the
Kuki revolt – Manipur and Tripura famous book of Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, ‘Anand
Kuka revolt – Punjab Math’. Kol revolt (1831-1832) was widely spread over
Pabna revolt – Bengal the region of Ranchi, Hazaribagh, Singhbhum, Palamau
Birsa Munda revolt – Bihar (at present Jharkhand) and western parts of Manbhumi. The main cause of the
46. Who of the following provided fame to ‘Sanyasi Kol rebellion was the exploitation and oppression faced
rebellion’ by his works? by the locals at the hands of other non-tribals. The local
(a) Deenbandhu Mitra tribes were looked down upon and they also found the
(b) Bankimchandra Chatterjee non-tribals, zamindars and other British agents
(c) Shishir Kumar Ghosh encroaching their territories and threatening their
(d) Harish Chandra dominance. The Kols thus rose in rebellion against the
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. I 2017 government officers, merchants and money lenders.
Ans-(b) Anandamath (a semi historical novel), written 49. Which of the following revolts was made famous
by India’s first modern novelist Bankim Chandra by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in his novel
Chatterjee is the best reminder of the Sanyasi / Fakir ‘Anand Math’?
Rebellion. Vande Mataram song has been taken from (a) Bhil uprising
this novel. The Sanyasi rebellion started in 1770 due to (b) Rangpur and Dinajpur uprising
ban over pilgrimage and lasted till 1820. The Sanyasis (c) Bishnupur and Birbhum rebellion
were humiliated by ban over pilgrimage due to which
(d) Sanyasi rebellion
they strongly revolted against the British rule. The
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2006
Sanyasis mainly include Hindu Nagas and armed Giri
Sanyasis who were soldiers in the army of Marathas, Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Rajputs and Nawab of Awadh and Bengal. They bravely 50. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
fought against the British soldiers. The revolt was brutally answer from the codes given below the list-
suppressed by Lord Hastings after a long campaign. List-I List-II
47. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct A. Moplah revolt - 1. Kerala
answer from the code given below the list- B. Pabna revolt - 2. Bihar
List-I (Revolt) List-II (Year) C. Eka Movement - 3. Bengal
A. Ahom 1. 1855-56 D. Birsa Munda revolt - 4. Awadh
B. Kol 2. 1828 Code:
C. Santhal 3. 1921 A B C D
D. Moplah 4. 1831-32 (a) 1 3 4 2
Code: (b) 2 3 4 1
A B C D (c) 1 2 3 4
(a) 2 4 1 3 (d) 3 4 1 2
(b) 1 3 2 4 I.A.S (Pre) G.S. 1997
(c) 2 1 3 4 Ans-(a) Moplah revolt took place in Malabar region of
(d) 3 1 4 2 Kerala in 1921, Pabna revolt in 1873-76 in Bengal, Eka
UPPSC RO/ARO (Pre) 2017 Movement in 1921 in Awadh and Munda Rebellion
Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows- took place under the leadership of Birsa Munda in 1899
List-I (Revolt) List-II (Year) in Bihar (currently Jharkhand).
Ahom 1828
51. The following popular movements occurred after
Kol 1831-32
1857:
Santhal 1855-56
Moplah 1921 1. Santhal Rebellion
2. Indigo Revolt
48. Which of the following pair is not correctly
matched? 3. Deccan Agriculturists Riots
(Revolt) (Year) 4. Birsa Munda Uprising
(a) Pabna Rebellion - 1873 Select the correct answer:
(b) Deccan Agriculturists Riot - 1875 (a) 1,2,3 (b) 2,3,4
(c) Sanyasi Rebellion - 1894 (c) 1,2,4 (d) 1,3,4
(d) Kol Revolt - 1870 (e) 1,2,3,4
UPPSC (Pre) G.S.-Ist Paper 2017 Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
History of Modern India 61 YCT
Ans. (b) The popular movements occurred after 1857 Ans-(b) Amritlal Vitthaldas Thakkar popularly known
are as follows- Indigo Revolt (1859), Deccan as 'Thakkar Bappa' was the first to use the word
Agriculturists Riots (1875), Birsa Munda Uprising ‘Adivasi’ to refer the tribal people. He was quite
(1897-1900). The Santhal rebellion took place in 1855 influenced by the reforms advocated by Mahatma
(prior to1857). Gandhi. He was appointed as secretary of the Harijan
52. Arrange the following uprisings against the Sevak Sangh setup by Mahatma Gandhi. He came into
colonial power in India prior to 1857 in the close contact with Mahatma Gandhi during the period
various parts of the country in correct of 1933-34 and started a Harijan tour with him. He was
chronological order: a faithful member of Servants of India Society who
(i) Sepoy mutiny in Bengal
advocated the rights of untouchables and tribals.
(ii) Kutch Rebellion
56. Which one of the following uprising occurred in
(iii) Sepoy mutiny at Vellore
(iv) Santhal uprising Maharashtra?
(v) Kol uprising (a) Bhil uprising (b) Kol uprising
Code: (c) Rampa uprising (d) Santhal uprising
(a) (i), (iii), (ii), (v), (iv) UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998
(b) (ii), (iii), (i), (v), (iv) Ans-(a) Bhil Uprising (1818-31) took place in
(c) (iv), (i), (iii), (ii), (v) Khandesh (presently Maharashtra and Gujarat) region
(d) (iii), (i), (ii), (iv), (v) of Maharashtra under the leadership of Sewaram due to
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2013 the agrarian hardships. Besides this, some agitation also
Ans-(a) The correct order of the uprisings against the occurred in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh during 19th-
colonial power in India prior to 1857 in the various 20th century. Khandesh came under British occupation
parts of the country are as follows- in 1818 AD but the Bhils considered them outsiders. On
Sepoy mutiny in Bengal - 1764 the instigation of Trimbakji, rebel minister of Bajirao-II,
Sepoy mutiny at Vellore - 1806 they revolted against the British. Rampa uprising (1922
Kutch Rebellion - 1816-31 AD) occurred in Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh.
Kol uprising - 1831-1832
57. Bhils revolted against the British in-
Santhal Revolt - 1855-56
(a) Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra
53. Consider the following events:
(b) Madhya Pradesh and Bihar
1. Indigo Revolt
2. Santhal Rebellion (c) Bihar and Bengal
3. Deccan Riot (d) Bengal and Maharashtra
4. Mutiny of the Sepoys MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2008
The correct chronological sequence of these Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
events is: 58. Which amongst the following provided a common
(a) 4,2,1,3 (b) 4,2,3,1 factor for tribal insurrection in India in the 19th
(c) 2,4,3,1 (d) 2,4,1,3 century?
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999 (a) Introduction of a new system of land revenue
Ans-(d) The Santhal rebellion took place under the and taxation of tribal products.
leadership of Siddhu and Kanhu in 1855-56, Sepoy (b) Influence of foreign religious missionaries in
Mutiny in 1857, Indigo Revolt in 1859 and Deccan tribal areas.
Riots took place in 1875. (c) Rise of a large number of money lenders,
54. The first tribal leader who was inspired by traders and revenue farmers as middlemen in
Mahatma Gandhi and his ideology was- tribal areas.
(a) Jadonang (b) Rani Gaidinliu (d) The complete disruption of the old agrarian
(c) Alluri Sitaram Raju (d) Thakkar Bappa
order of the tribal communities.
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2013
IAS (Pre) Ist Paper G.S. 2011
Ans-(a) Haipou Jadonang was a Rongmei Naga
spiritual leader and political activist from Manipur, Ans-(d) The complete disruption of the old agrarian
British India. He established the Heraka religious order of the tribal communities provides the key factor
movement. He had heard about Mahatma Gandhi's Civil for tribal insurrection in India during 19th century.
disobedience movement and was influenced by him. 59. With which one of the following mountain tribes
55. The word Adivasi was used for the first time to did the British first came into contact with after
refer to the tribal people by- the grant of Diwani in the year 1765?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Thakkar Bappa (a) Garo (b) Khasis
(c) Jyotiba Phule (d) B.R. Ambedkar (c) Kukis (d) Tipperahs
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1995 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2002
History of Modern India 62 YCT
 Ans. (a) The British East India Company started 65. Which one of the following peasant struggles was
establishing contact with the Garos, after acquiring the an outcome of British opium policy?
Diwani of Bengal from the Mughal Emperor. The (a) Phulaguri Dhawa (1861)
British won over all the semi-independent estates that (b) Birsaite Ulgulan (1899- 1900)
bordered the Garo hills. But the internal administration (c) Pabna Revolt (1873)
of the estates was not disturbed. Finally the Garo hills (d) Maratha Peasant Uprising (1875)
was annexed in 1873. UPSC CDS IInd 2017
60. Hoz revolt took place during- Ans-(a) Phulaguri Dhawa (1861) was a peasant struggle
(a) 1620-21 (b) 1720-21 which was an outcome of British opium policy. It was
(c) 1820-21 (d) 1920-21 triggered by a ban imposed on opium cultivation and a
BPSC (Pre) 1999 proposed taxation on betel leaf and nut.
Ans-(c) The Hoz revolt took place during the period of 66. In which territory did tribals rebel against the
1820-21 AD in Santhal pargana of Bihar as its centre. British?
(a) Bihar (b) Punjab
61. Trace the tribe that rebelled against Britishers
(c) Sindh (d) Kathiawara
because human sacrifice system was banned-
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
(a) Kuki (b) Khond
64th BPSC (Pre) 2018-19
(c) Oraon (d) Nackda
Ans-(a) The tribal rebelled in a Santhal dominant region
BPSC (Pre) 1995 named, 'Daman-i-Koh' placed between Bhagalpur and
Ans-(b) Khond was a primitive tribe which stretched Rajmahal. The leaders of this revolt was two brothers
from Bengal to Tamil Nadu and Central Provinces. named Sidhu and Kanhu. The British government
They rebelled against the British rule from 1837 to 1856 started to collect the taxes from the newly established
under the leadership of Chakra Bisoi. The tribe rebelled region by Santhals called 'Daman-i-Koh'. Consequently,
against the Britishers because human sacrifice called Zamindari System took place here. The rate of taxes
‘Mariah System’ was banned. were set too high for the farmers to be paid. In order to
62. ‘‘Jiatrang Movement’’ started in— pay the tax the peasants were ill trapped by money-
(a) Nagaland (b) Tripura lenders. All these circumstances gave rise to a surge in
(c) Manipur (d) Mizoram discontent among tribes of Santhal and they were
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2008 compelled to trigger the revolt against the British.
Ans-(c) The Jiatarang movement started in Manipur 67. Consider the following events and arrange
under the leadership of Naga Woman Rani Gaidinliu. them into chronological order.
Manipur society was transformed into the semi feudal 1. Santhal revolt 2. Kol revolt
and colonial society by Britishers. The movement was 3. Chero revolt 4. Kuki revolt
against the colonial regime. She got arrested in 1932 Select the correct answer from the code given
and spent 14 years in prison. Jawaharlal Nehru below:
honoured her with the title of ‘Queen of Nagas’. Code:
63. Who among the following was the leader of the (a) 2, 1, 3 and 4 (b) 3, 2, 1 and 4
Faraizi rebellion? (c) 1, 4, 2 and 3 (d) 4, 2, 1 and 3
(a) Aga Muhammad Raza (b) Dudu Miyan UPPSC ACF Mains 2021 Paper-I
(c) Shamsher Ghazi (d) Wazir Ali Ans. (b) : The correct sequence of the above options is
UPPCS (Pre) 1999 as follows:
Ans-(b) The Faraizi sect was founded by Hazi Chero revolt - 1770-71
Shariatullah in Faridpur district of Bengal. He Kol revolt - 1829-1839
advocated the acrimonious changes in religious, Santhal revolt - 1855-56
political and social abate. Son of Hazi Shariatullah, Kuki revolt – 1917-19
Dadu Miyan led the revolt against the British rule but 68. Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly
later the revolt was merged with Wahabis in 1860 AD matched?
after his death. Rebellion Year
64. Who began the Faraizi Movement? (a) Santhal - 1855
(a) Haji Shariatullah (b) Syed Ahmed (b) Kol - 1831
(c) Salimullah (d) M.A. Jinnah (c) Khasi - 1829
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above (d) Ahom - 1815
64th BPSC (Pre)-2018 UPPCS (Pre)- 2018
Ans-(d) The correct match is as following-
Ans-(a) 'Faraizi Movement' (1820-1857) was started by
Rebellion Year
Haji Shariatullah in Bengal in 1820. After his death in (a) Santhal - 1855
1840, the movement was led by Dudu Miyan. This (b) Kol - 1831
movement was aimed to reform the Islam. In addition, it (c) Khasi - 1829
was more active against the landlords. (d) Ahom - 1828
History of Modern India 63 YCT

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10.
Peasant & Citizen Revolt
and Formation of Kisan Sabha
1. The play ‘Neel Darpan’ written in 1858-1859, (a) i and ii only (b) ii and iii only
highlights the plight of Indigo growers. Who (c) i and iv only (d) i, ii and iii only
wrote this? MH PSC (Pre) 2023
(a) Rabindra Nath Tagore
(b) Dinbandhu Mitra Ans. (a) : Pandita Ramabai was a social activist and
(c) Bankim Chandra Chatterji educator who challenged societal norms and advocated
(d) Akshay Kumar Dutt for women's rights and education. She established an
UK PSC (Pre) 2024 institution called Ramabai Association to help in her
Ans.(b): The play ‘‘Neel Darpan’’ written in 1858-1859 social work. The main aim of the association was to run
highlights the plights of Indigo growers was written by a school for the high caste child widows in India.
Dinbandhu Mitra. Ramakrishna Gopal Bhandarkar and Mahadev Govind
2. Fill in the blanks: Ranade were on the advisory committee of the Ramabai
In ___________ the rights of the tenants on Association.
land in Bengal and Bihar were given by the 5. Match List-I with List-II in regard to the Social
Bengal Tenancy Act. Reforms Movement in India.
(a) 1885 (b) 1856
(c) 1889 (d) 1900 List-I (Reform List-II (Protagonist)
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2015 movement)
Ans-(a) In 1885 the rights of the tenants on land in A. Satya Shodhak I. Jyotiba Phule
Bengal and Bihar were given by the Bengal Tenancy
Act. The Bengal Tenancy Act 1885 was an enactment B. Self-Respect II. B. R. Ambedkar
of the Bengal government that defined the rights C. Navayana III. E. V. Ramaswami
of zamindars (landlords) and their tenants in response to Buddhism
a widespread peasant revolt.
D. Namdhari IV. Ram Singh
3. Who defended Chiplunkar's attack on
Mahatma Jyotirao Phule through his Select the correct Answer :
newspaper, considered as the beginning of non A B C D
Brahmin journalism? (a) I III II IV
(a) Narayan Meghaji Lokhande (b) II III IV I
(b) Bhau Daji Lad
(c) III IV I II
(c) Tukaram Tatya Padval
(d) IV I II III
(d) Krushnaji Bhalekar
Manipur PSC (Pre) 2023
MH PSC (Pre) 2023
Ans. (d) : Krishnarao Bhalekar was one of the collegue Ans. (a) : The correct match is as follows :-
of Jyotirao phule who edited a weekly called Reform Movement Protagonist
Deenbandhu which was organ of the Satya Shodak Satya Sodhak - Jyotibha Phule
Samaj. Deenbandhu newspaper defended Jyotirao when
Self-Respect - E.V. Ramaswami
Vishnushastri Chiplunkar a powerful spokesman of the
conservative nationalists, attacked Jyotirao's writing in Navayana Buddhism - B.R. Ambedkar
the most vitriolic style. Namdhari - Ram Singh
4. Pandita Ramabai with the permission of the 6. Consider the following statements:
Ramabai Association, appointed an advisory (1) Aligarh Scientific Society was founded by
board to advise her, who among the following Zakir Hussain in 1878
was included in this advisory board?
(2) Prarthana Samaj was established on 1866
i. Justice M.G.Ranade
(3) Paramhans Mandali was established on
ii. Dr. R.G. Bhandarkar
1849
iii. Justice K.T.Telang
(4) Manav Dharm Sabha was established on
iv. Bapu Hari Shinde
1844
History of Modern India 64 YCT
 Choose the correct answer from the options (a) Jhinguri Singh
given below: (b) Yadunandan Sharma
(a) (3) and (4) only (b) (1) and (4) only (c) Baba Ram Chandra
(c) (2) and (4) only (d) (2) and (3) only (d) More than one of the above
Himachal PSC (Pre) 2023 (e) None of the above
Ans. (a) : The Scientific Society of Aligarh was a 68th BPSC 2022
literary society founded by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan (not Ans. (c): Baba Ramchandra fought against the
by Zakir Hussain) at Aligarh India. injustices meted out by landlords in the 1920s and
Hence, statement-1 is not correct. 1930s. He was a peasant leader referred as a Sanyasi
Prarthana Samaj was founded by Atmaram Pandurang who came to that district after a spell as an indentured
in 1867 (not in 1866). Hence, statement-2 is not correct. labourer in Fiji carrying a copy of Tulsidas Ramayana
Paramhans Mandali was founded by Dadoba on his back from which he would recite verses to rural
Pandurang, Durgaram Mehtaji and group of his friends audience.
in 1849. Hence, statement-3 is correct. 9. In which year the Chauri Revolt of Bihar took
Manav Dharma Sabha was established by Durgaram place?
Manchharam Mehta, Dadoba Pandurang and few other's (a) 1842 (b) 1798
in 1844. Hence, statement-4 is correct. (c) 1784 (d) 1832
7. Match List–I with List–II : (e) None of the above/More than one of the
List—I List—II above
A. Servants of 1. Debendranath 67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021
India Society Tagore Ans. (b) Chauri Revolt took place in Bihar in 1798.
B. Tattwabodhini 2. Gopal Krishna 10. In which place did the Gadkari uprising of
Sabha Gokhale 1844 take place?
(a) Kolhapur (b) Poona
C. Atmiya Sabha 3. Ram Mohan
(c) Ahmad Nagar (d) Nashik
Roy
J & K PSC 2021 Paper-(I)
D. 4. Keshab Ans. (a): Due to direct rule of British in Kolhapur, the
Chandra Sen bitterness created among Gadkaris, who were hereditary
Select the correct answer using the codes given servants of Marathas. The revolt took place in 1844
below. because on account arbitrary method of land revenue,
(a) A B C dismissal from service and placing their land under the
2 1 4 supervision of mamlatdars.
(b) A B C 11. Name the revolutionary woman, who
1 2 3 participated in the Peasant Movement of
(c) A B C Bijolia and was arrested. She also participated
3 2 4 in 1930 Satyagrah and 1932 Civil Disobedience
(d) A B C Movement and was sentenced to Jail-
1 4 3 (a) Rama Devi
69th BPSC (Pre) 2023 (b) Ratan Shashtri
(c) Anjana Devi Chaudhary
Ans. (a) : The correct match is as follows :-
(d) Kishori Devi
List—I List—II RAS/RTS (PRE.) 2021
Servants of - Gopal Krishna Ans. (a): Rama Devi was associated with the Bijolia
India Society Gokhale Movement of Rajasthan. She also participated in 1930
Tattwabodhini - Debendranath Satyagrah and 1932 Civil Disobedience Movement.
Sabha Tagore 12. Indigo cultivation in India declined by the
Atmiya Sabha - Ram Mohan beginning of the 20th century because of
(a) peasant resistance to the oppressive conduct
Roy
of planters
8. "A Sanyasi who came to that district after a (b) its unprofitability in the world market because
spell as an indentured laboures in Fiji carrying of new inventions
a copy of Tulsidas Ramayana on his back, from (c) national leader’s opposition to the cultivation
which he would recite verses to rural of indigo
audience." The peasant leader referred to (d) Government control over the planters
here is UPSC IAS (Pre) 2020
History of Modern India 65 YCT
Ans. (b): Indigo known as blue gold was mainly 17. Who among the following were the leaders of
exported from India by the British to the European Indigo Revolt?
markets. By the 19th century, this export ruined the (a) Budhu Bhagat and Jhind Manaki
German indigo market. Faced by high prices charged by (b) Deenbandhu Mitra and Madhusudan Dutt
the British traders for indigo dye, German chemists had (c) Birsa Munda and Gaya Munda
already started their search for making synthetic indigo. (d) Digambar Biswas and Bishnu Charan Biswas
(e) Sidhu and Kanhu Santhal
The synthetic dye was much cheaper and deatt the final
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) Ist, 2012
blow to the natural plant produced indigo dye. This is
Ans-(d) The Indigo Revolt (1859-60) began from
the main reason for the decline of indigo cultivation in
Govindpur village of Nadiya district of West Bengal
India by the beginning of 20th century. under the leadership of two former employees of indigo
13. The term 'Blue Mutiny' is used for ______ producers, Digambar Biswas and Bishnu Charan
(a) Sanyasi Revolt (b) Santhal Revolt Biswas. They organized the peasants and refused to
(c) Kol Revolt (d) Indigo Revolt cultivate indigo. This revolt of Bengal was launched
Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I against the British planters who forced peasants to take
Ans. (d): Indigo revolt is also known as Blue Mutiny. advances and sign fraudulent contracts which forced
The revolt started in the villages of Gobindpur and peasants to grow indigo according to the terms which
Chanugacha of Krishna Nagar in Nadia and led the first were least profitable to them. All the cultivators of
revolt against the planter of Bengal in 1859, by Bishnu indigo in Bengal revolted against the landlords in
Charan Biswas and Digambar Biswas. September, 1859. The revolt was widely spread over the
regions of Nadiya, Khulna, Pabna, Dhaka, Denajpur and
14. Who among the following organised a social Malda etc. As a result of the strike, all the indigo
banditry by raising a Peasant force in factories have been shut down. The intelligentsia class
Maharashtra in 1879? supported the revolt with their articles and rallies. The
(a) Ajay Gokhale editor of ‘Hindu Patriot’ Harish Chandra Mukherjee
(b) Rajendra Tilak played a significant role in this agitation. After the
(c) Vasudev Balwant Phadke revolt, the colonial authorities set up the Indigo
(d) Vijay Ghatge Commission to enquire into the grievances of the Indigo
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019 cultivators. Dinbandhu Mitra portrayed this revolt in his
Ans. (c): Vasudev Balwant Phadke was an educated play ‘Neel Darpan’ enacted in 1869 AD and written in
clerk in the military accounts department in Pune. He is 1858-59, Indigo Commission came in 1860.
also known as the father of Indian armed rebellion. He 18. Consider the following statements relating to
organized social banditry on a large scale in Indigo Revolt
Maharashtra in 1879 by raising a Ramosi peasant force 1. The Indigo Revolt is particularly memorable
for the role played by the intelligentsia to
of about 50.
uphold the cause of the movement.
15. Velu Thampi led a rebellion against the British 2. After the revolt, the colonial authorities set
in- up the Indigo Commission to enquire into the
(a) Kerala (b) Maharashtra grievances of the Indigo cultivators.
(c) Mysore (d) Telangana Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2002 (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
Ans-(a) In 1808-09 AD, Velu Thampi, the Diwan of (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Travancore (Kerala) rose in rebellion against the British UPSC CDS Ist 2010
attempt to remove him from the Diwanship and the Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
heavy burden imposed on the state through the 19. Which one of the following statement about the
subsidiary alliance in 1805 AD. He was able to garner a Indigo Revolt of 1859 is correct?
good support from the Nair battalion against British. He (a) It broke out at Poona and Ahmednagar
took his own life in order to avoid capture by the British (b) It was directed against money lenders
(c) It was supported by the Intelligentsia of Bengal
in 1809.
(d) It was directed against the petty Zamindars and
16. The Travancore Rebellion in 1809 was led by ex-employees of the European Indigo planters
its Diwan................ UPSC CAPF Exam Ist 2017
(a) Velu Thampi (b) Kerala Varma Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) Marudu Pandyan (d) None of the above 20. Assertion (A): Indigo planting in India was
Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I encouraged by the British.
Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above Reason (R): Blue dye was in great demand in
question. India.

History of Modern India 66 YCT

 Codes: Ans. (b) Taluqdars were related to noble class. They
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the were the owners of large lands during the Mughal and
Correct Explanation of (A) the British region. They were hereditary. Taluqdars
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not were primarily authorised to levy the taxes.
correct explanation of (A) 24. Kuka Movement was organized by-
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false (a) Guru Ram Das (b) Guru Nanak
(c) Guru Ram Singh (d) Guru Govind Singh
(d) (A) is false bur (R) is true
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002
Manipur PSC-2013
Ans-(c) The origin of Kuka Movement had its roots in
Ans. (c): Blue dye was in immense demand in Europe. the religious purification of Sikhism. But later on it was
This compelled the British to push the Indian farmers to transformed into a political movement. The Kuka
produce more indigo instead of the food grains on their Movement was initiated by Bhagat Jawahar Mal also
Lands. This excess cultivation of indigo not only reduced known as Sian Sahib in 1840 in Western Punjab. The
the soil fertility but also made the food grains less people of Namdhari sect are also called Kuka. Guru
available. So, statement (A) is true but (R) is not correct. Ram Singh was the leader of Kuka Movement. He was
21. Match the List–I with List–II and select the expelled to Rangoon in 1872 AD where he died in 1885
AD. The Kuka movement was quite similar with
correct answer from the codes given below :
Wahabi movement because where Kuka Movement was
List-I List-II centralised for purification in Sikh religion, the Wahabi
A. Rampa Rebellion 1. 1859-60 movement was for revival of Islam.
B. Pabna Peasant Revolt 2. 1879-80 25. Kuka Movement was founded in-
C. Bengal Indigo Revolt 3. 1860-63 (a) Bengal (b) Bihar
D. Jaintia Rebellion 4. 1873-76 (c) Punjab (d) Maharashtra
Codes : UPPSC RO/ARO (Pre) 2017
A B C D Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) 2 1 3 4 26. The demand for the Tebhaga Peasant Movement
(b) 2 4 1 3 in Bengal was for-
(c) 1 2 3 4 (a) the reduction of the share of the landlords from
one-half of the crop to one-third
(d) 4 2 1 3
(b) the grant of ownership of land to peasants as
UPPSC RO/ARO (Re-exam) 2016 they were the actual cultivators of the land
Ans. (b) : The correct match is as follows - (c) the uprooting of Zamindari system and the end
Rampa Rebellion – 1879-80 of serfdom
Pabna Peasant Revolt – 1873-76 (d) writing off all peasant debts
Bengal Indigo Revolt – 1859-60 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2013
Jaintia Rebellion – 1860-63 Ans-(a) The Tebhaga Movement was a militant
22. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct campaign initiated in Bengal by the Kisan Sabha in
answer using the codes given below the lists: 1946. The demand of the Tebhaga Peasant Movement
List-I List-II was for the reduction of share of the landlords from
(Movement) (Year) one-half of the crop to one-third. The prominent leaders
A. Pabna 1. 1855-56 of the movement were the Kansari Halder, Ganesh Das,
Ashok Bose. The movement continued till 1950, when
B. Eka 2. 1873-85
the Bargadari Act was enacted which provided that the
C. Santhal 3. 1922
share of the harvest given to the landlords would be
D. Tana Bhagat 4. 1914
limited to one third of the total.
A B C D A B C D
27. Who among the following was the leader of some
(a) 1 2 4 3 (b) 2 3 1 4
anti-British revolts in Sambalpur?
(c) 3 1 4 2 (d) 4 3 2 1
(a) Tirat Singh (b) Surendra Sai
UPPCS (Pre) 2019
(C) Kattabomman (d) Sayyid Ahmad Barelvi
Ans (b): The correct match is as follows :- IAS (Pre) G.S. 1994
Pabna Movement 1873-85 Ans-(b) Due to the interference by the British
Eka Movement 1922 government in the internal affairs of Sambalpur of
Santhal Movement 1855-56 Odisha, the leader of Sambalpur, Surendra Sai rebelled
Tana Bhagat Movement 1914 against the British. In 1849, the British government put
23. Who was Taluqdar? Surendra Sai in jail. After releasing from the jail,
(a) A small cultivator Surendra Sai became re-active towards the British and
(b) A large landlord fought the guerrilla war against them in the revolt of
(c) Who managed religious shrines 1857. In 1861 AD, the British punished Surendra Sai
(d) Who collected the jaziah from people for lifelong imprisonment. As a result he died in jail on
Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2018 February 28, 1884.
History of Modern India 67 YCT
28. Which of the following places was the centre of Ans. (d) The Deoband Movement was started at
the Gadkari rebellion? Deoband, Saharanpur district (United Provinces) in
(a) Bihar Sharif (b) Kolhapur 1866 by Mohammad Qasim Nanautavi (1832-80) and
(c) Surat (d) Sylhet Rashid Ahmed Gangohi (1828- 1905) to train religious
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1999 leaders from the Muslim community and propagating
Ans-(b) The Gadkaris were the hereditary servants of pure teachings of the Quran and Hadis among Muslims.
the Marathas attached to their forts who revolted in Md. Qasim Nanautavi founded Darul Uloom Deoband
Kolhapur in 1844 due to pitiable land revenue and and learning centre on 21st May 1866.
acquisition policies. Their leader was Daji Krishna 33. The very first peasant movement of India was-
Pandit. The British army struggled hard to suppress the (a) Champaran (b) Bardoli
rebellion.
(c) Begun (d) Bijolia
29. The Pagalpanthi rebellion was indeed a rebellion of-
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 1992
(a) Bhils (b) Garos
Ans-(d) Bijolia was the very first peasant movement of
(c) Gonds (d) Kolis
India which started in Bijolia (now in Bhilwara district)
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1999
Ans-(b) Pagal Panthis (a semi religious group) were a of Mewar principality in 1897 AD. The movement took
mixture of the Hinduism, Sufism and Animism, who place in three stages. It was a movement against
became prominent in Bengal in initial years of 19th excessive revenue extortion-
century. The sect was founded by Karam Shah of North First Stage- 1897 to 1916 under the leadership of Sadhu
Bengal. His son Tipu Shah led these people to uphold Sitaram Das, was marked by spontaneous movement.
the religion and rights of the peasants in Bengal. Tipu Second Stage- 1916 to 1923 under the leadership of
captured Sherpur in 1825 AD and assumed royal power. Vijay Singh Pathik, saw a rise in the consciousness of
He appointed a judge, a magistrate and a collector to the peasant class.
control the administration. The insurgents extended Third Stage- 1923 to 1941 under the leadership of
their activities to Garo Hills. The area remained Manikya Lal Verma, saw a decline in movement.
disturbed till the 1830s and 1840s. 34. Consider the following statements about the
30. The Tarkeshwar Movement of 1924 in Bengal Deccan Riots (1875)
was against- 1. It was a peasant revolt but not a movement
(a) Corruption in temples of the poor tribals or landless peasants.
(b) Violence 2. It was led by the relatively better-off sections
(c) Arrest of political leaders of the peasantry, who were called Kunbi
(d) Communalism peasants in Maharashtra.
UPPCS (Pre) Re-Exam G.S. 2015 Which of the statement(s) given above is/ are correct?
Ans-(a) The Tarkeshwar Movement (Tarakeshwar (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
Satyagraha) of 1924 in Bengal was against the (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
corruption in temples. Tarkeshwar Satyagraha was UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2010
started by Swami Viswanand against a corrupt Mahant
Ans-(c) Deccan riots was a peasant revolt but not a
and later it was taken up by C.R. Das.
movement of the poor tribals or landless peasants. It
31. Who founded Ramosi Krishak Jatha in
was led by the relatively better-off sections of the
Maharashtra?
peasantry, who were called Kunbi peasants in
(a) Justice Ranade
Maharashtra. In 1875, the peasants of Maharashtra in
(b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(c) Vasudeo Balwant Phadke some parts of Pune, Satara and Ahmednagar districts
(d) Jyotiba Phule revolted against increasing agrarian distress. The
BPSC (Pre) 1994 Deccan riots of 1875 targeted conditions of debt
Ans-(c) Ramosi Krishak Jatha was founded by Vasudeo peonage (Kamiuti) to moneylenders. The rioters
Balwant Phadke (1845-83) in 1879. The Ramosi specific purpose was to obtain and destroy the bonds,
farmers revolted against the atrocities of the landlords. decrees and other documents in the possession of the
He unified the Ramosis and converted them into combat money lenders. Thus, both statement 1 & 2 are correct.
force. He was arrested and sentenced for lifelong 35. Which of the following are the characteristics of
imprisonment and later died in 1883 AD due to hunger Sanyasi and Fakir uprisings?
strike against the British rule. 1. These uprisings refer to a series of skirmishes
32. The Deoband Movement in U.P. (United between the British East India Company and
Provinces) started in the year- a group of sanyasis and fakirs
(a) 1900 AD (b) 1888 AD 2. One reason for the uprising was the ban on
(c) 1885 AD (d) 1866 AD free movement of the sanyasis along the
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2016 pilgrimage route
History of Modern India 68 YCT
 3. In the course of uprisings in 1773, Warren 38. The Deccan Agriculturists Relief Act of 1879
Hastings issued a proclamation banishing all provided protection for the peasants against
sanyasis from Bengal and Bihar the exploitation by the:
4. Are contemporaneous with Non-Cooperation (a) Land lords (b) Government Officials
Movement (c) Planters (d) Money lenders
Select the correct answer using the codes TS PSC Group-I & II -2017
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 3 only Ans. (d): In 1879, the Deccan Agriculturists Relief Act
(c) 1,2 and 3 (d) 2 and 4 only was passed which ensured that the farmers could not be
UPSC CDS IInd G.S. 2015 arrested and imprisoned if they were unable to pay their
Ans-(c) The Sanyasi and Fakir uprising (1770-80) debts. It provided protection for the peasants against the
indicate the clashes with East India Company. The main exploitation by the money lenders.
reason behind the uprising of sanyasis was the ban of 39. The Tebhaga Movement was started in 1946
British government imposed on pilgrimage. Warren from Bengal under the leadership of–
Hastings suppressed the uprising in 1773 AD and (a) Muslim League
expelled sanyasis from Bengal. The Sanyasi uprising (b) Kisan Sabha
was not contemporaneous with Non-Cooperation (c) Indian National Congress
Movement because Non-Cooperation Movement took (d) Trade Union
place between 1920-22. (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
36. The Indigo Rebellion was about? 66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre)
(a) the peasant not wanting to grow indigo but Ans.(b): Tebhaga Movement of 1946 was a
being forced to sharecroppers’ movement against the owners of the
(b) the peasant wanting to grow indigo but being lands, demanding two third of the produces from the
forced not to land for themselves and one third for the landlords. Kisan
(c) the peasant not wanting to grow indigo but Sabha provided leadership to the movement. It is the
being forced to grow at a price that was Peasant wing of the communist party of India. The
unacceptable Prominent leader of Tebhaga movement were Kansari
(d) protest movement that carried an indigo- Halder, Rash Behari Ghosh, Ashok Bose and Ganesh Das.
coloured flag 40. Tebhaga Movement (1946) was associated with-
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above (a) Labours (b) Farmers
64th BPSC (Pre)-2018 (c) Students (d) Muslims
Ans-(c) The Indigo Revolt (1859-60) was one of the UPPSC Food & Sanitary Inspector Exam 2013
most struggling and vast movements for its economical Ans-(b) See the explanaton of above question.
demands. The Indigo cultivators revolted at the Nadia 41. Who was leader of Krishak Praja Party in Bengal?
District of Bengal by refusing to cultivate Indigo. British (a) Khwaja Nizamuddin (b) Fazl-ul-Huq
planters forced the peasants to grow indigo in their lands (c) Sikandar Hayat Khan (d) Khizr Hayat Khan
even if they did not want to. The peasant were forced to UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
sell indigo at non-profitable rates by signing fraudulent
Ans: (b) Fazl-ul-Huq was the leader of Krishak Praja
deals with the British/Europeon planters. Party in Bengal. In 1936, Fazl-ul-Huq added a new
37. The immediate cause of the Deccan Riots of 1875 was colour to Bengal politics by taking together the
(a) the shadow of a famine interests of the krishaks (peasants) as well as of the
(b) high interest rates charged by Mahajans prajas (tenants). To mobilize this selection of peasants
(c) high land revenue rates behind the Party and capture their support, Fazlul Huq
(d) protest against imposition of religious reforms started a campaign for the abolition of the Zamindari
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above system.
64th BPSC (Pre)-2018 42. As a compromise with the planters, Gandhi
Ans-(b) The Deccan Riots started in Maharashtra in agreed that they refund the money they had
1875. Ryotwari System had the genesis of these riots. In taken illegally from the peasants. What
this system, the revenue of land was fixed on a yearly percentage was being refunded by them?
basis. Being not capable of paying the revenue, the (a) 15% (b) 50%
farmers were trapped by money-lenders. The uprising (c) 75% (d) 25%
began at Supa village in the district of Poona (Pune). Himachal PSC (Pre) 2018
The movement continued for 2 months and spread to Ans-(d) 'Champaran Agrarian Committee' was formed
over 30 villages. It was backed by 'Poona Sarvajanik in July 1917. Gandhiji was one of its members. On the
Sabha'. In 1879, the Agriculture Relief Act was passed recommendation of this committee 'Tinkathiya System'
which ensured that the farmers could not be arrested was abolished and the peasants were paid back 25% of
and imprisoned if they were unable to pay their debts. the money which was illegaly extorted by the British.

History of Modern India 69 YCT

43. Where had Baba Ramchandra organized the Code:
farmers? A B C D
(a) Awadh (b) Bihar (a) 1 2 3 4
(c) Bengal (d) Andhra (b) 3 4 1 2
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2008 (c) 4 3 2 1
(d) 2 4 1 3
UP UDA/LDA (Mains) 2010
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998
Ans-(a) In Awadh, the peasant movement was led by Ans-(b) Sahajanand Saraswati formed a small Kisan
Baba Ramchandra, a sanyasi who had earlier worked in Sabha in Patna. Late in 1929 he established the Bihar
Fiji as an indentured labourer. The movement was Provincial Kisan Sabha (BPKS) to mobilize peasant
against talukdars and landlords who demanded high grievances against the zamindari attacks on their
rents from the peasants. occupancy rights and thus sparking the Farmers’
44. All India Kisan Sabha was founded in- movement in India. Lalkurti Organization also known
(a) Barabanki (1918) (b) Allahabad (1928) as Khudai Khidmatgar under the leadership of Khan
(c) Lucknow (1936) (d) Patna (1937) Abdul Gaffar Khan (also known as Frontier Gandhi)
played an effectual role during Civil Disobedience
UPPSC ACF/RFO (Pre) 2017
Movement in North-West Frontier Province (NWFP).
Ans-(c) The All India Kisan Congress was founded in Swami Ramanand was one of the most prominent leader
Lucknow on April 11, 1936 with Swami Sahajanand of the peasants in Hyderabad while Abdul Hamid Khan
Saraswati as the President and N. G. Ranga as the was working for peasants in Southern Assam.
General Secretary. Later it was renamed as All India 49. Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha was formed in-
Kisan Sabha (AIKS). Jawaharlal Nehru participated in (a) 1929 (b) 1930
the first meeting of AIKS. The other participating (c) 1931 (d) 1932
members of this meeting were Jay Prakash Narayan, (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Acharya Narendra Dev and Kamal Sarkar. BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
45. Which one of the following Congress leaders had
50. Swami Sahajanand was related with-
participated in the first meeting of All India
(a) Tribal Movement in Bihar
Kisan Sabha? (b) Caste Movement in Bihar
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru (b) M. K. Gandhi (c) Farmers Movement in Bihar
(c) Subhash Chandra Bose (d) Rajendra Prasad (d) Labour Movement in Bihar
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017 BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
46. The place where the first meeting of All India 51. Who among the following was linked closely with
Kisan Sabha was held - Kisan Sabha Movement in the 1930s?
(a) Allahabad (b) Calcutta (a) Swami Vidyananda (b) Swami Sahajananda
(c) Lucknow (d) Patna (c) Baba Ramananda (d) Sardar Patel
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. Ist Paper 2013
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2008
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
UP UDA/LDA (Mains) 2010
52. Match the following-
BPSC (Pre) 2007-08 A. Bardoli Satyagraha 1. Gandhi
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. B. Champaran Satyagraha 2. Ramsingh
47. Who was the founder president of All India C. Kuka Movement 3. Gaffar Khan
Kisan Sabha? D. Lal Kurti 4. Sardar Patel
(a) Acharya Narendra Dev Code:
(b) Swami Sahajanand Saraswati A B C D
(c) Bankim Mukherji (a) 4 1 2 3
(d) Jaiprakash Narayan (b) 1 3 2 4
(c) 3 2 1 4
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2015 (d) 2 4 3 1
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992
48. In the 1930s, peasant movements were started in Ans-(a) The Bardoli Satyagraha, 1928 was a movement
different parts of the country at the instance of in the independence struggle led by Sardar Vallabh Bhai
various leaders. Match them with their respective Patel for the farmers of Bardoli against the unjust
areas of influence. raising of taxes. Mahatma Gandhi used Satyagraha for
A. Sahajanand Saraswati 1. Hyderabad the first time in 1917 in Champaran district of Bihar in
B. Khudai Khidmatgars 2. Southern Assam response to ‘Tinkathia Syatem’. Ram Singh was associated
C. Swami Ramanand 3. Bihar to Kuka Movement (1860-72). Kuka Movement had its
roots in religious purification of the Sikhism.
D. Abdul Hamid Khan 4. NWFP
History of Modern India 70 YCT
53. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct (c) Swami Sahajanand Saraswati
answer from the code given below- (d) Acharya Narendra Dev
A. Bardoli Satyagraha 1. Swami Shraddhanand (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Saraswati BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017
B. Bhartiya Kisan 2. Sardar Vallabhbhai Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Vidyalaya Patel 58. Who organized Kisan Sabha at Munger in 1922-
C. Bengal Praja Party 3. Fazlul Haq 23?
D. Bakasht Agitation 4. N. G. Ranga (a) Swami Sahajanand Saraswati
(b) Shri Krishna Singh
Code:
(c) Mohammed Jubair
A B C D (d) K. N. Singh
(a) 2 3 4 1 (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
(b) 2 4 3 1 BPSC (Pre) 2017-18
(c) 1 4 2 3 Ans-(e) The Kisan Sabha at Munger during the period
(d) 4 1 3 2 of 1922-23 was organized by Mohammed Jubair and
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2006 Shri Krishna Singh. The organization was founded to
Ans-(b) The Bardoli Satyagraha, 1928 was a movement mobilize the grievances of the peasants against the
in the independence struggle led by Sardar Vallabh Bhai oppressive policies of zamindars and middlemen. In
Patel for the farmers of Bardoli against the unjust 1929 Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha was founded and
raising of taxes. N. G. Ranga founded Bhartiya Kisan later in 1936 All India Kisan Sabha was formed
Vidyalaya. Fazlul Haq founded Bengal Praja Party also with Swami Sahajanand Saraswati as its first President.
known as Krishak Praja Party in 1937. The Bakasht 59. The Sarabandi (no tax) campaign of 1922 was led
agitation of Bihar was related to Swami Shraddhanand by-
Saraswati. (a) Bhagat Singh (b) Chittaranjan Das
(c) Rajaguru (d) Vallabhbhai Patel
54. The leader of the Bardoli Satyagraha (1928) was:
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
(a) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (b) Mahatma Gandhi Ans-(d) The Sarabandi (no tax) campaign of 1922 was
(c) Vithalbhai J. Patel (d) Mahadev Desai led by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. In this campaign, the
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003 peasants decided not to pay the taxes.
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 60. Which of the following Satyagrahas was not led
55. Swami Sahajananda Saraswati formed the All by Mahatma Gandhi?
India United Kisan Sabha with the demand for (a) Quit India Movement (b) Civil Disobedience
the ‘nationalization of land and waterways’- (c) Bardoli (e) Kheda
(a) Just before his death (b) in the 1930s UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2005
(c) At a very young age (d) in the 1920s Ans-(c) The Bardoli Satyagraha, 1928 was a movement
BPSC (Pre) 2015 in the independence struggle led by Sardar Vallabh Bhai
Ans-(a) The All India Kisan Sabha (Akhil Bhartiya Patel for the farmers of Bardoli against the unjust
Kisan Congress) was founded at Lucknow in April, raising of taxes. For his great organizational skills,
1936 with Swami Sahajananda Saraswati as President. Mahatma Gandhi gave him the title of ‘Sardar’ during
Sahajananda, just before his death, pointed the direction this movement. The Kheda Satyagraha was launched by
Mahatma Gandhi in 1918 in the Kheda district of
of the future peasant movement by forming an All-India
Gujarat. In order to liberate the country from
United Kisan Sabha (AIUKS), whose fundamental
colonialism, Mahatma Gandhi launched Civil
demand was the nationalisation of land and waterways
Disobedience Movement in 1930. The Quit India
and all sources of energy and wealth. Movement, or the August Movement, was
56. Akhil Bhartiya Kisan Congress was founded in: a movement launched at the Bombay Session of the All-
(a) 1936 AD India Congress Committee by Mahatma Gandhi on 8
(b) 1939 AD August 1942, during World War II, demanding an end
(c) 1942 AD to British Rule from India.
(d) 1945 AD 61. Which event earned for Vallabhbhai Patel the
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above title of 'Sardar'?
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017 (a) The Khera Satyagraha
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (b) The integration of India Stats with India
57. Who was elected the first President of All India (c) The Ahedabad Textile Labour Association
Kisan Sabha Lucknow in 1936? (d) The Bardoli Satyagraha
(a) N. G. Ranga Himachal PSC (Pre) 2016
(b) E.M.S. Namboodripad Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 71 YCT
 62. In which of the following movement Sardar 68. ‘Nai-Dhobi Bandh’ was form of social boycott in
Vallabhbhai Patel played an important role? 1919 which-
(a) Bijolia Movement (a) was started by the farmers of Pratapgarh district
(b) Dandi March (b) was a movement started by saints for the
(c) Strike of textile mill workers in Ahmedabad emancipation of the people of lower classes
(c) was a step against contractors of lower caste by
(d) Bardoli Satyagraha
landlords
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2002 (d) was a movement against contractors by lower
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. caste
63. The leader of Bardoli Satyagraha (1928) was- BPSC (Pre) 1994
(a) Sardar Patel (b) Vitthalbhai J. Patel Ans-(a) Towards the end of 1919, the first signs of
(c) Mahadev Desai (d) Mahatma Gandhi grass-roots peasant activity were evident in the reports
BPSC (Pre) 1996 of a Nai-Dhobi Bandh (a form of social boycott) in an
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 1997-98 estate in Pratapgarh district. The movement was led by
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2004-05 Baba Ramchandra. The movement was against the
Talukdars and Landlords in Awadh as they imposed
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
high rent.
64. Mahatma Gandhi gave the title of ‘Sardar’ to 69. Who among the following was not associated with
Vallabhbhai Patel for his great organizational the formation of U.P. Kisan Sabha in February,
skills in- 1918?
(a) The Kheda Satyagraha (a) Indra Narain Dwivedi
(b) The Bardoli Satyagraha (b) Gauri Shankar Mishra
(c) The Salt Satyagraha (c) Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) The Individual Satyagraha (d) Madan Mohan Malviya
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2010-11 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005
Ans-(c) During second half of 19th century, the situation
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
of Awadh peasants were very bad due to exorbitant
65. Who gave Vallabhbhai Patel the title of ‘Sardar’? rents, renewal fees or nazrana, and arbitrary ejectments
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Pandit Nehru or bedakhali had made life tough for peasants. This led
(c) Maulana Azad (d) Kasturba to formation of U.P. Kisan Sabha by the efforts of Gauri
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 1997-98 Shankar Mishra, Indra Narain Dwivedi and Madan
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Mohan Malviya, in February, 1918.
66. Who led the Bardoli Satyagraha of 1928? 70. Who formed Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha?
(a) Followers of Gandhiji (a) Swami Sahajanand Saraswati
(b) Congress Socialist Party (b) Ram Sunder Singh
(c) Leftist (c) Ganga Sharan Sinha
(d) Ramanand Mishra
(d) Kisan Sabha
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Uttarakhand RO/ARO (M) G.S. Ist 2016
65th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019
Ans-(a) In the year 1928, the Kisan movement was Ans-(a) Swami Sahajanand Saraswati founded the
started for not paying the increased tax in Bardoli taluka Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha. Its first secretary was
of Surat district. The movement was led by followers of Shri Krishna Singh.
Gandhiji like Kunwarji Mehta, Keshavji Mehta and 71. Tebhaga Revolt of 1946 took place in:
Vallabhbhai Patel. (a) Gujarat (b) Punjab
67. What was the aim of Eka Movement in Awadh? (c) Sind (d) Bengal
(a) To stop to give rent to the Government OPSC (OCS)-2018 Paper-I
(b) To protect the rights of landlords Ans. (d): The Tebhaga Movement of Bengal in 1946
(c) End of Satyagraha was the most powerful in the peasant movement. The
(d) Transformation of rent into cash farmers started a struggle to reduce the rate of rent to
one-third as per the recommendation of the ‘Floud
BPSC (Pre) 1994
Commission’. The ‘Tebhaga Movement’ of Bengal was
Ans-(d) The Eka Movement which was widely spread
to provide two-third of the crop to the oppressed
in Hardoi, Barabanki, Bahraich, Sitapur and Lucknow sharecroppers. Kamparam Singh and Bhavan Singh
region of northern districts of Awadh was launched by were leader of this movement. Whole movement led by
Madari Pasi in 1921. The main demand of the the All India Kisan Sabha. Initially, only few peasants
movement was conversion of produce (batai) into cash. participated but in Jan 1947, The Bengal Bargadars
The British government brutally suppressed the Temporary Regulation Bill incorporated the demand of
movement in March, 1922. the Sharecroppers.

History of Modern India 72 YCT

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11.
Social and Religious
Reform Movements
1. The ‘‘Khudai Khidmatgar’’ (Servants of God) In 1920s, Akali movement was started to purify Sikh
was founded by: Gurudwaras in Punjab. The Gurudwara reform
(a) Shaukat Ali movement was a mass movement against the British
(b) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan government and their loyal Mahant (priests) that had
(c) M.A. Jinnah taken over some of their Gurudwaras.
(d) M.A. Ansari 4. Who among the following was NOT a
UK PSC (Pre) 2024 Derozian?
(a) Ramgopal Ghosh
Ans.(b): The Khudai Khidmatgar (Servants of God)
(b) Radha Kanta Deb
was founded by Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan. It is also
known by Red Shirts Movement which aim was (c) Radhakanta Sikdar
focusing on education and the elimination, of blood (d) Krishna Mohan Banerjee j
feuds. Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan was also known as Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022
‘Frontier Gandhi’. Ans. (b) : The Derozians were a radical group of Bengali
2. To propagate the ideas of Raja Ram Mohan free thinkers who emerged from Hindu College.
Roy, who founded the ‘Tatvabodhini Sabha’ in Ramgopal Ghosh, Radhanath Sikdar, Ramtanu Lahiri,
1839? Krishna Mohan Banarjee, Dakshinaranjan Mukherjee
(a) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar etc. were a few prominent members are known as
Derozians. Radhakant Deb was not the member of
(b) Dayanand Saraswati
Derozians.
(c) Debendranath Tagore
5. Which social reformer of Maharastra was
(d) Bal Shastri Jambekar
popularly known as 'Lokahitawadi'?
UK PSC (Pre) 2024 (a) Atmaram Pandurang
Ans.(c): Tattvabodhism Sabha was founded by (b) Pandita Ramabai
Debendranath Tagore in 1939 with aim to encourage (c) Jyotiba Phule
religious inquiries and dessiminate the essence of
(d) Gopal Hari Deshmukh
Upnishads.
Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022
3. Which of the following statements is/are
Ans. (d) : The Social reformer Gopal Hari Deshmukh was
correct?
popularly known as Lokahitwadi.
A. Arya Samaj was started in 1875 by Swami
6. The Satyashodak Samaj was established by
Dayanand Sarasati.
(a) Gandhi (b) Phule
B. Vivekananda condemned rituals and
(c) Tukaram (d) Ramabai
superstitions.
C. The theosophists advocated the revival and Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022
strengthening of Hinduism Ans. (b) : Satyashodak Samaj was a social reform society
D. In 1920s, Akali Movement was started to founded by Jyotibha Phule in Pune Maharashtra with
purify Sikh Gurudwaras in Punjab aim to mitigate the distress and sufferings of Dalits and
womens.
Choose the correct answer:
(a) A, B and D (b) A, B, C and D 7. The Self Respect Movement in South India was
led by
(c) A, B and C (d) B, C and D
(a) Velu Thampi (b) Ramachandran
TSPSC (Pre) 2023
(c) Periyar (d) Narayan Guru
Ans. (b) : Arya Samaj founded in 1875 by Swami
Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022
Dayanand. Swami Dayanand believed that there was
Ans. (c) : The self respect movement in South India was
only one God who was to be worshipped not in the form
of images but as a spirit. Hence, statement-1 is correct. led by E.V. Ramasamy, also known as Periyar. The aim
Vivekananda condemned rituals and superstitions. of movement was to achieve social equality for those
oppressed by the Indian Caste system.
Hence, statement-II is correct.
History of Modern India 73 YCT
8. Shri Narayan Guru carried out social reforms Ans. (a) : Sambad Kaumudi, a Bengali weekly was
among edited by Raja Ram Mohan Roy, in this weekly
(a) Jats of Jaunpur Magazine, in his articles he condemned the custom of
(b) Ezhavas of Kerala widow burning and other social evils.
(c) Reddys of Andhra Pradesh Hence both assertion (A) an reason (R) are correct
(d) Balmikis of Punjab
and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022 12. Who appointed Keshav Chandra Sen as the
Chief Acharya of Brahmo Samaj?
Ans. (b) : Shri Narayan Guru founded Sree Narayana
(a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Dharma Paripalana (SNDP) Yogam, which was a social
organisation that aimed to uplift the Ezhava community (b) N.G. Chandavarkar
and other marginalised groups in Kerala. (c) Devendranath Tagore
(d) Mahadev Govind Ranade
9. Who had established the Manav Dharma
MPPSC (Pre) 2024 23/06/2024
Sabha at Surat and Paramahansa Mandali at
Bombay? Ans.(c): Devendranath Tagore appointed Keshub
(a) Atmaram Pandurang Tarkhadkar Chandra Sen as the Chief Acharya of Brahmo Samaj in
the year 1862. Tagore gave the title 'Brahmananda' to
(b) Dadoba Pandurang Tarkhadkar
Keshub Chandra Sen.
(c) R.G. Bhandarkar
13. How did the study of history help in creating a
(d) K.T. Telang feeling of nationalism in India towards the end
MH PSC (Pre) 2022 of the 19th century?
Ans. (b) : Dadoba Pandurang established the Manav (a) By reinterpreting history and refuting the
Dharma Sabha at Surat and Paramhansa Mandali at British portrayal of Indians as backward,
Bombay. primitive and incapable of governing
10. Which of the following statement is true with to themselves.
Lex Loci Act, 1850? (b) By writing about India's glorious past and
urging people to take pride in their
(a) It was to protect British Indigo planters
achievements.
(b) It was to protect the interest of British (c) By urging people to struggle and change the
capitalists miserable conditions of life under the British
(c) Provided right to inherit properties to Hindu rule.
converts to Christianity (d) More than one of the above
(d) Imposed the condition on Indian soldiers to (e) None of the above
serve outside India 68th BPSC 2022
J & K PSC Pre 2022 Ans. (d): The study of history help in creating a feeling
Ans.(c):The Lex Loci Act, 1850 was for protecting the of nationalism in India towards the end of the 19th
right of a convert to inherit ancestral property. It century by -
gane the Christian converts to the right to inherit • Reinterpreting history and refuting the British
their ancestral properties. portrayal of Indians as backward, primitive and
11. Given below are two statements, in which one incapable of governing themselves.
is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as • Writing about India's glorious past and urging people
Reason (R): to take pride in their achievements.
Assertion (A) : Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the • Urging people to struggle and change the miserable
Editor of ‘‘Sambad Kaumudi’’, a Bengali conditions of life under the British rule.
weekly. Hence, all statements are correct.
Reason (R) : His articles condemning the 14. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
custom of widow burning were published in it. (a) Radhaswami Satsang – Lahore
Select the correct answer using the code given (b) Bharat Dharma Mahamandal – Dehli
below: (c) Sanatan Dharma Rakshini Sabha – Calcutta
Code- (d) Deva Samaj – Banaras
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct UPPSC (Pre) 2022
explanation of (A). Ans. (c) : Radha Swami or Radhaswami Panth is a
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the spiritual tradition founded by Seth Shiv Dayal Singh in
correct explanation of (A). 1861 in Agra, India.
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false. Bharat Dharma Mahamandala was a prominent Hindu
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true. organization founded by Pandit Din Dayalu Sharma in
UPPCS RO/ARO (Pre) 2023 (Cancelled) Haridwar in 1887.
History of Modern India 74 YCT
Sanatan Dharma Rakshini Sabha' was established in Select the correct answer using the codes given
1883 at Kolkata. below.
Shiv Narayan Agnihotri founded a quasi-religious (a) (ii), (i), (iii), (iv)
reform movement called Dev Samaj in 1887 at Lahore. (b) (i), (ii), (iv), (iii)
15. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct (c) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii)
answer from the code given below the lists. (d) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
List-I List-II Assam PSC (Pre) 2022
(Persons) (Associated works/Posts) Ans. (d) : The correct chronological order of events is
A. D.K. Karve 1. Establishment of as -
Girls School in
Calcutta Regulation against - Bengal Regulatory
B. J.E.D. Bethune 2. Secretary, Widow Re- infanticide Act XXI of 1795
marriage Association Regulation declaring Sati - Bengal Sati
C. Ishwar Chandra 3. Starting a crusade illegal Regulation XVII
Vidyasagar against child marriage 1829
4. B.M. Malabari 4. Principal of Sanskrit Hindu Widow remarriage - Remarriage Act
College in Calcutta Act 1856 (also Act XV
Code: 1856)
A B C D Abolition of Slavery - Abolition of Slavery
(a) 1 2 4 3 Act, 1833
(b) 2 1 4 3
18. Which of the following nationalist leaders
(c) 2 1 3 4
opposed the Age of Consent Bill?
(d) 1 2 3 4
(a) W. C. Bannerjee (b) G. K. Gokhale
UPPSC (Pre) 2022
(c) M. G. Ranade (d) B. G. Tilak
Ans. (b) : The correct match is as follows :-
Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022
(Persons) (Associated works/Posts) Ans. (d) : The age of Consent Act, 1891 was a legislation
D.K. Karve Secretary, Widow Re- enacted in British India in 1891 which raised the age of
marriage Association consent for sexual intercourse for all girls, married or
J.E.D. Bethune Establishment of Girls unmarried from 10 to 12 years in all jurisdiction, it's
School in Calcutta violation subject to criminal prosecution as rape. This
Ishwar Chandra Principal of Sanskrit bill was opposed by Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
Vidyasagar College in Calcutta 19. Who had established the Manav Dharma
B.M. Malabari Starting a crusade Sabha at Surat and Paramahansa Mandali at
against child marriage Bombay?
16. Which one of the following is NOT correctly (a) Atmaram Pandurang Tarkhadkar
matched? (b) Dadoba Pandurang Tarkhadkar
Organization Year of (c) R.G. Bhandarkar
Foundation (d) K.T. Telang
(a) Society for Translating - 1825 Maharashtra PSC 2022
European Sciences
Ans. (b) : Dadoba Pandurang and Ramchandra Jayakar
(b) Indian Association for the - 1876
in 1849 established the Manav Dharma Sabha at Surat
Cultivation of Science
and Parmahansa Mandali at Bombay.
(c) Aligarh Scientific Society - 1864
(d) Bihar Scientific Society - 1866 20. Who was the founder of ‘Satyashodhak Samaj’
UPPSC ACF Mains 2021 Paper-I having its primary emphasis on the seeking of
Ans. (d) : The correct match is as follows- truth?
(a) Society for Translating European Sciences - 1825 (a) Tarabai Shinde (b) M.G. Ranade
(b) Indian Association for the Cultivation – 1876 (c) Jyotiba Phule (d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
of Science UPPCS Pre 2022
(c) Aligarh Scientific Society - 1864 Ans. (c) : Jyotiba Phule founded Satyashodhak Samaj
(d) Bihar Scientific Society - 1868 in Pune, Maharashtra, on 24th September 1873. It was a
17. Arrange the following social reforms by the reformation society that promoted education, increased
British Government in chronological order : social rights, justice and political access in the deprived
(i) Regulations against infanticide sections. Moreover, its primary focus was on uplifting
(ii) Regulations declaring Sati illegal and supporting Dalits, Shudras, and women in
(iii) Hindu Widow' Remarriage Act Maharashtra. Jyotiba Phule’s wife, Savitribai, used to
(iv) Abolition of slavery administer the social activities for the women’s section.

History of Modern India 75 YCT

21. Which one of the following is correctly matched? Code:
(a) Radhaswami Satsang – Lahore A B C D
(b) Bharat Dharma Mahamandal – Dehli (a) 1 2 4 3
(c) Sanatan Dharma Rakshini Sabha – Calcutta (b) 2 1 4 3
(d) Deva Samaj – Banaras (c) 2 1 3 4
UPPCS Pre 2022 (d) 1 2 3 4
Ans. (c) : Radhasoami Panth (Radhaswami Satsang) is UPPCS Pre 2022
a spiritual tradition founded by Seth Shiv Dayal Singh Ans. (b) : The correct match is as follows -
in 1861 in Agra, India.
List-I List-II
Bharat Dharma Mahamandala was a prominent Hindu
organization founded by Pandit Din Dayalu Sharma in (Persons) (Associated works/Posts)
Hardwar in 1887. D.K. Karve - Secretary, Widow Re-
Sanatan Dharma Rakshini Sabha' was established in marriage Association
1883 at Kolkata. J.E.D. Bethune - Establishment of
Shiv Narayan Agnihotri founded a quasi-religious Girls School in
reform movement called Dev Samaj in 1887 at Lahore. Calcutta
22. With reference to the B.R. Ambedkar, which of Ishwar Chandra - Principal of Sanskrit
the following statements is/are correct? Vidyasagar College in Calcutta
1. He formed the Independent Labour Party. B.M. Malabari - Starting a crusade
2. He founded the People's Education Society against child marriage
of India in 1945. 25. Jyotiba Phule was associated with
Select the correct answer using the code
(a) Civil Disobedience Movement
given below.
(b) Trade Union Movement
Code :
(c) Anti-caste Movement
(a) Only 2 (b) Only 1
(d) Peasant Movement
(c) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) Both 1 and 2
UPPSC APO 2022 UPPCS Pre 2022
Ans.(d): The Independent Labour party was a political Ans. (c): 'Jyotiba' Govindrao Phule was a prominent
organisation formed by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar in 1936. He social reformer and thinker from Maharashtra. He led
also founded people's education society in 1945 which the movement against the prevailing caste restrictions in
was inspired by five great ideals of knowledge India. He campaigned against the authoritarianism of
compassion, democracy, equality and justice of Buddha. the upper caste people and urged the "peasants" and
Hence, both statements are correct. "proletariat" to defy their restrictions.
23. Gopal Krishna Gokhale founded Servants of 26. Which of the following were the social reforms
India Society in the year. introduced by William Bentinck?
(a) 1907 (b) 1906 1. Abolition of Sati
(c) 1904 (d) 1905 2. Abolition of slavery
(e) Question not attempt
3. Removal of disabilities due to change of
RPSC (Pre) 2023
religion
Ans.(d): The servants of India Society was formed by 4. Suppression of the organized bands of
Gopal Krishna Gokhale in 1965 with aim to promote Thugs.
social and human development and overthrow the
Choose the correct answer from the codes
British Rule in India.
given below.
24. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct (a) 1, 3 and 4 only
answer from the code given below the lists.
(b) 1, 2 and 4 only
List-I List-II
(c) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(Persons) (Associated works/Posts)
(d) 1 and 2 only
A. D.K. Karve 1. Establishment of
(e) None of the above/More than one of the
Girls School in
above
Calcutta
B. J.E.D. Bethune 2. Secretary, Widow Re- 67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021
marriage Association Ans. (a) The social reforms of William Bentinck made
C. Ishwar Chandra 3. Starting a crusade his name immortal in the history of British India. These
Vidyasagar against child marriage include the abolition of Sati, the suppression of Thugs
4. B.M. Malabari 4. Principal of Sanskrit and the prevention of female infanticed and removal of
College in Calcutta disabilities due to change of religion.
History of Modern India 76 YCT
27. Jyotiba Phule was associated with Ans. (d) Bhartiya Brahmo Samaj was founded by
(a) Civil Disobedience Movement Keshav Chandra Sen in 1866, Tattvabodhini Sabha was
(b) Trade Union Movement founded by Devendra Nath Tagore in 1839, Satya
(c) Anti-caste Movement Shodhak Samaj was founded by Jyotiba Phule in 1873
(d) Peasant Movement and The Servants of India Society was founded by
UPPSC (Pre) 2022 Gopal Krishna Gokhale in 1905. Hence option (d) is
Ans. (c): Jyotirao Govindrao Phule better known as correctly matched.
Mahatma Jyotiba Phule was a prominent social reformer 32. In the context of Indian history, which of the
and thinker of nineteenth-century India. He led the following statement/s/ is/are correct regarding
movement against the prevailing caste restrictions in Vaikom Satyagraha?
India. He campaigned against the authoritarianism of the 1. It was a satyagraha against untouchability
upper caste people and urged the "peasants" and and caste discrimination.
"proletariat" to defy their restrictions. 2. Mahatma Gandhi participated in this
28. In 1809, Raja Ram Mohan Roy wrote his Satyagraha.
famous book "Gift to Monotheist" in which of Select the correct answer using the codes given
the following language? below.
(a) English (b) Urdu Codes:
(c) Persian (d) Bengali (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
UPPSC RO-ARO Mains Pre-2021 (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (c): In 1809, Raja Ram Mohan Roy wrote his UPPCS (pre.) 2021
famous book "Gift to Monotheist" in Persian. In the
Persian the same was titled as Tuhfat-ul-Muwahhidin. Ans. (c): Vaikom Satyagraha was a movement in
Travancore (modern-day Kerala) for temple entry of the
29. The followers of Theosophical Society have
depressed classes. It took place near the Shiva Temple at
faith in which Indian Philosophy?
(a) Sankhya Philosophy (b) Nyaya Philosophy Vaikom, Kottayam district, Kerala during 1924-25. At
(c) Vaishesika Philosophy (d) Jaina Philosophy that time, Vaikom was a part of the princely state of
UPPSC ACF Mains 2021 Paper-I Travancore.
Ans. (a) : The Theosophical Society was founded by • It is worth mentioning here that Gandhiji, Chatampi
Madame H. P. Blavatsky and Colonel Olcott in New Swamikal and Sree Narayana Guru supported the
York in 1875. In 1882, the headquarters of the Society movement.
were established in Adyar, near Madras (now Chennai) • This movement gained prominence in the whole of
in India. Annie Besant had joined the Theosophical India and support came from far and wide.
Society in 1889. She was a firm believer in the Both the given statements are true so option (c) is
teachings of Vedas and Upanishads. The Society the correct answer.
accepted the Hindu beliefs in re-incarnation, Karma and 33. The Rajahmundry Social Reform Association
drew inspiration from the philosophy of the Upanishads to encourage widow re-marriage was founded
and Samkhya, Yoga, and Vedanta School of thoughts.
in 1871 by-
30. Who founded the Deccan Education Society? (a) Veeresalingam Pantulu
(a) Ranade (b) G.K. Gokhale
(b) K. Ramakrishan Pillai
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji (d) None of them
(c) K.T. Telang
OPSC (OCS) Pre 2021 Paper-I
(d) Gopalachariar
Ans. (d): The Deccan Education Society is an
organization that runs 43 education establishments in RAS/RTS (PRE.) 2021
Maharashtra, India. Its main branch is situated in Pune. Ans. (a): Veeresalingam Pantulu founded the
• The society established many school and colleges Rajahmundry Social Reform Association in 1878 to
in Pune and other towns during following decades encourage widow re-marriage.
such as New English School of Satara in 1899. 34. The All India Women’s Conference’ (AIWC)
• The Deccan Education Society was formed on was started in 1927 to
24th October 1884. (a) Promote women’s education
• Headquarters - Pune (b) Increase women’s share in the legislatures.
• Founders - Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Gopal Ganesh (c) Enhance women’s employment
Agarkar, Vaman Shivram Apte, N.K. Dharap, (d) Campaign for women’s voting rights
Mahadev Ballal Namjoshi, M.S. Gole, V.B. Kelkar. OPSC Pre-2020
31. Which among the following is correctly matched? Ans. (a): The All India Women's Conference (AIWC)
(a) Bhartiya Brahmo Samaj - Raja Ram Mohan Roy is a non-governmental organization based in Delhi.
(b) Tattvabodhini Sabha - Keshav Chandra Sen • AIWC was founded by Margaret Cousins in 1927.
(c) Satya Shodhak Samaj - Devendranath Tagore • It was an organization to improve educational
(d) The Servants of India - Gopal Krishna Gokhale
efforts for woman and children and has expanded
Society
its scope to also tackle other women's right issues.
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. 2004
History of Modern India 77 YCT
35. Arrange the following social reformers 39. Who among the following attacked
according to their date of birth in a Brahmanical orthodoxy and tried to reform
chronological order and give the correct Hinduism in Bombay?
answer with the help of codes given below: (a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
1. Dayanand Saraswati (b) Vishnu Shastri Chiplunkar
(c) Gopal Ganesh Agarker
2. Debendranath Tagore
(d) Bal Shastri Jambhekar
3. Mahadeva Govind Ranade TS PSC Group-I & II -2017
4. Baba Raghav Das Ans. (d): Bal Shastri Jambhekar (1812-1846), Father of
(a) 2,1,3,4 (b) 1,4,2,3 Marathi journalism, was a pioneer of social reform
(c) 1,2,3,4 (d) 3,2,1,4 through journalism in Bombay. He attacked brahminical
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I orthodoxy and tried to reform popular Hinduism. He
Ans. (a) : Social Reformer date of birth started the newspaper Darpan in 1832.
Devendra Nath Tagore 15th May 1817 40. Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was founded in–
Dayanand Saraswati 12th Feb 1824 (a) 1858 by Mahadav Govind Ranade
Mahadev Govind Ranade 18th Jan 1842 (b) 1870 by Mahadev Govind Ranade
Baba Raghav Das 12th Dec 1896 (c) 1870 by Pandit Ramabai Ranade
(d) 1870 by Surendranath Banerje
36. Who among the following participated in the
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Parliament of Religions held at Chicago in 66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre)
1893? Ans. (b) : Poona Sarvajanik, Sabha was founded on 2nd
(a) Dayananda Saraswati April 1870 by Mahadev Govind Ranade, Ganesh
(b) Swami Vivekanand Vasudeo Joshi and S.H. Chiplunkar. It was a socio
(c) Mahatma Gandhi political organization during British India. Its objective
(d) Raja Rammohan Roy was to work as a mediating body between the
(e) None of the above/More than one of the government and people of India and to popularize the
above peasant's legal rights.
66th BPSC 2020(pre) 41. Indian Reform Association was founded by
Ans. (b) :The world's Parliament of Religions was (a) Keshab Chandra Sen (b) Ramanand Sinha
convened in Chicago as part of the 1893, World's fair. (c) Atmaram Sen (d) Lala Lajpat Rai
Its goal was to bring together world religious leaders on J&K PSC Pre-2018
a common ground. Swami Vivekananda had Ans. (a): Indian Reform Association was founded by
participated at the parliament of Religions held in Keshab Chandra Sen on 29th October 1870. It
represented the secular side of the Brahmo Samaj.
Chicago, USA in September 1893. He stressed upon
world harmony & how religions, while co-existing with 42. Which of the following statements are correct
with reference to the Theosophical Society?
one another, must preserve their individuality and grow
1. It was founded in 1875 by Madam H. P.
according to their own laws of growth. Blavatsky and a former English army officer
37. Who established the 'Arya Samaj' Colonel H.S. Olcott.
(a) Ranade 2. Its aim was to achieve a universal
(b) Dayananda brotherhood of man.
(c) Dayananda Saraswati 3. It focused at promoting the study of ancient
(d) Swami Vivekananda religion and philosophy.
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above 4. It emphasized on occultism.
66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre) (a) Only 2, 3 and 4 (b) Only 1, 3 and 4
(c) Only 1, 2 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (c) : Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I
Dayanand Saraswati in 1875 at Mumbai to re-establish Ans. (d): Theosophical Society was founded in 1875 by
the Vedas as revealed truth. Later on its headquarters Madam H.P. Blavatsky and Colonel H.S. Olcott.
was shifted to Lahore. • It aspired to conduct a comparative study of various
38. Baba Thakur Das established which society in religions philosophy and science.
Patna? • This society endeavored to promote brotherhood and
(a) Servants of India society strived to serve humanity. The movement was
(b) Ramakrishna Mission Society popularised in India by Annie Besant.
(c) Seva Samiti
43. Col. H.S Olcott was associated with
(d) Social Service League (a) Theosophical Society
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above (b) Home Rule League
66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre) (c) Brahmo Samaj
Ans.(b): Baba Thakur Das established the Ramakrishna (d) Servants of India Society
Society at Patna in 1906-07 with the aim of social J&K PSC Pre-2018
upliftment of women, to help poor and to eradicate Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above
untouchability and blind faith from society. question.
History of Modern India 78 YCT
44. ........., a socio-religious organization, was co- ordered Rukhmabai to live with her husband or face six
founded by Methtaji Durgaram Manchharam months imprisonment. A brave Rukhmabai said she was
of Surat. willing to opt the latter. The verdict was subsequently
(a) Manav Dharma Sabha overruled by Queen Victoria. This prompted the
(b) Parmahansa Mandali government to bring the Age of Consent Act, 1891,
(c) Dravidian Movement despite opposition from conservative Indians.
(d) Low- Caste Movement 48. With reference to Sir Syed Ahmad Khan,
Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I which of the following statement(s) is/are
Ans. (a): The Manav Dharma Sabha was a major socio- correct?
cultural reform established by Mehtaji Durgaram 1. He was born in Delhi in 1817.
Manchharam on 22nd June 1844. It proved to be road- 2. He wrote a treatise on Quran and
map for all other reforms in Surat and especially in the promoted science.
state of Gujarat. Select the correct answer using the codes
given below:
45. A non- Brahmin movement emerged in south Codes:
India under the leadership of E.V. Ramaswamy (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
Naicker ‘Periyar’ is known as......... (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) None of the above
(a) Self-Respect Movement UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
(b) Justice Movement Ans: (c) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was born in Delhi in
(c) Dravidian Movement 1817 in a prominent family. He was a Muslim educator,
(d) Low-caste Movement jurist and author and founder of the Anglo-
Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I Mohammedan Oriental College at Alīgarh later known
Ans. (a): Self Respect Movement was started by E.V. as Aligarh Muslim University. His works in Urdu
Ramaswamy Naicker in Tamil Nadu in 1925. It was an include essays on the life of Mohammed (1870) and
egalitarian movement that propagated the ideologies of commentaries on the Bible and on the Quran. He
breaking down of Brahminical orthodoxy in the society promoted science and tried to remove bad practices in
and revitalization of the Dravidian languages like Islam in India. Hence both the statements are correct.
Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, and Malayalam. 49. Mohammed Qasim Nanotavi's name is linked
46. Swami Vivekananda participated in the World with
Religions Conference held at. (a) Aligarh Movement (b) Deoband Movement
(a) Baltimore (b) New York (c) Faraidi Movement (d) Taayyum Movement
UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
(c) Chicago (d) California
Ans: (b) Deoband Movement was established by
J&K PSC Pre-2018
Mohammad Qasim Nanautavi (1832-1880) and Rashid
Ans. (c): Swami Vivekananda participated in the World
Ahmad Gangohi (1828-1916) as a revivalist movement
Religions Conference held at Chicago on 11th-16th
with the twin objectives of propagating pure teachings
September 1893. of Quran and Hadis among Muslims and keeping alive
47. In the context of Indian history, the the spirit of jihad against the foreign rule.
Rukhmabai case of 1884 revolved around 50. Who of the following founded the Dharma
1. women’s right to gain education Sabha in 1830?
2. age of consent (a) Mrityunjay Vidyalankar
3. restitution of conjugal rights (b) Dwarkanath Tagore
Select the correct answer using the code given (c) Debendranath Tagore
below: (d) Radhakanta Deb
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Ans: (d) Radhakant Deb founded Dharma Sabha in
UPSC IAS (Pre) 2020 1830. An orthodox society, it stood for the preservation
Ans. (b) : Rukhmabai, one among the first Indian of status quo in socio-religious matters, opposing even
women to practice medicine in colonial India, made her the abolition of sati. However it favoured the promotion
mark in history due to the legal case she was involved of western education even for girls.
in, which contributed to the enactment of the Age of 51. Which of the following carried on the Suddhi
Consent Act, 1891. She lost her father when she was Movement that brought back a large number
eight years old and was married off at the age of 11 to of converted Muslims and Christans to the
Dadaji Bhikaji. Rukhmabai refused to move in with her Hindu fold?
husband stating that a woman cannot be compelled to (a) Brahmo Samaj
stay in a wedlock when she is not interested. The (b) The Ramakrishna Mission
Dadaji Bhikaji vs. Rukhmabai case that went on for (c) Arya Samaj
three years triggered a debate in both England and (d) Pratharna Samaj
India. The verdict went in favour of Dadaji. The court Mizoram PSC (CCE) Pre-2017
History of Modern India 79 YCT
Ans. (c): The 'Suddhi Movement’’ was started by Arya the abolition of child marriage and polygamy. He also
Samaj, and its founder Swami Dayanand Saraswati with opened the doors of the colleges and other educational
his friend’s cum follower Swami Shraddhanand. institutions to lower caste students, which was earlier
• The Arya Samaj was founded in the year 1875 by reserved only for the Brahmins. For his immense
Swami Dayanand Saraswati. The main objective of the generosity and kind-heartedness, people started
Arya samaj was to improve the spiritual, physical and addressing him as "Dayar Sagar" (ocean of kindness).
social well being of all human beings. The above mentioned statement was quoted by him.
52. The new social order Ram Raj or the kingdom 55. Which of the following statements are correct
of God on earth is a political thought associated regarding Brahmo Samaj?
with whom? (i) Brahmo Samaj was a reformist movement
(a) Sankaracharya (b) Mahatma Gandhi within Hinduism, founded in Kolkata in
(c) Vinoba Bhave (d) Narayan Fischer 1828 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
Mizoram PSC (CCE) Pre-2017 (ii) Brahmo Samaj was founded to reform the
Ans. (b): ‘Ram Rajya’ envisages a society in which Hindu society by eradicating prevailing
virtue, morality and justice are the core ideals around socio-religious evils and removal of
which day to day interactions between citizen and state. practices like the 'Sati' and caste system.
• Gandhi Said that for him a true Ram Rajya would (iii) Debendranth Tagore and Keshab Chandra
ensure ‘‘Equal right to both Prince and Pauper’’. Sen formed two versions of Brahmo Samaj
later.
53. Arrange the following socio-religious reformers (a) (i) and (ii) only (b) (i) and (iii) only
in the chronological order of their birth and (c) (ii) and (iii) only (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
select the correct answer by using the codes: Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I
1. Raja Ram Mohan Roy Ans. (d): Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded Brahmo
2. Ramakrishna Paramahansa Samaj in Kolkata in 1828. It was a reformist movement
3. Rabindranath Tagore within Hinduism. Brahmo Samaj was founded to reform
4. Swami Dayanand Saraswati the Hindu society by eradicating prevailing socio-
Codes: religious evils and removal of practices like the 'Sati'
(a) 2, 3, 1, 4 (b) 2, 1, 3, 4 and caste system. After Raja Ram Mohan Rai, the two
(c) 1, 4, 2, 3 (d) 2, 1, 4, 3 most prominent leaders of the Brahmo Samaj were
Manipur PSC-2016 Debendranath Tagore and Keshab Chandra Sen. Due to
Ans. (c): The Indian society in the first half of the 19th ideological conflicts between Debendranath Tagore and
century was caste ridden, decadent and rigid. Some Keshab Chandra Sen, the Brahmo Samaj got divided
enlightened Indians like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwar into two sects – 'Adi Brahmo Samaj' and Bharat
Chand Vidyasagar, Dayanand Saraswati and many other Varshiya Brahmo Samaj was founded by Keshab
started to bring in reforms in society, so that it could Chandra Sen.
face the challenges of the West. The correct 56. Brahmo Samaj was founded by-
chronological order of their starting year are - (a) Dayanand Saraswati (b) Swami Vivekananda
Social and religious Starting year (c) Keshab Chandra Sen (d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
reformers MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2005-06, 1992
Raja Ram Mohan Roy 22nd May, 1772 Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2003, 2004-05
Swami Dayanand Saraswati 12 February 1824 Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2004-05
Ramakrishna Paramahansa 18 February 1836 Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
Rabindranath Tagore 7 May 1861 UP UDA/LDA Spl. (M) 2010
54. "I have no time to think about God because a Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
lot of work has to be done on this earth" whose 57. Behramji M Malabari carried on social reform
statement is above? campaign against which one of the following
(a) Swami Vivekanand evils?
(b) Swami Dayanand Saraswati (a) Kulinism
(c) Swami Ramakrishna Paramhans (b) Polygamy
(d) Swami Ishwarchandra Vidhyasagar (c) Female Infanticide
UPPSC RO/ARO (Re-exam) 2016 (d) Infant and Child marriage
Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I
Ans. (d) : Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar is considered as
one of the pillars of Bengal renaissance. He managed to Ans. (d): Behramji M Malabari campaigned all his life
against child marriage and "enforced widowhood".
continue the reforms movement that was started by Raja
Rammohan Roy. Vidyasagar was a well known writer, • He founded the Seva Sadan as a social reformation
and humanitarian organization in 1885.
intellectual and above all a staunch follower of
humanity. He brought a revolution in the education • The Seva Sadan specialized in the care of socially
system of Bengal. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar initiated discarded and exploited women of all castes,
the concept of widow remarriage and raised concern for providing education. Welfare and medical services.

History of Modern India 80 YCT

58. Which of the following statements about the William Jones. Warren Hastings (1772-1785 AD) was
religious ideas of Raja Ram Mohan Roy are the first Governor-General of India. He was an oriental
correct? scholar, an ardent supporter of oriental learning and
(1) He believed in monotheism, the concept of encouraged the study of Sanskrit, Urdu and Persian.
one God 61. Who was the founder of the 'Asiatic Society of
(2) He considered the Vedas to be eternal and Bengal’?
infallible (a) Jonathan Duncan (b) Sir William Jones
(3) He laid emphasis on human reason and (c) Warren Hastings (d) William Bentinck
rationality in all religious matters UPPCS (pre.) 2021
(4) He opposed idol worship Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above
(a) 1, 3 and 4 only (b) 1, 2 and 3 only question.
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 62. The date January 15, 1784 is important in
Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I Modern India because–
Ans. (a): Raja Ram Mohan Roy was social reformer (a) Sanskrit college in Varanasi was established
and the father of Modern India's Renaissance. (b) Supreme Court building was established
• Ram Mohan was supporter of monotheism. He said (c) Pitt's India Act was passed
that monotheism is also the fundamental message of (d) Asiatic Society was founded
Vedanta. He opposed idol worship. UPPSC ACF-RFO Main I Paper 2019
• His idea of single, Unitarian god was a corrective to the Ans. (d) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
polytheism of orthodox Hinduism and to Christian question.
Trinitarianism. He believed that monotheism supported 63. Who among the following founded Asiatic Society
one universal model for humanity. of Bengal?
• He was not a supporter of Vedas eternity and (a) J. K. Hicky (b) Max Muller
infallibility. (c) Wilkins (d) William Jones
59. In which year was the ‘Native Marriage Act’ UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006
Passed? RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 1999
(a) 1870 (b) 1872 Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) 1874 (d) 1876 64. 'Satyashodhak Samaj' was founded by
(a) Dayanand Saraswati (b) Jyotiba Phule
UPPCS (Pre) 2019
(c) Gandhiji
Ans. (b) The Civil marriage Act or Native Marriage Act (d) Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar
was passed in 1872. By this Act, the Minimum age of (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Marriage for girls has been fixed to 14 years and 18 years BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019
for boys. Polygamy was also abolished by this Act. Ans-(b) In 1873, 'Satyashodhak Samaj' was founded by
60. Given below are two statements, one is labelled Jyotiba Phule as a movement against Brahmins in
as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R) Bombay. Its aim was to save lower castes from the
Assertion (A) The Asiatic Society of Bengal was hypocrisy of Brahmins and the evils of their opportunist
established in the period of Warren Hastings and approach of sacred books. He wrote 'Gulamgiri' in 1872.
he modestly declined the offer of Presidentship of 65. Who was the founder of ‘Satyashodhak Samaj’
that learned body in favour of Sir William Jones. having its primary emphasis on the seeking of
Reason (R) : Warren Hastings was himself a great truth?
scholar and an ardent orientalist who used to (a) Tarabai Shinde (b) M.G. Ranade
encourage the study of Sanskrit, Persian and (c) Jyotiba Phule (d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Arabic. UPPSC (Pre) 2022
Select the correct answer from the codes given Ans. (c) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
below: question.
Codes 66. In 1873 who founded Satya Shodhak Samaj?
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the (a) Gopal Krishna Gokhale (b) Jyotiba Phule
correct explanation of (A) (c) Shiv Nath Shastri (d) None of the above
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not he UPPCS (Pre) 1997
correct explanation of (A)/ BPSC (Pre) 1995
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true 67. Mahatma Jyotirao Phule founded ‘Satya
UPPCS (Pre) 2019 Shodhak Samaj’ in-
Ans. (b) The Asiatic Society in Bengal was founded by (a) 1873 (b) 1875
Sir William Jones in 1784 during the tenure of (c) 1877 (d) 1899
Governor-General Warren Hastings. Hastings rejected UPPCS (J) (Pre) G.S. 2016
proposal to preside over the institution in favour of Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 81 YCT
68. Satya Shodhak Samaj organized- 75. Who has advocated 'Practical Vedanta'?
(a) A movement for upliftment of tribals in Bihar (a) Dayanand
(b) A temple-entry movement in Gujarat (b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(c) An anti-caste movement in Maharashtra (c) Gandhi
(d) A peasant movement in Punjab (d) Vivekananda
IAS (Pre) G.S. Ist Paper 2016 CGPSC (Pre) 2019
Ans-(c) The Satya Shodhak Samaj was founded by Ans. (d) : Swami Vivekananda was an Indian
Jyotiba Phule in 1873 AD for the welfare of dalits and philosopher of modern times. He introduced Indian
other lower castes. Jyotiba Phule was the first President philosophy of Vedanta and Yoga in the western world.
of this organization and Savitribai became head of He was a major force in the reformation of Hindu
women section who worked for lower caste girls. The religion in India. He applied philosophy of Advaita
main objective of the organization was to emancipate Vedanta to build humanity and spirituality. It all
the Shudras and Ati-Shudras and to prevent them from reflected in his practical Vedanta idealism.
the exploitations of Arya Brahmins. It acted as an anti- 76. Which of the following is not correct about the
caste movement in Maharashtra. Faraizi Movement?
69. Whose main aim was to uplift the backward (a) Its founder was Shariat Ullah
classes? (b) It advocated the observance of the obligatory
(a) Prarthana Samaj (b) Satya Shodhak Samaj duties of Islam
(c) Satya Narayan Samaj (d) Ramakrishna Mission (c) It condemned the worship at the shrines of
IAS (Pre) G.S. Ist Paper 1993 various Islamic saints
(d) Its leaders preached in Persian and Urdu only
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Himachal PSC (Pre) 2019
70. Who established ‘Satya Shodhak Samaj’?
Ans. (d) : Faraizi movement was also called the Faraidi
(a) B. R. Ambedkar (b) Santram
Movement because of its emphasis on the Islamic
(c) Jyotiba Phule (d) Bhaskar Rao Jadhav pillars of faith and was founded by Haji Shariat
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) Ist 2012 Ullah.Its scene of action was East Bengal and it aimed
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. at the eradication of social innovations current among
71. Which of the following organizations was the Muslims of the region. Under the leadership of
established by Mahatma Jyotiba Phule? Haji’s son, DuduMian, the movement became
(a) Gopal Mandal revolutionary from 1840 onwards. He gave the
(b) Sri Narayan Sabha movement an organizational system from the village to
(c) Satya Shodhak Samaj the provincial level with a khalifa or authorized deputy
(d) Ramakrishna Mission at every level. The movement survived merely as a
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (M) 2007 religious movement without political overtones after the
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. death of Dudu Mian in 1862.
72. Satya Shodhak Movement was launched by- 77. Identify the correct combination from the options
(a) Chhatrapati Sahuji Maharaj given below for Prarthana Samaj, Young India,
(b) B. R. Ambedkar Lokhitvadi, Satyashodhak Samaj, Rehnumai
(c) Jyotiba Phule Mazdayasanan Sabha:
(d) T. N. Nair (a) Gopal Hari Deshmukh, Atmaram Pandurang,
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2009 Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Jyotiba Phule,
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2006 Naoroji Furdonji
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (b) Atmaram Pandurang, Mohandas Karamchand
73. Who formed the 'Satya Shodhak Samaj'? Gandhi, Gopal Hari Deshmukh, Jyotiba Phule,
(a) B.R. Ambedkar (b) Keshavchandra Sen Naoroji Furdunji
(c) Pandita Ramabai (d) Jyotiba Phule (c) Atmaram Pandurang, Jyotiba Phule, Mohandas
Karamchand Gandhi, Gopal hari Deshmukh,
CGPSC (Pre)-2018
Naoroji Furdonji
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(d) Naoroji Furdonji, Atmaram Pandurang,
74. Who advocated 'Neo-Buddhism'? Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Gopal Hari
(a) Radhakrishnan (b) Tagore Deshmukh, Jyotiba Phule
(c) Ambedkar (d) Vivekananda (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
CGPSC (Pre) 2019 64th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2018-19
Ans. (c) : 'Neo-Buddhism' was developed by Bhim Rao Ans-(b) The correct match is as following-
Ambedkar. Neo Budhishts were untouchables from the Institution Founder
Mahar and others schedule caste communities young Prarthana Samaj (1867) Atmaram Pandurang
professionals, workers, children and particularly the Young India (1919) M.K. Gandhi
elderly who lived through the turbulent transition to Lokhitwadi Gopal Hari Deshmukh
Indian Independence who got converted into Buddhism Satyashodhak Samaj (1873) Jyotiba Phule
under the influence of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar. Rahnumai Mazdayasan Sabha (1851) Naoroji Furdonji
History of Modern India 82 YCT
78. Whose speeches at the World's Parliament of 83. Consider the following statements:
Religions held in September 1893 made him famous 1. Arya Samaj was founded in 1835.
as an 'orator by divine right' and as a 'Messenger of 2. Lala Lajpat Rai opposed the appeal of Arya
Indian wisdom to the Western world'. Samaj to the authority of Vedas in support of
(a) Sri Ramkrishna (b) Swami Vivekananda its social reform programmes.
(c) Chandra Sekhar Deb (d) Shyama Charan Sen 3. Under Keshab Chandra Sen, the Brahmo
Haryana PSC Pre 2014 Samaj campaigned for women education
Ans-(b) Swami Vivekananda’s speeches at the World's 4. Vinoba Bhave founded the Sarvodaya Samaj
Parliament of Religions held in September 1893 made to work among refugees.
him famous as an 'orator by divine right' and as a Which of these statements are correct?
'Messenger of Indian wisdom to the Western world'. (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
79. Sati was declared punishable offence in......... (c) 2 and 4 (d) 3 and 4
(a) 1727 (b) 1729 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2001
(c) 1829 (d) 1834 Ans-(d) The Arya Samaj was founded by Swami
Haryana PSC Pre 2014 Dayanand Saraswati in 1875 at Bombay (now Mumbai).
Ans-(c) With the efforts of Raja Ram Mohan Roy the He is also known as ‘Martin Luther of India’. Lala Lajpat
Governor General of India, Lord William Bentinck Rai propagated the ideas of Arya Samaj and many other
abolished the Sati system by the Regulation XVII of Indian national leaders like Bal Gangadhar Tilak
1829. and Gopal Krishna Gokhale were deeply influenced by the
80. Who said that if the religion does not sanction philosophy and principles of the Arya Samaj. The Brahmo
social reforms, it should be changed as it is man- Samaj was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 1828.
made? Later the movement was further enhanced by Devendra
(a) Gopal Hari Deshmukh Nath Tagore and Keshab Chandra Sen. Keshab Chandra
(b) Swami Vivekananda Sen campaigned for women education through Brahmo
(c) B.G. Tilak Samaj. In order to implement high ideas of Sarvodaya and
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji to work among the refugees, Vinoba Bhave founded the
Himanchal Pradesh PCS Pre 2018 Sarvodaya Samaj.
Ans-(a) The reformer in Western India was Gopal Hari
84. Dayananda Saraswati was the founder of
Deshmukh who was known with the name of (a) Brahmo Samaj (b) Arya Samaj
'Lokhitwadi'. He used to write in Marathi language. He (c) Theosophical Society (d) Prarthana Samaj
said that if the religion does not sanctioned social Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
reforms, it should be changed as it is man-made and the
Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above
religious books were written before so many years and
question.
those could not be relevant for the later period.
85. Assertion (A): Raja Ram Mohan Roy was
81. Which of the following leaders had worked for
instrumental in getting the custom of sati
tribal upliftment?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) A.V. Thakkar abolished.
(c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (d) Jagjivan Ram Reason (R): Servants of India Society lobbied
Himanchal Pradesh PCS Pre 2017 for law to permit remarriage of Hindu child
Ans-(b) A.V. Thakkar was an Indian social worker who widows.
worked for the upliftment of the tribes of Gujarat. He Select the correct answer by using the codes
given below:-
joined 'Servants of India Society' founded by G.K.
(a) Both A and R are correct and R is correct
Gokhale in 1914 and founded 'Bheel Seva Mandal' in
explanation of A
1922.
(b) Both A and R correct but R is not a correct
82. Which Socio-Religious Movement of 19th-20th
explanation of A
century adopted the practices of occult
(c) A is true but R is false.
mysticism? (d) A is false but R is true.
(a) The Theosophical Society (b) The Arya Samaj
(c) The Brahmo Samaj Manipur PSC-2013
(d) The Gurudwara Reforms Movement Ans. (b): Raja Ram Mohan Roy is known as the
Himanchal PSC (Pre) 2016 pioneer of women's rights in India, specifically because
Ans-(a) The Theosophical Society adopted the practices he came out in support of the abolition of sati since
of occult mysticism in 19th-20th century. The 1818, Roy wrote in great detail about sati and how he
Theosophical Society was established by a Russian was pro-abolition. The Sati-pratha a practice in which
woman named Blavotski and an American military the widow was compelled to sacrifice herself on the
officer Colonel Olcott in New York in 1875. The funeral pyre of her husband was prominent. His efforts
international headquarters of the society was established were also instrumental in eradicating the Purdah system
in Madras at Addyar in 1882. Annie Besant an Irish and child marriage. Servants of India Society lobbied
woman become the member of this society in 1888. for law to permit remarriage of Hindi Child Widow.

History of Modern India 83 YCT

86. Consider the following statements: Ans-(a) The Brahmo Samaj was founded by Raja Ram
1. The Arya Samaj was founded in 1875. Mohan Roy in 1828 AD. He believed in monotheism.
2. ‘Al Hilal’ was published by Maulana Abul Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayanand
Kalam Azad. Saraswati in 1875 AD at Bombay (Mumbai) with an
3. Lala Lajpat Rai was not associated with the aim to purely re-establish or revival of the ancient
paper ‘The People’. Vedic religion. It mainly stressed on the spread of
4. The famous Presidency College (former education and knowledge. Ram Krishna Mission was
Hindu College) of Calcutta was established
founded by Swami Vivekananda in 1897. He was
by Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
Of these statements: disciple of Ram Krishna Paramhansa.
(a) Only 1 and 2 are correct 89. Consider the following statements:
(b) Only 2 and 3 are correct Assertion (A) : Socio-religious movements of the
(c) Only 1, 2 and 4 are correct 19th century resulted in the modernization of India.
(d) Only 1, 2 and 3 are correct Reason (R) : Rationalism, scientific temper and
UP Lower (Pre) 2013 other such ideas which are the basis of
Ans-(c) The Arya Samaj was founded by Swami modernization were at the core of the socio-
Dayanand Saraswati in 1875 at Bombay (now Mumbai). religious movements.
The Al-Hilal was a weekly Urdu language newspaper Select the correct answer from the code given
established by the Indian leader Maulana Abul Kalam below:
Azad and used as a medium for criticism for the British Codes:
rule in India. The first issue of Al-Hilal came out on (a) (A) is true but (R) is false
July 13, 1912. Lala Lajpat Rai was a prolific writer and (b) (R) is true but (A) is false
was deeply interested in journalism and founded an (c) Both (A) and (R)are true but (R) is not correct
Urdu daily, the ‘Vande Mataram’ and an english explanation of (A)
weekly, ‘The People’. Earlier he had published ‘Young
(d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
India’ in the United States of America.
In 1817 Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Hindu explanation of (A)
College in Calcutta that latter became Presidency RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2016
College. Ans-(d) The beginning of the Social Reform
87. In 1856, the following Acts were passed: Movements in India during the 19th century were clearly
1. Religious Disabilities Act the outcome of coming in contact of two different
2. Abolition of Sati Act societies, totally different from each other. On the one
3. Hindu Widows Remarriage Act hand, there is the traditional orthodox society and on the
4. Doctrine of Lapse other hand is the British educated young generation.
Choose your answer from the following codes- There were attempts made by the educated young
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 1 and 4 Indians to end the evils and abuses in religion and
(c) 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2 and 4 society. The western ideas of reason, equality, liberty
BPSC (Pre) 1995 and humanity inspired them. They tried to remove the
Ans-(a) Religious Disabilities Act, 1856 which defects in their culture. They wanted to revive the glory
modified Hindu customs for instance declaring that a of Indian culture. Hence we call the socio-religious
change of religion did not debar a son from inheriting reform movement of the 19th century India as the Indian
the property of his heathen father caused fear among
Renaissance Movement. Socio-religious movements of
Indian. The Hindu Widows Remarriage Act, 1856 also
the 19th century resulted in the modernization of India.
called Act XV, 1856, enacted on 25 July 1856, that
legalized the remarriage of Hindu widows in all Rationalism, scientific temper and other such ideas
jurisdictions of India under East India Company rule which are the basis of modernization were at the core of
was drafted by Lord Dalhousie. As an outcome of Raja the socio-religious movements. Hence, both (A) and (R)
Ram Mohan Roy’s movement against Sati practice, are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Lord William Bentinck abolished it by Regulation XVII 90. Match the following-
passed on December 1829. The Doctrine of Lapse was A. Prarthana Samaj -1. Swami Vivekananda
passed in 1848. B. Ramkrishna Mission -2. Mahadev Govind Ranade
88. Consider the following statements- C. Satyashodhak Samaj - 3. Sir Sayyed Ahmed Khan
1. Brahma Samaj supported monotheism. D. Mohammedan Anglo
2. Arya Samaj contributed in the development Oriental College Aligarh - 4. Jyotiba Phule
of education. Codes:-
3. Ram Krishna Mission was founded by A B C D
Swami Vivekananda. (a) 1 4 3 2
Choose the answer from the codes given below- (b) 4 3 2 1
(a) 1,2 and 3 are correct (b) 1 and 2 is correct (c) 2 1 4 3
(c) 1 and 3 is correct (d) 2 and 3 is correct (d) 4 2 3 1
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2008 MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1994
History of Modern India 84 YCT
Ans-(c) By the inspirations of Keshab Chandra Sen, sacrifice etc. Swami Dayanand Saraswati was clearly of
Aatma Ram Pandurang founded Prarthana Samaj in the view that ‘good government is no substitute for self
1867 AD at Bombay. Ram Krishna Mission was government’. Shuddhi Movement was started by the
founded by Swami Vivekananda in 1897 AD, Arya Samaj founder Swami Dayanand Saraswati to
Satyashodhak Samaj was founded by Jyotiba Phule in bring back the people who were converted to Islam and
1873 AD and Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College, Christianity from Hindu. He gave the slogan ‘let’s go
Aligarh was founded by Sir Sayyed Ahmed Khan in back to Vedas’. He also wrote a book named ‘Satyarth
1875 AD. (Later the Aligarh Muslim University) Prakash’. He also gave a remarkable slogan "Go back to
91. Which of the following pairs is/are not correctly Vedas".
matched? 95. Which among the following organizations
1. Adi Brahmo Samaj supported Shuddhi Movement?
– Debendra Nath Tagore (a) Arya Samaj (b) Brahmo Samaj
2. Bhartiya Brahmo Samaj (c) Dev Samaj (d) Prarthana Samaj
– Atmaram Pandurang UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2010
3. Sadharan Brahmo Samaj Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
– Anand Mohan Bose 96. Who of the following is responsible for the revival
Select the correct answer from the codes given of Vedas?
below: (a) Ram Krishna Paramhamsa
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 1 and 2 (b) Ramanuja
(c) Only 2 and 3 (d) Only 1 and 3 (c) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
UPPSC ACF (Pre) 2017 (d) Swami Vivekananda
Ans-(b) In 1828, Raja Ram Mohan Roy established UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1995
Brahmo Sabha which was later known as Brahmo Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Samaj. Debendranath Tagore founded the Adi Brahmo 97. Who among the following is known as ‘Martin
Samaj in 1866 after differences with Keshab chadra Luther of India’?
Sen, while Keshab's samaj came to be known as the (a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Brahmo samaj of India or Bhartiya Brahmo Samaj. (b) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
Sadharan Brahmo Samaj was founded by Shivanath (c) Swami Vivekananda
Shashtri and Anand Mohan Bose in 1878 AD. Thus (d) Swami Shraddhanand
option (b) is correct. Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
92. Who founded the Adi Brahmo samaj? Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Devendranath Tagore 98. Arya Samaj was founded in the year-
(b) Keshav Chandra Sen (a) 1865 (b) 1870
(c) Raja Ram Mohan Roy (c) 1875 (d) 1880
(d) Ravindranath Tagore UP Lower (Pre) 2009
MPPCS (Pre.) 2020 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans. (a) : Kindly refer the explanation of above 99. ‘Satyarth Prakash’ was written by-
question. (a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
93. Who founded Bhartiya Brahmo Samaj? (b) Mahatma Gandhi
(a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy (c) Swami Vivekanand
(b) Debendra Nath Tagore (d) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
(c) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar MP PCS (Pre) 2019
(d) Keshab Chandra Sen UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Pre) 210 BPSC (Pre) 2004-05
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. Ist 2008 Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 100. Which was founded by Dayanand Saraswati-
94. Who of the following said, ‘good Government is (a) Brahmo Samaj (b) Arya Samaj
no substitute for self-Government’? (c) Prarthana Samaj (d) Bahujan Samaj
(a) Lokmanya Tilak (b) Swami Vivekananda BPSC (Pre) 1999
(c) Swami Dayanand (d) Ravindranath Tagore Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Uttarakhand PSC (Pre) 2004-05 101. Who said ‘let’s go back to Vedas’?
Ans-(c) Swami Dayanand Saraswati (1824-1883) also (a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
called “Martin Luther of India’ founded the Arya Samaj (b) Dayanand Saraswati
in 1875 at Bombay with an objective to re-establish the (c) Vivekananda
pure form of ancient Vedic religion. He believed in (d) Ramakrishna Paramhansaa
pragmatism. He preached against many rituals of Hindu MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1997
religion like idol worship, caste by birth, animal Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.

History of Modern India 85 YCT

102. The founder of Arya Samaj was- Ans. (c) The movement against the practice of Sati
(a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy system was raised by Raja Ram Mohan Roy. As an
(b) Swami Dayanand Saraswati outcome of Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s movement against
(c) Swami Vivekananda Sati practice, Lord William Bentinck abolished it by
(d) Swami Shraddhanand Saraswati Regulation XVII passed on December, 1829.
UPPSC Food Safety Inspector Exam 2013 109. Sati system was abolished by-
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (a) Lord Warren Hastings (b) Lord Wellesley
103. Who among the following first used the word (c) Lord William Bentinck (d) Lord Ripon
‘Swaraj’ and accepted Hindi as the national UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2012
language? MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1990
(a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy (b) Swami Dayanand Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) Swami Vivekananda (d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak 110. In which year Sati system was abolished by
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. Re-exam 1999-2000 William Bentinck?
Ans-(b) Swami Dayanand Saraswati was first to use the (a) 1828 A.D. (b) 1827 A.D.
word ‘Swaraj’ and accepted Hindi as the national (c) 1829 A.D. (d) 1830 A.D.
language. He was the first who stressed to adopt MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist Paper 2015
Swadeshi products and boycott the foreign products.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
104. Widow Remarriage Act was enacted during the
111. Which Viceroy abolished the Sati system?
rule of-
(a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Dalhousie
(a) Lord Dalhousie (b) Lord Canning
(c) Lord Hastings (d) Lord William Bentinck
(c) Sir Henry Hardinge (d) Lord Lawrence
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1998
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2002
Ans-(b) The Hindu Widows Remarriage Act, 1856, Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
also known as Act XV, 1856, enacted on July 26, 1856, 112. Who declared Sati system illegal?
legalised the remarriage of Hindu widows in all (a) Warren Hastings (b) William Bentinck
jurisdictions of India under East India Company rule. It (c) Cornwallis (d) Curzon
was drafted by Lord Dalhousie but it was passed by his (e) None of the above/more than one from above
successor Lord Canning (1856-1863) before the Indian BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
Rebellion of 1857. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
105. In which year Widow Remarriage Act permitted 113. Consider the following -
under widow Remarriage Act? 1. Calcutta Unitarian Committee
(a) 1853 (b) 1854 2. Tabernacle of New Dispensation
(c) 1855 (d) 1856 3. Indian Reform Association
MP PCS (Pre) 2019 Keshab Chandra Sen is associated with the
Ans (d) : Kindly refer the explanation of the above establishment of which of the above?
question. (a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only
106. Who among the following wrote the book (c) 3 only (d) 1,2 and 3
Bahuvivah? IAS (Pre) G.S. Ist Paper 2016
(a) Raja Rammohan Roy Ans-(b) The Indian Reform Association was formed in
(b) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar 1870 AD with Keshab Chandra Sen as President. It
(c) Pandita Rambai represented the secular side of the Brahmo Samaj and
(d) Rabindranath Tagore included many who did not belong to the Brahmo
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2007 Samaj. On January 24, 1868 Keshab laid the foundation
Ans-(b) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was an epic writer. stone of his new church, Tabernacle of New
He authored ‘Bahuvivah’ and ‘Balya Vivaher Dosh’. Dispensation and the newly constructed chapel was
With all his efforts, the Widow Remarriage Act was consecrated on August 22, 1869. The Calcutta Unitarian
passed in 1856 in which widows were allowed to Committee was established by Raja Ram Mohan Roy,
remarry. Dwarkanath Tagore and William Adam.
107. Who among the following prominently fought for 114. Which of the following statements is/are correct
and got widow remarriage legalised? regarding Brahmo Samaj?
(a) Annie Besant 1. It opposed idolatry.
(b) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar 2. It denied the need for a priestly class for
(c) M.G. Ranade interpreting the religious texts.
(d) Raja Ram Mohan-Roy 3. It popularized the doctrine that the Vedas
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2012 are infallible.
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Select the correct answer using the code given
108. Who abolished Sati system? below:
(a) Warren Hastings (b) Lord Curzon (a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 2
(c) William Bentinck (d) Lord Canning (c) Only 3 (d) 1,2 and 3
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1993 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2012
History of Modern India 86 YCT
Ans. (b) Swami Dayanand Saraswati popularized the 119. Who among the following founded the Brahmo
doctrine that the Vedas are infallible. The Brahmo Samaj in India?
Samaj was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 1828 (a) Keshab Chandra Sen
AD. He strongly opposed the practice of Sati system (b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
through Brahmo Samaj. The principles of Brahmo (c) Maharshi Devendranath Tagore
Samaj are as follows- (b) Smt. Annie Besant
(i) Improving situation of women. Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2003, 2005
(ii) Belief in monotheism and free Hinduism from evils. MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2006
(iii) Opposing idolatry and dominance of priests. Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2005
Hence statement 3 is incorrect in context to Brahmo Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
Samaj while statement 1 and 2 are correct. UP UDA/LDA Spl. (M) 2010
115. Who gave Ram Mohan Roy the title of ‘Raja’? Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Lord William Bentinck 120. Who among the following was the precursor of
(b) Akbar II social and religious reform of India in 19th
(c) The followers of Brahmo Samaj century?
(d) Intellectuals who opposed Sati practice (a) Ram Mohan Roy (b) Dayanand Saraswati
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2012 (c) Vivekananda (d) Aurobindo Ghosh
Ans-(b) Mughal emperor Akbar-II gave Ram Mohan Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2004-05
Roy the title of ‘Raja’ in 1830AD when he was sent as Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
an ambassador of the Mughal emperor Akbar-II to the 121. Who is considered as the Prophet of
United Kingdom to plead for his pension and Nationalism?
allowances. He died on September 27, 1833 due to (a) M. K. Gandhi (b) Ram Mohan Roy
meningitis at Stapleton near Bristol. (c) Ravindranath Tagore (d) Dayanand Saraswati
116. The Brahmo Samaj is based on the principles of- UP Lower (Pre) 2009
(a) Monotheism (b) Polytheism Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) Atheism (d) Monism 122. Raja Ram Mohan Roy established Brahmo
UPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2005, 1999 Samaj in-
Ans-(a) The Brahmo Samaj was founded by Raja Ram (a) 1816 A.D. (b) 1820 A.D.
Mohan Roy in 1828 AD with the objectives to promote (c) 1828 A.D. (d) 1830 A.D.
monotheism, opposing idolatry and denial of BPSC (Pre) 1996, 2004-05
anthropomorphism. They emphasized universal worship Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
of God. 123. Who is considered as the first ‘Modern Man’ of
117. Who among the following great men is called ‘the India?
Father of Indian Renaissance’? (a) Nana Saheb
(a) Vivekananda (b) A. O. Hume
(b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy (c) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(b) Rabindra Nath Tagore (d) Swami Vivekananda
(d) Dayanand Saraswati RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2012
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (M) 2007 124. Which of the following was/were founded by
BPSC (Pre) 2011 Raja Ram Mohan Roy ?
Ans-(b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy is called ‘the Father of 1. Atmiya Sabha
Indian Renaissance’, ‘Paigambar of Indian 2. Brahmo Samaj
Nationalism’, ‘Bridge between Past and Future’, 3. Prarthana Samaj
‘Yugdoot’, ‘Father of Modern India’, and ‘First Modern 4. Arya Samaj
Man’. He founded Brahmo Samaj on August 20, 1828. Select the correct answer using the code given
He was the first person to start movement against below.
prevailing evils in Indian society. The 19th century India (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 3 and 4
saw the emergence of renaissance due to the progressive
UPSC CDS IInd Paper 2017
ideas of Raja Ram Mohan Roy. He strongly opposed
Ans-(c) The Atmiya Sabha was founded by Raja Ram
child marriage, Sati system, idolatry etc. He was an
Mohan Roy in 1815 AD to propagate monotheistic
ardent advocate of western education through medium Hindu religion. It was the first society founded by him
of English language. which tried to initiate social and religious reforms in the
118.Which of the following were not protested by society. He also founded Brahmo Sabha, an important
Raja Ram Mohan Roy? socio-religious reform movement in Bengal in 1828
(a) Child Marriage (b) Sati System AD. Prarthana Samaj was founded by Atma Ram
(c) Western Education (d) Idolatry Pandurang on the inspirations of Keshab Chandra Sen
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992 in 1867 AD. Arya Samaj was founded by Swami
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Dayanand Saraswati in 1875 AD.
History of Modern India 87 YCT
125.The first society founded by Raja Ram Mohan 131. Who among the following was started against
Roy was- the religious / social views of Ram Mohan Roy?
(a) Brahmo Samaj (b) Atmiya Sabha (a) Digdarshan (b) Samachar Chandrika
(c) Brahmo Sabha (d) Tatvabodhini Sabha (c) Samvad Kaumudi (d) Bengal Gazette
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2009
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(b) Bhawani Charan Bandhopadhyay was a noted
126. Who was the leading envoy of renaissance
movement in India? Indian journalist, author and an orator. He was a
(a) Devendranath Tagore conservative Hindu, who opposed Ram Mohan Roy in
(b) Keshab Chandra Sen the abolition of Sati System. Having been assured of the
(c) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar patronage of the conservative Hindus, Bhawani Charan
(d) Ram Mohan Roy Bandhopadhyay began to publish the Samachar
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2005 Chandrika from March 5, 1822 as a weekly newspaper.
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. The editorial articles of Samachar Chandrika invariably
127. Who among the following was the founder of represented the point of view of orthodox Hinduism. Its
Atmiya Sabha? correspondence columns revealed that many of its
(a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
readers were less fanatical and some even shared liberal
(b) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
(c) Swami Vivekananda sentiments.
(d) Aurobindo Ghosh 132. The women’s movement in India started
BPSC (Pre) 1996 largely under the inspirations of-
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (a) Padmabai Ranade (b) Annie Besant
128. Who led the orthodox in Bengal against Raja (c) Sarojini Naidu (d) Jyotiba Phule
Ram Mohan Roy in the anti-Sati movement? BPSC (Pre) 2007-08
(a) Dwarka Nath Tagore (b) Radhakant Dev Ans-(d) The women’s movement in India started
(c) Anand Mohan Bose (d) Akshay Kumar Dutt largely under the inspirations of Jyotiba Phule. He
UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006 believed that the social evils could be eliminated only
Ans-(b) Radhakant Dev (1783-1867) was a Bengali through uplifting the dalits and women. The first school
reformer and cultural nationalist who dedicated his life
for the preservation of orthodox Hinduism. He led the for girls in India was founded by Jyotiba Phule in 1848
conservatives against Raja Ram Mohan Roy in Bengal AD. The wife of Mahadev Govind Ranade and the
during anti-sati movement. He organized a signature founder of Seva Sadan, Ramabai Ranade was the
campaign against Raja Ram Mohan Roy but couldn’t inspiration of women movement in modern India. BPSC
stop to make a law against the practice of Sati. did not considered any option as correct and starred the
129. From which region did the social and religious question because the name of Ramabai Ranade has not
reform movements began? been mentioned in the question and it can be the correct
(a) Bihar (b) Bengal answer too.
(c) Orissa (d) Madras 133. With reference to educational institutions during
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2004-05 colonial rule in India, consider the following
Ans-(b) In the 19th century, Indian society was trapped pairs:
in the vicious cycle of religious superstition and social Institution Founder
conservatism. Initially the reforms started from Bengal 1. Sanskrit College at Benaras William Jones
under Raja Ram Mohan Roy who founded Atmiya 2. Calcutta Madarsa Warren Hastings
Sabha in 1815 A.D and Brahmo Samaj in 1828 A.D. at 3. Fort William College Arthur Wellesley
Calcutta (Kolkata). Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?
130. Which of the following social reformers (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 only
strongly opposed Jury Act of 1826? (c) 1 and 3 (d) 3 only
(a) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar UPSC IAS (Pre) 2018
(b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy Ans-(b) The correct match is as follows-
(c) Mahadev Govind Ranade Institution Founder
(d) Rajnarayan Basu Sanskrit College at Banaras (1791) - Jonathan Duncan
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. Ist 2017 Calcutta Madarsa (1781) - Warren Hastings
Ans-(b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy strongly opposed the Fort William College (1800) - Lord Wellesley
Jury Act of 1826. According to the Jury Act of 1826,
134. Which of the following parties ‘were established
the Hindus and Muslims could sit as jurors in the cases
of trials of Hindus and Muslims but were debarred from by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar?
sitting as such in those cases which were of Christians. 1. The Peasants and Workers Party of India
But the Christians had full rights to sit as juror in the 2. All India Scheduled Castes Federation.
trials of Hindus and Muslims. 3. Independent Labour Party
History of Modern India 88 YCT
 Select the correct answer from the codes given Ans-(b) By the inspirations of Keshab Chandra Sen,
below: Atma Ram Pandurang founded Prarthana Samaj in 1867
(a) 1 & 2 Only (b) 2 & 3 Only AD. Mahadev Govind Ranade joined the Prarthana
(c) 1 & 3 Only (d) 1, 2 & 3 Samaj in 1869 AD. The movement was started for
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2012 religious and social reform in Maharashtra. It was quite
Ans-(b) Dr. Ambedkar had organized the peasants and similar to the Brahmo Samaj of Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
The main objectives of the Prarthana Samaj included
workers under his Independent Labour Party. Further,
widow re-marriage, women education, removal of caste
All India Scheduled Castes Federation was the first system, increasing the age of marriage for boys and
political party which exclusively comprised Scheduled girls etc.
Castes. It was founded by Dr. Ambedkar during a 138. Prarthana Samaj was founded in Maharashtra
national convention of the Scheduled Castes held at under the leadership of-
Nagpur. The Peasants and Workers Party (PWP) came (a) Keshab Chandra Sen (b) Lokhitvadi
up in 1948. It was founded by Keshavrao Jedhe, (c) Shiv Nath Shastri (d) Devendra Nath Tagore
Shankar Rao More and Nana Patil along with others. UP UDA/LDA (M) 2010
135. Who founded Federation of Depressed Class? BPSC (Pre) 2011
(a) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Ans-(*) See the explanation of the above question.
(b) Babu Jagjivan Ram 139. Arrange the following in chronological order:
(c) N. S. Kajrolkar 1. Tulsidas
(d) Mahatma Jyotiba Phule 2. Raja Ram Mohan Roy
3. Swami Vivekananda
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000
4. Dayanand Saraswati
Ans-(a) Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar who belonged to Code:
Mahar caste founded Schedule Caste Federation in 1942 (a) 1 2 3 4
and declared that the schedule caste will completely (b) 1 2 4 3
abandon Hinduism. He along with his several adherents (c) 2 1 3 4
accepted Buddhism. In 1920, he founded All India (d) 2 3 4 1
Depressed Class Federation. In 1924, he founded Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
Depressed Classes Society (Bahishkrit Hitkarini Sabha) Ans-(b) The time of Tulsidas was 16th century, Raja
in Bombay. He started publishing Marathi journal Ram Mohan Roy 1772-1833, Swami Dayanand
‘Bahishkrit Bharat’ in 1927 AD. Also, he founded Saraswati 1824-1883 and Swami Vivekananda 1863-
Siddharth College and started the journal ‘Mook Nayak’ 1902.
in 1920 AD. He was the Law Minister of India's first 140. The Civil Marriage Act of 1872 had sought to
Cabinet. curb the practice of child marriage by replacing
136. Which of the following statements regarding Dr. the minimum age of girl at-
B.R. Ambedkar are correct? Select the correct (a) 14 years (b) 16 years
answer from the code given below the statements. (c) 18 years (d) None of the above
1. He founded Siddharth College. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000
2. He started his journal Mook Nayak in 1920. Ans-(a) The Civil Marriage Act (Act III) of 1872 had
3. He founded Depressed Class Institute in 1922. sought to curb the practice of child marriage by
4. He was the first Defence Minister of India. replacing the minimum age of 14 years for girls and 18
Code: years for boys. The Act also legalized the unorthodox
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4 inter-caste marriages and banned polygamy. The
(c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2 and 4 program of social reforms like abolition of child
UPPCS (Pre) 2005 marriage, polygamy, anti-caste marriage and widow re-
Ans-(*) Sidhartha College was founded by Dr. B. R. marriage was adopted by Keshab Chandra Sen. By the
Ambedkar. He also started a journal 'Mook Nayak' in efforts of B. M. Malabari, the Consent Act of 1891 was
1920. However the Depressed Class Institute was passed, which prohibited the marriage of girls below the
age of 12 years.
founded by him in 1924. Therefore only statements 1
141. Who among the following had played an
and 2 are correct.
important role in passing Native Marriage Act of
137. Who was the chief director of Prarthana Samaj 1872?
in Maharashtra? (a) Devendra Nath Tagore
(a) R. G. Bhandarkar (b) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
(b) M. G. Ranade (c) Keshab Chandra Sen
(c) Pandita Ramabai (d) Shyam Chandra Das
(d) Gopal Ganesh Agarkar UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2011
UP Lower (Pre) 2004 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 89 YCT
142.The main center of Wahabi Movement of 19th 148. The eminent historian of Rajasthan who also was
century was- social reformist-
(a) Lahore (b) Patna (a) Mankaran Sharda (b) Harbilas Sharda
(c) Amritsar (d) Pune (c) C. K. F. Waltire (d) Jamana Lal Bajaj
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994 RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2009
Ans-(b) The Wahabi Movement, centered around Ans-(b) Harbilas Sharda was a social reformist of
Patna, was an Islamic revivalist movement which Rajasthan who passed Sharda Act revising ‘Age of
stressed to condemn any change into the original Islam Consent Act, 1891’. Sharda Act fixed the age of
and return to its true spirit. The movement was led by marriage for girls at 14 years and boys at 18 years.
Syed Ahmed Barelvi around 1921 AD. He was the
149. Who was the founder of Ramkrishna Mission?
disciple of Shah Abdul Aziz of Arabia. It was a
(a) Ramakrishna Paramhamsa
revivalist movement which tried to purify Islam by
(b) M. N. Das Gupta
eliminating all the un-Islamic practices which had crept
(c) Swami Vivekananda
into Muslim society through the ages. It offered most
serious and well planned challenge to British supremacy (d) Swami Rangnath Nanda
in India from 1830 AD to 1860 AD. MPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996
143. What is correct about Wahabi Movement? UPPCS (Mains) 2004
(a) It was an action against western influences. Ans-(c) Swami Vivekananda (1863-1902) redefined
(b) It was a peasant movement. religion as service to the poor. He set up the
(c) It continued till 1890. Ramakrishna Mission in 1897 AD named after his
(d) Its aim was to propagate Islam. famous mentor Ramakrishna Paramahamsa (1836-1886)
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11 to work for the provision of education and health care.
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. The schools and hospitals of the mission are rendering
144. The main objective of Wahabi Movement was- human service. Through his efforts and of a cultural
(a) Good relation with Islam resurgence, Swami Vivekananda laid strong foundations
(b) Purification of Islam for the nationalist movement. Swami Vivekananda
(c) Supporting British education emerged as the advocate of Neo-Hinduism during 19th
(d) Protest against social reforms century. He delivered his famous speech in ‘World
Uttarakhand RO/ARO (M) G.S. Ist 2016 Parliament of Religions’ in 1893 AD at Chicago. He
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. gave a short introduction of Hinduism and spoke on ‘the
145. What was the minimum marriageable age fixed meaning of Hindu religion’.
under Sharda Act for girls and boys? 150. Who founded Ramkrishna Mission in 1897?
(a) 12 and 16 (b) 14 and 18 (a) Vivekananda
(c) 15 and 21 (d) 16 and 22 (b) Ram Krishna Paramhansa
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2012 (c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
UP RO/ARO (M) 2013 (d) Shyamji Krishna Verma
Ans-(b) The age of marriage for girls was 14 years and Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2006
for boys was 18 years fixed by Child Marriage Restrain Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Act of 1929. It is popularly known as Sharda Act which
151. The best representative of Neo-Hinduism in
is named after Har Bilas Sharda who introduced the
second half of nineteenth century was-
Child Marriage Restrain Act in 1929.
(a) Ramkrishna Paramhansa
146. Sharda Act is related to-
(b) Swami Vivekananda
(a) Prevention of child marriage
(b) Prevention of inter-caste marriage (c) Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
(c) Prevention of widow marriage (d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(d) Prevention of tribal marriage BPSC (Pre) 1996
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2002-03 Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006 152. Who among the following represented India at
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. the World Parliament of Religions at Chicago in
147. Who was Sharda Mani? 1893?
(a) Wife of Raja Ram Mohan Roy (a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Motilal Nehru
(b) Wife of Ramakrishna Paramhansaa (c) Raja Ram Mohan Roy (d) Swami Vivekananda
(c) Mother of Vivekananda MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1993
(d) Daughter of Keshab Chandra Sen UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004
BPSC (Pre) 2004-05 RAS/RTS (Pre) 2006-07
Ans-(b) Sharda Mani was the wife of Ramakrishna UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2015
Paramhamsa. She was the devotee of Goddess Kali. Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 90 YCT
153. The year Swami Vivekananda founded 158. Which Governor General abolished ‘Thagi’ in
Ramkrishna Mission- India?
(a) 1861 (b) 1891 (a) Sir John Shore (b) Lord Wellesley
(c) 1893 (d) 1896 (c) Lord William Bentinck (d) Lord Mayo
BPSC (Pre) 1996 Uttarakhand Lower (Pre) G.S. 2016
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2015 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(*) Ramkrishna Mission was founded by Swami 159. His principle forte was social and religious
Vivekananda in 1897 AD. reform. He relied upon legislation to do away
154. What did the India Act V of 1843 make illegal? with social ills and worked unceasingly for the
(a) Child marriage (b) Infanticide eradication of child marriage, the purdah system.
(c) Sati (d) Slavery To encourage consideration of social problems on
st a national scale, he inaugurated the Indian
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. I 2007
National Social Conference, which for many
Ans-(d) The Charter Act 1833 or the Saint Helena Act
years met for its annual sessions alongside the
1833 or Government of India Act 1833 directed the
Indian National Congress.
Governor General-in-Council to adopt measures to The reference in this passage is to:
mitigate the state of slavery persisting in India since (a) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
Sultanate era. The Indian Slavery Act, 1843 also known (b) Behramji Merwanji Malabari
as Act V of 1843, was an Act passed in (c) Mahadev Govind Ranade
British India under East India Company rule which (d) B.R. Ambedkar
outlawed many economical transactions associated IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
with slavery. The Act was enacted by Lord Ans-(c) 'Indian National Social Conference' was
Ellenborough, the then Governor General of India. founded by Mahadev Govind Ranade. It was virtually
155. Which Governor General had abolished slavery the social reform cell of the Indian National Congress.
in India? The objectives of this conference were eliminating child
(a) Sir John Shore marriage, oligarchy and polygamy. The conference met
(b) Lord William Bentinck annually as a subsidiary convention of the Indian
(c) Lord Ellenborough National Congress, at the same venue and focused on
(d) Lord Cornwallis social reform.
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2011 160. Who was the founder of Prarthana Samaj?
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (a) Dayanand Saraswati
156. The export of slaves from Bengal was banned in (b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
which year? (c) Swami Sahajanand
(a) 1764 (b) 1789 (d) Mahadev Govind Ranade
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2004-05
(c) 1858 (d) 1868
Ans-(*) By the inspirations of Keshab Chandra Sen,
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. Ist Paper 2013
Atmaram Pandurang founded Prarthana Samaj in 1867
Ans-(b) The export of slaves from Bengal was banned
AD in Bombay.
in 1789 AD during the period of Governor General
161. The name of D.K. Karve of Western India figures
Lord Cornwallis (1786-93). The judicial and criminal
in the context of which of the following?
powers of the collectors were taken by the Cornwallis (a) Sati Pratha (b) Infanticide
Code and they only exercised tax-related powers. (c) Women Education (d) Widow Remarriage
157. Who among the following was associated with UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2016
suppression of thugs? Ans-(c) Dhondo Keshav Karve was an educator of
(a) Hastings (b) Sleeman Western India and Indian social reformer who worked
(c) Bentinck (d) Auckland in the field of women’s welfare. He worked excellently
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1997 in the field of women’s education. He founded the first
Ans-(b) Captain William Sleeman was appointed by university for women in India in 1916. He also
Lord William Bentinck (1828-35) to suppress the thugs. established a training college for primary school
In 1835 AD, the ‘Thuggee and Dacoity Dept’ was teachers and a school named ‘Kanyashala’ for girls. He
created by William Bentinck and William Henry also founded a shelter and school for widows.
Sleeman was made its superintendent. He was later 162. Who was the founder of Radha Swami Satsang?
promoted as its Commissioner in 1839 AD. The (a) Haridas Swami
rigorous operations under Sleeman led to capture of (b) Shivdayal Sahab
1500 Thugs who were hanged by the government or (c) Shiv Narayan Agnihotri
transported for life imprisonment. A special prison was (d) Swami Shraddhananda
established at Jabalpur for Thugs. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2002
History of Modern India 91 YCT
Ans. (b) The Radha Swami Satsang was founded by Ans. (d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy appealed William
Shivdayal Sahab also known as Tulsiram or Swamiji Bentinck, the then Governor of Bengal to ban practice
Maharaj in 1861 AD by planting a mulberry tree in of Sati and it were banned under provision 17 of Act,
Dayalbagh, Agra. He was a banker by profession. The 1829. The court was advised to file a case of non-
name Radha Swami was given by Rai Saligram. He intentional murder and punish them hard. He strongly
used to call Naraini Devi (wife of Shiv Dayal Sahab)
opposed the practice of Sati. Hence option (d) is not
‘Radhaji’ and in this way the name Radha Swami came
into existence. correct.
163. Dayalbagh located in Agra is related with- 168. Who demanded of the right to enter into the
(a) Kabir Sect (b) Nath Sect temples that caused a terrible riot in Tirunelveli
(c) Ramanuj Sect (d) Radha Swami Sect in 1899?
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2008 (a) Okalinga (b) Nadars
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (c) Mahar (d) Pali
164. Which of the following statement is NOT correct BPSC (Pre) 1995
about Nankana massacre? Ans-(b) In south Tamil Nadu the rise of Nadars reveals
(a) It was a bloody movement. how the untouchable caste of toddy tappers and
(b) Nankana is the birth place of Gurunanak. agricultural labours, originally called Shanans,
(c) They were supported by some nationalist leaders.
developed a mercantile upper stratum which claimed
(d) It was supported by the British government.
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2010-11 Kshatriya status in the 1901 census and began calling
Ans-(c) The Nankana massacre took place in Nankana themselves Nadar (a term previously confined to the
Sahib on February 20, 1921. At that time of British Shanan owners of land and palmyra trees). Its assertion
India, (modern-day Pakistan) in which around 150 of temple-entry led to serious riots at Tirunelveli in
Sikhs were killed by the Mahant, Britishers and Pathan 1899 AD.
mercenaries. 169. Which reformer of Maharashtra was known as
165. Who led the widow re-marriage movement in ‘Lokhitvadi’?
Maharashtra? (a) M.G. Ranade
(a) Vishnu Parashuram Pandit (b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(b) B. M. Malabari (c) Pandit Ramabai
(c) Gopal Hari Deshmukh
(d) Gopalhari Deshmukh
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji
UP Lower (Pre) 2013 BPSC (Pre) 1995
Ans-(a) The widow re-marriage movement in Ans-(d) The intellectual thinker and social reformer from
Maharashtra was led by Parashuram Pandit. He founded Maharashtra, Gopalhari Deshmukh was born in Pune. He
Widow Re-marriage Society in 1850s. became the member of Council of Governor General
166. Who was the Bengali who opposed social- in1880 AD. He started writing articles at the age of 25
religious reforms and supported orthodoxy? aiming at social reform in Maharashtra in a weekly
(a) Radhakant Dev newspaper ‘Prabhakar’ by the name ‘Lokhitvadi’. He
(b) Nemisadhan Bose wrote 108 articles in first two years based on social
(c) Hemchandra Vishwas reforms. That group of 108 articles came to be known as
(d) Hemchandra Dey ‘Lokhitvadinchi Shatapatre’ in Marathi language.
UP Lower (Pre) 2008 170. Who was known by the name of ‘Lokhitvadi’?
Ans-(a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded Brahmo Samaj (a) Gopal Hari Deshmukh
on August 20, 1828. He believed in monotheism. The (b) Mahadev Govind Ranade
objectives of Brahmo Samaj were- opposing idolatry, (c) Jyotiba Phule
opposing priesthood and denial of anthropomorphism. (d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
But Radhakant Dev opposed the ideology of Raja Ram
UPPCS (Pre) Re-Exam 2015
Mohan Roy and described it against the Indian religious
traditions. Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
167. Which of the following statements is not correct? 171. Which was common among Brahmo Samaj, Ram
(a) In 1829, William Bentinck declared Sati system Krishna Mission and Arya Samaj?
an offence by law. (a) None of these three had a political mission, but
(b) The government had passed an Act in 1856 they helped to develop a spirit of patriotism.
under which Hindu widows could remarry. (b) All the three originated from Bengal.
(c) Swami Dayanand Saraswati founded Arya (c) Founder of all the three was educated in
Samaj in 1875. England.
(d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the supporter of Sati (d) Founder of all the three took active part in
system. politics.
MPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994 RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2008
History of Modern India 92 YCT
Ans. (a) Brahmo Samaj, Ram Krishna Mission and devoted to political topics only. As those interested in
Arya Samaj, all of them didn’t had a political mission the social reforms, also felt a need for it, so it was
but they helped to develop a spirit of patriotism along decided to inaugurate the National Social Conference as
with helping in social reforms and development of a separate movement. The National Social Conference
education. met annually from 1887 to 1895 as part of the INC
172. Who said that “If God were to tolerate Sessions.
untouchability, I would not recognize him as God 175.The Greatest Parsi Social reformer of 19th
at all”? century was-
(a) B. R. Ambedkar (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (a) Sir Jamshedji
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai (d) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Sir Rustom Behramji
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004 (c) Navalji Tata
Ans-(b) In 1918 AD, Bal Gangadhar Tilak had a (d) Behramji M. Malabari
discussion with the founder of Depressed Class RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2009
Mission, V. R. Shinde on the topic ‘the problem of Ans-(d) Behramji M. Malabari was the greatest Parsi
untouchability’. On March 25, 1918 the first depressed reformer of 19th century. The Age of Consent Act, 1891
classes conference was held in Bombay near French was passed by his efforts. Along with editing circular
bridge. In the conference Tilak said “All Indians are against child marriage, he also supported widow re-
children of the same motherland, there could be no marriage. Seva Sadan Society was founded in 1908 by
spiritual and moral difference of untouchability”. He two gentlemen, Shri Behramji Malbari and Diwan
further said “If God were to tolerate untouchability, I Dayaram Gidumal, who were not only good friends, but
would not recognize him as God at all”. were also eminent social activists and philanthropists of
173. In which year ‘The Age of Consent Act’ was their time.
passed? 176. Balgangadhar Tilak was associated with-
(a) 1856 (b) 1891 1. Poona Sarvajanik Sabha
(c) 1881 (d) 1905 2. The Age of Consent Bill
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. Ist Paper 2013 3. Gaurakshini Sabha
Ans-(b) The Age of Consent Act was passed in 1891 by 4. Atmiya Sabha
the efforts of Behramji M. Malabari. He was a great Select the correct answer using the code given
Parsi social reformer of the 19th century who was below:
famous for legally eliminating child marriage. (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 2 and 4
174. During Indian freedom struggle, the National (c) 3 and 4 (d) 2 and 4 only
Social Conference was formed. What was the UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2015
reason for its formation? Ans-(a) The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was founded by
(a) Different social reform groups or organizations M.G. Ranade and Ganesh Vasudev Joshi in 1870 AD as
of Bengal region united to form a single body to a socio-political organisation at Poona (Pune) in
discuss the issues of larger interest and to present-day Maharashtra. Other important members of
prepare appropriate petitions/representations to the Sabha included M. M. Kunte, Vishnu M. Bhide, Bal
the government. Gangadhar Tilak and Gopal Hari Deshmukh. By the
(b) Indian National Congress did not want to efforts of B. M. Malabari, the Age of Consent Act of
include social reforms in its deliberations and 1891 prohibited the marriage of girls below the age of
decided to form a separate body for such a 12 years. Bal Gangadhar Tilak opposed it and
purpose. considered it as foreign intervention in the underlying
(c) Behramji Malabari and M. G. Ranade decided social issues of India. Gaurakshini Sabha was founded
to bring together all the social reform groups of by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in 1882 AD. Atmiya
the country under one organization. Sabha was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 1815
(d) None of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given AD to propagate monotheistic Hindu religion. It was the
above is correct in this context. first society founded by him. It tried to initiate social
IAS (Pre) G.S.-I, 2012 and religious reforms in the society. He also founded
Ans-(b) Indian National Congress did not want to Brahmo Sabha, an important socio-religious reform
include social reforms in its deliberations and decided to movement in Bengal in 1828 AD.
form a separate body for such a purpose. When 177.Which one among the following statements
Congress was founded in 1885 in Bombay, its regarding Bal Gangadhar Tilak is not correct?
organizers had a feeling that along with the political (a) He propounded the theory of the arctic home of
topic, a place should be given to the discussion of social the Aryans
topics also. So, R. Raghunath Rao and M. G. Ranade (b) He founded the anti-cow-killing society
addressed the Congress on subjects related to social (c) He set up the home rule league at Poona
reforms. But on a second consideration, the organizers (d) He supported the Age of Consent bill
of Congress felt that the Congress Platform should be UPSC CDS Ist G.S. 2012
History of Modern India 93 YCT
Ans-(d) By the efforts of B. M. Malabari the Age of Select the correct answer using the code given
Consent Act of 1891 prohibited the marriage of girls below-
below the age of 12 years. Bal Gangadhar Tilak (a) Keshab Chandra Sen (b) Lord Macaulay
opposed it and considered it as foreign intervention in (c) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan (d) Badruddin Tyabji
the underlying social issues of India. Hence statement UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2009
(d) is incorrect. Ans-(c) The above mentioned passage is related to Sir
178. In 1893, there occurred a split in the Arya Samaj Syed Ahmad Khan who started modern education for
on the issue(s) of: Muslims in India. He founded Muhammadan Anglo
1. Meat-eating vs vegetarianism Oriental College in 1875 AD which later came to be
2. Caste system and widow remarriage known as Aligarh Muslim University. He also worked
3. Shuddhi of converts as a clerk in British East India Company. He strongly
4. Anglicised vs Sanskrit based education opposed Indian National Congress.
Select the correct answer using the code given 181.Which of the following ideas was/were shared by
below: Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Rabindranath
(a) 1,3 and 4 (b) 2 and 4 Tagore?
(a) Internationalism
(c) 1 and 4 only (d) 1 only
(b) Opposition of idol worship
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2015
(c) Faith in rational and scientific approach
Ans-(c) On the issue of diet and policy of education, the
(d) All of the above
Arya Samaj split into two groups in 1893 AD. The first
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2009
group favored a meat diet and western education. Their
Ans-(d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy is said to be the
argument was that there was no reference of meat eating
precursor of the Indian Renaissance. He strongly
or not eating in the 10 principles of the Arya Samaj.
opposed the Sati system, child marriage, idolatry,
This group was headed by the College Party, whose purdah system. Rabindranath Tagore was a poet,
leader was Mahatma Hansraj. The second group novelist, short-story writer and dramatist. Both of them
favoured strict vegetarianism and Gurukula type of believed in internationalism, opposed idolatry, faith in
education. This group was headed by Swami rational and scientific approach and preferred the
Shraddhanand. feeling of universalism.
179.Which one among the following is not true of the 182. Which of the following statements about the
Brahmo Samaj? social reformer, Raja Ram Mohan Roy is false?
(a) It considered Vedic scriptures as infallible' (a) Rammohan Roy belonged to the gentry class
(b) It opposed idolatry whose power had been diminished because of
(c) It emphasized the worship of one God the imposition of the Permanent Settlement.
(d) It emphasized the worship of God without the (b) He studied both Vedantic Monism and Christian
mediation of priests Unitarianism.
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2014 (c) He translated the Upanishads into Bengali.
Ans-(a) Influenced by western ideology, Brahmo Samaj (d) His first organization was the Atmiya Sabha,
(the first reform movement of Hinduism) was founded founded in Calcutta in 1815.
by Raja Ram Mohan Roy on August 20, 1828. The UPSC CDS G.S. Ist 2015
earlier name of Brahmo Samaj was Brahmo Sabha. It’s Ans-(a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy belonged to the upper
greatest achievement in the field of social reform was gentry class and the power of the upper-caste gentry had
the abolition of Sati in1829. He advocated the abolition been enhanced by Permanent Settlement.
of polygamy, and wanted women to be educated and 183.Which of the following statements about Jyotibha
given the right to inherit property. The objectives of the Phule’s Satyashodhak Samaj Movement in
Maharashtra is/are true?
Brahmo Samaj were- worship monotheism, opposing of
1. The Satyashodhak Samaj was set up in 1873.
idolatry, opposing priesthood, rebuttal of avatarism. It
2. Phule argued that Brahmins were the
didn’t considered Vedic scriptures as infallible. progeny of ‘alien’ Aryans.
180.Which reformer does the following passage relate 3. Phule’s focus on the Kunbi peasantry in the
to? 1880s and 1890s led to a privileging of
“He insisted on the cooperation of the Muslims Maratha identity.
with the British Government and looked at all Select the correct answer using the code given
political movements with distrust. Thus, when the below.
Indian National Congress was formed, he (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only
opposed it. He regarded education and education (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
as the means of national progress”. UPSC CDS IInd G.S. 2015
History of Modern India 94 YCT
 Ans. (d) The Satyashodhak Samaj was founded by 186. Who from among the following, had started
Jyotiba Phule in 1873 AD in Maharashtra. He argued 'Young Bengal Movement' in India?
that Brahmins were the progeny of alien Aryans. He (a) Redhakanta Deb
focused on the Kunbi peasantry in 1880s and 1890s (b) Henry Louis Vivian Derozio
which led to a privileging of Maratha identity. Hence all (c) Keshab Chandra Sen
of the above mentioned statements are correct. (d) Charles Wilkinson
184. Which category of the population was primarily UPPSC ACF-RFO Main I Paper 2019
Ans. (b) : Henry Louis Vivian Derozio, a teacher at
attracted by the social and religious reforms of
Hindu College, Calcutta in the 1820, promoted radical
19th century?
ideas and encouraged his pupils to question all
1. Intellectual authority. Referred to as the Young Bengal Movement,
2. Upper caste urban his students attacked tradition and custom, demanded
3. Poor ordinariness category education for women and campaigned for the freedom
4. Liberal princes of thought and expression.
Choose your answer from the following codes- 187. Rahnumai Mazdayasnan Sabha was started to
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 reform?
(c) 1,2 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 4 (a) Sikhs (b) Muslims
BPSC (Pre) 1995 (c) Parsis (d) Anglo-Indians
Ans-(d) The beginning of the social reform movements TS PSC Group-I & II -2017
in India during the 19th century were clearly the Ans. (c): The Rahnumai Mazdayasnan Sabha or the
outcome of coming in contact of two different societies, Parsi Reform Society was an association founded by a
totally different from each other. On the one hand, there small group of educated Parsis. It was founded in 1851
was the traditional orthodox society and on the other by a group of Parsis for the regeneration of social
hand was the British educated young generation. There conditions and restoration of the Zorostrian religion
were attempts made by the educated young Indians to (Parsis).
end the evils and abuses in religion and society. The 188. Name the scholar of Deoband who played an
western ideas of reason, equality, liberty and humanity important role in freedom struggle-
inspired them. They tried to remove the defects in their (a) Abul Kalam Azad
culture. They wanted to revive the glory of Indian (b) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
culture. This socio religious reforms thus attracted (c) Badruddinji Taiyyabji
upper caste Urbans, educated class and liberal princes. (d) Chirag Ali
185. Consider the following statements: BPSC (Pre) 2004-05
1. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar founded the Ans-(a) The Deoband Movement also known as Dar-ul-
Ulum was founded by Muhammad Qasim Nanawtavi,
Bethune School at Calcutta with the main
Rashid Ahmad Gangohi and others in 1866 AD at
aim of encouraging education for women.
Deoband, Uttar Pradesh. Its aims were to resuscitate
2. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay was the classical Islam and to improve the spiritual and moral
first graduate of the Calcutta University. conditions of the Muslims. The liberal interpretation of
3. Keshav Chandra Sen’s campaign against Islam by its founders created political awakening
Sati led to the enactment of a law to ban among its followers. Some of them like Maulana Abul
Sati by the then Governor General. Kalam Azad played an important role in the National
Which of the statements given above is/are Movement.
correct? 189. Which one of the following socio-religious
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 movement raised voice in favour of the
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 depressed class?
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005 (a) Brahmo Samaj (b) Prarthana Samaj
Ans-(b) The first college for women in India, the (c) Arya Samaj (d) Satya Shodhak Samaj
Bethune College was set up in 1849 by Ishwar Chandra Uttarakhand RO/ARO (M) GS Ist 2016
Vidyasagar with an aim of encouraging education for Ans-(*) The main aim of Satyashodhak Samaj was
women. In 1858, Jadu Nath Bose and Bankim Chandra upliftment of backward classes. It was founded by
Chattopadhyay became the first graduates of the Jyotiba Phule in 1873 AD in Maharashtra for the
Calcutta University. Kadambini Ganguly and welfare of dalits and lower castes. He composed critical
books ‘Sarvjanik Satya Dharm Pustak’ and ‘Gulamgiri’
Chandramukhi Basu were the first female graduates of
to spread his Anti-Brahmin activities. He also opened
the country in 1882. Hence both statements 1 and 2 are school for Shudras and untouchables. Hence option (d)
correct. As an outcome of Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s could be correct. The Arya Samaj was founded by
movement against Sati practice, Lord William Bentinck Swami Dayanand Saraswati in 1875 AD at Bombay
abolished it by Regulation of XVII of the Bengal Code (now Mumbai). However Arya Samaj also raised voice
passed on December 1829. Hence statement 3 is in the support of Dalits and untouchables. Hence option
incorrect. (c) also could be the correct answer.
History of Modern India 95 YCT

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12.
Development of Education and
Press in Modern India
1. Which has been considered as ‘‘Magna Carta’’ Select the correct chronological order of these
of English Education System in India? developments using the codes given below.
nd (a) (i)–(iii)–(ii)–(iv)
(a) Macauley's Mintue, 2 Feb, 1835
(b) Woods dispatch on Education, 1854 (b) (ii)–(iii)–(i)–(iv)
(c) Hunter's Education Commission, 1882-83 (c) (ii)–(iv)–(iii)–(i)
(d) The Hartog Committee, 1929 (d) (i)–(ii)–(iii)–(iv)
UK PSC (Pre) 2024 ASSAM PSC (Pre) 2023
Ans. (b) : Wood's dispatch came to be known as the Ans. (c) : The correct chronological order of
Magna Carta of English education in India. developments of modern education in India is as
follows -
It recommended that primary schools adopt vernacular
languages, for secondary schools to adopt both English Lord Macaulay Minute (1835), Woods dispatch (1854)
and vernacular languages and for colleges to adopt Raleigh Commission (1902), Sadler University
Commission (1917).
English language.
2. What was the primary aim of ‘Aligarh 5. Consider the following statements regarding
Movement’? Wood's Dispatch of 1854:
1. It recommended English as the medium of
(a) To promote the revival of traditional Islamic
instruction for higher studies
Education
2. It laid stress on female education and
(b) To establish a theocratic Islamic State in India
vocational training.
(c) To promote the Western Scientific Education
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
among Muslims of India
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
(d) To encourage Hindu-Muslim unity against
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
British
69th BPSC (Pre) 2023
UK PSC (Pre) 2024
Ans. (c) : Wood's dispatch 1854, suggested that primary
Ans.(c): The Aligarh Movement was started during the
th school must adopt Vernacular languages and
later decades of 19 century with aim to promote the recommended English as the medium of instruction for
western scientific education among Muslims of India. higher studies. It also promoted female education on all
3. The Central Hindu School of Banaras, which levels and vocational training.
later developed as Banaras Hindu University, Hence, both the statements are correct.
was established by whom? 6. Match the following educational institutions
(a) Madam Cama (b) Sarojini Naidu with their establishers.
(c) Annie Besant (d) Sucheta Kriplani Educational Institutions Establisher
UK PSC (Pre) 2024 (a) Calcutta Madrasha - Lord Wellesley
Ans.(c): The Central Hindu School of Banaras which (b) Sanskrit College - Raja Ram Mohan
later developed as Banaras Hindu University was Roy
established by Annie Besant in 1898. (c) Vedanta College - Jonathan Duncan
4. Consider the following developments (d) Hindu College - David Hare
pertaining to the history of modern education Choose the correct answer:
in India: (a) Only one pair matched
(i) Sadler University Commission (b) Only two pairs matched
(ii) Lord Macaulay's Minute (c) Only three pairs matched
(iii) Raleigh Commission (d) All four pairs matched
(iv) Wood's Dispatch JKPSC (Pre) 2023
History of Modern India 96 YCT
 Ans. (a): 11. What was the title of the first newspaper
Educational Establisher published by James Augustus Hicky?
(a) The Bengal Journal
Institution
(b) The Calcutta Chronicle
Calcutta Madarsha - Warren Hasting (c) The Madras Courier
Sanskrit College - Jonathan Duncan (d) The Bengal Gazette
Vedanta College - Raja Ram Mohan Roy OPSC (OCS) Pre 2021 Paper-I
Hindu College - David Hare Ans. (d): James Augustus Hicky was an Irishman who
launched the first printed newspaper in India, Hicky's
Hence, only one pair is matched. Bengal Gazette.
7. In 1940 Patna Women's College was founded • Hicky was born in Ireland around the year 1740.
by which of the following societies? While young, he moved to London to apprentice
(a) Society of Jesus with William Faden a Scottish printer.
(b) Irish Christian Brothers • Hicky began publication of Hicky's Bengal
(c) Sisters of the Apostolic Carmel Gazette on 29 January 1780.
(d) More than one of the above • Although his newspaper was disliked by the then
(e) None of the above Governor-General of India, Warren Hastings,
68th BPSC 2022 Hicky paved the way and influenced multiple
Indian's to start newspaper.
Ans. (c): In 1940 Patna Woman's College was founded
12. With reference to the Fort William College
by Bishop B.J. Sullivan S.J., Bishop of Patna and
Calcutta, which of the statement/s is/are correct
mother M. Josephine A.C. sisters of the Apostolic
1. It was founded on 10th June, 1800 A.D. within
Carmel (society) It was the first institution of higher
the Fort William Complex in Calcutta.
learning opened to cater to the educational needs of 2. The main purpose of establishing this college,
women in Bihar. was to teach Indian languages to British officers.
8. The Vernacular Press Act of 1878, adopted by Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Lord Lytton was intended to - code
(a) Promote newspapers in the vernacular (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
(b) Restrain vernacular newspapers (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
(c) Promote English newspapers UPPSC RO /ARO( PRE) 2021
(d) Restrain English newspapers Ans. (b) : Fort William College was an orientalist
J & K PSC 2021 Paper-(I) training center set up by Governor-General Lord
Ans. (b): Vernacular Press Act was enacted in 1878 by Wellesley on 10th July, 1800 AD, within the Fort William
Lord Lytton for the control of vernacular newspapers. Complex. The main aim of establishing this college was to
The main aim of this Act was to stop printing teach Indian languages to British Officers.
newspaper which are against British rule and encourage 13. Who appointed First Indian Education
those that supported them. Commission and in which year?
9. In 1817, the famous Hindu College was (a) Lord William Wedderburn in 1885
established by David Hare in- (b) Lord Curzon in 1905
(a) Agra (b) Calcutta (c) Lord Lytton in 1880
(c) Patna (d) Varanasi (d) Lord Ripon in 1882
UPPSC RO-ARO Mains Pre-2021 7th JPSC (Pre) 2021
Ans. (b): In collaboration with David Hare and Ans. (d) : Lord Ripon the then Governor-General of India,
Alexander Duff, Raja Ram Mohan Roy established appointed the first Indian Education Commission on
Hindu College at Calcutta in 1817. February 3, 1882, under the chairmanship of Sir William
10. The ‘English Education Act’ made English Hunter, a member of the Viceroy’s executive council. The
language the medium of Instruction in India as commission also came to be known as Hunter
per decision of William Bentinck, and funds were Commission.
allocated to the British East India Company to The purpose of this education commission was to review the
spend on education and literature in India education system only at the primary and secondary level
When was this Act Passed? and find the shortcomings of the education system and
(a) 1835 (b) 1838 (c) 1840 (d) 1842 suggest ways and methods to overcome those problems.
Assam PSC (CCE) Pre-2021 14. Who introduced the printing press in India and
Ans. (a): The ‘English Education Act 1835 was a in which year?
legislative Act of the council of India, gave effect to a (a) Spanish in 1680
decision in 1835 by Lord William Bentinck, then (b) French in 1745
Governor-General of British India, to relocate funds to (c) English East India Company in 1674
the East India Company that was required by British (d) Portuguese in 1550
Parliament to spend on education and literature in India. 7th JPSC (Pre)2021
History of Modern India 97 YCT
Ans. (d): The first press in India was introduced by Ans. (b) : Calcutta University Commission appointed in
Portuguese in 1550. India’s first printing press was 1917 AD, is also known as Saddler commission. This
established in 1556 at St. Paul’s College Goa. It was commission was organized under the chairmanship of
started by the Portuguese. A letter written by Gaspar Michael Saddler to sort out the problems of Calcutta
College on 30 April, 1556 mentions the printing University. This commission included two Indian
machine being brought from Portugal. members, namely Ashutosh Mukherji and Dr. Jiyauddin
15. Who were the first to bring the printing press in Ahmad.
India? 20. Consider the following statements about Henry
(a) Dutch (b) British Vivian Derozio and select the correct answer
(c) Portuguese (d) French from the codes given below:
UPPSC Asst. Forest Conservator Exam. 2015 1. He was born in 1809
Ans (c) : Kindly refer to the explanation of above 2. He was a teacher at Hindu College till 1834
question. 3. He was inspired by French Revolution
4. He inspired his students to think rationally
16. The first Printing Press in India was
established at which of the following places? Codes
(a) Only 3 is correct
(a) Goa (b) Calcutta
(b) Only 1 and 2 are correct
(c) Madras (d) Bombay
(c) Only 1 and 4 are correct
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I
(d) Only 1, 3 and 4 are correct
Ans. (a) : The First Printing Press in India was UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I
established in Goa in 1556 at Jesuit Saint Paul’s
Ans. (d) : Henry Vivian Derozio was an Indian poet
College.
and a teacher. He was born on 18th April 1809 AD. in
The first printing press was opened in India by
Calcutta and he died on 26th December 1831 (alive only
Portuguese. It is noteworthy that Johannes Gutenberg of
for 22 years). He was influenced by the Great
Germany made the first Printing Press in 1439 A.D. Revolution of France. He taught his students and his
17. In 1902, Lord Curzon appointed the University followers about logic, freedom and equality. And
Commission including two Indian members inspired them to think rationally.
Who were they? 21. Who established Banaras Sanskrit College?
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Surendranath (a) Annie Besant (b) Jonathan Duncan
Banerjee (c) Adam Smith (d) None of the above
(b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale and Rash behari Bose UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I
(c) Syed Hussain Bilgrami and Surendranath Ans. (b) : Banaras Sanskrit college was established by
Banerjee Jonathan Duncan to study Hindu law and philosophy, in
(d) Syed Hussain Bilgrami and Justice Gurudas 1791 AD. In 1958 it became a University and in 1974 it
Banerjee was renamed as Sampurnanand Sanskrit University.
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
22. Wellesley established the Fort William College
66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre) at Calcutta because
Ans. (d) : Curzon appointed a university commission on (a) he was asked by the Board of Directors at
27 January 1902 to enquire into the conditions and prospect London to do so
of universities in British India and to elevate the standard of (b) he wanted to revive interest in oriental
university teaching and to promote the advancement of learning in India
learning. The commission was led by Thomas Raleigh. The (c) he wanted to provide William Carey and his
commission also included two Indians- Syed Hussain associates with employment
Bilgrami and Justice Gurudas Banerjee. (d) he wanted to train British civilians for
18. Under which Viceroy was the Indian Universities administrative purpose in India
Commission set up in 1902? UPSC IAS (Pre) 2020
(a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Minto Ans. (d) : Fort William College was established by
(c) Lord Hardinge (d) Lord Chelmsford Lord Wellesley on July 10th, 1800 in Kolkata. The
Haryana PSC Pre 2017 purpose of establishing this college was to teach British
Ans-(a) Kindly refer to the explanation of above officers of Indian languages so that they could perform
question. their administrative responsibilities in better way.
19. Calcutta University Commission appointed in 23. Who recommended the establishment of First
1917 was also known as: University in the Country in 1857?
(a) Hunter Commission (a) 1813 Charter Act
(b) Saddler Commission (b) 1833 Charter Act
(c) Strachey Commission (c) 1835 Act
(d) MacDonnell Commission (d) 1854 Wood's despatch
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
History of Modern India 98 YCT
Ans. (d): Wood's despatch of 1854 recommended the - More emphasis was to be given on primary
establishment of first university in the Country in 1857. education and it should be handed over to new
Wood's despatch suggested that elementary schools formed city and district board.
should adopt vernacular languages and high schools - The syllabus of secondary education was to be
should adopt Anglo vernacular language and the differentiated into Literature and Practical syllabus
medium of instruction should be English. The separately.
University of Calcutta, Bombay and Madras were - To encourage the private participation in the field of
established by Sir Charles Wood's Despatch in the year education.
1857. - More liberal grant should be given to girl's school
24. During the end of eighteenth century who had and the grant-in-aid rules should be easier.
first mooted the idea of setting up a network of - Provision for Girl's hostles.
schools for teaching British in India? 27. In the Hunter Commission report, special
(a) Charles Grant (b) William Carey emphasis was laid on the development of-
(c) David Hare (d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy (a) Girls education (b) Higher education
UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018 (c) Primary education (d) Technical education
Ans: (a) At the end of the 18th century, in order to UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2004
establish English as a medium of teaching in India, UPPSC Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004
Charles Grant, a civil servant of East India Company, Ans-(c) Kindly refer to the explanation of above
proposed an idea to establish a network of schools in question.
British India. He has been considered as “Father of 28. In which of the following places Warren
modern education in India”. Hastings set up a Madrassa in 1781.
25. Consider the following and arrange them in (a) Dhaka (b) Delhi
chronological order. (c) Kolkata (d) Lucknow
1. Wood's Despatch TS PSC Group-I & II -2017
2. Foundation of Roorkee Technical College Ans. (c): In 1781, Warren Hastings, the first Governor-
3. Constitution of Hunter Commission General of India set up a Madrassa in Kolkata for the
4. Foundation of Kashi Vidyapeeth study and teaching of Muslim law.
Select the correct answer from the codes given
29. During whose viceroyality was the Vernacular
below:
Press Act enacted?
Codes:
(a) Lord Cuzon (b) Lord Morley
(a) 1 2 3 4
(c) Lord Lytton (d) Lord Ripon
(b) 3 2 1 4
Himanchal Pradesh PCS Pre 2010
(c) 2 1 3 4
Ans-(c) The Vernacular Press Act (VPA) was designed
(d) 4 1 2 3
and imposed by Lord Lytton in 1878. It was imposed to
UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
curb the writing liberties of Indian press magazines,
Ans: (c) The correct chronological order of the events
newspapers etc. The most abysmal aspect of this Act
as follows :-
was that it discriminated between vernacular or native
Foundation of Roorkee Technical College - 1847
languages and the British language. After being
Wood's Despatch - 1854
victimised, there was no right to make any appeal in a
Constitution of Hunter's Commission - 1882
court of law. The cases were registered against the
Foundation of Kashi Vidyapeeth - 1920-21
newspapers like 'Bharat Mihir', Sahcharya' 'Som
26. Which of the following was recommendation of
Prakash' under this Act. This Act attained success in its
Hunter's Commission?
aim. Due to strong opposition and agitation the Act was
(a) Women's education
annulled in 1882 by Lord Ripon.
(b) New regulation for the organised senates system
30. In which year Vernacular Press Act was
(c) Gradual withdrawal of state support from higher
passed?
education
(a) 1878 (b) 1875
(d) Introduction of civic education at college and
(c) 1879 (d) 1881
university level
UK RO-ARO (Pre.) 2021
Haryana PSC Pre 2014
Ans-(a) The Hunter Commission of 1882 was Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above
appointed by the then Governor-General of India on 3rd question.
Feb. 1882. Presided by Sir William Hunter, the 31. When was the 'Vernacular Press Act' Passed?
commission was set up to enquire into the execution of (a) 1878 (b) 1981
Wood's Despatch of 1854 and to recommend the further (c) 1884 (d) 1987
suggestions for better outcomes. This commission was Himanchal PSC Pre 2019
focused on primary and secondary education. Its Ans. (a) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
recommendations were as follows- question.
History of Modern India 99 YCT
32. Which of the following led to the introduction of Ans. (b) During the British rule in India, the
British Education in India? downwards filtration theory was adopted in the country.
1. Charter Act of 1813 Filtration means coming of something to the bottom
2. General Committee of Public Instruction, 1823 from the top. Thus the filtration theory in education
3. Orientalist and Anglicist Controversy meant coming down of education or knowledge from
Select the correct answer using the code given below the top to the bottom, i.e., from the higher class people
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only to the middle classes or the general people. The British
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 planned to educate a small section of upper and middle
IAS (Pre) 2018 classes Indians thus creating a class "Indian in blood
Ans-(d) The Charter Act of 1813, incorporated the and colour but British in tastes, in opinions, in morals and
in intellect who would act as interpreters between the
principle of encouraging learned Indians and promoting
Government and masses and would enrich the vernaculars
knowledge of modern sciences in the country. The Act
by which knowledge of western sciences and literature
directed the Company to sanction 1 lakh rupees would reach the masses. This was called 'downward
annually for this purpose. In 1823 AD, the Governor - filtration theory'. This theory was propounded by Lord
General -in Council appointed a “General Committee of Macaulay. He explained his point of view by stating that
Public Instruction”, which had the responsibility to “the purpose of East India Company was only to educate
grant the 1 lakh of rupees for education. That committee the elite class which would educate the general public
consisted of 10 European members belonging to 2 later-thus fulfilling the goal of educating the masses in
groups- Anglicists and Orientalists under the general.”
Presidentship of Lord Macaulay. Hence, it promoted 35. Lord Macaulay was related to-
both Indian and British education. (a) Military reforms (b) Abolishment of Sati
Orentalist-Anglicist Controversy: Within the General (c) British education (d) Permanent Settlement
Committee on Public Instruction, the Anglicists argued UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2007
that the government spending on education should be Ans-(c) A committee headed by Lord Macaulay was
exclusively for modern studies. The Orientalists said appointed by William Bentinck to make
while western sciences and literature should be taught to recommendations for the promotion of education in
prepare students to take up jobs, emphasis should be India. Macaulay stressed on the promotion of European
placed on expansion of traditional Indian learning. Even education and science through English medium only.
the Anglicists were divided over the question of He fortified his recommendation with the view that
medium of instruction—one faction was for British "Indian learning was inferior to European learning".
language as the medium, while the other faction was for The recommendation was accepted by William
Indian languages (vernaculars) for the purpose. Lord Bentinck and in 1835 AD the Government Resolution
Macaulay's Minute (1835), is a famous minute which made english as the official and literary language of
settled the row in favour of Anglicists—the limited India. english was made as the medium of instruction in
government resources were to be devoted to teaching of schools and colleges which were opened by the British
western sciences and literature through the medium of Government.
British language alone. Hence all the options are correct. 36. Who advocated British as the medium of
education?
33. In whose reign was English education introduced
(a) Lord Macaulay (b) Lord Dalhousie
in India?
(c) Charles Wood (d) Lord Curzon
(a) Lord William Cavendish Bentinck
(b) Lord Hardinge UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992
(c) Lord Minto Ans-(a) Kindly refer to the explanation of above
(d) Lord Dalhousie question.
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011 37. The foundation of modern education system in
Ans-(a) In India, Thomas Babington Macaulay is fully India was laid by-
credited with the official introduction of English (a) The Charter Act of 1813
education though the necessary order on the subject (b) Macaulay’s Minutes of 1835
were given by Lord William Cavendish Bentinck the (c) The Hunter Commission of 1882
governor general of India on 7th march 1835. English (d) Woods Dispatch
was introduced as a medium of higher education on the IAS (Pre) G.S. 1993
advice of his (Bentinck) council member, Thomas Ans-(b) Kindly refer to the explanation of above
Babington Macaulay. question.
34. The propounder of “Filtration Theory” in India’s 38. Who among the following repealed the
education policy was- Vernacular Press Act of 1878?
(a) Charles Wood (b) Macaulay (a) Lord Ripon (b) Lord Lytton
(c) J. S. Mill (d) Cornwallis (c) Lord Curzon (d) Lord Minto
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2013 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1994
UP Lower (Pre) 2013 IAS (Pre) 2005
History of Modern India 100 YCT
Ans. (a) The Vernacular Press Act was passed by Lord Dispatch was that it repudiated the 'downward filtration
Lytton in 1878 AD. According to this Act, the theory' because it asked the Government of India to take
vernacular or the local newspapers could not print any the responsibility of education of the masses.
material or information that could provoke people Unfortunately, it was only on paper.
against the British rule. By this Act, the magistrates of 41. Consider the following landmarks in Indian
the districts were empowered to such an extent that no education:
appeal would be entertained in court of a law related to 1. Hindu College, Calcutta
vernacular press without the prior permission of the 2. University of Calcutta
Government, Thus the Vernacular Press Act of 1878 3. Adams Report
gagged the press and result of some proceedings were 4. Woods Despatch
against vernacular press people. There was strong The correct chronological order of these
opposition to the Act. The Act was later repealed by landmarks is-
Lord Ripon in 1881 AD, who followed Lord Lytton. (a) 1, 3, 4, 2 (b) 1, 4, 3, 2
39. Under whose Governor-Generalship was the (c) 3, 1, 4, 2 (d) 3, 2, 4, 1
Vernacular Act repealed? Ans-(a) The Hindu College, Calcutta (now Kolkata)
(a) Lord Ripon (b) Lord Lytton was established in 1817 by the joint efforts of Raja Ram
(c) Lord Curzon (d) Lord Dufferin Mohan Roy and David Hare. Lord William Bentinck,
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2009 the then governor general of India appointed William
Ans-(a) Kindly refer to the explanation of above Adam in 1835 to survey the state of education in
question. Bengal and Bihar and to suggest reforms. Adam
40. What is the correct chronological sequence of the submitted 3 reports (1835-1838). The Court of Directors
following? of the East India Company sent a despatch in July, 1854
1. Woods Education Despatch. to the Governor-General of India in Council, suggesting
2. Macaulay’s minute on education. the establishment of the Universities of Calcutta, Madras
3. The Sargent Education Report. and Bombay. In pursuance of that despatch, the University
4. Indian Education (Hunter Commission) of Calcutta was founded on January 24, 1857.
(a) 2, 1, 4, 3 (b) 2, 1, 3, 4 42. Wood Despatch is related to-
(c) 1, 2, 4, 3 (d) 4, 3, 1, 2 (a) Judicial Reforms (b) Education
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1997 (c) Parliamentary Reforms (d) Economic Reforms
Ans-(a) In 1835 AD, the education policy of Lord Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11
Macaulay was published titled “Minute on Indian Ans-(b) Kindly refer to the explanation of above
Education” in which he advocated educating Indians question.
through British system and also enrich Indian 43. Charles Wood’s Despatch was related with which
languages’ so that they could become the vehicles of of the following?
European scientific, historical and literary expression. (a) Education (b) Trade
Sir John Sargent, the Educational Adviser to the (c) Administrative Reforms (d) Military Reforms
Government of India was asked to prepare a MPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2015
comprehensive report on education. For the purpose, the Ans-(a) Kindly refer to the explanation of above
government formed a Committee of Enquiry with 22 question.
members. The report of the committee was submitted to 44. The aim of education as stated by the Wood’s
the Central Advisory Board of Education (CABE) in despatch of 1854 was:
1944. The Board accepted it and recommended its (a) the creation of employment opportunities for
enforcement. The scheme was known as ‘Sargent native Indians.
Scheme of Education’ as it was prepared by John (b) the spread of western culture in India.
Sargent. (c) the promotion of literacy among the people
Hunter Education Commission was founded in 1882 by using British medium of language.
Lord Ripon (1880-1884 AD). The government (d) the introduction of scientific research and
appointed the commission under the chairmanship of rationalism in the traditional Indian education.
William Wilson Hunter to review the progress made in IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003
the field of education by Charles Wood’s declaration in Ans-(c) In 1854 AD, Charles Wood, the President of
1854. In 1854 AD the President of the Board of Control Board of Directors prepared a despatch on the
of the East India Company sent the “Wood’s despatch” educational system for India. Considered the
also termed as Magnacarta of British Education in "Magnacarta of British Education in India", this
India" to the Governor General Lord Dalhousie. In document was the first comprehensive plan for the
accordance with Wood’s despatch, Education spread of education in India. The despatch first throws
Departments were established in every province and light on the aims and objectives of educational policy of
universities were opened at Calcutta, Bombay and the Company in India. It gave highest priority to the
Madras in 1857 on the model of the London University. University Education. The Despatch had the following
One of the significant and notable aspects of Wood's objectives in view:
History of Modern India 101 YCT
(i) An education department was to be set up in every (c) A is true but R is false
province. (d) A is false but R is true
(ii) Universities on the model of the London University IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998
to be established in big cities such as Bombay, Ans-(a) Gopal Krishna Gokhale was a nationalist leader
Calcutta and Madras. and the active member of the Indian National Congress.
(iii) At least one government school to be opened in He was elected as the President of Indian National
every district. Congress in the year 1905. As a strong nationalist
(iv) Affiliated private schools should be given grant in aid. leader, Gokhale realised the importance of the primary
(v) The Indian natives should be given training in education for the children. In the capacity of being the
their mother tongue also. member of the Legislative Council on 16th March,
(vi) Provision was made for a systematic method of 1911, Gokhale presented a Bill in the Legislative
education from primary level to the university level. Council The Bill, however, was liberal and humble and
(vii) It laid stress on female and vocational education the main objective of the bill was to make primary
and on teachers training. education free and compulsory in a phased manner. The
Government refused to take up the responsibility of
45. Regarding Wood's Despatch, which of the
compulsory education but accepted the policy of
following statements are true? removal of illiteracy and urged the provincial
1. Grants-in-Aid system was introduced. governments to take early steps to provide free
2. Establishment of universities was elementary education to the poor and more backward
recommended. section. It was feared by the then British government
3. British as a medium of instruction at all levels that educated peasant would create problem in
of education was recommended. Select the administering the country. Hence both A and R are
correct answer using the code given below: correct and R is (a) correct explanation of A.
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only 48. Who one of the following had vigorously
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 advocated for religious education in the Indian
IAS (Pre) 2018 Universities?
Ans-(a) Kindly refer to the explanation of above (a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
question. (b) Swami Vivekanand
46. Which one of the following statements about the (c) Mahatma Gandhi
British Education Act of 1835 is NOT correct? (d) Madan Mohan Malviya
(a) It was proposed by Governor General William UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2005
Bentinck on the advice of Macaulay. Ans-(d) Madan Mohan Malviya had vigorously advocated
(b) It made English as the language of instruction in for religious education in the Indian Universities. He
Indian education system. founded Banaras Hindu University in 1916 AD. He
(c) With the formal institutionalization of English advocated that religion must be a part of education
as the language of instruction, the stage was set founded on Indian ideals and enriched with science.
for a new direction to Indian education. 49. Which of the following pair is NOT correctly
(d) To the existing Oriental Institutions, fresh matched?
awards of stipends to students and the (a) Hunter Commission - 1882
(b) Indian Universities Commission - 1904
publication of classical texts were to continue.
(c) Sargent Education Scheme - 1915
UPSC CAPF Exam Ist 2017 (d) Hartog Committee - 1929
Ans-(d) The English Education Act of 1835 was passed Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11
during the tenure of Lord William Bentinck (1825-35). Ans-(c) The General Council of Education requested
It made English as the language of instruction in Indian Lord Ripon, the Viceroy of India to institute an enquiry
education system. With the formal institutionalization into Indian education. Lord Ripon appointed the Indian
of english as the language of instruction, the stage was Education Commission in 1882, with Sir William
set for a new direction of Indian education. Lord Hunter as its Chairman. It is known as Hunter
Macaulay's Minute (1835) settled the row in favour of Commission of 1882. However the Indian Universities
Anglicists—the limited government resources were to Commission was a body appointed in 1902 on the
be devoted to teaching of western sciences and literature instructions of Lord Curzon. The Sargent Scheme,
through the medium of english language alone. formally known as the Report of the Sargent
47. Assertion (A): The first ever Bill to make Commission on Post-War Education Development in
primary education compulsory in India was India, was a 1944 memorandum prepared at the behest
rejected in 1911. of the British-run Government of India that outlined the
Reason (R): Discontent would have increased if future development of literacy and education in India.
every cultivator could read. In 1929, the Indian Statutory Commission had
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct appointed a committee under the chairmanship of Sir
explanation of A Philip Hartog to give its report on the development of
(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct education, on whose recommendation the Central
explanation of A Advisory Board was reorganized in 1935.
History of Modern India 102 YCT
50. Saddler Commission was related to- 55. Who is considered as the “Liberator of Indian
(a) Judiciary (b) Revenue Administration Press”?
(c) Education (d) Police Administration (a) Augustus Hicky (b) Charles Metcalfe
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2008 (c) MacGrath (d) Disaraeli
Ans-(c) The Government of British India appointed the Uttarakhand RO/ARO (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016
Saddler Commission in 1917 to study and report on the Ans-(b) Kindly refer to the explanation of above
problems of the Calcutta University. This Commission question.
also reviewed the entire field, from school education to 56. Which of the following colleges was first to be
university education. There were 2 Indian members established?
Ashutosh Mukherji and Jiauddin Ahmad in the (a) Hindu College, Calcutta
Commission. (b) Delhi College
51. When did the British Government appoint (c) Mayo College
Saddler University Commission for reforms in (d) Muslim Anglo-Oriental College
education? UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2012
(a) 1919 (b) 1917 Ans-(a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy comes first among the
(c) 1921 (d) 1896 initial promoters of modern education. He had
BPSC (Pre) 2007-08 established Hindu College in Calcutta along with the
Ans-(b) Kindly refer to the explanation of above cooperation of David Hare and Alexander Duff in 1817.
question. Delhi College was established in 1824. Mayo College,
52. By whose constant efforts the first Women’s Ajmer was established in 1875, Muslim Anglo-Oriental,
University in Mumbai in 1916 was founded? Aligarh was founded in 1875.
(a) Dayaram Gindumal (b) D.K. Karve 57. In collaboration with David Hare and Alexander
(c) Ramabai (d) M.G. Ranade Duff, who of the following established Hindu
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006 College in Calcutta?
Ans-(b) Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey (a) Henry Louis Vivian Derozio
(SNDT) University, the first women's university in (b) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
India was founded in 1916 by Professor Dhondo (c) Keshab Chandra Sen
Keshav Karve, with the objective of educating more (d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
women. He founded a widow home in Poona (Pune) in IAS (Pre) G.S. 2009
1899 with the objective to give high-caste widows an Ans-(d) Kindly refer to the explanation of above
interest in life by providing them jobs and making them question.
independent. He was awarded Bharat Ratna in 1958. In 58. Who among the following is the founder of Kashi
2016 the university completed 100 years of its Vidyapeeth?
foundation. (a) Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya
53. The establishment of the first Women’s (b) Acharya Narendra Dev
University in Mumbai was the result of the effort (c) Babu Shiv Prasad Gupta
of- (d) Mahatma Gandhi
(a) B.M. Malabari (b) D.K. Karve UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2016
(c) S.S. Bengali (d) Ramabai Ans-(c) Babu Shiv Prasad Gupta and Bhagwan Das
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2002 founded Kashi Vidyapeeth at Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh in
Ans-(b) Kindly refer to the explanation of above 1921 during Non-Cooperation Movement. The
question. university was inaugurated by Mahatma Gandhi. In
54. From the following Britishers, who is credited for 1936 Mahatma Gandhi inaugurated the Bharat Mata
removal of ban on newspapers? Temple founded by Babu Shiv Prasad Gupta in
(a) Lord William Bentinck (b) Charles Metcalfe Varanasi. Shiv Prasad Gupta, philanthropist, freedom
(c) Lord Macaulay (d) Warren Hastings fighter and educationalist, died on 24th April 1944.
(e) Lord Clive 59. Who founded the First Sanskrit Mahavidyalaya
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) Ist 2012 at Varanasi?
Ans-(b) Lord Metcalfe (Governor General of India (a) Jonathan Duncan (b) Warren Hastings
1835-36) had succeeded Lord William Bentinck, being (c) Lord Macaulay (d) Bankim Chandra
senior member of council. His short term of office is Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2006
memorable for the measure which his predecessor had Ans-(a) Jonathan Duncan began his career in India in
initiated, but which he carried into execution. He is best 1772 and in 1788 was appointed superintendent and
known for giving complete liberty to the press. Due to resident at Banaras (Varanasi) by Lord Cornwallis,
his liberal policy towards press, Lord Metcalfe is known where he helped stamp out the practice of infanticide.
as Liberator of Indian Press. In 1795, he became governor of Bombay, and held that

History of Modern India 103 YCT

post for the rest of his life (nearly sixteen years). In 1791 Ans-(d) Kindly refer to the explanation of above
he started the Sanskrit College at Banaras for the study question.
of Hindu law and Philosophy. In 1958 the Sanskrit 65. Who among the following was the first to
College became a university and in 1974 the name was emphasize the need to establish separate
changed to Sampurnanand Sanskrit University.
educational institution for the rulers of the
60. The founder of Banaras Hindu University was-
princely states of Rajasthan?
(a) Radhakrishnan
(b) Gandhiji (a) Colonel Loch (b) Lord Lansdowne
(c) Pandit Mandan Mohan Malviya (c) Captain Walter (d) Lord Mayo
(d) None of the above RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2016
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1995 Ans-(c) Captain Walter was the first to emphasize the
Ans-(c) Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya has been need to establish separate educational institution
credited for the foundation of Banaras Hindu University (known as Mayo College) for the rulers of the princely
in 1916. He had vigorously advocated for religious states of Rajasthan. The idea of Mayo college was
education in the Indian Universities. In 1898 Annie proposed in 1869 by Caption Walter. The college was
Besant founded Central Hindu School in Banaras and founded in 1875 by Lord Mayo the then Viceroy of
by the efforts of Madan Mohan Malviya it got India. Its first principle was Sir Ociver St. John.
developed as Banaras Hindu University. However Lord
66. The first three universities in India (Calcutta,
Hardinge, then Viceroy laid the foundation stone of
Banaras Hindu University on February 4, 1916 on the Madras and Bombay) were established in which
occasion of Basant Panchami. It was the first Central year?
University of India. (a) 1857 (b) 1881 (c) 1885 (d) 1905
61. Where was the first Madarsa set up by British in RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2010
India? Ans-(a) The first three universities in Calcutta, Madras
(a) Madras (b) Bombay and Bombay were laid down by the Despatch of Charles
(c) Aligarh (d) Calcutta Wood, 1854. It is also known as Magnacarta of Indian
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2006 education. The three universities were established in the
Ans-(d) The first Madarsa named ‘Aliah’ was founded year 1857 on the model of London University.
by Warren Hastings in 1781 at Calcutta to learn Persian 67. Which University of England was adopted as a
and Arabic. Mulla Mujjuddin was the first head (Najin)
pattern with the establishment of universities in
of this Madarsa.
India in 1857?
62. Who was associated with the foundation of
Deccan Educational Society? (a) Oxford (b) Cambridge
(a) Justice Ranade (b) Firoz Shah Mehta (c) London (d) Manchester
(c) B.G. Tilak (d) Dayanand Saraswati UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) Spl. 2010 Ans-(c) Kindly refer to the explanation of above
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2013 question.
Ans-(c) Deccan Educational Society was founded by 68. Who among the following social reformers was
Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Gopal Ganesh Agarkar along known for proficiency in Sanskrit language?
with Vaman Shivram Apte and Mahadeo Ballal (a) Dayanand Saraswati
Namjoshi in 1880. (b) Iswar Chandra Vidhyasagar
63. Who founded Shantiniketan? (c) Raja Rammohan Roy
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru (d) All the above
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2013
(c) Ravindranath Tagore Ans-(d) Swami Dayanand Saraswati, Raja Ram Mohan
(d) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Roy and the Acharya of Sanskrit College Ishwar Chandra
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2004-05 Vidyasagar were proficient in Sanskrit language.
Ans-(c) Shantiniketan, originally was an ashram built
69. When was the National Council of Education
by Debendranath Tagore, where anyone could come and
established?
spend time meditating. On December 22, 1901
(a) 15 August, 1903 (b) 15 August, 1904
Rabindranath Tagore established his school at
shantiniketan. He originally named this school (c) 15 August, 1905 (d) 15 August, 1906
Brahmcharya Ashram. It is located in Birbhim district BPSC (Pre) 2011
of West Bengal. Ans-(d) The National Council of Education (NCE) was
64. In which district of West Bengal does the founded on January 15, 1906. The objective of this
Shantiniketan located? council was- ‘dealing with literary, scientific and
(a) Bardhaman (b) Bankura technical fields at the all-India level and under national
(c) Murshidabad (d) Birbhum control’. NCE founded Bengal National College and
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1990 Bengal National School.

History of Modern India 104 YCT

 70. Who among the following had primarily Women’s Education Conference held in Calcutta, the
implemented the Press Censorship? first noted attempt to bring women together in support
(a) Wellesley (b) Hastings of women’s education rights. She was active in debates
(c) John Adams (d) Dalhousie and conferences concerning the advancement of
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001 women. Sister Subhalakshmi was a dauntless savior of
Ans-(a) In 1799 AD, Lord Wellesley brought the the neglected and socially marginal, widow
Censorship of Press Act, 1799. The idea was to stop the community of India. All her life, she unflinchingly
French from publishing anything which could harm claimed the fundamental rights for women and the
British in any way. This Act brought all the newspapers necessary improvement in the status of widow,
under the Government scrutiny before their publication. particularly in the Madras Presidency of British India.
This Act was later extended in 1807 and covered all She founded Sharda Mahila Sangh in 1912. Keshab
kinds of Press Publications newspapers, magazine, Chandra Sen is well known for women education.
books and Pamphlets. The Act was cancelled by Lord Women’s education was one of Keshab’s greatest
Hastings in 1818 AD. concerns. He founded Bhartiya Brahmo Samaj in 1866.
71. Who of the following was a supporter of 74. Consider the following statements about the press
freedom of Indian Press? and literature in Colonial India
(a) Lord Wellesley (b) Lord Lytton 1. The print media enabled the nationalists
(c) Lord Hastings (d) Lord Adam living in different parts of the country to
UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018 exchange views with one another.
Ans: (c) Kindly refer the explanation of above 2. The British rulers were prepared to tolerate
question. the nationalist criticism of their rule.
72. The main reason for the British Government to 3. The Vernacular Press Act (1878) evoked a
spread modern education in India during pre- nationwide protest against the encroachment
independence period was- on freedom of expression.
(a) the need for educated Indians in minor Which of the statements given above is/are
administrative posts. correct?
(b) to promote Indian culture. (a) 1and 3 (b) 2 and 3
(c) to modernise the Indian people so that they (c) 2 only (d) 1 and 2
could share their political responsibilities. UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2009
(d) none of these. Ans-(a) In British India, the Vernacular Press Act,
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2004-05 1878 (Act of 1878) was enacted to curtail the freedom
Ans-(a) The main reason for the British Government to of the Indian press and prevent the expression of
spread modern education in India during pre- criticism toward British policies. The Act was proposed
independence period was the need for educated Indians by Lord Lytton, the then Viceroy of India. The press
in minor administrative posts. Actually, it was clear and literature of the colonial India made a nationwide
from the minute of Lord Macaulay of February 2, 1835 movement against the Vernacular Press Act. As a result
that he wanted to form a class of persons; Indian in the Act was repealed by Lord Ripon in 1881 AD who
blood and colour, but British in tastes, in opinions, in followed Lord Lytton. The print media enabled the
morals and in intellect. nationalists living in different parts of the country to
73. Who among the following were well known as exchange views with one another.
champions of women’s education in colonial 75. The suppression of Indian language newspapers
India? under the Vernacular Press Act of 1878 was
1. Sister Subhalaksmi caused by the criticism of-
2. Begum Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain (a) lavish lifestyle of the British officials.
3. Keshub Chandra Sen (b) ill-treatment given to indigo workers by their
4. Ananda Coomaraswamy British masters.
Choose the correct answer from the code given (c) inhuman approach of British officials towards
below- the victims of the famine of 1876-77.
(a) 1,2,3 and 4 (b) 1,2 and 3 only (d) misuse of religious places of India by British
(c) 3 and 4 only (d) 1 and 2 only officials.
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2015 UPSC CDS IInd 2012
Ans-(b) Begum Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain was a Ans-(c) The suppression of Indian language newspapers
Muslim feminist and social reformer who dedicated her under the Vernacular Press Act of 1878 was caused by
life to education and the empowerment of women. In the criticism of inhuman approach of British officials
1916, she founded the Muslim Women’s Association, towards the victims of the famine of 1876-77.
an organization that argued for women’s education and Vernacular Press Act was passed by Lord Lytton and
employment. In 1926, Rokeya presided over the Bengal later in 1882 the Act was repealed by Lord Ripon.
History of Modern India 105 YCT

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13.
Establishment of Political
Entity Before 1885
1. Arrange the following political organizations Select the correct answer using the codes given
chronologically. below.
1. Pune Sarvajanik Sabha (a) A B C D
2. Bombay Presidency Association 2 1 3 4
3. Madras Mahajan Sabha (b) A B C D
4. Indian Association 1 2 4 3
(a) 2 1 4 3 (c) A B C D
(b) 1 4 3 2 3 4 1 2
(c) 3 4 2 1 (d) A B C D
(d) 4 2 1 3 2 1 4 3
MH PSC (Pre) 2023 Assam PSC (Pre) 2022
Ans. (b) : The correct chronological order of political Ans. (d) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
organisation as per their year of establishment is as- question.
Political Founder Year of 3. Which of the following statement(s) correct
organisation Establishment about Madras Native Association?
Poona Mahadev Govind 1870 (i) The first political organisation started in
Sarvajanik Ranade India
Sabha (ii) The Madras Native Association began to
Bombay Pherozshah Mehta 1885 function on 1852
Presidency K.T. Telang, (iii) The founder of the Madras Native
Association Badruddin Tyabji Association was G. Lakshminarasu Chetty
Madras M. 1884 (iv) The leader of the Madras Native
Mahajan Veeraraghavachariar Association was Anandha Charlu
Sabha G. Subramania Iyer (a) (iii) only
and (b) (i) and (ii) only
P. Anandacharlu (c) (ii) and (iii) only
Indian Surendranath 1876 (d) (ii) and (iv) only
Association Banerjee (e) Answer not known
Anand Mohan Bose TNPSC (Pre) 2022
East India Dadabhai Naoroji 1866 Ans. (c) : Landholder society was the first political
Association organisation, launched in 1838. Hence, statement-I is
London incorrect. The Madras Native Association was formally
launched by Gazulu Lakshminarasau Chetty in 1852,
2. Match the associations (List-I) with the years of
with objective to call for reforms in British
their establishments (List-II) :
administration and protest any injustice meted out to
List-I List-II Indians. Hence, only statement- II & III are correct.
A. East India 1. 1852 4. Who established the 'East India Association' in
Association, London London?
B. Bombay Association 2. 1866 (a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
C. Madras Mahajan 3. 1876 (b) Subhash Chandra Bose
Sabha (c) Dadabhai Naoroji
D. Indian Association, 4. 1884 (d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Bengal Sikkim PSC (Pre) 2022
History of Modern India 106 YCT
Ans.. (c): The East India Association was founded by (c) Bombay Association
Dadabhai Naoroji in 1866 in London with objective to (d) Madras Native Association
provide representation for Indians to the Government. UPPSC ACF-RFO Main I Paper 2019
5. Given below are two statements, one labeled as Ans. (b) : Kindly refer the explanation of the above
Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R): question.
Assertion (A) : Dadabhai Naoroji organised the 8. Who of the following was not associated with
East India Association in 1866 in London to Madras Mahajan Sabha?
discuss on Indian questions. (a) Raghav Cheriyar
Reason (R): He wanted to influence the British (b) P. Anand Charlu
Public opinion. (c) G. Subramaniam Iyer
Choose the correct answer from the code given (d) Shyamji Krishna Verma
below: Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2010-11
(a) (A) is true but (R) is false Ans-(d) Madras Mahajan Sabha was founded in May,
(b) (A) is false but (R) is true 1884 by G. Subramaniam Iyre, P Anand Charlu and
(c) Both (A) and (R) are true but and (R) is the Raghav Cheriyar to coordinate the functions of local
correct explanation of (A) organizations and institutions. Shyamji Krishna Verma
was an Indian revolutionary fighter, an Indian patriot,
(d) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the
lawyer and journalist who founded the Indian Home
correct explanation of (A)
Rule Society, India House and the Indian Sociologist in
UPPSC RO /ARO( PRE) 2021
London. The Mahajan Sabha held it first confrence
Ans. (c) : The East India association was founded by
between 29 december 1884 – January 2, 1885.
Dadabhai Naoroji in 1866. The 1st president of association
9. The Madras Mahajan Sabha was established in
was Lord Lyveden. Its main purpose was to discuss
the year-
problems of Indians and to influence the British public
(a) 1880 (b) 1881
opinion and make them aware of the conditions of Indians
(c) 1882 (d) 1884
so as people of England can support Indian cause.
BPSC (Pre) 2011
6. The first political organization established in
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
India in 1838 was known as-
10. Who amongst the following was the founder of
(a) British India Society
(b) Bengal British India Society ‘Indian Association’?
(c) Settlers Association (a) Bipin Chandra Pal
(d) Zamindari Association (b) Dadabhai Naoroji
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2010 (c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1993 (d) S.N. Bannerjee
Ans-(d) Zamindari Association or Landlords Society UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2008
founded by Dwarkanath Tagore and his associate Ans-(d) The Indian Association was founded on July
landlords in 1838 was the first political organization 26, 1876 with its name the Indian Association of
established in Calcutta, India. It was the first political Calcutta. It was superseded by Surendranath Banerjee
organization which introduced constitutional recourse along with the cooperation of Anand Mohan Bose at
for complaints and organized efforts. The aim of this Calcutta. The association had preferred middle class
organization was to secure interests of landlords. than landlords. The association opposed Ilbert Bill on
7. Which one of the following was the first Political the dispute of lowering the age limit of civil service
Institution of India? examination. It was called Indian Civil Service
(a) British Indian Society Agitation. It was the most prominent organization prior
(b) Landholder's Society to Indian National Congress.
History of Modern India 107 YCT
 11. The most important pre-Congress National Dev and other founded British India Association
Organization was- merging Land Holders Society and British India Society
(a) Bengal British India Society on October 28, 1851.
(b) East India Association 14. Who amongst the following was one of the
(c) Young Bengal Association founders of the Bombay Presidency Association

(d) Indian Association of Calcutta in 1885?

BPSC (Pre) 2007-08, 2017 (a) Firoz Shah Mehta

Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (b) P. Ananda Charlu

12. Name the organization formed by Surendranath (c) M. V. Raghav Cheriyar

Banerjee which merged with the Indian National (d) S. N. Banerjee

Congress in 1866- UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016

Ans-(a) The Bombay Presidency Association was
(a) East India Association
founded in 1885 by Firoz Shah Mehta, Badruddin
(b) London India Society
Tayyabji and K. T. Telang. Firoz Shah Mehta was the
(c) Indian Association
President of this Association.
(d) Indian National Conference
15. Who founded Bombay Presidency Association?
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2007 (a) Firoz Shah Mehta
Ans-(d) The ideology and methodology of Indian (b) K. T. Telang
National Congress and Indian National Conference (c) W. C. Banerjee
founded by Surendranath Banerjee were alike, as a (d) Tayyabji
result they merged in 1886 on the advice of
(e) None of the above/ More than one from above
Surendranath Banerjee.
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
13. Which of the following was not one of the
Ans-(e) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
political institutions established in the earlier
16. Who among the following were called ‘Bombay
phase of Congress? Triumvirate’?
(a) The British India Association (a) Tilak, Gokhale, Naoroji

(b) The Indian Association (b) Mehta, Tilak, Tayyabji

(c) Madras Native Association (c) Mehta, Telang, Tayyabji

(d) Land Holders Society, Calcutta (d) Naoroji, Telang, Deshmukh

UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017

Ans-(c) Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty was an Indian Ans-(c) ‘Bombay Triumvirate’ or the Three Stars of

merchant, Indian independence activist and political Bombay included Badruddin Tayyabji, Firoz Shah

activist who founded the Madras Native Association as Mehta and K.T. Telang . All these three veterans had

a branch of British India Association on February 26, started the Bombay Presidency Association in 1885.

1852. It is notable that this organization condemned the The early name of Bombay Presidency Association was
rebellion of 1857, hence it could not get extensive Bombay Association which was founded by Dadabhai
public support and soon it lost its existence. Radhakant Naoroji in 1852.

History of Modern India 108 YCT

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14.
Indian National Congress-
Establishment, Function and
Important Conferences
1. Who said for the first time about the India 5. Match the following Presidents of Indian
National Congress that, "it is representing National Congress with their meetings :
only a microscopic minority class"? a. Dadabhai Naoroji I. Madras - 1887
(a) Lord Irwin (b) Lord Curzon b. Badruddin Tyabji II. Bombay - 1889
(c) Lord Minto (d) Lord Dufferin c. George Yule III. Allahabad - 1888
UPPSC (J) 2023 d. William Wedderburn IV. Calcutta - 1886
Ans. (d) : Lord Dufferin in his address in 1887 Choose the correct answer using the codes
criticised the congress and said congress is a body of given below :
microscopic minority.
A B C D
2. “The Indian National Congress was founded on (a) IV III I II
the basis of safety valve theory, to protect the
British Government from threats.” Which (b) III II IV I
leader said that? (c) IV I III II
(a) C. Rajagopalachari (b) Lala Lajpat Rai (d) II I III IV
(c) Bipin Chandra Pal (d) None of them APPSC (Pre) 2023
69th BPSC (Pre) 2023 Ans. (c) : The correct match is as follows :-
Ans. (b) : Safety Valve Theory said theme formed the President of INC year
congress with the idea that it would proved to be a Dadabhai Naoroji : Calcutta, 1886
safety value" for releasing the growing discontent of the Badruddin Tyabji : Madras, 1887
Indians. This theory was endorsed by many extreamist
leader including Lala Lajpat Rai. George Yule : Allahabd, 1888
William Wedderburn : Bombay, 1889
3. Which Congress Session passed the resolution
of Fundamental Rights in 1931? 6. When and where was the last session of the
(a) Allahabad (b) Karachi Congress held before independence and who
(c) Mumbai (d) Gaya was the president thereof?
JPSC (Pre) 2024-I (a) November 1947 at Calcutta, presided by
Sarojini Naidu
Ans. (b) : The Karachi session of Congress in 1931 was
(b) November 1946 at Meerut, presided by
Presided by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. In this session
Acharya J. B. Kripalani
congress adopted resolutions committing itself to the
defence of fundamental civil rights, as well as socio- (c) March 1947 at Rampur, presided by Maulana
economic rights such as the minimum wage and the Abul Kalam Azad
abolition of untouchability and serfdom. (d) June 1946 at Lucknow, presided by Pandit
4. 'Vande Mataram' the national song was first Jawaharlal Nehru
sung in which session of the Indian National Manipur PSC (Pre) 2023
Congress? Ans. (b) : The last session of the Indian National
(a) Kolkata, 1896 (b) Lahore, 1929 Congress before the Independence of India was held in
(c) Bombay, 1889 (d) Varanasi, 1905 Meerut in November, 1946.
Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022 The session was chaired by the then president
Ans. (a) : Vande Mataram, written by Bankim Chandra
Acharya J.B. Kripalani.
Chatterjee adopted as the National Song of India in Before Acharaya J.B. Kripalani, Abul Kalan Azad
October 1937 by the Congress. It was first sung by was the president of the Indian National Congress
Rabindranath Tagore in 1896 at Kolkata. from 1940-46.
History of Modern India 109 YCT
7. Mahatma Gandhi presided over which session the most important political parties in pre-independence
of Indian National Congress? India. Womesh Chandra Bannerjee from Calcutta was
(a) 1922 (b) 1924 elected as the President of first session while, at the
(c) 1928 (d) 1930 time of first Indian National Congress session, Lord
Dufferin was the Viceroy of British India.
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
11. The Congress declared complete Independence
Ans-(b) Mahatma Gandhi presided over the 39th
Session of Indian National Congress held in 1924 in for India as its goal at which session?
Belgaum, Karnataka. (a) Lahore Session 1929
8. At the Calcutta Session of the Indian National (b) Calcutta Session 1928
Congress (INC) held in 1906, the Flag of (c) Allahabad Session 1930
Swaraj for India was unfurled by (d) None of the above
(a) A.O. Hume
UKPSC Pre-2022
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji
Ans. (a): The Lahore session of INC was held in December
(c) G. K. Gokhale
1929. Jawaharlal Nehru was the INC president during the
(d) More than one of the above Lahore session. The Lahore session passed a resolution
(e) None of the above declaring Purna Swaraj or Complete Independence.
68th BPSC 2022
12. Who among the following never presided a
Ans. (b): At the Calcutta session of the Indian National session of Indian National Congress?
Congress (INC) held in 1906 the flag of Swaraj of India
(a) Lala Lajpat Rai
was unfurled by Dadabhai Naoroji.
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
9. Which of the followiong is/are not true in
relation to Congress Annual Session in 1927? (c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(i) This session was presided by Dr. M.A. (d) Subhash Chandra Bose
Ansari. UPPCS (pre.) 2021
(ii) This session passed a resolution against Ans. (b): Bal Gangadhar Tilak never presided over a
sending Indian Army to fight war in China session of the Indian National Congress. Whereas, Lala
and Japan. Lajpat Rai presided Indian National Congress special
(iii) In this session, resoultion on 'Purna Swaraj' session held in Calcutta in September 1920. Gopal Krishna
was adopted. Gokhale presided over the I.N.C session in 1905 and
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii) Subhash Chandra Bose was elected as president of the
(c) Only (ii) (d) None of the above Haripura Congress session in 1938. Hence option (b) is
CGPSC Pre 2022 correct.
Ans. (c) : The annual session of congress in 1927 13. Who was the President of Indian National
passed the resolution against the use of the Indian Congress at the time of India’s independence?
troops to fight war in China, Persia and Mesopotamia. (a) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Hence 2nd statement is incorrect. Rests of the
statements are correct. (b) J.B. Kripalani
Note:- The session was presided over by Dr Mukhtar (c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Ahmad Ansari. The Session also passed resolution (d) Jawaharlal Nehru
calling for the boycott of Simon Commission UK RO-ARO (Pre.) 2021
Furthermore during this session Jawaharlal Nehru
introduced the Independence Resolution which called Ans. (b): J.B. Kripalani was the President of Indian
for Purna Swaraj. National Congress at the time of India’s independence.
He was elected as the Congress Party President in 1946.
10. The Second Session of Indian National
Congress was held in: 14. Who was the president of the Indian National
(a) Madras (b) Pune Congress at the time of partition of India?
(c) Calcutta (d) Lucknow (a) J.B. Kripalani
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018 (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
Ans. (c): The second session of Indian National (c) Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad
Congress was held in 1886 in Calcutta. In the second (d) C. Rajgopalachari
session of Indian National Congress the President was
(e) None of the above/ More than one of the above
Dadabhai Naoroji. The Indian National Congress (INC)
was established in 1885 and it grew to become one of 65th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019
History of Modern India 110 YCT
Ans. (a) At the time of independence, Acharya J.B. (c) To express the viewpoint on the necessary
Kriplani was the President of the Indian National social issues with due consent of the educated
Congress. He resigned on November 1947. After that class
Dr. Rajendra Prasad became the President of INC. (d) To determine on which direction and on
15. Who was the Viceroy of India at the time of which basis the work has to be done in the
foundation of Indian National Congress? coming years for the Indian public interest
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
(a) Lord Lytton (b) Lord Curzon
66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre)
(c) Lord Dufferin (d) Lord Rippon
Ans. (e): In his presidential address W.C. Banerjee
UK RO-ARO (Pre.) 2021
declared following objectives of the Indian National
Ans. (c): On 28 December 1885, 72 social reformers, Congress.
journalists and lawyers gathered for the first session of To promote and consolidate the feeling of National
the Indian National Congress at Gokuldas Tejpal unity
Sanskrit College, Bombay. Lord Dufferin (1884-1888)
To formulate popular demands and present them
was the Viceroy of India at that time. before the government.
16. Who was the second Muslim President of the To bring together leaders from different parts of the
Indian National Congress? country
(a) Abul Kalam Azad To train and organize public opinion in the country
(b) Zakir Hussain
19. Where was the first Congress Session in Bihar
(c) Rahimtulla Mohamed Sayani held?
(d) Badruddin Tyabji (a) Patna (b) Gaya
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above (c) Muzaffarpur (d) Darbhanga
th
66 BPSC re exam 2020 (pre) (e) None of the above/More than one of the
Ans. (c) : First Muslim President of the Indian National above
congress was Badaruddin Tyabji who presided INC in 66th BPSC 2020(pre)
1887 at Madras and the second Muslim to Preside over Ans. (a) : Indian National Congress organized its 28th
INC session was Rahimtulla Mohamed Sayani in 1896 session at Bankipore, Patna in 1912. It was the first
at Calcutta. Nawab Syed Muhammad Bahadur was 3rd INC session in Bihar which was presided over by
Muslim president of INC who presided over in 1913 at Raghunath Narasinha Mudholkar. Second session of
Karachi session. INC in Bihar was held in Gaya in 1922. It was presided
by Chittaranjan Das.
17. How many Muslim delegates participated in
the Second Convention of the Indian National 20. Who among the following presided over the
Congress? Congress Session at Surat in 1907?
(a) 2 (b) 33 (a) Rash Behari Ghosh (b) Rash Behari Bose
(c) 30 (d) 41 (c) Aurobindo Ghosh (d) Sisir Kumar Bose
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre) Ans. (a): Ras Bihari Ghosh presided over the Surat
session of Indian National Congress in 1907. In this
Ans. (b): Second Session of Indian National Congress session the congress was divided into two wings
was held at Kolkata in 1886. It was presided over by Dada moderates and extremists.
Bhai Naoroji. 33 Muslim delegates participated in that 21. Who of the following said to have started the
session. Congress on the direction of the viceroy to act
18. Which of the following was not the objective of as a 'safety valve'?
the Indian National Congress as pointed out by (a) W.C. Banerjee (b) A.O. Hume
W.C. Banerjee in 1885? (c) William Heartburn (d) Anandamohan
(a) To promote contact and friendship among the Bose
protectors of the interests of the country Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
(b) To promote the feeling of nationalism among Ans. (b): A.O. Hume is said to have started the
fellow countrymen by removing the feeling of congress on the direction of the viceroy to act as a
casteism, communalism and regional biases 'safety valve'.
History of Modern India 111 YCT
• A.O. Hume, a retired English civil servant founded Ans-(b) The Indian National Congress was founded by
Indian National Congress. One of the main aims of Allan Octavian Hume on Dec. 28, 1885 in Bombay and
Hume in foundation of the Indian National Congress the first president of the INC was W.C. Banerjee. 72
was to provide an outlet-"a safety valve" - to the members participated in the very first session of the
increasing popular discontent against British rule. He INC. In 1885, Hume was appointed as General
believed that the National Congress would provide a Secretary of INC and remained on the post till 1906.
peaceful and constitutional outlet. 26. Which of the following statements about the
22. In which of its Sessions, the Congress declared founding of the Indian National Congress (INC)
its policy towards Indian States for the first is / are correct?
time? 1. The INC was formed in Bombay 1885
(a) Nagpur Session (b) Calcutta Session 2. The first President of the INC was W. C.
(c) Gaya Session (d) Lucknow Session Banerjee
OPSC (OCS)-2018 Paper-I Select the correct answer using the given below:
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
Ans. (a): The Congress declared its policy towards
Indian states for the first time at its Nagpur Session in (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
1920. It called upon the Princes to grant full, UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2016
responsible government in their states. Congress Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
allowed the people of the states to get enrolled as
27. Who presided over the first session of Indian
members, but they could not initiate political activity in
National Congress in Bombay?
the State in the name of the Congress.
(a) A.O. Hume (b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
• The President of this session was C.Vijaya Raghava
Chariar. In 1920, a special session of Indian National (c) B.G. Tilak (d) W.C. Bannerji
Congress was also held in Calcutta under the (Himachal PSC (Pre) 2016)
Presidentship of Lala Lajpat Rai. Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
23. Which of the following sessions of Indian 28. Who was the first President of Indian National
National Congress was presided over by C. Vijay Congress?
Raghav Chariar? (a) A.O. Hume (b) S.N. Banerjee
(a) Lucknow Session (1916) (c) W.C. Banerjee (d) Dadabhai Naoroji
(b) Nagpur Session (1920) UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2014
(c) Gaya Session (1922) UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2015
(d) None of the above MPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994, 1995
UPPCS (Mains(G.S.) 2016 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2004
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. UP Lower (Pre) 2015
24. The historical Lucknow Session (1916) of the Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Indian National Congress was presided over by
29. In December, 1885 the first conference of Indian
(a) Mrs. Annie Besant National Congress was held at-
(b) SN Banerjee (a) Ahmedabad (b) Bombay
(c) Madan Mohan Malaviya (c) Calcutta (d) Delhi
(d) A C Majumdar UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996, 1992
Mizoram PSC (CCE) Pre-2017 BPSC (Pre) 2000-01
Ans. (d): The Lucknow session of 1916 was presided IAS (Pre) G.S. 2008
by Ambika Charan Majumdar. He was an Indian
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006, 2007, 2010
Bengali politician who served as President of the Indian
National Congress. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
• The Lucknow pact was an agreement between the 30. In which year Indian National Congress was
Indian National Congress and the Muslim league. founded?
25. Who was the founder of the Indian National (a) 1887 (b) 1885
Congress? (c) 1886 (d) 1888
(a) William Adam (b) A.O. Hume MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1992
(c) Ras Bihari Bose (d) Motilal Nehru Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2004-05, 2006
(e) None of the above/More than of the above BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1999
65th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019 Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 112 YCT
31. How many representatives took part in the first 36. Who was the first woman President of the Indian
session of Indian National Congress? National Congress?
(a) 52 (b) 62 (a) Kasturba Gandhi
(c) 72 (d) 82 (b) Mrs. Annie Besant
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2011 (c) Sarojini Naidu
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (d) Bhakti Laxmi Desai
32. Who was the General-Secretary of Indian (e) None of the above/More than of the above
National Congress in the year 1885? 65th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019
(a) A.O. Hume Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji question.
(c) W.C. Banrejee 37. Who was the first Indian lady President of Indian
(d) Firoz Shah Mehta National Congress?
UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006, 2010 (a) Annie Besant (b) Sucheta Kriplani
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (c) Sarojini Naidu (d) Indira Gandhi
33. Indian National Congress was established by- BPSC (Pre) 2015
(a) A.O. Hume (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012
(c) Annie Besant (d) W.C. Banerjee UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2014
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993, 1999, 2007
MPPSC (Pre) 1993, 1998 MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2000
BPSC (Pre) 1997-98, 2000-01 Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2002/03, 2004-05
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2008 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 38. Which of the following leaders was never
34. The founder of Indian National Congress was a- associated with the Indian National Congress?
(a) Civil Servant (b) Scientist (a) V.D. Savarkar (b) Lala Lajpat Rai
(c) Social Worker (d) Military Commander (c) Vallabhbhai Patel (d) S.C. Bose
BPSC (Pre) 1999 Himachal Pradesh PSC Pre 2017
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(a) V.D. Savarkar was one of the freedom fighters
and nationalist of Indian Freedom Struggle. He started
35. For which of the following sessions the Congress
elected its first woman President? 'Mitra Mela' and 'Abhinav Bharat Samaj' in 1899 and
1904 respectively. V.D. Savarakar is credited for
(a) Calcutta Session, 1917
mushrooming the political ideology of Hindu Nation.
(b) Gaya Session, 1922 He was associated with Hindu Mahasabha. He had
(c) Allahabad Session, 1921 never been associated with the Congress.
(d) Lucknow Session, 1916 39. Which of the following political parties was called
BPSC (Pre) 1995 'Rajadroha Ka Karkhana' by the British?
UPPCS (Pre) Re-Exam G.S. 2015 (a) Muslim League
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2012 (b) Indian National Congress
Chhattisgarh PCS (Pre) 2016 (c) Communist Party of India
Ans-(a) Annie Besant, a leading member of the Indian (d) Unionist Party
National Congress, presided over the 1917 session in Himachal Pradesh PSC( Pre) 2013
Calcutta and became the first woman president of INC. Ans-(b) Indian National Congress was often called
Annie Besant was born in London on 1 October 1847. 'Rajdroha Ka Karkhana'. Commenting on Congress
Besant was a British social reformer, campaigner for Viceroy Curzon called it 'Dirty One' and 'Antinational
women's rights and a supporter of Indian nationalism. Organisation'.
Sarojini Naidu was elected as the President of the
Indian National Congress Party in 1925 during the 40. The following two statements have been given
session held in Kanpur, the first ever Indian woman to below. One has been marked Assertion (A) and
assume that position. Sarojini Naidu joined the Indian the other has been marked Reason (R).
National Movement in the wake of the 1905 partition of Assertion (A) : A.O. Hume founded Indian
Bengal. National Congress.
History of Modern India 113 YCT
 Reason (R) : He was of the opinion that people of 42. Who among the following was not present in the
India will fight their independence with the help founding session of Indian National Congress?
of Indian National Congress. (a) Dadabhai Naoroji
In context of the above statements which of the (b) G. Subramania Iyer
following is correct? (c) Justice Ranade
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (A) is the (d) Surendranth Banerjee
correct explanation of (R).
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1997
(b) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2004-05
correct explanation of (A).
Ans-(d) To promote youth nationalism, Surendra Nath
(c) (A) is correct and (R) is incorrect. Banerjee founded Indian National Association in
(d) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct. Bengal in July, 1876. The First National Conference of
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11 the Indian Association was held in December, 1883 and
Ans-(c) Allan Octavian Hume was a retired civilian it was declared that the Second National Conference
officer who founded Indian National Union in 1884. will be held in 1885. The Second National Conference
After his journey to Kolkata, Mumbai and Madras he of the Indian Association was held during December
25-27, 1885 in Kolkata. The dates clashed with the first
took the vow to organise the first Indian National Union
session of the Indian National Congress held in Bombay
meet in Pune (early Poona) with the objective to obtain
(Mumbai). The two events were planned without any
a share in government for educated Indians and to
coordination between the organizers. This prevented S.
create a platform for civil and political dialogue
N. Banerjee from attending the founding session of
between educated Indians and British rule. Due to
Indian National Congress.
advent of Cholera it was shifted to the campus of
Gokuldas Tejapal Sanskrit Vidyalaya in Bombay. The 43. Who among the following was the President of
first session of Indian National Union was held on Indian National Congress continuously for six
December 28, 1885 where on the advice of Dadabhai years?
Naoroji the organization was renamed as ‘Indian (a) Dadabhai Naoroji
National Congress’. (b) Abul Kalam Azad
41. Match List-I with the List-II and select the (c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
correct answer from the code given below: (d) Jawaharlal Nehru
List-I List-II UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012, 2016
(President) (Places, where meetings UP Lower (Pre) 2008
if Indian National Ans-(b) During Quit India Movement, Abul Kalam
Congress was held) Azad was the President of Indian National Congress
continuously for six years from 1940 to 1945. He is the
A. Abul Kalam Azad 1. Amritsar, 1919
youngest person to serve as the President of Indian
B. Sarojini Naidu 2. Bombay, 1934 National Congress in 1923 at the age of 35 years in
C. Motilal Nehru 3. Kanpur, 1925 Delhi special session.
D. Dr. Rajendra Prasad 4. Ramgarh, 1940 44. Who among the following was the youngest
Code: person to become the President of the Indian
A B C D National Congress?
(a) 1 3 2 4 (a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) 2 4 3 1 (b) Abul Kalam Azad
(c) Ananda Mohan Bose
(c) 3 2 4 1
(d) Bhupendra Nath Bose
(d) 4 3 1 2
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2017
UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2014
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(d) The correct matching is as follows-
45. Who had ridiculed Congress as representing only
Abul Kalam Azad – Ramgarh, 1940-45
shortsighted minority of the people?
Sarojini Naidu – Kanpur, 1925 (a) Lord Ripon (b) Lord Dufferin
Motilal Nehru – Amritsar, 1919 (c) Lord Curzon (d) Lord Wellesley
Dr. Rajendra Prasad – Bombay, 1934 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. IInd 2012
History of Modern India 114 YCT
Ans-(b) Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 3. Both Indian National Congress and Muslim
by A.O. Hume during the tenure of Lord Dufferin League held their sessions at Lucknow in
(1884-1888). He had ridiculed Congress as representing 1916 and concluded the Lucknow Pact.
only shortsighted minority of the people. Which of these statements given above is/are
46. The Indian National Congress was established correct?
during the Governor-Generalship of- (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 only
(a) Lord Ripon (c) 2 and 3 (d) 3 only
(b) Lord William Bentinck IAS (Pre) G.S. 2004
(c) Lord Dufferin Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2010
(d) Lord Curzon Ans-(c) The first session of Indian National Union was
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012, 2011, 2006 held on December 28, 1885 where on the advice of
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Dadabhai Naoroji the organization was renamed as
47. An important event of Lord Dufferin’s tenure as ‘Indian National Congress’. Hence the 1st statement is
Viceroy was- incorrect. The Second Session of Indian National
Congress under the Presidentship of Dadabhai Naoroji
(a) establishment of Ramakrishna Mission
was held in 1886 at Calcutta (now Kolkata). In 1916,
(b) establishment of Muslim League in Dhaka the sessions of both Indian National Congress and
(c) establishment of Indian National Congress Muslim League were held in Lucknow in which a pact
(d) beginning of the first Census named ‘Lucknow Pact’ was signed between both of
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2017 them.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 51. Consider the following statements about the
48. Who was the Governor-General during the Indian National Congress-
establishment of Indian National Congress in 1. Sarojini Naidu was the first woman to be the
1885? President of the Congress.
(a) Lord Linlithgow (b) Lord Wellesley 2. C.R. Das was in prison when he functioned
(c) Lord Dufferin (d) Lord Salisbury as the President of the Congress.
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017 3. The first Britisher to become the President of
the Congress was Alan Octavian Hume.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
4. Alfred Webb was the President of the
49. Consider the following statements:
Congress in 1894.
1. The first woman President of Indian
Which of the statements are correct?
National Congress was Sarojini Naidu.
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 and 4
2. The first Muslim President of Indian
National Congress was Badruddin Tayyabji. (c) 2,3 and 4 (d) 1,2,3 and 4
Which of the statement given above is/are IAS (Pre) G.S. 2000
correct? Ans-(b) Annie Besant was the first lady President of
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only Indian National Congress. She presided over the
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Calcutta session held in 1917. Hence statement 1 is
incorrect. A.O. Hume founded Indian National
IAS (Pre) Ist Paper G.S. 2015
Congress in 1885 but he never served as the President
Ans-(b) The 32nd session of Indian National Congress of Indian National Congress. He was elected General-
was held on December 26-29, 1917 at Calcutta in which Secretary of Indian National Congress. C.R. Das was
Annie Besant was elected as the first woman President elected as the President of Indian National Congress in
of Indian National Congress. Sarojini Naidu was the
1921 in Ahmedabad Session but he was in prison, so
President of Indian National Congress in 1925, Kanpur
Hakim Azmal Khan presided over the session and C.R.
Session. Hence the 1st statement is incorrect. Badruddin
Tayyabji was the first Muslim President of Indian Das acted as the President from prison. Alfred Webb was
National Congress elected in 1887 in the third session the President of the Congress in 1894, Madras Session.
held at Madras. 52. Given below is a list of persons who became
50. Consider the following statements: President of Indian National Congress. Arrange
them in chronological order.
1. The First Session of the Indian National
Congress was held in Calcutta. Select your answer using the code given below the
2. The Second Session of the Indian National list.
Congress was held under the President ship 1. Mahatma Gandhi 2. Jawaharlal Nehru
of Dadabhai Naoroji. 3. Vallabh Bhai Patel 4. Smt. Sarojini Naidu

History of Modern India 115 YCT

 Code: (a) Abul Kalam Azad
(a) 1,2,3 and 4 (b) 1,3,4 and 2 (b) Subhash Chandra Bose
(c) 1,4,2 and 3 (d) 4,3,1 and 2 (c) Pattabhi Sitaramayya
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2002, 2004 (d) J.B. Kriplani
Ans-(c) Mahatma Gandhi served as the President of BPSC (Pre) 1996
Indian National Congress only once in Belgaum Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(Karnataka) session held in 1924. Sarojini Naidu was 57. Haripura, where the annual session of Indian
the first Indian woman President of Indian National National Congress under the Presidentship of
Congress. She presided over 40th session held at Kanpur Subhash Chandra Bose in 1938 was held, is
in 1925. Jawaharlal Nehru presided over Lahore session located in the following state-
in 1929, Lucknow session in 1936 and Faizpur session (a) Gujarat (b) Madhya Pradesh
in 1937 while Vallabh Bhai Patel presided over Karachi (c) Maharashtra (d) Rajasthan
session of Indian National Congress held in 1931. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000
53. “The Congress is tottering to its fall and one of my Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
great ambitions while in India is to assist it to a 58. Who was elected the President of Indian National
peaceful demise”. The declaration was made by- Congress in 1938?
(a) Curzon (b) Dufferin (a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Hamilton (d) Irwin (b) Subhash Chandra Bose
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2002 (c) Abul Kalam Azad
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000, 2002 (d) Vallabh Bhai Patel
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2002-03 MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2014
Ans-(a) Lord Curzon in 1900 declared “the Congress is Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
tottering to its fall and one of my great ambitions, while 59. The ‘National Planning Committee’ was founded
in India, would be to assist it to a peaceful demise.” by-
British think tank avowed that under the guidance of (a) Jawaharlal Nehru (b) A. Dayal
moderates, Congress was a weak political institution (c) Subhash Chandra Bose (d) Lal Bahadur Shastri
which had no trust of Indians and it would be devastated
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2013
easily.
Ans-(c) The first attempt to develop a national plan for
54. Who said “The Congress is tottering to its fall India came up in 1938 in Haripura Session of Indian
and one of my great ambitions while in India is to National Congress. In that year, Congress President
assist it to a peaceful demise”? Subhash Chandra Bose had set up a National Planning
(a) Lord Lytton (b) Lord Dufferin Committee with Jawaharlal Nehru as its President.
(c) Lord Curzon (d) Lord Minto However the reports of the committee could not be
prepared and only for the first time in 1948 -49 some
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above papers came out.
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017 60. Who became the President of Indian National
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Congress after the resignation of Subhash
55. Who among the following presided over the Chandra Bose?
Haripura Session of Indian National Congress? (a) Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad
(a) C.R. Das (b) J.B. Kriplani (b) Pattabhi Sitaramayya
(c) S.C. Bose (d) J.L. Nehru (c) Rajendra Prasad
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper, 2006 (d) Sardar Patel
nd
Ans-(c) The 52 Session of Indian National Congress UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1997
was held at Haripura, Gujarat between February 19 to Ans-(c) Subhash Chandra Bose was again elected the
25, 1938. The session was presided over by Subhash President for the second time by defeating Dr. Pattabhi
Chandra Bose. Establishment of National Planning Sitaramayya, supported by Mahatma Gandhi in the
Tripuri session. Due to differences in Mahatma Gandhi
Committee was a major event of this session.
and Congress Working Committee, he resigned in April
Jawaharlal Nehru was elected as President of National
1939 from the chairmanship of the Indian National
Planning Committee. Congress and established the 'Forward Block'. After his
56. The President of Indian National Congress in resignation, Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the
1938 was elected- President of Indian National Congress.
History of Modern India 116 YCT
61. Who became the party president after the 66. The first elected European President of Indian
resignation of Subhash Chandra Bose from the National Congress was-
Presidentship of Congress in 1939? (a) A.O. Hume (b) George Yule
(a) Pattabhi Sitaramayya (c) Alfred Webb (d) Annie Besant
(b) Maulana Azad UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2013
(c) Rajendra Prasad Ans-(b) George Yule was a Scottish merchant in India
(d) Jaya Prakash Narayan who served as the fourth President of the Indian
Himachal Pradesh PSC (Pre) 2011 National Congress in 1888 at Allahabad and also was
the first non-Indian to hold that office.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
67. Who was the first Muslim President of Indian
62. The Haripura Session of Indian National National Congress?
Congress of 1938 was presided over by-
(a) Badruddin Tyabji (b) Abul Kalam Azad
(a) Abul Kalam Azad
(c) Rafi Ahmad Kidwai (d) M.A. Ansari
(b) J.B. Kriplani
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
(c) Rajendra Prasad
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2004
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2002
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. Ist Paper 2008 Ans-(a) Elected in 1887, Badruddin Tyyabji was the
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. first Muslim President of Indian National Congress. The
63. Where was Subhash Chandra elected as session was held between 22 to 28 December, 1887 at
President of Indian National Congress defeating Madras. He was elected as the President of 3rd session.
Pattabhi Sitaramayya? There were total 607 delegates who participated in this
(a) Faizpur Session, 1936 session.
(b) Haripura Session, 1938 68. First Muslim President of Indian National
Congress was-
(c) Ramgarh Session, 1940
(a) Abul Kalam Azad (b) Rafi Ahmad Kidwai
(d) Tripuri Session, 1939
(c) M.A. Ansari (d) Badruddin Tyyabji
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1995, 2003, 2005
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
64. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose became the
69. In which of its Working committees the Congress
President of Indian National Congress by
adopted a policy to end land ownership?
defeating which leader?
(a) Working Committee, 1937
(a) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(b) Working Committee, 1942
(b) J.L. Nehru
(c) Working Committee, 1945
(c) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(d) Working Committee, 1946
(d) C. Rajagopalachari
BPSC (Pre) 1994
(e) P. Sitaramaiyya Ans-(a) The Congress government of 1937 gave
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) Ist G.S. 2013 assurances to improve the agriculture during the
Ans-(e) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. election campaign. Consequently, the Congress
Working Committee prepared a comprehensive strategy
65. In which of the following session of Indian
for land reforms and passed Tenancy Act in the interest
National Congress Mahatma Gandhi did not took of the farmers in the Congress-ruled states. This policy
part? was adopted to end land ownership. New Tenancy Act
(a) Belgaum Session, 1924 was passed in the United Province in 1939 and in Bihar
(b) Lahore Session, 1929 and Odisha in 1938.
(c) Haripura Session, 1938 70. Four resolutions were passed at the famous
Calcutta session of Indian National Congress in
(d) Tripuri Session, 1939
1906. The question of either retention OR of
UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006 rejection of these four resolutions became the
Ans-(d) Due to leftist supremacy Mahatma Gandhi did cause of a split in Congress at the next Congress
not took part in Tripuri Session, 1939 and sent Govind session held in Surat in 1907. Which one of the
Vallabh Pant as his representative. following was not one of those resolutions?
History of Modern India 117 YCT
 (a) Annulment of partition of Bengal 73. In which of the following Sessions of Indian
(b) Boycott National Congress, Mahatma Gandhi said,
“Gandhi may die but Gandhism will remain
(c) National education
forever”?
(d) Swadeshi
(a) Calcutta Session, 1928 (b) Lahore Session, 1929
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2010
(c) Madras Session, 1927 (d) Karachi Session, 1931
Ans-(a) In 1906, the session at Calcutta was presided by UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2013
Dadabhai Naoroji. The moderates choose Dadabhai
Naoroji to preside the Congress. Dadabhai Naoroji, the Ans-(d) The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was endorsed by the
Indian National Congress in the Karachi Session that
‘Grand Oldman’ of India was respected by the
was held from March 26-31, 1931 under the
moderates and extremists alike. But, in this session, the
Presidentship of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. In this
congress was compelled by the extremists to adopt
session Mahatma Gandhi addressing the audience said-
following resolutions which were accepted by the
“Gandhi may die but Gandhism will remain forever.”
moderates with half heart. These were as follows- (i)
Resolution on National Education (ii) Resolution of Self 74. During the Indian Freedom Struggle, who among
Government (Swaraj) (iii) Resolution on Swadeshi (iv) the following proposed that Swaraj should be
Resolution on Boycott. No resolution of Partition of defined as complete independence free from all
Bengal was placed in this session. Thus in Calcutta foreign control?
session of 1906, under the leadership of Dadabhai (a) Mazharul Haque
Naoroji, Congress adopted Swaraj as the Goal of Indian (b) Maulana Hasrat Mohani
people. The Indian National Congress split into two (c) Hakim Ajmal Khan
groups the extremists and the moderates, at the Surat (d) Abul Kalam Azad
session in 1907. Extremists were led by Lala Lajpat Rai,
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2004
Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal (trio named
Lal Bal Pal) while the moderates by Gopal Krishna Ans-(b) The term ‘Swaraj’ was primarily used in the
Gokhale. Calcutta Session presided by Dadabhai Naoroji in 1906.
Maulana Hasrat Mohani in Ahmedabad session of
71. Who among the following drafted the resolution Indian National Congress held in 1920 proposed that
on fundamental rights for the Karachi Session of Swaraj should be defined as complete independence
Congress in 1931? free from all foreign control. But the resolution of
(a) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar complete independence was passed in Lahore Session
(b) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru presided by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru held in 1929.
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad 75. In which of the following sessions of Indian
(d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Congress, the word 'Swaraj' was
uttered from the Congress platform for the first
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005 time?
Ans-(b) In 1931, the Indian National Congress, at its (a) Banaras Session, 1905
Karachi session, adopted resolutions defining as well as (b) Calcutta Session, 1906
committing itself to the defence of fundamental civil
(c) Surat Session, 1907
rights, including socio-economic rights such as
minimum wage, the abolition of untouchability and (d) None of the above
serfdom. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru drafted the UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014
Resolution on Fundamental Rights and Economic Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Programme. The session was presided over by Sardar 76. Who among the following leaders proposed to
Vallabhbhai Patel. adopt Complete Independence as the goal of the
72. For the Karachi session of Indian National Congress in the Ahmedabad session of 1920?
Congress in 1931 presided over by Sardar Patel, (a) Abdul Kalam Azad
who drafted the Resolution on Fundamental (b) Hasrat Mohani
Rights and Economic Programme? (c) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
(b) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru IAS (Pre) G.S. 2001
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(d) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
77. While delivering the Presidential address, the
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2010 Congress President who advocated the introduction
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. of Roman script for Hindi language was-

History of Modern India 118 YCT

 (a) Mahatma Gandhi (a) Surendra Nath Banerjee
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru (b) Firozshah Mehta
(c) Abul Kalam Azad (c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose (d) Dinshaw Vacha
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2000 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1999
st
Ans-(d) In his Presidential address Subhash Chandra Ans-(c) The 21 Session of Indian National Congress
Bose had advocated the implementation of the Roman was held at Benaras in 1905 under the presidentship of
script for Hindi language at the Haripura Session of Gopal Krishna Gokhale. In this session Gokhale got the
Indian National Congress held in 1938. title of ‘Leader of the Opposition’. The resolution of
78. The last session of Indian National Congress boycott of British goods was put forward in this session.
attended by Bal Gangadhar Tilak was- 81. In which of its session Indian National Congress
(a) Calcutta Session, 1906 rejected the Government of India Act, 1935?
(b) Surat Session, 1907 (a) Ramgarh Session, 1940
(c) Calcutta Session, 1917 (b) Lucknow Session, 1936
(d) Amritsar Session, 1919 (c) Faizpur Session
UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006 (d) None of the above
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014 UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2013
Ans-(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak never attended any Ans-(b) The Government of India Act 1935 was the
session of Indian National Congress after Amritsar result of Round Table Conference. The Act was
Session, 1919. Horrified by the Jallianwala Bagh criticized by all sections of people and unanimously got
massacre, Tilak's health started declining and he passed rejected in the Lucknow session of Indian National
away on August 1, 1920. Congress, in 1936, under the chairmanship of
Jawaharlal Nehru. Instead, Congress demanded
79. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
formation of Constitution Forming Committee, which is
answer from the codes given below the lists:
to be decided on the basis of adult voting and then it
List-I List-II will make a constitution of independent India.
(Congress Presidents) (Venues of Session) 82. The only session of the Indian National Congress
A. Dr. M.A. Ansari 1. Haripura addressed by Mahatma Gandhi held at
B. Purushottam Das Tandon 2. Kanpur (a) Amravati (b) Belgaum
C. Sarojini Naidu 3. Madras (c) Karachi (d) Nagpur
D. Subhash Chandra Bose 4. Nasik UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2011
Codes: RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2009
A B C D Ans-(b) Mahatma Gandhi presided Indian National
(a) 1 2 4 3 Congress only once in Belgaum Session, 1924. It was
(b) 2 3 1 4 the only session of Indian National Congress addressed
(c) 3 4 2 1 by Mahatma Gandhi.
(d) 4 1 3 2 83. The only session of Indian National Congress
presided by Mahatma Gandhi was-
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2012
(a) Allahabad Sesion, 1921
Ans-(c) The correct matching is as follows-
(b) Gaya Session, 1922
List-I List-II
(c) Belgaum Session, 1924
(Congress Presidents) (Venues of Session)
(d) Karachi Session, 1930
Dr. M.A. Ansari Madras (42nd INC
Session, 1927) UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2013
Purushottam Das Tandon Nasik (56th INC Session, Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
1950) 84. Who presided over the Meerut session of Indian
Sarojini Naidu Kanpur (40th INC National Congress organized in 1946?
Session, 1925) (a) J.B. Kriplani
Subhash Chandra Bose Haripura (51st. INC (b) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Session, 1938) (c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
80. Who was the President of Indian National (d) B. Pattabhi Sitaramyya
Congress in Banaras Session of 1905? UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Pre) 2010
History of Modern India 119 YCT
Ans-(a) The 54th Session of Indian National Congress Ans-(a) The British Government declared Congress an
under the Presidentship of Acharya J. B. Kriplani was illegal organization during Quit Indian Movement. As a
held at Meerut in 1946. result the Congress leaders were taken captive. No
85. When did Congress pass the resolution of annual session of Congress was held between 1941 to
independence of India for the first time? 1945. When Congress Committee accepted the proposal
(a) 1927 (b) 1915 of divided India in Delhi on June 14, 1947, J. B.
(c) 1942 (d) 1935 Kriplani was the Chairman of Indian National Congress.
This proposal was presented by Govind Vallabh Pant
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1996
and supported by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Sardar
Ans-(a) Congress passed the resolution of independence Patel and Jawaharlal Nehru. J. B. Kriplani resigned
of India for the first time in Madras Session, 1927. This from Congress chairmanship on November 1, 1947 after
session was presided over by Dr. M. A. Ansari. Pt. which Dr. Rajendra Prasad became interim chairman of
Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhash Chandra Bose formed
Congress. Pattabhi Sitaramyya became the Chairman of
‘Independence for India League’ in Congress to achieve
Indian National Congress in Jaipur Session in 1948.
the target of complete independence.
86. Where did the 27th Session of Indian National 90. During the meeting of the Congress Working
Congress take place? Committee (April-May 1947) held in Allahabad,
one member from the following members was
(a) Bhagalpur (b) Patna
able to mobilize a majority in the favour of
(c) Ranchi (d) Bankipore Guerrilla warfare against Japan due to his
BPSC (Pre) 2011 ideology of anti-Nazism, anti-fascism and the
th
Ans-(d) The 27 Session of Indian National Congress anti-imperialist stance. He was-
was held between December 26-28, 1912 at Bankipore (a) Subhas Chandra Bose (b) Sarojini Naidu
under the Chairmanship of R. N. Madholkar.
(c) Maulana Azad (d) Jawaharlal Nehru
87. Which Congress President negotiated both
BPSC (Pre) 2003-04
Cripps Mission and Lord Wavell?
(a) Abul Kalam Azad (b) Jawaharlal Nehru Ans-(d) Jawaharlal Nehru was one of the very few
Asian nationalist leaders who had a clear perception on
(c) J.B. Kriplani (d) C. Rajgopalachari
Nazism, fascism and imperialism and who draw
BPSC (Pre) 2004-05 political conclusions from his standpoint. During the
Ans-(a) Abul Kalam Azad negotiated Cripps Mission in meeting of the Congress Working Committee (April-
1942 and Lord Wavell in 1945. He was twice elected May 1947) held in Allahabad, Jawaharlal Nehru was
President of the Indian National Congress, the first time able to mobilize a majority in the favour of Guerrilla
in 1923 when he was only 35 years old, and the second warfare against Japan due to his ideology of Anti-
time in 1940. He continued as the President of the Nazism, anti-fascism and the anti-imperialist stance.
Congress till 1946.
91. Who presided over the second session of Indian
88. In the following industrialists, who was the
National Congress?
cashier of A.I.C. for the longest time and also
went to jail in 1930? (a) Ganesh Agarkar
(a) G.D. Birla (b) Jamnalal Bajaj (b) Surendra Nath Banerjee
(c) J. R. D. Tata (d) Walchand Hirachand (c) Dadabhai Naoroji
BPSC (Pre) 2004-05 (d) Firozshah Mehta
Ans-(b) Jamnalal Bajaj was an Indian industrialist, a BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002
philanthropist, and Indian independence fighter. He was Ans-(c) The second session of Indian National
also a close associate and follower of Mahatma Gandhi. Congress under the chairmanship of Dadabhai Naoroji
At the age of 30 he took part in Indian National was held at Calcutta in 1886.
Congress. In protest of the British government's policy
towards India, he rejected the title of ‘Rai Bahadur'. He 92. Which of the following session of Indian National
was the Cashier in Indian National Congress from 1920 Congress was not presided over by Jawaharlal
to 1942. Nehru?
89. Who presided Delhi Session of Indian National (a) Lahore Session, 1929
Congress in 1947? (b) Lucknow Session, 1936
(a) J.B. Kriplani (b) Rajendra Prasad (c) Faizpur Session, 1937
(c) Abul Kalam Azad (d) Jawaharlal Nehru (d) Ramgarh Session, 1940
BPSC (Pre) 2004-05 UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006
History of Modern India 120 YCT
 Ans-(d) The 53rd Session of Indian National Congress 97. “Swaraj is my birthright, I shall have it” Tilak
was held at Ramgarh in 1940 under the Chairmanship expressed this statement for the first time in the
of Abul Kalam Azad while Jawaharlal Nehru presided following session of Indian National Congress-
over the Lahore, Lucknow and Faizpur Session of (a) Banaras (1905) (b) Calcutta (1906)
Indian National Congress. (c) Surat (1907) (d) Lucknow (1916)
93. For how many times Madan Mohan Malviya UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998
became the President of Indian National MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1990, 93, 95, 98
Congress? UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004
(a) 1 (b) 2 Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2006
(c) 3 (d) 4 UPPCS (Mains) Ist G.S. 2015
UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006 BPSC (Pre) 1998, 2000-01, 2003-04
Ans-(b) Madan Mohan Malviya presided over 2 Ans-(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak in Lucknow session of
sessions of Indian National Congress. Firstly he Indian National Congress held in 1916 vigorously
proclaimed “Swaraj is my birth right, I shall have it.”
presided over the Lahore Session (23rd Session) in 1909
followed by Delhi Session (33rd Session) in 1918. 98. Who said, '' Swaraj is my birthright and I shall
have it''?
94. Who said that 'Congress Movement was neither
(a) Bipin Chandra Pal
inspired by the people nor devised or planned by
(b) Aurobindo Ghosh
them'?
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(a) Lord Dufferin (b) Sir Syyed Ahmad
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose
(c) Lord Curzon (d) Lala Lajpat Rai
(e) None of the above/ More than one of the above
BPSC (Pre) 2004-05
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019
Ans-(d) Lala Lajpat Rai said at the Congress Session of UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991, 2005
1888 at Allahabad, “The Congress movement was
BPSC (Pre) 2011
neither inspired by the people nor devised or planned by
them. It was a movement not from within; the leaders Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
had neither sufficient political consciousness nor faith; 99. Which one among the following explains the
they had political opinions but not beliefs.” meaning of the 'Safety Valve Theory' in the
context of Indian National Movement?
95. Who among the following was never associated
(a) A theory that argued that the Congress was
with Indian National Congress?
formed as a safe outlet to the discontented
(a) Firozshah Mehta educated Indians
(b) Hakim Azmal Khan (b) A theory that argued that the Congress was
(c) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan formed as a safe outlet to the hostile attitude of
the British towards the Indian people
(d) Sir Syyed Ahmad Khan
(c) A theory which believed that the British and the
Uttarakhand UDA (Pre) 2003
ex-rebels of 1857 should amicably resolve their
Ans-(d) Sir Syyed Ahmad Khan was never associated differences against each other
with Indian National Congress. He founded Anglo- (d) An idea aimed at promoting goodwill among
Mohammadan School at Aligarh in 1875 which later the Indian people
became Aligarh Muslim University.
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2014
96. Who was the President of Gaya Session of the Ans-(a) The concept of Safety Valve Theory says that
Indian National Congress held in 1922? the British had seen the political situation in the country
(a) Chittranjan Das leading to another rebellion on the lines of the Mutiny
(b) S.N. Banerjee of 1857; and they wished to avoid such a situation. So,
they wanted to provide a platform to the people, where
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad they could discuss their political problems. Indian
(d) Hakim Azmal Khan National Congress was founded by a Retired Civil
BPSC (Pre) 2015 Servant, A. O Hume with the support of 72 political
activists on December 28, 1885. A O. Hume and other
Ans-(a) Famous by the name of ‘Deshbandhu’ British thought that the educated Indians may become
Chittranjan Das was the President of Gaya Session of leaders of the Indian public and organize a rebellion
the Indian National Congress held in 1922. Motilal against the government. So if the Government itself
Nehru along with Chittranjan Das founded Swaraj Party provides them a platform to raise their voice, it may be
in 1923. possible to stop such nuisance.
History of Modern India 121 YCT

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15.
Moderate Period of Indian
National Congress 1885-1905
1. Who called the Congress Conferences as the 4. Who amongst the following continuously
“Annual National Festival of Educated emphasised on giving self-rule to India in 1904,
Indians”? 1905 and 1906?
(a) Lala Lajpat Rai (a) Surendranath Banerjee
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (b) Pherozeshah Mehta
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale (c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(d) Vipin Chandra Pal (d) Dadabhai Naoroji
MPPSC Pre 2022 OPSC (OCS)-2018 Paper-I
Ans. (a): The Moderate leaders were accused of Ans. (c): Bal Gangadhar Tilak was a leader of the
limiting the range of their activities for the benefit of the Indian Independence movement. He continuously
middle-class intelligentsia and limiting the membership emphasized self-rule for India and spearheaded the
of the Congress to the middle class—for fear of losing Swadeshi Movement during 1904-1906 as the leader of
their leadership if the masses joined the movement. The
the extremist faction. He was called as the 'Father of
Moderate leaders were accused of ‘trading in the name
Indian Unrest’ by Valentine Chirol.
of patriotism. Tilak described the Congress as a
Congress of flatterers and Congress session ‘a holiday • He is also known as Lokmanya Tilak and he is the
recreation while Lajpat Rai dubbed Congress meeting founder of the Deccan Education Society (1884) along
the annual national festival of educated Indians.’ Both with his associate Gopal Ganesh Agarkar and others.
Tilak and Lajpat Rai believed that the Congress had no 5. Swaraj was first placed as a national demand by-
constructive activity. Tilak affirmed: “We will not
(a) B.G Tilak (b) C.R. Das
achieve any success in our labours if we croak once a
year like a frog.” (c) Dadabhai Naoroji (d) Mahatma Gandhi
2. The early leadership of the Indian National Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2002-03
Congress was______in its methods and aims. Ans-(c) In 1906, the Congress Session at Calcutta was
(a) Extreme (b) Moderate presided over by Dadabhai Naoroji. The moderates
chose Dadabhai Naoroji to preside the Congress.
(c) Nationalist (d) Colonialist
Dadabhai Naoroji, the ‘Grand Oldman’ of India was
Mizoram PSC-2021 respected by the moderates and extremists alike. But, in
Ans. (b): The moderates contributed significantly in this session, the Congress was compelled by the
Indian freedom struggle. The main objective of the extremists to adopt following resolutions which were
moderates was to achieve self government within the accepted by the moderates with half heart. These were
British Empire. They followed a middle path and not an as follows- (i) Resolution on National Education (ii)
extreme path against British Empire. The 1885-1905 Resolution of Self Rule (Swaraj) (iii) Resolution on
phase of Indian National Congress was dominated by Swadeshi (iv) Resolution on Boycott. Thus Swaraj was
moderates. first placed as a national demand in Calcutta session of
3. Which of the following stressed on giving self- 1906.
government to India continuously since 1904? 6. Who is called ‘Grand Old Man’ of India?
(a) S.N. Banerjee (b) Aurobindo Ghosh (a) Dadabhai Naoroji
(c) Firoz Shah Mehta (d) Dadabhai Naoroji (b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016 (c) Ramesh Chandra Banerji
Ans-(d) Swaraj (self-rule) was articulated in the presidential (d) Sir Syyed Ahmad Khan
address of Dadabhai Naoroji as the goal of Congress in its
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
Calcutta Session held in 1906. Although the word ‘Swaraj
was first used by Swami Dayanand Saraswati. Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 122 YCT
7. Congress passed the 'Swaraj' resolution in the 12. First Indian elected to the British House of
year 1906. The purpose of the resolution was- Commons was Dadabhai Naoroji who contested
(a) right to make a constitution for themselves but on the ticket of-
it was not done (a) Liberal Party
(b) to secure self-rule (b) Labour Party
(c) responsible government (c) Conservative Party
(d) self-government (d) None of the above/More than one of the above
BPSC (Pre) 2011 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
8. Who among the following leader presided over 13. Which one of the following statements is not
the Calcutta Congress Session in 1906? correct about Dadabhai Naoroji?
(a) He wrote a book ‘Poverty and Un-British rule in
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
India’.
(b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(b) He worked as a professor of Gujarati in the
(c) Aurobindo Ghosh University College, London.
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji (c) He laid the foundation of woman’s education in
BPSC (Pre) 2000-01 Bombay.
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (d) He was elected as a member of British
Parliament on the ticket of Conservative Party.
9. Dadabhai Naoroji was commonly known by the
name of- UP Lower (Pre) 2008
(a) Punjab Kesari (b) Gujarat Ratna Ans-(d) Dadabhai Naoroji was the first Indian elected to
the British House of Commons who contested on the ticket
(c) Gurudev (d) Grand Old Man of India
of Liberal Party in 1892 AD. Rest of the other options are
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991 correct about Dadabhai Naoroji.
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 14. Who was the first Indian to be elected in British
10. Who among the following was not a moderate Parliament?
leader? (a) Rasbihari Bose
(a) Phiroze Shah Mehta (b) Surendranath Banrejee
(b) Rash Behari Ghose (c) Dadabhai Naoroji
(c) Bipin Chandra Pal (d) Vitthalbhai Patel
(d) Womesh Chandra Banerjee UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992
Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans. (c): Bipin Chandra Pal was an Indian nationalist 15. Which one of the following statements is not
writer, orator social reformer and Indian independence correct about Dadabhai Naoroji?
movement freedom fighter. He was part of the "Lal Bal (a) He was the first Indian to be appointed as
Pal" triumvirate. Pal was one of the main architects of professor of Mathematics and Physics at
the Swadeshi movement along with Sri Aurobindo. He Elphinstone College, Bombay.
also opposed the partition of Bengal by the British (b) He was elected as the member of British
Colonial government. Parliament in 1892.
11. "Kings are made for Public; Public is not made (c) He started a Gujarati Journal, 'Rast Goftar'.
for King"- who made this statement during the (d) For four times he had presided over the Indian
national movement? National Congress.
(a) Surendranath Banerjee (b) R.C. Dutt UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji (d) Gokhale Ans-(d) Dadabhai Naoroji was the first Indian to be
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2015 appointed as professor of Mathematics and Physics at
Elphinstone College, Bombay. He was elected as the
Ans-(c) Dadabhai Naoroji who presided over the member of British Parliament in 1892 AD. He started a
second session of the Congress at Calcutta in 1886 AD Gujarati Journal, 'Rast Goftar'. He presided over only
made the statement “Kings are made for Public; three sessions of Indian National Congress, Calcutta
Public is not made for King.” He was the first Indian Session in 1886, Lahore Session in 1893 and 22nd
elected to the British House of Commons. He contested Session at Calcutta in 1906. Hence statement (d) is
on the ticket of Liberal Party in 1892 AD. incorrect.
History of Modern India 123 YCT
16. A committee was constituted in 1889 to get 20. Who accused Congress for practicing politics of
support for Congress. Who among the following prayer, petition and protest?
was the president of that committee? (a) S. N. Banerjee (b) V. D. Savarkar
(a) Sir W. Wedderburn (b) Mr. Digby (c) S. C. Bose (d) B. G. Tilak
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji (d) W.C. Banerjee UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2002
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 1996 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2005
Ans-(a) The official organ of Indian National Congress Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
in London was known as the British Committee of 21. Who called Indian National Congress a 'begging
Indian National Congress. The British Committee of the institute'?
Congress was formed on July 27, 1889 with Sir W. (a) B. C. Pal (b) Tilak
Wedderburn as its chairman and William Digby as its (c) Aurobindo Ghosh (d) None of the above
secretary. Its purpose was to raise awareness of Indian UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2008
issues among the public in Britain. Ans-(c) In 1893-94, Aurobindo Ghosh published an
17. Which of the following nationalist leaders has article series called 'New Lamps for Old' in Indu
been described as extremist in politics and Prakash in which he made the first systematic criticism
conservative in social subjects? of liberal politics. In his criticism he called the Congress
(a) Balgangadhar Tilak a ‘begging institute.’
(b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale 22. Who propounded the theory of passive resistance?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Bipin Chandra Pal
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (d) Aurobindo Ghosh
(d) Madan Mohan Malviya
BPSC (Pre) 2004-05
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2004-05
Ans-(d) The concept of passive resistance was
Ans-(a) Balgangadhar Tilak has been described as highlighted by Aurobindo Ghosh. He was against the
extremist in politics and conservative in social subjects. Moderates’ theory of “politics of petition” and along
He opposed ‘Age of Consent’ bill as he believed that with Tilak belonged to the extremist section of Indian
foreigners have no right to make laws for our society. National Congress. In place of prayer, petition, protest
His ideology was that society could be reformed by and “pleas”, he advocated the more radical policy of
educating the people. boycott. He visualized that other nations had won the
18. Who among the following was not a moderate? precious prize of liberty by ‘intense suffering,
humiliations and martyrdom’, than ‘merely by spending
(a) Gopal Krishna Gokhale the ink of the journalist and petition-framer and the
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak breath of the orator’. In view of Aurobindo, the politics
(c) A.O. Hume of petitioning was “the dream of timid inexperience, the
teaching of false friends who hope to keep us in
(d) Madan Mohan Malviya
perpetual subjection, foolish to reason, false to
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1995 experience“. In view of Aurobindo Ghosh, the
Ans-(b) Surat split 1907 refers to the split of Congress Moderates displayed only sentimental enthusiasm.
party in two groups: Moderates and Extremist. Lala 23. Assertion (A): The basic weakness of the early
Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal nationalist movement lay in its narrow social
and Aurobindo Ghosh were related to extremist group base.
of Indian National Congress. While the moderates Reason (R): It fought for the narrow interests of
include the leaders like Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Madan the social groups which joined it.
Mohan Malviya, Dadabhai Naoroji, S. N. Banerjee, Code:
Firoz Shah Mehta and Badruddin Tyabji. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
19. Who accused Indian national congress of explanation of A
practicing ‘politics of prayer, petition and (b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct
protest’? explanation of A
(a) Lala Hardayal (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (c) A is true but R is false
(c) Subhas Chandra Bose (d) Sardar Bhagat Singh (d) A is false but R is true
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2000
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2002 Ans-(c) The basic weakness of the early nationalist
movement lay in its narrow social base because in the
Ans-(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak accused Indian National early stages moderate leadership (Dadabhai Naoroji,
Congress of practicing the politics of prayer, petition Mahadev Govind Ranade, Gopal Krishna Gokhale,
and protest. He said “Three P's-pray, pleas and protest- Feroz Shah Mehta, Surendra Nath Banerjee etc.) was at
will not do unless backed by solid force.” its peak. But this liberal leadership did not fight for
History of Modern India 124 YCT
narrow interests of social groups instead they wanted to (a) Pandit Madan Moan Malviya
raise consciousness in the uneducated public. Later, (b) Mahadev Govind Ranade
they became the founder of India's extensive public
awareness and social movement. The impact of their (c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
ideas was the basis of the upcoming political (d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
background. Thus the assertion (A) of the question is IAS (Pre) G.S. 1997
true, but the reason (R) is false.
Ans-(c) One of the leaders of the moderate bloc of the
24. Consider the following statements: Indian National Congress and Mahatma Gandhi’s
Assertion (A): Bal Gangadhar Tilak was a political mentor, Gopal Krishna Gokhale was born on
communalist. May 9, 1866 at Kotluk in district Ratnagiri in modern-
Reason: He used religion as a political weapon. day Maharashtra to Krishna Rao Gokhale and his wife
Choose the correct option from the code given Valubai. He secured his graduate degree at the age of
below- 18 years from Bombay’s Elphinstone College in the
Code: year 1884. He worked in Pune as a school teacher. He
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct later taught economics and history at Fergusson College
explanation of A at the age of 20 years. In 1905, Gokhale established
(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct the Servants of India Society for expanding education
explanation of A among Indians. In 1889, Gokhale joined the INC
(c) A is true but R is false motivated by his mentor and social reformer M. G.
(d) A is false but R is true Ranade. At the age of 39 he presided over Banaras
Session of Indian National Congress held in 1905.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001
28. Gandhiji considered his political mentor to-
Ans-(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak was an extremist national
leader not communalist. Hence the assertion (A) is (a) Ravindranath Tagore
incorrect. He started Ganapati festival in 1893. By (b) Henry David Thoreau
doing so, he transformed the traditional Ganapati (c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
festival of Maharashtra into a National festival. He also
started Shivaji Mahotsava in Maharashtra in 1895. The (d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
purpose of celebrating these festivals was linked to self- UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993
pride and national unity. Bal Gangadhar Tilak, the Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
nationalist and 'the father of Indian unrest' as described
by the British was the man behind turning a private 29. Who among the following was not an extreme
household Ganesh Chaturthi celebration to a gala event. nationalist?
Hence we can say that he had used religion as a political (a) Bipin Chandra Pal (b) B. G. Tilak
weapon.
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai (d) G. K. Gokhale
25. Who started Ganesha festival in Maharashtra?
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2016
(a) B.G. Tilak (b) M.G. Ranade
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) Bipin Chandra Pal (d) Aurobindo Ghosh
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996 30. Which of the following Session of Indian National
Congress was presided over by Gopal Krishna
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Gokhale?
26. Who among the following transformed the
(a) 1902 (b) 1905 (c) 1906 (d) 1909
traditional Ganapati festival of Maharashtra into
a national festival and gave it a political character? UP Lower (Pre) 2003-04
(a) Ramdas (b) Shivaji Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) Mahadev Govind Ranade 31. In which year Gopal Krishna Gokhale founded
(d) Balgangadhar Tilak ‘Servants of India Society’?
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2007 (a) 1902 (b) 1903 (c) 1904 (d) 1905
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. Ist 2017
27. A graduate at 18, professor and associate editor Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
of the Sudharak at 20, Secretary of the
32. The method of moderate leaders of Congress
Sarvajanik Sabha and of the Provincial
Conference at 25, Secretary of the National was-
Congress at 29, leading witness before an (a) Non co-operation
important Royal Commission at 31, Provincial (b) Constitutional agitation
legislator at 34, Imperial legislator at 36,
(c) Passive resistance
President of the Indian National Congress at 39 a
patriot whom Mahatma Gandhi himself regarded (d) Civil disobedience
as his master. This is how a biographer describes- BPSC (Pre) 2007-08
History of Modern India 125 YCT
 Ans. (b) The main objective of the moderates was to Servants of India Society. In the course of the Indian
achieve self-government within the British empire. In freedom struggle, he rejected the title of ‘Knighthood’
order to achieve this aim they made several demands for and refused to accept a position in the Council of the
reforms and indulged in criticizing the government Secretary of State in India.
policies. They believed in patience and reconciliation 36. Who is known as Pioneer of Economic Nationalism?
rather than in violence and confrontation. They relied (a) R.C. Dutt (b) J.R.D. Tata
on constitutional and peaceful methods in order to
achieve their aim. The moderates believed in orderly (c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (d) S.A. Dange
progress and constitutional agitation. They believed in NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018
constitutional agitation within the four corners of law Ans. (a): Romesh Chunder Dutt is known as the
and also they believed that their main task was to Pioneer of Economic Nationalism. He entered the
educate the people, to arouse national political Indian Civil Service in 1871. He was also appointed
consciousness and to create a united public opinion on President of the Indian National Congress in 1899.
political questions
37. What was the purpose with which Sir William
33. Most of the moderate leaders were from- Wedderburn and W. S. Caine had set up the
(a) Rural areas (b) Urban areas Indian Parliamentary Committee in 1893?
(c) Both rural and urban areas (d) Punjab (a) To agitate for Indian political reforms in the
BPSC (Pre) 1999 House of Commons
Ans-(b) In early days of Congress estblishment most of (b) To campaign for the entry of Indians into the
the Indian leaders like Mahadev Govind Ranade, Dadabhai Imperial Judiciary
Naoroji, W. C. Banerjee, Gopal Krishna Gokhale and (c) To facilitate a discussion on India’s
Firoz Shah Mehta etc. were of moderate nature. Most of Independence in the British Parliament
them belonged to urban areas and were successful in their (d) To agitate for the entry of eminent Indians into
respective fields. Politics was not their profession. the British Parliament
34. Which one of the following statements about the IAS (Pre) G.S. 2011
moderate leaders of the Indian National Congress
Ans-(a) To agitate for India's political reforms in the
is NOT correct?
House of Commons, Sir William Wedderburn and W.S.
(a) They criticized the British for drain of wealth Caine had set up the Indian Parliamentary Committee in
from India 1893. Sir William Wedderburn entered Parliament in
(b) They advocated boycott of foreign goods 1893 as a Liberal member and sought to voice India's
(c) They ignored the issue of exploitation of Indian grievances in the House. He was a member of the Royal
rural people by the Zamindars Commission on Indian Expenditure in 1895. He came to
(d) They comprehended the vital role played by India in 1904 to attend the 20th session of the Indian
India in the imperial economy of Britain National Congress in Bombay.
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2010 38. Consider the following statements and identify
the person referred to therein with the help of the
Ans-(d) The moderate leaders like Mahadev Govind code given below:
Ranade, Dadabhai Naoroji, W.C. Banerjee, Gopal
During his stay in England, he endeavored to
Krishna Gokhale and Firoz Shah Mehta etc. criticized
educate the British people about their
the British for drain of wealth from India. They
responsibilities as rulers of India. He delivered
advocated boycott of foreign goods. They ignored the speeches and published articles to support his
issue of exploitation of Indian rural people by the opposition to the unjust and oppressive regime of
zamindars. Option (d) is incorrect because they the British Raj. In 1867, he helped to establish
criticized the British for drain of wealth from India. the East India Association of which he became
35. Who among the following rejected the title of the Honorary Secretary.
knighthood and refused to accept a position in Code:
the Council of the Secretary of State for India? (a) Pherozshah Mehta (b) Mary Carpenter
(a) Motilal Nehru (b) M.G. Ranade (c) Dadabhai Naoroji (d) Anandmohan Bose
(c) G.K. Gokhale (d) B.G. Tilak
UPSC CDS Ist 2010
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2008
Ans-(c) Dadabhai Naoroji during his stay in England,
Ans-(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale was elected to the endeavored to educate the British people about their
Mumbai Legislative Council in 1899 and to the Imperial responsibilities as rulers of India. He delivered speeches
Legislative Council in 1902. The conflict of Gokhale’s and published articles to support his opposition to the
moderate views with the more militant ideas of Bal unjust and oppressive regime of the British Raj. In 1867
Gangadhar Tilak led to a breach in the Indian National AD, he helped to establish the East India Association of
Congress that nearly immobilized it from 1907 to 1916. which he became the Honorary Secretary. He
In 1905, Gopal Krishna Gokhale had established the propounded the theory of ‘drain of wealth’.
History of Modern India 126 YCT

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16.
Partition of Bengal
and Swadeshi Movement
1. Bengal was partitioned by Lord Curzon in 4. An important aspect of the Swadeshi
1905. In which year partition was annualled? Movement in Bengal (1905) is the boycott of
(a) 1905 (b) 1909 British goods. Which one of the following first
(c) 1910 (d) 1911 suggested boycott of British goods in Bengal?
UK PSC (Pre) 2024 (a) Aurobindo Ghosh's Journal Bande Mataram/j
Ans.(d): Bengal was partititoned by Lord Curzon in (b) Krishna Kumar Mitra's weekly Sanjivani/j
1905, and it was annulled in 1911 by Lord Hardinge in
(c) Motilal Ghosh's Amrit Bazar Patrika/j
response to the Swadeshi Movement's riots in protest
against the policy. (d) Satish Chandra Mukherjee's Dawn/j
2. Who has said about Bengal Partition, "The Manipur PSC (Pre) 2023
partition announcement fell like a bomb Ans. (b) : Swadeshi movement was an anti partition
shell"? campaign launched in 1905, the famous boycott
(a) Gopal Krishna Gokhale resolution was passed during this campaign. Boycott
(b) Bipin Chandra Pal was first suggested by Krishna Kumar Mitra in
(c) Chittaranjan Das Sanjivani in 1905.
(d) Surendra Nath Bannerjee
(e) None of the above/More than one of the 5. The Swadeshi and Boycott were adopted as the
above methods of struggle for the first time during
67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021 the
Ans. (d) : Surendra Nath Bannerjee has said about (a) visit of the Simon Commission of India
Bengal Partition, "The partition announcement fell like (b) partition of Bengal
a bomb shell'. The partition was announced in July 1905 (c) Home Rule Movement
by Lord Curzon.
(d) More than one of the above
3. Consider the following statements :
Statement-I : 7th August is declared as the (e) None of the above
National Handloom Day. 68th BPSC 2022
Statement II : It was in 1905 that the Swadeshi Ans. (b): The Swadeshi and Boycott were adopted as
Movement was launched on the same day.
the methods of struggle for the first time during the
Which one of the following is correct in respect
of the above statements : partition of Bengal.
(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct 6. In 1904, the Golden League was established at
and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Deoghar with the objective of boycotting the
Statement-I.
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct British and advancing the Swadeshi Movement
and Statement-II is not the correct in-
explanation for Statement-I. (a) Bengal (b) Avadh
(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is (c) Punjab (d) Bihar
incorrect. (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
correct. 66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre)
UPSC IAS (Pre) 2023 Ans. (d) : The Golden League was established at
Ans. (a) : The first national handloom day was held Devghar, then in Bihar in 1904. Its main objective was
on7th August, 2015, from then on 7th August is to boycott the British and foreign product and
observed as National Handloom day annually. August 7 supporting the Swadeshi movement in Bihar.
was chosen as the National Handloom day to
commemorate the Swadeshi movement, which was 7. Consider the following freedom fighters:
launched on August 7 in 1905 in Calcutta town Hall to 1. Barindra Kumar Ghosh
protest against the Partition of Bengal by the British
government. Hence both the statement are true and 2. Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee
statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1. 3. Rash Behari Bose
History of Modern India 127 YCT
 Who of the above was/were actively associates (c) Gandhiji launched his Civil Disobedience
with the Ghadar Party? Movement
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 only (d) The Partition of India, in 1947 when East
Bengal became East Pakistan
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 3 only
IAS (Pre) 2014
UPSC IAS 2022 Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans. (d): The Ghadar Party was a political 11. The Partition of Bengal occurred on-
revolutionary organization founded in the United States (a) 15 August, 1905 (b) 15 September, 1905
of America by migrated Indians. (c) 16 October, 1905 (d) 15 November, 1905
Ans. The formation of the Ghadar Party was primarily UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994
the work of Sikhs. Sohan Singh, Kartar Singh, Abdul BPSC (Pre) G.S. 20021, 2002
Mohamed Barakatullah, and Rashbehari Bose were Uttarakhand PSC (Mains) 2004-05
among the prominent leaders who laid the groundwork Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
12. The Declaration of Partition of Bengal was done
for the establishment of an Indian political organization
on-
in the United States and Canada. (a) 19th July, 1905 (b) 7th August, 1905
th
8. With reference to the Civil Administration in (c) 15 August, 1905 (d) 16th October, 1905
1905, which of the statements is/are correct? (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
1. Lord Curzon decided to rearrange the BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
provincial boundaries Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
2. A new province was constituted, called 13. Which movement was started as a reaction to
the Partition of Bengal?
East Bengal and Assam (a) Non-Cooperation Movement
Select the correct answer using the codes given (b) Civil Disobedience Movement
below: (c) Swadeshi Movement
(a) 1 only (b) Both 1 and 2 (d) Purna Swaraj Movement
(c) 2 only (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
UPPCS (Pre) 2019 66th BPSC 2020(pre)
Ans (b) : In order to weaken the nationalism among Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
Indians, Lord Curzon decided to rearrange the Ans. (c) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
provincial boundaries. The Partition of Bengal was question.
declared on July 19, 1905 by then Viceroy of India, 14. In which year was the Partition of Bengal
Lord Curzon (1899-1905) and came into effect on annulled?
October 16, 1905. The partition took place into two (a) 1909 A.D. (b) 1910 A.D.
provinces-one province was Eastern Bengal and Assam, (c) 1911 A.D. (d) 1912 A.D.
with its capital at Dacca. The other province was West Himachal Pradesh PSC Pre 2011
Bengal, with its capital Calcutta. As a reaction to the Ans-(c) The Partition of Bengal was annulled in 1911
Partition of Bengal, Swadeshi Movement was formally by Lord Hardinge II (1910 - 1916). It was done in
declared on August 7, 1905. in a meeting held at the response to the Swadeshi movment's riots in protest
Calcutta Town Hall. The famous boycott Resolution against the policy. The partition animated the Muslims
to form their own national organization along
was passed in this meeting. Tilak called this movement
communal lines.
Bahishkar Yoga. S.N. Banerjee said that it is a
15. 'Bengal United is a power. Bengal divided will
protectionist movement and later on December 12, 1911
pull in several different ways'. Who of the
King George V abolished the division of Bengal in a
following made the statement?
durbar organized at Delhi. (a) Curzon (b) Minto
9. Who was the Governor-General who partitioned (c) Hardinge (d) Risley
Bengal? TS PSC Group-I & II -2017
(a) Curzon (b) Canning Ans. (d) : Sir Herbert Hope Risley (1851-1911), British
(c) Minto (d) Mayo Home Minister, who observed, "Bengal United is a
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2011 power. Bengal divided will pull in several different
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. ways." This statement was very strong and important as
10. The Partition of Bengal made by Lord Curzon in it reflects the design of the British policy of Divide and
1905 lasted until- Rule. Sir H.H. Risley was a British civil servant,
(a) The First World War when Indian troops were anthropologist and linguist who published widely on the
needed by the British and the partition was customs and social structure of Indian society. He
ended. proposed a theory of the caste system as a racial
(b) King George V abrogated Curzon's Act at the hierarchy of classification, which was highly influential
Royal Darbar in Delhi in 1911 in colonial administrative policy.

History of Modern India 128 YCT

16. Which Congress Session supported the (c) The arrest and deportation of Lala Lajpat Rai
Swadeshi and Boycott Movement for Bengal in and Ajit Singh and passing of the Punjab
1905? Colonization Bill
(a) Calcutta (b) Belgaum (d) Death sentence pronounced on the Chapekar
(c) Karachi (d) Banaras brother
Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2011 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2010
Ans (d) : Banaras Congress Session supported the Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Swadeshi and Boycott Movement for Bengal in 1905. 21. The Swadeshi Movement took place in India
17. Which movement started after the Partition of during-
(a) the Champaran Satyagraha of Gandhiji
Bengal?
(b) the anti-Bengal partition agitation
(a) Civil Disobedience
(c) the protest against Rowlatt Act
(b) Swadeshi Movement
(d) the Non-Cooperation Movement
(c) Quit India Movement
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
(d) Non-Cooperation Movement BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2015 Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(b) When Curzon (1899-1905) then Viceroy of 22. Which among the following was the most
India, announced the partition of Bengal in July, 1905, immediate factor for the spread of Swadeshi and
Indian National Congress, initiated Swadeshi boycott of foreign goods during the first decade
Movement in Bengal. Swadeshi Movement was of the last century?
launched as a protest movement which also gave a lead (a) Curzon's design to curtail the sphere of local
to the Boycott movement in the country. The self government
‘Swadeshi’ and ‘Boycott’ were adopted as methods of (b) Curzon's attempt to control the universities
struggle for the first time during the agitation against (c) Curzon's partition of Bengal
the Partition of Bengal. Swadeshi movement was (d) Curzon's plan to curb the growing popularity of
officially proclaimed on August 7, 1905 at the Calcutta the Indian National Congress
Town Hall, in Bengal. The movements included using UPSC CDS Ist 2011
goods produced in India and burning British-made Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
goods. Bal Gangadhar Tilak encouraged Swadeshi and 23. The Swadeshi Movement started in India
Boycott movement after the British government decided during;
the partition of Bengal. In 1909, the movement had (a) The Champaran Satyagrah of Gandhiji
spread across the country and people had started anti- (b) The protest against the Rowlatt act
partition and anti-colonial movements. (c) The first non- cooperation movement in
18. The ‘Swadeshi’ and ‘Boycott’ were adopted as 1919-22
methods of struggle for the first time during the- (d) The agitation against partition of Bengal
(a) agitation against the Partition of Bengal Manipur PSC-2013
(b) Home Rule movement Ans. (d): Kindly refer the explanation of above
(c) Non-Cooperation Movement question.
(d) visit of the Simon Commission to India 24. The main reason for the rise of disturbance
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2016 during the period of Lord Curzon was-
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (a) Campaign of Tibet
19. In the context of the Indian Freedom Struggle, (b) Partition of Bengal
16th October, 1905 is well known for which of the (c) Act of preservation of ancient monuments
following reasons? (d) Construction of Victoria Hall
(a) The formal proclamation of Swadeshi Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11
Movement was made in Calcutta town hall Ans-(b) The main reason for the rise of disturbance
(b) Partition of Bengal took effect during the period of Lord Curzon (1899-1905) was
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji declared that the goal of 'Partion of Bengal'. Partition of Bengal, 1905 effected
Indian National Congress was Swaraj on 16 October during the viceroyalty of Lord Curzon,
(d) Lokmanya Tilak started Swadeshi Movement in proved to be a momentous event in the history of
Poona modern Bengal.
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2009 25. Name the Viceroy of India concerned with
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. partition of Bengal-
20. What was the immediate cause for the launch of (a) Lord Lansdowne (b) Lord Elgin
the Swadeshi Movement? (c) Lord Curzon (d) Lord Marley
(a) The partition of Bengal done by Lord Curzon Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2003
(b) A sentence of 18 months rigorous imprisonment BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
imposed on Lokmanya Tilak Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 129 YCT
26. The Lieutenant Governor of Bengal at the time of 30. Who among the following led the agitation
Partition of Bengal was against the Partition of Bengal (1905)?
(a) Sir Andrews Fraser (b) H. H. Risley (a) Surendranath Banerjee
(c) Brodrick (d) A. T. Arundel (b) C. R. Das
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014 (c) Ashutosh Mukherjee
(d) Rabindra Nath Tagore
Ans-(a) Sir Andrews Henderson Leith Fraser was an
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2011
Indian Civil Servant. He served as Lieutenant Governor Ans-(a) Surendranath Banerjee led the anti- partition
of Bengal from1903 to 1908. He was very actively agitation and was called by the people ‘the Uncrowned
involved in the Partition of Bengal. king of Bengal,” and ‘Surrender Not,’ because of his
27. Lord Curzon made partition of Bengal in 1905. brave declaration “I will unsettle the settled fact”
In which year the partition was cancelled? (Partition of Bengal). He records in his autobiography a
(a) 1911 (b) 1912 significant aspect of the Swadeshi movement. He writes
(c) 1913 (d) 1914 “the Swadeshi Movement invaded our homes and
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993 captured the heart of our women-folk who were even
more enthusiastic than men.” He was in the forefront of
Ans-(a) There was a succession in England where King
the movement and organized protests, petitions and
George V ascended the throne. In 1911 he paid a visit to extensive public support across Bengal and India, which
India. A grand darbar was held at Delhi to finally compelled the British to reverse the bifurcation
commemorate the coronation of King George V and of Bengal in 1911. October 16, 1905 was celebrated as a
Queen Mary as emperor and empress of India on 'Day of mourning' by the people in Bengal. Irrespective
December 12, 1911. In this darbar, the King declared of their class, caste, sex, and social position the people
that Capital of India will be transferred from Calcutta to kept on fasting, tied Rakhi to each other and sung
Delhi. In the same darbar it was also declared that the ‘Vande Mataram’ song.
partition of Bengal is cancelled. 31. For which movement ‘Vande Mataram’ was
28. Who was the first to suggest the boycott of British adopted as slogan for the first time?
goods in Bengal? (a) Revolt of 1857
(b) Partition of Bengal in 1905
(a) Aurobindo Ghosh
(c) Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922
(b) Krishna Kumar Mitra (d) Quit India Movement of 1942
(c) Ravindra Nath Tagore UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2002
(d) Surendra Nath Banrejee Ans-(b) For Partition of Bengal in 1905 'Vande
UP Lower (Pre) 2004 Mataram' was adopted as slogan for the first time. It
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011 was only after the partition of Bengal (1905) when the
Ans-(b) Krishna Kumar Mitra, a journalist, an Indian political soul was awakened and the nation was
freedom fighter and leader of Brahmo Samaj, was the searching for the discovery of a medium 'by which it
first to suggest the boycott of British goods in Bengal. could express itself that Vande Mataram became a
He was an active leader who was against the partition of living slogan for the nationalists. As a mantra of
Bengal. He founded a nationalist Bengali weekly nationalism, it was uttered through thousands of voices
magazine named ‘Sanjivani’ in 1883 and worked as its on the fateful day August 7, 1905 in connection with the
editor. He opposed the partition of Bengal and historic Town Hall meeting that promulgated the
influenced by colleagues like Ananda Mohan Bose and resolution of Boycott and the vow of swadeshi. During
Kalishankar Shukla, he joined the anti-partition Swadeshi Movement 'Vande Mataram' became the
Swadeshi movement. He used his journal Sanjivani to theme song of Indian National Movement.
rouse public opinion against the partition and on July 32. During which of the following movement ‘Vande
13, 1905 he openly called for the boycott of foreign Mataram’ became the theme song of Indian
National Movement?
goods through the journal.
(a) Swadeshi Movement
29. Which of the following Movement is not related (b) Champaran Satyagraha
with Gandhiji? (c) Rowlatt Act Movement
(a) Swadeshi Movement (b) Khilafat Movement (d) Non-Cooperation Movement
(c) Individual Satyagraha (d) Quit India Movement UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2002
UP Lower (Pre) 1998 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2005
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2003 Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2006
Ans-(a) Swadeshi Movement was started to protest Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
against the partition of Bengal in 1905 and continued 33. With reference to the period of extremist
upto 1911. During this period Mahatma Gandhi was nationalist movement in India with its spirit of
residing in South Africa hence Gandhiji was not related Swadeshi, which one of the following statement is
to this movement. not correct?
History of Modern India 130 YCT
 (a) Liaqat Hussain led the Muslim peasants of 36. Who among the following led the Swadeshi
Barisal in their agitations Movement in Delhi?
(b) In 1889, the scheme of national education was (a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (b) Ajit Singh
formulated by Satish Chandra Mukherjee (c) Lajpat Rai
(c) The Bengal National College was founded in (d) Sir Syed Haider Raza
1906 with Aurobindo as the Principal UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2011
(d) Tagore preached the cult of Atmasakti, the main Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
plank of which was social and economic 37. Who led Swadeshi Movement in Madras?
regeneration of the villages (a) Srinivas Shastri (b) Rajagopalachari
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2002 (c) Chidambaram Pillai (d) Chintamani
Ans-(a) Liaqat Hussain did not lead the Muslim UP Lower (Pre) 2008
peasants of Barisal in their agitations. Barisal Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Conference was held on 14-15 April 1906 under the 38. Which among the following is not true about the
chairmanship of M. Abdul Rasool. Swadeshi movement?
Thus, statement (a) is incorrect. (a) It had a wider popular appeal than any other
34. Who among the following leaders was a political agitation that preceded it
supporter of Swadeshi? (b) It enlisted the support of the Muslim masses
(a) Aurobindo Ghosh (b) Firozshah Mehta (c) It had an economic character
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji (d) Subhas Chandra Bose (d) The Swadeshi movement was supported by a
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2009 section of the radical press in England
Ans-(a) In 1905 AD, the main supporters of the UPSC CAPF Ist Paper 2009
'Swadeshi', were Aurobindo Ghosh, Bal Gangadhar Ans-(b) Regarding 'Swadeshi 'Movement' statement (b)
Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai, V.O. is not true because, as a result of Partition of Bengal, on
Chidambaram Pillai and Babu Genu. August 7, 1905 one of the first mass protests known as
35. Which of the statement is not correct about Swadeshi Movement was announced in Calcutta’s
‘Swadeshi Movement’? Town Hall and ‘Boycott Proposal’ was passed. The
(a) Some specific Muslims were joined in it. national policy to boycott British goods was adopted in
(b) Women’s actively participated in this this meeting. It had a wider popular appeal than any
movement. other political agitation that preceded it. It was for the
(c) Neither this movement affected Bengal farmers first time when such a mass of people actively
and nor they were joined. participated in any movement. But it did not enlist the
(d) It was limited to Bengal. support of the Muslim masses. The movement was
UP Lower (Pre) 2002 supported by a section of the radical press in England.
Ans-(d) Regarding ‘Swadeshi Movement’ statement (d) 39. Bengal was partitioned in 1905 but due to
is incorrect because some specific Muslims were joined opposition it was again divided in-
in the Swadeshi Movement whereas women’s actively (a) 1906 (b) 1916
participated in this movement. It was for the first time (c) 1911 (d) 1909
women took part in any movement. They came outside BPSC (Pre) 2003-04
from their houses, sat to protest and demonstrated in the Ans-(c) A ceremonial welcome of King George V and
rallies. This movement affected only high and middle Queen Marry was organized at Delhi Durbar in 1911.
class people but did not influence the farmers of Bengal. On December 12, 1911 King abolished the partition of
Barisal was an exception of it. The movement was not Bengal and reorganized Bengal into new province.
spread only in the region of Bengal. Sir Syed Haider Orissa and Bihar were separated from Bengal and
Raza popularised the Swadeshi Movement in Delhi. Assam became a new constituent state of India. The
Chidambaram Pillai spread the movement to Madras district of Sylhet of Assam was also combined with it.
and organized the strike of the Tuticorin Coral Mill. He also transferred the capital of India from Calcutta to
Bipin Chandra Pal played a major role in popularizing Delhi.
the movement; especially in the urban areas. Liaqat 40. Which of the following classes was mainly
Hussain took the movement to Patna and organized the unaffected of Swadeshi Movement of 1905?
East Indian Railway strike in 1906. He also wrote fiery (1) Women (2) Farmers
articles in Urdu to rouse nationalist sentiments in (3) Muslim (4) Intellectuals
Muslims. He was supported by other Muslim Swadeshi Choose the correct answer from the code given
agitators like Ghaznavi, Rasul, Din Mohammed, Dedar below-
Bux, Monir-uz-Zaman, Ismail Hussain, Siraji, Abdul (a) 1 and 2 (b) 1,2 and 3
Hussain and Abdul Gaffar. Lala Lajpat Rai took the (c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 2
movement to Punjab and of northern India. BPSC (Pre) 1995
History of Modern India 131 YCT
 Ans-(c) Swadeshi Movement of 1905 was the first 44. Who out of the following had told “destruction is
movement in which intellectuals and women both actively the best method of dealing with the foreign
participated in any agitation but Muslims and farmers did clothes”?
not participate in this movement. They separated (a) Ravindranath Tagore
themselves from this movement. (b) Mahatma Gandhi
41. With reference to Swadeshi Movement, consider (c) Chittranjan Das
the following statements: (d) Subhas Chandra Bose
(a) It contributed to the revival of the indigenous UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2010
artisan crafts and industries Ans-(b) Mahatma Gandhi had told “destruction is the
(b) The National Council of Education was best method of dealing with the foreign clothes.” At the
established as a part of Swadeshi Movement height of his campaign, Gandhi called for the actual
Which of the statements given above is/are destruction of foreign clothes as a mark of self-respect.
correct? The foreign clothes, Gandhi averred, were contaminated
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only with gory blood of Indians of yore. Subhas Chandra
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Bose and Chittaranjan Das too agreed with the decision
IAS (Pre) 2019 of Mahatma Gandhi to destroy foreign clothes.
Ans-(c) The Swadeshi Movement was fostered by the 45. Who among the following were the critics of
Bang-Bhang movement occurred between 1905-1911. ‘Swadeshi’ movement and pleaded for a better
As a part of this movement there was not only the understanding between the East and the West?
boycott of foreign clothes but also of all foreign goods. (a) W.C. Banerjee
The main achievements of this movement were self (b) S.N. Bannerjee
reliance and self power. This movement played a (c) R.N. Tagore
crucial role in order to revive the skill of indigenous (d) B.G. Tilak
craftsmen and industries. National Education Council UP Lower (Pre) 2009
was established as a part of Swadeshi Movement on Ans-(c) R.N.Tagore was a critic of Swadeshi
August 15, 1906. Movement and pleaded for better understanding
42. The following programmes were launched by the between East and West.
nationalist against the partition of Bengal: 46. The song ‘Amar Sonar Bangla’ written during
1. Boycott the Swadeshi Movement of India inspired the
2. Swadeshi liberation struggle of Bangladesh. Who wrote this
3. Non Co-operation song?
4. National education (a) Rajni Kanta Sen
Select the correct answer: (b) Dwijendralal Ray
(a) 1,2 and 3 (b) 2,3 and 4 (c) Mukunda Das
(c) 1,3 and 4 (d) 1,2 and 4 (d) Rabindranath Tagore
(e) None of these IAS (Pre) G.S. 2007
Chhattisgarh PCS (Pre) G.S. Ist 2014 Ans-(d) ‘Amar Sonar Bangla’ which was adopted as
Ans-(d) With an aim to weaken the growth of national song of Bangladesh was written by Rabindra
nationalism in Bengal, Lord Curzon partitoned Bengal Nath Tagore during Swadeshi Movement. He also wrote
by issuing an order on July 19, 1905. In protest against the national anthem of India ‘Jana Gana Mana’. He was
partition, the nationalists started programs related to the awarded Noble prize for ‘Geetanjali’ in 1913.
boycott of foreign textiles, encouragement of indigenous 47. The British journalist H.W. Nevinson was
products (Swadeshi) and national education programs. associated with-
The partition of Bengal, 1905 resulted into Swadeshi and (a) Non-Cooperation Movement
Boycott Movements. The movements helped in the (b) Civil Disobedience Movement
foundation of Swadeshi industries such as textile mills, (c) Swadeshi Movement
banks, chemical works and insurance companies. (d) Quit India Movement
43. Partition of Bengal was done mainly - UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014
(a) to divide Hindus and Muslims Ans-(c) Henry Wood Nevinson was a British journalist
(b) for administrative convenience who was associated with Swadeshi Movement. He
(c) to weaken the growth of nationalism in Bengal travelled across India for four months and his reports were
(d) for the development of Bengal carried by Manchester Guardian, Glasgow Herald and
UP Lower (Pre) 1998 Daily Chronicle. He re-edited these reports into a book
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. ‘The New Spirit in India’ which was published in 1908.
History of Modern India 132 YCT

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17.
Surat Split of Congress
Revolutionary/ Extremist
Movements
1. Consider the following Revolutionaries: 3. Who founded Abhinav Bharat Society in 1906
I. Bhagat Singh in London?
II. Sachindra Nath Sanyal (a) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
III. Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee (b) Shyamiji Kriashna Varma
IV. Ram Prasad Bismil (c) Sohan Singh
(d) P.N.Bapat
V Chandra Shekhar Azad
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Who among the above founded 'Hindustan 66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre)
Republican Association' in 1924?
Ans. (a) : Abhinav Bharat Society was founded by
(a) I, II and III
Savarkar brothers i.e. Vinayak Damodar Savarkar and
(b) II, III and IV Ganesh Damodar Savarkar in 1904 in Nasik (initially).
(c) II, III, IV and V However in 1906 when Savarkar went to London to
(d) I, II, III and IV study Law, he established a branch of Abhinav Bharat
APPSC (Pre) 2023 Society there.
Ans. (c) : The Hinustan Rebulican Association (HRA) 4. Who was the founder of ‘Hindustan Socialist
was a revolutionary organisation formed in 1924. It was Democratic Union?’
founded by prominent freedom fighters Chandra (a) Vyomesh Chandra, Gopen Chakravartee,
Shekhar Azad, Ramprasad Bismil, Jogesh Chandra Sacheendra Sanyal
Chatterjee and Sanchindra Nath Sanyal. (b) Gopen Chakravartee, Faneendra Banerjee,
2. Which of the following statement is true about Dharnee Goswami
the Active revolutionary movement in India (c) Vyomesh Chandra Banerjee, Ajay Ghosh,
during the years of World War? Sacheendra Sanyal
(a) Chandrashekhar Azad founded the Anushilan (d) Yateendranath, Ajay Ghosh, Phanindranath
Samiti Ghosh
(b) Bhagat Singh was the founder of Naujawan UPPCS Pre 2022
Bharat Sabha.
Ans. (d) : The founder of ‘Hindustan Socialist
(c) Prafulla Chaki established the Hindustan
Democratic Union were Yateendranath, Ajay Ghosh
Republican Association.
and Phanindranath Ghosh.
(d) Surya Sen organized the Hindustan Socialist
Republican Association. 5. In which state is 'Chauri Chaura', where in
(e) Sachindranath Sanyal was the founder of February 1922 AD a police station was set on
Yugantar. fire?
(a) Madhya Pradesh (b) Bihar
Chhattisgarh PCS (Pre) G.S. 2016
(c) Uttar Pradesh (d) Rajasthan
Ans-(b) Naujawan Bharat Sabha was formulated on the
socialist principles and was founded by Bhagat Singh in (e) None of the above/More than one of the
March 1926 with the support of his comrades Sukhdev, above
Bhagwati Charan Vohra, Yashpal and others in Lahore. 67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021
Ram Krishna and Bhagat Singh were its first president Ans. (c) : The Chauri Chaura incident occurred at
and secretary respectively while Bhagwati Charan Chauri Chaura in the Gorakhpur district of United
Vohra was its propaganda secretary. Its membership Province, (modern Uttar Pradesh) in British India on 4th
included Dhanvantri, Saiffudin Kitchlew, Dr. Satyapal, February 1922. When a group of protesters,
Lal Chand Falak, Sodhi Pindi Das, Ahsan Ilahi, Munshi participating Non-cooperation movement, clashed with
Ahmed Din and Kedar Nath Sehgal. The Sabha had police, who opened fire. In retaliation the demonstrators
acted as a legal and open mass organization of the secret attached and set fire to a police station, killing all of its
revolutionary group Hindustan Socialist Republican occupants. The incident led to the death of three
Association (HSRA) which was formulated in the later Civilians and 23 policemen. In result on 12 February
years. 1922, Mahatma Gandhi withdrew the Satyagraha.
History of Modern India 133 YCT
6. In which place Khudiram Bose tried to kill Ans-(b) Surat Split refers to the splitting of the Indian
Kingsford? National Congress into ‘moderates’ and ‘extremists’
(a) Darbhanga (b) Muzaffarpur after a violent clash at the Surat session of INC held in
(c) Gaya (d) Patna 1907. Ras Bihari Bose was the President of Surat
(e) None of the above/More than one of the Session (1907) of INC. The extremists were led by Bal
above Gangadhar Tilak, Lala Lajpat Rai, Bipin Chandra Pal
and Aurobindo Ghosh and the moderates were led by
67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021
Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Feroz Shah Mehta and
Ans. (b) : Khudiram Bose had a fearless spirit and is Surendra Nath Banerjee. Moderates believed in the
known for the attempt to assassinate the district policy of settlement of minor issues with the
magistrate of Muzaffarpur, Douglas Kingsford. At the government by deliberations. But the extremists
age of 18, Bose, and his friend Prafulla Chaki devised a believed in agitation, strikes and boycotts to force their
plan to assassinate the judge. They threw a bomb at a demands. Some nationalists led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak
carriage which they suspected was carrying him, agitated against the moderate behaviour of congress
however, they erroneously killed two women instead. against British rule. The Moderates did not realise that
The magistrate escape. the council reforms were meant by the government
7. On which date, Sukhdev, Bhagat Singh and more to isolate the Extremists than to reward the
Rajguru were hanged? Moderates. The Extremists did not realize that the
(a) 23rd March, 1931 Moderates could act as their outer line of defense in
face of state repression. Both sides did not realise that in
(b) 7th September, 1931
a vast country like India ruled by a powerful imperialist
(c) 4th March, 1931
country, only a broad-based nationalist movement could
(d) 12th November, 1930 succeed. As a result, breakup took place. The divided
(e) None of the above/More than one of the Congress re-united in the crucial Lucknow session of
above Indian National Congress in 1916.
67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021 10. Who among the following was not associated with
Ans. (a) Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were the moderates in Indian National Congress?
hanged in Lahore Central Jail. Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev (a) Feroz Shah Mehta (b) Dadabhai Naoroji
and Rajguru were sentenced to death in Lahore (c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale (d) Lala Lajpat Rai
conspiracy case and ordered to be hanged on 24 March UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011
1931. The schedule was moved forward by 11 hours Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
and the three were hanged on 23 march 1931 at 7:30 pm 11. Which one of the following movements has
in the Lahore Jail. contributed to a split in the Indian National
8. In which of its Sessions Indian National Congress resulting in emergence of ‘moderates’
Congress was split into two groups- the and ‘extremists’?
extremists and the moderates? (a) Swadeshi Movement
(a) Calcutta Session, 1906 (b) Quit India Movement
(b) Surat Session, 1907 (c) Non-Cooperation Movement
(c) Lucknow Session, 1916 (d) Civil Disobedient Movement
(d) Lahore Session, 1929 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2015
Manipur PSC-2013 Ans-(a) Surat Split was due to disagreements between
moderates and extremists regarding the methods for
Ans. (b): The Surat Split was the splitting of the Indian
protest against the partition of Bengal (in the Swadeshi
National Congress (INC) into two groups-the Moderates
Movement).
and the Extremists at the Surat Session in 1907.
Answer cannot be B, C or D, because moderates and
9. What was the main reason for the split in the extremists re-united in the Lucknow session, 1916
Indian National Congress at Surat in 1907? which was before Non-cooperation/Quit India/Civil
(a) Introduction of communalism into Indian Disobedience Movements.
politics by Lord Minto 12. Where did the Indian Congress got divided into
(b) Extremists lack of faith in the capacity of the two wings- moderates and extremists?
moderates to negotiate with the British (a) Surat Session 1907
Government (b) Lahore Session 1909
(c) Foundation of Muslim League (c) Calcutta Session 1911
(d) Aurobindo Ghosh’s inability to be elected as the (d) Karachi Session 1913
President of the Indian National Congress UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2016 Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 134 YCT
13. The President of annual session of Surat of Ans. (b) The Swadeshi Movement, organized by the
Indian National Congress in 1907 was- Congress against the partition of Bengal in 1905 was
(a) Dadabhai Naoroji (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak the first comprehensive movement against the British
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale(d) R. B. Ghose rule. The Congress split into two parts (extremists and
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007 moderates) in the Surat Session held under the
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2010 chairmanship of Ras Bihari Bose in 1907, due to the
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. emergence of intense differences between the ideology
14. The first partition of Indian National Congress in of extreme and moderate leaders to lead the anti-
1907 occurred in- partition movement. The moderate leaders like
(a) Bombay Session (b) Calcutta Session Firozshah Mehta, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Surendra
(c) Lahore Session (d) Surat Session Nath Banerjee, Dadabhai Naoroji were the supporters of
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991 demanding reforms from the government by peaceful,
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2002-03 constitutional and peaceful means where as the leaders
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. of extremists ideology like Bal Gangadhar Tilak,
Aurobindo Ghosh, Lala Lajpat Rai and Bipin Chandra
15. Surat split was led by-
Pal were supporters of achieving Swaraj (Self
(a) Harum (b) Dufferin
Government) through aggressive means in place of
(c) Tilak (d) Gandhiji
petitions and constitutional ways.
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2002-03
19. Indian National Movement came to be dominated
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
by the extremists after-
16. The ‘Surat Split’ in Indian National Congress
(a) 1906 (b) 1909
took place in-
(a) 1905 (b) 1906 (c) 1914 (d) 1919
(c) 1907 (d) 1908 BPSC (Pre) 1999
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2003 Ans-(a) The Indian National Movement came to be
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. dominated by the extremists after 1906. The split of
Congress at Surat session in December, 1907 led
17. The process of split in the Congress in the early
years of the twentieth century began over- extremists gaining momentum. The prominent leaders
(a) Strategies of the Congress Movement of extremist wing of Indian National Congress were-
Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra
(b) Objectives of the Congress Movement
Pal and Aurobindo Ghosh.
(c) Participation of the people in the Congress
Movement 20. Consider the following events and arrange them
(d) All of the above in chronological order.
BPSC (Pre) 2015 I. The foundation of Gadar Party
Ans-(d) Surat Split is mainly known for separation of II. Chittagaon Armoury Raid
Congress partymen into moderates and extremists at the III. Set up of the ‘Indian Independence
Surat Session of Indian National Congress on December Committee’ at Berlin
26, 1907. The process of split in the Congress in the IV. Central Assembly Bomb Case
early years of 20th century began over strategies and Select the correct answer from the code given
objectives of the Congress Movement and participation below:
of the people in the Congress Movement. The divided Code:
Congress re-united in the Lucknow Session of Indian (a) III, I, IV and II (b) I, III, IV and II
National Congress in 1916, with Bal Gangadhar Tilak (c) I, III, II and IV (d) III, I, II and IV
and Gopal Krishna Gokhale adorning the stage together UPPSC (Pre) 2022
once again. Ans. (b): The Ghadar Party, initially named the Pacific
18. Which one of the following defines extremist Coast Hindustan Association was formed on 15 July
ideology during the early phase of Indian 1913 in the United States under the leadership of Lala
freedom movement? Har Dayal, Sant Baba Wasakha Singh Dadehar, Baba
(a) Stimulating the production of indigenous Jawala Singh, Santosh Singh and Sohan Singh Bhakna
articles by giving them preference over as its president.
imported commodities Indian Independence Committee was an organisation
(b) Obtaining self-government by aggressive means formed in Germany in 1914 during World War I by
in place of petitions and constitutional ways Indian students and political activists residing in the
(c) Providing national education according to the country. Virendranath Chattopadhyaya, Chempakar-
requirements of the country aman Pillai, Dr Jnanendra Das Gupta, and Abinash
(d) Organizing coups against the British empire Bhattacharya were members of the committee. Bhagat
through military revolt Singh and B.K. Dutt threw a bomb in the Central
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998 Legislative Assembly on 8 April 1929. The objective

History of Modern India 135 YCT

 was to get arrested and to use the trial court as a forum 24. The revolutionary organization 'Abhinav
for propaganda so that people would become familiar Bharat Society' was founded in 1904 by-
with their movement and ideology. Bhagat Singh and (a) Bhaghat Singh
B.K. Dutt were tried in the Assembly Bomb Case on (b) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
May 7, 1929, in Delhi. (c) Barindra Kumar Ghosh
Chittagong armoury raid was attempted on 18 April 1930. (d) Pulin Behari Das
It was an attempt to loot the armoury of police and
auxiliary forces of the Chittagong armoury in the Bengal
Mizoram PSC-2021
Presidency of British India by armed Indian independence Ans. (b): Vinayak Damodar Savarkar was an Indian
fighters led by Surya Sen. independence activist, politician, lawyer and writer. He
21. After the Partition of Bengal the is also known as Swatantryaveer Savarkar. He joinded a
revolutionaries organized themselves into a secret society called Abhinav Bharat Society.
group called 'Jugantar'. Who among the 25. In the Kakori Conspiracy Case, the main accused
following was not a part of this group? Pt. Ram Prasad Bismil was hanged in which city
(a) Amrendranath Chatterjee of Uttar Pradesh:
(b) Jatindranath Mukherjee (a) Varanasi (b) Gorakhpur
(c) Bipin Chandra Pal (c) Kanpur (d) Lucknow
(d) Aurobindo Ghose UPPSC RO /ARO( PRE) 2021
Manipur PSC-2013 Ans. (b) : On 19 December, 1927, Ram Prasad Bismil
Ans. (c): Bipin Chandra Pal was not a part of 'Jugantar' was hanged in the Gorakhpur Jail in relation to Kakori
group. The Jugantar Party was established in April 1906 Conspiracy Case. He was cremated on the banks of
by leaders such as Aurobindo Ghosh, his brother Rapti River, later. This site later came to be known as
Barindra Ghosh, Bhupendranath Data, Raja Subodh Raj Ghat. Recently government changed the phrase
Mallik. Barin Ghosh and Bagha Jatin were the main
‘Kakori Conspiracy ’to‘ Kakori train action.
primary leaders. Along with 21 revolutionaries, they
started to collect arms, explosives and manufactured 26. Who among the following was NOT associated
Bomb. with the Kanpur Conspiracy Case of 1924?
22. Who among the following leaders founded the (a) Muzaffar Ahmed (b) Nalini Gupta
revolutionary organization 'Abhinav Bharat (c) Shukat Usamni (d) M.A. Ansari
Society'? UPPCS (Pre.) 2021
(a) Bhagat Singh Ans. (d): There were 13 people originally accused in
(b) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar the Kanpur conspiracy case namely:
(c) Barindra Kumar Ghosh (1) M N Roy, (2) Muzaffar Ahmad, (3) Shaukat
(d) Pulin Bihari Usmani, (4) Ghulam Hussain, (5) S A Dange, (6)
UPPSC (Pre) 2018 Singaravelu, (7) R L Sharma, (8) Nalini Gupta, (9)
Ans-(b) An organization named, 'Mitra Mela' was Shamsuddin Hassan, (10) MRS Velayandhun, (11) Dr.
established by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in1899. Manilal, (12) Sampurnananda, (13) Satyabhakta.
Later this organisation was merged with 'Abhinav 27. Who among the following was NOT an early
Bharat in 1904. The branches of Abhinav Bharat was member of the 'Naujawan-Sabha' formed in
active in Maharashtra and Central region. The main 1926 A.D.?
leader of this organisation was Anant Lakshman (a) Bhagat Singh (b) Yaspal
Kanhare who murdered Jackson, the District Magistrate (c) Chhabil Das (d) Ambika Chakravarti
of Nasik. It is noticeable that Barinder Kumar Ghosh
UPPCS (Pre.) 2021
propounded the organisation named 'Yugantar' in
Calcutta, in 1906 and in 1926 'Bharat Naujawan Sabha' Ans. (d): Ambika Chakravarti was not an early member
was started by Bhagat Singh in Punjab. of this organisation. Naujawan Bharat Sabha was
23. Who was given life punishment for the murder of founded by Bhagat Singh with the co-operation of
Colonel Wyllie? Yaspal and Chhabil Das in 1926. People from the
(a) Madan Lal Dhingra (b) Udham Singh Hindu, Muslim and Sikh communities joined the
(c) Bhagat Singh (d) Manmathanath organisation. After the killing of J.P. Saunders in 1928,
(e) None of the above the association was banned in 1929.
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2018 28. Match list-I with list-II and choose the correct
Ans-(a) Madan Lal Dhingra was an Indian answer from the code given below-
revolutionary and independence activist. While studying List-I
in England, he assassinated Sir William Hutt Curzon (A) Howrah Conspiracy Case
Wyllie a British Colonel on July 1, 1909 cited as one of (B) Lahore Conspiracy Case
the first acts of revolution in the Indian independence (C) Delhi Conspiracy Case
movement in the 20th century. (D) Alipore Conspiracy Case
History of Modern India 136 YCT
 List-II 32. ‘Indian Home Rule Society’ was founded in-
(i) Master Ami Chand (Amir Chand) (a) 1900 (b) 1901
(ii) Aurobindo Ghosh (c) 1902 (d) 1905
(iii) Jatindranath Mukherjee UP RO/ARO (M) 2014
(iv) Rajguru Ans-(d) Indian Home Rule Society was founded by
Code: Shyamji Krishna Verma in February, 1905 at London to
(a) A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(i) raise his voice against British domination in India. He
(b) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv) established ‘India House’ in London to help Indians
(c) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii) visiting England. Freedom fighters like Vinayak
(d) A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(i) Damodar Savarkar and his brother Ganesh Savarkar,
RAS/RTS (Pre.) 2021 Lala Hardayal, Biren Chattopadhyay and V. V. S. Iyer
Ans. (c): The correct match is as follows- were some of the direct beneficiaries who lived in
‘India House’ at that time. Shyamji Krishna Varma
List-I List-II
raised strong protests against the British rule in India by
Howrah Conspiracy Case - Jatindranath Mukherjee publishing pamphlets, writing books and delivering
Lahore Conspiracy Case - Rajguru speeches. The society which was instrumental in
Delhi Conspiracy Case - Master Ami Chand establishment (foundation) of the India House , along
Alipore Conspiracy Case - Aurobindo Ghosh with Krishna Varma's journal ‘The Indian Sociologist’,
29. The Philosophy of the 'Bomb' was written by was the foundation of the militant Indian nationalist
(a) Bhagat Singh movement in Britain.
(b) B.K. Dutt 33. Which one of the following is NOT correctly
(c) Bhagwati Charan Vohra matched?
(d) Ram Prasad Bismil Acts Year
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I (a) Prevention of seditious – 1908
Ans. (c) : In December 1929 revolutionaries attacked Meeting Acts
British Viceroy with a bomb. Gandhiji criticized this (b) Explosive Substances Act – 1908
incident and wrote an essay, named ‘Worship of Bomb’. (c) Indian Criminal Law – 1908
As a reaction to that Mr. Bhagwati Charan Bohra wrote Amendment Act
an essay-named-Philosophy of Bomb. (d) Newspaper (Incitement to – 1908
Offence) Act
30. Which one of the following statements is NOT
UPPSC RO/ARO (Re-exam) 2016
correct about V.D. Savarkar?
(a) He was born in 1883 A.D. Ans. (a) : Prevention of Seditious Meeting Acts was
(b) His father's name was Damodar Pant passed in 1907. Rest is correctly matched.
Savarkar 34. Who among the following founded the "Lathi
(c) His mother died in 1901 A.D. Club"?
(d) The author of his biography was Dhananjai (a) Bhagat Singh (b) Lala Lajpat Rai
Keer (c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (d) Bipin Chandra Pal
UPPSC RO/ARO (Re-exam) 2016
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I
Ans. (c) : “Lathi Club” was founded by Bal Gangadhar
Ans. (c) : The full name of V.D. Savarkar was Vinayak
Tilak to make the youth brave to enable them to fight
Damodar Savarkar. He was a nationalist leader. He was
for the freedom of their country.
born on 25th May 1883 A.D. and died on 26th May 1966
A.D. His mother’s name was Radhabai and father’s 35. Which revolutionary made this statement:
"Avenge the blood of Indian Martyrs. Use your
name was Damodar Pant Savarkar.
sword to liberate your motherland. Stand up
Dhananjay Keer was an Indian author. He wrote
against the entire Anglo-American enemy."
biographies of some high-profile leaders and social
(a) Ras Behari Bose
activists like Bal Gangadhar Tilak, V.D. Savarkar, B.R.
(b) Subhas Chandra Bose
Ambedkar etc. (c) Captain Mohan Singh
31. Damodar Hari Chapekar was hanged on which (d) Kuudiram Bose
date? CGPSC (Pre) 2019
(a) 18 March, 1898 (b) 18 April, 1898 Ans. (a) : Above statement is given by Ras Behari
(c) 18 June, 1898 (d) 18 July, 1898 Bose. In 1942, Ras Behari Bose established the ‘Indian
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I Independence League’, an army that would fight for
Ans. (b) : Damodar Hari Chapekar and his two brothers India’s freedom from British rule. He subsequently
namely Bal Krishna and Vasudev Hari Chapekar were handed over the reins to Subhas Chandra Bose, who
known as ‘Chapekar brothers. Damodar Hari Chapekar developed it as the Indian National Army or the Azad
was hanged on 18th April 1898. Hind Fauj.

History of Modern India 137 YCT

36. The revolutionary, who was convicted in the 40. Which of the following, was not the Moderate
mahant Pyarelal Murder case? leader of Indian National Congress?
(a) Zorawar Singh (a) Gopal Krishna Gokhale (b) M.G. Ranade
(b) Shyamji Krishna Varma (c) Aurobindo Ghosh (d) Surendra Nath Banerji
(c) Kesari Singh Barhat (Himachal PSC (Pre) 2016)
(d) Vijay Singh Pathik Ans-(c) Aurobindo Ghosh was associated with 'Garam
RAS/RTS (Pre)-2018 Dal' or Extremists. The Indian National Congress was
Ans-(c) Revolutionary, Kesari Singh Barhat was divided in two parts - Naram Dal & Garam Dal or
convicted in the Mahant Pyarelal Murder case. Kesari Moderates & Extremists. The main moderate leaders
Singh was a poet and freedom fighter. He was arrested were, Dadabhai Naoroji, Mahadev Govind Ranade,
in March, 1914. A weekly news magazine named, Feroz Shah Mehta, Surendra Nath Banerjee, G.K.
Gokhale etc. The main extremists were Bal Gangadhar
'Rajasthan Kesari' was published at Wardha in
Tilak, Lala Lajpat Rai, Vipin Chandra Pal, Aurobindo
Maharashtra and its editor was 'Vijay Singh Pathik'.
Ghosh etc.
37. The revolutionary, who was not involved in
41. Match the following on the basis of the end of
Hardinge Bomb incident?
lives of the following revolutionaries-
(a) Master Amir Chand A. Jatin Das 1. During life
(b) Bhagwati Charan Vohra imprisonment
(c) Bhai Balmukund B. Chandrashekhar Azad 2. Hunger strike
(d) Avadh Bihari C. Bhagat Singh 3. During Encounter
RAS/RTS (Pre)-2018 D. Kalpana Datta 4. Hanged
Ans-(b) 'Hardinge Bomb incident' is also known as A B C D
'Delhi Bomb Incident'. This incident happened on Dec. (a) 3 2 4 1
23, 1912. The Kingpin of the planning to assasinate (b) 2 3 4 1
Lord Hardinge was Ras Bihari Bose. The other (c) 2 3 1 4
accomplices were Master Ameerchand, Master Awadh (d) 3 4 1 2
Bihari, Bhai Bal Mukund Vishwas. Bhagwati Charan (e) 1 2 4 3
Vohra was not involved in this incident. He wrote an Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) Ist G.S. 2013
article named, 'Bomb Ka Darshan' (The Philosophy of Ans-(b) Jatindra Nath Das was an Indian independence
Bomb) which became very famous among activist and revolutionary. He died in Lahore jail in
revolutionaries. He died during testing of a bomb. September 13, 1929 after a 64-day hunger strike. On
38. Who amongst the following was involved in the February 27, 1931 Azad went to meet one of his
Alipore Bomb case? associates in Allahabad’s Alfred Park but soon was
(a) S.N. Banerjee (b) Bipin Chandra Pal surrounded by the police. A gunfight followed but there
(c) Jatin Das (d) Aurobindo Ghosh was no way Azad could have come out of it.
Determined not to get arrested, he killed himself with
Haryana PSC Pre 2014
the last bullet of his gun before the British could even
Ans-(d) An unsuccessfull attempt was committed by
touch him. The sprawling Alfred Park in Allahabad has
Prafulla Chaki and Khudi Ram Bose to murder the
been renamed Chandra Shekhar Azad Park. Bhagat
magistrate Kingsford of Bengal presidency on April 30,
Singh along with Sukhdev and Rajguru was hanged on
1908. Prafulla Chaki shot himself dead and Khudi Ram March 23, 1931. Kalpana Dutta later known as Kalpana
Bose was hanged on Aug 11, 1908 and he became the Joshi was one of the foremost female Indian
youngest revolutionary to be hanged. The police revolutionaries and Indian freedom fighter who joined
arrested almost 34 suspects in this case, among them Indian Republican Army founded by Surya Sen in
one was Aurobindo Ghosh and Barinder Ghosh, Bengal. In the case of the Chittagong armoury raid of
Barinder Ghosh was sentenced to life imprisonment 1930, she was sentenced for lifelong imprisonment.
while Aurbindo was released on lack of enough 42. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
evidence. answer from the code given below-
39. Of the following, who shot dead Curzon Wyllie in List-I (Organization) List-II (Founder)
London? A. Revolt Group 1. Ram Prasad Bismil
(a) Madan Lal Dhingra (b) Udham Singh B. Hindustan Republican 2. Chandra Shekhar
(c) Chapekar Brothers (d) None of the above Association Azad
(Himachal PSC (Pre) 2016) C. Hindustan Socialist 3. Lala Lajpat Rai
Ans-(a) Madan Lal Dhingra shot dead political advisor Republic Association 4. Bhagat Singh
of 'India Office' Curzon Wyllie on July 1, 1909 in D. Naujawan Bharat 5. Surya Sen
London. Dhingra was arrested and hanged. Sabha
History of Modern India 138 YCT
 A B C D Code:
(a) 1 2 3 5 A B C D
(b) 4 3 2 1 (a) 3 4 1 5
(c) 1 3 4 5 (b) 4 3 2 5
(d) 5 1 2 4 (c) 3 4 2 1
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2002 (d) 2 4 3 1
Ans-(d) Surya Sen led a group of revolutionaries on West Bengal PSC (Pre) 2022
April 18, 1930 to raid the armoury of police and IAS (Pre) G.S. 1997
auxiliary forces from the Chittagong armoury. Ans-(c) The correct matching is as follows-
Hindustan Republican Association was founded by Chittagaon Armoury Raid - Surya Sen (April 18, 1930)
Sachindra Nath Sanyal and Ramprasad Bismil in Kakori Conspiracy - Ram Prasad Bismil
October 1924. Later in 1928, Bhagat Singh, Chandra
(August 9, 1925)
Shekhar Azad, Sukhdev and others conducted a meeting
Lahore Conspiracy -Jatin Das (September, 1929)
for activities after Kakori Case at Feroz Shah Kotla
Ghadar Party - Lala Hardayal (1913)
Stadium (Now Arun Jaitley Stadium), Delhi. It was on
this day Bhagat Singh insisted adding the word 45. Given below is a list of organizations. Select those
‘Socialist’ in the name of the organizations (Chandra engaged in revolutionary activities, using the
Shekhar Azad added the name) and then it came to be codes given below the list-
known as Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. 1. Abhinav Bharat
Naujawan Bharat Sabha was a left-wing Indian association 2. Anushilan Samiti
that sought to foment revolution against the British Raj by 3. New Nationalist Party
gathering together worker and peasant youths. It was 4. Indian Patriot Association
founded by Bhagat Singh in March, 1926. Code:
43. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct (a) 1,2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2
answer using the code given below the list- (c) 2,3 and 4 (d) 1,2 and 4
List-I List-II UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2004
A. Chittagong Armoury 1. Kalpana Dutta Ans-(b) In 1904, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
Raid organized Abhinav Bharat as a secret society of
B. Abhinav Bharat 2. Guru Ram Singh revolutionaries. Anushilan Samiti was a revolutionary
C. Anushilan Samiti 3. Vinayak Damodar organization. Sardar Ajit Singh along with Syed Haidar
Savarkar Raza founded Indian Patriot Association to organize the
D. Kuka Movement 4. Aurobindo Ghosh peasants against the Chenab Canal Bill.
Code: 46. Lahore conspiracy case resulted in the hanging of-
A B C D 1. Ram Prasad Bismil
(a) 1 3 4 2
2. Roshan Singh
(b) 1 3 2 4
3. Sukhdev
(c) 3 1 2 4
4. Rajguru
(d) 3 1 4 2
Select the correct answer from the code given
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2000
below:
Ans-(a) The correct matching is as follows-
Chittagong Armoury Raid - Kalpana Dutta (1930) (a) 1,2 (b) 1,2,4 (c) 2,3,4 (d) 3,4
Abhinav Bharat - Vinayak Damodar UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2002
Savarkar (1904) Ans-(d) To avenge the killing of Lal Lajpat Rai Bhagat
Anushilan Samiti - Aurobindo Ghosh and his Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev conspired to kill the police
brother Barindra Ghosh chief, Scott. But on December 17, 1928 they
(1907) unfortunately shot on the D.S.P. J. P. Saunders and his
Kuka Movement - Guru Ram Singh (1871) reader Charan Singh, who were killed on the spot.
44. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct Bhagat Singh immediately fled from Lahore and to
answer: avoid recognition, he cut his beard and hair. Later they
List-I List-II were tried in Lahore Conspiracy Case.
A. Chittagaon Armoury Raid 1. Lala Hardayal 47. Assertion (A): Partition of Bengal in 1905
B. Kakori Conspiracy 2. Jatin Das brought to an end the Moderates role in the
C. Lahore Conspiracy 3. Surya Sen Indian freedom movement.
D. Ghadar Party 4. Ram Prasad Reason (R): The Surat session of Indian National
Bismil Congress separated the Extremists from the
5. Vasudeo Phadke Moderates.
History of Modern India 139 YCT
 (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Ans. (d) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar founded the
explanation of A ‘Abhinav Bharat Society’ in 1904 during his college
(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct education in Pune. He wrote the book ‘The Indian War
explanation of A of Independence’ in 1902. The book provides nationalist
(c) A is true but R is false view of the first freedom struggle of India (Revolt of
(d) A is false but R is true 1857). In order to inspire the Indian revolutionaries he
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998 wrote the biography of Mazzini. During his escape to
London, Savarkar was arrested and was being deported to
Ans-(d) Role of moderates continued even after
India via ship. He jumped into the sea from the sailing ship
partition of Bengal. Extremists and moderates got
in order to escape British captivity. Unfortunately he was
separated at Surat session in 1907 but reunited in 1916 re-arrested as the alarm was raised.
at Lucknow session held under the chairmanship of Ras 50. The revolutionary association ‘Abhinav Bharat’
Bihari Bose. Thus, Assertion is incorrect and Reason is was setup in 1904 in-
correct. (a) Odisha (b) Bengal
48. Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly (c) Uttar Pradesh (d) Maharashtra
matched? MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2012
(a) Delhi Conspiracy Case - Amirchandra UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2015
(b) Kakori Conspiracy Case - Ashfaqullah Ans-(d) ‘Mitra Mela’ was an association setup by
(c) Lahore Conspiracy Case - Jatin Das Vinayak Damodar Savarkar. Later in 1904 it was
(d) Nasik Conspiracy Case - Ras Bihari Bose merged into the secret society called ‘Abhinav Bharat’
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017 after Mazzini’s ‘Young Italy’ in Nasik, Maharashtra. He
Ans-(d) wrote ‘Indian War of Independence.’
Delhi Conspiracy Case– Master Amirchandra, Awadh 51. An anti-British organization called ‘Abhinav
Bharat’ was founded by-
Bihari and Bal Mukund were given death penalty.
(a) R.G. Bhandarkar (b) V.D. Savarkar
Kakori Conspiracy Case (1925)– After the (c) C. R. Das (d) Sardar Bhagat Singh
final verdict of Kakori trial, Ram Prasad Bismil, Thakur RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 1999
Roshan Singh, Rajendra Nath Lahiri and Ashfaqullah UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000
Khan were given death sentence and Sachindra Bakshi UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2002
and Sachindra Nath Sanyal were given Kala Pani (Port Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Blair Cellular Jail) while Azad escaped. 52. V.D. Savarkar founded secret organization
Lahore Conspiracy Case (1929-31)–Bhagat Singh, ‘Abhinav Bharat’ in-
Rajguru and Sukhdev were sentenced and executed by (a) 1892 (b) 1904
hanging on March 23, 1931 while Batukeshwar Dutt was (c) 1895 (d) 1900
sent to Cellular Jail (Andaman) for Kala Pani punishment. UPPCS (J) (Pre) G.S. 2016
Jatin Das was arrested on June 14, 1929 for revolutionary Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
activities and was imprisoned in Lahore jail to be tried 53. The revolutionary organization ‘Abhinav Bharat’
under the supplementary Lahore conspiracy case. was founded in-
Nasik Conspiracy Case– Vinayak Damodar Savarkar (a) Maharashtra (b) Punjab
was sentenced to transportation for life and 26 others (c) Uttar Pradesh (d) Bengal
UPPSC Food & Sanitary Inspector Exam 2013
were jailed.
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
49. Which amongst the following statements is/are
54. Who among the following started the ‘Mitra
true about V.D. Savarkar?
Mela’ union?
(i) He founded Abhinav Bharat – A
(a) Shyamji Krishna Verma
revolutionary organization.
(b) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
(ii) In order to inspire Indian nationalist he
(c) Lala Hardayal
wrote biography of Mazzini.
(d) Sohan Singh Bhakna
(iii) He also authored “The Indian War of UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2011
Independence -1857” which provides Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
nationalist view of the revolt of 1857. 55. The secret society founded by V.D. Savarkar was-
(iv) He jumped into the sea from the sailing ship (a) Yugantar Samiti
in order to escape British captivity. (b) Anushilan Samiti
Choose the correct answer: (c) Hindustan Republican Association
(a) Only (iii) and (iv) (b) Only (i), (iii) and (iv) (d) Abhinav Bharat
(c) Only (i) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Pre) 2010
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2015 Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 140 YCT
56. ‘Abhinav Bharat’ a secret society of 63. The activities of Barindra Kumar Ghosh had
revolutionaries was organized by- given birth to a secret revolutionary organization
(a) Khudiram Bose (b) V. D. Savarkar in Bengal-
(c) Prafulla Chaki (d) Bhagat Singh (a) Anushilan Samiti
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999 (b) Swadeshi Wadhav Samiti
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (c) Brati Samiti
57. Who amongst the following founded ‘Abhinav (d) Sadhana Samaj
Bharat’ a secret organization of revolutionaries? Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2003
(a) Aurobindo Ghosh (b) Sachindra Nath Sanyal Ans-(a) The younger brother of Aurobindo Ghosh,
(c) Surya Sen (d) V. D. Savarkar Barindra Kumar Ghosh was extremely influenced by his
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998 brother hence he joined the revolutionary movement. In
UP UDA/LDA Spl. (M) 2010 1905 he authored an article in the book ‘Bhawani Mandir’
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. about the detailed description for the formation of center
58. Who is related with ‘Abhinav Bharat’? for organizing revolutionary works and is credited for
(a) V. D. Savarkar (b) C. R. Das spreading revolutionary ideas in Bengal along with
(c) B. G. Tilak (d) S. C. Bose Bhupendra Nath Dutta. Their activities led to the formation
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2011 of Anushilan Samiti. The Anushilan Samiti in Calcutta was
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. established by Pramath Nath Mitra, a barrister from
59. Who among the following is associated with the Calcutta in 1902. The people associated with this Samiti
famous Chittagong Armoury Raid? were Sri Aurobindo, Deshabandhu Chittaranjan Das,
(a) Laxmi Sehgal (b) Surya Sen Surendranath Tagore, Jatindranath Banerjee, Bagha Jatin,
(c) Batukeshwar Dutt (d) J. M. Sengupta Bhupendra Nath Dutta, Barindra Ghosh etc. The
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2001 revolutionaries formed many secret organizations in which
Ans-(b) The Chittagong Armoury Raid was an attempt the most important and long-lasting organizations were
on April 18, 1930 to raid the armoury of police and Anushilan Samiti, Jugarat, Swadesh Bind Samiti and Vrati
auxiliary forces from the Chittagong armoury in Samiti. Their activities were mainly of two types- to kill
the Bengal Presidency of British India (now the tyrannical British officers, informers and anti-
in Bangladesh) by armed Indians including Kalpana nationalists and collect money to buy weapons by dacoity.
Dutta, Nalini Gupta, Anand Gupta, Naresh Roy, It was later known as Swadeshi dacoity. Dhaka Anushilan
Ambika Chakravarthy, Pritilata Vadekar, Muzaffar Samiti was a branch of Anushilan Samiti founded in 1902
Ahmad, Shripad Amrit Dange, Shaukat Usmani, in Dhaka by Barindra Kumar Ghosh, Satish Chandra Bose
Ganesh Ghosh, Tegrabal, Loknath led by Surya Sen and Pulin Bihari Das. Barrah dacoity of June, 1908 was the
(also known as Master Da). He founded Indian first major event of Anushilan Samiti. The plan of dacoity
Republican Army (IRA). On May 22, 1930 a struggle was made by Pulin Bihari Bose.
took place between IRA members and British forces in 64. Barindra Ghosh was associated to-
which 12 revolutionaries and 80 soldiers were killed. (a) Anushilan Samiti (b) Sadhana Samaj
Surya Sen was arrested on February 16, 1933 and after (c) Abhinav Bharat
legal proceedings he was hanged on January 12, 1934. (d) Swadesh Bandhava Samiti
60. The Chittagong Armoury Raid had been planned UP Lower (Pre) 2008
by- UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2016
(a) Surya Sen (b) Chandan Dutta Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) Vidhan Ghosh (d) Jatin Das 65. The Barrah dacoity was the first major venture
(e) None of the above/More than of the above of the revolutionary terrorists of the freedom
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017 movement in:
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (a) Bombay-Karnataka
61. Who of the following was associated with the (b) Punjab
Chittagong Armoury Raid? (c) East Bengal
(a) Surya Sen (b) Bhagat Singh (d) The Madras Presidency
(c) Ram Prasad Bismil (d) Ashfaqullah IAS (Pre) G.S. 1995
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist Paper 2016 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 66. The ‘Anushilan Samiti’ was-
62. Who was the most active leader of the Chittagong (a) dedicated to the upliftment of women
revolt? (b) promoting widow remarriage
(a) Rajguru (b) Surya Sen (c) interested in labour welfare
(c) Sachindra Chandra Sanyal (d) Shiv Verma (d) a revolutionary organization
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2010-11 BPSC (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2004-05
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 141 YCT
67. Who had founded the ‘Anushilan Samiti’? (a) Ras Bihari Bose
(a) P. Mitra (b) Barindra Ghosh (b) Batukeshwar Dutt
(c) V.D. Savarkar (d) Narendra Gosain (c) Sardar Bhagat Singh
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2008 (d) Chandra Shekhar Azad
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
68. Who established a branch of Anushilan Samiti in Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Patna in 1913? 74. One of the founder leaders of Hindustan Socialist
(a) Rewati Nag (b) Yadunath Sarkar Republican Army was-
(c) Sachindranath Sanyal (a) B.R. Ambedkar
(d) Mazharul Haque (b) Bhagat Singh
(c) Subhash Chandra Bose
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
(d) Jayaprakash Narayan
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
Ans-(c) Sachindra Nath Sanyal founded a branch of
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
‘Anushilan Samiti’ at Patna in 1913.
75. How revolutionary Chandra Shekhar Azad was
69. In the year 1928, where was Hindustan Socialist killed by the British?
Republic Association established? (a) By hanging
(a) In Kanpur (b) In Delhi (b) By stabbing
(c) In Allahabad (d) In Lahore (c) By bullets in the encounter
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2008 (d) By putting down Army Jeep
Ans-(b) Hindustan Republican Association was UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994
founded by Sachindra Nath Sanyal and Ram Prasad Ans-(c) On February 27, 1931, Azad went to meet one
Bismil in October 1924 to set up a republican of his associates in Allahabad’s Alfred Park but soon
government in Hindustan (India). Later on August 7-8, was surrounded by the police. Clearly, he had been
1928 in Firozshah Kotla, Delhi Bhagat Singh, Azad, betrayed by one of his own. A gunfight followed, but
Sukhdev and others conducted a meeting for activities there was no way Azad could have come out of it.
after Kakori Case. It was on this day Bhagat Singh Determined not to get arrested, he killed himself with
insisted adding the word ‘Socialist’ in the organizations the last bullet of his gun before the British could even
name and Chandrashekhar Azad changed its name and touch him. The sprawling Alfred Park in Allahabad has
then it came to be known as Hindustan Socialist been renamed Chandra Shekhar Azad Park.
Republican association. The meeting was headed by 76. Bhagat Singh threw bomb in Central Assembly
Chandra Shekhar Azad. along with-
70. The Hindustan Republican Association was (a) Chandra Shekhar Azad (b) Sukhdev
founded to: (c) Batukeshwar Dutt (d) Rajguru
(a) Set up a republican government in Hindustan UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2013
(b) Organize armed rebellion in India Ans-(c) Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw a
(c) Persuade the Indian people to participate in low intensity bomb inside the assembly hall on April 8,
elections 1929 and at the same time ensured that there were no
(d) Encourage the Indian youth on to the path of deaths. Bhagat Singh and his friend Batukeshwar Dutt
socialism surrendered and were taken for trial and charged with
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2009 attempt to murder. Later Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Sukhdev were sentenced to death in Lahore conspiracy
71. The Hindustan Socialist Republican Army was case and the execution date was fixed to March 24,
founded in- 1931 but due to a telegram sent by Home Department,
(a) 1919 (b) 1927 they were executed on March 23, 1931.
(c) 1916 (d) 1928 77. Bhagat Singh was executed along with two of his
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2016 comrades, on 23rd March of 1931. Who were
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. those two?
(a) Rajguru and Sukhdev
72. Hindustan Socialist Republic Association was
(b) Sukhdev and B. K. Dutt
founded by-
(c) Rajguru and B. K. Dutt
(a) Veer Savarkar (b) Udham Singh
(d) Chandra Shekhar Azad and Sukhdev
(c) Bhagat Singh (d) Chandra Shekhar Azad
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (M) 2007
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991, 1996
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
78. The ‘Independent League’ was founded by-
73. Who changed the name of ‘Hindustan Republic (a) Lala Lajpat Rai (b) Mahatma Gandhi
Association’ founded by Sachindra Sanyal to (c) Motilal Nehru (d) Ras Bihari Bose
‘Hindustan Socialist Republic Association’? UP UDA/LDA (M) 2010
History of Modern India 142 YCT
Ans. (d) Ras Bihari Bose founded the Indian 83. Under whose chairmanship a committee was
Independence League in 1942 during a conference in formed to defend the accused in Kakori Case?
Tokyo convened by him. He also wished to raise an (a) Acharya Narendra Dev
army for the cause of India’s freedom. This was the (b) Govind Ballabh Pant
(c) Chandrabhanu Gupta
genesis of the Indian National Army. At the League’s
(d) Motilal Nehru
second conference in Bangkok, a resolution was UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014
adopted to call upon Subhas Chandra Bose as the leader Ans-(b) Yogesh Chandra Chatterjee the founder
of the movement. The League exhorted the Indian member of Hindustan Republican Association writes in
prisoners of war taken by Japan during the Second his book ‘In Search of Freedom’, the Kakori Defence
World War to join the Indian National Army. Committee was formed by Motilal Nehru under the
79. Who was the founder of Independent League? leadership of Govind Ballabh. But according to an
(a) Motilal Nehru (b) Mahatma Gandhi article written by Shankar Narayan Rao on PIB website,
(c) Ras Bihari Bose (d) Lala Lajpat Rai the President of defence committee was Motilal Nehru.
The other members of this committee were-
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2008
Chandrabhanu Gupta, Mohanlal Saxena, Ajit Prasad
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Jain, Kripashankar Hajela etc. UPPSC had considered
80. The slogan ‘Inquilab Zindabad’ is associated option (d) as the correct one but later it showed option
with- (b) as the correct answer in its revised answer sheet.
(a) Chandra Shekhar Azad (b) Ram Prasad Bismil 84. Who among the following was the sole
(c) Bhagat Singh (d) Lala Hardayal revolutionary of the “Kakori Conspiracy Case’
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2010 who escaped from arrest by the police?
UP UDA/LDA Spl. (M) 2010 (a) Ashfaqullah Khan (b) Rajendra Lahiri
Ans-(c) The slogan ‘Inquilab Zindabad’ was primarily (c) Ram Prasad Bismil
(d) Chandra Shekhar Azad
used by Bhagat Singh and he made it popular among the
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2011
freedom fighters. The slogan was written by
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2006
Mohammad Iqbal. Ans-(d) Ram Prasad Bismil, Chandra Shekhar Azad
81. Who gave the slogan ‘Inquilab Zindabad’? and Sachindra Nath Sanyal established Hindustan
(a) Chandra Shekhar Azad (b) Subhas Chandra Bose Republican Association in 1924. This organization
(c) Mohammad Iqbal (d) Bhagat Singh looted the government treasury near Kakori Railway
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1993 Station of Lucknow-Saharanpur section of northern
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991, 1995 railway on August 9, 1925. This incident is known as
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002 Kakori Conspiracy. A total of 29 revolutionary were
UP Lower (Pre) 2004 arrested in which Ashfaqullah Khan, Ram Prasad
Bismil, Rajendra Lahiri and Roshan Singh were hanged
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
but Chandra Shekhar Azad escaped from arrest by the
82. Who defended Aurobindo Ghosh in Alipore police. Later he shot himself in an encounter with
Bomb Case? British forces in Alfred Park, Allahabd on February 27,
(a) B. C. Pal (b) Motilal Nehru 1931.
(c) Bhulabhai Desai (d) C. R. Das 85. Kakori Conspiracy case took place in the year-
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2004 (a) 1920 (b) 1925
Ans-(d) When Bengal was partitioned it sparked an (c) 1930 (d) 1935
outburst of public anger against the British. The anger UP Lower (Pre) 2008
led to civil unrest and a nationalist campaign was Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
carried out by groups of revolutionaries, led by 86. Who among the following was Government
advocate in Kakori Conspiracy Case?
Aurobindo Ghosh, Ras Bihari Bose and Bagha Jatin and (a) Mohan Lal Saxena (b) Jagat Narayan Mulla
organized into groups like Yugantar. The British (c) Krishna Bahadur (d) Prabhat Chandra
cracked down hard on the activists and the conflict UPPCS (Mains) Ist Paper G.S. 2015
came to a peak on April 30, 1908 when Khudiram Bose Ans-(b) The Hindustan Republican Association
and Prafulla Chaki attempted to kill Magistrate founded by Chandrashekhar Azad, Sachindra Sanyal
Kingsford. Aurobindo Ghosh was also arrested on and Ram Prasad Bismil looted the government treasury
charges of planning and overseeing the attack and in Kakori near Lucknow on August 9, 1925 during
imprisoned in solitary confinement in Alipore Jail. The Independence Movement. The court appointed Jagat
trial continued for a year (1908 - 1909), and Ras Bihari Narayan Mulla as government advocate against Ram
Bose was found guilty and later hanged. Aurobindo Prasad Bismil since 1916, when Bismil led the grand
procession of Bal Gangadhar Tilak at Lucknow. He was
Ghosh, however, was defended by the young lawyer
also prosecuted in the Manipur conspiracy case that
Chittaranjan Das, who concluded his defence. took place in 1918.
History of Modern India 143 YCT
87. Who among the following was the sole during independence movement. He founded Home Rule
revolutionary of the ‘Kakori Conspiracy Case’ League in March, 1916. In 1908 he was sentenced to 6
who escaped from arrest by the police? years imprisonment for publishing some seditious articles
(a) Chandra Shekhar Azad in his weekly paper the ‘Kesari’ and was deported to
(b) Sachindra Nath Sanyal Burma and Kept in Mandalay Fortress along with Lala
(c) Roshan Lal Lajpat Rai and others. Valentine Chirol termed Bal
(d) Yogesh Chandra Chatterjee Gangadhar Tilak as the father of Indian unrest.
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2006 94. Who is considered as the father of Indian
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Nationalism?
88. Who among the following was the revolutionary (a) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
associated with Kakori Conspiracy who was not (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
hanged? (c) Surendra Nath Banerjee
(a) Ram Prasad Bismil (b) Roshan Lal
(d) None of the above
(c) Chandra Shekhar Azad (d) Rajendra Lahiri
UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2013
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
89. Who among the following was not associated with 95. Who called Bal Gangadhar Tilak the ‘Father of
Kakori Conspiracy? Indian Unrest’?
(a) Ram Prasad Bismil (b) Surya Sen (a) Lord Curzon (b) Vincent Smith
(c) Rajendra Lahiri (d) Ashfaqullah Khan (c) Valentine Chirol (d) Henry Cotton
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2016 MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2009
UP Lower (Pre) 2004 UP Lower (Pre) 1998, 2013
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
90. Who among the following was hanged in Kakori 96. Bal Gangadhar Tilak was sentenced to
Conspiracy Case by British Government? imprisonment in 1908 for-
(a) Bhagat Singh (a) 5 years (b) 6 years
(b) Chandra Shekhar Azad (c) 7 years (d) 8 years
(c) Ram Prasad Bismil BPSC (Pre) 1999
(d) Batukeshwar Dutt Ans-(b) In 1908 Bal Gangadhar Tilak was sentenced to
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1997 6 years imprisonment for publishing some seditious
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. articles in his weekly paper ‘The Kesari’ and was
91. The place where Hindustan Republican deported to Burma and Kept in Mandalay Fortress along
Association was founded in 1924 was- with Lala Lajpat Rai and others.
(a) Allahabad (b) Kanpur 97. In which of the following prisons Pt. Ram Prasad
(c) Lucknow (d) Amritsar Bismil was hanged?
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11 (a) Gonda (b) Faizabad
UP UDA/LDA (Mains) 2010 (c) Gorakhpur (d) Varanasi
Ans-(b) The Hindustan Republican Association was
UPPCS (Mains) Ist Paper G.S. 2015
founded in October, 1924 at Kanpur by its founding
Ans-(c) Ram Prasad Bismil was hanged in Gorakhpur
members Chandra Shekhar Azad, Sachindra Sanyal,
Jail on December 19, 1927 as an accused of Kakori
Ram Prasad Bismil and Yogesh Chandra Chatterjee.
Conspiracy Case. The other accused of Kakori
92. In which year ‘Hindustan Republican
Conspiracy, Rajendra Lahiri, Roshan Singh and
Association’ was set up-
(a) 1920 (b) 1924 Ashfaqullah Khan were hanged in the prisons of Gonda,
(c) 1928 (d) 1930 Allahabad and Faizabad respectively. Ram Prasad
BPSC (Pre) 1995 Bismil had been given milk to drink on the eve of his
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. execution but he refused to drink the given milk by
93. Who among the following has been called the saying “Now, I shall take my mother’s milk only”.
‘Father of Indian Unrest’? 98. Which revolutionaries were hanged in the
(a) B.G. Tilak (b) G.K. Gokhale 'Kakori Train Robbery Case'?
(c) Subhas Chandra Bose (a) Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqulla
(d) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Veer Savarkar and Vasudev Chapekar
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2004 (c) Prafulla Chandra Chaki and Khudiram Bose
Ans-(a) The prominent leader of Swadeshi Movement (d) Surya Sen and Udham Singh
and the father of Indian Nationalism, Bal Gangadhar (e) None of the above/ More than one of the above
Tilak was an extreme believer of service and sacrifice. 65th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019
He posed serious challenges for British Government Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.

History of Modern India 144 YCT

99. Who amongst the following revolutionaries Ans-(c) The first recorded Muslim who was hanged for
refused to drink the given milk on the eve of his Indian freedom was Ashfaqullah Khan. He was hanged
execution and said “Now, I shall take my on December 19, 1927 at Faizabad Jail for his
mother’s milk only”? participation in Kakori Conspiracy Case (August 9,
(a) Rajguru (b) Ashfaqullah 1925). He was 27 years old when he was hanged.
(c) Ram Prasad Bismil (d) Bhagat Singh 105. Who is popularly known as ‘Sher-e-Punjab’?
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014 (a) Rajguru (b) Bhagat Singh
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (c) Lala Lajpat Rai (d) Udham Singh
BPSC (Pre) 2011
100. Who among the following revolutionary was
Ans-(c) Lala Lajpat Rai was an extreme representative
hanged in Gorakhpur Jail? of Indian National Congress in Punjab. He is popularly
(a) Ram Prasad Bismil (b) Rajendra Lahiri known as Punjab Kesari . He is also known as “Sher-e-
(c) Roshan Singh (d) Ashfaqullah Khan Punjab” in Punjabi for his contribution to the Indian
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2009-10 Freedom Struggle. He died on November 17, 1928 in
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. lathi charge during Simon Commission protest.
101. When were Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev 106. Who had been given the title of ‘Punjab Kesari’?
hanged? (a) Bhagat Singh (b) Ranjit Singh
(a) 23 March, 1931 (b) 23 March, 1932 (c) Lala Lajpat Rai (d) Lala Hardayal
(c) 23 March, 1933 (d) 23 March, 1934 Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1999, 2002 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(a) Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev were 107. The Congress policy of pray and petition
hanged on March 23, 1931 in Lahore Jail for Lahore ultimately came to an end under the guidance of-
conspiracy. (a) Aurobindo Ghosh (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai (d) Mahatma Gandhi
102. Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999
sentenced to death in-
Ans-(b) The first two decades of Indian National
(a) Alipore Conspiracy Case
Congress is described as moderate era in Indian history.
(b) Lahore Conspiracy Case
Dadabhai Naoroji, Feroz Shah Mehta, Surendra Nath
(c) Kakori Conspiracy Case
Banerjee, Govind Ranade, G. K. Gokhale and Anand
(d) Kanpur Conspiracy Case Mohan Bose were some prominent moderate leaders.
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2010 They believed practicing of pray, petition and protest.
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Their aim was not aggressive nationalism to attain
103. Which among the following pair accused for independence. Bal Gangadhar Tilak accused Indian
killing British officers in England was hanged? National Congress that they believed in constitutional
(a) Rajguru and Sukhdev methods and favoured the policy of protest, prayer and
(b) Khudiram Bose and Surya Sen petition. The policy of pray, petition and protest came to
(c) Madan Lal Dhingra and Udham Singh an end under the leadership of Bal Gangadhar Tilak. He
(d) Kartar Singh and Ashfaqullah Khan strongly recommended the method of agitation to gain
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2004 independence.
Ans-(c) Madan Lal Dhingra was a great revolutionary 108. The Indian Muslims, in general, were not
from Punjab associated with the Indian Home Rule attracted to the extremist movement because of
Society, Abhinav Bharat Society and the Indian House the-
in London. On July 1, 1909 he shot dead Curzon Wyllie (a) influence of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
an advisor to the Secretary of State of India, and Cowas (b) anti-Muslim attitude of extremist leaders
Lolcaca at the meeting of the Indian National (c) the indifference shown to Muslim aspirations
Association in London to avenge the atrocities (d) extremist’s policy of harping on Hindu past
committed by the British in India. He was hanged on IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998
August 17, 1909. Udham Singh, the freedom fighter had Ans-(d) The Indian Muslims, in general, were not
attracted to the extremist movement because of the
shot dead British official Michael O’Dwyer who
extremist’s policy of harping on Hindu past.
ordered the Jallianwalla Bagh Massacre of April 13,
Consequently, the British Government incited
1919. On the 31st July, 1940 Udham Singh was hanged
communal sentiments and helped in the establishment
at Pentonville jail, London.
of the Muslim League in 1906.
104. Name the first recorded Muslim who was hanged 109.Who among the trio- Lal, Bal and Pal became
for Indian freedom president of the Indian National Congress?
(a) Mohammad Ali (b) Shaukat Ali (a) Lala Lajpat Rai (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(c) Ashfaqullah Khan (d) Azizuddin (c) Bipin Chandra Pal (d) All of them
UP Lower (Pre) 2004 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1997
History of Modern India 145 YCT
Ans-(a) Lala Lajpat Rai also known as ‘Sher-e-Punjab’ Ans-(c) Revolutionary freedom fighter Jatindra
and ‘Punjab Kesari’ presided over the special session of Nath Das, also known as Jatin Das was arrested by the
Indian National Congress held in Calcutta in 1920. The British on June 14, 1929 in connection with the Lahore
proposal of Non-Cooperation was adopted in this Conspiracy Case. He passed away in prison on 64th day
session. Bipin Chandra Pal and Bal Gangadhar Tilak of hunger strike.
never became the president of Indian National 115. The freedom fighter who died in jail due to
Congress. hunger strike was-
110. Who among the following was an extremist? (a) Bhagat Singh
(a) Feroz Shah Mehta (b) Bipin Chandra Pal
(b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale (c) Jatin Das
(c) Bipin Chandra Pal (d) S.C. Bose
(d) None of the above UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2004
UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2013 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 116.Who among the following revolutionary was not
111. Who among the following female revolutionary hanged in Lahore Conspiracy Case?
fired at the British Governor (Chancellor) while (a) Batukeshwar Dutt
receiving her degree at the convocation? (b) Sukhdev
(a) Shanti Ghosh (b) Suniti Chaudhary (c) Sardar Bhagat Singh
(c) Bina Das (d) Kalpana Dutta (d) Rajguru
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2010 MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1990
Ans-(c) Bina Das was a female revolutionary of Ans-(a) Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev tried for
Comilla district, Bengal (now in Bangladesh) who fired
Saunders murder in what came to be known as the
at the British Governor while receiving her degree at the
Lahore conspiracy case. They were found guilty and
convocation in January, 1932. Two other Bengali girls
sentenced to death. The executions were to be carried
Shanti Ghosh and Suniti Chaudhary killed a district
out on March 24, 1931 but the three prisoners were
magistrate by firing in December, 1931.
hanged a day before, on 23 March at 7.30
112.Who among the following freedom
p.m. Batukeshwar Dutt was not associated with Lahore
revolutionaries was not associated with armed
Conspiracy Case.
rebellion?
(a) Prafulla Chaki (b) Khudiram Bose 117. Who penned the following lines?
(c) Surya Sen (d) Bipin Chandra Pal “Sarfaroshi ki tamanna ab hamare dil me hai,
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2010-11 Dekhna hai zor kitna baju-e-qatil me hai”
Ans-(d) Bipin Chandra Pal was an extremist leader (a) Bismil (b) Rajguru
however he was never associated with armed rebellion. (c) Bhagat Singh (d) Azad
Prafulla Chaki and Khudiram Bose attempted murder of BPSC (Pre) 2015
Judge Kingsford on April 30, 1908 at Muzaffarpur. Ans-(a) The patriotic poem “Sarfaroshi ki tamanna ab
Unfortunately the bomb fell on Kenedy’s van in which hamare dil me hai, Dekhna hai zor kitna baju-e-qatil me
two women died. Later Chaki committed suicide and hai” was written by Bismil Azimabadi in Urdu
Khudiram Bose was hanged on August 11, 1908 at the language. This poem was sung and polularised by Ram
age of 18 years. He is the least age martyr in the war of Prasad Bismil.
independence. Surya Sen was hanged on January 12, 118.Who was the first Indian to oppose political
1934 for Chittagong Armoury Raid of April, 1930. reforms?
113. Who among the following was considered by Lala (a) Dadabhai Naoroji (b) Surendranath
Lajpat Rai as his political guru? (c) Ram Mohan Roy (d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(a) Garibaldi (b) Vivekanand BPSC (Pre) 2007-08
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji (d) Mazzini Ans-(d) The father of Indian Unrest, Bal Gangadhar
UP RO/ARO Tilak was the first Indian who openly opposed the
Ans-(d) Lala Lajpat Rai considered Mazzini as his political reforms. He widely encouraged nationalist
political guru after reading his biography and later he sentiments. He was the first leader of national
translated magnificent creation of Mazzini “The Duty of movement who established close relation with public.
Man” in Urdu language. He was also conferred with the title of "Lokmanya",
114. On what charge was Jatin Das arrested? which means "accepted by the people (as their leader)".
(a) Meerut Conspiracy 119. When did the attempt of murder of Kingsford
(b) Peshawar Conspiracy was made at Muzaffarpur?
(c) Lahore Conspiracy (a) 1908 (b) 1909
(d) Chittagong Conspiracy (c) 1907 (d) 1911
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1999 BPSC (Pre) 2008
History of Modern India 146 YCT
Ans-(a) Khudiram Bose along with Prafulla Chaki 125. Who among the following was not an extremist?
attempted to assassinate a British judge, Magistrate (a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (b) Madanlal
Kingsford on the evening of April 30, 1908 by throwing (c) Udham Singh (d) G. K. Gokhale
bombs in the carriage they suspected the man was in. BPSC (Pre) 2000-01
Magistrate Kingsford, however, he was seated in a Ans-(d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale was a prominent social
different carriage, resulting in the deaths of two reformer of India. He led the moderate wing of Indian
innocent British women named Mrs. and Miss Kennedy National Congress in the early years of Indian
(the wife and daughter of barrister Prince Kennedy). Independence Movement. He was the leader of the
Prafulla committed suicide when cornered by police at moderate faction of the Congress party that advocated
Samastipur railway station. Khudiram was arrested and reforms by working with existing government
tried for the murder of the two women, ultimately being
institutions.
sentenced to death.
126. Who among the following was not in moderates?
120. Muzaffarpur Bomb Case (1908) is associated
(a) G. K. Gokhale (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
with-
(a) Savarkar (b) Ajit Singh (c) R. C. Dutt (d) W. C. Banerjee
(c) Prafulla Chaki (d) Bipin Chandra Pal BPSC (Pre) 1999
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. Ist Paper, 2013 Ans-(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak belongs to extremist wing
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. of Indian National Congress.
121. Who shot dead General Dyer? 127. Who among the following was not known as a
(a) Khudiram (b) Bhagat Singh moderate in the National Movement?
(c) Madanlal Dhingra (d) Udham Singh (a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002 (b) Dadabhai Naoroji
Ans-(d) Udham Singh an Indian Independence activist (c) M. G. Ranade
from Sunam who had witnessed the events of (d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919) and was himself BPSC (Pre) 2002
wounded, shot dead Michael O’Dwyer, (the British Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Lieutenant Governor of Punjab at the time of the 128. The reason for the repetition of the revolutionary
massacre) at Caxton Hall, London on March 13, 1940. procedure in Indian politics during the period of
Michael O'Dwyer had ordered the massacre, 1923-28 was-
and Udham Singh held him responsible. The task of (a) rising influence of leaders like Hardayal and
drafting Congress Inquiry Committee report on Lajpat Rai
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre was entrusted to Mahatma (b) suspension of Non-Cooperation Movement by
Gandhi. Lord Chelmsford was the Viceroy of India at Gandhi
the time of Jallianwala Massacre in 1919. (c) impact of foreign incidents
122. Sir Michael O’Dwyer was shot dead on 13th (d) refusal of Indian demand by Britishers
March, 1940 in London by- BPSC (Pre) 1996
(a) Madan Lal Dhingra (b) M. P. T. Acharya Ans-(b) The postponement of Non-Cooperation
(c) V. D. Savarkar (d) Udham Singh Movement in 1922 disappointed many national
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above revolutionaries. They were dissatisfied with the way of
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1999, 2017 non-violence and political leadership of Mahatma
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Gandhi. They believed that the British could be thrown
123. Udham Singh killed which person in London- out of India only by violent revolutionary movements.
(a) Lord Harding (b) General Dyer 129. Who is regarded as “The Mother of Indian
(c) Sir Michael O’Dwyer (d) Lord Willington Revolution”?
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2006 (a) Mrs. Annie Besant
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (b) Snehlata Wadekar
124. Which one of the following leaders belonged to (c) Sarojini Naidu
the Extremist wing of the Congress? (d) Madam Bhikhaji Rustam Cama
(a) Aurobindo Ghosh (b) Dadabhai Naoroji (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
(c) G. K. Gokhale (d) S. N. Bannerjee BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002 Ans-(d) Madam Bhikhaji Rustom Cama was born to
Ans-(a) Aurobindo Ghosh was an extremist leader of Bhikaji Sorab Patel on 24 September 1861 in Bombay
Indian National Congress. Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal (now Mumbai) in a large, well-off Gujarati-Parsi
Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal and Aurobindo family. Having worked as a social worker during the
Ghosh were said to be the four pillars of extremist wing Bombay Plague epidemic in 1897, she became ill
of the Congress. They believed that no matter how good herself and was sent to Britain in 1901-02 for treatment.
foreign rule is, but it can never take the position of self- On 22 August 1907, Cama attended the second Socialist
government. Congress at Stuttgart, Germany, where she described the
History of Modern India 147 YCT
 devastating effects of a famine that had struck the Indian i ii iii iv
subcontinent. In her appeal for human rights, equality and (a) b a d c
for autonomy from Great Britain, she unfurled what she (b) a b c d
called the "Flag of Indian Independence.” The flag was (c) c d b a
prepared by Veer Savarkar. She is regarded as “The (d) d c a b
Mother of Indian Revolution.” Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I
130.Who said, “Criticism and independent thought Ans. (a) : The correct match is as follows-
are the two characteristics of a revolutionary”? 1. V.D. Savarkar – Mitra Mela
(a) Bhagat Singh
2. Surya Sen – Chittagong Armoury
(b) Ram Prasad Bismil
Raid
(c) Sachindra Sanyal
3. Shyamji Krishna Varma – The Indian Sociologist
(d) Bhagwati Charan Vohra
4. Madan Lal Dhingra – Assasination of Curzon
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2014
Wyllie
Ans-(a) Bhagat Singh said “Criticism and independent
thought are the two characteristics of a revolutionary.” 134. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
He also gave the slogan “Inquilab Zindabad” (long live answer using the codes given below the list-
revolution). List-I List-II
131. Who among the following threw a bomb in the A. Abhinav Bharat 1. V.D. Savarkar
Central Legislative Assembly on April 8, 1929 to B. Mitra Mela 2. G.D. Savarkar
make the deaf British Government hear? C. Indian Republic Army 3. S.N. Sanyal
1. Bhagat Singh 2. Sukhdev D. Hindustan Republic 4. S. Sen
3. Rajguru 4. Batukeshwar Dutt Association
Select the answer from the code given below: Code:
Code: A B C D
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 (a) 1 2 4 3
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 1 and 4 (b) 2 3 1 4
UP Lower (Pre) 2013 (c) 4 2 3 1
Ans-(d) The two members of Hindustan Socialist (d) 2 1 4 3
Republican Organization, Bhagat Singh and UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014
Batukeshwar Dutt threw a low intensity bomb inside the Ans-(a) The correct matching is as follows-
assembly hall on April 8, 1929 and at the same time Abhinav Bharat (1904) - Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
ensured that there were no deaths. Bhagat Singh and his Mitra Mela (1901) - Ganesh Damodar Savarkar
friend surrendered and were taken on trial and charged Indian Republic Army (1930) - S. Sen
with attempt to murder. When the bomb was thrown the Hindustan Republic Association (1924) - Sachindra
proceedings were going on for trade dispute and safety Sanyal
bills.
135. Consider the following events-
132. Who among the following is considered to be the
I. Kakori Conspiracy Case
first Indian to go to jail in performance of his
II. Murder of Police Officer Saunders by
duty as a journalist?
revolutionaries
(a) Surendranath Banerjee
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak III. Throwing of bomb in Central Legislative
(c) Ras Bihari Bose Assembly by Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar
(d) Feroz Shah Mehta Dutt
UPPSC Asst. Forest Conservator Exam 2015 Arrange these events in correct chronological
Ans-(a) Surendranath Banerjee, one of the founding sequence:
fathers of the Indian national movement, was the first (a) I, II, III (b) I, III, II
Indian to go to jail in performance of his duty as a (c) III, I, II (d) II, I, III
journalist. UPPCS (J) (Pre) G.S. 2016
133. Match the following: Ans-(a) The correct chronological order of the events is
1. V.D. Savarkar a. Chittagong as follows-
Armoury Raid (I) Kakori Conspiracy Case – August 9, 1925
2. Surya Sen b. Mitra Mela (II) Murder of police officer Saunders by the
3. Shyamji Krishna c. Curzon Wyllie revolutionaries – December 17, 1928
Varma (III) Throwing of bomb in Central Legislative
4. Madan Lal d. The Indian Assembly – April 8, 1929 by Bhagat Singh
Dhingra Sociologist and Batukeshwar Dutt

History of Modern India 148 YCT

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18.
Muslim League-Structure
and Function
1. In 1906 Muslim League was founded at- 5. MLNG was the private militia of which of the
(a) Lahore (b) Delhi following party?
(c) Calcutta (d) Dhaka (a) Indian National Congress
(b) Forward Block
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1992
(c) Justice Party
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
(d) All India Muslim League
J & K PSC 2021 Paper-(I)
UPPSC ACF Mains 2021 Paper-I
Ans-(d) On December 30, 1906, around 3000 delegates of
which 56 were temporary members attended a conference Ans. (d) : The MLNG was a private paramilitary
of the Muhammadan Educational Conference at Dhaka in organization of the All India Muslim League. The
Muslim League was founded on 30 December 1906 in
which the ban on politics was removed and a motion was
Dhaka under the leadership of Aga Khan, Nawab
moved to form the All India Muslim League (AIML). The Salimullah and Mohsin-ul-Mulk. Waqar-ul-Mulk was
name was proposed by Nawab Khawaja Sir Salimullah the first president of the Muslim League.
Bahadur and seconded by Hakim Ajmal Khan. The
founding meeting was hosted by Nawab Khwaja 6. The Muslim League started its annual
convention on regular basis from–
Salimullah. The AIML was the first Muslim political party
of India. Lucknow was the headquarter of All India (a) 1916 AD (b) 1919 AD
Muslim League. Nawab Mohasin-ul-Mulk and Nawab (c) 1924 AD (d) 1925 AD
Waqar-ul-Mulk were jointly appointed as the Secretary of (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
the Muhammadan Educational Conference. Nawab 66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre)
Waqar-ul-Mulk Mushtaq Hussain was the first president of Ans. (d): All India Muslim league was established in
Muslim League. 1906 at Dacca. Its first session was held in 1907.
2. At which place Muslim League was formed in However its regular annual sessions started since 1928.
1906. 8. Where was held the first session of Muslim
(a) Multan (b) Dhaka League?
(c) Deoband (d) Peshawar (a) Dacca (b) Calcutta
UK RO-ARO (Pre) 2021 (c) Lahore (d) Karachi
Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above Himachal PSC (Pre) 2016
question. Ans-(d) To safeguard the rights of Muslims, Muslim
League was founded in 1906 at Dhaka. The first session
3. The first President of Muslim League was-
of All India Muslim League was held in Karachi on
(a) Nawab Waqar-ul-Mulk Mushtaq Hussain December 29, 1907 and was presided over by Adamjee
(b) Miya Abdul Ajiz Peerbhoy.
(c) Hidayat Hussain 9. The annual session of Muslim League in the year
(d) Mohammad Ali Jinnah 1907 was held at-
Chattisgarh PCS (Pre) 2015 (a) Dhaka (b) Karachi
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (c) Aligarh (d) Lucknow
UP Lower (Pre) 2008
4. All India Muslim League was founded in the
year- Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) 1905 (b) 1904 10. Assertion (A): Soon after the resignation of the
Congress ministries in the Provinces in 1939, the
(c) 1907 (d) 1906
Muslim League observed a 'Deliverance Day'.
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2014 Reason (R): B. R. Ambedkar supported and
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. joined it.
History of Modern India 149 YCT
 In the context of the two statements, which of Ans-(a) After the announcement of the partition of
the following is correct? Bengal, a delegation of Muslims under the leadership of
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Aga Khan met the then Viceroy Lord Minto on October
explanation of A 1, 1906 and demanded a special status for Muslims in
central, provincial and local elections. Minto assured
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct the Muslims that their political rights and interests
explanation of A would be protected.
(c) A is true but R is false 13. Who among the following had given the idea of a
(d) A is false but R is true separate nation for Muslims?
Manipur PSC-2016 (a) Mohammad Ali Jinnah (b) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
Ans. (b): Deliverance Day was Muslim League's (c) Sir Mohammad Iqbal (d) Liaqat Ali Khan
observance of December 22, 1939 as mark of relief on UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2003
the resignation of all provincial Congress Ministries of Ans-(c) Muhammad Iqbal (1877-1938) who articulated
British India. They resigned in mass protesting the Muslim political separatism in his presidential address
Viceroy's decision to make India a party to the Second to the annual session of the All India Muslim League at
World War without duly consulting Indians. The Allahabad held in 1930. He expressed the wish that: “I
Congress criticised this move of the league and would like to see the Punjab, North-West Frontier
Mahatma Gandhi appealed to Jinnah to desist from Province, Sind and Baluchistan amalgamated into a
observing this day. The Day of Deliverance was single state. Self-government within the British Empire
celebrated in many parts of India by Muslim League or without the British Empire, the formation of a
supporters, as well as some non-Muslim Congress consolidated North-West Indian Muslim State appears
opponents. The latter included the All- India Depressed to me to be the final destiny of the Muslims, at least of
North-West India.” He also wrote the song “Saare Jahan
Classes Association, Dalit leader B.R. Ambedkar and
Se Achcha.”
the Independent Labour Party leaders E.V. Ramasamy
of the justice party as well as some Parsis, and Anglo- 14. A separate homeland for Muslims found for the
Indians. Hence, both A and R are true but R is not the first time a definite expression-
correct explanation of A. (a) In the Presidential Speech of Iqbal at the
Allahabad Session of Muslim League (1930).
11. Who among the following founded All India
Muslim League? (b) In the Cambridge Pamphlet
(a) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan (c) In the Lahore Session of Muslim League in 1940
(b) Sir Mohammad Iqbal (d) None of the above
(c) Agha Khan UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2013
(d) Nawab Salimullah Khan Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
BPSC (Pre) 1996 15. Who among the following first put forward the
proposal for a separate Muslim state in India?
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2004-05
(a) Agha Khan (b) M.A. Jinnah
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2007
(c) Liaqat Ali Khan (d) Mohammad Iqbal
UPPCS (M) G.S. Ist Paper 2006
UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2014
Ans-(d) The founders of the Muslim League were :
Nawab Khwaja Salimullah , Waqar-ul-Mulk, Syed Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Amir Ali, Syed Nabiullah, Khan Bahadur Ghulam and 16. Who authored ‘Sare Jahan Se Achcha’?
Mustafa Chowdhury. The first Honorary President of the (a) Maulana Azad (b) Mohammad Iqbal
League was Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah (Aga Khan III). (c) Raghupati Sahai (d) Mirza Ghalib
12. The Muslim deputation met Minto in 1906 at MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1999
Shimla and pleaded for- Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Separate electorate for Muslims 17. Who wrote the pamphlet ‘Now or Never’?
(b) A composite electorate (a) Mohammad Ali Jinnah (b) Mohammad Iqbal
(c) Higher representation to the Hindus (c) Rehmat Ali (d) Khafi Khan
(d) Special representation to Muslim by nomination (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
BPSC (Pre) 2003-04 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
History of Modern India 150 YCT
Ans-(c) The pamphlet titled ‘Now or Never : Are We to 23. Who among the following led the movement for
Live or Perish Forever?’ was authored by the student of the separate state of Pakistan?
Cambridge University, Chaudhary Rehmat Ali in 1933. (a) Agha Khan (b) Nawab Salimullah
The word ‘Pakistan’ was primarily used by him in this (c) Liaqat Ali Khan (d) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
letter. BPSC (Pre) 1992-93
18. Who among the following had primarily used the Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
word ‘Pakistan’ for separate state of Indian 24. When did Muslim League celebrate the ‘Pakistan
Muslims? Day’?
(a) Sir Mohammad Iqbal (a) 25 April 1920 (b) 5 February 1922
(b) Sir Agha Khan (c) 14 July 1942 (d) 23 March 1943
(c) M. A. Jinnah UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2008
(d) Chaudhary Rehmat Ali and his friends Ans-(d) On March 23, 1940 the annual session of All
India Muslim League was held at Lahore under the
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 1996
chairmanship of Mohammad Ali Jinnah in which
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Khaliq-uz-Zaman proposed the resolution of demand of
19. In which of the following session of Muslim Pakistan as a separate Muslim nation. The resolution
League the ‘two-nation theory’ was propounded? was drafted by Sikandar Hayat Khan. In the same
session, the resolution for the formation of a separate
(a) Lahore Session, 1940 (b) Bombay Session, 1915 Muslim Nation ‘Pakistan’ was passed and in the
(c) Delhi Session, 1918 (d) Calcutta Session, 1917 commemoration of this day Muslim League celebrated
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2009-10 the ‘Pakistan Day’ on March 23, 1943.
Ans-(a) The annual session of All India Muslim League 25. Who has moved a resolution for the creation of
was held on March 23, 1940 at Lahore in which Pakistan in the Muslim League Session of 1940?
Jinnah’s ‘two nation theory’ was recognized. The draft (a) M. A. Jinnah (b) Mohammad Iqbal
of two nation theory was prepared by Sikandar Hayat (c) Rehmat Ali (d) Khaliq-uz-Zaman
Ali and was presented by Fazal-ul-Haq on March 23, UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000
1940. The session was presided over by Mohammad Ali Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Jinnah. The session is famous for the ‘demand of 26. The ‘Pakistan Resolution’ was drafted by-
Pakistan’ apart from India as a separate Muslim Nation. (a) Rehmat Ali (b) Sikandar Hayat Khan
20. Who took the Chairmanship of Lahore Session (c) Muhammad Ali Jinnah (d) Fazlul Haque
(1940) of Muslim League? Jharkhand PCS (Pre) G.S. Ist 2016
(a) Liyaquat Ali Khan Ans-(b) Pakistan Resolution was first called the Lahore
(b) Chaudhary Khaliq-uz-Zaman resolution which afterward became the Pakistan
(c) Mohammad Ali Jinnah Resolution, was presented on March 24, 1940. This
resolution was drafted by Sikandar Hayat Khan and
(d) Fatimah Jinnah
presented on 23 March, 1940 by Fazlul Haque. This
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2013 was a statement drafted by 25 members of the working
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. committee of All Indian Muslim League and it was
drafted between March 22, 1940 and March 24, 1940. It
21. The Muslim League annual session which gave effect was presented by Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
to Jinnah’s Two Nation Theory was held in-
27. Which of the following date was fixed as ‘Direct
(a) Lahore (b) Karachi Action Day’ by Muslim League?
(c) Bombay (d) Lucknow (a) 13 August 1946 (b) 14 August 1946
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012 (c) 15 August 1946 (d) 16 August 1946
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007
22. The resolution demanding the formation of UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. Ist 2008
Pakistan was passed by Muslim League in the UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2010
year- Ans-(d) With an aim of spreading riots, August 16,
(a) 1939 (b) 1940 (c) 1941 (d) 1942 1946 was fixed as the ‘Direct Action Day’ and it turned
into the “Great Calcutta Killing”. This date started the
BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
week of long Knives and following this day, 6000
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012 Hindus and Muslims stabbed, shot and battered each
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. other and 20 thousand were maimed and raped.
History of Modern India 151 YCT
28. On whose call was the ‘Muslim Deliverance Day’ Ans-(d) Mohammad Ali Jinnah was the supporter of
celebrated by the Muslim League? ‘Two Nation Theory’ and presided over Lahore session
(a) Liaqat Ali Khan (b) Mohammad Ali Jinnah of Muslim League in 1940. He did not participate in
(c) Mazhar-ul-Haq (d) Chaudhary Khaliquzzaman Non-Cooperation Movement.
UPPSC Food Safety Inspector Exam 2013 32. With reference to the Indian freedom struggle, which
Ans-(b) "Day of Deliverance" was a celebration day one of the following statements is not correct?
marked by Muslim League and others on December 22, (a) Hakim Ajmal Khan was one of the leaders to
1939 during the Indian Independence movement. It was start a nationalist and militant Ahrar movement
led by Muslim League President, Muhammad Ali
Jinnah and intended to rejoice the resignation of all (b) When the Indian National Congress was
members of the rival Congress party from provincial formed, Sayyid Ahmad Khan opposed it
and central offices in protest as they not have been (c) The All-India Muslim League which was
consulted over the decision to enter World War formed in 1906 vehemently opposed the
II alongside Great Britain. partition of Bengal and separate electorates
29. The Day of Deliverance was celebrated by Muslim (d) Maulana Barkatullah and Maulana Ubaidullah
League in- Sindhi were among those who formed a
(a) 1939 (b) 1942 (c) 1946 (d) 1947 Provisional Government of India in Kabul
RAS/RTS (Pre) Spl. 2002
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2002
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(c) The All India Muslim League was founded at
30. Consider the following statements- Dacca (now Dhaka, Bangladesh) in the Bengal
Assertion (A): The League refused to accept the Presidency in 1906. It supported the partition of Bengal
right to apply for the fulfillment of the goal along to provide majority to the Muslims after partition.
with Muslim community of Congress.
33. In which of the following sessions of Muslim
Reason (R): Such right existed with Muslim
League, M. A. Jinnah put forth his 14 point
League only.
proposal?
Choose the correct answer from the code given
(a) 1927 (b) 1928 (c) 1929 (d) 1930
below-
UPPCS (Mains) Ist Paper G.S. 2015
(a) A and R both are correct and R is the correct
explanation of A Ans-(c) On March 28, 1929 the Muslim League session
(b) A and R both are correct but R is not the correct was held at Delhi under the presidency of Mohammad
explanation of A Ali Jinnah. In his address to his delegates, he
(c) A is true but R is false consolidated Muslim viewpoints under fourteen points
and these fourteen points became Jinnah's 14 points.
(d) A is false but R is true
The Fourteen Points were proposed by Muhammad Ali
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2002
Jinnah as a constitutional reform plan to safeguard the
Ans-(c) The Muslim League was formed in the context political rights of Muslims in a self-governing
of communal political polarization. At the time of India. Jinnah produced his fourteen points in response
Shimla Conference, Muslim leaders have planned to
to the Nehru Report in 1929. Jinnah wanted separate
found a central Muslim assembly, whose purpose is to
protect the interests of Muslims only. As a result Muslim electorates in the British Indian Government,
Muslim League was founded on December 30, 1906. So that the Muslims could have representation of 1/3 in
The Muslim League believed that it is the only party every decision made by the Government of India. The
which has the right to work for the Muslim population. Nehru report said that, there should be joint electorates
While the Muslim League was just a party like the which were automatically declared as against the
Congress which had the same political right as the other Muslims of India and hence they opposed it. That is
parties had including the Congress. why Jinnah produced his fourteen points.
31. Which of the following statement is not true in 34. Who amongst the following presided over the All
context of Mohammad Ali Jinnah? parties Muslim Conference held at Delhi on 31th
(a) He was supporter of ‘Two Nation Theory’ December, 1928?
(b) He presided over Lahore session of Muslim (a) Aga Khan (b) M. A. Jinnah
League in 1940 (c) Faizli Hussain (d) Karim Jalal
(c) He did not participate in Non-Cooperation Movement UPPCS (Mains) Ist Paper G.S. 2015
(d) He always used to keep a diary Ans-(a) The All Parties Muslim Conference held at Delhi
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2010 on December 31, 1928 was presided over by Agha Khan.
History of Modern India 152 YCT
 35. Who blamed Mohammed Ali Jinnah the most for 38. In which province Muslim League formed
the partition of India? government after 1946 election?
(a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Irwin (a) Bengal (b) North-West Province
(c) Lord Linlithgow (d) Lord Mountbatten (c) Punjab (d) Bihar
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2002-03 RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2008
Ans-(d) Lord Mountbatten blamed Mohammad Ali Ans-(a) Muslim League formed government in Bengal
Jinnah the most for the partition of India. Jinnah's under Fazlul Haq with an alliance of Krishak Praja
dogma was responsible for the partition of India. Party in the elections of 1946. By the December 1946,
36. From 1906 to 1920, the role of Md. Ali Jinnah the elections to the Constituent assembly had taken
during freedom struggle of India was- place. On 6 December 1946, the constituent assembly
(a) Separatist (b) Fundamentalist met for the first time. The members of the constituent
assembly were elected by the provincial assemblies by
(c) Nationalist (d) Nationalist and Secular
method of single transferable vote system of
Uttarakhand RO/ARO (Pre) 2016
proportional representations. Total membership of the
Ans-(d) The prominent leader of Muslim League and constituent assembly was 389, out of which 292 were
founder of Pakistan, Mohammed Ali Jinnah was born the representatives of the states, 93 were representatives
on December 25, 1876 in Karachi, now in Pakistan. He of princely states and 4 were from the Chief
studied at Bombay University and at Lincoln's Inn in Commissioners provinces of Delhi, Ajmer-Mewar,
London. He then ran a successful legal practice in Coorg and British Baluchistan. The elections for the
Bombay. He was already a member of the Indian 296 seats assigned to the British Indian provinces were
National Congress, which was working for autonomy completed by July-August 1946. Congress won 208
from British rule, when he joined the Muslim League in seats and Muslim league won 73 seats. The leader of
1913. In 1909, he was elected as Muslim representative Muslim League in Bengal and Chief Minister of the
from Bombay in the Imperialist Legislative Council. In province was Hussain Suhrawardy.
1914, he went to London as the representative of Indian
National Congress. So we can say that the role of 39. The Session of All Parties Muslim Conference
Jinnah from 1906 to 1920 during freedom struggle of held at Delhi on 31st December, 1928 was
India was nationalist and secular. presided over by:
37. Consider the following reports connected with (a) Aga Khan (b) Mohd. Shafi
Muslim grievances in the Congress administered (c) Mohd. Ali Jinnah (d) Fajii Hussain
provinces: OPSC (OCS)-2018 Paper-I
1. Pirpur Report Ans. (a): All Indian Muslim Conference held at Delhi
2. Shareef Report between the dates of 31st December 1928 and 1st
3. Muslim sufferings under Congress rule. January 1929.
Select the correct chronological order of the • The conference was held under the Presidentship of
reports from the code given below: Sir Sultan Mohammed Shah (Aga Khan) with Fazal
Codes: Rahimtoola being its secretary.
(a) 1, 2, 3 (b) 2, 1, 3 (c) 3, 1, 2 (d) 1, 3, 2 • Representatives from across India including Assam,
UP Lower (Pre) 2013 Bengal, Bombay, Central Provinces, Delhi, Madras,
NWFP, Sindh, United Provinces and groups such as
Ans-(a) On March 28, 1938, the Council of Muslim
the Qadianis, Khilafatists and other were present on
League appointed an eight-member committee under
the occasion.
the presidentship of Raja Syed Muhammad Mehndi of
Pirpur that presented its report on November 15, 1938. 40. Who drafted the Constitution of Muslim League,
It tried to dig out the cruelties of the Congress ministries ‘The Green book’?
in seven provinces. It was called Pirpur report. The (a) Rehmat Ali (b) Muhammad Iqbal
Muslim League in March, 1939 deputed Mr. S. M. (c) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Shareef with members to investigate the injustices
(d) Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar
under the dictatorial rule of the Hindus. This report
mainly collected the facts, concentrating on ill treatment UPSC CDS Ist 2010
of the government with the Muslims in Bihar. The Ans-(d) The Constitution of Muslim League, ‘The Green
Muslims suffering under Congress rule report was Book’ was drafted by Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar.
prepared and presented by Fazl-ul-Haq in 1940. The book consist of the principles of the Muslim League.
History of Modern India 153 YCT

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18.
Muslim League-Structure
and Function
1. In 1906 Muslim League was founded at- 5. MLNG was the private militia of which of the
(a) Lahore (b) Delhi following party?
(c) Calcutta (d) Dhaka (a) Indian National Congress
(b) Forward Block
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1992
(c) Justice Party
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
(d) All India Muslim League
J & K PSC 2021 Paper-(I)
UPPSC ACF Mains 2021 Paper-I
Ans-(d) On December 30, 1906, around 3000 delegates of
which 56 were temporary members attended a conference Ans. (d) : The MLNG was a private paramilitary
of the Muhammadan Educational Conference at Dhaka in organization of the All India Muslim League. The
Muslim League was founded on 30 December 1906 in
which the ban on politics was removed and a motion was
Dhaka under the leadership of Aga Khan, Nawab
moved to form the All India Muslim League (AIML). The Salimullah and Mohsin-ul-Mulk. Waqar-ul-Mulk was
name was proposed by Nawab Khawaja Sir Salimullah the first president of the Muslim League.
Bahadur and seconded by Hakim Ajmal Khan. The
founding meeting was hosted by Nawab Khwaja 6. The Muslim League started its annual
convention on regular basis from–
Salimullah. The AIML was the first Muslim political party
of India. Lucknow was the headquarter of All India (a) 1916 AD (b) 1919 AD
Muslim League. Nawab Mohasin-ul-Mulk and Nawab (c) 1924 AD (d) 1925 AD
Waqar-ul-Mulk were jointly appointed as the Secretary of (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
the Muhammadan Educational Conference. Nawab 66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre)
Waqar-ul-Mulk Mushtaq Hussain was the first president of Ans. (d): All India Muslim league was established in
Muslim League. 1906 at Dacca. Its first session was held in 1907.
2. At which place Muslim League was formed in However its regular annual sessions started since 1928.
1906. 8. Where was held the first session of Muslim
(a) Multan (b) Dhaka League?
(c) Deoband (d) Peshawar (a) Dacca (b) Calcutta
UK RO-ARO (Pre) 2021 (c) Lahore (d) Karachi
Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above Himachal PSC (Pre) 2016
question. Ans-(d) To safeguard the rights of Muslims, Muslim
League was founded in 1906 at Dhaka. The first session
3. The first President of Muslim League was-
of All India Muslim League was held in Karachi on
(a) Nawab Waqar-ul-Mulk Mushtaq Hussain December 29, 1907 and was presided over by Adamjee
(b) Miya Abdul Ajiz Peerbhoy.
(c) Hidayat Hussain 9. The annual session of Muslim League in the year
(d) Mohammad Ali Jinnah 1907 was held at-
Chattisgarh PCS (Pre) 2015 (a) Dhaka (b) Karachi
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (c) Aligarh (d) Lucknow
UP Lower (Pre) 2008
4. All India Muslim League was founded in the
year- Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) 1905 (b) 1904 10. Assertion (A): Soon after the resignation of the
Congress ministries in the Provinces in 1939, the
(c) 1907 (d) 1906
Muslim League observed a 'Deliverance Day'.
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2014 Reason (R): B. R. Ambedkar supported and
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. joined it.
History of Modern India 149 YCT
 In the context of the two statements, which of Ans-(a) After the announcement of the partition of
the following is correct? Bengal, a delegation of Muslims under the leadership of
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Aga Khan met the then Viceroy Lord Minto on October
explanation of A 1, 1906 and demanded a special status for Muslims in
central, provincial and local elections. Minto assured
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct the Muslims that their political rights and interests
explanation of A would be protected.
(c) A is true but R is false 13. Who among the following had given the idea of a
(d) A is false but R is true separate nation for Muslims?
Manipur PSC-2016 (a) Mohammad Ali Jinnah (b) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
Ans. (b): Deliverance Day was Muslim League's (c) Sir Mohammad Iqbal (d) Liaqat Ali Khan
observance of December 22, 1939 as mark of relief on UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2003
the resignation of all provincial Congress Ministries of Ans-(c) Muhammad Iqbal (1877-1938) who articulated
British India. They resigned in mass protesting the Muslim political separatism in his presidential address
Viceroy's decision to make India a party to the Second to the annual session of the All India Muslim League at
World War without duly consulting Indians. The Allahabad held in 1930. He expressed the wish that: “I
Congress criticised this move of the league and would like to see the Punjab, North-West Frontier
Mahatma Gandhi appealed to Jinnah to desist from Province, Sind and Baluchistan amalgamated into a
observing this day. The Day of Deliverance was single state. Self-government within the British Empire
celebrated in many parts of India by Muslim League or without the British Empire, the formation of a
supporters, as well as some non-Muslim Congress consolidated North-West Indian Muslim State appears
opponents. The latter included the All- India Depressed to me to be the final destiny of the Muslims, at least of
North-West India.” He also wrote the song “Saare Jahan
Classes Association, Dalit leader B.R. Ambedkar and
Se Achcha.”
the Independent Labour Party leaders E.V. Ramasamy
of the justice party as well as some Parsis, and Anglo- 14. A separate homeland for Muslims found for the
Indians. Hence, both A and R are true but R is not the first time a definite expression-
correct explanation of A. (a) In the Presidential Speech of Iqbal at the
Allahabad Session of Muslim League (1930).
11. Who among the following founded All India
Muslim League? (b) In the Cambridge Pamphlet
(a) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan (c) In the Lahore Session of Muslim League in 1940
(b) Sir Mohammad Iqbal (d) None of the above
(c) Agha Khan UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2013
(d) Nawab Salimullah Khan Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
BPSC (Pre) 1996 15. Who among the following first put forward the
proposal for a separate Muslim state in India?
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2004-05
(a) Agha Khan (b) M.A. Jinnah
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2007
(c) Liaqat Ali Khan (d) Mohammad Iqbal
UPPCS (M) G.S. Ist Paper 2006
UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2014
Ans-(d) The founders of the Muslim League were :
Nawab Khwaja Salimullah , Waqar-ul-Mulk, Syed Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Amir Ali, Syed Nabiullah, Khan Bahadur Ghulam and 16. Who authored ‘Sare Jahan Se Achcha’?
Mustafa Chowdhury. The first Honorary President of the (a) Maulana Azad (b) Mohammad Iqbal
League was Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah (Aga Khan III). (c) Raghupati Sahai (d) Mirza Ghalib
12. The Muslim deputation met Minto in 1906 at MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1999
Shimla and pleaded for- Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Separate electorate for Muslims 17. Who wrote the pamphlet ‘Now or Never’?
(b) A composite electorate (a) Mohammad Ali Jinnah (b) Mohammad Iqbal
(c) Higher representation to the Hindus (c) Rehmat Ali (d) Khafi Khan
(d) Special representation to Muslim by nomination (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
BPSC (Pre) 2003-04 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
History of Modern India 150 YCT
Ans-(c) The pamphlet titled ‘Now or Never : Are We to 23. Who among the following led the movement for
Live or Perish Forever?’ was authored by the student of the separate state of Pakistan?
Cambridge University, Chaudhary Rehmat Ali in 1933. (a) Agha Khan (b) Nawab Salimullah
The word ‘Pakistan’ was primarily used by him in this (c) Liaqat Ali Khan (d) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
letter. BPSC (Pre) 1992-93
18. Who among the following had primarily used the Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
word ‘Pakistan’ for separate state of Indian 24. When did Muslim League celebrate the ‘Pakistan
Muslims? Day’?
(a) Sir Mohammad Iqbal (a) 25 April 1920 (b) 5 February 1922
(b) Sir Agha Khan (c) 14 July 1942 (d) 23 March 1943
(c) M. A. Jinnah UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2008
(d) Chaudhary Rehmat Ali and his friends Ans-(d) On March 23, 1940 the annual session of All
India Muslim League was held at Lahore under the
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 1996
chairmanship of Mohammad Ali Jinnah in which
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Khaliq-uz-Zaman proposed the resolution of demand of
19. In which of the following session of Muslim Pakistan as a separate Muslim nation. The resolution
League the ‘two-nation theory’ was propounded? was drafted by Sikandar Hayat Khan. In the same
session, the resolution for the formation of a separate
(a) Lahore Session, 1940 (b) Bombay Session, 1915 Muslim Nation ‘Pakistan’ was passed and in the
(c) Delhi Session, 1918 (d) Calcutta Session, 1917 commemoration of this day Muslim League celebrated
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2009-10 the ‘Pakistan Day’ on March 23, 1943.
Ans-(a) The annual session of All India Muslim League 25. Who has moved a resolution for the creation of
was held on March 23, 1940 at Lahore in which Pakistan in the Muslim League Session of 1940?
Jinnah’s ‘two nation theory’ was recognized. The draft (a) M. A. Jinnah (b) Mohammad Iqbal
of two nation theory was prepared by Sikandar Hayat (c) Rehmat Ali (d) Khaliq-uz-Zaman
Ali and was presented by Fazal-ul-Haq on March 23, UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000
1940. The session was presided over by Mohammad Ali Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Jinnah. The session is famous for the ‘demand of 26. The ‘Pakistan Resolution’ was drafted by-
Pakistan’ apart from India as a separate Muslim Nation. (a) Rehmat Ali (b) Sikandar Hayat Khan
20. Who took the Chairmanship of Lahore Session (c) Muhammad Ali Jinnah (d) Fazlul Haque
(1940) of Muslim League? Jharkhand PCS (Pre) G.S. Ist 2016
(a) Liyaquat Ali Khan Ans-(b) Pakistan Resolution was first called the Lahore
(b) Chaudhary Khaliq-uz-Zaman resolution which afterward became the Pakistan
(c) Mohammad Ali Jinnah Resolution, was presented on March 24, 1940. This
resolution was drafted by Sikandar Hayat Khan and
(d) Fatimah Jinnah
presented on 23 March, 1940 by Fazlul Haque. This
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2013 was a statement drafted by 25 members of the working
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. committee of All Indian Muslim League and it was
drafted between March 22, 1940 and March 24, 1940. It
21. The Muslim League annual session which gave effect was presented by Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
to Jinnah’s Two Nation Theory was held in-
27. Which of the following date was fixed as ‘Direct
(a) Lahore (b) Karachi Action Day’ by Muslim League?
(c) Bombay (d) Lucknow (a) 13 August 1946 (b) 14 August 1946
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012 (c) 15 August 1946 (d) 16 August 1946
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007
22. The resolution demanding the formation of UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. Ist 2008
Pakistan was passed by Muslim League in the UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2010
year- Ans-(d) With an aim of spreading riots, August 16,
(a) 1939 (b) 1940 (c) 1941 (d) 1942 1946 was fixed as the ‘Direct Action Day’ and it turned
into the “Great Calcutta Killing”. This date started the
BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
week of long Knives and following this day, 6000
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012 Hindus and Muslims stabbed, shot and battered each
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. other and 20 thousand were maimed and raped.
History of Modern India 151 YCT
28. On whose call was the ‘Muslim Deliverance Day’ Ans-(d) Mohammad Ali Jinnah was the supporter of
celebrated by the Muslim League? ‘Two Nation Theory’ and presided over Lahore session
(a) Liaqat Ali Khan (b) Mohammad Ali Jinnah of Muslim League in 1940. He did not participate in
(c) Mazhar-ul-Haq (d) Chaudhary Khaliquzzaman Non-Cooperation Movement.
UPPSC Food Safety Inspector Exam 2013 32. With reference to the Indian freedom struggle, which
Ans-(b) "Day of Deliverance" was a celebration day one of the following statements is not correct?
marked by Muslim League and others on December 22, (a) Hakim Ajmal Khan was one of the leaders to
1939 during the Indian Independence movement. It was start a nationalist and militant Ahrar movement
led by Muslim League President, Muhammad Ali
Jinnah and intended to rejoice the resignation of all (b) When the Indian National Congress was
members of the rival Congress party from provincial formed, Sayyid Ahmad Khan opposed it
and central offices in protest as they not have been (c) The All-India Muslim League which was
consulted over the decision to enter World War formed in 1906 vehemently opposed the
II alongside Great Britain. partition of Bengal and separate electorates
29. The Day of Deliverance was celebrated by Muslim (d) Maulana Barkatullah and Maulana Ubaidullah
League in- Sindhi were among those who formed a
(a) 1939 (b) 1942 (c) 1946 (d) 1947 Provisional Government of India in Kabul
RAS/RTS (Pre) Spl. 2002
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2002
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(c) The All India Muslim League was founded at
30. Consider the following statements- Dacca (now Dhaka, Bangladesh) in the Bengal
Assertion (A): The League refused to accept the Presidency in 1906. It supported the partition of Bengal
right to apply for the fulfillment of the goal along to provide majority to the Muslims after partition.
with Muslim community of Congress.
33. In which of the following sessions of Muslim
Reason (R): Such right existed with Muslim
League, M. A. Jinnah put forth his 14 point
League only.
proposal?
Choose the correct answer from the code given
(a) 1927 (b) 1928 (c) 1929 (d) 1930
below-
UPPCS (Mains) Ist Paper G.S. 2015
(a) A and R both are correct and R is the correct
explanation of A Ans-(c) On March 28, 1929 the Muslim League session
(b) A and R both are correct but R is not the correct was held at Delhi under the presidency of Mohammad
explanation of A Ali Jinnah. In his address to his delegates, he
(c) A is true but R is false consolidated Muslim viewpoints under fourteen points
and these fourteen points became Jinnah's 14 points.
(d) A is false but R is true
The Fourteen Points were proposed by Muhammad Ali
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2002
Jinnah as a constitutional reform plan to safeguard the
Ans-(c) The Muslim League was formed in the context political rights of Muslims in a self-governing
of communal political polarization. At the time of India. Jinnah produced his fourteen points in response
Shimla Conference, Muslim leaders have planned to
to the Nehru Report in 1929. Jinnah wanted separate
found a central Muslim assembly, whose purpose is to
protect the interests of Muslims only. As a result Muslim electorates in the British Indian Government,
Muslim League was founded on December 30, 1906. So that the Muslims could have representation of 1/3 in
The Muslim League believed that it is the only party every decision made by the Government of India. The
which has the right to work for the Muslim population. Nehru report said that, there should be joint electorates
While the Muslim League was just a party like the which were automatically declared as against the
Congress which had the same political right as the other Muslims of India and hence they opposed it. That is
parties had including the Congress. why Jinnah produced his fourteen points.
31. Which of the following statement is not true in 34. Who amongst the following presided over the All
context of Mohammad Ali Jinnah? parties Muslim Conference held at Delhi on 31th
(a) He was supporter of ‘Two Nation Theory’ December, 1928?
(b) He presided over Lahore session of Muslim (a) Aga Khan (b) M. A. Jinnah
League in 1940 (c) Faizli Hussain (d) Karim Jalal
(c) He did not participate in Non-Cooperation Movement UPPCS (Mains) Ist Paper G.S. 2015
(d) He always used to keep a diary Ans-(a) The All Parties Muslim Conference held at Delhi
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2010 on December 31, 1928 was presided over by Agha Khan.
History of Modern India 152 YCT
 35. Who blamed Mohammed Ali Jinnah the most for 38. In which province Muslim League formed
the partition of India? government after 1946 election?
(a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Irwin (a) Bengal (b) North-West Province
(c) Lord Linlithgow (d) Lord Mountbatten (c) Punjab (d) Bihar
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2002-03 RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2008
Ans-(d) Lord Mountbatten blamed Mohammad Ali Ans-(a) Muslim League formed government in Bengal
Jinnah the most for the partition of India. Jinnah's under Fazlul Haq with an alliance of Krishak Praja
dogma was responsible for the partition of India. Party in the elections of 1946. By the December 1946,
36. From 1906 to 1920, the role of Md. Ali Jinnah the elections to the Constituent assembly had taken
during freedom struggle of India was- place. On 6 December 1946, the constituent assembly
(a) Separatist (b) Fundamentalist met for the first time. The members of the constituent
assembly were elected by the provincial assemblies by
(c) Nationalist (d) Nationalist and Secular
method of single transferable vote system of
Uttarakhand RO/ARO (Pre) 2016
proportional representations. Total membership of the
Ans-(d) The prominent leader of Muslim League and constituent assembly was 389, out of which 292 were
founder of Pakistan, Mohammed Ali Jinnah was born the representatives of the states, 93 were representatives
on December 25, 1876 in Karachi, now in Pakistan. He of princely states and 4 were from the Chief
studied at Bombay University and at Lincoln's Inn in Commissioners provinces of Delhi, Ajmer-Mewar,
London. He then ran a successful legal practice in Coorg and British Baluchistan. The elections for the
Bombay. He was already a member of the Indian 296 seats assigned to the British Indian provinces were
National Congress, which was working for autonomy completed by July-August 1946. Congress won 208
from British rule, when he joined the Muslim League in seats and Muslim league won 73 seats. The leader of
1913. In 1909, he was elected as Muslim representative Muslim League in Bengal and Chief Minister of the
from Bombay in the Imperialist Legislative Council. In province was Hussain Suhrawardy.
1914, he went to London as the representative of Indian
National Congress. So we can say that the role of 39. The Session of All Parties Muslim Conference
Jinnah from 1906 to 1920 during freedom struggle of held at Delhi on 31st December, 1928 was
India was nationalist and secular. presided over by:
37. Consider the following reports connected with (a) Aga Khan (b) Mohd. Shafi
Muslim grievances in the Congress administered (c) Mohd. Ali Jinnah (d) Fajii Hussain
provinces: OPSC (OCS)-2018 Paper-I
1. Pirpur Report Ans. (a): All Indian Muslim Conference held at Delhi
2. Shareef Report between the dates of 31st December 1928 and 1st
3. Muslim sufferings under Congress rule. January 1929.
Select the correct chronological order of the • The conference was held under the Presidentship of
reports from the code given below: Sir Sultan Mohammed Shah (Aga Khan) with Fazal
Codes: Rahimtoola being its secretary.
(a) 1, 2, 3 (b) 2, 1, 3 (c) 3, 1, 2 (d) 1, 3, 2 • Representatives from across India including Assam,
UP Lower (Pre) 2013 Bengal, Bombay, Central Provinces, Delhi, Madras,
NWFP, Sindh, United Provinces and groups such as
Ans-(a) On March 28, 1938, the Council of Muslim
the Qadianis, Khilafatists and other were present on
League appointed an eight-member committee under
the occasion.
the presidentship of Raja Syed Muhammad Mehndi of
Pirpur that presented its report on November 15, 1938. 40. Who drafted the Constitution of Muslim League,
It tried to dig out the cruelties of the Congress ministries ‘The Green book’?
in seven provinces. It was called Pirpur report. The (a) Rehmat Ali (b) Muhammad Iqbal
Muslim League in March, 1939 deputed Mr. S. M. (c) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Shareef with members to investigate the injustices
(d) Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar
under the dictatorial rule of the Hindus. This report
mainly collected the facts, concentrating on ill treatment UPSC CDS Ist 2010
of the government with the Muslims in Bihar. The Ans-(d) The Constitution of Muslim League, ‘The Green
Muslims suffering under Congress rule report was Book’ was drafted by Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar.
prepared and presented by Fazl-ul-Haq in 1940. The book consist of the principles of the Muslim League.
History of Modern India 153 YCT

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 19.
Delhi Darbar and Revoke
of Bengal Partition
1. Which among the following organisations was Ans-(b) The Partition of Bengal was cancelled in 1911.
responsible for throwing a bomb at Viceroy It was cancelled by Lord Hardinge II. It is significant
Lord Hardinge in Delhi? that, Bengal was partitioned in 1905. Bengal was
(a) All India Labour Association partitioned for the second time in 1947 as a part of the
(b) Yugantar Partition of India.
(c) United Patriotic Association 6. The capital of India was transferred from
(d) Anushilan Samiti Calcutta to Delhi in the year-
UPPCS (Pre) 2023 (a) 1901 (b) 1905 (c) 1911 (d) 1912
Ans. (d) : Anushilan Samiti was involved in bombing at Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2006
Viceroy Lord Hardinge in Delhi. In 1912, UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. Ist Paper 2008
revolutionaries of Anushilan Samiti, led by Ras Behari Ans-(c) King George V of Britain came to India during
Bose tried to assassinate the Viceroy Charles Hardinge. the time of Lord Hardinge II. On December 12, 1911
Basant Kumar Biswas threw the crude bomb at Harding A.D. a grand court was organized in Delhi. Here an
who was sitting on an elephant. announcement was made to cancel the Partition of
Bengal and transfer of the capital of India from Calcutta
2. In which year was Delhi declared as the Capital to Delhi. In 1912 AD Delhi became the capital of India.
of India?
(a) 1906 (b) 1908 7. Where was the capital of India prior to Delhi
under British period?
(c) 1911 (d) 1927 (a) Calcutta (b) Bombay (c) Patna (d) Lucknow
Nagaland PSC (NCS) Pre-2017 MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1995
Ans. (c): Delhi was declared as the Capital of India by Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
the British king George V on December 12, 1911 8. Delhi became the capital of India in-
replacing Calcutta (Now Kolkata). The reason for (a) 1910 (b) 1911 (c) 1916 (d) 1923
changing the country capital is said to be the convenient Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
geographical location of Delhi. However, the capital Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
was inaugurated by the then Viceroy of India, Lord 9. The transfer of capital of British India from
Irwin, in 1931 after the construction of the city was Calcutta to Delhi was affected during the period of-
completed. (a) Lord Minto (b) Lord Hardinge
3. The unification of Bengal was completed in the (c) Lord Chelmsford (d) Lord Reading
year- UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
(a) 1905 (b) 1908 UP Lower (Pre) 2008
(c) 1913 (d) 1912 Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S 1991 10. The movement for separate provinces in Bihar,
Ans-(d) The announcement of partition of Bengal was which resulted in the formation of the new
made on July 19, 1905 by then Viceroy of India, Lord province of Bihar and Orissa in the year 1911,
Curzon (1899-1905) and came into effect on October was led by-
16, 1905 and later on December 12, 1911 King George (a) Sachchidanand Sinha (b)Anugrah Narayan Sinha
V abolished the division of Bengal in a Darbar (c) J. B. Kriplani (d) Birsa Munda
organized at Delhi and also shifted the capital of India BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
from Calcutta to Delhi. However the unification of Ans-(a) Sachchidanand Sinha was an Indian lawyer,
Bengal was completed in the year 1912. parliamentarian and journalist. He led the movement for
4. When was Bengal again unified due to protests of separate province in Bihar which resulted in the
Indians? formation of the new province of Bihar and Orissa in
(a) 1905 (b) 1911 the year 1911.
(c) 1947 (d) 1971 11. Which statement regarding 1912
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2009-10 reorganization of provinces is correct?
Ans-(b) To appease Bengali sentiment, Bengal was (a) Reunion of East and West Bengal
reunited by Lord Hardinge in 1911, in response to the (b) Creation of a province uniting Assam and
Bihar
Swadeshi movement's riots in protest against the policy. (c) Separation of Assam and Orissa
5. When was the cancellation of partition of Bengal (d) Creation of a province uniting Assam and
announced? Orissa Manipur PSC-2013
(a) 1909 (b) 1911
(c) 1913 (d) 1916 Ans. (a): Reunion of East and West Bengal statement
BPSC (Pre) 2007-08 regarding 1912 reorganization of provinces is correct.
History of Modern India 154 YCT

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 20.
Lucknow Pact
1. The understanding made between the Muslim Ans. (c): In the Lucknow session of the Congress, held
League and the Indian National Congress in in 1916, the Moderates and Extremist were reunited.
1916 was the
In this session Lucknow Pact was also made which was an
(a) Khilafat Pact agreement between the Indian National Congress and the
(b) Lucknow Pact All Indian Muslim League, on a separate communal
(c) Lahore Pact electorate. The pact formally established communal
politics in India.
(d) Madras Pact
Mizoram PSC (Pre) 2023 5. In which year Congress, Muslim League came to an
agreement popularly known as 'Lucknow Pacts?
Ans. (b) : The Lucknow Pact was a significant
agreement between the All Indian Muslim League (a) 1914 (b) 1915 (c) 1916 (d) 1917
(AIML) and Indian National Congress in 1916. This Nagaland NCS Pre-2019
pact made understanding between both parties and
muslim league leaders agreed to join the congress Ans. (c) : Kindly refer the explanation of the above
movement demanding Indian autonomy. question.
2. By which of the following pacts did the Indian 6. Who among the following was the chief architect
Congress and Muslim League come together to or reconciliation between the Extremists and the
put up a joint scheme of political reforms? Moderates?
(a) Lucknow Pact, 1916
(a) Annie Besant (b) M. A. Jinnah
(b) Lahore Pact, 1929
(c) Madam Cama (d) Firoz Shah Mehta
(c) Gandhi-Irwin Pact, 1931
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2004
(d) Poona Pact, 1932
Ans-(a) The joint efforts of Tilak and Annie Besant led
Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022 to an agreement between the Congress and the Muslim
Ans. (a) : Kindly refer the explanation of above League which is called ‘Lucknow Pact’ or 'Congress
questions. League Pact'. In this session, the Extremists and
Moderates were reunited. In the same session, the
3. The Lucknow Pact (1916) was signed by
demand of Muslim League for separate electorate was
(a) Home Rule League and the Muslim League accepted. The Lucknow Session of Indian National
(b) Swarajya Dal and the Indian National Congress was presided over by A. C. Majumdar.
Congress 7. Who among the following presided over the
(c) Muslim League and the Indian Association Lucknow annual session of Indian National
(d) Indian National Congress and the Muslim Congress held in 1916?
League (a) Annie Besant (b) Lala Lajpat Rai
Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022 (c) Motilal Nehru (d) A. C. Majumdar
Ans. (d) : Kindly refer the explanation of above UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2009
question. UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006, 2010, 2013
4. At which session of the Congress in 1916 the Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Moderates and Extremists were reunited?
8. The President of the Moderate faction of
(a) Surat (b) Madras
Congress Session in Lucknow (1916), who
(c) Lucknow (d) Jaipur welcomed Tilak and his supporters back into
Nagaland NCS Pre-2019 the Congress, was :

History of Modern India 155 YCT

 (a) Ambika Charan Mazumdar Ans-(a & c)
(b) Annie Besant Lucknow Pact - 1916
(c) Abdul Kalam Azad Gandhi-Irwin Pact - 1931
(d) Lajpat Rai Liaquat Ali – Bhulabhai Desai Pact - 1945
Himachal Pradesh PCS (Pre) 2018
Shimla Pact - 1972
Ans (a) : The President of the Moderate faction of
Poona Pact - 1932
Congress Session in Lucknow (1916), who welcomed
Tilak and his supporters back into the Congress, was 13. Which implication took place in Lucknow session
Ambika Charan Mazumdar. of Indian National Congress in 1916?
9. Who made the agreement between Muslim (a) Separate electorate demand of Muslim League
League and Congress in 1916? was accepted
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (b) Annie Besant (b) Temporary merger of Muslim League and
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru (d) Gokhale Congress occurred
UP Lower (Pre) 2004 (c) A Muslim person was elected as President of
Congress
Ans-(a) Lucknow Pact, (December 1916), agreement
made by the Indian National Congress headed by (d) None of the above
Maratha leader Bal Gangadhar Tilak and the All India
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1994
Muslim League led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah; was
adopted by the Congress at its Lucknow Session on Ans-(a) Congress agreed to the demand of separate
December 29 and by the league on December 31, 1916. electorates for Muslims in electing representatives to the
10. In December, 1916 both Indian National Congress Imperial and Provincial Legislative Councils in Lucknow
and Indian Muslim League held their session at- session of Indian National Congress held in 1916.
(a) Aligarh (b) Allahabad 14. The Congress for the first time accepted the system
(c) Lucknow (d) Lahore of separate electorate for Muslims in the year-
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2004 (a) 1909 (b) 1916
Ans-(c) The Lucknow Pact, 1916 was an important (c) 1931 (d) 1932
recourse towards achieving Hindu-Muslim unity. The RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. Re-Exam 1999-2000
annual session of both the Indian National Congress and the
Muslim League was held in December, 1916 in Lucknow. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above
question.
11. The famous ‘Lucknow Pact’ was signed between
the Congress and Muslim League in- 15. Which one of the following represents period of
unanimity between Indian National Congress and
(a) 1913 (b) 1914 (c) 1915 (d)1916
Muslim League?
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006, 2010 (a) 1906-1911 (b) 1916-1922
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above (c) 1917-1921 (d) 1940-1946
question.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992
12. Which of the following pair (pact and year) is
correctly matched? Ans-(b) The period of 1916-1922 represents unanimity
between Indian National Congress and Muslim League.
(a) Lucknow Pact - 1916
Lucknow Pact of 1916 was just a temporary agreement
(b) Gandhi-Irwin Pact - 1932 between both of them. Despite of this pact, Muslim
(c) Liaquat Ali – Bhulabhai Desai Pact - 1945 League had maintained its separate existence and
advocated separate Muslim rights. Both the parties
(d) Shimla Pact - 1946
executed according to the Lucknow Pact till 1922 but
(e) Poona Pact - 1947 the pact got dissolved with Non-Cooperation Movement
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2017 and Muslim League opted its own and old ideology.

History of Modern India 156 YCT

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21.
Home Rule Movement
1. In which of the following newspapers did 4. Annie Besant is mostly associated with-
Annie-Besant present her thoughts about (a) Civil Disobedience Movement
Home Rule Movement? (b) Home Rule Movement
1. New India 2. Commonweal (c) Khilafat Movement
3. Bombay Gazette 4. Telegraph (d) Non-Cooperation Movement
(a) a and b only (b) b and c only UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2010
(c) a and d only (d) a, b and c only
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
MH PSC (Pre) 2023
5. Who, apart from Mrs. Annie Besant, also
Ans. (a) : Annie-Besant presented her thoughts her
launched the Home Rule Movement?
articles in the newspaper commonweal in 1915 and
New-India about Home Rule Movement. The aim of (a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
home rule movement was attainment of home rule or a (b) Balwant Phadke
dominian status for India. (c) Madan Mohan Malviya
2. Consider the statements regarding the Home (d) Lala Hardayal
Rule League. Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
A. S. Subramaniya Iyer was one associate Ans. (a) : The movement lasted around two years
ofAnnie Besant. between 1916-1918 and is believed to have set the stage
B. It started on behalf of the Indian National for the independence movement under the leadership of
Congress. Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak to the educated
C. It changed its name to Swarajya sabha. English speaking upper class Indians.
D. Its flag had the Union Flag on it.
Which of the following are correct? 6. Who were the two prominent leaders of Home
(a) 1,2 and 3 (b) 2,3 and 4 Rule League?
(c) 1,3 and 4 (d) Only 1and 2 (a) Tilak and Annie Besant
Odisha PSC (Pre) 2023 (b) Tilak and Feroz Shah Mehta
(c) Annie Besant and B.C. Pal
Ans. (c) : Home rule league was started by Tilak at
Belgaum and Annie Besant at Madras in 1916. S. (d) B.C. Pal and Tilak
Subramania Iyer, along with Annie Besant founded the Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2011
Home Rule movement. It was started on the lines of the Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explantion of above queston.
Irish Home Rule movement. In 1920, the All India 7. Annie Besant was-
Home rule league changed its name to Swarajya Sabha. 1. responsible for starting the Home Rule
The Flag of Home Rule league had five alternate red Movement
and four green horizontal stripes and seven stars in the 2. the founder of the Theosophical Society
Saptarishi configuration. A white crescent and star
occupied one top corner and the other had Union jack. 3. once the President of the Indian National
Hence, except statement-II, rest all statements are correct. Congress
Select the correct statement/statements using the
3. Which one of the following Muslim leaders
joined the Home Rule League founded by codes given below.
Annie Besant? (a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(a) Muhammad Iqbal (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
(b) Muhammad Ali Jinnah IAS (Pre) G.S. 2013
(c) Abul Kalam Azad Ans-(c) Annie Besant had become the head of the
(d) Syed Ahmad Khan Theosophical Society, based in Adyar, Madras. It was a
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I religious movement founded by the Russian, Madame
Ans. (b) : Muhammad Ali Jinnah joined the Home Rule Blavatsky and Henry Olcott not by Besant herself.
League founded by Annie Besant. Home Rule means Hence statement 2 is incorrect. Statement 3 is correct
that the country is administered by the citizens of the
because Annie Besant became the first woman
country. This movement was inspired by the home rule
movement of Ireland that existed in 1870. But in India - President of Calcutta Session of Indian National
Annie Besant’s Home Rule started in September 1916 Congress held in 1917. Annie Besant had formed and
AD from Adyar (Madras) and Bal Gangadhar Tilak’s led the Home Rule Movement as she was influenced by
Home Rule movement on 28th April 1916 AD from the Irish Home Rule League. Hence Statement 1 is also
Belgaum (Pune). correct.
History of Modern India 157 YCT
8. Who among the following was a proponent of 14. The Home Rule League of Tilak and Annie
Fabianism as a movement? Besant was merged into one in-
(a) Annie Besant (a) 1916 (b) 1918
(b) A. O. Hume (c) 1920 (d) 1923
(c) Michael Madhusudan Dutt Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2002-03
(d) R. Palme Dutt Ans-(b) The two Home Rule Leagues founded by Tilak
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005 in April, 1916 and Annie Besant in September, 1916
Ans-(a) Annie Besant (1847-1923) was a prominent were merged into one in 1918. The All India Home
proponent of Fabian Movement. The Fabian Society League ended in 1920, when it elected Mahatma
was a British socialist intellectual movement best Gandhi as its President and within a year it merged into
known for its initial ground-breaking work beginning in the Indian National Congress.
the late 19th century and then up to World War-I. 15. Who among the following was not associated with
Fabianism focused on the advancement of socialist Home Rule Movement?
ideas through gradual influence and patiently (a) C. R. Das (b) S. Subrahmaniam Iyer
insinuating socialist ideology into intellectual circles (c) Annie Besant (d) B. G. Tilak
and groups with power. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2010
9. Who first launched the Home Rule Movement? Ans-(a) C. R. Das was not associated with Home Rule
(a) Annie Besant (b) Sarojini Naidu Movement. Bal Gangadhar Tilak started his Home Rule
(c) Surendra Nath Banerjee (d) Tilak League in April, 1916 while Annie Besant launched her
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991 Home Rule League in September, 1916. S.
Ans-(a) Annie Besant was first to launch the Home Subrahmaniam Iyer was associated with the Home Rule
Rule League Movement. It is notable that Bal League of Annie Besant.
Gangadhar Tilak started his Home Rule League on 16. Who among the following did not contributed to
April 28, 1916 with it’s headquarter at Pune and Annie Home Rule League?
Besant founded her Home Rule League on September (a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (b) Annie Besant
15, 1916 with its headquarter at Adyar, Madras. (c) S. Subrahmaniam Iyer (d) T. S. Alcott
10. Who from the following had established 'Home BPSC (Pre) 1995
Rule League'? Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Lala Lajpat Rai 17. Which of the following is not correct about the
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak Home Rule League?
(c) Annie Beasant (a) The plan was first presented in 1914-15 by
(d) Firoz Shah Mehta Annie Besant
UPPSC ACF-RFO Main I Paper 2019 (b) The Home Rule League of Tilak was confined
Ans. (c) : Kindly refer the explanation of above to Maharashtra, Karnataka, Central Province
question. and Berar
11. Who started the Home Rule Movement? (c) The Home Rule League founded by Tilak was
(a) Annie Besant (b) Lokmanya Tilak much stronger
(c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Sardar Patel (d) Despite the differences between Tilak and
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993 Besant, both the Leagues continued to exist
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2004
12. Two Home Rule Leagues were started in 1915-16 Ans-(d) The concept to found Home Rule League was
under the leadership of- primarily introduced by Annie Besant. The plan began
(a) Tilak and Annie Besant with the publication of the weekly magazine
(b) Tilak and Aurobindo Ghosh ‘Commonweal’ on January 2, 1914. The Home Rule
(c) Tilak and Lala Lajpat Rai League of Bal Gangadhar Tilak started in April, 1916
(d) Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal and was widely spread over Maharashtra (except
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994, 2003 Mumbai), Karnataka, Central Province and Berar while
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. the Home Rule League of Annie Besant was started in
13. When was Bal Gangadhar Tilak given the epithet September, 1916 and was spread in rest of India. The
of ‘Lokmanya’? objective of this movement was to attain self-
(a) Swadeshi Movement governance of India in the British empire. Both the
(b) Revolutionary Movement Leagues were complementary to each other so there was
(c) Home Rule Movement no dispute between Tilak and Besant. Hence option (d)
(d) Quit India Movement is incorrect.
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2012 18. The movement in India which became popular
Ans-(c) The name of Bal Gangadhar Tilak became a during the First World War was the-
household name during Home Rule Movement and this (a) Swadeshi and Boycott Movement
let him earn the epithet Lokmanya. The primary (b) Home Rule Movement
objective of the Home Rule Movement was (c) Separatist Movement
to achieve self-government within the British Empire (d) Swaraj Party Movement
through the use of constitutional means. UP Lower (Pre) 2008
History of Modern India 158 YCT
 Ans. (b) With an aim to pressurize British rule during Ans-(a) Home Rule League had six branches and the
First World War, Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar demands included ‘Swarajya’ (Home Rule), formation
Tilak launched the Home Rule Movement. In Congress, of linguistic states and education in the vernacular.
the Home Rule League introduced a new enthusiasm Besant’s League was set up in September 1916 in
which forced the British government to set a new policy Madras and covered the rest of India (including
that later came out as the Montagu announcement. Bombay city). It had 200 branches, was loosely
19. Home Rule Movement was symbol of starting a new organized as compared to Tilak’s League and had
phase of freedom movement in India because- George Arundale as the organizing secretary. The
(a) It put a perfect projection for the self- League campaign aimed to convey to the common man
government before the nation the message of Home Rule as self-government. The aim
(b) Leadership of the movement came in the hands was to be achieved by promoting political education and
of Gandhiji
discussion through public meetings, organizing libraries
(c) Hindus and Muslims started to struggle jointly
(d) It established coordination between extremists and reading rooms containing books on national
and moderates politics, holding conferences, organizing classes for
BPSC (Pre) 1996 students on politics, propaganda through newspapers,
Ans-(a) The Home Rule Movement was symbol of pamphlets, posters, illustrated post-cards, plays,
starting a new phase of freedom movement in India religious songs, etc., collecting funds, organizing social
because it put a perfect projection for the self- work, and participating in local government activities.
government before the nation. The objective of Home 23. Which of the following statements regarding
Rule League was to attain self-governance or home rule Home Rule Leagues in India are correct?
within the British Empire by constitutional means and 1. The movement was led by the moderate
also to educate and organize public opinion towards the Congress leaders.
achievement of the same. 2. There were two Home Rule Leagues.
20. In which conference could the Home Rule 3. The movement became strong, because other
supporters demonstrate their political power mass agitations could not be launched by the
successfully? Congress during the World War.
(a) Lucknow Session of Congress in 1916 4. The government was non-reactive to the
(b) All India Trade Union Conference held at movement.
Bombay in 1920 Select the correct answer using the code given
(c) First U.P. Farmers Association held in 1918 below:
(d) Joint A.I.T.U.C. and N.T.U. Sabha at Nagpur in (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4
1938 (c) 1 and 4 only (d) 2 and 3 only
BPSC (Pre) 1994 UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2011
Ans-(a) The Home Rule supporters successfully Ans-(d) The Home Rule League of Bal Gangadhar
demonstrated their political power in Lucknow Session
Tilak started at Belgaum in April, 1916 and he was the
of Indian National Congress held in 1916. It was due to
their efforts, the points of agreement between the two extremist leader of Congress. The objective of this
parties of Congress (extremists and moderates) was movement was self-governance of India in the British
reached and the Muslim League was found. The leaders Empire. The movement became strong, because other
of Home Rule, Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak mass agitations could not be launched by the Congress
played an important role in the Lucknow Pact of 1916. during the First World War. The government was
21. In 1920, which of the following changed its name reactive to the movement. In the response to Home Rule
to “Swarajya Sabha”? League Annie Basant was arrested in June 15, 1917.
(a) All India Home Rule League Along with her supporter G S Arundale and BP Wadia,
(b) Hindu Mahasabha Dr. Besant was kept in house arrest in
(c) South Indian Liberal Federation Udhagamandalam.
(d) The Servants of India Society 24. Consider the following statements:
IAS (Pre) 2018 1. B. G. Tilak founded the Home Rule League
Ans-(a) In 1920, the All India Home Rule League in April 1916 in Maharashtra.
elected Mahatma Gandhi as its president. Within a year, 2. N. C. Kelkar was not associated with Home
the body merged into the Indian National Congress to Rule Movement.
form a united Indian political front under name of Which of the statements given above is/are
‘Swaraj Sabha’. correct?
22. Which one of the following was NOT the feature (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
of the Home Rule movement in India? (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
(a) Boycott and picketing UPSC CDS Ist 2014
(b) Two separate Home-Rule Leagues rather than Ans-(a) The Home Rule League of Bal Gangadhar
one All-India Home-Rule Organization Tilak started at Belgaum, Maharashtra in April, 1916
(c) Setting up of discussion groups and reading and was widely spread over Maharashtra, Karnataka,
rooms Central Province and Berar. He appointed Joseph
(d) Sale and circulation of pamphlets "Kaka" Baptista the President of Home Rule League
and N. C. Kelkar as secretary of the League.
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2015
History of Modern India 159 YCT

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22.
START OF GANDHIAN PERIOD-
FROM SOUTH AFRICA TO
ROWLATT SATYAGRAHA
1. Consider the following statements about The (a) Non-Cooperation Movement
Rowlatt Satyagraha. (b) Bardoli Satyagraha
(1) The Rowlatt Satyagraha turned out to be (c) Ahmedabad Strike
the first all-India struggle against the British (d) Rowlatt Satyagraha
government although it was largely restricted 69th BPSC (Pre) 2023
to cities. Ans. (c) : Mahatma Gandhi used Satyagraha and hunger
(2) The Rowlatt Act curbed fundamental right strike as a weapon for the first time during an industrial
such as the freedom of expression and dispute between the owners and workers of a cotton
strengthened police powers. mill in Ahmedabad.
Choose the right option given below. 5. The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre happened on
(a) Both the statements (1) and (2) are correct which of the following days?
(b) Only the statement (1) is correct (a) 12th April 1919 (b) 13th April 1919
th
(c) Only the statement (2) is correct (c) 11 April 1919 (d) 14th April 1919
(d) None of the above Sikkim PSC (Pre) 2022
CGPSC (Pre) 2023 Ans.. (b) : The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place
Ans. (a) : The Rowlatt Satyagraha was the first fully on 13th April 1919.
nationwide anti-colonial uprising in India. It was largely 6. Which of the following was the main objective
restricted to cities. Hence, both statements are correct. of the 'Eka movement' in Awadh?
2. Who returned the ‘Knighthood’ title to the (a) Protection of the rights of landlords
British Government in reaction against (b) Conversion of taxes into cash
Jalianwala Bagh Massacre? (c) Opposition of the British Rule
(a) Md. Ali Jinnah (b) Rabindranath Tagore (d) Non-payment of taxes
(c) Rameshwar Singh (d) Shankaran Nair UPPSC (J) 2023
UPPCS Pre 2022 Ans. (d) : The Eka Movement was the movement of
Ans. (b) : Rabindranath Tagore had returned 'the Sir' Pasi tribal peasants against the British. The objective of
(Knighthood) title to British government because of this movement was to improve the poor peasants
Jalianwala Bagh Massacre, which occurred on 13th exploited under British rule. Peasants were forced to
April, 1919. give more rent than the stipulated and recorded rent. So,
under this movement, peasants refused to pay more than
3. To protest against British explotation of Indigo the recorded rent and renewal fees called Nazrana.
formers, Gandhiji started the
7. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
(a) Kheda satyagraha
answer from the code given below the lists.
(b) Champaran satyagraha List-I List-II
(c) Ahmedabad Mill Strike (Trade Unions) (Party Affiliation)
(d) Khilafat movement A. Bhartiya Majdoor 1. Indian National
Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022 Sangh Congress
Ans. (b) : Champaran Satyagrah was started by Mahatma B. Indian National 2. Communist Party of
Gandhi in 1917. It was the first Satyagraha movement Trade Union India
led by Mahatma Gandhi to protest against British Congress
exploitation of indigo farmers. C. United Trade 3. Communist Party of
4. In which of the following movements did Union Congress India (Marxist)
Mahatma Gandhi make the first use of the D. All India Trade 4. Bhartiya Janta Party
hunger strike as a weapon? Union Congress
History of Modern India 160 YCT
 Code: Ans. (c) The Sabarmati Ashram, formerly known as
A B C D 'Satyagraha Ashram’ was situated in Ahmedabad at the
(a) 2 4 3 1 Kocharab Bungalow of Jivanlal Desai, a barrister friend
of Mahatma Gandhi. Later on it was shifted to the banks
(b) 3 2 1 4
of Sabarmati river and then it came to be known as
(c) 1 3 2 4 'Sabarmati Ashram'.
(d) 4 1 3 2 11. The actual name of Sabarmati Ashram was-
UPPCS Pre 2022 (a) Gandhi Ashram (b) Satyagraha Ashram
(c) Phoenix Farm (d) Dandi Ashram
Ans. (d): Trade union Party affiliation
Uttarakhand RO/ARO 2016
Bhartiya Majdoor - Bhartiya Janta Party Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Sangh 12. Sabarmati Ashram, established by Mahatma
Indian National Trade - Indian National Congress Gandhi during India’s freedom struggle is
Union located on the outskirts of-
United Trade Union- Communist Party of India (a) Gandhinagar (b) Ahmedabad
Congress (Marxist) (c) Rajkot (d) Wardha
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2004-05
All India Trade Union – Communist Party of India Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Congress 13. While Rabindranath Tagore conferred the title
************ ‘Mahatma’ upon Gandhi who conferred the
8. When did Mahatma Gandhi established the title ‘Half -Naked Fakir’ on Gandhi?
Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad? (a) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(a) 1915 (b) 1916 (b) Sir Winston Churchill
(c) 1917 (d) 1918 (c) Presidents Roosevelt
(d) Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose
UPPSC ACF Mains 2021 Paper-I
Assam PSC (CCE) Pre-2021
Ans. (c) : On his return from South Africa, Gandhi’s
Ans. (b): Sir Winston Churchill referred Mahatma
first Ashram in India was established in the Kochrab Gandhi as the ‘half naked fakir’.
area of Ahmedabad on 25 May 1915. The Ashram was
14. The Champaran Movement was basically
then shifted on 17 June 1917 to a piece of open land on against:
the banks of the river Sabarmati. Reasons for this shift (a) Land revenue
included: he wanted to do some experiments in living (b) Cash crops
e.g, farming, animal husbandry, cow breeding, Khadi (c) Agricultural policies of the British
and related constructive activities, for which he was in Government
search of this kind of barren land. The Sabarmati (d) Land grants
Ashram (also known as Harijan Ashram) was home to (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Mohandas Gandhi from 1917 until 1930 and served as 66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre)
one of the main centres of the Indian freedom struggle. Ans. (b): The Champaran movement of 1917, was
Originally called the Satyagraha Ashram, reflecting the against the Tinkathia system of Indigo planters. So
movement toward passive resistance launched by the basically it was against cash crops.
Mahatma, the Ashram became home to the ideology 15. In which of the following colleges, Gandhi Ji
that set India free. had studied?
(a) Samaldas College, Bhavnagar
9. Gandhi founded the Sabarmati Ashram in May (b) Dharmendra singh ji College, Rajkot
1915, where he hoped to create, among 'a (c) Gujarat College, Ahmedabad
religious community on the traditional Hindu (d) Bahauddin College, Junagadh
Pattern', an environment conductive to the (e) None of the above/More than one of the
'spiritual deliverance' of his homeland. above
(a) Madras (b) Benares 66th BPSC 2020(pre)
(c) Calcutta (d) Ahmedabad Ans. (a) : Mahatma Gandhi had studied in Samaldas
Mizoram PSC-2021 Art College, Bhavnagar, Gujarat. Samaldas Art College
Ans. (d): Kindly refer the explanation of above was established in 1885 by Late Maharaja Sir
question. Takhtasinhji of Bhavnagar.
10. Mahatma Gandhi set up an Ashram on the banks 16. In Tinkathia System in Bihar, how much land
of Sabarmati near Ahmedabad known as- was to be reserved for indigo cultivation?
(a) Sabarmati Ashram (b) Harijan Ashram (a) 01/10 (b) 01/03
(c) Satyagraha Ashram (d) Swaraj Ashram (c) 03/20 (d) 03/25
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Chhattisgarh PCS (Pre) 2003
66th BPSC 2020(pre)
History of Modern India 161 YCT
Ans. (c): Tinkathiya System was the system under 22. Which of the statements given below about the
which the native farmers of Champaran in Bihar were Champaran Satyagraha is/are correct?
forced to cultivate indigo in 3 parts of land out of every 1. It was related to Indigo plantations.
20 parts of the land. This resulted into several revolts 2. It started because the European planters
and movements. oppressed the Zamindars.
17. Who drew Gandhiji's attention to the plight of Select the correct answer using the code given
indigo peasants in Champaran? below:
(a) Rajendra Prasad
(b) Anugarh Narayan Sinha (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Acharya Kripalani (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
(d) Raj Kumar Shukla UPSC CDS Ist 2011
(e) None of the above/More than one of the Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
above
23. In which year Rowlatt Act was passed?
66th BPSC 2020(pre)
(a) 1917 (b) 1918
Ans. (d) : Raj Kumar Shukla was an Indigo cultivator
of Champaran , Bihar. He had convinced Mahatma (c) 1919 (d) 1920
Gandhi to visit Champaran in Bihar to see the plight of Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
the cultivators under an oppressive system established Ans. (c): Rowlatt Act was passed in 1919 by Imperial
by European indigo planters. This led to the launch of Legislative Council of British India. The Act allowed
Champaran Satyagraha in 1917 by Gandhi ji. certain political cases to be tried without juries and
18. Which one of the following is associated with the permitted internment of suspects without trial.
Champaran Satyagraha of Mahatma Gandhi?
24. All India Harijan Society was started by
(a) Vallabhbhai Patel
(b) Madan Mohan Malviya (a) Babu Jagjivan Ram (b) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
(c) Shaukat Ali (c) M.K. Gandhi (d) Jyotiba Phule
(d) Rajkumar Shukla TSPSC Group-II Pre-2016
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006, 2016
Ans. (c): All India Harijan Samaj was founded by the
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
M.K. Gandhi in the year 1932 in Bombay. It is a non-
19. Who invited Gandhiji to Champaran? profit organization. It is working for Harijan or Dalit
(a) Rajendra Prasad (b) Raj Kumar Shukla people and Upliftment of the depressed class of India. It
(c) Mazharul Huq (d) Krishna Sahay is headquartered to Gandhi Ashram, Kingsway, Delhi
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above with the branches in 26 States.
64th BPSC (Pre)-2018-19
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 25. With reference to the British colonial rule in
20. Which of the following was Gandhiji's first India, consider the following statements:
Satyagraha Movement in India in which he 1. Mahatma Gandhi was Instrumental in the
used Civil Disobedience? abolition of the system of 'indentured labour'
(a) Champaran (b) Kheda 2. In Lord Chelmsford's 'War conference',
(c) Ahmedabad Mahatma Gandhi did not support the resolution
(d) Rowlatt Satyagraha on recruiting Indians for world War
(e) None of the above/More than one of the 3. Consequent upon the breaking of Salt Law by
above Indian people, the Indian National Congress
66th BPSC 2020(pre) was declared illegal by the colonial rulers
Ans. (a) The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was the Which of the statements given above are correct?
first Civil Disobedience Movement launched by
Mahatma Gandhi to protest against the injustice meted (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
out to tenant farmers in Champaran district of Bihar. (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
21. At which place Gandhi started his agitation to IAS (Pre) Exam-2019
protect the interests of Indigo Cultivators? Ans-(b) Mahatma Gandhi was instrumental in the
(a) Champaran (b) Kheda abolition of the system of indentured labour.
(c) Ahmedabad (d) Vadodara Consequent upon the breaking of Salt Law by Indian
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019 people, the Indian National Congress was declared
Ans. (a): The Champaran Satyagraha was a peasants illegal by the colonial rulers. Thus statements 1 and 3
uprising, led by Mahatma Gandhi in the Champaran both are correct but statement 2 is incorrect because in
district of Bihar. The farmers in this region had revolted Lord Chelmsford's 'War Conference' Mahatma Gandhi
against the British against the conditions that they supported the resolution on recruiting Indians for World
imposed on indigo cultivation. War.
History of Modern India 162 YCT
26. Who said that ‘‘Gandhi is the symbol of love 30. The Jallianwala massacre happened on:
and understanding in a world wild with hatred (a) 13th April 1918 (b) 13th April 1917
and torn by misunderstanding, He belongs to (c) 13th April 1919 (d) 13th April 1916
the ages, to history’’?
Haryana PCS Pre 2017
(a) U Thant (b) Earl Mountbatten
Ans-(c) See the explanation of the above question.
(c) Dr. S. Radhakrishnan (d) Louis Fischer
31. Which one of the following aroused a wave of
Mizoram PSC (CCE) Pre-2017 popular indignation that led to the massacre by
Ans. (c): Sarvepalli Radha Krishnan was an Indian the British at Jallianwala Bagh?
Philosopher and Statesman who served as the 2nd (a) The Arms Act (b) The Public Safety Act
President of India from 1962 to 1967. He was also the (c) The Rowlatt Act (d) The Vernacular Press Act
first Vice–President of India from 1952 to 1962. The IAS (Pre) G.S. 2007
above statement about Gandhiji is said by Dr. S.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Radhakrishnan.
32. Which important event immediately preceded
27. Which month of 2017 marks the 100th Jallianwala Bagh massacre?
anniversary of Gandhi's arrival in Champaran?
(a) Non-Cooperation Movement
(a) March (b) April
(b) Enactment of Rowlatt Act
(c) July (d) August
(c) Communal Award
(Himachal PSC (Pre) 2016) (d) Arrival of Simon Commission
Ans-(b) Champaran Satyagrah was started on 10 April, UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012
1917. Gandhi launched first Satyagraha from
Champaran. Ans-(b) The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crime Act
(1919) popularly known as Rowlatt Act was passed by
28. Which of the following was the first Satyagraha the Imperial Legislative Council of British India in
of Mahatma Gandhi in India? March, 1919 and the Jallianwala Bagh massacre took
(a) Ahmedabad (b) Bardoli place on April 13, 1919 Jallianwala Bagh,
(c) Champaran (d) Individual Amritsar, Punjab.
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above 33. The year 1919 in Indian history is associated
with-
64th BPSC (Pre)-2018-19
(a) the transfer of capital from Calcutta to Delhi
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(b) the tragedy of Jallianwala Bagh massacre
29. The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre happened in the
(c) Partition of Bengal
context of which Gandhian Satyagraha?
(d) Khilafat Movement
(a) Swadeshi Satyagraha
BPSC (Pre) 1992-93
(b) Rowlatt Satyagraha
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) Bardoli Satyagraha
(d) Individual Satyagraha 34. Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place in the city-
(a) Meerut (b) Agra
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
(c) Amritsar (d) Lahore
64th BPSC (Pre) -2018-19
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2009-10
Ans-(b) In 1919, a new Act was passed by the British
Government to give themselves greater power over the Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
people. This Act was called the Rowlatt Act and was 35. What was the name of the newspaper published
named after the Rowlatt Commission who had sent by Mahatma Gandhi in South Africa?
recommendations to the Imperial Legislative Council. (a) The Indian Opinion (b) National Herald
This law was strongly opposed by the people of India (c) Leader (d) The pioneer
because it gave the British government even more CGPSC (Pre) 2018
authority over them. This new Act allowed the British
to arrest and jail anyone they wished without trial, if Ans-(a) Mahatma Gandhi founded the ‘Natal Indian
Congress’ in 1894 at South Africa and was imprisoned
they were thought to be plotting against the British. The
several times. He also founded ‘Tolstoy Farm’ with his
Viceroy also had the power to silence the press.
associates and started living there. He founded ‘Phoenix
Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place on April 13, 1919
Farm’ in South Africa in December, 1904 and published
during anti-Rowlatt agitation in Amritsar. The press
the magazine ‘Indian Opinion’ in South Africa in June,
and the Congress called it the ‘Black Act’. Tagore 1906. ‘Navjeevan’ published in 1919 by Mahatma
renounced his Knighthood in protest against Jallianwala Gandhi was a newspaper in Gujarati and Hindi
Bagh massacre. language.
History of Modern India 163 YCT
36. During his stay in South Africa, Mahatma suffered a severe epidemic of Plague and in Kheda
Gandhi published the following newspaper, its alone around 17000 people lost their lives. Further,
name was- cholera also broke out locally. The government said that
(a) Navjeevan (b) India Gazette if the taxes are not paid, the property would be seized.
(c) Africaner (d) Indian Opinion This condition of peasants of Kheda provided ample
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2002 reason for Gandhi to organize the Satyagraha on behalf
of them. It was the third Satyagraha movement after
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Champaran Satyagraha and Ahmedabad mill strike.
37. Name of the magazine published by Mahatma
Gandhi during his stay in South Africa, was- 40. Consider the following statements:
(a) Navjeevan (b) Harijan 1. Dr. Rajendra Prasad persuaded Mahatma
(c) Indian Opinion (d) African News Gandhi to come to Champaran to investigate
the problem of peasants.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998
2. Acharya J. B. Kriplani was one of the
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Mahatma Gandhi’s colleagues in his
38. With reference to Rowlatt Satyagraha, which of Champaran investigation.
the following statements is/are correct?
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1. The Rowlatt Act was based on the
recommendations of the ‘Sedition Committee’ (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
2. In Rowlatt Satyagraha Gandhiji tried to use (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
the Home Rule League IAS (Pre) G.S. 2010
3. Demonstrations against the Simon Ans-(b) After returning from South Africa in January,
Commission coincided with the Rowlatt 1915, Mahatma Gandhi primarily used Satyagraha in 1917
Satyagraha at Champaran. Rajkumar Shukla decided to follow and
Select the correct answer using the code given persuade Mahatma Gandhi to investigate the problems of
below. peasants of Champaran. Dr. Rajendra Prasad, J.B.
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only Kripalani, Mahadev Desai, C. F. Andrews, Dr. Anugraha
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Narayan Sinha, Raj Kishore Prasad, H. S. Pollock were
IAS (Pre) G.S. Ist 2015 colleagues of Mahatma Gandhi during Champaran
Ans-(b) The Rowlatt Act was passed by the Imperial Movement.
Legislative Council on March 18, 1919. It was based on 41. Which of the following pairs are correctly
the recommendations of the Sedition Committee. matched?
Mahatma Gandhi tried to utilize the Home Rule League Movement/Satyagraha Related Person
in Rowlatt Satyagraha. Simon Commission reached
India on January 3, 1928 and faced strikes in major 1. Champaran : Rajendra Prasad
cities and towns with the slogan of ‘Go Back Simon’. 2. Ahmedabad Mill Strike: Morarji Desai
39. What was the reason for Mahatma Gandhi to 3. Kheda : Vallabhbhai Patel
organize a Satyagraha on behalf of the peasants Choose the correct answer using the code given
of Kheda? below:
1. The administration did not suspend the land (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
revenue collection in spite of a drought. (c) 1 and 3 (d) 1,2 and 3
2. The administration proposed to introduce
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1994
permanent settlement in Gujarat.
Which of the statements given above is/are Ans-(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the colleague of
correct? Mahatma Gandhi during Champaran Satyagraha while
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was associated with Mahatma
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
Gandhi during Kheda Satyagraha. Morarji Desai did not
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 took part in Ahmedabad Mill Strike thus only pair (1)
IAS (Pre) G.S. Ist 2011 and (3) is correct.
Ans-(a) In Kheda, Gujarat, the peasants were frequently 42. Which of the following international events
plagued by poverty, famines, scant resource, influenced the course of the National Movement
untouchability, alcoholism and British discrimination. in India before the advent of Mahatma Gandhi?
The famine of ‘Chhappania Akal’ and some subsequent
(1) Italian-Abyssinian War, 1898
famines had destroyed the agrarian economy of the
region and the peasants were still dying out of (2) Boxer Movement in China
starvation. The Bombay Presidency increased the taxes (3) Revolutionary Movement in Ireland
in 1917-18 by 23%. In 1918, Gujarat as a whole (4) Victory of Japan in the Russo-Japanese War
History of Modern India 164 YCT
 Code: 46. At which place in Bihar Gandhiji had his first
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) only 1, 2 and 4 Satyagraha?
(c) only 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4 (a) Champaran (b) Chhapra
IAS (Pre) 1994 (c) Bettiah (d) Patna
Ans-(d) Before the advent of Mahatma Gandhi from BPSC (Pre) 2015
South Africa in January, 1915, the Italian-Abyssinian Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
War, 1898 in which the Colonial power of Italy was 47. In which Peasant’s Movement did Mahatma
defeated, Boxer Movement (1899-1901) in China, Gandhi participated first of all?
Revolutionary Movement in Ireland and victory of (a) Kheda (b) Champaran
Japan in the Russo-Japanese War in 1905 influenced the
course of National Movement in India. The victory of (c) Bardoli (d) Baroda
small country like Japan in the Russo-Japanese War in BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
1905 influenced them the most. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
43. What is the correct chronological sequence of the 48. At which one of the following places did
following events in the political life of Mahatma Mahatma Gandhi first start his Satyagraha in
Gandhi? India?
1. Champaran Satyagraha (a) Ahmedabad (b) Bardoli
2. Ahmedabad Mill Strike (c) Champaran (d) Kheda
3. Kheda Satyagraha IAS (Pre) G.S. 2007
4. Non-Cooperation Movement Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2010
Code: Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) 2, 4, 3, 1 (b) 1, 2, 3, 4 49. After returning from South Africa, Gandhiji
(c) 4, 3, 2, 1 (d) 3, 4, 2, 1 launched his first successful Satyagraha in
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1993 (a) Chauri Chaura (b) Champaran
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2010 (c) Bardoli (d) Ahmedabad
Ans-(b) The correct chronological order of the events in UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2011
political life of Mahatma Gandhi is as follows- Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Champaran Satyagraha - 1917 50. Mahatma Gandhi started his first Satyagraha
(used Satyagraha for the first time in India) Movement in-
Ahmedabad Mill Strike - February-March, 1918 (a) Bardoli (b) Baroda
(used hunger strike as weapon) (c) Champaran (d) Dandi
Kheda Satyagraha - 22 March, 1918 UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004
Non-Cooperation Movement - 1920-1922 Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2004-05
44. The first venture of Gandhi in all-India politics BPSC (Pre) 2007-08
was the- UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2009
(a) Non-Cooperation Movement UP Lower (Pre) 1998
(b) Rowlatt Satyagraha Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2002-03
(c) Champaran Movement Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(d) Dandi March 51. Which one of the following is a very significant
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999 aspect of the Champaran Satyagraha?
Ans-(c) After returning from South Africa in January, (a) Active all-India participation of lawyers,
1915 Champaran Movement of 1917 was the first students and women in the National Movement
venture of Mahatma Gandhi in All-India politics. The (b) Active involvement of Dalit and Tribal
poor peasants, the indigo planters of the district invited communities of India in the National Movement
Mahatma Gandhi to come there to see the grievances of (c) Joining of peasant unrest to India’s National
the much exploited peasants. On the request of Movement
Rajkumar Shukla, he visited Champaran and launched (d) Drastic decrease in the cultivation of plantation
Champaran Satyagraha.
crops and commercial crops
45. After returning from South Africa, Gandhiji
launched his first successful Satyagraha in- IAS (Pre) 2018
(a) Chauri-Chaura (b) Dandi Ans-(c) The Champaran Satyagraha in 1917 was the
first Satyagraha movement inspired by Mohandas
(c) Champaran (d) Bardoli
Gandhi and a major revolt in the Indian Independence
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2000 Movement. It led to the large influx of peasants into
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. India’s National Movement.

History of Modern India 165 YCT

52. Which one of the following statements is not 56. Which leader of Bihar led the peasant movement
correct about Champaran Satyagraha? with Mahatma Gandhi?
(a) It was connected with the peasants (a) Baba Ramchandra (b) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(b) It was launched against Tinkathia' system (c) Rajkumar Shukla (d) Rafi Ahmad Kidwai
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad and J.B. Kripalani co- BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
operated with M.K. Gandhi in it
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(d) It was the first movement launched by M.K.
Gandhi on All India level 57. Who was not associated with Champaran
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011 Movement?
Ans-(d) Champaran Satyagraha was limited to (a) Rajendra Prasad
Champaran only. Rowlatt Satyagraha of 1919 was the (b) Anugraha Narayan Sinha
first national level movement launched by Mahatma (c) J. B. Kriplani
Gandhi. Those who joint Gandhi during the Champaran
(d) Jai Prakash Narayan
Satyagraha are Brijkishore, Rajendra Prasad, Anugraha
Narayan Sinha, Rajkumar Shukla and J. B. Kriplani. BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
The other three options related to Champaran Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Satyagraha are absolutely correct. Thus, option (d) is
58. Who among the following was the ‘Political
incorrect.
Guru’ of Mahatma Gandhi?
53. Those who joined Mahatma Gandhi during the
(a) C. R. Das (b) Dada Bhai Naoroji
Champaran struggle included-
(a) Vallabhbhai Patel and Vinobha Bhave (c) Tilak (d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru and Rajendra Prasad UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991
(c) Rajendra Prasad and Anugraha Narayan Sinha MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1992
(d) Mahadev Desai and Maniben Patel BPSC (Pre) 1992-93
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1999 Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2004-05
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1994 Ans-(d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale (1866-1915) was the
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2006 ‘Political Guru’ of Mahatma Gandhi. On the invitation
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. of Mahatma Gandhi in 1912, Gopal Krishna Gokhale
visited South Africa. After returning from South Africa
54. Who was not the member of Champaran
Agrarian Enquiry Committee? in 1915 Mahatma Gandhi had received personal
guidance from Gokhale including the knowledge and
(a) F. G. Slay (b) D. J. Read
understanding of India and the issues confronting
(c) Anugraha Narayan (d) Mahatma Gandhi common Indians. Gandhi in his biography called Gopal
UPPSC RO/ARO (Pre) 2017 Krishna Gokhale as his mentor and guide.
Ans-(c) To enquire the conditions of peasants of 59. The prefix ‘Mahatma’ was added with the name
Champaran, Lieutenant Governor Edward Gait of Gandhiji during-
appointed the Champaran Agrarian Enquiry Committee
with the approval of the Government of India: F. G. (a) Champaran Satyagraha
Slay (President), L. C. Adami (Member), Raja (b) Satyagraha against Rowlatt Act
Hariharprasad Narayan Singh (Member), D. J. Reid (c) Amritsar Session of Indian National Congress,
(Member), Mr. G. Rainy (Member), Mahatma Gandhi 1919
(Member). (d) Beginning of Khilafat Movement
55. Who had opposed the Champaran Satyagraha of UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001
Mahatma Gandhi?
Ans-(a) Mahatma Gandhi used Satyagraha as weapon
(a) Rabindranath Tagore (b) N. G. Ranga against the British rule for the first time in Champaran
(c) Rajkumar Shukla (d) Rajendra Prasad district of Bihar in 1917. Rabindranath Tagore gave him
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2007 the title of ‘Mahatma’ during this movement.
Ans-(b) N.G. Ranga opposed the Champaran 60. Who of the following called Gandhiji as
Satyagraha of Mahatma Gandhi while Rabindranath 'Mahatma' for the first time ?
Tagore gave him with the title of 'Mahatma'. Dr. (a) Jawahar Lal Nehru (b) Madan Mohan Malviya
Rajendra Prasad, Mahadev Desai, C. F. Andrews, Dr. (c) Rabindra Nath Tagore (d) Subhash Chandra Bose
Anugraha Narayan Sinha, Raj Kishore Prasad, H. S.
Pollock were colleagues of Mahatma Gandhi during UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010
Champaran Movement. Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.

History of Modern India 166 YCT

61. Tinkathia System in Champaran meant- 66. Indian National Congress opposed the Rowlatt
(a) Cultivation of Indigo on the 3/20 area of land Act because it aimed-
(b) Cultivation of Indigo on the 3/19 area of land (a) to limit the individual liberty
(c) Cultivation of Indigo on 3/18 area of land (b) to ban on Indian National Congress
(d) None of the above (c) to enlarge the communal delegations
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2013 (d) to imprison national leaders charging the traitors
Ans-(a) The European planters at Champaran practiced to the nation
illegal methods of indigo cultivation and forced the BPSC (Pre) 1996
Indian peasants to cultivate Indigo on 3/20th part of their Ans-(a) A sedition committee was appointed by the
land holding. This was called Tinkathia system. British government during the Viceroyalty of Lord
Peasants of Champaran with the help of Gandhi and Chelmsford in 1917 with Justice Rowlatt, which made
Rajendra Prasad organised Satyagraha and led to several recommendations to curb sedition activity in
abolition of Tinkathia system. Mahatma Gandhi used India. The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crime Act
Satyagraha for the first time in 1917 in Champaran (1919) popularly known as Rowlatt Act was passed by
district of Bihar in response to ‘Tinkathia System’. the Imperial Legislative Council of British India in
62. Gandhiji’s Champaran Movement was for- March, 1919. The Act provided the authority to the
(a) The security of the rights of Harijans British government to arrest and imprison suspects
(b) Civil Disobedience Movement without trial. So like most of the Indians, Indian
National Congress disliked this Act because it aimed to
(c) Maintaining of unity of Hindu Society
limit the individual liberty. In protest to this Act, Swami
(d) Solving the problems of Indigo workers Shraddhananda suggested starting the movement of not
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012 paying rent (Lagaan).
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 67. The Rowlatt Act was passed to-
63. With which of the following place and farming (a) Bring about Agrarian Reforms
did the Tinkathia System is associated? (b) Curtail the National and Revolutionary Activities
(a) Gorakhpur-Opium (b) Begusarai-Paddy (c) Have a favourable ‘Balance of Trade’
(c) Champaran-Indigo (d) Wardhaman-Paddy (d) Put Second World War criminals on trial
UP Lower (Mains) G.S.2015
Jharkhand PCS (Pre) 2013
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
64. In which of the following session of the Indian
68. The Rowlatt Act aimed at-
National Congress did M. K. Gandhi participate
first? (a) Compulsory economic support to war efforts
(a) Lucknow Session, 1916 (b) Imprisonment without trial and summary
procedures for trial
(b) Calcutta Session, 1901
(c) Amritsar Session, 1919 (c) Suppression of the Khilafat Movement
(d) Nagpur Session, 1920 (d) Imposition of restrictions on freedom of the press
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2003 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2012
Ans-(b) It was in Calcutta Session held in 1901, in Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
which Mahatma Gandhi appeared on the platform of 69. Who suggested launching of no tax campaign as a
Congress for the first time. Dinshaw Edulji Wacha, one protest against Rowlatt Act?
of the founding members of Indian National Congress (a) Abul Kalam Azad
was president at the 1901, Calcutta Session. Mahatma (b) Gandhiji
Gandhi presided over Belgaum Session of Indian
National Congress held in 1924. (c) Rabindranath Tagore
65. In which of the following session of the Indian (d) Swami Shraddhanand
National Congress did Mohandas Karamchand UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2008
Gandhi participate for the first time? Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Calcutta Session, 1901 70. The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crime Act
(b) Lucknow Session, 1916 (1919) was popularly known as the-
(c) Nagpur Session, 1920 (a) Rowlatt Act (b) Pitt’s India Act
(d) Surat Session, 1907 (c) Indian Arms Act (d) Ilbert Bill
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004 IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 167 YCT
71. The name of the famous person of India who 76. Who among the following gave up the title of 'Sir'
returned the Knighthood conferred on him by in protest against the Jallianwala Bagh incident?
the British Government as a token of protest (a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
against the atrocities in Punjab in 1919 was-
(c) Rabindranath Tagore (d) Tej Bahadur Sapru
(a) Tej Bahadur Sapru (b) Ashutosh Mukherjee
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012
(c) Rabindra Nath Tagore (d) Syed Ahmed Khan
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2004 UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2004
Ans-(c) Rabindra Nath Tagore returned the Knighthood Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2006
conferred on him by the British Government on May Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
30, 1919 as a token of protest against the Jallianwala 77. During the Indian freedom struggle, a large
Bagh Massacre (April 13, 1919). In a letter to the number of unarmed people gathered at
Governor General he wrote- “The time has come when Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar on April 13, 1919,
badges of honour make our shame glaring in the
against the arrest of which of the following?
incongruous context of humiliation and I for my part
wish to stand shorn of all special distinctions by the side (a) Madan Mohan Malviya and Mohammad Ali
of those of my countrymen who, for their so-called Jinnah
insignificance, are liable to suffer degradations not fit (b) Mahatma Gandhi and Abul Kalam Azad
for human beings….” (c) Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlu and Dr. Satyapal
72. Who returned the ‘Knighthood’ title to the (d) Swami Shraddhanand and Mazharul Haq
British Government in reaction against
Jalianwala Bagh Massacre? UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2002
(a) Md. Ali Jinnah (b) Rabindranath Tagore Ans-(c) On 13 April 1919, thousands of people were
(c) Rameshwar Singh (d) Shankaran Nair gathered at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar, Punjab to
UPPSC (Pre) 2022 protest against the arrest of two famous leaders of
Punjab, Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlu and Dr. Satyapal. Other
Ans. (b) : Kindly refer the explanation of above had come to attend the annual Baisakhi fair. Many of
question. them were unfamiliar with the martial law that had been
73. Which one among the following prompted imposed. General Dyer entered the area, blocked the
Rabindranath Tagore to surrender his title of exit points and ordered fire on the crowd that result into
'Sir'? mass murder of thousands of people.
(a) The passing of the Rowlatt Act
78. Why did people gather to demonstrate at
(b) The passing of the Act of 1919 Jallianwala Bagh?
(c) To support Mahatma Gandhi’s Satyagraha (a) To protest against the arrest of Gandhi and
Movement Lajpat Rai
(d) To protest against the massacre at Jallianwala
(b) To protest against the arrest of Kitchlu and
Bagh and the imposition of martial law in Punjab
Satyapal
UPSC CDS Ist 2010
(c) To offer prayers on the Baisakhi day
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(d) To protest against the arbitrary inhuman acts of
74. Rabindra Nath Tagore gave up his ‘Knighthood’
the Punjab Government
in protest to which one of the following?
(a) Rowlatt Act BPSC (Pre) 2007-08
(b) Massacre at Jallianwala Bagh Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) Simon Commission 79. Which British officer fired bullets in Jallianwala
(d) Cripps Mission Bagh?
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006 (a) General Kelley (b) Lord Linlithgow
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2016 (c) General Bush Francis (d) General Dyer
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1996
75. The person who returned his honour to Indian Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Government on 30 May, 1919 was- 80. The task of drafting Congress Inquiry Committee
(a) Jamnalal Bajaj (b) Tej Bahadur Sapru report on Jallianwala Bagh massacre was
(c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Rabindranath Tagore entrusted to-
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001 (a) Jawaharlal Nehru (b) Mahatma Gandhi
UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2004 (c) C. R. Das (d) Fazlul Haq
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014

History of Modern India 168 YCT

Ans. (b) The task of drafting Congress Inquiry 85. Who resigned from the membership of Viceroy’s
Committee report on Jallianwala Bagh massacre was Executive Council as a protest against
entrusted to Mahatma Gandhi. Madan Mohan Malviya Jallianwala Bagh massacre?
was the President of this committee and Motilal Nehru, (a) Rabindranath Tagore
Mahatma Gandhi, C. R. Das, Taiyyabji and M. R.
(b) Madan Mohan Malviya
Jayakar were the members of this committee. Uttar
Pradesh Public Service Commission had considered (c) Sir Shankaran Nair
option (b) as the correct answer in its initial answer key (d) All of the above
but it later removed the question out of marking in its UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2007, 2013
revised answer key.
UP Lower (Pre) 2013
81. Which one of the following events, was characterized Ans-(c) In the protest against Jallianwala Bagh
by Montague as 'Preventive Murder’? massacre Rabindranath Tagore surrendered the honour
(a) Killing of INA activists of ‘Knighthood’ and Sir Shankaran Nair, the former
(b) Massacre of Jallianwala Bagh President of Indian National Congress resigned his
(c) Shooting of the Mahatma membership from the Viceroy’s Executive Council.
(d) Shooting of Curzon-Wythe 86. Which of the following were the twin principles
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998 of Mahatma Gandhi’s Ram Rajya?
Ans-(b) The Jallianwala Bagh massacre also known as (a) Abolishment of untouchability and temperance
Amritsar massacre took place on April 13, 1919 when (b) Truth and non-violence
troops of the British Indian army under the command of (c) Khadi and spinning wheel
Colonel Reginald Dyer fired rifles into a crowd of (d) Right means and right ends
Indians who had gathered in Jallianwala Bagh Amritsar,
Punjab. Lord Chelmsford was the viceroy of India at the UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993
time of this massacre. Michael O’ Dwyer was the Ans-(b) Truth and non-violence were the twin
British Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab at this time and principles of Ram Rajya of Mahatma Gandhi.
Edwin Montagu was the Secretary of State for India. 87. The twin principles of Mahatma Gandhi’s Ram
Montagu characterized Jallianwala Bagh massacre as Rajya were-
‘Preventive Murder’.
(a) Right practice and right goals
82. General Michael O’ Dwyer name is associated (b) Untouchability and liquor prohibition
with which of the following event?
(c) Khadi and spinning wheel
(a) Black Hole of Calcutta
(d) Truth and non-violence
(b) Battle of Rani Durgavati
(c) Battle of 1857 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991
(d) Jallianwala Bagh Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
MPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993 88. Who is the author of ‘My Experiment with
Truth’?
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru (b) Indira Gandhi
83. Who from the following killed O’ Dwyer
(c) Narsimha Rao (d) Mahatma Gandhi
responsible for Jallianwala Bagh massacre?
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1998
(a) Prithvi Singh Azad (b) Sardar Kishan Singh
Ans-(d) ‘My Experiment with Truth’ is the
(c) Udham Singh (d) Sohan Singh Josh
autobiography of Mahatma Gandhi in Gujarati
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994 language. Hind Swaraj, Young India, Navjeevan etc are
Ans-(c) On 13 March 1940, at the Caxton Hall in few masterpieces of Mahatma Gandhi. The ‘Discovery
London, Udham Singh an independent activist from of India’ and ‘Glimpses of World’ were authored by
Sunam killed Michael O’ Dwyer, the British Lieutenant Jawaharlal Nehru.
Governor of Punjab during Jallianwala Bagh massacre. 89. Mahatma Gandhi originally wrote his
Udham Singh had closely witnessed the massacre and autobiography in-
was himself wounded during the incident. He believed (a) Hindi (b) Marathi
O’ Dwyer as the main planner of the massacre.
(c) Gujarati (d) British
84. Who among the following had killed General
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2009-10
Dwyer responsible for Jallianwala Bagh
massacre? Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Prithvi Singh Azad (b) Sohan Singh Josh 90. Where is Phoenix Farm?
(c) Udham Singh (d) Sardar Kishan Singh (a) Suratgarh (b) Essex England
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2003 (c) Durban (South Africa) (d) Kampala
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1999
History of Modern India 169 YCT
Ans-(c) Mahatma Gandhi founded two ashrams for (a) At Natal in South Africa in the year 1906
community livng in South Africa- Phoenix Settlement (b) At Champaran in the year 1917
in Durban and Tolstoy Farm in Johannesburg. (c) At Ahmedabad in the year 1918
91. Who founded Phoenix Farm? (d) At Cape Town in South Africa in the year 1906
(a) Smt. Menka Gandhi (b) Mahatma Gandhi UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2015
(c) Balram Jakhad (d) Sri Charan Singh Ans-(c) See the explanation of the above question.
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1994 97. Consider the following statements about the
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ahmedabad Mill Strike of 1918
92. In which of the following year did M. K. Gandhi 1. It was related to a dispute between the
wrote ‘Hind Swaraj’? workers and the European mill owners
(a) 1908 (b) 1909 regarding hours of work.
(c) 1910 (d) 1914 2. Gandhi Ji advised the workers to go on
UP Lower (Mains) 2013 strike.
Which of the statements given above is/are
Ans-(b) Based on his journey from London to South
correct?
Africa from November 13, 1909 to November 22, 1909,
Mahatma Gandhi wrote ‘Hind Swaraj’ in Gujarati (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
language in 1909. (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
93. Who wrote Hind Swaraj? UPSC CDS Ist 2011
(a) Balgangadhar Tilak (b) Vinoba Bhave Ans-(b) See the explanation of the above question.
(c) Chandrashekhar Azad (d) Mahatma Gandhi 98. Which two leaders did the work of social
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2000 upliftment after visiting India?
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (a) Gandhi, Tilak
94. In which of the following movements did (b) Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhash Chandra Bose
Mahatma Gandhi make the first use of hunger (c) Bipin Chandra Pal, Aurobindo Ghosh
strike as a weapon? (d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Motilal Nehru
(a) Non-Cooperation Movement UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992
(b) Rowlatt Satyagraha Ans-(a) Mahatma Gandhi and Bal Gangadhar Tilak did
(c) Ahmedabad Strike the work of social upliftment by touring entire India.
(d) Bardoli Satyagraha Lokmanya Tilak along with Agarkar founded New
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2010 British School in Pune in 1890 with an aim to provide
affordable education. With an aim of national
Ans-(c) Mahatma Gandhi had used hunger strike as a
integration he started celebrating Shivaji and Ganesha
weapon for the first time in Ahmedabad Mill Strike in
(Ganapati) festivals in Maharashtra. He had also
1918. In February March 1918, there was a situation of
launched Home Rule Movement. Mahatma Gandhi was
conflict between the Gujarat Mill owners and workers
the supporter of basic education. Mahatma Gandhi kept
on the question of Plague Bonus of 1917. The Mill
Owners wanted to withdraw the bonus but the workers the abolition of untouchability in the forefront of his
demanded a 50% wage hike. The Mill Owners were public activities.
willing to give only 20% wage hike. In March 1918, 99. M. K. Gandhi was a supporter of-
under the leadership of Gandhi, there was a strike in the (a) Marxist socialism (b) Category socialism
cotton mills. In this strike Gandhi used the weapon of (c) Idealism (d) Philosophical anarchism
Hunger strike. The result was that the strike was
UP Lower (Pre) 2009
successful and the workers got a 35% wage increase.
Ans-(d) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was a strong
95. For whom among the following was Ahmedabad
proponent of philosophical anarchism. Anarchy is a
Satyagraha launched?
political school of thought which aspires for a stateless
(a) Farmers (b) Cotton Mill Workers society based on voluntary self-governance. Dr. Buddha
(c) Jewellery Artisans (d) Press Freedom Deb Bhattacharya, a noted interpreter
UP Lower (Mains) G.S. 2015 of Gandhi's political and social philosophy, called
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. him philosophical anarchist.
96. Where and when did Mahatma Gandhi first use 100. Who highlighted the plight of the peasants of
his method of hunger-strike to achieve a desired Champaran by writing under pseudonyms like
goal? ‘Dukhi’, ‘Dukhi Atma’, ‘Dukhi Hridya’?
History of Modern India 170 YCT
 (a) Peer Muhammad Moonis (b) Rajendra Prasad (a) Uplifting the oppressed and poor is the moral
(c) Sahajananda Saraswati (d) S. N. Sinha responsibility of an educated man
BPSC (Pre) 2015 (b) The good of individual is contained in the good
of all
Ans-(a) Peer Muhammad Moonis (1882-1949)
highlighted the plight of the peasants of Champaran by (c) The life of celibacy and spiritual pursuit are
writing under pseudonyms like ‘Dukhi’, Dukhi Atma’, essential for a noble life
‘Dukhi Hridya’. He is also known as the “Qalam ka (d) All the statements (a), (b) and (c) are correct in
Satyagrahi”. this context
101. Who was the Viceroy of India when the IAS (Pre) G.S. 2011
Rowlatt Act was passed? Ans-(b) During his stay in South Africa, Mahatma
(a) Lord Irwin (b) Lord Reading Gandhi read the book ‘Unto The Last’ written by John
(c) Lord Chelmsford (d) Lord Wavell Ruskin. He later mentioned is his autobiography ‘My
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2008 Experiment with Truth’ that the book had totally
transformed his life. The book consist of the message
Ans-(c) A sedition committee was appointed by the
“The good of the individual is contained in the good of
British government during the viceroyalty of Lord
all.”
Chelmsford in 1917 with Justice Rowlatt, which made
several recommendations to curb sedition activity in 104. Who of the following founded the Ahmedabad
India. Lord Chelmsford's tenure as a viceroy of India Textile Labour Association?
was from 1916-21. (a) Mahatma Gandhi
102. Given below are two statements, one labelled as (b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason (R). (c) N. M. Joshi
Carefully examine the two statements and choose (d) J. B. Kripalani
the correct answer from the code given below-
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2009
Assertion (A) : In 1916 Moulana Mohamed Ali
Ans-(a) Ahmedabad Textile Labour Association was
and Abul Kalam Azad resigned from
founded by Mahatma Gandhi in 1918.
the legislative council.
Reason (R) : Rowlatt Act was passed by the 105. Karamchand Gandhi was Diwan of-
Government inspite of being opposed by all (a) Porbandar (b) Rajkot
Indian Members of legislative councils. (c) Bikaner (d) All of the above
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001
explanation of A Ans-(d) Father of Mahatma Gandhi, Karamchand
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct Uttamchand Gandhi (1822–1885) also known as Kaba
explanation of A Gandhi, was a political figure in Porbandar. He served
(c) A is true but R is false as Diwan of Porbandar, Rajkot, and Bikaner.
(d) A is false but R is true 106. According to Gandhiji non-violence is-
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003 (a) a way to attain truth
Ans-(d) Rowlatt Act was passed by the government (b) a way to win political freedom
inspite of being opposed by all Indian members of (c) the way to realize god
legislative councils. Moulana Mohamed Ali and Abul
(d) an end in itself
Kalam Azad resigned from the legislative council in
1919 during Khilafat Movement and not in 1916. In UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994
protest against the passing of Rowlatt Act M.A. Jinnah Ans-(a) Satya (Truth) and Ahimsa (Non-Violence) were
and Madan Mohan Malaviya resigned from the imperial the two weapons of Mahatma Gandhi during freedom
legislative council. struggle. He considered that truth is achievable and non-
103.Mahatma Gandhi said that some of his deepest violence is a mean to achieve it. Like this according to
convictions were reflected in a book titled, “Unto Mahatma Gandhi non-violence is a way to attain truth.
The Last’’ and the book transformed his life. As per the Gandhian philosophy Truth stands for
What was the message from the book that reality. He said “Ahimsa or non-violence is the means
transformed Mahatma Gandhi? and truth is the end. It is impossible to separate them.”

History of Modern India 171 YCT

107. Who amongst the following coined the word Ans. (d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale was the political guru
‘Satyagraha’? of Mahatma Gandhi. He commanded Mahatma Gandhi
(a) Harilal Gandhi (b) Mahatma Gandhi to spend the first year in India ‘with his ears open but his
(c) Ramdas Gandhi (d) Manilal Gandhi mouth shut’. He advised Mahatma Gandhi to visit India for
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015 one year to assess the real condition of the country.
Ans-(b) After returning from South Africa, Mahatma 111. Who had advised Gandhiji to be as an observer
Gandhi organised a competition for the selection of the and student in the country for one year before
term that describes the political struggle in India. The entering in Indian Politics?
nephew of Mahatma Gandhi, Magan Lal Gandhi first (a) Annie Besant
used the term ‘Sada Graha’ for which he was rewarded (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
too. Making a bit of change in the word ‘Sada Graha’,
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Mahatma Gandhi accepted the word ‘Satyagraha’.
Champaran Satyagraha, Bihar of 1917 was the first (d) Rabindranath Tagore
successful Satyagraha of Mahatma Gandhi. UP Lower (Mains) G.S. 2015
108. In which of the following railway stations of Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
South Africa, Mahatma Gandhi was thrown 112. In which amongst the following session of Indian
out of the train? National Congress, Mahatma Gandhi was
(a) Johannesburg (b) Pietermaritzburg familiar with the problems of peasants of
(c) Durban (d) Pretoria Champaran?
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2015 (a) Banaras Session, 1905
Ans-(b) To serve as the legal counsel to the merchant (b) Calcutta Session, 1906
Dada Abdulla, Mahatma Gandhi arrived in South Africa (c) Surat Session, 1907
in 1893. Dada Abdulla asked him to undertake a trip
(d) Lucknow Session, 1916
from Pretoria in the Transvaal to Pietermaritzburg.
There he was seated in the first class compartment as he UP RO/ARO (M) 2013
had purchased a first class ticket. A European entered UPPSC Food Safety Inspector Exam 2013
the compartment hastened to summon railway officials, Ans-(d) Rajkumar Shukla met Mahatma Gandhi at
who ordered Gandhi to shift himself in van Lucknow Session held in 1916 and made him familiar
compartment. Gandhi protested and showed his ticket; with the problems of Champaran peasants.
still he along with his luggage was thrown out of the
train at the Pietermaritzburg railway station in South 113. The person who on April 4, 1919 delivered a
Africa on June 7, 1893. speech on Hindu-Muslim Unity from the pulpit
of Jama Masjid in Delhi was-
109. Mahatma Gandhi delivered his first public
speech in India at- (a) Mahatma Gandhi
(a) Bombay (b) Lucknow (b) Mahamana Madan Mohan Malviya
(c) Champaran (d) Varanasi (c) Lala Lajpat Rai
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2015 (d) Swami Shraddhanand
Ans-(d) Mahatma Gandhi had delivered his first public UP Lower (Pre) 2004
speech in India at Varanasi in February, 1916 in theAns-(d) It was Jama Masjid of New Delhi where, on 4
foundation ceremony of Banaras Hindu University. April 1919, Swami Shraddhanand, dressed in saffron
110. Who one of the following had commanded robes, addressed the people gathered there, asking them
Mahatma Gandhi to spend the first year in to unite, saying that the need of the hour was Hindu-
India ‘with his ears open but his mouth shut’? Muslim unity, against the common enemy, the British.
(a) Dadabhai Naoroji 114. For how long Mahatma Gandhi lived in South
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak Africa?
(c) Pherozshah Mehta (a) 20 years (b) 21 years
(d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale (c) 16 years (d) 15 years
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist paper 2014 MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2010
History of Modern India 172 YCT
Ans. (b) To serve as the legal counsel to the merchant (c) Vaikom Satyagraha
Dada Abdulla, Mahatma Gandhi arrived in South Africa (d) Non-Cooperation Movement
in 1893 and came back to India in January, 1915. Like
BPSC (Pre) 1996
this he lived for 21 years in South Africa.
Ans-(c) Mahatma Gandhi did not directly participate in
115. In which year Mahatma Gandhi returned to
Vaikom Satyagraha. Vaikom Satyagraha was a
India from South Africa?
movement in Travancore (modern-day Kerala) for
(a) 1915 (b) 1917 temple entry of the depressed classes. It took place near
(c) 1916 (d) 1918 the Shiva Temple at Vaikom, Kottayam district, Kerala
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1997 during 1924-25. Vaikom was at that time a part of the
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. princely state of Travancore.
116. What idea was given by Gandhiji for family 120. Who participated in ‘Satyagraha’ started by
planning? Gandhiji at Ahmedabad in 1917-18?
(a) Self-control (b) Sterilization (a) Cultivators class (b) Industrial class
(c) Restrain (d) Loop (c) Public (d) Labourers
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1990 BPSC (Pre) 1994
Ans-(a) Gandhiji told self-control as the best means for Ans-(d) Labourers participated in Satyagraha started by
family planning. Mahatma Gandhi at Ahmedabad in 1917-18.
117. Who used the word ‘Sarvodaya’ first? 121. Which one of the following statements is not correct
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Pandit Nehru about autobiography of Mahatma Gandhi?
(c) Vinoba Bhave (d) Jaiprakash Narayan (a) Tinkathia System has not been described in it
BPSC (Pre) 2003-04 (b) The origin of word Satyagraha has been
Ans-(a) Sarvodaya is a term meaning 'Universal described in it
Uplift' or 'Progress of All'. The term was first coined by (c) It contains the explanation of ‘Indian
Mohandas Gandhi as the title of his 1908 translation of Opinion’ newspaper
John Ruskin's abstract on political economy, "Unto This
(d) It contains the explanation of Lahore Session-
Last", and Gandhi came to use the term for the ideal of
1929 of Indian National Congress
his own political philosophy. Later Gandhian, like the
Indian nonviolence activist Vinoba Bhave, embraced UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006
the term as a name for the social movement in post- Ans-(d) Mahatma Gandhi in his autobiography had
independence India. mention about ‘Tinkathia System’, origin of the term
118. The close compatriot of Mahatma Gandhi ‘Satyagraha’ and ‘Indian Opinion’ newspaper published
during the freedom movement was- from South Africa but he had not mention about Lahore
(a) Thomas Moore (b) A. O. Hume Session, 1929 of Indian National Congress.
(c) Charles Andrews (d) William Wavell 122. According to Gandhiji, the cruelest form of
BPSC (Pre) 2003-04 violence is-
Ans-(c) Charles Andrews also called Deenbandhu (a) Persistence of poverty
Andrews was a professor in St. Stephan’s College, (b) Killing of cows
Delhi. He was the close compatriot of Mahatma Gandhi
during freedom struggle. Also he was very close to (c) Killing of human beings
Rabindranath Tagore and Gopal Krishna Gokhale. He (d) Torture of women and children
accompanied Gandhi as an associate in Round Table
UP Lower (Mains) G.S. 2015
Conference in London. He lived with Mahatma Gandhi
in Phoenix Farm. Andrews became the president of All Ans-(a) According to Mahatma Gandhi, the cruelest
India Trade Union in 1925 and served the post till 1927. form of violence is persistence of poverty.
119. In which of the following Satyagraha 123. Which of the following Jails was named as
Movements, did Mahatma Gandhi not ‘Mandir’by Gandhiji?!
participate directly? (a) Naini (b) Yarvada
(a) Rajkot Satyagraha (c) Cellular (Port Blair) (d) Aghakhan Palace
(b) Khera Satyagraha UP Lower (Mains) G.S. 2015
History of Modern India 173 YCT
Ans. (b) Seven years after he returned from South Ans-(a) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is best known
Africa, Mahatma Gandhi was arrested and tried for for utilising passive resistance to achieve Indian
sedition on 10 March 1922, a trial that led to a six-year Independence. Satya (Truth) and Ahimsa (Non-
jail sentence. However, he eventually served only two Violence) were the two weapons of Mahatma Gandhi
years of that term. He named Yeravada jail as ‘Mandir’. during freedom struggle.
He wrote ‘Yeravada Mandir’ (Ashram Observance) first 128. Gandhi’s boycott of British made products was
published in 1932, translated from Gujarati by Valji effective because British considered India, a
Govind Desai. major-
124. Where did Mahatma Gandhi adopt ‘Seva (a) Shipping centre
Dharma’?
(b) Industrial centre
(a) Mumbai
(c) Market for manufactured goods
(b) Shantiniketan
(d) Source of mineral resources
(c) South Africa
UP Lower (Mains) 2013
(d) Pune
Ans-(c) Gandhi’s boycott of British made goods was
UP Lower (Mains) 2015
effective because the British considered India as a major
Ans-(c) Mahatma Gandhi during his stay in South trading market of manufactured goods.
Africa had provided his services as an attendant to the 129. Which of the following statement is/are correct
helpless poor patients in the charity hospital of regarding Gandhi?
Rustamji. He also served there to the wounded soldiers (a) Fought hard to improve the status of casteless
of the Boer War. untouchables
125. From where did Gandhiji launch his mission of (b) Launched the Non-Cooperation Movement
freeing bonded labour? (c) Began the Civil Disobedience Movement
(a) Patna (b) Calcutta (d) All of the above
(c) Bombay (d) Gorakhpur UP Lower (Mains) 2013
UP Lower (Mains) G.S. 2015 Ans-(d) In order to liberate the country from
Ans-(a) On the request of Raj Kumar Shukla, Mahatma colonialism, Mahatma Gandhi launched Non-
Gandhi arrived at Patna and launched his first Cooperation Movement 1920, Civil Disobedience
Satyagraha Movement known as Champaran Movement 1930 and fought hard to improve the status
Satyagraha against forced indigo farming. of casteless untouchables.
126. What does ‘Gandhian Innovation’ mean? 130. Which of the following may be true regarding
(a) To produce more Gandhi?
(b) To produce in domestic economy (a) A Marxist without Marxism
(c) To produce for consumption (b) A Socialist without Socialism
(d) To produce more from less input for more people (c) An Individualist without Individualism
(d) An Individualist among Socialist and a
UP Lower (Mains) G.S. 2015
Marxist among Socialist
Ans-(d) The term ‘Gandhian Innovation’ was coined by UP Lower (Mains) 2013
Prof. Prahlad and R. A. Mashelkar in 2010, meaning
Ans-(d) Mahatma Gandhi was an amalgamation of
how to do more with fewer resources for more people
numerous ideologies, many in one and one in many.
and at a lower cost.
Gandhi's socialism was based on high standards. He
127. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is best known was a strong supporter of socialism, but he was not
for which of the following? influenced by western ideology and believed in
(a) Use of passive resistance to achieve Indian establishing the basic change of society. He completely
Independence. disagreed with Karl Marx's communist policies.
(b) Desire to establish an Islamic nation. 131. Who wrote the book ‘Gokhale- My Political
(c) Opposition to Hindus holding political office. Guru’?
(d) Encouragement of violence to end British (a) M. A. Jinnah (b) M. K. Gandhi
rule. (c) Shaukat Ali (d) C. R. Das
UP Lower (Mains) 2013 UP Lower (Mains) G.S. 2013
History of Modern India 174 YCT
Ans-(b) The book ‘Gokhale- My Political Guru’ was 136. Which of the following statements is not true as
authored by Mahatma Gandhi. Gopal Krishna Gokhale per Gandhian Principle?
was the political guru (mentor) of Mahatma Gandhi. (a) The aim of Satyagrahi is to defeat the enemy
132. According to M. K. Gandhi socio-economic (b) The weapon of Satyagraha is Ahimsa
improvement of untouchables can be brought (c) Satyagrahi should be firm in his belief
about- (d) Satyagrahi should have no ill feeling towards
(a) By their temple entry his enemies
(b) By providing grant-in-aid UP Lower (Mains) 2013
(c) By earmarking funds for their socio-economic Ans-(a) According to Gandhi’s theory, the objective of
development the Satyagrahi was not to defeat the enemy but to urge
(d) By establishing cottage industry for them to reveal his truth and to change his heart. Gandhian
UP Lower (Mains) 2013 Satyagraha should be squarely located within conflict
resolution discourse. In this principle of non-violence,
Ans-(d) Mahatma Gandhi mainly stressed on the growth
Mahatma Gandhi introduced technique of resistance to
of rural industries such as khadi, handlooms, sericulture,
evil and untruth. His Satyagraha is inspired by
handicrafts etc. He strongly advocated the development
boundless love and compassion. It is opposed to sin, not
of cottage industries as he thought it will reduce the
sinner, the evil, not evildoer. For him truth was God.
burden from the agricultural sector. He considered that
Truth is not yours or mine. It is neither Western nor
by establishing cottage industries the socio-economic
Eastern.
condition of the untouchables could be improved.
137. Whose work have influenced Gandhian
133. Which of the following pairs is correctly concept?
matched regarding propounding the principle
(a) Ruskin (b) Thoreau
of Trusteeship of Mahatma Gandhi?
(c) Tolstoy (d) All of the above
(a) South Africa - 1903 (b) London – 1904
UP Lower (Mains) 2013
(c) Delhi – 1905 (d) Ahmedabad – 1906
Ans-(d) The Gandhian concept was mainly influenced
UP Lower (Mains) 2013
by the secular writers like Ruskin, Thoreau and Tolstoy
Ans-(a) Mahatma Gandhi established his law firm at etc. The essay based on Civil Disobedience written by
Johannesburg, South Africa in 1903 and lived there till Hennery David Thoreau extensively influenced Gandhi.
1910. He propounded the principle of trusteeship. Rest Non-Violence implies bread-labour, which Gandhi
of the options are incorrect as Mahatma Gandhi was
derived from Ruskin and Tolstoy and ultimately from
residing at Johannesburg during that period.
the Bible. Gandhi defined it as the ‘Divine Law that
134. Which one of the following was the last step in man must earn his bread by labouring with his own
Gandhian strategy of Satyagraha? hands.’ He opted the thought of ‘Sarvodaya’ from
(a) Boycott (b) Picket Ruskin’s ‘Unto This Last’ and named the book
(c) Fast (d) Strike ‘Sarvodaya’ after translating it in Gujarati language.
UP Lower (Mains) 2013 The non-fiction ‘The Kingdom of God is Within You’
by Leo Tolstoy was the base of Non-Cooperation
Ans-(d) Strike was the last step in Gandhian strategy of
Movement of Mahatma Gandhi.
Satyagraha while fasting was the first step. He termed
fasting as ‘Fire Arrow’. 138. As per Mahatma Gandhi politics meant-

135. Which of the following is not a feature of (a) Religionless politics

politics of the Gandhian model? (b) Activity for public welfare
(a) Ethics (b) Religion (c) Truthless politics
(c) Humanity (d) Authority (d) None of the above
UP Lower (Mains) 2013 UP Lower (Mains) 2013
Ans-(d) The exemplification of politics presented by Ans-(b) According to Gandhian philosophy politics
Mahatma Gandhi was the combination of three meant social and public welfare. In his autobiography
elements- morality, religion and humanity but there was Gandhi clarifies that without religion the idea of polity
no place for authority. is quite unimaginable.

History of Modern India 175 YCT

 139. Which of the following statements about the Which one of the following is a correct
Champaran Satyagraha is/are correct? chronological sequence of the above events
1. The Champaran region had a long starting from the earliest?
tradition of anti-planter discontent and (a) l, 3, 2, 4 (b) 1, 2, 4, 3
agitation.
(c) 1, 3, 4, 2 (d) 3, 1, 2, 4
2. Mahatma Gandhi gave all India publicity
to the grievances of Champaran UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2012
cultivators. Ans-(c) The correct chronological order of the incidents
3. The cultivators of Champaran had is as follows-
protested against excessive taxation on Champaran Satyagraha – 1917
sugar.
Ahmedabad Mill Workers Strikes – 1918
Select the correct answer using the code given
below. Chauri-Chaura Incident – February 5, 1922
(a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 2 Bardoli Satyagraha – 1928
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 142. In the year 1919, what was the reason for
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2016 Mahatma Gandhi to warn the viceroy that a
Ans-(b) countrywide Satyagraha would be launched?
• The Champaran region had a long tradition of anti- (a) He wanted the Government to withdraw the
planter discontent and agitation. Rowlatt Act immediately
• Mahatma Gandhi gave all India publicity to the (b) He was forcing the British rulers to be
grievances of Champaran cultivators. sensitive to the Khilafat Movement
140. Mahatma Gandhi's severe criticism of the (c) He wanted the Government to abolish the
Congress leadership at the opening of the Zamindari System to alleviate the miseries of
Banaras Hindu University was focused on- peasants
(a) the Congress strategy for opposing the (d) He was forcing the British rulers to give at
government least the dominion status to India to make
(b) the Congress accepting offices under the Home Rule possible
government UPSC APFC/EPFO 2004
(c) condemnation of Indian nationalism for being Ans-(a) The Rowlatt Act was passed by the Imperial
an elite phenomenon Legislative Council on March 18, 1919. Mahatma
(d) All of the above Gandhi warned the Viceroy to withdraw Rowlatt Act
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2013 immediately otherwise a countrywide Satyagraha would
Ans-(c) Mahatma Gandhi’s first major public be launched.
appearance was at the opening of the Banaras Hindu 143. Consider the following statements-
University (BHU) in February 1916. When his turn 1. In Hind Swaraj, Mahatma Gandhi
came to speak, Gandhi charged the Indian elite with a formulates a conception of good life for the
lack of concern for the labouring poor. At the opening individual as well as the society
of the BHU, he said, “certainly a most gorgeous show”. 2. Hind Swaraj was the outcome of the
But he worried about the contrast between the “richly experience of Gandhi's prolonged struggle
bedecked noblemen” present and “millions of the poor” against Colonial Raj in India
Indians who were absent. Which of the statements given above is/are
It is worth notable that Banaras Hindu University was correct?
founded by Pt. Madan Mohan Malviya in 1916 on the (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
occasion of Basant Panchami. (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
141. Consider the following events in the history of UPSC CDS Ist G.S. 2016
Indian freedom struggle Ans-(a) Mahatma Gandhi wrote Hind Swaraj book in
1. Champaran Satyagraha his native language, Gujarati, while travelling from
London to South Africa on board SS Kildonan Castle
2. Bardoli Satyagraha
between November 13 and November 22, 1909. In the
3. Ahmedabad Mill Workers Strike book Gandhi gives a diagnosis for the problems of
4. Chauri-Chaura Incident humanity in modern times, the causes and his remedy.
History of Modern India 176 YCT

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23.
Communist Movement
and Various Parties
1. The Congress took a critical stand over the 4. Who was the founder of all India Harijan
Montford Reforms in 1918, which led to break Sangh is 1932?
up with the old moderate remnants (Sapru, (a) Jagijivan Ram
Jayakar and Chintamani) who formed the (b) Mahatma Gandhi
(a) Servants of India Society (c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
(b) Swaraj Party (d) More than one of the above
(c) Indian National Liberal Federation (e) None of the above
(d) More than one of the above 68th BPSC 2022
(e) None of the above Ans. (b): Mahatma Gandhi founded All India Harijan
68th BPSC 2022 Sangh in 1932 to medicate untouchability in India,
Ans. (c): Following the criticism of the Montford working for Harijan or dalit people and upliftment of
reforms scheme by the Congress, the group of old the depressed class of India.
Moderates setup a new organization. The Indian 5. Which one of the following pairs is correctly
National Liberal Federation. Sapru and Jayakar were matched?
among its founders. Hence option (c) is correct. (a) Ganesh Damodar - Naujawan Bharat
2. Which of the following is not associated with Savarkar Sabha
the Kanpur conspiracy case? (b) Sardar Ajit Singh - Bharat Mata
(a) S.A. Dange (b) Muzaffar Ahmed Society
(c) Nalini Gupta (d) Ashfaqulla Khan (c) G.S. Arundale -Hindustan
Socialist
Mizoram PSC (Pre) 2023
Republican
Ans. (d) : The Kanpur Conspiracy case, launched by Association
the British government with the intent to crush the (d) Bhupendra Nath -Abhinav Bharat
revolutionary movement in India evoked considerable Dutt Society
support from the people of Kanpur Nagar, Uttar UPPSC ACF Mains 2021 Paper-I
Pradesh. The revolutionary leaders such as S.A. Dange, Ans. (b) : The correct match is as follows-
Singaravelu Chettiar, Muzaffar Ahmad, Nalini Gupta Sardar Ajit Singh - Bharat Mata Society
and others are associated with this movement. Bhagat Singh - Naujawan Bharat Sabha
3. Where was the Hindustan Socialist Republican Chandrashekhar Azad - Hindustan Socialist
Association established by revolutionaries like Republican Association
Chandrashekhar Azad and Sardar Bhagat Vinayak Damodar - Abhinav Bharat Society
Singh? Savarkar
(A) Mumbai 6. Where was the Hindustan Socialist Republican
(B) Nagpur Association established by revolutionaries like
(C) Kolkata Chandrashekher Azad and Sardar Bhagat
(D) Delhi Singh?
(a) Only (A) and (B) (a) Mumbai (b) Nagpur
(b) Only (C) and (D) (c) Kolkata (d) Delhi
(c) Only (A) (a) Only (a) and (b) (b) Only (c) and (d)
(d) Only (D) (c) Only (a) (d) Only (d)
Maharashtra PSC 2022 MH PSC (Pre) 2022
Ans. (b) : Hindustan Socialist Republic Association Ans. (d) : Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
was established in 1928 by Chandra Shekhar Azad. (HSRA) was previously known as Hindustan Rebulican
Askfaqulla Khan, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev. Thapar and Association (HRA) established by Chandrashekhar
Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee at Feroz Shah Kotla in Azad. Bhagat Singh and others in 1928 at Feroz Shah
Delhi. Kotla in Delhi.
History of Modern India 177 YCT
7. Given below are two statements, one is labeled Ans. (d): The Communist Party of India (CPI) was
as Assertion (A) and other Reason (R) founded on 26 December 1925 in Kanpur (Uttar
Assertion (A) : Bhagat Singh, completely and Pradesh).
consciously, was a secular thinker. 11. Who was not the initial member of the
Reason (R) : He used to say that, communalism 'Naujawan Sabha' formed in 1926?
is also as big enemy as the British colonialism (a) Ambika Chakravarti (b) Yashpal
and we have to face it". (c) Bhagat Singh (d) Chhabil Das
Select the correct answer using the code given UPPSC Pre-2021
(a) (A) is false but (R) is true UPPSC RO-ARO Mains Pre-2021
(b) Both (R) and (A) are true and (R) is correct Ans. (a): Naujawan Bharat Sabha (Youth Society of
explanation of (A) India) was founded by Bhagat Singh in March, 1926.
(c) (A) is triune but (R) is false The organisation merged with the All India Youth
(d) Both (R) and (A) are true and but (R) is not Federation (AIYF), a left-wing Indian association. Its
correct explanation of (A) famous leaders were: - Bhagat Singh, Chandrasekhar
UPPSC (J) 2023 Azad, Chabbil Das, Rajguru, Yashpal, Jaipal etc.
Ans. (d) : Bhagat Singh, an Indian revolutionary and Ambika Chakrabarty was the famous revolutionary and
freedom fighter is widely regarded as secular thinker. communist leader of the Chittagong Armoury Case.
He was completely and consciously secular thinker. 12. In which year Gadar party was formed?
Hence, statement-I is correct. (a) 1911 (b) 1914
In his writtings, Bhagat Singh said communalism was a (c) 1913 (d) 1916
significant threats to India's unity and progress and he UK RO-ARO (Pre.) 2021
considered it a major enemy alongside British
Ans. (c): Kindly refer the explanation of above
Colonialism.
question.
Hence, statement-II is also correct but not explain
13. Which of the following national leaders was to
statement-I.
take up the case of the prisoners of the Meerut
8. Who among the following was the first Conspiracy case?
President of the All India Trade Union
(a) Vallabh Bhai Patel (b) Rajendra Prasad
Congress in 1920?
(c) Motilal Nehru (d) MC Chagla
(a) Bipin Chandra Pal (b) Lala Lajpat Rai
Himachal PSC (Pre) 2019
(c) Preaksh Chandra Joshi (d) Rajendra Prasad
Ans. (d) : M.C. Chagla was one among the many
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
counsels engaged in the defence of Meerut Conspiracy
Ans. (b) : All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC)
Case 1929-33. Other national leaders to take up the case
was founded in 1920. Lala lajpat Rai was the first
were Tej Bahadur Sapru, K.N. Katju, A.M Ansari, K.F.
president. It is the oldest trade union federations in
India. Nariman and Jawahar Lal Nehru represented the
convicts.
9. Who is known as 'Frontier Gandhi'?
14. Which of the following trials attracted world-
(a) Shaukat Ali
wide publicity and drew sympathetic comments
(b) Abul Kalam Azad
from Albert Einstein, H. G. Wells, Harold Laski
(c) Abdul Gaffar Khan and Roosevelt in favour of the convicts?
(d) M.A. Jinnah (a) INA trial
(e) None of the above/More than one of the (b) Lahore Conspiracy Case
above (c) Meerut Conspiracy Case
67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021 (d) None of the above
Ans. (c) : Khan Abdul Guffar Khan also known as UPPCS (Pre) G.S. Ist 2017
Bacha Khan, was a Pastun independence activist who Ans-(c) Meerut Conspiracy Case was an immense
campaigned to end the rule of the British Raj in India. political significance for the Indian working class
For his adherence to pacifism and close association with movement because it was conspiracy of British
Mahatma Gandhi, he was also known as "Frontier Government against the rise of Communism in India.
Gandhi". During this case 31 labour leaders including three
10. The Communist Party of India (CPI) was Britishmen were arrested on the charge of conspiracy.
formed at Kanpur on- Muzaffar Ahamed, S.A Dange, S. V. Ghate, Dr. G.
(a) January 1923 (b) March 1924 Adhikari, P. C. Joshi, S. S. Mirajkar, Shaukat Usmani,
(c) October 1925 (d) December 1925 Philip Spratt etc. were arrested on the charge of
Mizoram PSC-2021 conspiracy to overthrow the British Government of
History of Modern India 178 YCT
India through strikes and other militant methods. It is Ans-(b) The All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC)
interesting to note that the accused in the Meerut Case was founded on 31 October 1920 in Bombay by N. M.
gained the sympathy of the nationalists. The trials of Joshi and Lala Lajpat Rai as its President, Joseph
Meerut Conspiracy Case attracted world-wide publicity Baptista as Vice-President and Diwan Chaman Lal as
and drew sympathetic comments from Albert Einstein, General Secretary.
H.G.Wells, Harold Laski and Roosevelt in favour of the 19. The first session of All India Trade Union
convicts. Congress held at Bombay in 1920 was presided
15. Where was found the Communist Party of india over by-
(a) Pherozeshah Mehta
in 1920?
(b) V.V. Giri
(a) Moscow (b) Bombay
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(c) Tashkent (d) Hong Kong
(d) N.M. Joshi
Himachal PSC (Pre) 2016 BPSC (Pre) 2005, 2007-08
Ans-(c) The Communist Party of India was founded by UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006, 2011
M.N. Roy, Awani Mukarjee, Md. Ali with others at Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Tashkent in 1920. The first session of the party in India 20. When was All India Trade Union Congress
took place in Kanpur on Dec 26, 1925. established in Bombay?
16. In October 1920, who of the following headed a (a) 1920 (b) 1925
group of Indians gathered at Tashkent to set up a (c) 1929 (d) 1935
Communist Party of India? BPSC (Pre) 2004-05
(a) H. K. Sarkar (b) P. C. Joshi Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) M. C. Chagla (d) M. N. Roy 21. Statement I : The Communists left the All India
IAS (Pre) G.S. 20005 Trade Union Congress in 1931.
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Statement II : By 1928, the Communists were no
17. Consider the following statements- longer working with the mainstream national
1. The Factories Act, 1881 was passed with a movement.
Codes :
view to fix the wages of industrial workers
(a) Both the statements are individually true and
and to allow the workers to form trade
Statement II is the correct explanation of
unions. Statement I.
2. N.M. Lokhande was a pioneer in organizing (b) Both the statements are individually true but
the labour movement in British India. Which Statement II is not the correct explanation of
of the above statements is/are correct? Statement I
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) Statement I is false but Statement II is true
IAS (Pre) 2017 UPSC CDS IInd 2017
Ans-(b) The first Factories Commission was appointed Ans-(a) After the 1917 Russian Revolution, important
in Bombay in 1875 and the first Factories Act was Congress leaders got impressed with the leftism.
passed in 1881. But this Act proved to be an inadequate Leaders of the Communist Party of India started
measure. Its provisions was regarding protection working in collaboration with the leaders of Congress.
of child labour only and absence of any provision for But in 1928, the leaders of the Communist Party of
women labour caused great disappointment among the India declared Congress leaders as Capitalist and got
workers in general. It does not have the provision for separated from them. After that, the communists were
no longer working with the mainstream national
the workers to form trade unions. Narayan Meghaji
movement. In 1931, the communists also left the All
Lokhande was a pioneer of the labour movement in
India Trade Union Congress. It is significant that, All
British India. He is remembered not only for India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) was founded in
ameliorating the working conditions of textile mill 1920 with Lala Lajpat Rai as its first president.
workers in the 19th century but also for his courageous Thus, both the statements are correct.
initiatives on caste and communal issues. 22. Who among the following had presided over the
18. Who was the first President of All India Trade All India Trade Union Congress held at Nagpur
Union Congress? in 1929?
(a) Diwan Chamanlal (a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Lala Lajpat Rai (b) Acharya Narendra Dev
(c) N. G. Ranga (c) Subhas Chandra Bose
(d) Swami Sahajananda (d) Yusuf Meherally
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
History of Modern India 179 YCT
 Ans-(a) The Nagpur Session of All India Trade Union 27. The militant phase of the Trade Union Movement
Congress presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru was held in India was-
in 1929. It displayed the trial of strength between the (a) 1939-45
moderates and the reformists. (b) 1926-39
23. Who formed the Radical Democratic Party in (c) 1918-26
1940? (d) 1914-18
(a) Ajit Roy BPSC (Pre) 2007-08
(b) M. N. Roy Ans-(b) The militant phase of the Trade Union
(c) Ras Bihari Bose movement in India was 1926-39. The main leaders
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose during this militant phase were M. N. Roy, Muzaffar
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007
Ahmad, Shaukat Usmani, Shripad Amrit Dange etc.
Ans-(b) Radical Democratic Party was founded by M.
28. The name of party founded by Soumendranath
N. Roy in 1940 while Ajit Roy and Indrasen founded
Tagore was-
Indian Bolshevik Leninist Party in 1941.
(a) Indian Bolshevik Party
24. Who was the first person to be the member of
(b) Revolutionary Communist Party
Communist International?
(a) M. N. Roy (b) Muzaffar Ahmad (c) Bolshevik Leninist Party
(c) S. A. Dange (d) None of the above (d) Radical Democratic Party
BPSC (Pre) 1995 UPPCS (Pre) Re-Exam G.S. 2015
Ans-(a) The Communist International was founded by Ans-(b) The Revolutionary Communist Party of India
Vladimir Ilyich Lenin and Russian Bolshevik Party in was founded by Saumyendranath Tagore in 1934,
1919. On the invitation of Vladimir Lenin, M. N. Roy breaking away from Communist Party of India (CPI).
visited Moscow and became the member of Communist The name of the party during the period of 1934-1938
International. He was the first person to be the member was Communist League.
of Communist International. 29. Kanpur Conspiracy Case was against the leaders
25. The first Trade Union was founded in India in of which movement?
the year 1918 by- (a) Khilafat Movement
(a) M. N. Joshi (b) B. P. Wadia (b) Non-Cooperation Movement
(c) V. V. Giri (d) S. A. Dange (c) Communist Movement
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007 (d) Revolutionary Movement
Ans-(b) The Madras Labour Union formed by B. P. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001
Wadia in 1918 was the first modern Trade Union of Ans-(c) The Kanpur Conspiracy Case (1924) was also
India. It mostly embodied textile workers of the against the newbie communists which were abhorred by
Buckingham Carnatic Mills. the British Government. Some newly turned
26. Assertion (A) : The effect of labour participation communists named M. N. Roy, Muzaffar Ahamed, S.
in the Indian nationalist upsurge of the early
A. Dange, Shaukat Usmani, Nalini Gupta, Singaravelu
1930 s was weak.
Chettiar, Ghulam Hussain were caught by the
Reason (R) : The labour leaders considered the
Government and were tried for conspiring against the
ideology of Indian National Congress as
Government. The Charge on them was “to deprive the
bourgeois and reactionary.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the King Emperor of his sovereignty of British India, by
correct explanation of A complete separation of India from imperialist Britain by
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a violent revolution.”
a correct explanation of A 30. Muzaffar Ahmad, S.A. Dange, Shaukat Usmani
(c) A is true but R is false and Nalini Gupta were jailed for which
(d) A is false but R is true conspiracy?
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2002 (a) Kakori Train Heist
Ans-(a) The labour leaders were influenced by (b) Chittagong Armoury Raid
communist ideology and they looked Congress as a (c) Meerut Conspiracy Case
party of bourgeois and their ideology as reactionary. (d) Kanpur Bolshevik Conspiracy Case
That is why their involvement in the nationalist Indian Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) Ist 2014-15
upsurge was limited. Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question

History of Modern India 180 YCT

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24.
Khilafat Movement
1. Who was choosen as President of Khilafat Ans-(d) The First World War (1914-18) had ended with
Conference in 1919? the defeat of Ottoman Turkey and there were rumours
(a) Mohd. Ali Jinnah that a harsh peace treaty was going to be imposed on the
(b) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan Ottoman emperor, the spiritual head of the Islamic
(c) Motilal Nehru world (the Khalifa). To defend the Khalifa’s temporal
powers, a Khilafat Committee was formed in Bombay
(d) Mahatma Gandhi
in March 1919. A young generation of Muslim leaders
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018
like the brothers Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali began
Ans. (d): Mahatma Gandhi was elected as President of discussing with Mahatma Gandhi about the possibility
Khilafat Conference in 1919. The Khilafat Committee of a united mass action on the issue and to rouse anti
was formed in Mumbai on 20 March 1919 while British feelings among the Muslims of India. Gandhi
conference was organized in Delhi on 23 November saw this as an opportunity to bring Muslims under the
1919. The Khilafat Movement was an agitation by umbrella of a unified national movement. At the
Indian Muslims allied with Indian nationalism. Its Calcutta session of the Congress in September 1920, he
purpose was to pressurise the British government to (Gandhi) convinced other leaders of the need to start a
preserve the authority of the Ottoman Sultan as Caliph Non-Cooperation Movement in support of Khilafat as
of Islam. Mahatma Gandhi supported the Khilafat well as for Swaraj.
movement in order to unite the people of Hindu and 4. The Khilafat Movement was built around-
Muslims religion and revolt against the British Empire. (a) opposing British rule in India
2. Which mosque did police party entered at (b) protecting the sovereignty of the Khalifa
Tirurangadi is search of Khilafat rebels? (c) opposing the national movement
(a) Manjeri (b) Pokottur (d) protesting against lack of educational
(c) Valluvanad (d) Mambaram opportunities in India
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018 UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2013
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans. (d): The police party entered in Mambaram
mosque at Tirurangadi in search of khilafat rebels on 20 5. The Congress supported the Khilafat Movement
August 1921. The Mampuram mosque is a famous mainly for-
mosque located in Tirurangadi in the Malappuram (a) Reinstatement of Caliph
district of Kerala India. (b) Removal of Caliph
(c) Getting the sympathy of the Muslims
3. Which of the following were the main objectives
(d) Marginalising Jinnah in the Congress
of the Khilafat movement?
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000
1. To rouse anti British feelings among the
Muslims of India Ans-(a) Congress supported the Khilafat Movement
mainly for reinstatement of Caliph. By supporting it
2. To reform the Muslim society
they wanted to get the sympathy of muslim for national
3. To demand separate electorates and preserve
movement. Gandhi saw this as an opportunity to bring
the Khilafat Muslims under the umbrella of a unified national
4. To save the Ottoman empire and preserve movement. At the Calcutta session of the Congress in
the Khilafat. September 1920, he convinced other leaders of the need
Choose the correct answer from the codes given to start a Non-Cooperation Movement in support of
below: Khilafat as well as for Swaraj.
Codes: 6. Who among the following were the prominent
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 leaders of the ‘Khilafat Movement’?
(c) 3 and 4 (d) 1 and 4 (a) Maulana Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1993 (b) Mohammad Ali Jinnah and Shaukat Ali
History of Modern India 181 YCT
 (c) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad and Rafi Ahmed Ans-(a) Mahatma Gandhi was elected as the President of
Kidwai All India Khilafat Conference held in Delhi on November
(d) Rafi Ahmed Kidwai and Shaukat Ali 23, 1919. The Indian Muslims were annoyed when they
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2016 found that their loyalty had been down-and-out during the
Ans-(a) Prominent leader of the Khilafat movement First World War and the faith of generous treatment to
were Mohammad Ali, Shaukat Ali, Abul Kalam Azad Turkey after the war. The British officials had no intention
and Hakim Ajmal Khan. to fulfill the promise made by them. Gandhi saw this as an
7. Who of the following had started the Khilafat opportunity to bring Muslims under the umbrella of a
Movement? Choose the answer from the code unified national movement.
given below- 11. Who among the following supported the Khilafat
1. Shaukat Ali Movement?
2. Mohammad Ali (a) A. O. Hume (b) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
3. Shariatullah (c) Lord Curzon (d) Mahatma Gandhi
4. Abul Kalam Azad Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2002-03, 2010-11
Code: Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1, 3 and 4 12. Why did Mahatma Gandhi support the Khilafat
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 Movement?
UP Lower (Pre) 2008 (a) The Khalifa had given shelter to Indian
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. revolutionaries
8. Who warned Gandhiji not to encourage (b) Gandhiji wanted to win the support of the
fanaticism of Muslim religious leaders and their Indian Muslims against the British
followers? (c) The Khilafat supported Indian struggle for
(a) Agha Khan freedom
(b) Ajmal Khan
(d) The Khalifa was a friend of Gandhiji
(c) Hasan Imam
BPSC (Pre) 2007-08
(d) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2002
13. Who viewed the Khilafat Movement as an
Ans-(d) Gandhi believed that by supporting the Khilafat
opportunity for integrating Hindus and Muslims
agitation led by the two brothers, Maulana Mohammed
which will appear again within coming hundred
Ali and Maulana Shaukat Ali, he could cement Hindu-
years?
Muslim unity. However, Jinnah warned Gandhi not to
encourage the fanaticism of Muslim religious leaders (a) Ali Brothers (b) Abul Kalam Azad
and Srinivasa Shastri wrote to P.S. Shivaswami Aiyar, (c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan
“I fear the Khilafat Movement is going to lead us into BPSC (Pre) 1995
disaster.” Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
9. Who among the following had denounced the 14. The Khilafat Committee accepted Mahatma
participation of Mahatma Gandhi in the Khilafat Gandhi’s suggestion for a non-violent non-
Movement? cooperation protest against the Government in its
(a) Mohammad Ali (b) Shaukat Ali meeting at-
(c) Abul Kalam Azad (d) M. A. Jinnah (a) Bombay (b) Nagpur
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011 (c) Allahabad (d) Kanpur
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. UPSC APFC/EPFO 2015
10. Who was elected as President of the All India Ans-(c) In protest of Rowlatt Act, 1919 the All India
Khilafat Conference in 1919? Khilafat Committee was established in 1919 and
(a) Mahatma Gandhi Gandhi saw this as an opportunity to bring Muslims
(b) Muhammad Ali Jinnah under the umbrella of a unified national movement. In
(c) Maulana Shaukat Ali the meeting of All India Central Khilafat Committee
(d) Motilal Nehru held at Allahabad in June, 1920 Gandhi accepted the
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993 suggestion of non-violent and non-cooperation protest
BPSC (Pre) 1999 against the government.
History of Modern India 182 YCT
 15. In which city was the conference of Khilafat 18. Which one of the following was the result of
Committee in 1920 held, that requested Gandhiji Khilafat Movement?
to assume the leadership of Non-Cooperation (a) Hindu-Muslim differences were narrowed down
Movement? (b) Language problem became acute
(a) Lucknow (b) Lahore (c) Hindu-Muslim riots increased
(c) Allahabad (d) Karachi (d) Hindu were suppressed
BPSC (Pre) 1994 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(a) Khilafat movement narrowed down the
16. Assertion (A): The Khilafat Movement did bring differences between Hindus and Muslims. The period
the urban Muslims into the fold of the National 1919-22 is understood as the heyday of Hindu-Muslim
unity against the colonial rule.
Movement.
Reason (R): There was a predominant element of 19. Who one of the following had renounced the title
anti-imperialism in both the National and of Haziq-ul-Mulk during Khilafat agitation?
Khilafat Movements. (a) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(b) Mohammad Ali
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct
explanation of A (c) Shaukat Ali
(d) Hakim Ajmal Khan
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is NOT a correct
explanation of A UPPCS (Pre) G.S. Ist 2014
(c) A is true, but R is false Ans-(d) Hakim Ajmal Khan had been honoured with
the title of Haziq-ul-Mulk in 1908 by the British
(d) A is false, but R is true
Government which he renounced during the Khilafat
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998 agitation.
Ans-(a) The young generation of Muslim leaders like 20. When did the Non-Cooperation Movement
the brothers Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali, began started on the question of Khilafat?
discussing with Mahatma Gandhi about the possibility (a) 1918 (b) 1920
of a united mass action on the issue and to rouse anti (c) 1922 (d) 1924
British feelings among the Muslims of India. The MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1992
Khilafat Movement did bring the urban Muslims into
Ans-(b) Gandhi saw the Khilafat Movement as an
the fold of the National Movement. This was the period opportunity to bring Muslims under the umbrella of a
when the leaderships of Congress and the Khilafat unified national movement. At the Calcutta session of
movement often overlapped. This was in tune with the Congress in September 1920, he (Gandhi)
Gandhi’s idea that British can be fought only with convinced other leaders of the need to start a Non-
united Hindus and Muslims. Strike, demonstrations, and Cooperation Movement in support of Khilafat as well as
Satyagrahas took place around the country, while for Swaraj.
“Hindu-Musalman Ki Jai” was the famous slogan. 21. The Khilafat Movement received support from
There was a predominant element of anti-imperialism in both Hindus and Muslims and it was led from the
both the National and Khilafat Movements. front by Gandhiji. In spite of this, the movement
17. Which of the following Indian leaders did not lost momentum. Why?
support the Khilafat Movement? (a) Office of Khalifa was abolished in Turkey itself
(a) Jawahar Lal Nehru and better terms offered to Turkey
(b) Madan Mohan Malviya (b) Muslim League's opposition to the Indian
National Congress
(c) Mohammad Ali
(c) Special concessions given to the Muslims by the
(d) Swami Shraddhananda
British government
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2008 (d) Internal frictions between the Congress and the
Ans-(b) Madan Mohan Malviya did not participate in Muslim League
the Khilafat Movement and he condemned Gandhi’s UPSC (CAPF) G.S.Ist 2011
endorsement and the participation of Indian National Ans-(a) Khilafat Movement collapsed by late 1922
Congress in the Khilafat Movement. He presided over when Turkey gained a more favorable diplomatic
four sessions of Indian National Congress in 1909, position and moved towards nationalism. The
1918, 1932 and 1933 but owing to his arrest by the movement came to an end in 1924 when the
Government of India he could not preside over the 1932 government of Turkey led by Kamal Pasha abolished
and 1933 sessions which had been banned. the post of Khalifa (Caliph).

History of Modern India 183 YCT

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25.
Non-Cooperation Movement
1. Who raised the demand of ‘Complete (a) 1 and 3 only
Independence’ for the first time in 1921? (b) 2 and 3 only
(a) Maulana Muhammad Ali (c) 1 and 2 only
(b) Mahatma Gandhi (d) More than one of the above
(c) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru (e) None of the above
(d) Maulana Hasrat Mohani
68th BPSC 2022
BPSC (Pre) 2015
Ans. (c): Social groups which participated in Non-
Ans-(d) The famous Urdu poet and Congress leader,
Maulana Hasrat Mohani raised the demand of cooperation Movement were –
‘Complete Independence’ for the first time in 1921 in 1. Middle Class participation in towns and cities.
All India Congress Forum. 2. Workers in plantations.
2. During which movement did Gandhiji call for 3. Peasants in Countryside.
boycott of the Prince of Wales? 4. Tribal's.
(a) Khilafat Movement So, statement 1 is incorrect. The Justice party of Madras
(b) Non-Cooperation Movement did not boycot the elections so, statement 2 is incorrect.
(c) Civil Disobedience Movement Thousands of students left government controlled
(d) Quit India Movement schools, headmasters and teachers resigned and lawyers
MPPSC (Pre) 2024 23/06/2024 gave up their practice, statement 3 is correct.
Ans.(b): The prince of Wales riots occured in Bombay 5. "British rule was established in India with the
British India between 17th and 20th November 1921 cooperation of Indians, and survived only
during the visit of Edward, Prince Wales. The visit because of this co-operation. If Indians refused
came during the non-cooperation movement protests for to co-operate, British rule in India would
Indian self-rule led by Mahatma Gandhi and Indian collapse with in a year and Swaraj would come,
National Congress. Gandhiji called for his supporters to "who said this?
boycott the prince's visit and carryout a general strike.
(a) Sardar Vallabhai Patel
3. Which of the following statement regarding the (b) Motilal Nehru
Indian freedom struggle is not correct?
(c) Mahatma Gandhiji
(a) Gandhiji withdrew from the Non-Cooperation
Movement due to the Chauri-Chaura Incident. (d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(b) Gandhiji gave his first major public speech at (e) Answer not known
Banaras Hindu University TNPSC (Pre) 2022
(c) Mahatma Gandhi was arrested in the year Ans. (c) : Mahatma Gandhi declared that British rule
1921 was established in India with the co-operation of
(d) More than one of the above Indians and had survived only because of this co-
(e) None of the above operation. If Indians refuse to co-operate, British rule in
68th BPSC 2022 India would collapse within a year and Swaraj would
Ans. (c): Mahatma Gandhi was arrested on 10 march come.
1922 at Sabarmati Ashram Ahmedabad for writing three 6. Who was the President of the special session of
articles in his newspaper Young India. So, option (c) is Indian National Congress held in Calcutta in
not correct. Rest two statements are correct. September, 1920 in which the resolution of
4. Which of the following statement are not Non-Cooperation Movement was passed?
correct regarding the Non-cooperation (a) Dadabhai Naoroji
Movement in the towns? (b) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
1. Only the upper caste and the rich took part
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai
in the movement.
2. The council elections were boycotted even (d) Vijaya Raghavachari
by the Justice Party of Madras. (e) Question not attempt
3. Thousands of students left government RPSC (Pre) 2023
controlled schools, headmasters and Ans.(c): The special session of Indian National
teachers resigned and lawyers gave up their Congress was held at Calcutta in 1920 under presidency
practice. of Lala Lajpat Rai.
History of Modern India 184 YCT
7. With reference to the E.V. Ramaswami Ans. (d): The objective of the Non- Cooperation
Nayakar, which of the following statement/s Movement in the resolution passed by Congress at its
is/are correct? Calcutta session in 1920 are:-
(a) He participated in the Non-Cooperation • Resignation from nominated offices and posts in the
Movement local bodies
(b) He left the congress in 1925. • Boycott of foreign goods
Select the correct answer using the code given • Surrender of titles and honorary offices-
below– • Promotion and maintenance of Hindu-Muslim unity.
Code : • Path of non-Violence.
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 11. Which of the following statements regarding
(c) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) Both 1 and 2 the Non-Cooperation Movement are correct?
1. The Indian Congress unanimously accepted
UPPCS (Pre) 2023 the proposal of non-cooperate
Ans. (d) : E.V. Ramashami Naicker popularty known as 2. Before the launch of the movement, Gandhiji
'Periyar' was the leader of self-respect movement. He gave a notice to the Viceroy about movement.
participated in the non-cooperation movement as a 3. Lokmanya Tilak Passed on the day the
congressman but left the party in 1925 because he movement was launched.
believed that the party ignored non-Brahmins in its Select the answer from the codes given below:
leadership. Hence both the statements are correct. (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
8. Which of the following institutions were not (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
established during the Non-Cooperation Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
Movement? Ans. (b): The Indian National Congress did not
I. Besant Theosophical College, Madanapalle unanimously accept the proposal of non-cooperation as
many leader of Congress led by C.R. Das opposed it.
II. Jamia Millia Islamia, Delhi Before the launch of the movement, Gandhiji gave a
III. Kashi Vidyapith, Benaras notice to the Viceroy about movement. On 1st August,
IV. Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 1920, the day Gandhiji launched the Non Cooperation
Choose the correct answer using the codes Movement, Tilak passed away, thus marking the end of
given below : one and beginning of another era that culminated in the
(a) I and II only (b) II and III only realization of his dream of free India.
(c) III and IV only (d) I and IV only 12. Consider the following statements:
APPSC (Pre) 2023 The Non- Cooperation Movement led to the-
Ans. (d) : During the Non-co-operation movement, 1. Congress becoming a mass movement for the
many national education institutes were established, first time.
Jamia Millia Islamia, Bihar Vidyapeeth and Gujarat 2. Growth of Hindu-Muslim unity.
Vidyapeeth were among them. Hence, option (d) is a 3. Removal of fear of the British ‘might’ from
right answer. the minds of the people.
4. British government’s willingness to grant
9. When was the Non-Cooperation Movement political concessions to Indians.
withdrawn? Of these statements:
(a) 1920 (b) 1922 (a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct (b) 2 and 3 are correct
(c) 1931 (d) 1927 (c) 1 and 3 are correct (d) 3 and 4 are correct
UK RO-ARO (Pre.) 2021 IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
Ans. (b): After the Chauri- Chaura incident (4 February, Ans-(*) Non-Cooperation Movement was a great
1922) at Gorakhpur, Mahatma Gandhi, who was strictly success as it got massive encouragement from millions
against violence, halted the Non-cooperation Movement of Indians. It was for the first time when Indian
at the national level on 12 February, 1922. National Congress became a mass movement. The
10. Which one of the following was not declared as people during the movement became confident of self-
an objective of the Non-cooperation Movement reliance. The fear of the British government was
in the resolution passed by Congress at its gradually getting out of their mind. It could be seen in
Calcutta Session in 1920? the Chauri-Chaura incident of February 5, 1922 when a
(a) Resignation from nominated offices and posts large number of protesters participating in the Non-
in the local bodies Cooperation Movement turned violent, attacked and set
(b) Boycott of foreign goods fire to a police station, killing 3 civilians and 22
(c) Surrender of titles and honorary offices policemen. After this incident Gandhi called a meeting of
(d) Refusal by government employees to attend Congress Working Committee (CWC) on February 12,
office 1922 (popularly known as Bardoli Resolution) and
Manipur PSC-2013 declared the withdrawal of Non-Cooperation Movement.

History of Modern India 185 YCT

Hindu-Muslim unity was one of the most prominent (vi) People did not get relief from Montagu
feature of non-cooperation movement. Therefore, the Chelmsford Reforms of 1919.
correct to the question should be 1, 2 & 3 only. Thus ‘Salt Law’ was not the cause for starting the Non-
13. Who among the following established anti-non- Cooperation Movement. Breaking the ‘Salt Law’ in
co-operation movement assembly? 1930, by Mahatma Gandhi started Civil Disobedience
(a) Jamna Das Thakur (b) Jairam Das Movement.
(c) Daulat Ram (d) Manilal Verma 17. With the reforms of 1919 having failed to fulfill
CGPSC (Pre) 2019 the aspirations of the people of India, the Indian
Ans. (a) : The resolution of Non-Cooperation National Congress launched an agitation for
Movement was passed during Nagpur session of ‘Swaraj’ or ‘Self-Government’ under the
Congress. Surendra Nath Banerjee, Madan Mohan leadership of:
Malviya, C.R. Das, Vipin Chandra Pal, Jinnah, Shankar (a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) G. K. Gokhale
Nayar and Jamuna Das Thakur opposed this resolution. (c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (d) Moti Lal Nehru
Among these, Jamuna Das Thakur established anti-non- UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
co-operation movement assembly. Ans-(a) Montagu Chelmsford Reforms, 1919 made the
14. Who led cultivators in Bihar during the Non- nationalists demanding self-government extremely
cooperation Movement? disappointed. In protest against this Act, Mahatma Gandhi
(a) Swami Vidyanand launched Non-Cooperation Movement on August 1, 1920.
(b) Raj Kumar Shukla 18. Given below are the two statements, one labeled
(c) Shri Krishna Singh as Assertion (A) and other labeled as Reason (R).
(d) J.B. Sen Examine both statements carefully and choose
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above the correct answer using the code given below-
65th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019 Assertion (A): Gandhi stopped the Non-Co-
Ans-(a) Swami Vidyanand led cultivators in Bihar operation Movement in 1922.
during the Non-Cooperation Movement. Reason (R): Violence at Chauri-Chaura led him
15. Gandhiji's Non-Cooperation Movement urged to stop the movement.
people to avoid alcohol. This resulted in a serious Code:
loss of revenue for the government. The (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct
government of a province circulated a list of explanation of A
prominent individuals who drank alcohol as a (b) Both A and R are true, but R is NOT a correct
device to persuade people to start drinking again. explanation of A
Name the province.? (c) A is true, but R is false
(a) Andhra Pradesh (b) Bihar (d) A is false, but R is true
(c) Bombay (d) Gujarat IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2004-05
64th BPSC (Pre)-2018-19 Ans-(a) The Chauri-Chaura incident took place on
Ans-(b) During Non-Cooperation Movement the February 4, 1922 when 22 policemen trapped inside
Government of Bihar and Odisha circulated a list of their station during the protest in a town called Chauri-
prominent drinkers like-Moses, Alexander, Napolean, Chaura, were burnt to death. Hearing of this incident,
Shakespeare, Gladstone etc to regain lost revenue. Gandhi called a meeting of Congress Working
16. Which one of the following was not a cause for Committee (CWC) on February 12, 1922 (popularly
starting the Non-Cooperation Movement? known as Bardoli Resolution) and declared the
(a) Question of Khilafat (b) Salt Law withdrawal of Non-Cooperation Movement. However
(c) Atrocities in Punjab (d) Rowlatt Act C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru strongly opposed the
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017 suspension of this movement.
Ans-(b) The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched 19. Consider the following statements:
on August 1, 1920 by Mahatma Gandhi. The Assertion (A) : Mahatma Gandhi postponed the
background of this movement lies in a series of events Non Cooperation Movement in 1922.
that happened after the First World War due to the steps Reason (R) : The postponement was opposed by
taken by the British Government in the Indian context. C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru.
The causes for starting the Non-Cooperation Movement Select the correct answer from the code given below:
is as follows- Code:
(i) Economic hardships due to the First World War. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct
(ii) Resentment at the British after the First World explanation of A
War. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is NOT a correct
(iii) Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. explanation of A
(iv) The anti-British opinion of Indian Muslims on the (c) A is true, but R is false
question of Khilafat. (d) A is false, but R is true
(v) Home Rule Movement of Annie Besant and UP UDA/LDA (Mains) 2010
Balgangadhar Tilak. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 186 YCT
20. Which of the following institutions were founded 24. Which of the following is the actual date of
during the Non-Cooperation Movement? Chauri Chaura incident?
1. Kashi Vidyapeeth (a) February 5, 1922 (b) February 4, 1922
2. Gujarat Vidyapeeth (c) February 2, 1922 (d) February 6, 1922
3. Jamia Milia UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2006
4. Kashi Hindu Vishva Vidyalaya Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below: 25. When was Non-Cooperation Movement
Code: suspended?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 (a) 1940 (b) 1932 (c) 1922 (d) 1920
(c) 1, 2 and 3 only (d) All of the above MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2005-06
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2005 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(c) The following institutions were founded during 26. In which district is Chauri Chaura situated?
the Non-Cooperation Movement (1919-20)- Kashi (a) Deoria (b) Gorakhpur
Vidyapeeth (Varanasi) in 1920, Gujarat Vidyapeeth (c) Kushinagar (d) Maharajganj
(Ahmedabad) in 1920, Jamia Millia Islamia (Aligarh) in
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. Ist Paper 2008
1920 (later transferred to Delhi). Kashi Hindu
UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2013
Vishvavidyalaya was founded by Madan Mohan
Ans-(b) Chauri Chaura is situated in the Gorakhpur
Malviya in Varanasi in 1916.
district of then United Province (now Uttar Pradesh),
21. Indicate true sequence of events concerning the
British India.
postponement of Non-Cooperation Movement:
1. Police firing in Chauri-Chaura 27. “To attain Swaraj in a year” was the aim of-
2. Police station set fired by violent crowd (a) Civil Disobedience Movement
3. Postponement of Movement by Gandhiji (b) Home Rule Movement
4. Arresting of Gandhiji (c) Khilafat Movement
Select your answer of the following code- (d) Non-Cooperation Movement
(a) 1, 2, 3, and 4 (b) 2, 1, 3 and 4 UPPCS (Mains) 2010
(c) 4, 1, 2 and 3 (d) 2, 1, 4 and 3 Ans-(d) With an aim of attaining ‘Swaraj in a year’
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1995 (slogan given by Mahatma Gandhi) the Non-
Ans-(a) The Chauri-Chaura incident took place on Cooperation Movement was started on August 1, 1920
February 4, 1922 when a large number of protesters but after the Chauri-Chaura incident of February 4,
participating in the Non-Cooperation Movement turned 1922, Mahatma Gandhi suspended the movement on
violent, attacked and set fire to a police station, killing 3 February 12, 1922.
civilians and 22 policemen. Hearing this incident 28. When did Gandhiji give the slogan of ‘Swaraj in
Gandhi called a meeting of Congress Working a year’?
Committee (CWC) on February 12, 1922 (popularly (a) During Dandi March
known as Bardoli Resolution) and declared the (b) Home Rule Movement
withdrawal of Non-Cooperation Movement. Subhash (c) Khilafat Movement
Chandra Bose called it ‘National Calamity’and said that (d) Non-Cooperation Movement
‘it is acceptance of failure’. In March, 1922 Gandhi was UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012
arrested for 6 years for charge of sedition on publication Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
of article in Young India and the Non-Cooperation 29. Mahatma Gandhi suspended the Non-
Movement came to an end. Cooperation Movement because-
22. "It is acceptance of failure", these words are (a) The support of public was not satisfactory.
said by Subhas Chandra Bose on the (b) Muslims set themselves apart from the government.
withdrawal of which one of the following (c) Repressive measures adopted by the British
Movements? Government.
(a) Non Co-operation (b) Civil Disobedience (d) The violent incident at Chauri-Chaura.
(c) Personal Satyagraha (d) Temple Entry Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2004-05
UPPSC ACF-RFO Main I Paper 2019 Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans. (a) : Kindly refer the explanation of above 30. Gandhiji withdrew the Non-Cooperation
question. Movement in 1922 due to-
23. The Chauri Chaura incident took place on- (a) Chauri-Chaura violence
(a) 1st February, 1922 (b) Arrest of Congress members
(b) 2nd February, 1922 (c) Acceptance of Gandhi’s demands by the British
(c) 4th February, 1922 Government
(d) 5th February, 1922 (d) Lack of public support
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993, 1995
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.

History of Modern India 187 YCT

31. Why did Mahatma Gandhi withdraw Non- Ans-(a) Rabindranath Tagore was against the movement
Cooperation Movement in 1922? and opposed the burning of foreign clothes and called it
(a) Most of the Congress leader arrested and were an indecipherable and inexorable waste.
in jail 37. Who among the following had opposed the
(b) The British partially agreed to accept the demands burning of foreign clothes during the Non-
(c) Due to the violence that took place at Chauri- Cooperation Movement and called
Chaura ‘indecipherable waste’?
(d) He did not see the possibility of success of the (a) C. R. Das (b) Motilal Nehru
movement
BPSC (Pre) 2003-04 (c) Rabindranath Tagore (d) Vallabhbhai Patel
MPPSC (Pre) 1994, 2008 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010, 2013
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
32. When did Gandhiji start Non-Cooperation 38. Who among the following supported Non-
Movement? Cooperation Movement but could not see it’s
(a) 1920 (b) 1919 (c) 1921 (d) 1922 result?
BPSC (Pre) 2000-01, 2007-08 (a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (b) Lala Lajpat Rai
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (c) Motilal Nehru (d) Chittaranjan Das
33. In which year Indian National Congress started UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2010
Non-Cooperation Movement? Ans-(a) The Non-Cooperation Movement was started
(a) 1918 (b) 1919 (c) 1920 (d) 1921 by Mahatma Gandhi on August 1, 1920 and lasted till
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1990 1922. On the same day Bal Gangadhar Tilak died.
UP Lower (Pre) 2008 Hence he could not see it’s results. He supported the
BPSC (Pre) 2011 Non-Cooperation Movement launched by Gandhi.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 39. Where was Mahatma Gandhi when Chauri-
Chaura episode took place?
34. Who among the following had moved the Non- (a) At Delhi (b) At Calcutta
Cooperation resolution in the Nagpur Session of
(c) At Chauri-Chaura (d) At Bardoli
the Indian National Congress in 1920?
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2011
(a) C. R. Das (b) Annie Besant
Ans-(d) During the Chauri-Chaura incident, Mahatma
(c) B. C. Pal (d) Madan Mohan Malviya Gandhi was at Bardoli, Gujarat. Mahatma Gandhi
UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006 launched Non-Cooperation Movement on August 1,
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2011 1920. But hearing the violent Chauri-Chaura incident he
Ans-(a) On 4 September 1920, Congress met at called a meeting of Congress Working Committee
Calcutta in a special session. This special session was (CWC) on February 12, 1922 (popularly known as
presided over by Lala Lajpat Rai. In this session Gandhi Bardoli Resolution) at Bardoli and declared the
strongly projected that if the Non-cooperation withdrawal of Non-Cooperation Movement and called it
movement gets successful, Swaraj could be attained in his ‘Himalayan Blunder’.
One year. This was something immediately repudiated 40. After which incident, Mahatma Gandhi had
by C. R. Das. In December 1920, Congress met once called Non-Cooperation Movement as his
again in the Nagpur Session. This time the differences ‘Himalayan Blunder’?
of C. R. Das had melted away. He moved the main (a) Chauri-Chaura (b) Kheda Satyagraha
resolution of Non-Cooperation. (c) Nagpur Satyagraha (d) Rajkot Satyagraha
35. The first mass movement launched by Mahatma BPSC (Pre) 2015
Gandhi was- Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Non Cooperation Movement 41. In which area was Rahul Sankrityayan active in
(b) Salt Movement the Non-Cooperation Movement?
(c) Quit India Movement (a) Chhapra (b) Delhi
(d) Neel Movement (c) Lucknow (d) Patna
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2007 BPSC (Pre) 2015
Ans-(a) The Non Cooperation Movement was the first Ans-(a) Rahul Sankrityayan originally called Kedar
mass movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi on Nath Pandey was active in Chhapra, Bihar during the
August 1, 1920. Non-Cooperation Movement. He along with Nagnarayan
36. Which of the following had taken burning of the spread the message of Non-Cooperation in Chhapra. He is
foreign clothes as an insensate waste during the also called the ‘Father of Hindi travel literature’.
Non-Cooperation Movement? 42. The title given by British Government to
(a) Rabindranath Tagore (b) Mohammad Ali Mahatma Gandhi which he surrendered during
(c) Lord Reading (d) Motilal Nehru the Non-Cooperation Movement was-
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2002 (a) Hind Kesari (b) Kaiser-i-Hind
(c) Rai Bahadur (d) Rt. Honorable
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2002-03
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1993
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004 UP Lower (Pre) 2004
History of Modern India 188 YCT
 Ans. (b) The Kaiser-i-Hind Medal for Public Service in 47. Which among the following was not a
India was a medal awarded by the British monarch to programme adopted by the Congress while
civilians of any nationality who rendered distinguished launching the Non-Cooperation Movement?
service in the advancement of the interests of the British (a) Surrender of titles and honorary offices,
Raj. Mahatma Gandhi was awarded the title of Kaiser-i- resignation from nominated seats in local bodies,
Hind in 1915 by Lord Hardinge for his contribution to boycott of the official and semi official functions
Indian Ambulance Corp formed in late October, 1899 in (b) Withdrawal of children from government
South Africa. He returned the title in 1920 during the schools and colleges
Non-Cooperation Movement. Jamnalal surrendered his (c) Boycott of elections, foreign goods and
title of “Rai Bahadur’ during this movement. government courts
43. Along with Mahatma Gandhi who amongst the (d) Refusal to pay revenues to the government
following Muslims did lift the bier of Bal UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2010
Gangadhar Tilak? Ans-(d) Refusal to pay taxes to the government was not
(a) Shaukat Ali (b) Mohammad Ali a programme adopted by the congress in Non-
(c) Maulana A.K. Azad (d) M.A. Ansari Cooperation Movement.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014 48. Who tabled a vote of censure against Gandhiji
Ans-(a) Mahatma Gandhi along with Shaukat Ali, Dr. for calling off the Non-Cooperation Movement at
Kitchloo and Lala Lajpat Rai lifted the bier of Bal the meeting of All India Congress Committee
Gangadhar Tilak. It is worth notable that Bal Gangadhar held on February 24, 1922 at Delhi?
Tilak died on August 1, 1920 on the first day of (a) K. T. Shah (b) Bipin Chandra Pal
launching of Non-Cooperation Movement. (c) Subhash Chandra Bose (d) Dr. Moonje
44. The main outcome of 1921-22 Non-Cooperation UPPCS (Mains) 2002
Movement was- Ans-(d) The Congress Working Committee (CWC) met
(a) Hindu-Muslim unity
at Delhi on February 22, 1922 and decided to ban all the
(b) More powers to provinces
activities which were considered as violation of the law.
(c) Increase in elected members to the Central
In the same meeting Dr. Moonje tabled a vote of
Legislative Assembly
censure against Mahatma Gandhi for calling off the
(d) Division in the Indian National Congress
Non-Cooperation Movement.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2005
Ans-(a) The Non-Cooperation Movement was an 49. Who of the following had informed Mahatma
Gandhi about Chauri-Chaura episode by telegram?
unsuccessful attempt in 1920–22, organized by
(a) Firaq Gorakhpuri (b) Baba Raghav Das
Mahatma Gandhi to induce the British government of (c) Vishwanath Mukherji (d) Dashrath Prasad Dwivedi
India to grant self-government or Swaraj to India. It was UPPSC Food Safety Inspector Exam 2013
one of Gandhi's first organized acts of large-scale civil Ans-(d) Mahatma Gandhi launched Non-Cooperation
disobedience (Satyagraha). The main outcome of Non- Movement on August 1, 1920. Dashrath Prasad
Cooperation Movement during the period of 1921-22 Dwivedi informed Mahatma Gandhi about Chauri-
was the unity among Hindus and Muslims. The desire Chaura episode by telegram. Hearing the violent
of freedom had developed in the common people which incident he called a meeting of Congress Working
demonstrated the involvement of all the sections of the Committee (CWC) on February 12, 1922 popularly
society in the Non-Cooperation Movement. known as Bardoli Resolution and declared the
45. Who among the following gave up his legal withdrawal of Non-Cooperation Movement.
practice during the Non-Cooperation Movement? 50. Who left Patna College with just 20 days
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) M. M. Malviya remaining for his examination during the Non-
(c) Tej Bahadur Sapru (d) Chittaranjan Das Cooperation Movement?
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1999 (a) Rajendra Prasad (b) Braj Kishore
Ans-(d) Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Chittaranjan Das, Motilal (c) Jai Prakash Narayan (d) Sri Krishna Sinha
Nehru, Jawaharlal Nehru, Vitthal Bhai Patel and (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Vallabhbhai Patel gave up their legal practice during the BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017
Non-Cooperation Movement. Ans-(c) Jai Prakash Narayan was born on 11th October,
46. Which one of the following statements is not 1902, in village Sitab Diyara of Saran district of Bihar.
correct about Non-Cooperation Movement? After completing his matriculation examination at the
(a) The period of the Movement was from 1920 to 1922 age of 18 in 1920, he started working in Patna. On the
(b) Attaintment of Swaraj within a year was its motto call of the nationalist leader Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(c) It comprised the programme of the boycott for giving up British education, he left Patna College,
(d) M. A. Jinnah supported this movement barely 20 days before his exam and joined Bihar
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2013 Vidyapeeth, a college founded by Dr. Rajendra Prasad.
Ans-(d) Mohammad Ali Jinnah did not participate in Leaving his wife Prabhavati in Sabarmati Ashram of
Non-Cooperation Movement. He and Muslim league Mahatma Gandhi, Jayaprakash Narayan sailed abroad to
criticized the idea of Non-Cooperation Movement. California in 1922 to join Berkeley University.
History of Modern India 189 YCT

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26.
Revolutionary Activities
Abroad India
1. Sardar Udham Singh killed whom? Ans. (d) The first tri-coloured flag was hoisted by
(a) Curzon Wyllie Madam Bhikaji Cama at Stuttgart, Germany, on August
(b) Michael O'dwyar 22, 1907. The flag consisted of three coloured stripes
(c) Saunders including saffron followed by yellow in the middle and
(d) General Dyer green at the bottom.
(e) None of the above/More than one of the 5. Interim Government under the leadership of
above Raja Mahendra Pratap Singh was founded in
Kabul with the support of Germany during
67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021
the–
Ans. (b) : Sardar Udham Singh killed Michael O' dwyar (a) Ghadar Movement
at a joint meeting of the East India Association and the (b) Swadeshi Movement
Central Asian Society (Now Royal Society for Asian (c) Second World War
Affairs) in Caxton Hall in West Minster, London on (d) Home Rule Movement
13th march 1940. As he was responsible for Jallianwala (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Bagh Massacre which took place on 13th April 1919. 66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre)
2. Who among the following started the Ghadar Ans. (a) : During the Ghadar Movement, Raja
Movement in United States of America? Mahendra Pratap Singh founded the Interim
(a) Lala Dayaram (b) Lala Hardayal Government at Kabul (Afghanistan) with support of
(c) Sardhar Singh (d) Swaranjit Singh Germany, on 1st December 1915. He himself became
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019 the President and Maulavi Barkatullah was made Prime
Ans. (b): The Ghadar Party was an international Minister of the Government in exile, of free Hindustan.
political movement consisting of expatriate Indians to 6. A Provincial Government of India with Raja
overthrow British rule in India. The official founding Mahendra Pratap as its President was established
has been dated to a meeting on 15 July 1913 in Astoria, during the First World War in-
Oregon, the United States of America. The Ghadar (a) Afghanistan (b) Germany
Party, initially named the Pacific Coast Hindustan (c) Singapore (d) Turkey
Association was formed under the leadership of Lala UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2012
Har Dayal, and Sohan Singh Bhakna as its president. UP UDA/LDA Spl. (M) 2010
The Ghadar party found a large support base among Ans.(a): Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Indian expatriates living in the United States, Canada, 7. Who among the following established a
East Africa and Asia. Republican Government abroad?
3. Who among the following formed ‘Indian (a) Mahendra Pratap
Independence Committee’ in Berlin? (b) Subhash Chandra Bose
(a) Baba Guru Dutt Singh (c) Ras Behari Bose
(b) Lala Hardayal (d) None of the above
(c) Subhash Chandra Bose UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991
(d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2008
UPPSC APO 2022 Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
8. Where did Madam Cama unfurl India's
Ans.(b): Indian Independence Committee in Berlin was
tricolour flag of freedom?
established in 1915 by Lala Hardayal, Virendranath
(a) Paris (b) London
Chattopandhyay, Bhupendra nath Dutta and others with
(c) Stuttgart (d) Geneva
the help of German foreign office under Zimmerman plan.
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
4. Where did Madam Cama hoist the first tricolour 66th BPSC 2020(pre)
flag in 1907? Ans.(c): Madam Bhikaji Rustom Cama became the first
(a) London (b) Paris person to hoist Indian flag on foreign soil in Stuttgart in
(c) Moscow (d) Stuttgart Germany on 22 August 1907.
BPSC (Pre) 2015
History of Modern India 190 YCT
9. Which of the following statements is/are Ans-(b) Sohan Singh Bhakna founded ‘Hindustan
correct about Ghadar movement? Association of the Pacific Coast’ organization in 1913
(1) The Ghadar Movement began, in 1913 in at San Francisco, North America. The organization used
California, as a coalition of expatriate to publish a newspaper named ‘Ghadar’ that is why the
Punjabis dedicated to raising money and organization was later named as ‘Ghadar Party.’ Lala
support for the overthrow of British rule Hardayal was also one among the founder members of
this party.
in India.
(2) It was organized and headed by a Punjabi 13. Who was the founder of the Ghadar Party?
Lala Lajpat Rai and Bipin Chandra Pal (a) Barktullah (b) Lala Hardayal
(3) The Ghadar movement organized to print (c) Bhagat Singh (d) Lala Lajpat Rai
pamphlets and even to send arms and Uttarakhand RO/ARO (M) G.S. Ist 2016
volunteers for a revolution in India. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(4) In the 1920s, however, the Ghadar Party 14. Ghadar Party was founded in-
was reorganized and it continued as a focal (a) Afghanistan (b) Burma
point for Punjabi and Sikh identity until (c) England (d) United States of America
the time of Indian Independence in 1947. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2008
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 2, 3 and 4 only UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2013
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I 15. Ghadar Party was established in the year-
Ans. (c): The Ghadar Party was an international (a) 1907 (b) 1913
Political movement consisting of expatriate Indians to (c) 1917 (d) 1920
overthrow British rule in India. The official founding BPSC (Pre) 1996
has been dated to a meeting on 15 July 1913 in Astoria, Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Oregon, California the United States of America. 16. .................-a Ghadarite leader referred to the
• The Ghadar Party, initially named the pacific coast Mexican revolutionaries as the Mexican
Hindustan Association under the leadership of Lala Ghadarites.
Har Dayal, Baba Jawala Singh and Sohan Singh (a) Ajit Singh
Bhakna as its President. (b) Barkatullah
• Upon the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, (c) Lala Har Dayal
some members of the Ghadar Party arrived in Punjab (d) Sohan Singh Bhakna
to foment an armed revolution for the independence West Bengal PSC Pre-2022
of India. They printed and distributed pamphlets and Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I
were also successful in smuggling arms and inciting Ans.(c): Lala Har Dayal referred the Mexican
the Indian soldiers in the British Army to mutiny. revolutionaries as the Mexican Ghadarites.
10. The Ghadr (Ghadar) was a- • Lala Har Dayal moved from Paris to Algeria and
(a) Revolutionary association of Indian with from there to Martinique where he led a life of a
headquarters at San Francisco Ascetic.
(b) Nationalist organization operating from Singapore • He founded the Ghadar Party in 1913. He was
(c) Militant organization with headquarters at arrested by US government for spreading anarchism.
Berlin 17. Where were the Ghadar revolutionaries, who
(d) Communist movement for India’s freedom with became active during the outbreak of the World
headquarters at Tashkent War I based?
IAS (Pre) Ist Paper G.S. 2014 (a) Central America (b) North America
Ans-(a) The Ghadr (Ghadar) was a revolutionary association (c) West America (d) South America
of Indian with headquarters at San Francisco (USA). IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005
11. The headquarter of the Ghadar Party was based Ans-(b) San Francisco in North America was the center
in- of revolutionaries of Ghadar Movement during the First
(a) Newyork (b) San Francisco World War. The Ghadar Party was an Indian
revolutionary organization primarily founded
(c) Paris (d) London by Punjabis. The party was multi-ethnic and had Sikh,
UPPSC Food and Sanitary Inspector Exam 2013 Hindu and Muslim leaders.
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 18. What was Kamagatamaru?
12. Who was the leader of the Ghadar Party? (a) A political party based in Taiwan
(a) Bhagat Singh (b) Lala Hardayal (b) Peasant Communist leader of China
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (d) V. D. Savarkar (c) A naval ship of voyage to Canada
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998 (d) A Chinese village where Mao Tse Tung began
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2004 his long march
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2008 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2013 UPPCS (Pre) Re-Exam G.S. 2015
UPPCS (Mains) Ist G.S. 2015 Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2002-03
History of Modern India 191 YCT
 Ans-(c) The Komagatamaru was a Japanese steamship 24. In which one of the following languages was the
chartered by an affluent Punjabi businessman, Gurdip first issue of the Journal Ghadar published?
Singh to bring Indian immigrants to Canada. The Ship (a) Urdu (b) Hindi
sailed from British Hong Kong, via Shanghai, China, (c) British (d) Marathi
and Yokohama, Japan, to Vancouver, British Columbia, UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007
Canada, in 1914, carrying 376 passengers from Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Punjab, British India. Of them, 24 were admitted to 25. The journal ‘Ghadar’ published by Indian
Canada, but the other 352 passengers were not allowed
revolutionaries in United States of America was
to disembark in Canada. When the steamship reached
published in how many languages?
Budge-Budge port at Calcutta, the police went to arrest
(a) 1 (b) 2
Baba Gurdip Singh and the twenty or so other men that
they viewed as leaders. He resisted arrest, a friend of his (c) 3 (d) 4
assaulted a policeman and a general riot ensued. Shots UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006
were fired and 18 of the passengers were killed and 202 Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
passengers were sent to jail. 26. What was the cause of outbreak of Ghadar
19. Who among the following was associated with revolution?
‘Komagatamaru episode’? (a) Arresting of Lala Hardayal
(a) Sardar Ajit Singh (b) Baba Gurdip Singh (b) Komagata Maru incident
(c) V. D. Savarkar (d) Sardar Bhagat Singh (c) Beginning of First World War
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2014 (d) Hanging of Kartar Singh Sarabha
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. BPSC (Pre) 1994
20. India House in London was established by- Ans-(b) The Komagata Maru incident is an important
(a) Shyamji Krishna Verma cause for the outbreak of the Ghadar revolution.
(b) Bartullah 27. What is common among Madam Bhikaji Cama,
(c) Virendranath Chattopadhyay M. Barkatulla, V.V.S. Iyer and M. N. Roy?
(d) Lala Har Dayal (a) All of them were leading members of the
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2014 International Communist Movement
Ans-(a) The India House also known as Indian Home (b) M. Barkatulla was the Prime Minister and the
Rule Society was established by Shyamji Krishna rest were Ministers in the Provisional
Verma in February, 1905 at London. The main aim of Government of Free India established by a
the society was to establish self governance (self rule or
group of revolutionaries at Kabul
home rule) by intimidating the British Government.
(c) All of them were among the prominent
21. Who was the founder of the 'India House' in
revolutionaries outside India operating in
London?
different countries during the Freedom
(a) Shyamji Krishna Verma
Movement
(b) Rash Behari Bose
(c) Ramchandra (d) All of them were accused in the case relating to
(d) Taraknath Das the throwing of a bomb on Lord Hardinge
(e) None of the above/ More than one of the above IAS (Pre) G.S. 1994
65th BPSC (Pre) 2019 Ans-(c) Madam Bhikaji Cama, M. Barkatulla, V.V.S.
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Iyer and M. N. Roy all of them were among the
22. Shyamji Krishna Verma established Indian prominent revolutionaries outside India operating in
Home Rule Society in: different countries during the Freedom Movement.
(a) London (b) Paris 28. Which one of the following wanted to continue
(c) Berlin (d) San Francisco with the provisions related to the security of
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2004 India at the time of peace also, which were used
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. in Punjab in the year 1915 against the Ghadar?
23. The journal ‘Ghadar’ of Ghadar Party was a- (a) Lord Carmichael
(a) Monthly journal (b) Fornightly journal (b) Sir Reginald Cradock
(c) Weekly journal (d) Daily journal (c) Lord Hardinge
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013 (d) William Bentinck
Ans-(c) Starting on November 1, 1913, the Ghadar BPSC (Pre) 2003-04
Party put out a weekly journal called ‘Ghadar’, meaning Ans-(c) Lord Hardinge was the Viceroy of India from
revolt, using a small hand press. The paper first came 1910 till 1916. He was sympathetic towards the Indians
out in Urdu, then Gurmukhi, a language spoken in part and wished to win their goodwill. He wanted to
of the northwest in India. It was the weekly journal it continue the provisions related to the security of India
was first published in Urdu in 1913. After this, it was during peace which was used at Punjab in 1915 against
published in English. Punjabi, Marathi and Pashto also. the Ghadar Movement.
History of Modern India 192 YCT

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27.
Formation of Swaraj Party
1. Who established Swaraj Dal in Bihar ? (c) C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru
(a) Shri Krishna Singh (d) B.R. Ambedkar
(b) Ramlal Shah (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
(c) Bankim Chandra Mitra 66th BPSC 2020(pre)
(d) More than one of the above Ans. (c): Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(e) None of the above 5. Who of the following was not associated with
68th BPSC 2022 Swaraj Party?
(a) Motilal Nehru (b) Iyengar
Ans. (a): Swaraj Dal in Bihar was established by Shri (c) Rajagopalachari (d) Vitthal Bhai Patel
Krishna Singh in 1923. Swaraj Dal, also known as UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991
Swaraj Party was a political party formed in India on 1 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
January 1923 after Gaya annual conference in
6. Motilal Nehru was the leader of Swaraj Party.
December 1922 of the National congress.
Who of the following was not in the party?
2. Who was the founder of Swaraj Party? (a) Srinivas Iyer (b) Chittaranjan Das
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Jawaharlal Nehru (c) Vitthalbhai Patel (d) C. Rajagopalachari
(c) C. R. Das (d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993
UP Lower (Pre) 2009 Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(c) After the Chauri-Chaura incident, Mahatma 7. Who of the following was not associated with
Gandhi withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement in Swaraj Party?
1922. This was met with a lot of disagreements among (a) Motilal Nehru (b) C. R. Das
leaders of the Congress Party. While some wanted to (c) N. C. Kelkar (d) Rajendra Prasad
continue Non-Cooperation Movement, others wanted to UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2014
end the legislature boycott and contest elections. They Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
formally were called no-changers and such leaders 8. What was the name of the party formed by
included Rajendra Prasad, Sardar Vallabhai Patel, C. Motilal Nehru and C.R. Das in 1923 A.D?
Rajagopalachari, etc. The others who wanted to enter (a) Independence Party (b) Ghadar Party
the legislative council and obstruct the British (c) Swaraj Party (d) Indian National Party
government from within were called the pro-changers. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2016
These leaders included C. R. Das, Motilal Nehru, Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Srinivasa Iyengar, etc. In 1922, in the Gaya session of
9. Which of the following was associated with the
the Congress, C. R. Das (who was presiding over the
formation of ‘Swaraj Party’?
session) moved a proposal to enter the legislatures but it
1. Subhas Chandra Bose 2. C. R. Das
was defeated. In January, 1923 C. R. Das and other
3. Jawaharlal Nehru 4. Motilal Nehru
leaders broke away from the Congress and formed the
Code:
Swaraj Party or the Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party. C. R. (a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 3
Das was the President and the Secretary was Motilal (c) 2 and 3 (d) 2 and 4
Nehru. Prominent leaders of the Swaraj Party included N.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996, 1998
C. Kelkar, Hussain Shaheed Suhrawardy, Vitthal Bhai
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2002-03
Patel, Srinivasa Iyengar and Subhas Chandra Bose.
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
3. Why Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2005-06
formed a separate group known as Swaraj Party BPSC (Pre) 2011
within the Congress? Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) They were not satisfied with the progress made
by the Congress in achieving Swaraj 10. The Khilafat Swaraj Party was founded by-
(b) It was their reaction to Mahatma Gandhi’s (a) Rajendra Prasad
sudden decision to suspend the Non- (b) Subhas Chandra Bose
(c) C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru
Cooperation Movement
(d) B. R. Ambedkar
(c) They were interested in forming more active
party with revolutionary ideas UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994
(d) They felt that their opinions and views were not Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
given due importance in the Congress Sessions 11. Who among the following resigned from the
UPSC APFC/EPFO 2004 presidency of the Congress for making Swaraj Party?
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (a) C. R. Das (b) Motilal Nehru
4. Who established Swaraj Party in 1923? (c) Vitthalbhai Patel (d) Pherozshah Mehta
(a) Mahatma Gandhi UPPCS Spl. (Pre) G.S. 2004
(b) Vallabhbhai Patel Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 193 YCT
 12. Swaraj Party was formed following the failure of- (c) To wreck the scheme of the reform of 1919 by a
(a) Non-Cooperation Movement policy of uniform, continuous and consistent
(b) Civil Disobedience Movement obstruction
(c) Rowlatt Bill Satyagraha (d) To exhibit displeasure over the failure of Non-
(d) Champaran Satyagraha Cooperation Movement
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2010
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1999, 2017 Ans-(c) Swaraj Party also claimed to be an integral part
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. of the Congress and professes its adherence to Non-
13. Who of the following is known as ‘Deshbandhu’? Violence & Non-Cooperation Movement and decided to
(a) Chandrashekhar (b) Chittaranjan Das boycott the legislatures. The main aim of the party was
(c) A. O. Hume (d) B. G. Tilak to wreck the scheme of the reform of 1919 by a policy
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2006 of uniform, continuous and constituent obstruction.
Ans-(b) Chittaranjan Das is also known by the name of 17. Who among the following supported Swaraj
‘Deshbandhu’. He was the political guru of Subhas Party in Central Legislative Assembly in pre-
Chandra Bose. It is worth notable that C. F. Andrews is independent India?
known as ‘Deenbandhu’. (a) M. A. Jinnah
14. Who was the political guru of Subhas Chandra (b) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Bose?
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru
(a) G. K. Gokhale (b) C. R. Das UPPCS (Pre) G.S. Ist 2017
(c) B. C. Pal (d) B. G. Tilak
Ans-(a) The Swaraj Party won 42 out of 104 elected
UPPSC RO/ARO (Pre) 2017 seats in the elections of November, 1923 with a clear
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. majority in the provincial assemblies of Central
15. For which of the following reason/reasons, Provinces and in legislatures they joined hand with the
Swaraj Party was founded in India? liberals under the leaders such as Mohammad Ali Jinnah
1. Withdraw of Non-Cooperation Movement by and Madan Mohan Malviya.
Mahatma Gandhi. 18. The National Leader who was elected President
2. Entering in the council and rejection of the (Speaker) of the Central Legislative Assembly in
Government of India Act of 1919 by don’t let 1925 was-
them work. (a) Motilal Nehru (b) C. R. Das
3. Repression by the British Government. (c) Vallabhbhai Patel (d) Vitthalbhai Patel
4. It is believed by the Indians that they should UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2012
feel the experience of administration. Ans-(d) Vitthal Bhai Patel was elected as the President
Code: of the Central Legislative Assembly in 1925. He played
an important role in Rowlatt Satyagraha of 1919 and
(a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 2
Non-Cooperation Movement of 1920.
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1, 3 and 4
19. Who among the following was the President of
UP Lower (Pre) 1998 Central Legislative Assembly in August, 1925?
Ans-(b) After the Chauri-Chaura incident, Mahatma (a) C. R. Das (b) Motilal Nehru
Gandhi withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement in (c) M. R. Jaykar (d) Vitthalbhai Patel
1922. This was met with a lot of disagreements among UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2016
leaders of the Congress Party. In 1922, in the Gaya session Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
of the Congress, C. R. Das (who was presiding over the 20. Consider the following freedom fighters:
session) moved a proposal to enter the legislatures but it 1. Barindra Kumar Ghosh
was defeated. In January, 1923 C. R. Das and other leaders 2. Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee
broke away from the Congress and formed the Swaraj 3. Rash Behari Bose
Party or the Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party. The main aim Who of the above was/were actively associated
of the party was new Central Assembly Elections which with the Ghadar Party?
were to be held in 1923 and they also wanted to disrupt the (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 only
official policy of the British Government by anti- (c) 1 and 3 (d) 3 only
UPSC 2022 (Pre)
government activities. The Swaraj Party demanded to
setup a responsible government in India along with the Ans.(d): The Ghadar Party was a political revolutionary
organization founded in the United States of America
necessary changes in the Government of India Act, 1919.
by migrated Indians. The formation of the Ghadar Party
16. Which among the following was the primary aim was primarily the work of Sikhs. Sohan Singh, Kartar
of the Swarajya Party? Singh, Lala Hardayal, Abdul Mohamed Barakatullah,
(a) To cooperate with the government in and Rashbehari Bose were among the prominent leaders
implementing the reforms of 1919 who laid the groundwork for the establishment of an
(b) To gain experience of the functioning of Indian political organization in the United States and
representative government Canada.
History of Modern India 194 YCT

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28.
Simon Commission and
Nehru Report
1. Lala Lajpat Rai was beaten to death for Ans. (b): The Simon Commission, also known as
protesting against the ______. Indian statutory commission. It was a seven members
(a) Jallianwala Bagh (b) Irwin Pact Commission Under the Chairman ship of sir John
(c) Simon Commission (d) None of the above Simon. The commission arrived in British India in
1928 to study constitutional reform in India.
Sikkim PSC (Pre) 2022 The commission paid two visits to India the first
Ans.. (c) : Lala Lajpat Rai was beaten to death for lasting from 3rd February 1928 to 31st March of the
protesting against the Simon Commission. same year and the second from 11th October 1928 to
2. Which of the following statements is/are 13th April 1929. Hence statement-II is incorrect.
correct regarding the Simon Commission? 4. Indian Statutory Commission was also known as
(i) The commission included seven Indians (a) Cripps Mission (b) Simon Commission
(ii) Mohammad Ali Jinnah joined hands with (c) Minto-Morley Reforms
(d) Montague-Chelmsford Reforms
the Congress over the protest against the
J&K PSC Pre-2018
Simon Commission.
Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(iii) Lala Lajpat Rai died during the protest
against the Simon Commission. 5. What was the main reason for boycott of Simon
(a) (i) only (b) (ii) and (iii) only Commission in India?
(c) (i) and (iii) only (d) (iii) only (a) Premature appointment
Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I (b) All members were English
(c) The President was the member of Liberal Party
Ans. (b):
(d) Gandhi’s Non Cooperation Movement
• The Indian statutory commission also known as
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2004
'Simon Commission' was a group of seven members
Ans-(b): Diarchy was introduced in India by the
of Parliament under the chairmanship of Sir John Government of India Act 1919. This Act also promised
Simon. The commission arrived in British India in that a commission would be appointed after 10 years to
1928 to study constitutional reforms. The review the working and progress made on the measures
commission was composed entirely of British taken through the Act. The Simon Commission was a
members with not a single Indian member being group of 7 MPs from Britain appointed by the British
included in it. This commission is also known as Conservative Government under Stanley Baldwin in
white man commission. 1927 that reached Bombay, India on February 3, 1928
• Mohammad Ali Jinnah joined hands with the to study constitutional reforms and make
congress over the protest against the Simon recommendations to the government. It was headed by
commission. Sir John Simon. It recommended a Federal form of
Government. The Commission was composed entirely
• Lala Lajpat Rai died on 17 November 1928, after
of British members with not a single Indian member
suffering grievous injuries during a lathi charge being included in it. This was seen as an insult to
carried out by the police during the protest against the Indians who were right in saying that their destiny could
Simon Commission. not be determined by a bunch of British people alone.
3. Consider the following statements with So Indians boycotted and opposed the commission and
reference to Simon Commission- called it ‘White Commission.’
1. It made two visits to India. 6. The Simon Commission was boycotted in India,
2. Its second visit was from October 11, 1929 to because
April 13, 1930. (a) It was not a Statutory Committee
Select the correct answer using the code given (b) It was an 'All White British Commission'
below: (c) Mahatma Gandhi gave a call to boycott it
Code − (d) It was appointed later on against the provision
(a) Neither 1 nor 2 (b) Only 1 of 1919
(c) Only 2 (d) Both 1 and 2 UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
UPPCS RO/ARO (Pre) 2023 (Cancelled) Ans: (b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.

History of Modern India 195 YCT

7. Why was Simon Commission opposed in India? (a) It recommended the replacement of diarchy
(a) It proposed the partition of India with responsible government in the provinces.
(b) There was no Indian member (b) It proposed the setting up of interprovincial
council under the Home Department.
(c) It denied the relief measures for Famine
(c) It suggested the abolition of bicameral
(d) All of the above legislature at the Centre.
Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017 (d) It recommended the creation of Indian Police
Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Service with a provision for increased pay and
8. The people of India agitated against the arrival of allowances for British recruits as compared to
Indian recruits.
Simon Commission because
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2010
(a) Indians never wanted the review of the working
Ans-(a) The Commission's report was published in
of the Act of 1919 1930. It recommended the abolition of diarchy and
(b) Simon Commission recommended the abolition setting up of representative governments in the
of Diarchy in the Provinces provinces. It also recommended the retention of
(c) There was no Indian member in the Simon separate communal electorates untill the communal
Commission tention had died down. The simon commission led to
(d) The Simon Commission suggested the partition the Government of India Act 1935 which acted as the
of the country basis for many parts of the current Indian constitution.
IAS (Pre) G.S. Ist 1998, 2013 14. Who among the following members of Simon
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2003 Commission belonged to Liberal Party?
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.. (a) Sir John Simon
9. When did Simon Commission visit India? (b) Major Atlee
(a) 1927 (b) 1928 (c) Stephen Walsh
(d) Viscount Burnham
(c) 1929 (d) 1931
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996
Ans-(a) The Chairman of Simon Commission, Sir John
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Simon belonged to Liberal Party. Other member of
10. Simon Commission was appointed in- commission are-
(a) 1925 (b) 1927 Clement Attlee (Labour Party)
(c) 1928 (d) 1930 Edward Cadogan (Conservative Party)
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2002-03 George Lane-Fox (Conservative Party)
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Donald Howard (3rd Baron Strathcona and Mount Royal)
11. ‘Simon Commission’ visited India for the first Harry Levy-Lawson (1st Viscount Burnham)
time in- Vernon Hartshorn (Labour Party)
(a) 1926 (b) 1928 15. On whose suggestions were the Indians kept out
(c) 1939 (d) 1942 of the Simon Commission?
BPSC (Pre) 1992-93 (a) Lord Reading (b) Lord Chelmsford
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (c) Sir John Simon (d) Lord Irwin
12. Which of the following statements are true about UP Lower (Pre) 2013
the Simon Commission ? Ans-(d) The Indians were kept out of the Simon
Commission on the recommendations of Lord Irwin.
Select the correct answer from the codes given
16. Assertion (A) : The Congress Boycotted the
below the statements :
Simon Commission.
1. It was appointed to enquire into the working
Reason (R) : The Commission did not have a
of the 1919 Act.
single Indian member.
2. It was headed by Sir John Simon. Codes :
3. It recommended a Federal form of (a) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
Government. correct explanation of (A).
4. It was opposed by the Indian leaders. (b) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the
Codes : correct explanation of (A).
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1,2 and 3 only (c) (A) is true, but (R) is false
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only (d) All the above (d) (A) is false, but (R) is true
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2005 MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2008
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Pre) 2010
13. With reference to Simon Commission's UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2010
recommendations, which one of the following UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010
statements is correct? UPPSC ACF (Pre) 2017

History of Modern India 196 YCT

 Ans-(a) The Simon Commission reached Bombay on 21. The radical wing of the Congress Party with
February 3, 1928 to study constitutional reforms and Jawaharlal Nehru as one of its main leaders
make recommendations to the British Government. The founded the independence for India League in
Congress party and other Indians opposed and opposition to-
boycotted the commission as it did not have any Indian (a) The Gandhi-Irwin Pact
member. Thus option (a) is correct. (b) The Home Rule Movement
17. With reference to the period of Indian freedom (c) The Nehru Report
struggle, which of the following was/were not (d) The Montford Reforms
recommended by the Nehru report? IAS (Pre) G.S. 1995
1. Complete Independence for India. Ans-(c) The young and extremists nationalists opposed
2. Joint electorates for reservation of seats for the Nehru report under the leadership of Jawaharlal
minorities. Nehru. They demanded to adopt the immediate goal of
3. Provisions of fundamental rights for the complete independence which later resulted in the form
people of India in the Constitution. of foundation of ‘Independence for India League’ by
Select the correct answer using the codes given Jawaharlal Nehru and Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.
below: 22. Who said, “The shots that hit me are the last
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only nails to the coffin of British rule in India”?
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 (a) Lala Lajpat Rai (b) Bhagat Singh
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2011 (c) Chandrashekhar Azad (d) Balgangadhar Tilak
Ans-(b) Nehru report was prepared by M.L. Nehru. It UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2007
recommended joint electorates with reservation of seats Ans-(a) The Simon Commission arrived at Bombay on
for minorities and provisions of fundamental rights February 3, 1928 and met with demonstrations with
including the right to give a speech, organize meetings banners and posters written ‘Simon Go Back’. In 1928,
and make organizations, unitary and democratic centers, when the Simon Commission visited Lahore, Lala
dominion status. The report did not contain the Lajpat Rai led a non-violent protest against it on
provisions related to complete independence for India October 30, 1928. The police struck back with lethal
hence statement (1) is incorrect. force carrying out a lathi-charge. Rai suffered serious
18. ‘Nehru Report’ was prepared by- injuries in the police assault and eventually died on
(a) M. L. Nehru (b) J. L. Nehru November 17, 1928 of a heart attack. While the British
(c) R. K. Nehru (d) B. L. Nehru forces were carrying out lathi charge on him, he said
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006 “The shot that hit me are the last nails to the coffin of
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. British rule in India.”
19. Which among the following was NOT the 23. Lala Lajpat Rai was seriously injured-
recommendation of the Nehru Report? (a) in protest to Rowlatt Act
(a) Dominion Status (b) in protest to Cripps Mission
(b) Separate Electorate (c) in protest against Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
(c) Unitary and Democratic Centre (d) in protest against Simon Commission
(d) Adult Suffrage UPPCS (Pre) G.S. Spl. 2004
UPSC CAPF Exam Ist 2017 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993
Ans-(b) Motilal Nehru report or Nehru report of 1928 Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
on the future constitution of India did not recommend 24. Who created the slogan ‘Simon Go Back’?
that India should be a federation on the basis of (a) Yusuf Meharally (b) Mahatma Gandhi
linguistic provinces and provincial autonomy, that (c) Lala Lajpat Rai (d) Motilal Nehru
elections be held on the basis of joint electorates and UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006
that seats in central and provincial legislatures be Ans-(a) Yusuf Meharally gave the slogan of ‘Simon Go
reserved for religious minorities in proportion to their Back’ among the communist leaders gathered in
Bombay in 1928.
population.
25. Who of the following was the President of ‘All
20. Who among the following had demanded first the
Parties Conference’ held in February 1928?
dominion status for India? (a) Motilal Nehru (b) Dr. M. A. Ansari
(a) Rajagopalachari and Sardar Patel (c) Subhashchandra Bose (d) M. K. Gandhi
(b) Pt. Motilal Nehru and Govind Ballabh Pant (e) None of the above
(c) Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru and Jaykar Chhattisgarh PCS (Pre) G.S. 2017
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru and Jagjeevan Ram UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2016
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2013 Ans-(b) The All Parties Conference was held on
Ans-(c) Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru and Jaykar were the February 12, 1928 at Delhi. The conference was
members of the committee to prepare Nehru report. presided over by Dr. M. A. Ansari. It was attended by
They had first demanded the dominion status for India. 29 organizations including the Indian National
However Pt. Motilal Nehru demanded to call a Congress. This conference proposed to draft a
representative conference to form constitution for constitution which provides to form a responsible
dominion status of India in March, 1926. government in India.
History of Modern India 197 YCT

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29.
Congress Lahore Conference and
Complete Swaraj 1929
1. In which Session Indian National Congress (a) Dadabhai Naoroji
passed Complete Independence Resolution? (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(a) 1924 AD Belgaon (b) 1929 AD Lahore (c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(c) 1931 AD Karachi (d) 1920 AD Nagpur (d) Surendra Nath Banerjee
(e) None of the above/More than one of the IAS (Pre) G.S. 2006
above UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2009
67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021 Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2006
Ans.(b): The Indian National Congress, on 19 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2006
December 1929, at Lahore, passed the 'Purna Swaraj UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004
(Complete independence) resolution. A public Ans-(b) In the end of December 1929, the Indian
declaration was made on 26 January 1930- a day which National Congress held its annual session in the city of
party urged Indians to celebrate as 'Independence Day'. Lahore. The session was significant for two things: the
election of Jawaharlal Nehru as President, signifying the
2. In which annual session of the Indian National passing of the baton of leadership to the younger
Congress made the historic 'Purna Swaraj' generation and the proclamation of commitment to
declaration? “Purna Swaraj” or Complete Independence. On
(a) 1907 Surat (b) 1920 Nagpur December 31, 1929 Jawaharlal Nehru hoisted the flag
(c) 1929 Lahore (d) 1940 Karachi of India’s independence on the bank of Ravi river in
(e) Answer not known Lahore. In a meeting of Indian National Congress held
TNPSC (Pre) 2022 on January 2, 1930 it was decided that ‘Complete
Independence Day’ will be celebrated on January 26,
Ans. (c) : The Indian National Congress made the 1930 and January 26 of every year will be celebrated as
historic Purna Swaraj declaration at it's Lahore session ‘Complete Independence Day.’
under the presidentship Jawahar Lal Nehru. 6. Who among the following presided the
************** Congress session held at Lahore in 1929 and
3. Before 1947, 26th January was called as passed Poorna Swaraj Resolution?
(a) Marty's Day (b) Constitution day (a) Jawaharlal Nehru (b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Poorna Swaraj Day (d) Republic Day (c) Motilal Nehru
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose
7th JPSC (Pre)2021
th
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
Ans. (c) : Before 1947, 26 January was called Purna Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Swaraj Day. On 26th January, 1930 for the first time in
7. Who raised the Flag of Independence at the
the country (under the presidency of) Jawaharlal Nehru Congress Session of 1929?
in the Congress Lahore session, ‘Purna Swaraj Day’ (a) Maulana Muhammad Ali
was celebrated. To maintain the importance of this date, (b) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
the constitution of India was adopted on 26th January (c) Vallabhbhai Patel
1950 and this day was declared as ‘Republic day’. (d) Subhas Chandra Bose
4. Which day was declared as 'Purna Swaraj Day' (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
by the Indian National Congress? 64th BPSC (Pre) 2018-19
(a) 26-01-1930 (b) 15-08-1947 Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) 30-01-1948 (d) 31-12-1950 8. The Lahore Congress Session of December, 1929
forced on-
(e) None of the above/More than one of the
(a) Home-Rule
above (b) Complete Independence
66th BPSC 2020(pre) (C) Colonial Self-Governance
Ans. (a) : Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (d) Proper participation of Indians in the
5. Who among the following was the President of administration
the Indian National Congress when the resolution UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2010
of ‘Purna Swaraj’ was passed? Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 198 YCT
 9. When did Jawaharlal Nehru become President of (c) Non-Cooperation Movement was launched
Indian National Congress for the first time? (d) decision to participate in the Round Table
(a) 1929 (b) 1927 Conference in London was taken
(c) 1921 (d) 1932 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2014
Uttarakhand RO/ARO (M) G.S. Ist 2016
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
10. Who hoisted the Indian flag at midnight of 17. The Lahore Session of Indian National Congress
December 31, 1929? in 1929 was presided over by-
(a) Motilal Nehru (b) Dr. Rajendra Prasad (a) Motilal Nehru (b) C. R. Das
(c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Jawaharlal Nehru (c) Jawaharlal Nehru (d) S. C. Bose
UP Lower (Pre) 2003-04 UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2010
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
11. In which one of the following Sessions of the
Indian National Congress 'Poorna Swaraj' was 18. The Poorna Swaraj Resolution adopted at the
declared the goal of Congress? Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress
(a) Lahore, 1929 (b) Karachi was moved by-
(c) Delhi (d) Bombay (a) B.G. Tilak (b) J. L. Nehru
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2008, 2011 (c) M. K. Gandhi (d) Sardar Patel
Jharkhand PCS (Pre) G.S. Ist 2013 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2009
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
12. When did the Indian National Congress passed 19. Which of the following was not included in the
the proposal of complete independence? resolutions of Lahore Session of Indian National
(a) 1929 (b) 1931 Congress in 1929?
(c) 1939 (d) 1941 (a) Declaration of India’s foreign policy
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993, 1996 (b) Declaration of complete independence
BPSC (Pre) 1992-93, 1997-98 (c) Preparing to launch Civil Disobedience
UP Lower (Pre) 2003-04 Movement
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (d) Abolition of untouchability
13. The Lahore Session of Indian National Congress UP UDA/LDA Spl. (M) 2010
was held in- Ans-(d) The following resolutions were proposed by
(a) 1927 (b) 1929 Indian National Congress on December 31, 1929 - at
(c) 1931 (d) 1935 Lahore Session.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991, 1993 (i) There is no benefit from Round Table Conference.
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (ii) The demand of Dominion Status of India has been
14. Which one of the following sessions of Indian abolished.
National Congress was presided over by (iii) The word ‘Swaraj’ means complete independence.
Jawaharlal Nehru for the first time? (iv) All India Congress whenever it considers
(a) Lahore Session, 1929 appropriate can start Civil Disobedience Movement.
(b) Calcutta Session, 1928 No proposal regarding the abolition of untouchability
(c) Lucknow Session, 1936 was proposed in this session.
(d) Ramgarh Session, 1940 20. The Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013 (1929) is very important in history, because:
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 1. The Congress passed a resolution demanding
15. The Indian National Congress celebrated first complete independence
Independence Day on 26 January in the year- 2. The rift between the extremists and
(a) 1920 (b) 1925 moderates was resolved in that Session
(c) 1930 (d) 1947 3. A resolution was passed rejecting the two-
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2004-05 nation theory in that Session
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
16. The 1929 Session of Indian, National Congress is (a) 1 Only (b) 2 and 3
of significance in the history of the Freedom (c) 1 and 3 (d) None of the above
Movement because the- IAS (Pre) G.S. 2012
(a) attainment of Self-Government was declared as Ans-(a) The Lahore Session of the Indian National
the objective of the Congress Congress (1929) is very important in history, because:
(b) attainment of Poorna Swaraj was adopted as the the Congress passed a resolution demanding complete
goal of the Congress independence.
History of Modern India 199 YCT

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30.
Civil Disobedience Movement
and Dandi March
8. During the Salt Satyagraha in Bihar, in Choose the correct answer :
addition to making salt, the people chose to (a) A and B only (b) B and C only
oppose the government by opposing which tax? (c) A and C only (d) A, B and C
(a) Haathi JKPSC (Pre) 2023
(b) Development
Ans. (d) : The Dharsana Salt Satyagrah was led by
(c) Malba Sarojini Naidu, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Imam
(d) More than one of the above Saheb and Manilal. It was totally a non-violent
(e) None of the above Satyagraha.
68th BPSC 2022 78. Who among the following was one of the
Ans. (e): Since Bihar is a landlocked area, so, here salt leaders of the 'Salt Satyagraha'?
Satyagraha was not possible. So, here the people (a) Aruna Asaf Ali (b) Annie Besant
organized a movement by refusing to pay the
(c) Mridula Sarabhai (d) Sarojini Naidu
Chowkidari tax. The anti chowkidari tax campaign was
successful in areas of Bhagalpur, Monghyr and Saran. Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022
4. From which ashram did Mahatma Gandhi Ans.(d): Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
start the “Dandi March”? 90. Mahatma Gandhi got his inspiration
(a) Sabarmati (b) Pavnar from____for Civil Disobedience Movement.
(c) Sewagram (d) Ramananda (a) David Thoreau (b) John Ruskin
MPPSC Pre 2022 (c) Leo Tolstoy (d) Confucius
Ans. (a): Mahatma Gandhi started Dandi March on Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022
12th March 1930 from Sabarmati Ashram and reached Ans. (a) : Gandhiji was inspired to launch Civil
Dandi after 24 days on 6th April 1930. This was the
Disobeience movement through the writtings of Henry
start of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
David Thoreau.
12. Who remarked about the 'Dandi Yatra' as
Rama's Historical March of Lanka? 81. Who was selected as the President of Council of
Action, which was constituted by Tamil Nadu
(a) Pandit Motilal Nehru and D. J. Tendulkar
Congress Committee to execute the civil
(b) P.C. Ray and D.P. Mishra disobedience in 1930?
(c) Shankarrao Dev and G.V. Ketkar (a) C. Rajagopalachari (b) S. Sathymurthi
(d) Appasaheb Patwardhan and Suhasini
(c) T.S.S. Rajan (d) T. Prakasam
Nambiyar
(e) Answer not known
MH PSC (Pre) 2023
TNPSC (Pre) 2022
Ans. (a) : Pandit Motilal Nehru and D.J. Tendulkar
Ans.(a): C. Rajagopalachari was selected as the present
compared Dandi Yatra as Rama's historical March to
Lanka. of council of action, which was constituted by Tamil
92. Consider the following statements regards Nadu congress committee to execute the civil
'Dharasana salt satyagraha.' disobedience movement in 1930.
A. Mahatma Gandhi, Imam Saheb and 1. Gandhi began his historic Salt March, the
Manilal led satyagraha Dandi March, from Sabarmati to the sea-side
B. It's one of the important non-violent village of Dandi on-
satyagraha in Indian history (a) 1 March 1929 (b) 12 March 1930
C. It was held after Mahatma Gandhi broke (c) 12 March 1931 (d) 5 March 1932
the salt law in Dandi March. Mizoram PSC-2021
History of Modern India 200 YCT
Ans. (b): The Dandi March, also known as the Salt 8. Which one of the following statements is not
Satyagraha, was an act of non-violent civil disobedience correct about Mahatma Gandhi’s Dandi March?
led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. The March lasted (a) It was started from Sabarmati Ashram
from 12th March, 1930 to 6th April, 1930. It was an (b) The march terminated at Dandi, a village beside
altogether a pedestrian March. It's aim was to violate the the sea
Salt Law. On 12th March, Gandhiji set out from (c) Mahatma Gandhi prepared salt at the seashore
Sabarmati (Ahmadabad) with 78 followers on a 241 mile
(d) It was altogether a pedestrian march
March to the coastal town of Dandi on the Arabian Sea.
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2004
2. In 1930, from where Mahatma Gandhi started
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
the Civil Disobedience Movement?
9. Which of the following statements is not correct
(a) Wardha (b) Dandi
about Mahatma Gandhi’s Dandi March?
(c) Sevagram (d) Sabarmati (a) It was a pedestrian march
(e) None of the above/ More than one of the (b) It started with 78 volunteers and had Hindus,
above Muslims and Christians
65th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019 (c) It's aim was to violate the salt law
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (d) Mahatma Gandhi prepared salt at the seashore
3. From which place did Gandhiji start his Dandi UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. Ist 2008
March to the sea? Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Wardha (b) Sabarmati 10. Who compared the Salt March of Gandhi to
(c) Kheda (d) Ahmedabad Napoleon's March to Paris on his return from
Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2011 Elba?
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (a) Jawaharlal Nehru
4. When did the ‘Dandi March’ begin? (b) Subhash Chandra Bose
(a) 26 January, 1930 (b) 12 March, 1930 (c) Motilal Nehru
(d) Rabindranath Tagore
(c) 10 March, 1931 (d) 10 March, 1932
OPSC (OCS) Pre 2021 Paper-I
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2006
Ans. (b): Subhash Chandra Bose compared the Salt
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
March of Gandhi to Napoleon’s March to Paris on his
5. In the form of Civil Disobedience Movement, return from Elba.
Gandhiji started ‘Dandi March’ on-
• After the Allies entered Paris in March 1814,
(a) 31 December, 1929 (b) 26 January, 1930 Napoleon abdicated and was exiled to the island of
(c) 12 March, 1930 (d) 6 April, 1930 Elba. He returned to France in March 1815, rebuilt
BPSC (Pre) 2000-01 his army and was finally defeated by Allied forces
under the duke of Willington and Gebhard Leberecht
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2004-05
von Blucher at Waterloo on June 18, 1815.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
11. The name of the foreign journalist who
6. Dandi March began from- reported about Satyagraha at Dharsana Salt
(a) Bardoli (b) Ahmedabad Works was
(c) Surat (d) Baroda (a) Francies Louis (b) Mark Tully
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1999 (c) Webb Miller (d) Philip Sprat
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. UPPCS (pre.) 2021
7. Which one of the following statements is not Ans. (c): Webb Miller was the only foreign
correct about Mahatma Gandhi's Dandi March? correspondent who covered the Gandhian
demonstration at the Dharasana Salt Works. He was an
(a) It was an altogether a pedestrian march.
American journalist, who stayed with Gandhiji in his
(b) It started from Sabarmati Ashram and ended at Sabarmati Ashram during Dandi March.
Dandi
12. An American Journalist, Webb Miller gave a
(c) The entire march from Sabarmati was covered detailed account of the Salt Satyagraha of
in 24 days which one of the places.
(d) The march was started on 15 March, 1930 (a) Dandi (b) Sanikatta
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist Paper 2010 (c) Balasore (d) Dharasana
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. TS PSC Group-I & II -2017
History of Modern India 201 YCT
Ans. (d) : Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
13. Gandhiji stayed with the foreign journalist in his 20. The historic ‘Dandi March’ is associated with-
Sabarmati Ashram during Dandi March. He was- (a) Boycott of elections
(a) Richard Greg (b) Webb Miller (b) Violation of salt law
(c) Kirby Page (d) Louis Fischer (c) Hindu-Muslim unity
UP Lower Spl. (Pre) 2002 (d) Abolition of untouchability
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993
14. Which of the following American journalist
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2004
had covered the 'Namak Satyagraha of
Mahatma Gandhi' in 1930 by being there? Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Webb Miller (b) Louis Fischer 21. Match the personalities given In the List-A
(c) Johannes Wierix (d) Heath Carl with the movements that they have been
UPPSC ACF-RFO Main I Paper 2019 associated with, which are given in List-B.
Ans. (a) : Kindly refer the explanation of above question. List-A List-B
15. Who amongst the following American was with A Kanneganti 1. Quit India
Mahatma Gandhi during his ‘Dandi March’? Hanumanthu Movement
(a) H. N. Brailsford (b) Webb Miller
(c) G. Slocomba (d) James Patterson B C. 2. Boycott of Simon
Rajagopalachari Commission
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. C Aruna Asaf Ali 3. Palnadu Forest
Satyagraha
16. For how many days did Dandi March last?
(a) 10 days (b) 20 days D Tanguturi 4. Civil Disobedience
(c) 24 days (d) 30 days Prakasham Movement
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above Codes
66th BPSC 2020(pre) (a) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
Ans. (c) : The Dandi March also known as Salt (b) A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1
Satyagraha, was an act of non-violent civil disobedience (c) A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
led by Gandhiji. It began from Sabarmati, Ahmedabad
(Gujarat). The 24 day March from 12 March to 6 April (d) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
1930 was a tax resistance campaign against the British TSPSC Group-II Pre-2016
salt monopoly.
Ans. (c) : The correct match is as follows :-
17. Gandhiji's famous Dandi March in March 1930
heralded the start of which movement? Personality Movement
(a) Satyagraha Kanneganti Hanumanthu - Palnadu Forest
(b) Quit India Movement Satyagraha
(c) Direct Action Day C. Rajagopalachari - Civil Disobedience
(d) Civil Disobedience Movement Movement
Haryana PCS Pre 2017
Aruna Asaf Ali - Quit India Movement
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
18. One of the following began with the Dandi March? Tanguturi Prakasham - Boycott of Simon
Commission
(a) Home Rule Movement
(b) Non - Cooperation Movement 22. After the arrest of Gandhiji during Salt
(c) Civil Disobedience Movement Satyagraha, who took his place as the leader of
the movement?
(d) Quit India Movement
(a) Abbas Taiyabji (b) Abul Kalam Azad
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2009
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru (d) Vallabh Bhai Patel
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
19. Gandhiji began Dandi March from-
Ans-(a) Abbas Taiyabji led the Salt Satyagraha after the
(a) Champaran (b) Sabarmati
arrest of Mahatma Gandhi from Sholapur. The key
(c) Bardoli (d) Dandi feature of this movement was women's participation.
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2002-03 Thousands of women came out of their homes and
History of Modern India 202 YCT
actively participated in the movement. The socialist 27. ‘Red Shirt’ organization was founded to-
Activist Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay had persuaded (a) Make independent Pakhtunistan
Gandhiji not to restrict the protests to men alone. (b) Fix the construction of Pakistan
Kamaladevi was herself one of numerous women who
(c) Throw out the British
courted arrest by breaking the salt or liquor laws.
(d) Make India a communist country after the
23. When Gandhiji was arrested in Salt Satyagrah
independence
who took his place as leader of the movement?
(a) Jawahar Lai Nehru (b) Sardar Patel UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993
(c) Abul Kalam Azad (d) Abbas Tyabji Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2002 28. Who founded the ‘Khudai Khidmatgar’
organization?
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012
(a) Abul Kalam Azad
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(b) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan
24. During the Indian freedom struggle, the Khudai
(c) Inayatullah Mashriqi
Khidmatgars, also known as Red Shirts, called for-
(d) Maulana Hasrat Mohani
(a) the Union of Pashtun tribal areas in north-west
with the Afghanistan. BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1995, 2017
(b) the adoption of terrorist tactics and methods for Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
terrorising and finally ousting the colonial rulers 29. The real name of ‘Frontier Gandhi’ is-
(c) the adoption of communist revolutionary (a) Purushottam Das Tondon
ideology for political and social reform. (b) Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose
(d) the Pathan regional nationalist unity and a (c) Abdul Gaffar Khan
struggle against colonialism. (d) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2002 BPSC (Pre) 1999
Ans-(d) The ‘Khudai Khidmatgar’ also known as ‘Red Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2013
Shirt’ was an organization founded by Khan Abdul
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Gaffar Khan in North-West Frontier Province. He called
for the Pathan regional nationalist unity and a struggle 30. Which famous Indian leader came to be known
against colonialism. Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan was as ‘Frontier Gandhi’?
known as Badshah Khan, “Sarhadi Gandhi” and (a) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan
Frontier Gandhi. The Khudai Khidmatgar was founded (b) Abul Kalam Azad
on a belief in the power of Gandhi’s notion of (c) Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose
Satyagraha. The volunteers of Khudai Khidmatgar (d) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
movement were also known as “Surkho Posh” or “Red
shirts” and it was initially a social reform organization BPSC (Pre) 1992-93
focusing on education and the elimination of blood Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
feuds from Afghan society but turned more political 31. Whose name is associated with the ‘Peshawar
later. He was nominated for Nobel Peace Prize in 1985. Incident’ of 1930?
In 1987 he became the first person who won Bharat (a) Mahatma Gandhi
Ratna without being an Indian national. (Another (b) Bhagat Singh
Foreign national to receive Bharat Ratna is Nelson
Mandela (1990). (c) Chandra Singh Garhwali
(c) Chandra Shekhar Azad
25. What was the name of the movement started by
Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan against British? Uttarakhand PSC (M) 2006
(a) Lal Kurti (Red Shirt) (b) Quit India Ans-(c) On April 23, 1930, the British rulers asked
(c) Khilafat (d) None of the above Garhwal Rifles to march forward and crush an agitation
of Civil Disobedience Movement by the Baluch people
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2016 (Pathans) in Peshawar. Havaldar Chandra Singh
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Garhwali refused to open fire on the unarmed
26. Who was the leader of’ the ‘Red Shirt Party’? demonstrators and he ordered his soldiers to stand down
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Abdul Gaffar Khan instead. This Act of defiance shook the British Raj to
the core, as colonial rule could no longer function if its
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru (d) Maulana Azad soldiers began serving the people as opposed to their
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006 masters. Barrister Mukandi Lal went from Lansdowne
UP Lower (Pre) 2009 to Peshawar to fight his case and saved him from the
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. death penalty.

History of Modern India 203 YCT

32. The soldiers of Garhwal Regiment refused to fire 36. Acharya Vinoba Bhave was arrested for the first
on the revolutionaries in- time for taking part in-
(a) Khilafat Movement (a) Bardoli Movement
(b) Non-Cooperation Movement (b) Champaran Satyagraha
(c) Civil Disobedience Movement (c) Civil Disobedience Movement
(d) Quit India Movement (d) Non-Cooperation Movement
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2004 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2003
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(c) Acharya Vinoba Bhave was a close friend of
33. Statement (S): Mahatma Gandhi began Dandi Mahatma Gandhi who was arrested in 1930 for the first
March. time for taking part in Civil Disobedience Movement.
Reason (R): He wanted to provide free salt to the 37. The statement- “I want world sympathy in this
poor Indian people. battle of Right against Might,” is associated with-
(a) S and R both are correct and R is the correct (a) Non-Cooperation Movement
explanation of S (b) Gandhi’s Dandi March
(b) S is true but R is not the correct explanation of S (c) Individual Satyagraha
(c) S is true but R is false (d) Quit India Movement
(d) R is true but S is false UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992 Ans-(b) Mahatma Gandhi reached Dandi on April 6,
1930 and violated the salt law. While addressing the
Ans-(c) Mahatma Gandhi began his historic Dandi
domestic and foreign journalists, he said: “I want world
March on March 12, 1930. The main aim of Gandhi was
sympathy in this battle of Right against Might.”
to violate the salt law not providing the free salt to the
poor Indian people. 38. Gandhiji violated the salt law on Dandi sea coast on-
34. Assertion (A): The salt agitation was launched by (a) 6 March, 1930 (b) 6 April, 1930
Mahatma Gandhi in 1930. (c) 12 March, 1930 (d) 12 April, 1930
Reason (R): Mahatma Gandhi’s object was to IAS (Pre) G.S. 1995
make salt available free to the poor. Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2008
In the context of the above statements which of Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above
the following is correct: question.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is the correct 39. The date April 6, 1930 is known in Indian history for-
explanation of (A). (a) First Round Table Conference in London
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the (b) Non-Cooperation Movement
correct explanation of (A). (c) Gandhi Irwin Pact
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false. (d) Dandi March of Mahatma Gandhi
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994, 2002
UP Lower (Pre) 2002 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above
35. Where was Mahatma Gandhi when a raid was question.
made by Congress volunteers on Dharsana Salt 40. Which one of the following provinces had the
Depot? highest number of Satyagrahis in, Mahatma
(a) In Yervada Jail Gandhi’s Dandi March?
(b) In Sabarmati Jail (a) Bihar (b) Gujarat
(c) In Agha Palace Poona (c) Maharashtra (d) Bengal
(d) In Ahmadnagar Fort Jail UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2010 Ans-(b) The number of Satyagrahis from respective
Ans-(a) Mahatma Gandhi was arrested on May 05, states was as follows- Gujarat – 31, Maharashtra – 13,
1930 and was kept in Yervada Jail when a raid was Uttar Pradesh – 8, Kutch – 6, Kerala – 4, Punjab – 3,
made by around 2500 Congress volunteers on Dharsana Rajputana – 3, Bombay – 2, Sindh – 1, Nepal – 1, Tamil
Salt Depot on May 31, 1930. The raid was led by Nadu – 1, Andhra – 1, Utkal – 1, Karnataka – 1, Bihar –
Sarojini Naidu and Imam Sahab. After the arrest of 1, Bengal – 1. It took 24 days to cover 240 miles of
Mahatma Gandhi, Abbas Taiyabji led the movement. Dandi March.

History of Modern India 204 YCT

 41. After the failure of Civil Disobedience Ans. (d) The key feature of this movement was
Movement, Gandhiji gave importance to- women's participation. Thousands of women came out
(a) Constructive programmes of their homes and actively participated in the
movement. The socialist Activist Kamala Devi
(b) Limited use of violence Chattopadhyay had persuaded Gandhiji not to restrict
(c) Negotiation with British the protests to men alone. Sarojini Naidu and Rajkumari
(d) None of the above Amrit Kaur also participated in the Dandi March of
Mahatma Gandhi.
BPSC (Pre) 1996
46. The Salt Satyagraha-
Ans-(a) After the failure of Civil Disobedience (a) Encouraged Indians to manufacture salt
Movement, Mahatma Gandhi mostly gave importance
(b) Showed to the government that Indians would
to constructive programmes. He founded All India Anti- break unfair laws
Untouchability League in September, 1932 for the
(c) Proved that Mahatma Gandhi was a mass leader
welfare of untouchables. He also published ‘Harijan’, a
(d) Was designed to destroy the finances of the
weekly magazine. The Civil Disobedience Movement
colonial government
was suspended, when Mahatma Gandhi withdrew mass
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2013
Satyagraha on July 14th 1933. The movement ceased
completely on April 7th 1934. Ans-(b) The main aim of Gandhi was to violate the salt
law and to show the government that Indians would
42. When was the Civil Disobedience Movement break unfair laws.
called off finally by Gandhiji
47. Identify the place in Gujarat where Sarojini
(a) 1930 (b) 1932 Naidu led the Satayagrahis for a dharna at Salt
(c) 1933 (d) 1934 Depot in May, 1930
Himachal PSC (Pre) 2019 (a) Wadala (b) Sanikatta
(c) Dharasana (d) Vedaranyam
Ans. (d) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
question. Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
Ans. (c): Dharasana Satyagraha was protest against the
43. From which ideal statement did Mahatma British salt tax in May 1930. Mahatma Gandhi chose a
Gandhi started Dandi March? non-violent raid of the Dharasana Salt Works in Gujarat
(a) Win or Die (b) Do or Die as next protest. Abbas Tyabji, a 76 years old retired
(c) Now or Never (d) Fight unto the last judge, leading the march with Gandhi’s wife at his side
both were arrested before reaching Dharasana. After
UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006 their arrests, under the leadership of Sarojani Naidu and
Ans-(d) While Dandi March, Gandhi called upon the people Maulana Azad protest was continued.
of India that we will fight against salt law unto the last. 48. Which one among the following statements about
44. At which Congress Session was the working Civil Disobedience Movement is correct?
committee authorized to launch a programme of (a) It started with Gandhiji’s march to Champaran
Civil Disobedience? (b) Under Gandhi-Irwin agreement Congress
(a) Bombay (b) Lahore agreed to give up Civil Disobedience Movement
(c) Lucknow (d) Tripura (c) The British Government was quite soft towards
the movement from the beginning
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005
(d) There was no violence during the movement
Ans-(b) The Lahore Session of Indian National UPSC CDS Ist 2013
Congress presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru held in
Ans-(b) On April 6, 1930 Gandhi reached Dandi and
1929 authorized the Congress Working Committee
ceremonially violated salt law by manufacturing salt by
(CWC) to launch the programme of Civil Disobedience. boiling sea water. This marked beginning of the Civil
The second meeting of Congress Working Committee Disobedience Movement all over India. At the end, the
was held in February, 1930 at Sabarmati Ashram and British government convened a series of “Round Table
Mahatma Gandhi was assigned to lead the movement. Conferences” in London. The first meeting was held in
45. Who among the following participated in the Salt November 1930, but without the pre-eminent political
Satyagraha of Gandhi? leader in India, thus rendering it an exercise in futility.
Gandhiji was released from jail in January 1931 and the
(a) Sarojini Naidu following month had several long meetings with the
(b) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur Viceroy. These culminated in what was called the
(c) Kamala Devi Chattopadhyaya “Gandhi-Irwin Pact’, by the terms of which Civil
Disobedience Movement was called off temporarily and
(d) All of these all prisoners were released and salt manufacture allowed
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2016 along the coast.
History of Modern India 205 YCT

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31.
Gandhi-Irwin Pact, Karachi Session
and Round Table Conference
68. In which year the famous Gandhi-Irwin Pact Ans. (c) : The second Round Table conference was held
took place? in London from 7 September 1931 to 1 December 1931
(a) 1930 AD (b) 1931 AD with the participation of Gandhi and Indian National
(c) 1932 AD (d) 1929 AD Congress, Two weeks before the conference, convened,
(e) None of the above/More than one of the the labour government had been replaced by the
above conservatives. At the conference, Gandhi claimed to
67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021 represent all people of India. In fact the division
Ans. (b) : Gandhi-Irwin Pact was an agreement signed between the many attending groups was one of the
on March 5, 1931, between Mohandas K. Gandhi, reasons why the outcomes of the second Round Table
leader of Indian nationalist movement and Lord Irwin, conference could not attain substantial results regarding
British Viceroy (1926-31) of India. It marked the end of India's constitutional future.
a period of Civil Disobedience (Satyagraha) in India 3. The lady representative from India in the
against British rule that Gandhi and his followers had second round table conference was:
initiated with the Salt March (March-April 1930). (a) Lakshmi Gosh
177. Which of the following is incorrect? (b) Annie Besant
(c) Sarojini Naidu
(a) The Indian National Congress boycotted the
First Round Table Congress (d) Vijayalakshmi Pandit
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018
(b) Gandhiji attended the Second Round Table
Congress Ans. (c): The second round table conference was held
(c) After the Second Round Table conference the on 7th September, 1931; Gandhi Ji represented Indian
Gandhi-Irwin pact was signed National Congress and Sarojini Naidu represented
Indian women. The others, Madan Mohan Malaviya,
(d) Communal Award was associated with Third
Ghanshyam Das Birla, Muhammad Iqbal, Mirza Ismail,
Round Table Conference
S.K. Dutta and Sir Syed Ali Imam also attended the
(e) Answer not known
conference.
TNPSC (Pre) 2022 Note:–Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the only Indian leader
Ans.(c): The Gandhi - Irwin pact was a political who attended all the three round table conferences.
agreement signed by Mahatma Gandhi and Lord-Irwin, 4. Who played the role of mediator in Gandhi-Irwin
then viceroy of India before the second round table pact?
conference in London. Hence except statement (c), rest (a) Motilal Nehru (b) Tej Bahadur Sapru
all statements are correct. (c) Annie Besant (d) Chintamani
1. Who among the following Indian leaders RAS/RTS (Pre)-2018
participated in all the three round table Ans-(b) With the efforts of Tej Bahadur Sapru and Dr.
conferences? Jaikar a bilateral talk was started between Gandhi &
(a) Mahatama Gandhi (b) B.S. Munje Irwin on Feb. 17, 1931. Finally, a pact was signed
(c) Dr. B.R. Ambedakar (d) C.Y. Chintamani between them on March 5, 1931 known as "Gandhi-
UPPSC RO-ARO Mains Pre-2021 Irwin Pact". According to the conditions of the pact
Ans. (c) : Dr. B.R. Ambedkar participated in all the Gandhian Civil Disobedience movement would be
three Round Table Conferences while Mahatma Gandhi suspended and the Congress was allowed to take part in
had participated only in the Second Round Table the 'Second Round Conference'.
Conference, whereas, Annie Besant and Sarojini Naidu 5. In which of the following Round Table
represented Indian women in the Second Round Table Conference, the representative of the Indian
Conference only. National Congress participated for the first time?
2. Gandhi took part in second Round Table (a) First Round Table Conference
conference as ______ (b) Second Round Table Conference
(a) Indian government nominee (c) Third Round Table Conference
(b) British government nominee (d) None of the above
(c) Congress representative UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2008
(d) Individual capacity RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2008
Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2015
History of Modern India 206 YCT
Ans-(b) On August 29, 1931, Mahatma Gandhi sailed Ans. (c) Gandhi-Irwin Pact is the name given to a
for England in the ship ‘SS Rajputana’ to attend the political agreement concluded by Mahatma Gandhi and
Second Round Table Conference. It was for the first Lord Irwin, the then Viceroy of India, on 5th March
time when sole representative of the Indian National 1931 before the Second Round Table Conference. With
Congress was attending any Round Table Conference. the efforts of Dr. M. R. Jayakar and Sir Tej Bahadur
The Conference took place in November, 1931 in Sapru, Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed in 1931.
London and was inconclusive, so Gandhiji returned to
Terms/Features of Gandhi-Irwin Pact were as
India and resumed civil disobedience. The new Viceroy,
Lord Wellington, was deeply unsympathetic to the follows-
Indian leader. In a private letter to his sister, Willington (i) The Indian National Congress (INC) agreed to
wrote: “It’s a beautiful world if it wasn’t for Gandhi.” take part in the Round Table Conference.
At the Second Round Table Conference, Mahatma (ii) The Indian National Congress would stop the
Gandhi opposed the demand for separate electorates for civil disobedience movement.
“lower castes”. He believed that this would prevent (iii) Withdrawal of all ordinances that curbed the
their integration into mainstream society and Activities of the Congress.
permanently segregate them from other caste Hindus. (iv) Withdrawal of all prosecutions except those
The second round table conference was deemed a
involving violent crimes.
failure because of the many disagreements among the
participants. B. R. Ambedkar opposed Mahatma Gandhi (v) Release of those who were arrested for taking part
for opposing the demand for separate electorates for the in the civil disobedience movement.
Depressed Classes. (vi) Removal of the salt tax.
6. "Release of all political prisoners not convicted Effects of Gandhi-Irwin Pact-
for violence" was one of the main features of (i) The Indian National Congress participated in the
the Second Round Table Conference which was held
(a) First Round Table Conference, 1930 in 1931 during September-December.
(b) Third Round Table Conference, 1932 (ii) The government agreed to withdraw all
(c) Gandhi- Irwin Pact, 1931 ordinances.
(d) Poona Pact, 1932 (iii) It agreed to release all political prisoners save
Manipur PSC-2013 those involved in violence.
Ans. (c): As per the Gandhi- Irwin Pact, 1931 one of (iv) It agreed to allow peaceful picketing of liquor and
the main features was the release of all political foreign cloth shops.
prisoners not convicted for violence.
(v) It agreed to revoke the ban on the INC.
7. What was the name of Indian who participated in (vi) It agreed to restore the confiscated properties of
all three Round Table Conferences? the Satyagrahis.
(a) B. R. Ambedkar
(vii) It agreed to permit the collection of salt by people
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Muhammad Ali Jinnah near the sea coasts.
(d) Tej Bahadur Sapru (viii) It agreed to forego fines not yet collected.
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006 (ix) It agreed to the lenient treatment of all
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2012 government servants who had resigned from
Ans-(a) Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar was the only Indian service in the wake of the civil disobedience
who participated in all three Round Table Conferences. movement.
8. Which of the following Round Table Conference 10. Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed in the year:
was held in 1932? (a) 1930 (b) 1931
(a) First (c) 1932 (d) 1935
(b) Second UK RO-ARO (Pre.) 2021
(c) Third Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above
(d) Fourth question.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996 11. The Gandhi-Irwin Pact included which of the
Ans-(c) The First Round Table Conference was held in following?
St. James Palace (London) in November, 1930, Second 1. Invitation to Congress to participate in the
Round Table Conference in September, 1931 and the Round Table Conference
Third Round Table Conference was held in November, 2. Withdrawal of Ordinances promulgated in
1932. connection with the Civil Disobedience
9. Gandhi-Irwin Pact took place in- Movement
(a) 1921 (b) 1929 3. Acceptance of Gandhiji’s suggestion for
(c) 1931 (d) 1933 enquiry into police excesses
West Bengal PSC (Pre) 2022 4. Release of only those prisoners who were not
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996 charged with violence
History of Modern India 207 YCT
 Select the correct answer using the code given Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
below: 17. Consider the following statements :
(a) 1 only (b) 1, 2 and 4 only 1. In the First Round Table Conference Dr.
(c) 3 only (d) 2, 3 and 4 only Ambedkar demanded separate electorates
UPSC IAS (Pre) 2020 for the depressed classes.
Ans. (b) : Kindly refer the explanation of above 2. In the Poona Pact, special provisions for
question. representation of the depressed people in the
12. Who played an important role in the signing of local bodies and civil services were made.
Gandhi-Irwin Pact? 3. The Indian National Congress did not take
(a) Motilal Nehru part in the Third Round Table Conference.
(b) Madan Mohan Malviya Which of the statements given above is/are
(c) Tej Bahadur Sapru correct?
(d) Chintamani (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
BPSC (Pre) 2004-05 (c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005
13. Among the following whose adjournment was Ans-(d) In the First Round Table Conference
proposed in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact? (November, 1930 – January, 1931) Dr. Ambedkar
(a) Quit India Movement demanded separate electorates for the depressed classes.
(b) Civil Disobedience Movement He clashed with Mahatma Gandhi during the
(c) Non-Cooperation Movement second Round Table Conference on the issue of
(d) None of the above separate electorate for depressed classes. The Indian
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991, 1993 National Congress did not take part in First and Third
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Round Table Conference. The Poona Pact was an
agreement between Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar and
14. Which of the following were the main aspects of
Mahatma Gandhi signed on September 24, 1932. This
the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of 1931?
pact ended Gandhi’s fast unto death. The essence of
1. Suspension of the Civil Disobedience
Poona Pact was more seats to depressed classes in
Movement
return for their acceptance to continuance of joint
2. To take part in the then forthcoming Shimla
electorate. Joint electorate meant that all the members
Conference
of the depressed classes registered in the general
3. Pay taxes for the period of the Civil
electoral roll in a constituency would form an electoral
Disobedience Movement
college which would elect a panel of four candidates
4. Release of political prisoners
belonging to the depressed classes of the reserved seats
Select the correct answer using the codes given
by the method of the single vote. In the Poona Pact,
below:
(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only special provisions for representation of the depressed
(c) 1 and 4 only (d) 2 and 4 only people in the local bodies and civil services were made.
UPSC APFC/EPFO 2015 18. Who among the following had not participated in
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. the Second Round Table Conference?
15. Mahatma Gandhi, when visited London to (a) Mahadev Desai (b) Pyarelal Nayyar
participate in the Second Round Table (c) Madan Mohan Malviya (d) Jawaharlal Nehru
Conference, stayed at- MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2017
(a) St. James Palace (b) Kingsley Hall Ans-(d) The Second Round Table Conference was held
(c) India House (d) None of these in London from September 7, 1931 to December 1,
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2003 1931. Mahatma Gandhi participated in the Conference
Ans-(b) Mahatma took part in the Second Round Table as the sole representative of Indian National Congress.
Conference as sole official representative of Indian 31 other representatives including Sarojini Naidu,
National Congress held in London. On August 29, Annie Besant, B. R. Ambedkar, Madan Mohan
1931, Mahatma Gandhi sailed for England in the ship Malviya, Mahadev Desai, Pyarelal Nayyar etc. took part
‘SS Rajputana’ to attend the Second Round Table in the Second Round Table Conference. Jawaharlal
Conference and stayed in ‘Kingsley Hall’ of London. Nehru did not participate in this conference.
16. Mahatma Gandhi left Bombay for London to 19. Which one of the following Round Table
participate in the Second Round Table Conference was represented by Indian National
Conference as a Congress representative in the Congress?
ship known as- (a) First Round Table Conference
(a) S. S. Rajputana (b) Second Round Table Conference
(b) S. S. Viceroy of India (c) Third Round Table Conference
(c) S. S. Multan (d) None of the above
(d) S. S. Conte Rosso UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000 Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.

History of Modern India 208 YCT

20. Which of the following leaders participated in 2nd 24. Who among the following presided over the
Round Table Conference Karachi Session of Indian National Congress?
1. Mahatma Gandhi (a) Jawaharlal Nehru (b) J. M. Sen Gupta
2. Sarojini Naidu (c) S. C. Bose (d) Vallabhbhai Patel
3. Madan Mohan Malviya UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2005
4. Maulana Azad Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Select the correct answer using code given below: 25. Which of the following Indian leaders attended
Code: the First Round Table Conference in London?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 4 (a) Maulana Mohammad Ali
(b) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1, 3 and 4
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
UP Lower (Pre) 1998
(d) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. BPSC (Pre) 2000-01
21. Who among the following leaders did NOT Ans-(a) In response to the inadequacy of the Simon
participate in the Second Round Table Report, the Labour Government, which came to power
Conference? under Ramsay MacDonald in 1929 decided to hold a
(a) M.K. Gandhi series of Round Table Conferences in London. The first
(b) Sarojini Naidu Round Table Conference convened from November 12,
(c) Pt. Madan Mohan Malviya 1930 to 19 January 1931 in London. The conference
(d) Dr. Rajendra Prasad was inaugurated by the then British King, George- V.
UP PSC (Pre) 2020 Total 89 Indian representative members participated in
Ans. (d) : Kindly refer the explanation of above First Round Table Conference. The main participants of
question. this conference included Tej Bahadur Sapru, Agha
22. Who of the following had regarded the Karachi Khan, Fazlul Haq, Mohammad Ali Jinnah, M. R.
Session of Indian National Congress (1931) as the Jaykar, B. R. Ambedkar, Homi Modi, Srinivas Shastri,
Maulana Mohammad Ali, Dr, Moonje and Sundar
‘pinnacle of Mahatma Gandhi’s popularity and
Singh Majithia etc. It is worth notable that the Indian
prestige’?
National Congress did not participate in the First and
(a) S. C. Bose
Third Round Table Conference.
(b) Pattabhi Sitarammaiya
26. When was the First Round Table Conference of
(c) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Indian leaders summoned in London by British
(d) Sardar Kishan Singh Government?
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014 (a) 1931 (b) 1929
Ans-(a) Subhas Chandra Bose regarded the Karachi (c) 1930 (d) 1932
Session of Indian National Congress as the ‘pinnacle of UP RO/ARO (M) 2014
Mahatma Gandhi’s popularity and prestige.’ Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
23. In which of the following sessions of Indian 27. Which one of the following is not true about the
National Congress. Mahatma Gandhi had said, First Round Table Conference?
‘‘Gandhi may die but Gandhism will remain (a) It was held in 1930.
forever.’’? (b) It was to discuss the Report of Simon
(a) Ramgarh Session, 1940 Commission.
(b) Lahore Session, 1929 (c) It was held in London.
(c) Calcutta Session, 1928 (d) It was attended by the Congress delegation.
(d) Karachi Session, 1931 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2008 Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(d) The Karachi session was presided over by 28. In which of the following Round Table
Conference, Indian National Congress did not
Sardar Patel. The congress adopted a resolution on
participate?
‘Fundamental Rights and Economic Policy’ which
(a) First
represented the Party’s Social, Economic and Political (b) Second
programme. It was later known as Karachi Resolution. (c) Third
The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was endorsed by the Congress in (d) Participated in all
the Karachi Session which was held from March 26-31, (e) None of the above/More than of the above
1931. Gandhi was nominated to represent Congress in BPSC (Pre) 2017-18
the Second Round Table Conference. Just a week back, Ans-(e) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru had been executed. 29. The meeting of Indian and British political
So, there was anger in the public whose point was that leaders during 1930-32 in London has often been
why Gandhi did accept to sign the pact. In response to referred to as the First, Second and Third Round
the public anger he said, “Gandhi may die but Table Conferences. It would be incorrect to refer
Gandhism will remain forever.” to them as such because-
History of Modern India 209 YCT
 (a) the Indian National Congress did not take part 33. The main purpose of Gandhi-Irwin Pact was -
in two of them. (a) To make the participation of Congress easier in
(b) Indian parties other than the Indian National Round Table Conference
Congress participating in the Conference (b) To end the Civil Disobedience Movement
represented sectional interests and not the whole
(c) To break the death strike of Gandhiji
of India.
(c) the British Labour Party had withdrawn from (d) To end tax on salt
the Conference, thereby making the proceedings UP Lower (Pre) 1998
of the Conference partisan. Ans-(a) A political agreement between Mahatma
(d) it was an instance of Conference that held in Gandhi and Lord Irwin was signed on March 5, 1931 by
three sessions and not that of three separate the efforts of Tej Bahadur Sapru and M. R. Jaykar to
conferences. make the participation of Congress easier in Round
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996 Table Conference, discontinuation of Civil
Ans-(d) In response to the inadequacy of the Simon Disobedience Movement, release of prisoners for
Report, the Labour Government, which came to power participating in Civil Disobedience Movement, Lift ban
under Ramsay MacDonald in 1929, decided to hold a on Indian National Congress etc. It was called Gandhi-
series of Round Table Conferences in London. The first Irwin Pact.
Round Table Conference convened from 12 November 34. Mahatma Gandhi returned to India in December,
1930 to 19 January 1931 in London gave no result. As a 1931 empty-handed from-
result the Second and Third Round Table Conference (a) London (b) Moscow
were organized in 1931 and 1932 respectively. Thus,
(c) Washington (d) Tokyo
these were not three separate conferences, but this was
the only convention that was completed in three BPSC (Pre) 2000-01
separate sessions. Ans-(a) After the failure of Second Round Table
30. Who among the following took Mahatma Conference held in London, Mahatma Gandhi returned
Gandhi’s gain in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact as to India in December, 1931 empty-handed.
“Consolation Prizes”? 35. On which issue did the Second Round Table
(a) S. C. Bose (b) Alan Campbell Conference fail?
(c) B. G. Horniman (d) Sarojini Naidu (a) Communal delegations
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014 (b) Granting Dominion status
Ans-(b) Alan Campbell Johnson termed Mahatma (c) The date of transfer of ruling power
Gandhi’s gain in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact as “Consolation (d) Postponement of Civil Disobedience Movement
Prizes.” According to him, in the Delhi Pact Gandhi's BPSC (Pre) 1996
gains were consolation prizes and Irwin's only surrender
Ans-(a) On August 29, 1931, Mahatma Gandhi sailed
was in agreeing to enter into negotiations. In context to
for England in the ship ‘SS Rajputana’ to attend the
this pact, Sarojini Naidu termed Gandhi and Irwin as the
Second Round Table Conference. It was for the first
‘Two Mahatmas’.
time when Gandhi was taking part (participated only in
31. Who of the following persons called Irwin and
this session) as sole representative of the Indian
Gandhi ‘The Two Mahatmas’?
National Congress. The Conference took place in
(a) Mira Bahan
November, 1931 in London and was inconclusive, so
(b) Sarojini Naidu
Gandhiji returned to India and resumed civil
(c) Madan Mohan Malviya
disobedience. The conference failed due to dispute
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru among communal delegations. Bhim Rao Ambedkar
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001 demanded separate electorates for depressed classes but
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Gandhi refused it. Hence the conference was dismissed
32. Who represented Indian Christians in First on December 1, 1931.
Round Table Conference held in London? 36. Which of the following Round Table Conference
(a) Rao Bahadur Srinivas (b) Sir Akbar Haidari was attended by Gandhiji?
(c) Sir A. P. Patro (d) K. T. Paul (a) Only First
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000 (b) Only Second
Ans-(d) K. T. Paul represented Indian Christians in the (c) Only Third
First Round Table Conference held in St. James Palace (d) First and Second both
(London) in 1930. The conference was inaugurated by UP Lower (Mains) G.S. 2015
British King, George-V and was chaired by the then
British Prime Minister, Ramsay McDonald. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.

History of Modern India 210 YCT

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32.
Communal Award and Poona Pact
19. In August 1932, British Prime Minister Ans. (c): Poona Pact was signed on 24th September,
announced the scheme for representation of 1932. It gave reservation in Provincial and Central
depressed classes. This was called Communal Legislative Councils for Depressed Classes.
Award. Gandhiji started fast unto death in 2. In which year the British Government
opposition to this scheme in which jail? announced the 'Communal Award' ?
(a) Ahmednagar Jail
(a) 1932 (b) 1933
(b) Bombay Central Jail
(c) 1934 (d) 1935
(c) Yerawada Jail
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
(d) None of the above
Ans. (a): The Communal Award was created by the
CGPSC Pre 2022 British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald on 16
Ans. (c) : The British Prime Minister Ramsay Mac August 1932. Also known as the MacDonald Award, it
Donald on 16 August 1932 introduced the communal was announced after the Round table conference and
award. To oppose the communal award Mahatma extended the separate electorate to depressed classes
Gandhi began a fast unto death in Yerwada Jail in Pune. and other minorities.
To end his fast Puna Pact was signed by Ambedkar on
3. Arrange the following events in chronological
behalf of the lower classes and Madan Mohan Malviya
order and select the correct answer from the
on behalf of upper caste Hindus.
codes given below :
133. Mahatma Gandhi started fast unto death for
1. Gandhi-Irwin agreement
the first time during-
2. Poona Pact
(a) Communal awards
3. Declaration of complete National
(b) Calcutta riots
Independence
(c) Jallianwala massacre
4. Civil Disobedience Campaign
(d) Delhi riots
Codes :
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2009-10
(a) 3, 4, 1, 2 (b) 2, 1, 4, 3
Ans-(a) In August, 1932, the British Prime Minister
McDonald announced the Communal Award. Thus it is (c) 2, 1, 3, 4 (d) 4, 3, 1, 2
also known as McDonald Award. The Communal UPPSC RO/ARO (Re-exam) 2016
Award was basically a proposal on minority
representation. On 20 September 1932, Gandhi sat on Ans. (a) : The correct sequence is-
the fast unto death in the Yerwada Jail, in which he was Declaration of complete National Independence- 1929
lodged at that time. The Hindu leaders woke up and
went directly to Dr. Ambedkar, to negotiate on this Civil Disobedience Campaign- 1930
matter. The outcome of these negotiations was Poona Gandhi-Irwin agreement- 1931
Pact of 1932.
Poona Pact- 1932
1. Poona Pact was signed on:
4. Which of the following statement (s) is (are)
(a) 23rd October, 1930 correct?
(b) 24th September, 1931 1. In 1934 Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya
(c) 24th September, 1932 constituted a breakaway Congress
Nationalist Party.
(d) 24th November, 1933
2. Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviaya didn’t
West Bengal PSC (Pre) 2022
appreciate Gandhiji’s movement of
UK RO-ARO (Pre.) 2021 Dalitoddhar.
History of Modern India 211 YCT
 3. Gandhiji accepted the ‘MacDonald 6. Who from the following, was the Prime Minister
Award.’ of England during the declaration of 'Communal
Award'?
4. With regard to Poona Pact (1932), the
Congress Working Committee adopted (a) Benjamin Disraeli
‘neither rejection nor acceptance’ stand. (b) Winston Churchill
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) Only 1 (c) Ramsay MacDonald
(c) Only 1 and 2 (d) Only 1 and 3 (d) Clement Attlee
Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I UPPSC ACF-RFO Main I Paper 2019
Ans. (b): The Communal Award announced in 1932 to Ans. (c) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
grant separate electorates to minority communities in question.
Indian legislature.
7. Who among the following issued the ‘Communal
In protest against the Communal Award, Madan Mohan Award’?
Malaviya and Madhav Aney split away from the Indian
(a) Ramsay MacDonald
National Congress and formed a political party the
Congress Nationalist Party in 1934. (b) Stanley Baldwin
• The Communal Award based on the findings of the (c) Neville Chamberlain
Indian Franchise committee, established separate (d) Winston Churchill
electorates and reserved areas for minorities, Gandhiji,
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991
who had declared himself the sole representative of
India's opposed to the Award. Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
5. Who was directly associated to the Poona Pact of 8. The Poona Pact was concerned with-
1932? (a) Depressed Classes
(a) Indian women (b) Hindu-Muslim unity
(b) Indian labour class (c) Constitutional progress
(c) Indian farmer class (d) Education reforms
(d) Indian depressed class UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2007 Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(d) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, who organised the dalits 9. Assertion (A):The Poona Pact defeated the
into the Depressed Classes Association in 1930, clashed purpose of communal award.
with Mahatma Gandhi at the Second Round Table
Conference by demanding separate electorates for dalits Reason (R): It paved the way for reservation of
(depressed classes/untouchables). On August 16, 1932 seats in the Parliament and the State Assemblies
Ramsay Macdonald (the then Prime Minister of for the SC and ST people.
England) announced Communal Award which Select the correct answer from the codes given
authorised Muslims, Europeans, Indian Christians, below :
Sikhs and depressed classes (untouchables) separate Codes :
electorates. In response to this Mahatma Gandhi began
fast unto death in Yervada Jail on September 20, 1932. (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
At last an agreement called ‘Poona Pact’ was signed on explanation of (A).
September 24, 1932 between Gandhi and B. R. (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the
Ambedkar and on the basis of two provisions the correct explanation of (A).
demand of separate electorates was accepted. (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
Accordingly, 148 seats in different Provincial
Legislatures were reserved for the Depressed Classes in (d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
place of 71 as provided in the Communal Award and in UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2005
Central Legislature 18% of the seats allotted to the
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
general electorate for British India were reserved for
depressed classes. Congress agreed that adequate 10. The Poona Pact which was signed between the
representation would be given to the depressed classes British Government and Mahatma Gandhi in
in the civil services. 1932 provided for
History of Modern India 212 YCT
 (a) the creation of dominion status for India 15. A separate electoral group was made by the
communal tribunal of Ramsay MacDonald first
(b) separate electorates for the Muslims
time in August, 1932-
(c) separate electorate for the Harijans
(a) for Muslims
(d) joint electorate with reservation for Harijans (b) for Indian Christians
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1997 (c) for Anglo-Indians
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (d) for Untouchables
11. Which were not allocated separate electorate and BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
reserved seats by Communal Award of
Ans-(d) The British Prime Minister, Ramsay Mac
MacDonald?
Donald presented the Communal Award on August, 16
(a) Muslims (b) Sikhs 1932 under which few seats of Legislative Assembly
were reserved for minorities whose candidates were to
(c) Depressed Castes (d) Buddhists
be elected by separate electorates. The minorities here
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001 meant Sikhs and Muslims. Now as per the new law,
Dalits/Depressed Classes/ Untouchables were also to be
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
declared as minorities.
12. Which one of the following was directly related to
16. Poona Pact was signed between-
Poona Pact of 1932?
(a) Gandhiji and Lord Irwin
(a) Indian women
(b) Gandhiji and Jinnah
(b) Indian labour classes
(c) Gandhiji and Subhas Chandra Bose
(c) Indian farmers
(d) Gandhiji and Ambedkar
(d) Indian depressed classes
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2004
UP Lower (Pre) 2008
Ans-(d) The Poona Pact refers to an agreement
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. between Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi that
was signed on September 24, 1932 at Yervada Central
13. The purpose of Poona Pact was-
Jail in Pune, India. It was signed by the followers of
(a) Hindu-Muslim unity Mahatma Gandhi such as Pandit Madan Mohan
(b) To provide representation of untouchables Malviya, C. Rajagopalachari, G.D. Birla, Dr. Rajendra
Prasad, T. B. Sapru, M. M. Jaykar, Devdas Gandhi,
(c) To privilege the Kings Raja Bhoj, P. Balu, C. V. Mehta, M. C. Raja, Dr. Rao
(d) Reconsideration of Dyarchy Bahadur Srinivasan and Ambedkar to break the fast
unto death undertaken by Gandhi in Yervada jail to
BPSC (Pre) 2003-04 annul the Communal Award giving separate electorates
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. to Dalits for electing members of state legislative
assemblies in British India.
14. Which of the following is not true about Poona
17. Who was second signatory of Poona Pact with
Pact?
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar?
(a) Separate electorates for the depressed classes
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
were abolished.
(b) Madan Mohan Malviya
(b) The reserved seats in the Central and state
legislatures were extended. (c) Jawaharlal Nehru

(c) Madan Mohan Malviya and M. C. Raza had (d) Vallabhbhai Patel
played an active role in its success. UPPSC ACF-RFO Main I Paper 2019
(d) Gandhiji did not break his fast till the end of its Ans. (b) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
declaration. question.
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2010-11 18. Which of the following did not sign on historical
Ans-(d) The Poona Pact was signed between Mahatma Poona Pact?
Gandhi and B. R. Ambedkar on September 24, 1932 (a) B. R. Ambedkar
and Mahatma Gandhi broke his fast unto death. (b) Madan Mohan Malviya
History of Modern India 213 YCT
 (c) C. Rajagopalachari leaving the date and time blank, in case Gandhi did not
(d) M. K. Gandhi survive. The code word used for the purpose was
“Operation Rubicon”. It was formulated by Lord
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2004-05 Linlithgow.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001 23. After Poona Pact of 1932, Harijan Sewak Sangh
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. was established. Its President was-

19. An agreement took place between B.R. (a) Jagjiwan Ram (b) Ghanshyam Das Birla
Ambedkar and Gandhi called- (c) B. R. Ambedkar (d) Amrit Lal Thakkar
(a) Calcutta Pact (b) London Pact UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994
(c) Poona Pact (d) Lucknow Pact Ans-(b) After the Second Round Table Conference, the
British government agreed to give Communal Award to
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2002-03
the depressed classes on the request of B. R. Ambedkar.
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006 Gandhi opposed the government's decision which he
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. considered it would divide the Hindu society and
subsequently went on to the indefinite fast in Yerwada
20. Which among the following got implemented Jail. He ended his fast after signing the Poona Pact with
after announcement of “Communal Award”? Ambedkar on September 25, 1932. In September, 1932
(a) Lucknow Pact (b) Karachi Agreement Gandhi founded All India Anti-Untouchable League to
remove untouchability in the society, which was later
(c) Lahore Agreement (d) Poona Pact renamed as Harijan Sevak Sangh ("Servants of
UP UDA/LDA Spl. (M) 2010 Untouchables Society"). At the time industrialist
Ghanshyam Das Birla was its founder President
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. with Amritlal Vitthaldas Thakkar as its Secretary.
21. Mahatma Gandhi undertook fast unto death in 24. Who of the following said, “Mahatma Gandhi
1932, mainly because like fleeting phantom raises dust but not the
(a) Round Table Conference failed to satisfy Indian level”?
political aspirations (a) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (b) M.A. Jinnah
(b) Congress and Muslim League had differences of (c) V.D. Savarkar (d) None of the above
opinion UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2004
(c) Ramsay Macdonald announced the Communal Ans-(a) On August 14, 1931 Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
Award during a conversation with Mahatma Gandhi in Mumbai
(d) None of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given said, “History tells that Mahatmas, like fleeting
above is correct in this context phantoms, raise dust but not level.” It is worth notable
that Mahatma Gandhi and B.R. Ambedkar had a
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2012 conflict among them on the matter of situations of
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. depressed classes.
22. 'Operation Rubicon' was the code word proposed 25. How many seats were given to depressed classes
to be adopted by the British Government in India under Communal Award and Poona Pact?
with reference to which of the following? (a) 74 and 79 respectively
(a) Gandhi’s fast unto death in Jail (b) 71 and 147 respectively
(b) Activities of JayaprakashNarayan (c) 78 and 80 respectively
(c) Gandhi’s participation in Round Table (d) 78 and 69 respectively
Conference
BPSC (Pre) 2004-05
(d) None of the above
Ans-(b) The number of reserved seats for depressed
UPPSC RO/ARO (Pre) 2017 classes in Provincial Legislature as per the Communal
Ans-(a) The Government of British India had made Award were 71 which was increased to 148 in Poona
preparations in consultation with the ‘Home’ (British) Pact. The divisions of reserved seats for depressed
Government, to take the necessary measures to classes were as follows- Madras-30, Central Provinces-
counteract public resentment in India and abroad if 20, Sindh with Bombay- 15, Punjab- 8, Bihar and
Orissa- 18, Assam- 7, Bengal- 30 and United Provinces-
Gandhi undertook a fast unto death in Agha Khan Jail
20 and 18% in General class seats were reserved for
of Poona. Even a communique had been drafted,
depressed class in Central Legislature.
History of Modern India 214 YCT

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33.
Congress Socialist Party
1. The Congress Socialist Party was founded in 4. Who among the following was a prominent
1934 by– leader of the Congress Socialist Party ?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru and Vinoba (a) M. N. Roy
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru and Jayaprakash Narayan (b) Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi
(c) Jayaprakash Narayan and Acharya Narendra (c) Pattam Thanu Pillai
Dev (d) Acharya Narendra Dev
(d) Ashok Mehta and Dr. Rajendra Prasad IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre) 5. Jayaprakash Narayan was associated with the
Ans. (c): In 1934, Jayaprakash Narayan, Acharya Party:
Narendra Dev and Ram Manohar Lohia founded the (a) Congress Party
Congress Socialist Party in Patna. It was a socialist (b) Communist Party
group within the Congress Party. The party became
(c) Socialist Party
defunct in 1948.
(d) Kisan Sabha
2. Who was the convener of All India Congress
BPSC (Pre) 2000-01
Socialist Party at Patna in 1934?
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Acharya Narendra Dev
6. The first meeting of the Congress Socialist Party
(b) Achyuta Patvardhan
was held in:
(c) Jayaprakash Narayan
(a) Delhi (b) Nasik
(d) Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia
(c) Patna (d) Lahore
UP Lower Spl. (Pre) 2008
BPSC (Pre) 2000-01
Ans-(c) Jayaprakash Narayan was the convener of first
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
meeting of All India Congress Socialist Party at Patna
in May, 1934. The Congress Socialist Party (CSP) was 7. The first session of Congress Socialist Party was
formed at Patna within the Congress in 1934 by a group held in the year:
of young leaders such as Acharya Narendra Dev (a) 1921 (b) 1934
(President), Jayaprakash Narayan (Secretary), Minoo (c) 1937 (d) 1939
Masani, Yogendra Shukla, Ashok Mehta etc. who BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
wanted a more radical and egalitarian Congress. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
3. Congress Socialist Party was organized in 1934 8. With reference to Congress Socialist Party,
by- consider the following statements:
(a) Jayaprakash Narayan and Jawaharlal Nehru 1. It advocated the boycott of British goods and
(b) Jayaprakash Narayan and Acharya Narendra Dev evasion of taxes.
(c) Jayaprakash Narayan and Subhas Chandra Bose 2. It wanted to establish the dictatorship of
(d) Subhas Chandra Bose and Jawaharlal Nehru proletariat.
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2008 3. It advocated separate electorate for
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. minorities and oppressed classes.

History of Modern India 215 YCT

 Which of the statements given above is/are Ans-(a) The Bihar Socialist Party was founded in 1931
correct? by Ganga Sharan Sinha, Rambriksh Benipuri, Phulan
Prasad Verma and Ramanand Mishra while the Bihar
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 3 only
Congress Socialist Party was formed in 1934 when
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) None
Jayaprakash Narayan convened a meeting at Anjuman
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2015 Islamia Hall in Patna. Archarya Narendra Dev was the
Ans-(d) The Congress Socialist Party (CSP) was first President and Jayaprakash Narayan was the
formed at Patna within the Congress in 1934 by a group General-Secretary of Bihar Congress Socialist Party.
11. Who formed the 'Bihar Socialist Party' in 1931?
of young leaders such as Acharya Narendra Dev
(a) Phulan Prasad Verma
(President), Jayaprakash Narayan (Secretary), Minoo
(b) Swami Yoganand
Masani, Yogendra Shukla, Ashok Mehta etc. who
(c) Narhari Parikh
wanted a more radical and egalitarian Congress. The (d) Dadabhai Naoroji
CSP advocated decentralized socialism in which co- (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
operatives, trade unions, independent farmers, and local 65th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019
authorities would hold a substantial share of the Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
economic power. As secularists, they hoped to 12. Who was the Secretary of Bihar Socialist Party
transcend communal divisions through class solidarity. founded in 1934?
Some, such as Narendra Dev or Basawon Singh (Sinha), (a) Acharya Narendra Dev
advocated a democratic socialism distinct from both (b) Jayaprakash Narayan
(c) Ramvriksh Benipuri
Marxism and reformist social democracy.
(d) Karpuri Thakur
9. Who became champion of socialism and wanted
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
to overthrow British rule, princely states, BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
landlordism and capitalism in 1933? Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Rajendra Prasad 13. Who among the following had been described as
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru the high priest of communism in India?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Baulabhai Desai
(b) Acharya Narendra Dev
(d) Sardar Patel
(c) M.R. Masani
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above (d) Ashok Mehta
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
Ans-(b) Jawaharlal Nehru became champion of Ans-(a) Jawaharlal Nehru had been described as the
socialism and wanted to overthrow British rule, princely high priest of communism in India. It had been
described in a paper named ‘Communist Likes and
states, landlordism and capitalism in 1933. In 1933,
Dislikes.’
Nehru wrote a series of articles under the title 'Bharat
14. Who was the first President of All India Socialist
Ek Khoj' in which he wrote that why he believes in
Youth Congress?
Socialism. (a) Subhas Chandra Bose
10. The founder of Bihar Socialist Party was- (b) Acharya Narendra Dev
(a) Jayaprakash Narayan (c) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Satya Bhakt (d) J. B. Kriplani
UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2013
(c) M. N. Roy
Ans-(c) The first President of All India Socialist Youth
(d) Subhas Chandra Bose
Congress was Jawaharlal Nehru and the session was
BPSC (Pre) 2007-08 held at Calcutta in December, 1928.

History of Modern India 216 YCT

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34.
Provincial Elections and
Formation of Cabinet
1. Which of the following states did not return 5. The province where the Indian National
Congress to power after the first provincial Congress could not get absolute majority during
elections in 1937? the general election of 1937 was-
(a) Punjab (b) Gujarat
(a) Bengal (b) Bihar
(c) Sindh (d) Madras
(c) Madras (d) Orissa
Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2013
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2003
Ans-(*) Provincial elections were held in British India
in the winter of 1936-37 as mandated by the UP Lower (Pre) 2004, 2008
Government of India Act of 1935. The results were very
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. IInd 2004
encouraging for the Congress, Except for Bengal,
Assam, Punjab and Sindh the Congress had fared well Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
in other regions. Later with the help of regional parties 6. The province where the Indian National
Congress was in power in Punjab and Sindh. Congress
Congress could not get absolute majority during
got clear majority in 5 out of 11 provinces namely
the general election of 1937 was-
Madras, United Province, Central Province, Bihar and
Orissa. In Mumbai Congress missed the majority by (a) Bombay (b) Assam
few seats. But later formed government.
(c) Orissa (d) Bihar
Note :- Himachal Commission deleted this question.
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2004
2. In provincial elections of 1937 congress got
majority in 5 out of 11 provinces and in following Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
states it just short by few seats- 7. In which of the following province Indian
(a) Orissa (b) Madras National Congress had not obtained a full
(c) Mumbai (d) Central Province majority in provincial legislature elections held in
UPPCS (Pre) Opt. History 2007 1937?

Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (a) Central Province

3. Participating in the 1937 provincial elections (b) Bihar

congress clinched the complete majority in how
(c) Punjab
many states?
(a) Three (b) Four (d) Madras
(c) Five (d) Six UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 1996 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 8. In 1937 elections, Congress secured a clear
4. In how many provinces was the Congress majority in the state numbering-
ministry formed in the election of the year 1937?
(a) Three (b) Four
(a) 11 (b) 9
(c) Five (d) Six
(c) 6 (d) 3
UP Lower (Pre) 2015 RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 1996
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 217 YCT
 9. After the formation of ministries in the province 13. In which of the following provinces was the
in 1937, Congress rule lasted for- Congress ministry not formed under the Act of
(a) 28 months (d) 29 months 1935?
(c) 30 months (d) 31 months (a) Bihar
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2013 (b) Madras
UP Lower (Pre) 2013 (c) Orissa
Ans-(a) After the formation of ministries in the (d) Punjab
province in 1937, the rule of Indian National Congress
lasted for 28 months. On October 22, 1939 Congress IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005
ministries resigned from legislature due to the inclusion
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
of Indians in the Second World War without the consent
of Indian leaders. Muslim League celebrated December 14. Who of the following was entrusted with finance
22, 1939 (Friday) as ‘Day of Deliverance.’ portfolio in the ministry formed in U.P. after the
10. The tenure of the Congress ministries formed in election of 1937?
the elections of 1937 after the Act of 1935 was-
(a) Govind Ballabh Pant
(a) 20 Months (b) 22 Months
(b) Rafi Ahmad Kidwai
(c) 24 Months (d) 28 Months
(c) Kailash Nath Katju
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010
(d) Mohammad Ibrahim
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
11. Consider the following provinces of British India UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2012
and identify those where the Indian National Ans-(b) Congress got success in 134 seats out of 228
Congress did not form a ministry in 1937? seats in provincial assembly elections of 1937. After
1. Central that Govind Ballabh Pant became Chief Minister, Rafi
2. Orissa Ahmad Kidwai had been given Finance Department and
K. N. Katju became Law and Justice Minister.
3. Bengal
4. Punjab 15. Who led the first Indian ministry formed in
Bihar in 1937?
Select the correct answer from the code given
below: (a) Sri Krishna Singh
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 3 and 4 (b) Mohammad Yunus
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 4 (c) G. S. Lal
UPPSC RO/ARO (Pre) 2016 (d) Wahab Ali
Ans-(b) Mandated by the Government of India Act, (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
1935, the provincial elections were held in 1937 in
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
eleven provinces out of which the Indian National
Congress got full majority in seven states namely Ans-(b) After the elections of 1937, Mohammad Yunus
Madras, Bombay, Central Province, Orissa, Bihar and became the Member of Bihar Legislative Council on the
United Province and NWFP. ticket of Muslim Independent Party from West Patna
12. Which is incorrect in context to elections of (Rural) Constituency and became first Prime Minister in
February, 1937? 1937. He took oath as the first Prime Minister of Bihar
province on 1 April, 1937 under the Government of
(a) The elections were held in 1937
India Act, 1935. His government had Abdul Wahab
(b) Congress contested the elections Khan as revenue Minister, Kumar Ajit Singh Deo as
(c) It got majority in Bengal L.S.G. Minister and Babu Guru Sahay Lal as River
(d) Congress had formed government in six states Development Minister. He also offered a ministerial
position to Jagjivan Ram, who declined due to pressure
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11 from congress leadership for not joining the
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Government.
History of Modern India 218 YCT

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35.
Tripuri Convention of Congress
and Formation of Forward Bloc
1. Who was elected the President of Indian (c) Tripuri Session
National Congress in the famous Tripuri (d) Calcutta Session
session of 1939?
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011
(a) Subhas Chandra Bose
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(b) Sarat Chandra Bose
4. The founder of Forward Bloc was-
(c) Pattabhi Sitaramayya
(a) JayaprakashNarayan
(d) Rash Behari Bose
(b) C. R. Dey
Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
(c) Motilal Nehru
Ans. (a): Subhas Chandra Bose was re-elected as the
(d) Subhas Chandra Bose
President of INC at the Tripuri Session in 1939 by
defeating the Gandhiji’s candidate Pattabhi BPSC (Pre) 2007-08
Sitaramaiyya. In 1939, this Session of Congress was
Ans-(d) Subhas Chandra Bose defeated Pattabhi
held at Tripuri which is a small town situated in the
Sitaramaiyya (supported by Mahatma Gandhi) with
state of Madhya Pradesh. This session is famous as in
1580 votes over 1377 votes to become President of
this Pattabhi Sitaramayya was standing against Subhas
Indian National Congress for the second time in Tripuri
Chandra Bose. Pattabhi Sitaramayya was the closest
Session held in 1939. On the question of formation of
candidate appointed by Mahatma Gandhi on his behalf.
Congress Working Committee, the dispute between
Rajendra Prasad became the President later in 1939.
Gandhi and Subhas Chandra Bose came arise as a
2. Subhas Chandra Bose defeated Pattabhi result, he resigned from the Congress Presidentship in
Sitaramaiya and became President of Indian the AICC Session held at Wellington Square, Calcutta
National Congress at- on April 29, 1939. Soon after on May 3, 1939 he
declared the formation of Forward Bloc as a left
(a) Haripura Session, 1938
platform within the Congress at a public meeting held at
(b) Tripuri Session, 1939 Sraddhananda Park, Calcutta.

(c) Lahore Session, 1929 5. The whole dispute between Subhas Chandra Bose
and right wing, after Tripuri Session of Congress,
(d) Madras Session, 1927 centered round to the question of-

UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2010 (a) Formation of Congress Working Committee

Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (b) Policy towards princely states
(c) Attitude towards Central Government
3. In which of the following session of Indian
National Congress Subhas Chandra Bose was (d) Double membership of Congress Socialist Party
elected as President for the second time? members
(a) Haripura Session RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2008
(b) Madras Session Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.

History of Modern India 219 YCT

 6. Which party was founded by Subhas Chandra 10. Subhas Chandra Bose was chosen President of
Bose in the year 1939 after he broke away from Congress in Tripuri Session of Indian National
the Congress? Congress in the year 1939. Where is Tripuri?
(a) Indian Freedom Party (a) Calcutta
(b) Azad Hind Fauj
(b) Pune
(c) Revolutionary Party
(c) Jabalpur
(d) Forward Block
(d) Ahmedabad
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2000
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(c) Tripuri is situated in Jabalpur district of
7. S. C. Bose founded ‘Forward Bloc’ in- Madhya Pradesh. It is worth notable that Subhas
(a) 1936 (b) 1937 Chandra Bose was elected as the President of Indian
National Congress for the first time in 1938 in Haripura
(c) 1938 (d) 1939
Session.
BPSC (Pre) 2000-01
11. Who joined Subhas Chandra Bose to found All
UP Lower (Pre) 2008 India Forward Bloc and actively associated with
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2016 the INA movement?

UPPSC Food Safety Inspector Exam 2013 (a) JayaprakashNarayan

Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (b) Baikunth Shukla

8. Who became the President of the Indian National (c) Sheel Bhadra Yajee
Congress after the resignation of Subhas
Chandra Bose? (d) Ram Narain Prasad

(a) Abul Kalam Azad (e) None of the above/More than one of the above

(b) Rajendra Prasad BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017

(c) Pattabhi Sitaramaiya Ans-(c) Sheel Bhadra Yajee was an Activist

from Bihar who was associated with the non-violent and
(d) Vallabhbhai Patel
the violent form of the Indian Independence Movement.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2007 His participation in the freedom movement began in
1928 when he was a student, attended the Calcutta
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Session of the Indian National Congress. He joined
9. Who was elected the President of Congress after the Congress Socialist Party four years later and became
Tripuri Crisis? involved in the Kisan Movement. Later, he came in
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru close touch with Subhas Chandra Bose and Mahatma
Gandhi. In 1939, he joined Bose to found the All India
(b) Pattabhi Sitaramaiyya
Forward Bloc. He was actively associated with the
(c) Rajendra Prasad INA movement. Yajee raised his voice against
(d) Sardar Patel caste prejudices and other social evils. He was a firm
believer in the Active participation of the peasants,
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2004-05
workers and the middle classes in the struggle for the
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. transformation of society.

History of Modern India 220 YCT

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36.
Conflicts Among Princely States
1. By which reward was V.R. Shinde felicitated in 5. _____mandal was the Nationalist People's
1932-33 by the State of Baroda? organization in the Indian Princely States?
(a) Samajik Puraskar (b) Dalit Mitra (a) Mufti (b) Kisan
(c) Dalit Sathi (d) Rao Saheb (c) Praja (d) Diwan
Maharashtra PSC 2022 Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I
Ans. (b) : In 1904, he established the Mumbai Dharma Ans. (c): 'The All India States Peoples' Conference
Parishad and in 1905, he established the association of (AISPC) was a conglomeration of political movement
Youg Believers in Mumbai in October itself. In 1932-33 in the princely states of the British Raj. It were variably
of the state of Baroda, he was rewarded as Dalit Mitra. called Praja Mandals or Lok Parishads.
• The first session of the organisation was held in
2. Before the formation of 'All India States Bombay in December 1927.
Peoples' at the national level, which of the
6. Who among the following negotiated Subordinate
following organizations was active in Kolhapur
Alliance of 1817-18 with Princely States of
to raise the concerns of the people?
Rajputana?
(a) Lok Sabha (b) Rajya Sabha (a) David Ochterlony (b) Charles Metcalfe
(c) Vidhan Sabha (d) Paropakarini Sabha (c) Arthur Wellesley (d) John George
Maharashtra PSC 2022 RAS/RTS (Pre)-2018
Ans. (a) : Before the formation of 'All India States Ans-(b) Lord Hastings superseded Lord Minto I and
Peoples' Congress at the national level, Lok Sabha became the Governor-General of Bengal in 1813. He
organization were active is Kolhapur to raise the wanted to establish the British monopoly in India and so
concerns of the people. it was necessary to supress the Pindaris. For this task,
3. During the freedom struggle, a parallel the British government wanted an alliance with the
movement launched in the Indian States (in the Rajputana states. Towards this stride, Charles Metcalfe
States ruled by the Indian rulers such as initiated/negotiated Subordinate Alliance of 1817-18
Kashmir, Nizam's Hyderabad, Travancore etc) with Princely States of Rajputana.
was 7. Which of the following princely states did not
(a) State People's Movement sign the Instrument of Accession?
(a) Junagarh (b) Baroda
(b) Praja Mandal Movement
(c) Bikaner (d) Jaipur
(c) Swaraj Movement Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
(d) More than one of the above
Ans. (a): The Instrument of accession was legal
(e) None of the above document first introduced by Government of India Act
68th BPSC 2022 1935 and used in 1947 to enable each of the rulers of
Ans. (b): The term states People Movements refers to a princely states under British paramount to join one of
general situation where different movements were the new dominions of India or Pakistan. Hyderabad
organized in the princely states. These were variously Junagarh, Jammu and Kashmir were the princely states
referred to a States People Conference (Not Movement), which did not accept the Instrument of Accession to the
Praja Mandal and lok parishads. Option (b) mentions Union of India.
Praja Mandal which is correct answer. 8. The objective of the Butler Committee of 1927
4. The Butler Committee was set up in 1927 to was to-
investigate (a) Define the jurisdiction of the Central and
(a) Revolutionary movements Provincial Governments.
(b) Famines in India
(b) Define the powers of the Secretary of State for
India.
(c) Indigenous Industries
(c) Impose censorship on national press.
(d) Relations between Princely States and British
(d) Improve the relationship between the
Indian Government Government of India and the Indian States.
Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2017
Ans. (d) : The Harcourt Butler Committee under the Ans-(d) The Indian States committee appointed a
Chairmanship of Sir Harcourt Butler was appointed in committee under the chairmanship of Sir Harcourt
1927 to investigate and clarify the relationship between Butler which was popularly known as the Butler
the British Raj and the rulers of princely states. Committee to investigate and clarify the relationship

History of Modern India 221 YCT

between the paramount power and Princes of Princely 12. The native state of Tripura became involved in
States in 1927 AD. Committee visited 16 states and the Freedom Movement early in the 20th century
submitted its report in 1929. The committee was formed because
by Lord Irwin. The following recommendations were (a) the kings of Tripura were always anti-British
given by the Butler committee. (b) the Bengal revolutionaries took shelter in
(i) Paramountcy must remain supreme and must fulfill Tripura
its obligations, adopting and defining itself according to (c) the tribes of the state were fiercely freedom
the shifting necessities of time amid progressive loving
development of states. (d) there were already some groups fighting against
(ii) The states were bound by treaties with the Crown the kingship and its protector, the British
and the states should not be handed over without the IAS (Pre) G.S. 2000
ruler’s prior consent to an Indian Government in British Ans-(b) The King of the princely state of Tripura used
India responsible to an Indian Legislature. to include the educated Bengali people in his
(iii) The Viceroy, not the Governor-General in council
administration. Due to British pressure in the early 20th
was to be the Crown agent in dealing states.
century, many revolutionaries of Bengal were sheltered
9. The purpose of Butler Committee, 1927 was-
in Tripura. The native state of Tripura became involved
(a) Modernization of Indian Army
in the Freedom Movement early in 20th century because
(b) Innovative modernization of Indian Agriculture
(c) Implementation of sensor on national there were already some groups led by Bengali
newspapers revolution arose who were fighting against the kingship
(d) Improvement of relationship between Indian and its protector, the British.
Provinces and the Crown 13. In which of the following session congress
BPSC (Pre) 2003-04 declared its policy towards Indian states for the
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. first time?
10. Which one of the following native states was a (a) Nagpur Session (b) Gaya Session
party to the ‘Stand-Still’ Agreement? (c) Calcutta Session (d) Lucknow Session
(a) Hyderabad (b) Jammu and Kashmir UPPCS (Pre) Cancelled Exam 2015
(c) Junagadh (d) Mysore Ans-(a) The Congress, for the first time at its Nagpur
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1997 Session in 1920, enunciated its policy towards the
Ans-(a) A Stand-Still Agreement is an agreement which people’s movements in the Princely States. It called
has the effect of suspending or extending a statutory or upon the princes to grant full responsible government in
contractual limitation period. The agreement was signed their states. However, it was pointed out that though the
between State of Hyderabad and Dominion of India of people belonging to the states could enroll themselves
November 29, 1947. The agreement was signed by as member of the Congress but they could not initiate
Prime Minister of Hyderabad State, Mir Osman Ali and political activity in the state on the name of the
Governor General of Dominion of India, Lord Congress. They could carry on political Activity in their
Mountbatten. Nizam Mir Osman Ali wanted an individual capacity as members of the local Praja
independent status for Hyderabad. Hence, he entered Mandals.
into the standstill agreement with India in November 14. At the time of Transfer of Power, one of
1947 for a year while negotiations with the Indian the States possessed a well developed Congress
Government were going on. party organization, which was-
11. Who among the following was the President of (a) Hyderabad (b) Awadh
the All-India States Peoples Conference in 1939? (c) Mysore (d) Junagadh
(a) Jayaprakash Narayan
BPSC (Pre) 2003-04
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Sheikh Abdullah Ans-(c) The State of Mysore possessed a well
(d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel developed Congress Party organization at the time of
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2001 transfer of power in 1947.
Ans-(b) There were around 562 Princely States in 15. The Congress in Travancore launched a Civil
British India in which Hyderabad was the largest and Disobedience Movement against the autocratic
Bilbari was the smallest Princely State. In 1920, State Government of the Diwan of Travancore State,
People Conference (Praja Mandal) was formed in who was-
various princely states such as Mysore, Hyderabad, (a) C. P. Ramaswami Aiyer (b) J. Krishna Swamy
Baroda and Kathiawar. The All India State People (c) P. K. Warrier (d) Bhaskaran Nair
Conference was held in 1927. The main leaders in this BPSC (Pre) 2003-04
conference were Balwant Rai Mehta, Mani Lal Kothari Ans-(a) The struggle for responsible government had
and G. R. Abhyankar. Jawaharlal Nehru was elected as been launched in Travancore and Cochin by 1938-39.
the President of All India State People Conference in The struggle in Cochin was far less in intensity than that
1939 held in Ludhiana to represent the common in Travancore because the rulers of Cochin adopted on
National interest of political struggles of the Princely the whole, a lenient policy of political concessions
States and British India. which averted violent clashes. In June 1938, a diarchal
History of Modern India 222 YCT
 form of Government was established allowing popular (a) Sir John Shore
ministers to control some departments. This did not (b) Lord Cornwallis
work and the Cochin Praja Mandalam was founded in (c) Lord Wellesley
1941 to spearhead the agitation to fulfill the (d) Lord William Cavendish Bentinck
responsibility of the government. The Travancore State
UPPSC Food Safety Inspector Exam 2013
Congress launched a campaign seeking dismissal of the
Diwan, C. P. Ramaswamy Iyer, against whom they had Ans-(a) Sir John Shore succeeded Cornwallis. He
leveled certain charges. The State Congress and the looked after the affairs of the company till 1798 AD
Youth League were banned. The State Congress then when he was recalled due to failure in tackling with the
organized a Civil Disobedience Movement. The rising mutiny of army officials of Bengal in 1785 AD. Sir
tempo of the movement forced the government to John Shore followed a policy of non-intervention in the
withdraw the ban. The Diwan refused to open affairs of the native states.
negotiation until the charges were withdrawn. The 20. Which of the following characteristics about the
charges were finally withdrawn following Gandhiji's State of Travancore in 18th century Kerala is/are
intervention. This created a split in the Congress. The correct?
members of the Youth League left the State Congress to 1. Travancore was ruled by Marthanda Varma
join the Communist Party. from 1729 to 1758.
16. The All India State People’s Conference was 2. Travancore built a strong army and defeated
founded in- the Dutch in 1741.
(a) 1924 (b) 1926
3. Travancore was an important centre of
(c) 1927 (d) 1929
learning.
BPSC (Pre) 1995
Select the correct answer using the code given
Ans-(c) The All India State People’s Conference was
founded in December, 1927 to coordinate political below:
Activities in the princely states. More than 700 political (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only
workers of different states participated in this (c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1 only
conference. Balwant Rai Mehta, Manilal Kothari and UPSC CDS Ist G.S. 2015
G.R. Abhyankar played significant role in this Ans-(c) In 1729 AD, Martanda Varma ascended the
organization. throne, anarchy reigned supreme in South Travancore
17. Which of the following Princely States was not and ruled untill his death in 1758 AD. The Travancore-
annexed by the British? Dutch War was fought between the Dutch East India
(a) Sindh (b) Gwalior Company (VOC) and Indian kingdom of Travancore
(c) Awadh (d) Satara under Martanda Varma, culminating in the Battle of
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above Colachel in 1741 AD. Travancore became the second
BPSC (Pre) 2017-18 most prosperous princely state in British India with
Ans-(b) The princely state of Gwalior was not annexed remarkable achievements in education, political
by the British. Sindh was annexed by Lord administration, public works and social reforms.
Ellenborough in 1843. The kingdom of Oudh (Awadh) 21. Which one among the following was not true
was the only state whose ruler Nawab Wajid Ali Shah about the Kerala king, Martanda Varma?
was dispossessed on the ground of “intolerable (a) He ruled over Travancore
misgovernment”. Awadh was annexed in February 1856 (b) He subdued the feudatories
via a proclamation. States annexed under Doctrine of (c) He gave bribes to the European officers to
Lapse include: Satara (annexed in 1848) Jaitpur maintain peace
(annexed in 1849) Sambhalpur (annexed in 1849) (d) He organized a strong modern army
Baghat (annexed in 1850) Udaipur (annexed in 1852) UPSC CDS IInd 2011
Jhansi (annexed in 1853) Nagpur (annexed in 1854)
Ans-(c) King Martand Varma of Travancore State was a
Karauli (annexed in 1855).
worthy ruler. He suppressed the feudal powers and
18. In which state the communist parties jointly defeated the Dutch by conquering Kollam (Quilon) and
organized ‘Bhu-Portam’ Movement? Kottarakkara (Elayadath) and also defeated their
(a) Andhra Pradesh (b) Tamil Nadu political power in Kerala. With the help of European
(c) Karnataka (d) Kerala officers, he had organized a powerful army based on
RAS/RTS (Pre) 2006-07 western model and equipped them with modern
Ans-(a) The ‘Bhu Portam’ Movement was organized by weapons. In the second half of the 18th century,
the communist parties in Andhra Pradesh. Trivandrum, the capital of Travancore, became a
19. Which of the following is outlined for the Non- famous center of Sanskrit learning. The successor of
Conventional Policy regarding the native states of Martand Verma, Ram Verma himself was a poet and
India? prominent musician.
History of Modern India 223 YCT

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37.
Second World War & National
Movement-August Proposal,
Demand of Pakistan and
Individual Satyagraha
(e) None of the above/More than one of the
1. Two statements are given below, one is labelled
above
as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R):
Assertion (A) : In October 1940, Gandhiji gave 67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021
call for a limited Satyagraha by a few selected Ans. (d) : On 6 November 1943, Japan finally handed
individuals. over Andaman and Nicobar Islands to India. The
Reason (R) : The Satyagraha was kept limited Islands were passed to government of Netaji Subhas
so as to embrace. Britain's war efforts. Chandra Bose, who suggested back then to rename the
Andaman Island as 'Shaheed' and Nicobar Island as
Select the correct answer using the code given
'Swaraj' Island respectively.
below:
3. Who was the third Satyagrahi of Individual
Code − Satyagraha launched by Mahatma Gandhi in
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the 1940?
correct explanation of (A).
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(b) Rajendra Prasad
(c) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A). (c) Brahma Dutt
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true. (d) Vinoba Bhave
UPPCS RO/ARO (Pre) 2023 (Cancelled) (e) None of the above/More than one of the
Ans. (c) : Gandhi ji launched a limited Individual above
Satyagraha in response to the August offer. It was a 67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021
protest against the British Government and their
Ans. (c) Individual Satyagraha was limited, symbolic
inability to meet Indian demands. The satyagraha was
and non-violent in nature and it was left to Mahatma
kept limited so as to embrace Britain's war efforts.
Gandhi to choose the satyagrahi. The movement was
Hence both assertion (A) and reason (R) are correct started on 17th October 1940. Vinoba Bhave was the
and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). first satyagrahi, Jawahar Lal Nehru was third
2. Subhas Chandra Bose renamed Nicobar Island satyagrahi. Brahma Dutt was the third Satyagraha.
as 4. Who was the first person to place the demand
(a) Shaheed Island for a separate Muslim state in British India?
(b) Balidan Island (a) Mohammad Iqbal

(c) Navodya Island (b) Mohammad Ali Jinnah

(d) Swaraj Island (c) Rahmat Ali

History of Modern India 224 YCT
 (d) Mountbatten 7. Who was selected as first Satyagrahi in Individual
(e) Answer not known Satyagraha Movement by Mahatma Gandhi?

TNPSC (Pre) 2022 (a) Jawaharlal Nehru

Ans. (a): Mohammad Iqbal was the first person to place (b) Sardar Patel
the demand for a separate Muslim state in British India (c) Sarojini Naidu
in 1930 in All India Muslim League annual session at
(d) Vinoba Bhave
Allahabad.
UPPCS (Pre) 1995
5. Who was the first Satyagrahi of the Individual
Satyagraha Movement? Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2004-05, 2006

(a) Sarojini Naidu UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007

(b) C. Rajagopalachari Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.

(c) Vinoba Bhave 8. The Congress ministries resigned in the seven

(d) Subhas Chandra Bose provinces in 1939, because-

(e) None of the above/More than one of the above (a) the Congress could not form ministries in the
other four provinces
65th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019
(b) emergence of a left wing' in the Congress made
Ans-(c) Linithgow reported that August payments were
the working of the ministries impossible
inadequate. Mahatma Gandhi led an individual
Satyagraha to affirm the freedom of speech. He avoided (c) there were widespread communal disturbances
a mass Satyagraha because he did not want violence. in their provinces
Mahatma Gandhi on October 17, 1940 selected Vinoba (d) None of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given
Bhave as the first Satyagrahi, Nehru as second and above is correct
Brahma Datt as third Satyagrahi. The Satyagrahis also
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2012
started a march towards Delhi which was called the
‘Delhi Chalo Movement’. The movement failed to pick Ans-(d) After the formation of ministries in the
up steam and was aborted in December, 1940. After the province in 1937, the rule of Indian National Congress
failure of the August Offer, the British government sent lasted for 28 months. On October 22, 1939 Congress
the Cripps Mission to India in a bid to garner Indian ministries resigned from legislature due to the inclusion
support for the war. of Indians in the Second World War without the consent
6. In the ''Individual Satyagraha,” Vinoba Bhave of Indian leaders. Muslim League celebrated December
was chosen as the first Satyagrahi. Who was the 22, 1939 (Friday) as ‘Day of Deliverance’. Hence none
second? of the above given options are correct.
(a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
9. Which Indian nationalist leader looked upon a
(b) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru war between Germany and Britain as a god sent
(c) Rajagopalachari opportunity which would enable Indians to
exploit the situation to their advantage?
(d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(a) C. Rajagopalachari
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2009
(b) M. A. Jinnah
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2002
(c) Subhas Chandra Bose
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2000-01
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru
Ans-(b) Kindly refer explanation of the above
question. IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999
History of Modern India 225 YCT
 Ans. (c) Subhas Chandra Bose considered the Second 12. Who made the August Offer on 8 August, 1940
World War between Germany and Britain as a god sent promising Dominion status?
opportunity which would enable Indians to exploit the (a) Churchill
situations to their advantage. He believed that India
could be freed at this moment as the British are trapped (b) Linlithgow
in the war. (c) Attlee
10. What was the policy of Indian National Congress (d) Cripps
during Second World War? UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
(a) Cooperation of Britain in the case of assurance
Ans: (b) Lord Linlithgow, then Viceroy of India had
of complete independence
declared India to be at Second World War without
(b) Active collaboration of British consultation. Indian National Congress leaders were
(c) Neutrality upset with the British government for having pulled
India into a war without the consent of Indians. The
(d) None of the above
British government was keen to get Indian support for
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993 the war. Indian National Congress said that support
Ans-(a) When Second World War began in 1939, for the war would be provided if power was
Britain made India a belligerent state without consulting transferred to an interim government in India. On
Indian elected councils. That action angered Indian August 8th, 1940, then Viceroy Linlithgow made a set
officials and prompted the Congress Party to declare of proposals called the ‘August offer’. For the first
that India would not support the war effort until it had time, the right of Indians to frame their own
been granted complete independence. The Congress constitution was acknowledged.
strongly attacked the British policy. Later on, it 13. Whom did Rajendra Prasad consider as the
demanded the recognition of right of India to be a full father of Pakistan?
state on the basis of the letter and spirit of the Atlantic (a) Md. Jinnah
Charter. (b) Lord Mountbatten
11. Statement (S): Indian National Congress had (c) Lord Minto
collaborated/assisted British in Second World
(d) Liaquat Ali Khan
War.
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Reason (R): Because they were expecting to grant
complete independence. BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18

(a) S and R are individually true and R is the Ans-(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad considered Lord Minto as
correct explanation of S the father of Pakistan. Lord Minto-II served as
Governor-General and Viceroy of India from 1905 to
(b) Both S and R are false 1910. Lord Minto-II witnessed the outburst of Indian
(c) S is true but R is false National Movement. Major events that happened
during his regime included Actment of Newspapers
(d) R is true but S is false
(Incitement to offences) Act, 1908, Explosive
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992 Substances Act, Deportation of Lala Lajpat Rai and Ajit
Ans-(b) On October 22, 1939 Congress ministries Singh to Mandalay Jail (1907), Surat Split (1907), Trial
resigned from legislature due to the inclusion of Indians of Bal Gangadhar Tilak (1908), Foundation of the
in the Second World War without the consent of Indian Indian Muslim League (1906), Indian Council Act of
leaders. Muslim League celebrated December 22, 1939 1909 (Morley-Minto Reforms), establishment of Indian
(Friday) as ‘Day of Deliverance’. The Congress Home Rule Society in England by Shyamji Verma,
announced that “We will not be involved in any such Murder of Col. William Wyllie by Madan Lal Dhingra
war, in which imperialist interests and policies are (1909), Assassination of Jackson, the Magistrate of Nasik
contained.” and Ahmedabad Bomb Case (1909).

History of Modern India 226 YCT

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38.
Cripps Mission and Quit
India Movement
1. In 1942 AD, on the occasion of which festival The British government would accept the new
Jayaprakash Narayan escaped from constitution subject to two conditions: (i) any province
Hazaribagh jail? not willing to join the Union could have a separate
(a) Holi (b) Dussehra constitution and form a separate Union, and (ii) the new
(c) Deepawali (d) Baisakhi constitution- making body and the British government
(e) None of the above/More than one of the would negotiate a treaty to effect the transfer of power
above and to safeguard racial and religious minorities. (Hence,
67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021 Statement 2 is correct).
Ans. (c) : Jayaprakash Narayan along with his In addition to that, defence of India would remain in
accomplices started making plans to escape from the British hands and the governor-general’s powers would
jail. He became successful in escaping on the occasion remain intact.
of Deepawali in 1942 when several guards were on 3. Who launched secret radio during the Quit
leave. . It was a daring escape which made Jayaprakash India Movement?
Narayan a folk hero. (a) Subhadra Kumari Chauhan
2. With reference to the proposals of Cripps Mission, (b) Sucheta Kripalani
consider the following statements: (c) Annie Besant
1. The Constituent Assembly would have (d) Usha Mehta
members nominated by the Provincial (e) None of the above/More than one of the
Assemblies as well as the Princely States. above
2. Any Province, which is not prepared to 67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021
accept the new Constitution would have the Ans. (d) Usha Mehta was Gandhian and freedom fighter
right to sign a separate agreement with who is also known for her efforts in organising the
Britain regarding its future status. Congress Radio a secret radio station to spread
Which of the statements given above is/are nationalistic fervor at a time when the country was
correct? vehemently fighting the British.
(a) 1 only 4. Which movement was also famous as 'August
(b) 2 only Kranti' movement?
(c) Both 1 and 2 (a) Tebhaga
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (b) Santhal
UPSC IAS 2022 (c) Quit India
Ans. (b): In March 1942, a mission headed by Stafford (d) Champaran Non-Cooperation
Cripps was sent to India with constitutional proposals Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
to seek Indian support for the war. Ans. (c): The Quit India Movement, also known as the
The main proposals of the Cripps mission were as August Kranti Movement, was a movement launched at
follows: An Indian Union with a dominion status would the Bombay Session of the All India Congress
be set up; it would be free to decide its relations with Committee by Mahatma Gandhi on 8th August 1942
the Commonwealth and free to participate in the United during World War II, demanding an end to British rule
Nations and other international bodies. in India.
After the end of the war, a constituent assembly would 5. Who among the following women freedom
be convened to frame a new constitution. Members of fighter was not associated with 'Quit India
this assembly would be partly elected by the provincial Movement'?
assemblies through proportional representation and (a) Kanak Lata Barua (b) Matangini Hazra
partly nominated by the princes. (Hence, Statement 1 is (c) Shanti Ghosh (d) Aruna Asaf Ali
incorrect). UPPCS (Pre) 2023
History of Modern India 227 YCT
Ans. (c) : Shanti Ghosh (Ghose) was born in Calcutta to Congress Radio played a major role in coordinating the
nationalist Debendranath Ghose. In 1931, she founded various protest when senior leaders were arrested by the
the Chhatri Sangha and became its secretary. Inspired British authorities.
by Profullanandini Brahma, she joined the revolutionary 9. Who among the following ran ‘Congress Radio’
Jugantar Party. during the ‘Quit India Movement’?
In December 1931, Shanti Ghose and Suniti Chaudhary, (a) Aruna Asaf Ali
shot dead the district Magistrate Stevens of Tripura. In (b) Jai Prakash Narayan
1939, she was released as per amnesty treaty between (c) Usha Mehta
the government and Mahatma Gandhi. After release (d) None of the above
from prison, she joined the Indian National Congress.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1997
She also participated in the Communists movements,
Ans-(c) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
but she never participated in Quit India Movement.
10. Aruna Asaf Ali was one of the prominent
6. With reference to Indian freedom struggle, Usha
organizers of the underground activities during
Mehta is well-known for-
the ____.
(a) Running the secret Congress Radio in the wake
(a) Civil Disobedience Movement
of Quit India Movement
(b) Quit India Movement
(b) Participating in the Second Round Table
Conference (c) Swedish Movement
(d) Temple Entry Movement
(c) Leading a contingent of Indian National Army
(d) Assisting in the formation of Interim Assam PSC (CCE) Pre-2021
Government under Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Ans. (b): Aruna Asaf Ali was a freedom fighter who
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2011rose to prominence during the Quit India Movement.
Uttarakhand Lower (Pre) 2011 The Quit India resolution was passed by the Indian
National Congress on 8 August 1942.
Ans-(a) Usha Mehta is known for running a secret
Despite major leaders and many workers of the party
Congress Radio during freedom struggle. Ram Manohar
being in Jail, Aruna Asaf Ali led the remainder of the party
Lohia regularly broadcast on the radio. She was a
and unfurled the congress flag at Gowalia Tank Maidan,
graduate of Bombay University and joined the Quit
India Movement in 1942. She worked secretly with making the begining of the Quit Indian Movement.
Babu Bhai Prasad and established a Secret Radio 11. During the freedom struggle, Aruna Asaf Ali was
Transmitter. She was repressed by the British to a major woman organizer of underground
disclose the names of her colleagues but refused to do activities in-
so. Later she became a lecturer in Bombay. (a) Civil Disobedience Movement
7. Who among the following made regular (b) Non-Cooperation Movement
broadcast on Congress Radio operated during (c) Quit India Movement
Quit India Movement? (d) Swadeshi Movement
(a) Jai Prakash Narayan Haryana PSC Pre 2014,
(b) Subhas Chandra Bose IAS (Pre) G.S. 2009
(c) Ram Manohar Lohia UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2009, 2010, 2013
(d) Sucheta Kriplani UP UDA/LDA SPl. (Pre) G.S. 2010
UP Lower (Pre) 2008 Ans-(c) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
Ans-(c) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. 12. Mrs. Aruna Asaf Ali died in July 1996. In what
8. She is remembered for organizing the Congress field she is known for her contribution?
Radio, also called the Secret Congress Radio, (a) Literature (b) Freedom struggle
an underground ratio station, which functioned (c) Music (d) None of the above
for few months during the Quit India MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1997
Movement of 1942. Ans-(b) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
(a) Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay 13. The Commander-in-Chief of the Indian army
(b) Aruna Asaf Ali during Quit India Movement was-
(c) Usha Mehta (a) Lord Wavell (b) Lord Linlithgow
(d) Matangini Hazra (c) Lord Mountbatten (d) None of the above
Mizoram PSC-2021 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
Ans. (c): Usha Mehta was a freedom fighter known for Ans-(a) Lord Wavell was the Commander-in-Chief of
her role in setting up the Congress Radio, an the Indian Army during Quit India Movement. Later he
underground radio that functioned during the Quit India served as Viceroy and Governor-General of India from
Movement of 1942. 1943-1947.
History of Modern India 228 YCT
14. During the Quit India Movement, a girl named 18. In whose Viceroyalty, Gandhi launched the
Kanaklata Barua led a public procession and Individual Satyagraha and the Quit India
defying the police, tried to enter the police Movement and the Cripps Mission arrived in
station but was shot dead. This incident took India?
place at- (a) Lord Irwin
(a) Sonitpur (b) Midanpur (b) Marquess of Linlithgow
(c) Korapur (d) Gohpur (c) Lord Wavell
RAS/RTS (PRE.) 2021 (d) Earl of Wellington
Ans. (d): Kanaklata Barua was a member of Mrityu Himachal Pradesh PSC Pre 2018
Bahini, a death squad comprising groups of youth from
Ans-(b) Lord Linlithgow (1936-44) became the Viceroy
the Gohpur Subdivision of Assam. She was shot dead
on 20 September 1942, in Gohpur, while trying to enter after Lord Wellington. Important chronicles during this
the police station bearing the National Flag during the time were as following-
Quit India Movement. 1939 - S.C.Bose formed the Forward Block Party.
15. With reference to 8th August, 1942 in Indian 1939 - Beginning of the Second World War
history, which one of the following statements 1940 - Individual Satyagraha was launched by
in correct? Gandhiji
(a) The Quit India Resolution was adopted by the 1942 - Arrival of the Cripps Mission in India
AICC. 1942 - 'The Quit India Movement' started.
(b) The Viceroy's Executive Council was 19. Who was the Viceroy of India during the Quit
expanded to include more Indians. India Movement?
(a) Lord Dufferin (b) Lord Wavell
(c) The Congress ministries resigned in seven
(c) Lord Linlithgow (d) Lord Mountbatten
provinces.
(d) Cripps proposed an Indian Union with full Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022
Dominion Status once the Second World War Ans. (c) : Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
was over. 20. In response to which of the following proposals
UPSC (IAS) 2021 was the 'Quit India Movement' launched?
(a) Simon Commission Report
Ans. (a): On 8th August, 1942 the Quit India Movement
resolution was adopted by the All-India Congress (b) Cripps Mission Proposal
Committee (AICC). (c) Cabinet Mission Plan
Hence, option (a) is the correct answer. (d) Wavell Plan
Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
16. Quit India Movement was launched in the year
Ans. (b): The Cripps' Mission and its failure also
(a) 1942
played an important role in Gandhi's call for The Quit
(b) 1940 India Movement.
(c) 1944 The Quit India Movement (August Kranti) of August
(d) None of the above 1942, was launched in response to Mahatma Gandhi’s
CGPSC (Pre) 2023 national call for satyagraha. The All-India Congress
Ans. (a) : Kindly refer the explanation of above Committee proclaimed a mass protest demanding what
question. Gandhiji called "an orderly British withdrawal" from
India. It was started on 8th August from the Gwalior
17. All Indian Azad Dasta at Bakri ka Tapu was
Tank Maidan in Mumbai in 1942.
organized during the Quit India Movement by–
21. Assertion (A): The Congress rejected the Cripps
(a) Ram Manohar Lohia
proposals.
(b) Usha Mehta
Reason (R): The Cripps Mission consisted solely
(c) Chitu Panday of whites.
(d) Jayprakash Narayan (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above explanation of A
66th BPSC re exam 2020 (Pre) (b) Both A and R are true, but R is NOT the correct
Ans. (d) : Azad Dasta was organized by Jay Prakash explanation of A
Narayan, while being underground during Quit India (c) A is true, but R is false
Movement, from Tarai region of Nepal (Bakari ka (d) A is false, but R is true
Tapu), to fight the tyranny of the British rule. IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998
History of Modern India 229 YCT
Ans-(b) The Cripps Mission was sent by the British (c) A is true but R is false
government to India in March 1942 to obtain Indian (d) A is false but R is true
cooperation for the British war efforts in the 2nd World UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2005
War. It was headed by Sir Richard Stafford Cripps, a Ans-(a) The Quit India Movement of 1942 was the
Labour Minister in Winston Churchill’s coalition most powerful mass movement in late colonial India. Its
government in Britain. Though it consisted of white importance lay not only in its reflecting the climax of
members only but the proposal was rejected by congress the anti-British struggle but also in its vision for the
because congress was not convinced with the dominion future. Although the Britishers brutally suppressed the
status offered by the mission. Hence, A and R both are Quit Movement but it gave the signals that the British
correct but R is not the correct explanation of A. rule was no more wanted in India. After the movement
22. In which year did the Cripps Mission came to it was a need of time to find a suitable mechanism for
India? transfer of power. Hence Both Assertion (A) and
(a) 1940 (b) 1942 Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
(c) 1944 (d) 1946 explanation of the Assertion (A).
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2016 25. Consider the statements given below and select
Ans-(b) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. the correct answer from the code given below-
23. Assertion (A): Lord Linlithgow described the Assertion (A): As a result of Quit India
August Movement of 1942 as the most serious Movement, British and Muslims came closer to
revolt after the sepoy mutiny. each other due to similar hatred against
Reason (R): Peasants joined the movement in Congress.
large number in some places. Reason (R): Jinnah had worked as staunch ally of
Code: the British Government and asked the Muslims
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct to stay away from Congress’s Movement of 1942
explanation of A Code:
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct (a) Both (A) and (R) are individually true and (R) is
explanation of A the correct explanation of (A)
(c) A is true but R is false (b) Both (A) and (R) are individually true but (R) is
(d) A is false but R is true not the correct explanation of (A)
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999, 2000 (c) (A) is true but (R) is false
Ans-(a) Lord Linlithgow was Viceroy of India from (d) (A) is false but (R) is true
1936 to 1944 and this eight year period was longest UP UDA/LDA (Pre) G.S. 2003
reign as Viceroy of India. In July 1942, the Congress Ans-(a) The Quit India Movement or August
Working Committee met at Wardha and passed a Revolution was the last great struggle of the Indian
resolution that demanded immediate end of British rule Independence Movement, which shook the foundation
in India. This is called “Quit India Resolution”. It was of British rule. But the Muslim League had condemned
ratified in the All India Congress Committee at Bombay the movement under the leadership of Congress. Jinnah
on August 8, 1942. The August Movement placed the had worked as staunch ally of the British Government
demand for independence on the immediate agenda of and asked the Muslims to stay away from Congress’s
national movement. In this struggle, peasants, women Movement of 1942. He said that “If the British leave
and common people displayed unparalleled heroism. India, the lawlessness will capture India. It brought
That’s why Lord Linlithgow described the Quit India Muslims closer to the British.
Movement or August Movement as the most serious 26. Given below are two statements-
revolt after the sepoy mutiny. Assertion (A): Quit India Movement succeeded in
24. Assertion (A): The Quit India Movement marked awakening and encouraging people.
the culmination of Indian National Movement.
Reason (R): People have assimilated the slogan of
Reason (R): After the Quit India Movement it
‘Do or Die’.
was a need of time to find a suitable mechanism
In above context which of the following is right?
for transfer of power.
Select the correct answer from the code given (a) Both (A) and (R) are individually true and (R) is
below: the correct explanation of (A)
Code: (b) Both (A) and R are individually true but (R) is
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct not the correct explanation of (A)
explanation of A (c) (A) is true but (R) is false
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct (d) (A) is false but (R) is true
explanation of A UP UDA/LDA (Pre) G.S. 2003
History of Modern India 230 YCT
Ans. (a) The Quit India Movement or August Ans-(c) Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), Hindu
Movement commenced with the adoption of a Mahasabha, Communist Party of India and the Muslim
resolution by the All India Congress Committee on League got themselves separated from the Quit India
August 8, 1942 at the Gwalia Tank Maidan (Bombay), Movement of 1942. RSS did not take part in any
asking the British government to withdraw from India, national movement from 1940 to 1947. Thus, Assertion
also to ensure the material and cultural development of (A) is true but the Reason (R) is false.
Indians as a free people and also to ensure their 30. Consider the following statements:
participation in the struggle against fascism. On the The Cripps Proposals included the provision for
refusal of the British authorities to ‘Quit India’, so as to 1. Full independence for India
2. Creation of Constitution making body.
speak, Mahatma Gandhi invited his countrymen to ‘Do
Which of the statements given above is are
or Die’ in a bid to liberate themselves from the alien
correct?
yoke. Gandhi’s speech also contained specific (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
instructions for different sections of the people. What (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
followed the Mahatma’s call for Action was a massive IAS (Pre) G.S. 2009
uprising, in the course of which British rule collapsed Ans-(b) The Cripps Mission was sent by the British
over large parts of the country, especially in the Ganga government to India in March 1942 to obtain Indian
valley. The movement succeeded in awakening and cooperation for the British war efforts in the Second
encouraging people. World War. It was headed by Sir Richard Stafford
27. 'Do or Die' slogan was given in which one of the Cripps, a Labour Minister in Winston Churchill’s
coalition government in Britain. The proposals of
following Movement?
Cripps Mission were as follows-
(a) Non Co-operation Movement (i) Setting up of an Indian dominion. This dominion
(b) Swadeshi Movement would have the freedom to remain with the
(c) Quit-India Movement British Commonwealth or to secede from it. It
(d) Civil Disobedience Movement would also be at liberty to take part in
international organizations.
UPPSC ACF-RFO Mains I Paper 2019
(ii) A Constituent Assembly would be formed to
Ans. (c) : Kindly refer explanation of the above frame a new constitution for the country. This
question. Assembly would have members elected by the
28. ‘Do or Die’ call was given by Gandhiji during- provincial assemblies and also nominated by the
(a) Quit India Movement princes.
(b) Civil Disobedience Movement (iii) Any province unwilling to join the Indian
dominion could form a separate union and have a
(c) Non-Cooperation Movement separate constitution.
(d) Khilafat Movement (iv) The transfer of power and the rights of minorities
UP Lower (Mains) G.S. 2015 would be safeguarded by negotiations between
Ans-(a) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. the Constituent Assembly and the British
government.
29. Two statements are given below the one is (v) In the meantime until this new constitution came
Assertion (A) and other is the Reason (R), read into force, India's defence would be controlled by
them carefully- the British and the powers of the Governor-
Assertion (A): Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh General would remain unaltered.
(RSS) was separated from Quit India Movement,
31. Which of the following is not true about the
1942.
Cripps Mission?
Reason (R): It thought that the freedom of India
will be delayed due to this movement. (a) Dominion status at the end of the war.
Which one of the following is correct in context to (b) Acceptance of the constitution framed by
the above statements? Constituent Assembly.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are individually true and (R) is (c) The formation of new executive council with
the correct explanation of (A) equal representation for both Hindu and
(b) Both (A) and R are individually true but (R) is Muslims.
not the correct explanation of (A) (d) Any province could remain outside the Indian
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false Union.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2005
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1995 Ans-(c) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
History of Modern India 231 YCT
32. The plan of Sir Stafford Cripps envisaged that 1. asked the Government servants to resign.
after the Second World War- 2. asked the soldiers to leave their posts.
(a) India should be granted complete independence 3. asked the Princes of the Princely States to
(b) India should be partitioned into two before accept the sovereignty of their own people.
granting independence Which of the following statements given above
(c) India should be made a republic with the is/are correct?
condition that she will join the Commonwealth (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
(d) India should be given Dominion status (c) 3 only (d) 1,2 and 3
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2016 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005
Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. Ans-(c) On the eve of August 8, 1942 Gandhi gave a
33. An important aspect of the Cripps Mission of clarion call to the nation. He said, "Here is a mantra, a
1942 was: short one that I give you. You may imprint it on
(a) that all Indian States should join the Indian your hearts and let every breath of yours give
Union as a condition to consider any degree of expression to it. The mantra is: 'Karo ya Maro', ‘Do or
autonomy for India Die.” Gandhi’s instructions to various sections of the
(b) the creation of an Indian Union with Dominion public:
status very soon after the Second World War (i) Government servants: do not resign your job but
(c) the Active participation and cooperation of the proclaim loyalty to the INC.
Indian people, communities and political parties (ii) Soldiers: be with the army but refrain from firing
in the British war effort as a condition for on compatriots.
granting independence with full sovereign status (iii) Peasants: pay the agreed upon rent if the
to India after war. landlords/zamindars are anti-government; if they
(d) The framing of a constitution for the entire are pro-government, do not pay the rent.
Indian Union, with no separate constitution for (iv) Students: can leave studies if they are confident
any province, and a Union Constitution to be enough.
accepted by all provinces (v) Princes: support the people and accept
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003 sovereignty of them.
Ans-(b) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. (vi) People of the princely states: support the ruler
34. Sir Stafford Cripps came to India with a draft only if he is anti-government; declared
declaration proposal of British Government themselves as part of the Indian nation.
included that- 36. Given below is a list of places. Name those where
1. India should be given a dominion status. parallel governments were established during
2. All provinces and states must be merged to ‘Quit India Movement’.
make Indian Union. Select your answer from the code given below the
3. Any province or the state can take the list:
decision to live outside of the Indian Union. 1. Ballia 2. Satara
4. Indian Constitution must be constituted by 3. Hazaribagh 4. Meerut
the people of India. 5. Agra
Choose the correct answer from the codes given Select your answer from the code given below the
below- list:
Code: (a) 1 and 2 (b) 1,2 and 3
(a) 1,2 and 3 (b) 1,2 and 4 (c) 2,3 and 5 (d) 1,3 and 4
(c) 2,3 and 4 (d) All of the above UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2002
UP Lower (Pre) 1994 Ans-(a) During Quit India Movement, parallel
Ans-(*) It was not mentioned in the draft declaration of governments were formed at several places such as :
Cripps Mission that all provinces and state must be Ballia (in August, 1942) founded by Chittu Pandey was
merged to make Indian Union. It was proposed to create the first parallel government, Tamluk in Midnapur,
an Indian Union on which any province or the state can West Bengal (August, 1942 to September, 1944)
remain outside the union. Rest of the statements are founded by Satish Samant, Satara (1943-1945 in
correct. Maharashtra) – founded by Y.B. Chauhan and Nana
35. Consider the following statements: Patil, it was the longest running parallel government
On the eve of the launch of Quit India Movement, and a parallel government was formed for a short span
Mahatma Gandhi of time in Talcher (Orissa).
History of Modern India 232 YCT
37. In which of the following district of Uttar 41. In which of the following years the Jatiya Sarkar
Pradesh, Parallel government was established was formed in the Midnapur district of Bengal?
during Quit India Movement? (a) 1939 (b) 1940
(a) Jaunpur (b) Azamgarh (c) 1941 (d) 1942
(c) Ballia (d) Ghazipur UPPCS (Pre) G.S. Ist 2017
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013 Ans-(d) By the end of 1942, about 60,000 people had
Ans-(c) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. been jailed and hundreds killed. Among the killed were
38. In which of the following district of Uttar many young children and old women. In Tamluk,
Pradesh Parallel Government was established Bengal a 73-year old Matangini Hazra, in Gohpur
during Quit India Movement? Assam 13-year old Kanaklata Barua, in Patna Bihar
(a) Allahabad (b) Lucknow seven young students and hundreds of others were shot
(c) Ballia (d) Faizabad dead while taking part in processions. Some parts of the
UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2013 country such as Balia in U.P., Tamluk in Bengal, Satara
Ans-(c) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. in Maharashtra, Dharwar in Karnataka and Balasore and
39. Quit India Movement was re-action of- Talcher in Orissa, were freed from the British rule and
1. The disappointment of Indians against the people there formed their own governments. In
Cripps Mission. August, 1942 Satish Samant formed a parallel
2. The threat of Japanese attack on India. government in Tamluk in Midnapur, West Bengal, this
3. To provoke countrymen to adopt violent parallel government also known as Jatiya Sarkar. This
means by Gandhiji’s articles. Parallel Government had worked from August, 1942 to
4. Due to passing of the proposal of August, September, 1944.
1942 by AICC. 42. Which one of the following statements about
Choose the answer using the given options- Cripps Mission is NOT correct?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1,2 and 4 (a) In March 1942, Cripps persuaded War
(c) 2,3 and 4 (d) All of the above Cabinet to agree to a draft declaration.
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2003 (b) Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Patel
Ans-(b) The failure of the Cripps Mission and the fear represented Congress to negotiate with the
of an impending Japanese invasion of India led mission.
Mahatma Gandhi to begin his campaign for the British
to quit India. Mahatma Gandhi believed that an interim (c) The mission offered Dominion status after
government could be formed only after the British left the war.
India and the Hindu-Muslim problem sorted out. The (d) The mission offered formation of constitution
All India Congress Committee met at Bombay on making body after the war.
August 8, 1942 and passed the famous Quit India UPSC CAPF Exam Ist 2017
Resolution. On the same day, Gandhi gave his call of Ans-(b) The Cripps Mission was sent by the British
‘Do or Die’. On 8th and 9th August 1942, the government to India in March 1942, to obtain Indian
government arrested all the prominent leaders of the cooperation for the British war efforts in the 2nd World
Congress. For once, this pre-planned action of the War. It was headed by Sir Richard Stafford Cripps, a
government left the Indian people without leadership. Labour Minister in Winston Churchill’s coalition
Mahatma Gandhi was kept in prison at Poona. Pandit
government in Britain. Pandit Nehru and Maulana Azad
Jawaharlal Nehru, Abul Kalam Azad and other leaders
were official Congress negotiators with Cripps Mission.
were imprisoned in the Ahmednagar Fort.
The Cripps Mission was an attempt in late March 1942,
40. Which area was affected with the communal riots
by the British Government to secure Indian cooperation
due to Quit India Movement?
and support for their efforts in World War II. The
1. Bihar 2. Bengal
Cripps Mission offered dominion status to India and
3. Gujarat 4. United Province
formation of constitution making body after the war.
Select your answer from the following code-
43. Who among the following were official Congress
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 only
negotiators with Cripps Mission?
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 4
(a) Mahatma Gandhi and Sardar Patel
BPSC (Pre) 1996
(b) Acharya J. B. Kripalani and C. Rajagopalachari
Ans-(d) The riots generated due to Quit India
(c) Pandit Nehru and Maulana Azad
Movement, 1942 in the absence of Mahatma Gandhi
was widely spread in Bihar and United Province. Chittu (d) Dr. Rajendra Prasad and Rafi Ahmed Kidwai
Pandey had formed a parallel government in Ballia in IAS (Pre) G.S. 2010
August, 1942. Ans-(c) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
History of Modern India 233 YCT
44. Who viewed the Cripps proposal as a “post dated Ans. (b) The Congress Working Committee (CWC) met
cheque upon a crashing bank”? at Wardha on July 14, 1942 and passed the ‘Quit India’
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Jawaharlal Nehru Resolution.
(c) J. B. Kriplani (d) Jai Prakash Narayan 50. The ‘Quit India’ Movement started in-
BPSC (Pre) 2000-01 (a) 1947 (b) 1942
Ans-(a) The Cripps Mission was sent by the British (c) 1935 (d) 1929
government to India in March 1942 to obtain Indian MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2000
cooperation for the British war efforts in the 2nd World Ans-(b) The Quit India movement was launched on 8
War. The Cripps Mission announced a draft proposal August 1942 in Gwaliya Tank ground in Bombay.
but the Indian National Congress rejected the proposal. Gandhi was named the movement’s leader. It was
Mahatma Gandhi called the proposal as “The post dated officially launched by the Indian National Congress
(INC) led by Mahatma Gandhi on 9 August 1942. The
cheque upon a crashing bank.”
movement gave the slogans ‘Quit India’ or ‘Bharat
45. Which of the following had supported the ‘Quit Chhodo’. Gandhi gave the slogan to the people – ‘Do or
India Resolution’ of 1942? Die’. The resolution stated the provisions of the
(a) A. K. Azad movement as:
(b) Rajendra Prasad (i) Immediate end to British rule over India.
(c) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (ii) Declaration of the commitment of free India to
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru defend itself against all kinds of imperialism and
UP Lower (Pre) 2009 fascism.
Ans-(c) The Quit India Resolution was presented by (iii) Formation of a provisional government of India
Jawaharlal Nehru on August 8, 1942 in the meeting of after British withdrawal.
All India Congress Committee and was supported by (iv) Sanctioning a Civil Disobedience Movement
against British rule.
Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel. It is worth notable that the
draft of ‘Quit India Resolution’ was prepared by 51. Where did the Congress launch the Quit India
Mahatma Gandhi in April, 1942. Movement on August 8, 1942?
(a) Bombay (b) Madras
46. By whom the Quit India Resolution was moved in
(c) Calcutta (d) Poona
the Bombay Session of the Congress in the year
UP Lower (Pre) 2015
1942?
Ans-(a) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru (b) Narendra Dev
52. In which ground of Bombay the proposal for
(c) Rajendra Prasad (d) J. B. Kriplani
Quit India was passed?
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2013 (a) Marine drive ground
Ans-(a) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. (b) Kala Ghoda ground
47. The All India Congress Committee passed ‘Quit (c) Chamboor ground
India’ Resolution in- (d) Gwaliya tank
(a) 1970 (b) 1917 (e) None of the above
(c) 1930 (d) 1942 Chhattisgarh PCS (Pre) 2016
BPSC (Pre) 1997-98 Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. 52. The Quit India Movement started in-
48. The draft of the ‘Quit India Resolution’ was (a) July, 1942 (b) August, 1942
prepared by- (c) September, 1942 (d) October, 1942
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993
(b) Mahatma Gandhi MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1993, 1996
(c) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2006
(d) Sarojini Naidu BPSC (Pre) 2000-01, 2007-08
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2002-03 Ans-(b) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
Ans-(b) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. 53. Why is the year 1942 important?
49. Where did the Congress Working Committee (a) Salt Satyagraha
meet to pass the ‘Quit India’ Resolution of 14th (b) Non-Cooperation Movement
July, 1942? (c) Quit India Movement
(a) Bombay (b) Wardha (d) Independence of India
(c) Lucknow (d) Tripura MPPSC (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2003
RAS/RTS (Pre) 2009 Ans-(c) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
History of Modern India 234 YCT
54. The statement, "We shall either free India or die Ans-(a) Mahatma Gandhi said “Freedom is almost
in the attempt" is associated with- within reach, we have to seize it” during Quit India
(a) Non-Cooperation Movement Movement of 1942. It is worth notable that he also gave
(b) Civil Disobedience Movement the slogan of ‘Do or Die’ during Quit India Movement.
(c) Individual Satyagraha 59. At the time when Indian National Congress
passed the ‘Quit India’ Resolution, its President
(d) Quit India Movement
was-
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. Ist 2008
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2009 (b) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Ans-(d) The statement “We shall either free India or die (c) Sardar Patel
in the attempt” is associated with Quit India Movement. (d) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
The resolution of Quit India Movement was passed with
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996
certain amendments on August 8, 1942. Gandhi said “I
am not going to be satisfied with anything short of Ans-(b) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was the President
complete freedom. May be, the British Government will of Indian National Congress when it passed the Quit
propose the abolition of salt tax, the drink evil etc. but I India Resolution. He served the post of President of
will say, nothing less than freedom. Here is a mantra Indian National Congress for consecutive six years from
that I give you. You may imprint it on your hearts and 1940 to 1945 as no session of Indian National Congress
let every breath of yours give expression to it. The was held between 1941 to 1945.
mantra is ‘Do or Die.’ We shall either free India or die 60. Who was the President of the Indian National
in the attempt.” Congress when it passed the ‘Quit India’
55. With which of the following movements is the Resolution?
slogan ‘Do or Die’ associated? (a) Jawaharlal Nehru (b) Abul Kalam Azad
(a) Swadeshi Movement (c) Rajendra Prasad (d) J.B. Kriplani
UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Pre) 2006
(b) Non-Cooperation Movement
Ans-(b) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
(c) Civil Disobedience Movement
61. Who coined the slogan ‘Quit India’?
(d) Quit India Movement
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2009
(c) Yusuf Meher Ali (d) Aruna Asaf Ali
BPSC (Pre) 2011
MPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2018
Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. Ans-(c) The iconic 'Quit India' slogan was coined by
56. Who gave the mantra of ‘Do or Die’? socialist Congress leader and the then mayor of
(a) B.C. Roy Bombay, Yusuf Meher Ali, who is believed to have
(b) J.C. Bose proposed the phrase to Mahatma Gandhi during a
(c) C.V. Raman meeting in 1942. The Quit India Movement was
(d) Mahatma Gandhi launched by the Congress under Mahatma Gandhi in
August, 1942 demanding an end to the British Rule in
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991
India.
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002
62. Where was Mahatma Gandhi arrested in
Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. connection with Quit India Movement?
57. The slogan ‘Do or Die’ is associated with- (a) Bombay (b) Madras
(a) Lala Lajpat Rai (c) Calcutta (d) New Delhi
(b) Mahatma Gandhi UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak Ans-(a) Mahatma Gandhi and other prominent leaders
(d) Subhas Chandra Bose of the Indian National Congress were arrested in
BPSC (Pre) 1996 Bombay after the Quit India Movement was launched
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2004-05 on August 9, 1942. Gandhi along with Sarojini Naidu
Ans-(b) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. was kept in Agha Khan Palace, Poona (Pune). Dr.
Rajendra Prasad was not present at Bombay thus he
58. Who said, "Freedom is almost within reach, we
was arrested in Patna under Bharat Security Rules and
have to seize it"?
put in custody till June 15, 1945 and was sent to
(a) Mahatma Gandhi Bankipur Jail, Patna. Other members of Congress
(b) Subhas Chandra Bose Working Committee (CWC) such as Jawaharlal Nehru,
(c) Jawahar Lai Nehru Abul Kalam Azad, Dr. Saiyyed Mahmood, Govind
(d) Shaukat Ali Ballabh Pant, Dr. Pattabhi Sitaramaiyya, Acharya
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2002, 2004 Kriplani were kept in Ahmednagar Fort.

History of Modern India 235 YCT

63. Dr. Rajendra Prasad was arrested on 9th August, (c) It was a spontaneous movement.
1942 and was sent to- (d) It did not attract the labour class in general.
(a) Bankipore Jail (b) Hazaribagh Jail IAS (Pre) G.S. 2011
(c) Camp Jail (d) Bhagalpur Jail Ans-(*) The Quit India Movement of 1942 was not so
BPSC (Pre) 2007-08, 1999 non-violent movement as after the arrest of Mahatma
Ans-(a) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. Gandhi around 250 railway stations were either
64. After passing the Quit India Resolution, Gandhiji damaged or destroyed by the revolutionaries, more than
was arrested in- 150 police stations and 500 post offices were attacked.
(a) Yervada Jail (b) Naini Jail The British Government had used heavy violence to
(c) Ahmednagar Fort (d) Aga Khan Palace suppress this movement. The arrest of Congress leaders
made this movement more aggressive. Even Mahatma
BPSC (Pre) 1996
Gandhi himself refused to condemn the violence in
Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
1942. He said “it was an answer to the huge violence of
65. Who of the following Prime Ministers sent the rulers.” Thus the correct answer should be option (a)
Cripps Mission to India? but the Union Public Service Commission had
(a) James Ramsay MacDonald considered option (b) as the correct answer.
(b) Stanley Baldwin 69. After Quit India Movement, C. Rajagopalachari
(c) Neville Chamberlin issued a pamphlet entitled “The Way Out”. Which
(d) Winston Churchill one of the following was a proposal in this pamphlet?
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2009 (a) The establishment of a "War Advisory Council"
Ans-(d) The Cripps Mission was sent by the British composed of representatives of British India and
government to India in March 1942 to obtain Indian the Indian States.
cooperation for the British war efforts in the Second (b) Reconstitution of the Central Executive Council
World War. It was headed by Sir Richard Stafford in such a way that all its members, except the
Cripps, a Labour Minister in Winston Churchill’s Governor General and the Commander-in-
coalition government in Britain. Chief should be Indian leaders.
66. Who was the Prime Minister of England during (c) Fresh elections to the Central and Provincial
Quit India Movement? Legislatures to be held at the end of 1945 and
(a) Chamberlin (b) Churchill the Constitution making body to be convened as
(c) Clement Atlee (d) MacDonald soon as possible.
BPSC (Pre) 2004-05 (d) A solution for the constitutional deadlock.
Ans-(b) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. IAS (Pre) G.S. 2010
67. Quit India Movement was launched in response to- Ans-(d) “The Way Out” was a pamphlet issued by C.
(a) Cabinet Mission Plan (b) Cripps Mission Rajagopalachari in 1944 to solve political deadlock
(c) Simon Commission Report (d) Wavell Plan between Indian National Congress and Muslim League.
It is also known as C.R. Formula or C.
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2013
Rajagopalachari’s Formula of 1944. The core principle
Ans-(b) The Quit India Movement was launched in of the C. R. Formula was a proposal for the Congress to
response to the failure of August Proposal (1940) and offer the League the Muslim Pakistan based on
Cripps Mission (1942). On 14th July 1942, the Congress plebiscite of all the peoples in the regions where
Working Committee at Wardha had passed a resolution Muslims had a majority. The main features were:
demanding complete independence from the British
(i) The Muslim league was to endorse the demand
government. After the rejection the Quit India
for independence for the traditional period, i.e.
Resolution was confirmed by Congress Working
Committee in a meeting held at Gwaliya Tank ground, Muslim league would support the congress’s
Bombay on August 8, 1942. Soon after the Quit India demand for complete freedom and then majority
Movement started, the British Government arrested the provinces would go to plebiscite especially north
prominent leaders of the Congress under operation eastern provinces.
‘Zero Hour.’ Advocate General of Bihar Baldev Sahai (ii) At the end of war a commission would demarcate
resigned from his post in protest of the arrest of those contiguous areas in North West Frontier
members of Congress Working Committee. Province and North-East India where Muslims
68. Which one of the following observation is not were in majority.
true about the Quit India Movement of 1942? (iii) The terms would be binding only in case of
(a) It was a non-violent movement. transfer by Britain of full power and
(b) It was led by Mahatma Gandhi. responsibility for full governance of India.

History of Modern India 236 YCT

(iv) The Muslim league endorsing the congress demand Ans-(a) The American Journalist, Louis Fischer was
for full independence and cooperating with it in with Mahatma Gandhi during Quit India Movement.
forming an interim government in the transition Louis Fischer came to India in May 1942. He was in
period. India for two months. The world war was in full swing.
70. Who among the following leaders escaped from In the scorching heat of June he spent one week with
the prison and organized underground activities Gandhi in his Ashram. Gandhi used to spent time an
during the 'Quit India Movement'?
hour daily with him. He could also talk with Gandhi
(a) J.B. Kriplani
during other activities such as eating, walking, etc.
(b) Ram Manohar Lohia
Fischer wrote a book "Seven Days with the Mahatma".
(c) Achyut Patwardhan
In this famous book he has described the Ashram life
(d) Jai Prakash Narayan
and Gandhi's likes and dislikes in a very touching way.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2011
He wrote that he never felt afraid in Gandhi's presence. His
Ans-(d) Jai Prakash Narayan was put under arrest
association with Gandhi was warm, healthy, full of joy and
during Quit India Movement and was kept in
Hazaribagh Central Jail. It was on November 8, 1942 cordial. He found Gandhi a cultured, able and always
(Diwali night) Jai Prakash Narayan scaled the prison refreshing and sweet person. Louis Fisher has described
walls of Hazaribagh Jail on the shoulders of Suraj the wonders of Gandhi's personality in the book.
Narayan and organized underground Activities. Later he 75. Louis Fischer, the biographer of Mahatma
founded ‘Azad Dasta.’ Gandhi was associated with the movement of:
71. Jai Prakash Narayan was associated with- (a) Civil Disobedience Movement
(a) Champaran Movement (b) Individual Satyagraha
(b) Non-Cooperation Movement (c) Non-Cooperation Movement
(c) Individual Satyagraha Movement
(d) Quit India Movement
(d) Quit India Movement
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010
BPSC (Pre) 2000-01
Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
72. Jai Prakash Narayan got the fame as national 76. In which of the following movements women’s
leader during- participation is considered to be the highest?
(a) Quit India Movement (a) Non-Cooperation Movement
(b) Formation of Congress Socialist Party (b) Salt Satyagraha
(c) Bhoodan Movement (c) Bardoli March
(d) He was made member of Congress Working (d) Quit India Movement
Committee
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2016
BPSC (Pre) 1996
Ans-(d) The participation of women in Quit India
Ans-(a) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
Movement is considered to be the highest. Women such
73. "There is going to be a revolution here (in India)
as Usha Mehta, Subhasini Ali, Aruna Asaf Ali etc.
and we must get out quick", who said it?
played Active role in Quit India Movement.
(a) Sir Stafford Cripps
(b) Lord Pethick Lawrence 77. Which of the following parties did not support
(c) Lord Wavell Quit India Movement?
(d) A.V. Alexander (a) The Hindu Mahasabha
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2007 (b) The Communist Party of India
Ans-(a) The statement “There is going to be a (c) The Unionist Party of Punjab
revolution here (in India) and we must get out quick” (d) All of the above
was made by Sir Stafford Cripps. He was a member of UP Lower (Pre) 2004
Cabinet Mission of 1946 and head of Cripps Mission Ans-(d) The Hindu Mahasabha, Communist Party of
which came to India in 1942. India and Unionist Party of Punjab along with Muslim
League did not support the Quit India Movement.
74. The name of American journalist who was with
Mahatma Gandhi during ‘Quit India 78. Who led the Quit India Movement?
Movement’___. (a) B.R. Ambedkar
(a) Louis Fischer (b) William L. Shiver (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Web Miller (d) Negley Farson (c) Mahatma Gandhi
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001 (d) None of the above
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2002 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002
History of Modern India 237 YCT
 Ans. (d) On August 8, 1942 at the All-India Congress Which of the statements given above is/are
Committee session in Bombay, Mohandas Karamchand correct?
Gandhi launched the 'Quit India' movement. The next (a) 1 only
day Gandhi, Nehru and many other leaders of the Indian (b) 2 only
National Congress were arrested by the British (c) Both 1 and 2
Government. Hence it is clear that people themselves
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
led the movement.
UPSC 2022 (Pre)
79. On 6th July, 1942 at the Working Committee of
the Congress, Mahatma Gandhi discussed for the Ans. (b): In March 1942, a mission headed by Stafford
first time his ‘Quit India Policy.’ The President of Cripps was sent to India with constitutional proposals to
the committee was- seek Indian support for the war.
(a) Rajagopalachari (b) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad The main proposals of the Cripps mission were as
(c) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru (d) Dr. Annie Besant follows: An Indian Union with a dominion status would
BPSC (Pre) 1999 be set up; it would be free to decide its relations with
Ans-(b) The meeting of Congress Working Committee the Commonwealth and free to participate in the United
was held at Wardha on July 14, 1942 in which Maulana Nations and other international bodies.
Abul Kalam Azad, Sarojini Naidu, Jawaharlal Nehru. After the end of the war, a constituent assembly would
Vallabh Bhai Patel, Sitaramaiyya, G.B. Pant, Dr. be convened to frame a new constitution. Members of
Rajendra Prasad, J.B. Kriplani, Mahatma Gandhi etc. this assembly would be partly elected by the provincial
took part and passed the Quit India Resolution. The assemblies through proportional representation and
meeting was chaired by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad the partly nominated by the princes. (Hence, Statement 1 is
then President of Indian National Congress. incorrect).
80. Which of the following statement is not true The British government would accept the new
about Quit India Movement? constitution subject to two conditions: (i) any province
(a) It is also known as August Revolution. not willing to join the Union could have a separate
(b) Aruna Asaf Ali had played an extraordinary role constitution and form a separate Union, and (ii) the new
in this movement. constitution- making body and the British government
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru was kept in Ahmednagar fort would negotiate a treaty to effect the transfer of power
jail during this movement. and to safeguard interests of racial and religious
(d) Annie Besant played an admirable role in this minorities. (Hence, Statement (2) is correct).
movement. In the meantime, defence of India would remain in
UPSC Food Safety Inspector Exam 2013 British hands and the governor-general’s powers would
Ans-(d) The Quit India Movement also known as remain intact.
August Revolution started in August 9, 1942 and the
82. Consider the following statement "India would
same day prominent leaders like Mahatma Gandhi,
Jawaharlal Nehru, Rajendra Prasad etc. were arrested be far more reliable as a base for operations.
under operation ‘Zero Hour.’ Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Moreover the prospect of a settlement will be
Abul Kalam Azad, and other leaders were imprisoned in greatly enhanced by the disappearance of
the Ahmednagar Fort. Aruna Asaf Ali was a major Gandhi, who had for years torpedoed every
woman organizer of underground activities during Quit attempt at a settlement."
India Movement. She is broadly remembered for The above statement was made by the British in
hoisting the Indian National Congress flag at the Gwaliya the context of:
Tank Maidan in Mumbai during the Quit India Movement
(a) Kheda Satyagraha
in 1942. Annie Besant did not participate in Quit India
Movement as she died on September 20, 1933. (b) Civil Disobedience Movement
81. With reference to the proposals of Cripps (c) Quit India Movement
Mission, consider the following statements: (d) Non-Cooperation Movement
1. The Constituent Assembly would have UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2012
members nominated by the Provincial Ans-(c) The statement "India would be far more reliable
Assemblies as well as the Princely States. as a base for operations. Moreover the prospect of a
2. Any Province, which is not prepared to settlement will be greatly enhanced by the
accept the new Constitution would have the disappearance of Gandhi, who had for years torpedoed
right to sign a separate agreement with every attempt at a settlement" was made by the British
Britain regarding its future status. in the context of Quit India Movement.
History of Modern India 238 YCT

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39.
Azad Hind Fauj
(Indian National Army)
1. Azad Hind Fauz was formed in which of the Ans. (d): The Indian National Army (INA) was an
following country? armed force formed by Indian Nationalists in 1942,
(a) India (b) Singapore through the Patronage of the Imperial Japanese Army.
(c) Japan (d) Germany • The first INA was formed under Mohan Singh, a
former officer of the British Indian Army captured
UK PSC (Pre) 2024 during the Malaya campaign.
Ans.(b): Azad Hind Fauz was founded by Captain 5. In the context of Colonial India, Shah Nawaz
Mohan Singh in Singapore in 1942. Khan, Prem Kumar Sehgal and Gurbaksh
2. What was the name of the female Regiment Singh Dhillon are remembered as
constituted as a part of the Azad Hind Fauj by (a) leaders of Swadeshi and Boycott Movement
Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose?
(b) members of the Interim Government in 1946
(a) Bharat Mata Regiment
(c) members of the Drafting Committee in the
(b) Rani Jhansi Regiment Constituent Assembly
(c) Rani Bhabani Regiment (d) officers of the Indian National Army
(d) Veerangana Regiment UPSC (IAS) 2021
UPPCS (Pre) 2023 Ans. (d): In the context of Colonial India, Shah Nawaz
Ans. (b) : The Rani of Jhansi Regiment was the Khan, Prem Kumar Sehgal and Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon
women's Regiment of the Indian National Army, with were the officers of the Indian National Army.
the aim of overthrowing the British Raj in colonial Hence, Option (d) is the correct answer.
India. It was one of the all female combat regiments of
the second world war, led by Lakshmi Sehgal. The unit 6. Government of Independent India formed by
was raised in July 1943 with volunteers from the Subash Chandra Bose in 1943 A.D. was
expatriate Indian population in South East Asia. The recognised by which of the following countries?
Unit was named the Rani of Jhansi Regiment after (i) Japan (ii) Ireland
Lakshmibai, Rani of Jhansi.
(iii) Korea (iv) Italy
3. From where did Subhas Chandra Bose
announce his famous call 'Delhi Chalo'? (a) 1 and 4 only
(a) Singapore (b) Calcutta (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) Berlin (d) Tokyo (c) 1, 2 and 3 only
Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Neta Subhas Chandra Bose gave his famous
Ans. (a) : Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I
slogan 'Delhi Chalo' from Singapore. Ans. (d): On 21 October 1943, the Provisional
4. The idea of the Indian National Army (INA) Government of free India was established as a
was first conceived in Malaya by- government-in-exile in Singapore by Indians in exile
headed by Subhas Chandra Bose. It was called
(a) Lala Lajpat Rai
Provisional Government of Azad Hind (Free India), and
(b) Subhas Chandra Bose it meant to take sides with the Axis Powers (including
(c) Bhagat Singh Nazi Germany, Italy and Japan) in order to free India
from British rule (who were part of the Allied Forces
(d) Mohan Singh during World War-II). The Government was recognized
Mizoram PSC-2021 by Japan, Ireland, Korea and Italy.

History of Modern India 239 YCT

7. Who amongst the following was not included in 11. The Indian National Army (INA) came into
the I.N.A trial held in the Red Fort, Delhi in existence in 1943 in-
1945-46?
(a) Japan (b) Burma
(a) G. S. Dhillon (b) Prem Sahgal
(c) Singapore (d) Malaya
(c) Mohan Singh (d) Shah Nawaz khan
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2000
OPSC Pre-2020
BPSC (Pre) 2001
Ans. (c): The Indian National Army trials are also
known as the Red Fort trials. Ans-(c) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.

• P.K. Sehgal, GS Dhillon and Shah Nawaz Khan the 12. Where was Azad Hind Fauj formed?
first three INA officers became symbol of India (a) Italy (b) India
fighting for Independence.
(c) Japan (d) Singapore
• The INA trials began at Red Fort in November 1945.
BPSC (Pre) 2004, 2006
8. The trial of the Officers of the I.N.A. was held
in____. Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.

(a) Red Fort, Delhi (b) Gwalior Fort 13. Subhas Chandra Bose formed the first
government of free India here:
(c) Amer Fort, Jaipur (d) Agra Fort
(a) Burma (b) Japan
UPPCS (Pre) 2019
(c) Germany (d) Singapore
Ans. (a) After World War-II the British captured some
23,000 INA soldiers and charged them with treason. In BPSC (Pre) 2002
November, 1945 the INA trials began at the Red Fort. Ans-(d) Subhas Chandra Bose arrived in Singapore on
Shah Nawaz Khan, PK Sehgal and G.S. Dhillon, the first July 2, 1943 and on October 21, 1943 where he
three senior INA officers became symbols of India announced the establishment of Provincial Government
fighting for Independence. The Congress formed a
of free India. The same day Ras Bihari Bose resigned
Defence Committee composed of 17 advocates including
from the post of INA and President Subhas Chandra
Bhulabhai Desai.
Bose was declared Supreme Commander of Azad Hind
9. Subhas Chandra Bose set up his Azad Hind Fauj (INA). The head office of Indian National Army or
Fauz and Azad Hind Government in Azad Hind Fauj was situated in Rangoon. Germany and
(a) Burma (b) Japan Japan supported this provincial government.
(c) Malaya (d) Singapore 14. The head office of ‘Azad Hind Fauj’ was situated
at-
Mizoram PSC (CCE) Pre-2017
(a) Tokyo (b) Rangoon
Ans. (d): Azad Hind Fauz was established on 21
October 1943 in Singapore. The organization was (c) Berlin (d) Delhi
inspired by the concepts of Subhas Chandra Bose, the MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2013
founder of Azad Hind.
Ans-(b) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
The Indian National Army was first formed in 1942
under Mohan Singh to overthrow British Empire from 15. Subhas Chandra Bose established government of
India. free India at Singapore on-
10. I.N.A. was formed at- (a) 22 September, 1943 (b) 20 October, 1943
(a) Burma (b) Japan (c) 21 October, 1943 (d) 22 October, 1943
(c) Singapore (d) England UPPSC Asst. Forest Conservator Exam 2013
BPSC (Pre) 1999 Ans-(c) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
Ans-(c) The Azad Hind Fauj or Indian National Army 16. The declaration of formation of Government of
was formed by Subhas Chandra Bose in October, 1943 Free India was made on-
at Singapore. It is worth notable that the First Indian
(a) 26 January, 1930 (b) 8 August, 1942
National Army was formed with the aid of Japanese
under Mohan Singh that consisted approximately 12000 (c) 21 October, 1943 (d) 18 February, 1946
of the 40,000 Indian prisoners of war who were
BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
captured during Malaya campaign or surrendered at
Singapore. It existed from February to December, 1942. Ans-(c) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
History of Modern India 240 YCT
17. Subhas Chandra Bose made the declaration of 22. Who was the Commander of INA prior to Subhas
formation of Interim Government of free India Chandra Bose?
on-
(a) Giani Pritam Singh (b) Captain Mohan Singh
(a) 21 October, 1943 (b) 22 October, 1943
(c) Major Fujihara (d) Captain Surajmal
(c) 23 October, 1943 (d) 24 October, 1943
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2009
UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2013
Ans-(b) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
Ans-(a) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
23. Who suggested the idea of Indian National Army?
18. Who addressed Gandhiji as the ‘‘Father of the
Nation’’ for the first time? (a) Mohan Singh (b) Niranjan Singh Gill
(a) Subhas Chandra Bose (c) Shahnawaz (d) Subhas Chandra Bose
(b) Rabindranath Tagore UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1997
(c) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Ans-(a) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
(d) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru 24. Who was the brainchild of I.N.A. and who
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2008 founded it?

Ans-(a) The title of 'Father of the Nation' was given to (a) Subhas Chandra Bose (b) Captain Mohan Singh
the Mahatma Gandhi by Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, (c) Chandrashekhar (d) Bhagat Singh
who in his address on Singapore Radio of July 6, 1944
has addressed Mahatma Gandhi as 'Father of the BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1994
Nation'. Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11
19. Who called Mahatma Gandhi ‘Father of Nation’ Ans-(b) The Indian National Army was the brain child
first? of Giani Pritam Singh Dhillon, Major Fujihara and was
(a) Sarojini Naidu (b) Sardar Patel founded by Captain Mohan Singh in February-March,
1942.
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru (d) Subhas Chandra Bose
25. I.N.A. was brain child of-
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1993
1. Giani Pritam Singh 2. Mohan Singh
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1995, 1996
3. Subhas Chandra Bose 4. Major Iwaichi Fujiwara
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Mains) 2007
Select the correct answer using code given below-
Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
20. The commander of “Azad Hind Fauj”was-
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 1 and 4
(a) Mohan Singh
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001
(b) Pritam Singh
(c) Subhas Chandra Bose Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.

(d) Shahnavaz Khan 26. Who among the following advocates had
appeared for the INA trials at Delhi in 1945-
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2004-05 46?
Ans-(a) The idea of formation of Indian National Army (a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
first came in the mind of Captain Mohan Singh. The
(b) Bhulabhai Desai
first division of Indian National Army or Azad Hind
Fauj was formed in February, 1942 and Mohan Singh (c) K.M. Munshi
was the first Commander of INA. (d) Sardar Patel
21. In which year the Indian National Army (INA) (e) None of the above/More than one of the
founded? above
(a) 1939 (b) 1940 66th BPSC 2020(pre)
(c) 1942 (d) 1946
Ans. (b) : INA trials was the British Indian trial by
BPSC (Pre) 1999 court-martial of a number of officers of INA between
UP Lower (Pre) 2003-04 November 1945 & May 1946, on various charges of
treason, torture, murder & abetment to murder during
Ans-(c) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. second world war. The trial began at Red Fort.
History of Modern India 241 YCT
 SN Khan, PK Sehgal & GS Dhillon were three senior Ans-(a) The ‘Azad Hind Day’ was observed on
INA officers against whom the INA trial was initiated. November 12, 1945. While the soldiers of Indian
Bhulabhai Desai, Jawahar Lal Nehru , Tej Pratap Sapru National Army (INA) P.K. Sehgal, Shahnawaz and
were the advocates appointed by INC for the INA trial. Gurubaksh Singh Dhillon were prosecuted from
November 5, 1945 to November 11, 1945.
27. Who among the following officers of Azad Hind
Fauj did not face famous Red Fort Trials? 33. Which among the following persons was not
associated to Azad Hind Fauj?
(a) Gurudayal Singh (b) Prem Sehgal
(a) Major General Shahnawaz Khan
(c) Mohan Singh (d) Shah Nawaz
(b) Colonel Prem Kumar Sehgal
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2010
(c) Colonel Shaukat Ali Malik
Ans-(c) Mohan Singh, the officer of I.N.A. did not face
Red Fort trials of 1945. (d) Major Kartar Singh
UPPSC RO/ARO (Pre) 2017
28. Who among the following has pleaded on the side
of the Indian National Army officers in their Red Ans-(d) Major Kartar Singh was not associtated with
Fort trial? Azad Hind Fauj. He was India's First Military Dentist.
He is widely respected as the father of the Army Dental
(a) C. R. Dad (b) Motilal Nehru
Corps. He served with the 7 Indian Divisions in Burma
(c) M. A. Jinnah (d) Sir T. B. Sapru during World War II and on occupation duties in
Thailand thereafter. It is significant that, Subhas
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2010
Chandra Bose, Major General Shah Nawaz Khan,
Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. Colonel Prem Kumar Sehgal, Colonel Shaukat Ali
Malik, Major General Jagannath Rao Bhosle,
29. Who among the following had not advocated in
Mohammad Zaman Kiani and G.S. Dhillon were the
INA Red Fort Trial in 1945?
members of Azad Hind Fauz.
(a) Bhulabhai Desai
34. Who among the following established Rani
(b) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Laxmibai Regiment?
(c) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (a) Rash Bihari Bose (b) Vallabhbhai Patel
(d) Dr. Kailash Nath Katju (c) Lakshmi Swaminathan (d) Subhas Chandra Bose
UP Lower (Pre) 2004 UP Lower (Pre) 2015
Ans-(c) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. Ans-(d) Named after Rani Laxmibai of Jhansi, Rani
Laxmibai Regiment was a women’s regiment of Indian
30. Who among the following was advocate of National Army during Second World War. The
famous I.N.A. trial? regiment was established in 1942 under Subhas
(a) Subhas Chandra Bose (b) C. Rajagopalachari Chandra Bose along with other Indian nationalists to
overthrow the British rule out of India. The Indian
(c) Asaf Ali (d) Bhulabhai Desai
National Army (INA) had three other battalions
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2012 namely- Subhas Brigade, Nehru Brigade and Gandhi
Brigade.
Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
35. Who among the following called Subhas Chandra
31. Who among the following has pleaded on side of
Bose as ‘Desh Nayak’?
the Indian National Army officers in their Red
Fort trial? (a) Mahatma Gandhi
(a) C. R. Das (b) Motilal Nehru (b) Ram Manohar Lohia
(c) M. A. Jinnah (d) Sir T. B. Sapru (c) Rabindranath Tagore
UP UDA/LDA Spl. (M) 2010 (d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2013 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006
Ans-(d) Kindly refer explanation of the above question. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2009

32. The ‘Azad Hind Day’ was observed on- Ans-(c) Rabindranath Tagore bestowed Subhas
Chandra Bose with the title of ‘Desh Nayak’ or
(a) 12 November, 1945 (b) 11 November, 1945 ‘Nationalist Leader’ in 1938 after Subhas Chandra Bose
(c) 5 November, 1945 (d) 10 November, 1945 became the President of Indian National Congress. It is
worth notable that Mahatma Gandhi gave him the title
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013 of ‘Patriot of Patriots.’
History of Modern India 242 YCT
 36. Who among the following called Subhas Chandra 40. Which one of the following was NOT associated
Bose as ‘Desh Nayak’? with Indian National Army (I.N.A.)?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (a) Rashid Ali (b) Shahnawaz
(b) Rabindranath Tagore (c) P.K. Sehgal (d) B.C. Dutta
(c) Ram Manohar Lohia UPPSC RO/ARO (Re-exam) 2016

(d) Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel Ans. (d) : Kindly refer explanation of the above
question.
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2008
41. Which Indian revolutionary helped Subhas
Ans-(b) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
Chandra Bose in the establishment of Azad Hind
37. Who said “Tum Mujhe Khoon Do, Mai Tumhe Fauj?
Azadi Dunga”? (a) Batukeshwar Dutt (b) Ras Behari Bose
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Balgangadhar Tilak (c) Ram Prasad Bismil (d) Surya Sen
(c) Subhas Chandra Bose (d) Bhagat Singh UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2002
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2000 Ans-(b) Subhas Chandra Bose arrived in Singapore on
July 2, 1943 and on October 21, 1943 he announced the
Ans-(c) The famous statement “Tum Mujhe Khoon Do, establishment of Provincial Government of free India.
Mai Tumhe Azadi Dunga” (‘Give me blood, and I shall The same day Ras Behari Bose resigned from the
give you freedom’) was given by Subhas Chandra Bose President post of INA and Subhas Chandra Bose was
in Burma in 1944 to motivate the members of Indian declared Supreme Commander of Azad Hind Fauj.
National Army.
42. Who of the following had written, "India's
38. Who gave the slogan “Tum Muhje Khoon Do, Mai salvation will not be achieved under the
Tumhe Azadi Dunga”? leadership of Mahatma Gandhi"?
(a) Subhas Chandra Bose (a) M.A. Jinnah

(b) Bhagat Singh (b) Clement Richard Attlee

(c) Ras Behari Bose (c) Winston Churchill

(d) Subhas Chandra Bose
(d) Batukeshwar Dutt
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992
Ans-(d) The statement “India’s salvation will not be
Ans-(a) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
achieved under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi” was
39. Which soldier of Azad Hind Fauj was sentenced written by Subhas Chandra Bose.
to seven years imprisonment? 43. Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was born in the city
(a) Aruna Asaf Ali (b) Shahnawaz of-
(c) Rashid Ali (d) Ras Behari Bose (a) Cuttack (b) Calcutta

UPPCS Spl. (Pre) 2008 (c) Modnapore (d) Murshidabad

UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006
Ans-(c) After World War II, the British captured some
23, 000 INA soldiers and charged them with treason. In Ans-(a) Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was born on 23
November 1945, the INA trials began at the Red Fort. January, 1897 in Cuttack (Orissa) to Janakinath Bose
General Shahnawaz Khan, Colonel Prem Kumar Sehgal and Prabhavati Devi. Subhas was the ninth child among
and Colonel Gurubaksh Singh Dhillon were put to trial eight brothers and six sisters. His father, Janakinath
in Delhi for waging war against Brtitish empire. Rashid Bose, was an affluent and successful lawyer in Cuttack
and received the title of "Rai Bahadur". He later became
Ali was sentenced to seven year imprisonment while
a member of the Bengal Legislative Council. He passed
other prisoners faced death penalty or fine as
his B.A. in Philosophy from the Presidency College of
punishment. Bhulabhai Desai, T.B. Sapru, K.N. Katju, Calcutta and got selected in Indian Civil Services in
Jawaharlal Nehru and Asaf Ali appeared in the court in 1920. He became the President of Indian National
defence of the prisoners. Due to growing nationalist Congress in 1938 and 1939 respectively. He founded
sentiments and political pressure Lord Wavell was Forward Bloc in 1939 and fled away to Germany in
forced to commute the sentences of the defendants by 1942. He became the Supreme Commander of Indian
using privileged authority. National Army in 1943.
History of Modern India 243 YCT

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 40.
Wavell Plan and Shimla Conference
1. Assertion (A): According to the Wavell Plan, the 4. Consider the following statements:
number of Hindu and Muslim members in the 1. Lord Mountbatten was the Viceroy when
Executive Council were to be equal. Shimla Conference took Place.
Reason (R): Wavell thought that this 2. Indian Navy Revolt, 1946 took place when
arrangement would have avoided the partition of the Indian sailors in the Royal Indian Navy
India. at Bombay and Karachi rose against the
Code: Government.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the Which of the statements above is/are correct?
correct explanation of A (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
the correct explanation of A IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005
(c) A is True but R is false Ans-(b) In June, 1945 Lord Wavell invited a conference
(d) A is false but R is true of 21 Indian Political leaders at Shimla, the Summer
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2007 Capital of British India to discuss the provision of
Ans-(c) Lord Wavell who had succeeded Lord Wavell Plan. The Wavell Plan convened to agree for
Linlithgow as Governor-General in October, 1943, Indian self-government which incorporated separate
made a way out from the existing stalemate in India. He representation to Muslims and reduced majority powers
went to England for consultations in March 1945. He for both communities in their majority regions.
broadcast to the people of India the proposals of the Discussion was stuck at a point of selection of Muslim
British Government to resolve the deadlock in India on representatives. Jinnah said that no non-league Muslim
14th June which is called Wavell Plan. It is also known should be represented to the Executive Council because
as Breakdown Plan. The main aim of Wavell plan was only Muslim League has right to represent the Muslims
not to prevent the partition of India, but to avoid the of India whereas Congress said that they had no right to
problem for sometime. The provisions of the Wavell nominate any Muslim in the Executive council. Wavell
Plan were as follows- (i) Formation of a new Executive had given place to 6 Muslims in the Executive Council
Council at the centre in which all the members except of 14, and British had given it the power of Veto to any
the Viceroy and the Commander-in-Chief would be constitutional proposal which was not in its interest. But
Indian. (ii) All portfolios except Defence were to be Muslims represented only 25% of Indian Population.
under the control of Indian members. (iii) In the Thus, these unreasonable demands were rejected by
proposed Executive Council which was to have 14 Congress. The Muslim league did not relent and Wavell
members, the Muslims who constituted only about 25 % dropped the plan. The conference was attended by the
then President of Indian National Congress Maulana
of the total population were given the right to be over
Abul Kalam Azad, leader of Muslim League
represented by selecting 6 representatives.
Mohammad Ali Jinnah and other leaders of Nationalist
2. The Wavell Plan was presented in the year- Party, leaders of Schedule Tribes, Sikhs etc. Lord
(a) 1942 (b) 1943 Wavell was the Viceroy of India during this period.
(c) 1944 (d) 1945 The Indian Navy Revolt, 1946 took place when the
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2016 Indian sailors in the Royal Indian Navy at Bombay and
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Karachi rose against the Government. On February 18,
3. Of the following, the who represented the 1946, a section of non-commissioned officers and
Untouchables in the Shimla Conference, sailors known as Ratings, serving in the Royal Indian
convened by Lord Wavel in 1946? Navy, mutinied against the British Officers. The mutiny
(a) Jagjivan Ram (b) Jyotiba Phule started as a strike by the Ratings to protest against the
(c) Siva Raj (d) EV Ramaswamy Naicker hardships regarding pay, food and racial discrimination.
Himachal PSC (Pre) 2019 In the same night, a Naval Central Strike Committee
Ans. (c) : Siva Raj represented the untouchables in the was created by the Ratings. This committee was
Shimla Conference, convened by Lord Wavel in 1946.
presided over by Signalman M.S Khan and Vice
Jyotiba Phule established Satya Sodhak Samaj (Truth
Seeker’s Society) in 1873. Born in 1879, EV President was Petty Officer Telegraphist Madan Singh.
Ramaswamy Naicker also known as Periyar is The populace of India was already fascinated by the
remembered for the Self Respect Movement to redeem heroic tales of the Indian National Army. So, the strikes
the identity and self-respect of Tamils. Jagjivan Ram spread from Bombay to Calcutta, Madras and even
was a dalit leader from Congress party. Karachi.

History of Modern India 244 YCT

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41.
Cabinet Mission Plan, Constituent
Assembly and Constitution of
Interim Government
1. Who was the Provisional President of the Muslim league shared power at the centre. Jagjivan
Constitution Assembly before Dr. Rajendra Ram headed he department of Labour, Vallabhbhai
Prasad took over? Patel Home, Information & Broadcasting, Rajendra
(a) C. Rajagopalachari Prasad Food and Agriculture and Liaquat Ali Khan
(b) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Finance.
(c) T.T. Krishnamarchari 4. The first Interim National Government was
(d) Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha announced on
UPSC IAS (Pre.) 2024 (a) 25th August 1946
(b) 24th August 1946
Ans(d): Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha was elected to the
(c) 23rd August 1946
constituent assembly from Bihar on a congress party
ticket. He served as interim President of the Assembly (d) 22nd August 1946
before Rajendra Prasad was formally appointed as UPPCS Pre 2022
President. Hence, option (d) is correct. Ans. (b) The first Interim National Government was
announced on 24th August 1946 under the cabinet
2. Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected the Chairman
mission plan. This declaration provided that the interim
of the Constituent Assembly in
national government assume power on 2 September
(a) October 1946 AD 1946.
(b) November 1946 AD 5. Who among the following was not a member of
(c) December 1946 AD the Cabinet Mission sent to India in 1946 AD?
(d) September 1946 AD (a) Ramsay MacDonald'
(e) None of the above/More than one of the (b) A.V. Alexander
above (c) Lord Pethick Lawrence
67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021 (d) Sir Stafford Cripps
th
Ans. (c) : On 11 December, 1946, Rajendra Prasad (e) None of the above/More than one of the
was unanimously elected as the permanent Chairman of above
the Constituent Assembly under the temporary 67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021
Chairmanship of Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha. Ans. (a) : 'The members of the Cabinet Mission were :
3. Who was allotted the Portfolio of the Labour Lord Pethick Lawrence, Secretary of State for India, Sir
Department in the Interim Government's Stafford Cripps, President of the Board of Trade, and
Cabinet of 1946 AD? A.V. Alexander, first Lord of Admiralty. Cabinet
(a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad Mission came to India in 1946 in order to discuss- the
transfer of power from the British government to the
(b) Dr. Anugraha Narayan Singh
Indian political leadership, with the aim of preserving
(c) Syed Ali Zaheer India's unity and granting its independence.
(d) Jagjivan Ram
6. Which of the following came to India after the
(e) None of the above/More than one of the Second World War in 1946?
above (a) Cripps Mission
67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021 (b) Cabinet Mission
Ans. (d) : The Interim government in 1946 AD, was led (c) Wavell Plan
by Jawahar Lal Nehru. It was the only such cabinet in (d) Simon Commission
India's history in which arch-rivals congress and UP Lower (Pre) 2004
History of Modern India 245 YCT
Ans-(b) The Cabinet Mission came to India after the Ans.(d): Allahabad University was founded in 1887 by
Second World War in 1946. After the end of the Second sir William Muir. It was established by an Act of
World War, the Labour Party under Clement Atlee won parliament and is recognised as an institute of National
elections in Britain. The Secretary of State, Pethick importance. It is the fourth oldest University of India
Lawrence announced on February 19, 1946 the dispatch of after Calcutta, Bombay and Madras University. The
the Cabinet Mission for constitutional reforms which
credit for conceiving a large central college in
arrived in India on April 2, 1946 in Delhi. The Cabinet
Allahabad, eventually to develop into a University, goes
Mission consisted of the Secretary of the State Mr. Pethick
to sir William Muir, Lt. Governor of united provinces.
Lawrence, Sir John Stafford Cripps, President of the Board
of Trade, A.V. Alexander etc. 10. The first Interim National Government was
7. Who among the following was not the member announced on
of the Cabinet Mission? (a) 25th August 1946 (b) 24th August 1946
(a) P. Lawrence (c) 23rd August 1946 (d) 22nd August 1946
(b) A. V. Alexander UPPSC (Pre) 2022
(c) J. Andrew Ans. (b): The first Interim National Government was
(d) None of them announced on 24th August 1946 under leadership of Pt.
69th BPSC (Pre) 2023 Jawaharlal Nehru. On September 2, 1946, the Interim
Ans. (c) : In the given options J. Andrew was not a Government of India was formed.
member of the cabinet mission on February 15, 1946, 11. With reference to the Cabinet Mission (1946),
Prime Minister attlee announced the establishment of
which of the following statement(s) is/are
the Indian constituent assembly and sending the
correct?
'Cabinet Mission' to India for discussion with Indians on
the then burning problems. The cabinet mission came to 1. Cabinet Mission reached Delhi on 27
India on March 24, 1946. The three members of the March, 1946
cabinet mission were Lord Pethick Lawrence (India, 2. It suggested that there should be one
secretary), sir Stafford Cripps (Chairman Board of Central Government controlling at least
Trade) and A.V. Alexander (Navy minister). Abul some specified subjects.
Kalam Azad talked on behalf of congress with this Select the correct answer using the codes
cabinet sent by Attlee. Jawahar Lal Nehru and given below
Vallabhbhai Patel helped him in this work. (a) 1 Only (b) 2 Only
8. Consider the following statements regards the (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
'Cabinet mission plan' and 'Interim
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I
government.'
A. Cabinet mission plan implicitly accepted the Ans. (b) : Mr. Clement Attlee, the leader of Labour
'Pakistan' demand of the Muslim league. Party, sent a delegation to talk with the Indian leaders,
B. Muslim League initially accepted the that delegation was called ‘the Cabinet Mission’. This
Cabinet mission plan and later withdrew its mission came to India on 24th March 1946 AD. Major
acceptance of the mission plan. suggestions of this mission were :-
C. The interim government was formed, under • India will be a federal state [in which all the
a cabinet mission plan, by Congress province of British India + native provinces would
members alone with Nehru as de facto head. be included]
Choose the incorrect answer : Foreign affairs, Defence and Communication
(a) A only (b) A and B only medium would be under the Central Government.
(c) B and C only (d) A, B and C
JKPSC (Pre) 2023
• Except Federal subjects, all other subjects and rest
of the powers lie in provinces. Such provinces who
Ans. (a) : In the given options, cabinet mission plan
left their some powers in the favour of centre, the
implicitly accepted the 'Pakistan' demand of the Muslim
League is incorrect, other options are correct so option remaining powers they would have themselves and
(A) is incorrect and will be the right answer. use them in their favour.
9. In 1887, during the tenure of which Viceroy • The Representatives of Provincial Legislative
was the Allahabad University established? Assembly and Native Princely states selected a
(a) Lord Mayo (b) Lord Canning Constituent Assembly. Seats are allotted according
(c) Lord Curzon (d) Lord Dufferin to the ratio of population (Generally one
UPPSC APO 2022 Representative in 10 lakhs) to the provinces.

History of Modern India 246 YCT

• The demand of Muslim League was denied on the 15. Who among the following were members of the
basis of that, by this there would be no solution of Constituent Assembly?
minorities. (1) Kanaiyalal Munshi
(2) Vallabhbhai Patel
• Provinces are divided in three categories i.e. A, B
(3) Morarji Desai
and C
(4) Minoo Masani
A – Bihar, Bombay, Middle Province, Madras,
(a) Only 1, 2 and 3
Odisha and United Province.
(b) Only 1, 2 and 4
B – North-West Frontier, Sindh and Punjab
(c) Only 2, 3 and 4
C – Assam and Bengal (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
12. Who among the following was not a member of Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I
Cabinet Mission? Ans. (b): Out of the given options K.M. Munshi (Order
(a) Pethik Lawrence (b) John Simon of Business Committee), Vallabhbhai Patel (Provincial
(c) A.V. Alexander (d) Sir Staford Cripps Constitution Committee) Minoo Masani (a member of
UKPSC Pre-2022 the Constituent Assembly of India, who introduced the
Ans. (b): Clement Atlee (British Prime Minister) proposal for a uniform civil code to be included in the
decided to send a mission to India for the transfer of Constitution of India in 1947, which was rejected were
members of Constituent Assembly. Morarji Desai was
powers from the British Indian Government to Indian
not a member of Constituent Assembly.
leaders. The mission had three members mentioned with
their posts given below: 16. Who prepared “C.R. Formula” to remove the
political deadlock between Muslim League and
– Pethick Lawrence, Secretary of State for India
Indian National Congress?
--Stafford Cripps. President of the Board of Trade (a) Jawaharlal Nehru
-- A.V. Alexander, First Lord of Admiralty (b) Rajgopalachari
13. The First Session of Constituent Assembly was (c) Chittaranjan Das
held on- (d) V.P. Menon
(a) 9th December, 1946 UPPCS (Pre) 2019
(b) 15th August, 1947 Ans. (b) In 1944 AD, C. Rajagopalachari prepared a
(c) 26th November, 1949 formula to overcome the political deadlock between the
Muslim League and the Indian National Congress,
(d) 26th January, 1946
which is known as the C.R. Formula.
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
17. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as
66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre) Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R).
Ans. (a): The Constituent Assembly met for the first Assertion (A): In 1946, the Muslim League
time on 9 December, 1946 in New Delhi, in the withdrew its acceptance of the Cabinet Mission
Constitution Hall, which is now known as Central Hall Plan.
of Parliament House. Reason (R): The Muslim League joined the
14. _____ was the Chairman of the Central Interim Government formed in 1946.
Select the correct answer from the codes given
Election Board in the Central Legislative
below:
elections held in November 1945?
Codes:
(a) Maulana Azad (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
(b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel explanation of (A)
(c) Sarat Chandra Bose (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the
(d) Baldev Singh correct explanation of (A)
Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I (c) (A) is true, but (R) is false
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true
Ans. (b): General elections were held in British India in
UPPCS (Pre) -2018
November 1945 to elect members of the Central
Ans-(b) Cabinet Mission Plan came to India on March
Legislative Assembly and the Council of the State.
24, 1946 with its members - Sir Stafford Cripps, A.V.
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was the chairman of the Alexander and Pethick Lawrence. In the beginning the
Central Election Board in the Central Legislative Muslim League gave its consent for 'Cabinet Mission
elections held in November 1945 Plan' but later it denied the recommendations of

History of Modern India 247 YCT

'Cabinet Plan'. Apart from it the Muslim League 20. The Cabinet Mission came to India in-
continued to foster its demand of a seperate nation with (a) February, 1946 (b) March, 1946
complete sovereignity - Pakistan. The League triggered (c) April, 1946 (d) May, 1946
'Direct Action Day on August 16, 1946. So the (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Assertion (A) is correct. BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017
An announcement was made on August 24, 1946 for the Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2004-05
Interim Government under the leadership of Pt. J.L. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of the above
Nehru. In this government, League denied to question.
participate, but later on League accepted to participate 21. The Cabinet Mission of 1946 was led by-
in the Interim Government with an intention to hamper (a) Sir Pethick Lawrence
the activities of the government rather that helping it. (b) Sir Linlithgow
So, the assertion (R) is also correct but is not the correct (c) Lord Wavell
explanation of (A). (d) Sir John Simon
18. Regarding the Interim Government of 1946 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002
which of the following is not correct? UPPCS (Pre) Re-Exam G.S. 2015
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru was the Prime Minister UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru was designated as the Vice- Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of the above
President of the Viceroy's Executive Council question.
(c) The Viceroy continue to be the Head of the 22. Which among the following was not a member of
Executive Council Cabinet Mission?
(d) The Members of the Interim Government were (a) Pethick Lawrence (b) Wavell
members of viceroy's Executive Council (c) Sir Stafford Cripps (d) A. V. Alexander
Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2017 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
Ans-(a) The announcement of the Interim Government
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of the above
of India was made on August 24, 1946. The members of question.
Government were - Pt. J.L. Nehru, Asaf Ali,
23. With reference to the Cabinet Mission, which of
Rajgopalachari, Sharat Chandra Bose, Dr. Rajendra the following statements is/are correct?
Prasad, John Mathai, Sardar Baldev Singh, Sarfaraj 1. It recommended a federal government.
Ahmed Khan, Jagjivan Ram, Saiyad Ali Zaheer, Dr.
2. It enlarged the powers of the Indian courts.
C.S. Bhabha etc. These were formal members of
3. It provided for more Indians in the ICS.
executive councils which was being presided over by
Select the correct answer using the code given
Viceroy and J.L. Nehru was the vice president of the
below:
Executive Council.
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3
19. Who among the following was not a member of (c) 1 and 3 (d) None
the Cabinet Mission?
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2015
(a) Lord Pethick Lawrence
Ans-(a) According to the proposals of the Cabinet
(b) A.V. Alexander Mission announced on May 16, 1946, the country could
(c) Sir Stafford Cripps have a federal government consisting of the British and
(d) Lord Amery the Indians. The federation was naturally to look after
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994 the national and international problems like the defense
UP Lower Spl. (Pre) 2002 and communication, the foreign affairs and the
UP Lower (Pre) 2015 international trade while the provinces were to enjoy
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2016 complete autonomy in provincial subjects like police,
Ans-(d) On 22nd January 1946, the decision to send agriculture, industries, educational and many other local
problems. It did not make any recommendation related
Cabinet Mission was taken and on February 19, 1946,
to courts or ICS. Hence statement 2 and 3 are incorrect.
the British Prime Minister C. R. Attlee’s Government
24. The Cabinet Mission came to India in 1946 to
announced in the House of Lords about the mission and
recommend constitutional reforms. Who was
the plan to quit India. A high-powered mission of three not a member of three- man Mission?
British Cabinet members led by Lord Pethick- (a) Sir Stafford Cripps
Lawrence (the Secretary of State for India), Sir Stafford (b) Ramsay MacDonold
Cripps (President of the Board of Trade) and A. V. (c) Lord Lawrence
Alexander (the First Lord of the Admiralty) reached (d) AV Alexander
Delhi on March 24, 1946. Manipur PSC-2013
History of Modern India 248 YCT
Ans. (b): A Cabinet Mission came to India in 1946 in (c) Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
order to discuss the transfer of power from the British (d) Jagjivan Ram
Government to the Indian political leadership, with the UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010
aim of preserving India's unity and granting its Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of the above
independence. The three man Mission had its members- question.
Lord Pethick Lawrence (Secretary of State for India), 28. Who among the following was not a member of
Sir Stafford Cripps (President of the Board of Trade), Interim Government?
and AV Alexander (First Lord of the Admiralty).The (a) J. L. Nehru (b) Baldev Singh
Viceroy of India, Lord Wavell participated in some of (c) Asaf Ali (d) B. R. Ambedkar
the discussion. UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2004
25. Who headed the Interim Cabinet formed in the Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of the above
year 1946? question.
(a) Rajendra Prasad (b) Jawaharlal Nehru 29. Who among the following was not a minister in
(c) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (d) Rajagopalachari Interim Government formed on September 2,
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003 1946?
Ans-(b) On September 2, 1946, the newly-elected (a) Jawaharlal Nehru
Constituent Assembly formed Interim Government of (b) Liyakat Ali Khan
India which existed till August 15, 1947. The executive (c) Abul Kalam Azad
branch of the Interim Government was served by the (d) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Viceroy's Executive Council that was headed by the UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2013
Viceroy of India. It was composed of 12 members Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of the above
including 3 Muslims nominated by the Congress. It was question.
for the first time since the arrival of British that the 30. When was an Interim Government formed under
Government of India was in Indian's hand. On October Jawaharlal Nehru?
26, five nominees of the League joined the Government. (a) July, 1946
Congress appointees redesigned to make room for the (b) August, 1946
League nominees (Two seats were already vacant while (c) September, 1946
Mr. Sarat Bose, Syed Ali Zaheer and Sir Shafat Ahmed (d) October, 1946
Khan resigned). The portfolios of the composite twelve UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2016
cabinet member were as follows: Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of the above
(Vice President of the Executive Council, External question.
Affairs and Commonwealth Relations),Vallabhbhai 31. In the Interim Government (1946) who held the
Patel (Home, Information and Broadcasting), Baldev Railways Portfolio?
Singh (Defence), Dr. John Matthai (Industries and (a) Baldev Singh
Supplies), C. Rajagopalachari (Education), C. H. (b) T. T. Chundrigar
Bhabha (Works, Mines and Power), Rajendra Prasad
(c) Asaf Ali
(Food and Agriculture), Asaf Ali (Railways and
(d) Abdul Rab Nishtar
Transport), Jagjivan Ram, (Labour), Liaquat Ali Khan
UP Lower (Pre) 2008
(Finance), Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar (Commerce),
Abdur Rab Nishtar (Communication), Ghazanfar Ali Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of the above
question.
Khan (Health) and Jogendra Nath Mandal (Law).
32. When the Indian Muslim League was inducted
26. Which portfolio was held by Dr. Rajendra
into the Interim Government in 1946, Liyaqat Ali
Prasad in the Interim Government formed in the Khan was assigned the portfolio of-
year 1946? (a) Foreign Affairs (b) Home
(a) Defence (c) Finance (d) Defence
(b) External Affairs and Commonwealth IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998
(c) Food and Agriculture Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of the above
(d) None question.
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2006 33. Who among the following was the Finance
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of the above Minister in Nehru’s Interim Government in
question. 1946?
27. Who of the following was not the member of the (a) Fazlul Haq
Interim National Government formed in August (b) Khizr Hayat Khan
1946 A.D.? (c) Liaquat Ali Khan
(a) C. Rajagopalachari (d) Ghaznafar Ali Khan
(b) Dr. Rajendra Prasad UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2014
History of Modern India 249 YCT
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of the above Ans-(c) A Cabinet Mission Consisting of three British
question. Cabinet members led by Lord Pethick-Lawrence (the
34. In the Interim Government formed in 1946, the Secretary of State for India), Sir Stafford Cripps
Vice-President of the Executive Council was- (President of the Board of Trade) and A. V. Alexander
(the First Lord of the Admiralty) reached Delhi on
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru March 24, 1946. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was the
(b) Dr. S Radhakrishnan President of Indian National Congress during this
(c) C. Rajagopalachari period.
(d) Dr. Rajendra Prasad 38. The proposals of the Cabinet Mission did not
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1995 include.
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of the above 1. A three-tier structure for the Union of India,
question. with both the Provinces and the Princely
States.
35. The idea of a Constituent Assembly to frame a
2. Formation of a Constituent Assembly.
Constitution for Independent India was first
3. Creation of a sovereign Pakistan with six
mooted by:
Muslim Majority provinces.
(a) Independent Party in 1935 Select the correct answer using the code given
(b) Congress Party in 1936 below.
(c) Muslim League in 1942 (a) 1 and 3 (b) Only 3
(d) All Parties Conference in 1946 (c) Only 2 (d) 1 and 2
UPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2003 UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2015
Ans-(b) The idea of a Constituent Assembly to frame a Ans-(b) The proposals of the Cabinet Mission did not
Constitution for India was first mooted in Swaraj Party include creation of a sovereign Pakistan with six
Conference held in 1934. For the first time, the Muslim Majority provinces.
Constitution for India was drafted by Nehru Committee The United Kingdom government led by its Prime
in 1928. In the Lahore session of 1929, Congress Minister Clement Atlee formed the Cabinet Mission to
adopted the resolution of Poorna Swaraj. In 1934, the India in 1946 with a view to discuss the transfer of
power and resolve the constitutional deadlock between
demand for a Constituent Assembly was raised for the
the Indian political leaders. The proposals of the
first time, which later became an official demand in
Cabinet Mission were as follows-
1936. Jawaharlal Nehru as President of the Indian (i) The Mission proposed to secure an agreement on
National Congress in Faizpur Session held in 1936 the method of framing the Constitution to the
declared that India’s ultimate objective was the discussions with elected representatives of British
establishment of "a democratic state,” "full democracy” India and the Indian states on Preceding and
and a "new social and economic order”. Nehru also preparing.
popularized the demand for a Constituent Assembly to (ii) Proposed to set up a constitution body
draft India’s Constitution and made it a central issue in (iii) Proposed to set up an Executive Council with the
the 1937 provincial elections. support of the main Indian parties.
36. Which one of the following first mooted the idea 39. Which one of the following is not correct about
of a constituent assembly to frame a constitution the cabinet Mission Plan?
for India? (a) Provincial grouping
(a) Swaraj Party in 1934 (b) Interim Cabinet of Indians
(b) Congress Party in 1936 (c) Acceptance of Pakistan
(c) Muslim League in 1942 (d) Constitution framing right
(d) All Parties Conference in 1946 IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of the above
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of the above question.
question. 40. “It made its proposals in May. It still wanted a
united India. There was to be a Federal Union
37. Who was the President of Indian National
composed of British provinces.”
Congress when Cabinet Mission arrived in India?
The above quotation is related to-
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru (a) Simon Commission
(b) J.B. Kriplani (b) Gandhi-Irwin Pact
(c) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (c) Cripps Mission
(d) Sarojini Naidu (d) Cabinet Mission
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2008 IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999
History of Modern India 250 YCT
 Ans-(d) The quotation is related to Cabinet Mission, Ans-(b) Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar formally known
1946. as Babasaheb Ambedkar was the President of Drafting
41. Which one of the following suggested the Committee of Indian Constitution.
reconstitution of the Viceroy’s Executive Council 45. Which one of the following leaders of the
in which all the portfolios including that of War Congress was totally in favour of Cabinet
Members were to be held by the Indian leader? Mission Plan?
(a) Simon Commission (a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Shimla Conference
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Cripps Proposal
(c) Sardar Patel
(d) Cabinet Mission
(d) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2008
Ans-(d) The Cabinet Mission of 1946 suggested the UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2003
reconstitution of the Viceroy’s Executive Council in IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999
which all the portfolios including that of War Members Ans-(a) Mahatma Gandhi was totally in favour of
were to be held by the Indian leader. Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946. According to Gandhi “It
42. Under the cabinet mission scheme, how many is the best document the British Government could have
populations were in proportion to the number of produced in the circumstances.”
allocated members in the Constitution forming 46. “We will make a big mistake if we leave the
Council to determine the allotment of the people of Bihar and their cabinet reserved for the
members? violent and rude attacks of the leaders of the
(a) 8 lakh people (b) 9 lakh people League” Who gave the above statement in 1946?
(c) 10 lakh people (d) 12 lakh people (a) Mahatma Gandhi
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
Ans-(c) According to the Cabinet Mission Plan, 1946,
(c) Rajendra Prasad
there was to be a Union of India, consisting both of
British India and the Princely States, with control over (d) Sardar Patel
foreign affairs, defence and communication. The BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
members of the Constituent Assembly were elected by Ans-(d) The above statement was given by Sardar
the provincial assemblies of India. The elections of Vallabhbhai Patel in 1946. The proposal of Muslim
these assemblies were held in 1946, after the Second League to form a separate nation- ‘Pakistan’ was not
World War. The number of members of the Constituent accepted in the proposals of Cabinet Mission sent by
Assembly was fixed on the basis of the population. One British Government in 1946. Consequently, The
member would represent 10 lakh people. The number of Muslim League declared the Direct Action Day on
the members from the Princely States and provinces was August 16, 1946, to refuse the cabinet proposals and to
also fixed on the same grounds. Total number of the
emphasize its demand, which led to the spread of
members in the Constituent Assembly was fixed at 389 of
Hindu-Muslim riots across the country. In context to
which 292 were representatives of the provinces, 93
represented the princely states and four were from the this Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel said, “We will make a big
Chief Commissioner provinces of Delhi, Ajmer-Merwara, mistake if we leave the people of Bihar and their cabinet
Coorg and British Baluchistan. reserved for the violent and rude attacks of the leaders
43. The Constituent Assembly that framed India's of the League.”
Constitution was set up- 47. Who among the following had declared in 1939
(a) under the Indian Independence Act that the only way out to justiciably solve the
(b) under the Government of India Act, 1935 communal and other problems in India is
(c) by the Queen's Proclamation Constituent Assembly?
(d) under the Cabinet Mission Plan (a) Mahatma Gandhi
UPPCS (Mains) G.S.Ist 2008 (b) Moti Lal Nehru
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of the above (c) Jawaharlal Nehru
question. (d) Sardar Patel
44. Who among the following was the President of UPPSC J (Pre) G.S. 2016
Drafting Committee of Indian Constitution? Ans-(a) Mahatma Gandhi in his weekly newspaper
(a) A. K. Azad (b) B. R. Ambedkar named ‘Harijan’ declared in 1939 that the only way out
(c) J. L. Nehru (d) Dr. Rajendra Prasad to justifiably solve the communal and other problems in
UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2014 India is Constituent Assembly.
History of Modern India 251 YCT

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42.
Mountbatten Plan, Partition and
Independence of India
1. Who among the following headed the two 4 The Indian Independence Bill was introduced
Boundary Commissions set up to delineate the in the House of Commons by the British Prime
international frontiers between India and Minister Attlee on
Pakistan in 1947? (a) 2nd July, 1947 (b) 3rd July, 1947
(a) A.P. Moon (c) 4th July, 1947 (d) 5th July, 1947
(b) A.V. Alexander APPSC (Pre) 2023
(c) Cyril Radcliffe Ans. (c) : The British Prime Minister, clement Attlee,
(d) More than one of the above introduced the Indian Independence Bill in the house of
(e) None of the above commons on 4 July 1947. Indian Independence Bill was
68th BPSC 2022 passed by both the houses of the British parliament on
15 July 1947. The Act provided for the partition of
Ans. (c): Cyril Radcliffe headed the two Boundary
India and the establishment of the two dominions (India
commissions set up to delineate the international
and Pakistan).
frontiers between India and Pakistan in 1947.
5. Two statements are given below, one is labelled
2. On February 20, 1947, Prime Minister Attlee
announced the British Government's decision as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled Reason
to withdraw from India latest by (R)-
(a) August 1947 Assertion (A) : The British sovereignty continued
to exist in free India.
(b) January 1948
Reason (R) : The British sovereign appointed the
(c) June 1948
last Governor-General of free India.
(d) More than one of the above
In context of the above two statements which one
(e) None of the above of the following is correct?
68th BPSC 2022 (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
Ans. (c): On February 20, 1947, Prime Minister Attlee explanation of A
announced the British Government's decision to (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct
withdrawa from India latest by June 1948. explanation of A
3. Which Act was sanctioned by British (c) A is true but R is false
Parliament on 18th July, 1947?
(d) A is false but R is true
(A) Indian Partition Act
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
(B) Indian Independence Act
Ans-(d) The Indian Independence Act was based upon
(C) Draft Constitution Act the Mountbatten plan of June 3, 1947 and was passed
(D) Constitutional Amendment Act by the British parliament on July 5, 1947. It received
(a) Only (A) and (C) royal assent on July 18, 1947. As per the provisions of
(b) Only (A) and (D) this Act, the British Government would not continue
(c) Only (A) any control on any dominion from August 15, 1947 and
the Governor General was invested with adequate
(d) Only (B)
powers until March, 1948 to issue orders for effective
Maharashtra PSC 2022 implementation of the provisions of the Indian
Ans. (d) : The Indian Independence Act, 1947 was Independence Act, 1947. C. Rajagopalachari was the
based upon the Mountbatten Plan of 3rd June, 1947 and last Governor General of free India, after that the post
was passed by the British Parliament on 5 July, 1947. It was abolished. Hence the Assertion (A) is false while
recieved royal ascest on 18 July, 1947. the Reason (R) is true.
History of Modern India 252 YCT
6. Assertion (A): Britain made India free in 1947. Ans. (b) Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Reason (R): Britain had become weak during the represented the Indian National Congress in the
Second World War. Partition Council headed by Lord Mountbatten. Abul
In the context of the above two statements, which Kalam Azad was against the partition unto the last. He
of the following is/are correct? said if the Congress leaders accept the partition, the
history will never forgive them. While Sardar Patel said
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
“Whether Jinnah wants partition or not but now we
explanation of A
ourselves want partition.”
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct
9. As an alternative to the partition of India,
explanation of A
Gandhiji suggested to Mountbatten that he-
(c) A is true but R is false
(a) Postpone granting of independence
(d) A is false but R is true
(b) Invite Jinnah to form the government
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1999, 2001
(c) Invite Nehru and Jinnah to form the government
UP Lower Spl. (Pre) 2002 together
Ans-(b) The British made India free in 1947. There (d) Invite the army to take over for some time
were many reasons like peak of national consciousness
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2000
which had also engulfed armed forces, international
pressure and weak Britain after second world war. Ans-(b) Lord Mountbatten took over the post of
Weakness of British is also one of the reason thus both Governor General of India on March 24, 1947 and the
assertion and reason are correct and reason explains first meeting between Mahatma Gandhi and
assertion. Mountbatten took place on March 31, 1947. As an
alternative to the partition of India, Mahatma Gandhi
7. Assertion (A): The Indian National Congress suggested Mountbatten that he should invite Jinnah to
accepted the Mountbatten Plan. form government and run the affairs of the country.
Reason (R): It believed in two-nation theory. However this suggestion of Gandhi was not acceptable
Select the correct answer from the codes given to Congress leaders and Congress Working Committee.
below: 10. At the time of India’s Independence, Mahatma
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Gandhi was-
explanation of A (a) A member of Congress Working Committee
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct (b) Not a member of the Congress
explanation of A
(c) The President of the Congress
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) The General Secretary of the Congress
(d) A is false but R is true
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998
Ans-(b) Mahatma Gandhi was not a member of Indian
Ans-(c) Although the Indian National Congress had National Congress at the time of India’s Independence
accepted the Mountbatten Plan of June 3, 1947 but it (August 15, 1947). In 1934 Gandhi resigned from the
did not believe in two-nation theory. The INC accepted Indian National Congress over his differences with
the Mountbatten Plan to avoid the communal riots in the other leaders on the purity of ends and means. He
country. Hence Assertion (A) is correct but the Reason established the "All India Village Industries
(R) is incorrect. Association" at Wardha and devoted most of his time
8. Who represented the Indian National Congress in towards reorganization of Indian villages. Gandhi
the Partition Council headed by Lord started experiments in rural life-style such as revival of
Mountbatten? village crafts and agro processing industries, village
1. Abul Kalam Azad cleanliness, diet reforms, etc. so that villages could be
2. Jawaharlal Nehru developed as ideal surroundings to live in. He
concentrated on the removal of untouchability also.
3. Sardar Patel However, he actively participated in various activities
4. Rajendra Prasad of Indian National Congress but never became it’s
Select the correct answer from the codes given member.
below: 11. My ultimate aim is to wipe every tear from every
Codes: eye is the slogan of which of the following person-
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru (b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) 3 and 4 (d) 1 and 4
(c) B.G. Tilak (d) G. K. Gokhale
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2009
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992
History of Modern India 253 YCT
Ans. (a) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru addressed to the any control on any dominion from August 15, 1947 and
Constituent Assembly of India in New Delhi on August the Governor General was invested with adequate
14, 1947. In his address he said, “The ambition of the powers until March, 1948 to issue orders for effective
greatest man of our generation has been to wipe every implementation of the provisions of the Indian
tear from every eye. That may be beyond us, but as long Independence Act, 1947. The Prime Minister of the
as there are tears and suffering, till then our work will United Kingdom announced on February 20, 1947 that
not be over.” the British Government would grant full self-
12. In August 1947, who of the following leaders did government to British India by June 30, 1948 or at the
not participate anywhere in Independence latest and the future of the Princely States would be
Day celebrations? decided after the date of final transfer is decided.
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru (b) Mahatma Gandhi 16. “Mountbatten Plan” regarding the partition of
(c) Vallabhbhai Patel (d) Rajendra Prasad India was officially declared on-
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016 (a) 4 June 1947 (b) 10 June 1947
Ans-(b) Mahatma Gandhi did not participate anywhere (c) 3 July 1947 (d) 3 June 1947
in Independence Day celebrations in August 1947 MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2014
because he was against the partition of India and was
very upset with the inhuman conditions aroused from Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
partition of Indo-Pakistan and at that time he was in 17. The last opportunity to avoid the partition of
Noakhali of Bengal. India was lost with the rejection of-
13. Who among the following was the President of (a) Cripps Mission
the Indian National Congress when India got (b) Rajagopalachari Formula
independence? (c) Cabinet Mission
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Wavell Plan
(c) J. B. Kripalani (d) Sardar Patel
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2002
BPSC (Pre) 2003-04
Ans-(c) Cripps Mission – March, 1942, C. R. Formula –
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2006
July 10, 1944, Wavell Plan – June 14, 1945, Cabinet
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2009-10
Mission – March 1946. Hence it is clear that the last
UPPCS (Mains) Ist G.S. 2015 opportunity to avoid the partition was lost with the
Ans-(c) J. B. Kripalani was the President of Indian rejection of Cabinet Mission. The Cabinet Mission of
National Congress at the time India got independence. 1946 came to India aimed to discuss the transfer of
Acharya Jiwantram Bhagwandas Kripalani was a power from the British government to the Indian
Gandhian socialist, environmentalist, mystic and freedom leadership, with the aim of preserving India's unity and
fighter, noted for his incorruptibility and determination. granting it independence. It is worth notable that the
14. The President of Indian National Congress at the Cabinet Mission was composed of three Cabinet
time of partition of India was Ministers of England, Sir Pethick Lawrence (Secretary
(a) Rajendra Prasad of State for India), Sir Stafford Cripps (President of the
(b) Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel Board of Trade) and Alexander (the First Lord of the
(c) Acharya J. B. Kripalani Admiralty). The mission arrived in Delhi on March 24,
1946.
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru
18. The Balkan Plan for fragmentation of India was
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2002
the brain child of-
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2007
(a) W. Churchill (b) M. A. Jinnah
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) Lord Mountbatten (d) V. P. Menon
15. By which date did the British Government
declare to grant India full self Government? IAS (Pre) G.S. 2000
(a) January 26 1946 (b) August 15, 1947 Ans-(c) Between March and May of 1947, Mountbatten
decided that the Cabinet Mission Plan had become
(c) December 31, 1947 (d) June 30, 1948
untenable and formulated an alternative plan. This plan
Uttarakhand RO/ARO (Pre) 2016 envisaged the transfer of power to separate provinces
Ans-(d) The Indian Independence Act was based upon (or to a confederation, if formed before the transfer).
the Mountbatten Plan of June 3, 1947 and was passed Punjab and Bengal were given the option to vote for
by the British Parliament on July 5, 1947. It received partition of their provinces. The various units thus
royal assent on July 18, 1947. As per the provisions of formed along with the princely states (rendered
this Act, the British Government would not continue independent by lapse of paramountcy) would have the

History of Modern India 254 YCT

option of joining India or Pakistan or remaining Ans-(a) In 1947 Dr. Kitchlew strongly opposed the
separate. The plan was quickly abandoned after Nehru acceptance of the Partition of India. He spoke out
reacted violently to it. It is worth notable that the Plan against it at public meetings across the country, and at
Balkan was completed and presented on April 15-16, the All India Congress Committee session that
1947 by Hastings Ismay, to assembly of provincial ultimately voted for the resolution. He called it a blatant
governors in Delhi. Due to this, this plan was also "surrender of nationalism for communalism".
called “Ismay Plan”. 22. Who among the following had seconded the
19. Lord Mountbatten came to India as Viceroy resolution on partition in the meeting of All India
along with specific instruction to- Congress Committee held in New Delhi in 1947?
(a) Balkanize the Indian sub-continent (a) Govind Ballabh Pant
(b) Keep India united if possible (b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(c) Accept Jinnah’s demand for Pakistan (c) J. B. Kripalani
(d) Persuade the Congress to accept partition (d) Abul Kalam Azad
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014
Ans-(b) Lord Mountbatten was provided the charge of Ans-(d) Abul Kalam Azad seconded the resolution on
Viceroy of India on March 24, 1947 and was sent to partition in the meeting of All India Congress held in
India along with specific instruction to keep India New Delhi on June 14, 1947 to approve the plan for the
united if possible. However he was authorized to make partition of India of June 3, 1947.
decisions according to Indian circumstances. He 23. The Indian Independence Bill received the Royal
became the Viceroy of India with a mandate to oversee Assent on
the British withdrawal from India. It is worth notable (a) 18th July, 1947 (b) 19th July, 1947
that the British Prime Minister Clement Attlee
(c) 20th July, 1947 (d) 21st July, 1947
announced on February 20, 1947 in the House of
Commons that he wish to transfer powers to India but UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014
also said that if the decision related to the constitution is Ans-(a) The Indian Independence bill was presented in
not made within a definite time period then the British the British Parliament on July 4, 1947 by the then Prime
Government has the power to transfer the government to Minister, Clement Attlee. The bill was passed by the
any of them. House of Commons on July 15, 1947 and next day by
20. The Indian National Congress agreed in 1947 to House of Lords. It received royal assent on July 18,
the partition of the country mainly because: 1947. It is worth notable that in February, 1947 the then
British Prime Minister Clement Attlee announced to
(a) The principle of two-nation theory was then
leave India.
acceptable to them
(b) It was imposed by the British Government and 24. The British Government decided and declared to
leave India by June 1948 in-
the Congress was helpless in this regard
(a) 1946 A.D.
(c) They wanted to avoid large-scale communal riots
(b) February, 1947
(d) India would have otherwise lost the opportunity
to attain freedom (c) April, 1947
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998 (d) June, 1947
Ans-(c) Replacing Lord Wavell, the British Prime Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006
Minister Clement Attlee announced the appointment of Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Lord Mountbatten as Viceroy of India on March 22, 25. The British Parliament passed the Indian
1947 (last British Governor-General and Viceroy Independence Act in-
arrived in India). The rising communal riots within the
country led Mountbatten to announce the partition of (a) January, 1947 (b) July, 1947
India on June 3, 1947. The Indian National Congress (c) August, 1947 (d) August, 1946
agreed to the partition of the country in 1947 because Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
they wanted to avoid the large-scale communal riots. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
21. Who of the following took the passing of 26. The Mountbatten Plan became the basis for-
resolution on partition in the meeting of the
(a) Continuity of British rule
Congress Committee (1947) as a "Surrender of
Nationalism in favour of Communalism"? (b) Transfer of power
(a) Dr. Kitchlew (b) Purushottam Das Tandon (c) Partition of the country
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru (d) G.B. Pant (d) Solution of communal problems
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2013
History of Modern India 255 YCT
Ans. (c) The Mountbatten Plan became the basis for 31. "The British Government is not responsible for
partition of India. Mountbatten came to India on March the partition of India." The above statement is
24, 1947 with the purpose to provide complete attributed to-
independence to India and the date to transfer the power
(a) Abul Kalam Azad
was decided as August 15, 1947. Under Attlee’s
instruction he made a plan of partition of India which (b) Lord Attlee
came to be known as Mountbatten Plan. (c) Lord Mountbatten
27. Who among the following voted against the (d) Mahatma Gandhi
partition of India in the meeting of All India UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2009
Congress held on 14 June 1947?
Ans-(b) On August 15, 1947 India was divided in two
(a) Abul Kalam Azad
dominion states (India and Pakistan) but the then British
(b) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan
Prime Minister, Clement Attlee did not accept that the
(c) Sardar Patel British Government is responsible for the partition of India.
(d) Govind Ballabh Pant
32. After 15 August 1947 India had to continue struggle
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2002 for freedom against which colonial power?
Ans-(b) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan popularly known as
(a) French (b) Dutch
‘Frontier Gandhi’ voted against the partition of India in
the meeting of All India Congress held on June 14, (c) British (d) Portuguese
1947. While Jawaharlal Nehru, Abul Kalam Azad, Uttarakhand Lower (Pre) 2011
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Govind Ballabh Pant Ans-(d) India had to continue struggle for freedom
voted in the favour of partition. The other leaders voted
against Portuguese even after August 15, 1947.
against the partition include Ram Motwani, Dr.
Kitchlew, P. D. Tandon and Maulana Hafiz-ur-Rahman. 33. Who was the Prime Minister of England when
28. Who appointed the first Prime Minister of India? India got freedom?
(a) Governor General (b) British Emperor (a) Winston Churchill
(c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Viceroy (b) Clement Attlee
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001 (c) Harold McMillan
Ans-(a) The first Prime Minister of India, Pt. Jawaharlal (d) None of the above
Nehru was appointed by the last Governor General of MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1998
British India, Lord Mountbatten.
Ans-(b) During the independence of India, Clement
29. The formula for transfer of sovereignty to India Richard Attlee of Labour Party was the Prime Minister
in 1947 was known as- of England. He served the post of Prime Minister of
(a) Durand Plan Britain from 1945 to 1951.
(b) Morley-Minto Reform 34. Which one of the following parties was in power
(c) Mountbatten Plan in U.K. when India got independence?
(d) Wavell Plan (a) Conservative Party
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994 (b) Labour Party
Ans-(c) Mountbatten Plan also known as 3 June Plan (c) Liberal Party
was provided to transfer of sovereignty to India in 1947.
(d) Socialist Party
The British Parliament passed Indian Independence Act
on July 18, 1947 which provided for two dominion UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012
states India and Pakistan with effect from August 15, Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
1947.
35. Where was Mahatma Gandhi when Clement
30. Which plan became the basis of India’s Attlee announced transfer of power in House of
independence? Commons?
(a) Cripps Plan (a) Calcutta (b) New Delhi
(b) Wavell Plan (c) Lahore (d) Noakhali
(c) Mountbatten Plan UPPSC Food Safety Inspector Exam 2013
(d) None of the above Ans-(b) When the then British Prime Minister Clement
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006 Attlee announced transfer of power on June 3, 1947
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Mahatma Gandhi was residing at New Delhi.

History of Modern India 256 YCT

 36. Who was British emperor during Indian decide borderline between India and Pakistan on June
independence? 30, 1947 under the Presidentship of Radcliffe. These
(a) George V commissions had to demarcate borders by Muslim and
(b) George VI Non-Muslim population. There were four members in
each commission, two from Muslim League and two
(c) King Edward VII
from Indian National Congress.
(d) None of the above
39. Who headed the Boundary Commission appointed
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2016 in 1947 in the context of India’s partition?
Ans. (b) George VI was King of the United Kingdom (a) Mountbatten (b) Radcliffe
and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from (c) James Bolt (d) Richardson
1936 until his death in 1952. He was the last Emperor of UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015
India and the first Head of the Commonwealth. Ans-(b) Sir Radcliffe headed the Boundary
37. Mountbatten Plan (June 1947) provided for a Commission appointed in 1947 in the context of
referendum in which of the following partition of India.
province(s)? 40. Which one of the following statements concerning
(a) Sindh (b) Baluchistan the freedom and partition of India is not correct?
(a) In February 1947, British Prime Minister Attlee
(c) North-West Frontier Province (d) All of these
announced that the British were not going to
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2016 transfer power to Indians, come what may
Ans-(d) The Mountbatten Plan (June 3, 1947) provided (b) Lord Wavell advocated total withdrawal of the
for a referendum that Punjab, Bengal Legislative British from India by 31 March, 1948
Assemblies would meet in two groups, Hindus and (c) It was Lord Mountbatten who speeded up the
Muslims to vote for partition. Sindh would take its own process of transfer of power
decision. Referendum in North-West Frontier Province, (d) The Plan Balkan was abandoned on account of
Baluchistan and Sylhet district of Bengal would decide Nehru's opposition to it
the fate of these areas. NWFP decided to join Pakistan UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2015
while Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan boycotted and rejected Ans-(a) The Prime Minister of Britain, Clement Atlee
the referendum. Independence for Princely States being declared on February 20, 1947 in the House of
ruled out, they would either join India or Pakistan. Commons that the British would quit India after
Independence for Bengal was ruled out. Accession of transferring power into the responsible hand not later
Hyderabad to Pakistan was also ruled out. than June 1948. The idea was that the Indians should
settle their issues before that. He also announced the
38. The Radcliffe Committee was appointed to-
appointment of Lord Mountbatten as Viceroy in place
(a) Solve the problem of minorities in India. of Lord Wavell. Rest of the options are correct with
(b) Give effect to the Independence Bill. concern to the freedom and partition of India.
(c) Demarcate the boundaries between India and 41. The Nehru-Liaquat Pact between India and
Pakistan. Pakistan was signed in 1950 to resolve the issue of-
(d) Enquire into the riots in East Bengal. (a) the protection of minorities
(b) the accession of Princely States
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2014
(c) the border disputes
Ans-(c) On August 17, 1947 the Radcliffe Line was
(d) the problem of refugees
declared as the boundary between India and Pakistan,
following the Partition of India. The line is named after UPSC CDS Ist 2010
Sir Cyril Radcliffe who was commissioned to equitably Ans-(a) Nehru-Liaquat Pact was the outcome of six days
divide 4,50,000 km sq of territory with 88 million of talks sought to guarantee the rights of minorities in both
countries after the Partition of India and to avert another
people. The idea behind the Radcliffe Line was to create
war between them. As per this pact governments of India
a boundary which would divide India along religious
and Pakistan solemnly agreed that each shall ensure, to the
demographics, under which Muslim majority provinces minorities throughout its territory, complete equality of
would become part of the new nation of Pakistan and citizenship, irrespective of religion, a full sense of security
Hindu and Sikh majority provinces would remain in in respect of life, culture, property and personal honour,
India. It is worth notable that Viceroy of British India, freedom of movement within each country and freedom of
Mountbatten has formed two commissions, Punjab occupation, speech and worship, subject to law and
Border Commission and Bengal Border Commission to morality.

History of Modern India 257 YCT

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43.
Constitutional Development of India
1. With reference to the Government of India Act, • It empowered the Local Governments in India to
1935, consider the following statements: impose taxes on persons and to punish those who did
1. It provided for the establishment of an All not pay them.
India Federation based on the union of the
3. The Federal System proposed under the
British Indian Provinces and Princely
Government of India Act 1935 was
States.
(a) All India Federation
2. Defence and Foreign Affairs were kept (b) Federation of India
under the control of the federal legislature. (c) United India
Which of the statements given above is/are (d) Indian Confederation
correct? MPPSC Pre 2022
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only Ans. (a) : The Government of India Act of 1935
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 provided for the establishment of an All-India
UPSC IAS (Pre.) 2024 Federation consisting of provinces and prinecly states as
Ans(a): The Government of India Act, 1935 provided units. Divided powers in 3 lists namely-Federal List,
for the creation of a 'federation of India' that consisted provincial List and Concurrent List.
of two levels. A central executive and parliament and
4. Who was given the princely portfolio in the
below it, provinces and princely state. Hence,
National Provisional Government?
statement-1 is correct. (a) V.P. Menon
Dyarchy was introduced at the central level. Key (b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
subjects like defence and foreign affairs were under the (c) Krishna Shahi
direct control of the Governor General. Hence, (d) C. Rajagopalachari
statement-2 is not correct. MPPSC Pre 2022
2. Consider the following statements about ‘the Ans. (b): Sardar Patel handled the portfolio of Home
Charter Act of 1813’: Minister, Minister of States and Minister of Information
1. It ended the trade monopoly of the East India and Broadcasting. As a Home Minister, he handled the
Company in India except for trade in tea and integration of all the princely states into the Indian
trade with China. Union with great expertise.
2. It asserted the sovereignty of the British 5. Which of the following statements with respect
Crown over the Indian territories held by the to the East India Company Act of 1784 is/are
Company. correct?
3. Christian Missionaries were allowed to enter A. The Act gives the British Government
in India supreme control over the company's affairs
Which of the statements given above are and administration in India.
correct? B. The Act provides special powers to the
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only Presidencies of Bombay and Madras
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 providing it more in terms of revenue
J & K PSC Pre 2022 matters.
Ans.(d): The features of Charter Act 1813 are as C. It established the Board of Control with six
follows - commissioners to look out commercial
• It ended the trade monopoly of the East India functions of the Company.
Company in India except for trade in tea and trade with Choose the correct answer :
China. (a) A and B only (b) A and C only
• It asserted the sovereignty of the British Crown over (c) A only (d) B and C only
the Indian territories held by the Company. JKPSC (Pre) 2023
• Christian Missionaries were allowed to enter in India. Ans. (a) : In the given options, the Act gives the British
• There was also a provision that Company should government supreme control over the company's affairs
invest Rs. 1 Lakh every year on the education of and administration in India is the correct answer. So
Indians. option (a) is correct and other options are incorrect.

History of Modern India 258 YCT

6. The Supreme Court of Fort William in Calcutta • It also empowered the Viceroy to issue ordinances,
was established by which Act? without the consent of the Legislative Council
(a) Regulating Act of 1773 during an emergency. The ordinance was valid for a
(b) India Act of 1784 period of 6 months.
(c) Charter Act of 1793 9. By which of these Acts did the Britishers
(d) Charter Act of 1813 introduce the concept of separate electorates on
Haryana PSC (Pre) 2017 the basis of religion for the first time?
Ans-(a) By Regulating Act of 1773 AD, a Supreme (a) Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
Court was established in Bengal (In Fort William (b) Rowlatt Act
Calcutta). In the Supreme Court original and appellate
(c) Minto-Morley Reforms
jurisdictions were allowed. Sir Elijah Impey was its first
(d) Indian Councils Act
Chief Justice. There were one chief justice and 3 other
Justices in Supreme Court. Both the British and Indians Nagaland PSC (NCS) Pre-2017
were allowed to file a petition for justice in this court. Ans. (c): By Minto-Morley Reforms, the Britishers
7. By which Act was system of 'Dyarchy' introduced the concept of separate electorates on the
introducted during British rule in India? basis of religion for the first time. Therefore, Lord
(a) Indian Councils Act, 1861 Minto came to be known as Father of Communal
(b) Govt. of India Act, 1919 Electorate in India.
(c) Govt. of India Act, 1935 The Morley - Minto Reforms became law in 1909 as the
(d) Govt. of India Act, 1909 Indian Councils Act. The importance of the Councils
Himachal Pradesh PSC (Pre) 2010 Act was to ensure that Indian legislators were given a
Ans-(b) Govt. of India Act, 1919 introduced the ' chance to express their opinions. The British also
Dyarchy System' for the very first time during British accepted the right of Muslims to have a separate
rule in India. Lionel Curtis is father of Dyarchy System electorate.
in India. A bicameral system was introduced at Central 10. Consider the following statements about 'the
level in forms of the lower house or Central Legislative Charter Act of 1813':
Assembly and upper house or Council of State. At the
1. It ended the trade monopoly of the East
State level subjects were divided into two lists as
'reserved' and 'transferred'. Law and order, revenue, India Company in India except for trade in
finance etc. were kept under reserve which were to be tea and trade with China.
administered by the Governor and his executive 2. It asserted the sovereignty of the British
Councils. While education, health, local governance, Crown over the Indian territories held by the
industry, agriculture, excise etc. were to be administered Company.
by the Indian ministers. 3. The revenues of India were now controlled
by the British Parliament.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2019
8. Which one of the following Acts of British UPPSC RO/APO Mains 2017
India strengthened the Viceroy's authority over Ans-(a) The Charter Act of 1813 came up with some
his executive council by substituting 'portfolio' vital provisions-
or 'departmental' system for corporate
• It ended the trade monopoly of the East India
functioning?
Company in India except for trade in tea and trade
(a) Indian Councils Act 1861
(b) Government of India Act, 1858 with China.
(c) Indian Councils Act, 1892 • The Company got the right to hold the possession of
(d) Indian Councils Act, 1909 the territories and their revenues for next 20 years.
UPPCS (pre.) 2021 This was how the constitutional stance of the British,
Ans. (a) : The Indian Councils Act 1861 recognized the regarding the Indian states held by the company was
Portfolio System (introduced by Lord Canning in expressed clearly for the first time.
1859) under which, a member of the Viceroy’s Council • It augmented the powers of Board of Control.
was made in charge of one or more departments of the • An amount of One lakh rupees was to be spent for the
Government and was authorized to issue final orders on development or encouragement of education in India.
behalf of the council on the matters of the concerned It was an important statement made in the Charter
department. regarding taking the responsibility for education.

History of Modern India 259 YCT

• By this Act, any regulation made by the Councils of 14. Which Act is not the landmark in the
Madras, Bombay and Calcutta was required to be development of the Constitution during the
passed by the British Parliament. This was the second British Rule?
provision which bolstered the constitutional position
(a) The Regulating Act, 1773
of the British territories in India.
• All the commercial transactions and territorial (b) The Charter Act, 1833
revenues were to be kept separately. (c) The Government of India Act, 1919
• Christian missionaries were allowed to come in India (d) The Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955
and to propagate their religious teachings. (e) None of the above/More than one of the
11. Which among the following introduced the above
Provincial Autonomy in British India? 66th BPSC 2020(pre)
(a) Cabinet Mission
Ans. (d) : Regulating Act 1773, the Charter Act 1833,
(b) Simon Commission
(c) Government of India Act 1935 and the Government of India Act 1919 are the landmark
(d) Government of India Act 1919 in the development of the constitution during the British
7th JPSC (Pre)2021 rule where as The Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955
Ans. (c) : Provincial Automony is introduced in British was enforced on 01-06-1955 (after independence). The
India under the Government of India Act, 1935. Under Act prescribed punishment for the preaching and
this Act, the central control over the states was reduced practice of Un-touchability or the enforcement of any
by identifying and separating the list of central and disability arising there from and for matters connected
provincial subjects. Provincial legislator was
empowered to legislate on the subjects of its lists. therewith.
12. Consider the following statements: 15. Which of the following Acts introduced
1. The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 separate electorate system in India?
recommended granting voting rights to all the (a) The Regulating Act, 1773
women above the age of 21. (b) The Charter Act, 1833
2. The Government of India Act of 1935 gave (c) The Pitt's India Act, 1784
women reserved seats in legislature.
(d) The Indian Councils Act, 1909
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct? (e) None of the above/More than one of the
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only above
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 66th BPSC 2020(pre)
UPSC (IAS) 2021 Ans. (d) Indian Council Act 1909 was more commonly
Ans. (b): In line with the government policy contained called Morley-Minto Reforms. It introduced separate
in Montagu’s statement of August 1917, the electorates on the basis of religion in India.
government announced further constitutional reforms in
16. Minto-Morley reforms of 1909 proposed
July 1918, known as Montagu-Chelmsford reforms;
Based on these, the Government of India Act, 1919 was (a) Elections of Indians to various Legislative
enacted. Under the Act, Women were given the right to Councils
vote. But there was no universal adult suffrage. Hence (b) Introduced the system of Municipalities and
statement 1 is not correct. Village Panchayats
The Government of India Act, 1935 extended the (c) Both (A) and (B)
principle of communal representation by providing (d) None of the above
separate electorates for depressed classes (scheduled J&K PSC Pre-2018
castes), women and labourers (workers). A separate
electorate meant that not only were the seats reserved Ans. (a): Minto-Morley reforms of 1909 proposed
for a specific group, but voting for the reserved elections of Indians to various legislative councils. The
constituency was allowed for only members of that main provisions of Morley-Minto reform are-
specific community. Hence statement 2 is correct. • The introduction of a separate electorate for the
Hence option (b) is the correct answer. Muslims.
13. The declaration of reforms on August 20, 1917 is • Increasing the number of members in both central
known as: (from 16 to 60) and provincial legislative council.
(a) Montagu Declaration
(b) Morley Declaration • Appointing an Indian into Viceroy's executive
(c) Minto Declaration council.
(d) Chelmsford Declaration Note:-Morley-Minto Reform was passed by the
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) 2011 parliament of UK, also known as Indian Councils Act
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 1909.

History of Modern India 260 YCT

17. The Government of India Act, 1919 was based Ans-(d) In the context of Indian history, the principle of
upon: Diarchy (Dyarchy) refers to division of the subjects
(a) Morley-Minto Reforms delegated to the provinces into two categories. In
(b) Montagu-Chelmsford Report diarchy there were two classes of administrators –
(c) Ramsay MacDonald Award Executive councilors and ministers. The Governor was
(d) Nehru Report the executive head of the province. The subjects were
Haryana PSC Pre 2014 divided into two lists – reserved and transferred.
Ans-(b) The Government of India Act, 1919 was based 22. Which one of the following was not a part of
upon Montagu - Chelmsford Reforms. This Act was Indian Councils Act 1909 popularly known as
intended to introduce a responsible government Morley- Minto Reforms?
gradually in India under the ambit of the British Empire. (a) Limited roles to Indians in central and
18. The Montague-Chelmsford Report formed the provincial legislatures
basis of- (b) Creation of municipal corporations and
(a) The Indian Independence Act, 1947 district boards
(b) The Indian Councils Act, 1909 (c) Separate electorates for Hindus and Muslims
(c) The Government of India Act, 1919 (d) Double representation to Muslims
(d) The Government of India Act, 1935 Manipur PSC-2013
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2011
Ans. (b): The Indian Council Act 1909 was an act of
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2004
the British Parliament that introduced a few reforms in
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2010
the legislative council and increased the involvement of
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Indian in the governance of British India. It was more
19. By which Act an element of election was
commonly called as the Morley- Minto Reforms, which
introduced in India for the first time?
was named after the Secretary of State and the Viceroy.
(a) Indian Council Act, 1861
According to this Act, the membership of the central
(b) Indian Council Act, 1892
and provincial legislative councils was enlarged.
(c) Government of India Act, 1902
However the member of elected members in this
(d) Government of India Act, 1919
council was less than half of their total membership.
Himachal Pradesh PSC Pre 2018
• It may also be remembered that the elected member
Ans-(b) The Indian National Congress demanded for
were not elected by the people but by landlords.
the constitutional reforms with its formation in 1885. As
• The British also introduced communal electorates as a
a result of these demands, the British Parliament passed
the Indian Council Act of 1892. The number of part of their reforms this was meant to create disunity
members from Central Legislative Council was between Hindus and Muslims. Some seats in the
increased to maximum 16 and minimum 10. Non- councils were reserved for Muslims to be elected by
official members were elected through indirect election Muslim voters.
process. The term 'elected' was intentionally eschewed 23. The Government of India Act 1919 provided
for these non-official members. They were terned as dyarchy through Reserved List and
'nominated' members. Transferred List. Which of the following
20. The Indian Councils Act which is also known subjects was not included in the Reserved List?
as Morley-Minto Reforms was passed in (a) Defence (b) Foreign Affairs
(a) 1905 (b) 1907 (c) Agriculture (d) Communications
(c) 1909 (d) 1910 Manipur PSC-2013
Mizoram PSC (CCE) Pre-2017 Ans. (c): The Government of India Act 1919 provided
Ans. (c): The Indian Councils Act of 1909, also known diarchy through Reserved List and Transferred List. The
as Morley-Minto reforms where Lord Morley was the reserved list, under which the subjects were to be
then Secretary of State for India and Lord Minto was administered by the governor through his executive
the then Viceroy of India. council of bureaucrats. It included subjects such as law
21. In the context of Indian history, the principle of and order, finance, land revenue, irrigation etc.
‘Dyarchy (diarchy)’ refers to • All important subjects were kept in the reserved
(a) Division of the central legislature into two subjects of the Provincial Executive. The transferred list
houses. included agriculture, supervision of local government,
(b) Introduction of double government i.e., Central health and education.
and State governments. 24. ‘Diarchy’ was first introduced in India under-
(c) Having two sets of rulers; one in London and (a) Morley-Minto Reforms
another in Delhi. (b) Montford Reforms
(d) Division of the subjects delegated to the (c) Simon Commission Plan
provinces into two categories. (d) Government of India Act, 1935
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2017 UPSC CDS Ist 2010
History of Modern India 261 YCT
Ans. (b) ‘Diarchy’ was first introduced in India under 27. Under the provision of Regulating Act a
Montford Reforms. Provincial Assembly for Bihar was set up in-
25. The Regulating Act was passed in- (a) 1772 (b) 1774
(a) 1773 (b) 1774 (c) 1776 (d) 1778
(c) 1784 (d) 1793 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1995
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994 Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2015 28. Who was the first Chief Justice of Supreme
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2015 Court established in Calcutta under Regulating
Ans-(a) Regulating Act of 1773 was the first landmark in Act, 1773?
the constitutional development of India. Via this Act, the (a) William Pitt (b) Henry Vansittart
British Parliament for the first time interfered into affairs (c) Eliza Impey (d) Job Charnock
of India. The Prime Minister of England at the time of Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2014-15
Regulating Act of 1773 was Lord North. This Act Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
permitted the company to retain its territorial possessions 29. By which Act Supreme Court was established in
in India but sought to regulate the Activities and Calcutta?
functioning of the company. It did not take over power (a) Regulating Act
completely, hence called ‘Regulating’. The Act provided (b) Pitt’s India Act
for appointment of a Governor-General along with four (c) Bengal Judicial Act
Councillors in the Presidency of Fort William (Calcutta), (d) Indian Council Act, 1892
jointly called the Governor-General in Council. As per UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010
this, Warren Hastings was appointed as the Governor- UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998
General of the Presidency of Fort William. The Governors Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
in Councils at Madras and Bombay were brought under the 30. In which of the following Acts for the first time
control of Bengal, especially in matters of foreign policy. provision was made for the post of Governor
Now, they could not wage war against Indian states General of Bengal?
without Bengal’s approval. The company directors were (a) Regulating Act, 1773
elected for a period of five years and one-fourth of them (b) Pitt’s Indian Act, 1784
were to retire every year. Also, they could not be re- (c) Charter Act of 1813
elected. The company directors were directed to make (d) Act of 1833
public all correspondence on revenue, civil and military UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
matters with Indian authorities before the British Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
authorities. A Supreme Court of Judicature was established 31. The first Governor General of India was
in 1774 at Calcutta with Sir Elijah Impey as the first Chief appointed in-
Justice. Judges were to come from England. It had civil (a) 1774 (b) 1883
and criminal jurisdiction over the British subjects and not (c) 1858 (d) 1911
Indian natives. By the Provisions of this Act a Provincial Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2004-05
Assembly was setup in Bihar in 1774. Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
26. With reference to the establishment of 32. By which Act the Board of Control came into
Supreme Court, which of the statement is/are existence?
correct? (a) Regulating Act, 1773
1. Supreme Court at Calcutta was established (b) Act of Settlement, 1781
by the Regulating Act of 1773 (c) Charter Act, 1813
2. Lemaister was the first Chief Justice of this (d) Pitt’s India Act, 1784
court UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015
Select the correct answer using codes given Ans-(d) The Pitt’s India Act, 1784 also called the East
below : India Company Act, 1784 was passed by the British
Codes: Parliament to rectify the defects of the Regulating Act
(a) 1 only of 1773. This Act resulted in dual control of British
(b) 2 only possessions in India by the British government and the
(c) Both 1 and 2 Company with the final authority resting with the
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 government. This Act continued in effect till 1858. The
UPPSC RO/ARO (Re-exam) 2016 provisions of this Act were as follows-
Ans. (a) : Kindly refer the explanation of above (i) It distinguished between commercial and political
question. functions of company.
History of Modern India 262 YCT
(ii) A Board of Control (governing board) was Ans-(c) Charter Act of 1813 ended the trade monopoly
constituted with six members, two of whom were of the British East India Company except for trade in
members of the British Cabinet and the remaining tea and with China. Through this Act company accepted
were from the Privy Council. The Board also had its responsibility towards educating the natives and `1
a president, who soon effectively became the lack was sactioned for it.
minister for managing the affairs of the East India 36. What was/were the object/objects of Queen
Company. The Act stated that the Board would Victoria’s Proclamation (1858)?
henceforth "superintend, direct and control" the 1. To disclaim any intention to annex Indian
government of the Company's possessions, in States
effect controlling the Acts and operations relating 2. To place the Indian administration under the
to the civil, military and revenues of the British Crown
Company. 3. To regulate East India Company’s trade with
(iii) The Governor General –in-Council of the India
Company was reduced to three from four Select the correct answer using the code given
members, and the governor-general, a crown below.
appointee, was authorized to veto the majority (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only
decisions. (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
(iv) The governors of Bombay and Madras were also IAS (Pre) G.S. 2014
deprived of their independence. The governor- Ans-(a) On November 1, 1858, a grand Darbar was
general was given greater powers in matters of held at Allahabad. Here Lord Canning sent forth the
war, revenue and diplomacy. royal proclamation which announced that the Queen
(v) The Supreme Court of Calcutta became Victoria had assumed the Government of India. This
competent to try all English subjects. proclamation declared the future policy of the British
(vi) The Act authorized court of directors to make all Rule in India. The object/objects of Queen Victoria’s
the recruitments in India. Proclamation (1858) were to disclaim any intention to
33. By which of the following regulation British East annex Indian States as the announcement reversed Lord
India Company’s trade monopoly in India was Dalhousie’s pre-war policy of political unification
abolished? through princely state annexation. It was also to place
(a) Charter Act of 1793 (b) Charter Act of 1813 the Indian administration under the British Crown
(c) Charter Act of 1833 (d) Charter Act of 1853 Therefore, statement 1 & 2 are correct. However it was
(e) None of these not to regulate East India Company’s trade with India
Chhattisgarh PCS (Pre) G.S. 2017 so statement 3 is wrong.
Ans-(b) British Parliament continued to control the East
37. Which of the following is/are the principal
India company by extending its charter for only twenty
feature(s) of the Government of India Act, 1919?
years at at time. Those granted in 1793, 1813, 1833 and
1. Introduction of dyarchy in the executive
1853 successively whittled away the company's
government of the provinces.
commercial rights and trading monopolies. Company's
2. Introduction of separate communal
trade monopoly ended by 1813 Act except for tea and
electorates for Muslims.
trade with China. Its last remaining monopoly over the
3. Devolution of legislative authority by the
China tea trade was abolished in 1833.
centre to the provinces.
34. The monopoly of the East India Company in Select the correct answer using the codes given
India’s trade was abolished in- below:
(a) 1793 (b) 1803 (a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1813 (d) 1833 (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2012
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(c) The Government of India Act 1919 was passed
35. Which of the following is one of the reasons for by British Parliament to further expand the participation
considering Charter Act of 1813 important for
of Indians in the Government of India. The Act
India?
provided diarchy in the executive government of the
(a) It banned propaganda by Christian Missionaries
provinces. Hence statement (1) is correct. Statement (2)
in India
(b) It emphasized industrialization in India is incorrect because first statutory recognition of
(c) It made financial allocation for education of separate electorates for Muslims was contained in the
Indian people Act of 1909. In 1919, the British went ahead and gave
(d) It approved development of a railway system in separate electorates to Sikhs, Anglo-Indians, Christians
India and Europeans. Statement (3) which says “Devolution
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016 of legislative authority by the centre to the provinces” is

History of Modern India 263 YCT

correct. Government of India Act 1919 which gave the Ans-(b) The Government of India Act, 1919 also
provinces more legislative powers provided for the known as Montagu-Chelmsford Act, 1919 or Mont-
framing of rules for the devolution of authority between Ford Act, 1919 created a new office of the High
the Centre and the Provinces. However, judicial review Commissioner for India in London and transferred to
was prohibited. The correct answer of this question him some of the functions hitherto performed by the
would be option (c) 1 & 3 only. Secretary of State for India. The Swaraj Party expressed
doubt on utility of this Act. It is worth notable that the
38. Which one of the following had created the office
Mont-Ford Act, 1919 came into force in 1921. The
of the Secretary of State for India?
other provisions of this Act were as follows-
(a) The Councils Act 1861 (i) It provided for the establishment of a Public
(b) The Government of India Act 1858 Service Commission. Hence, a Central Public
(c) The Morley Minto reforms Service Commission was set up in 1926 for
(d) Montague Chelmsford reforms recruiting civil servants.
UPSC CAPF Exam Ist 2017 (ii) It separated, for the first time, provincial budgets
Ans-(b) The British Prime Minister, Palmerston from the Central budget and authorised the
introduced a Bill in 1858 in the parliament for the provincial legislatures to enact their budgets.
transfer of Government of India to the Crown. (iii) It provided for the appointment of a statutory
However, before this bill was to be passed, Palmerston commission to inquire into and report on its
working after ten years of its coming into force.
was forced to resign on another issue. Later, Lord
(iv) It relaxed the central control over the provinces
Stanley introduced another bill which was originally
by demarcating and separating the central and
titled as “An Act for the Better Government of provincial subjects. It further divided the
India” and it was passed on August 2, 1858. It is called provincial subjects into two parts—transferred
Government of India Act 1858 or 1858 Act. The and reserved. The transferred subjects were to be
provisions of Government of India Act, 1858 were as administered by the governor with the aid of
follows- ministers responsible to the Legislative Council.
(i) It provided that India henceforth was to be The reserved subjects, on the other hand, were to
governed by and in the name of, her Majesty be administered by the governor and his
(Queen Victoria). It changed the designation of Executive Council without being responsible to
the Governor-General of India to that of Viceroy the Legislative Council. This dual scheme of
of India. He (viceroy) was the direct governance was known as ‘dyarchy’ (diarchy).
representative of the British Crown in India. Lord (v) It required that the three of the six members of the
Canning thus became the first Viceroy of India. Viceroy’s Executive Council (other than the
commander-in-chief) were to be Indian.
(ii) It ended the system of double government by
(vi) It extended the principle of communal
abolishing the Board of Control and Court of
representation by providing separate electorates
Directors. for Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians and
(iii) It created a new office, Secretary of State for Europeans.
India, vested with complete authority and control 40. Which of the following statements about the
over Indian administration. The secretary of state Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms is/are correct?
was a member of the British cabinet and was 1. It was approved by King George V.
responsible ultimately to the British Parliament. 2. It made the Central Legislature, bicameral.
(iv) It established a 15-member Council of India to 3. The Act explicitly mentioned the
assist the Secretary of State for India. The council appointment of three Indian members to the
was an advisory body. The secretary of state was Council.
made the chairman of the council. Select the correct answer using the code given
(v) It constituted the Secretary of State-in-Council as below:
a body corporate, capable of suing and being sued (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2 only
in India and in England. (c) 2 only (d) 1 and 3 only
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2010
39. The post of Indian High Commissioner was
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
created by which Act?
41. The dyarchy system in provinces were introduced
(a) Indian Council Act, 1909
in Act of-
(b) The Government of India Act, 1919 (a) 1892 (b) 1909
(c) The Government of India Act, 1935 (c) 1919 (d) 1935
(d) Indian Independence Act, 1947 Uttarakhand UDA (Pre) 2003
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2002-03
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 264 YCT
42. The dyarchy system in India was introduced by- to be administered by the governor with the aid of
(a) Government of India Act, 1935 ministers responsible to the Legislative Council. The
(b) Morley-Minto Reforms reserved subjects, on the other hand, were to be
administered by the Governor and his Executive
(c) Mont-Ford Reforms
Council without being responsible to the Legislative
(d) Simon Commission Plan Council. This dual scheme of governance was known as
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2004 ‘dyarchy’ (Diarchy). The reserved subjects were
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. essential areas of law enforcement like justice, revenue
and police while the transferred subjects were such as
43. Identify the incorrect statement about
health, public works, education, etc. Sir Lionel Curtis is
Government of India Act 1919:
known as the “Father of Dyarchy.” Thus both the
(a) The Government of India Act 1919 came into
statements are correct and statement (R) is the correct
force in 1921.
explanation of statement (A).
(b) This Act is also known as Morley Minto
46. Who is known as Father of Dyarchy?
Reforms Act.
(a) Lord Clive
(c) Montagu was Secretary of State for India and
Lord Chelmsford was the Viceroy of India. (b) Hector Munro
(d) This Act separated the Central and Provincial (c) Lord Macaulay
subjects. (d) Sir Lionel Curtis
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2016 (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017
44. Which among the following parties expressed Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
doubt on utility of Act of 1919? 47. Consider the following statements-
(a) Muslim League Assertion (A): The structure and characteristics
(b) Justice Party of governance remained unitary and central with
(c) Swaraj Party enforcement of the Government of India Act of
(d) The Deccan Sabha 1919.
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11 Reason (R): A large part of authority was
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. delegated to provinces.
Which of the following is correct in the reference
45. Consider the following statements-
of the above?
Assertion (A): Diarchy means division of
administrative affairs in two sections. (a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct
explanation of A.
Reason (R): It was introduced for enforcement of
responsible government in Provinces. (b) Both A and R are correct but R is not correct
explanation of A.
Which of the following is correct in the reference
of the above? (c) A is true but R is false.
(a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct (d) A is false but R is true.
explanation of A. UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 1998
(b) Both A and R are correct but R is not correct Ans-(b) The system of diarchy was implemented in
explanation of A. India by the Government of India Act, 1919 and in the
(c) A is true but R is false. form of the transferred subjects, a large part of the rule
(d) A is false but R is true. such as health, education, local self government,
agriculture etc. was provided to the elected governments
UP Lower (Pre) 1998
of the provinces. But originally the Governor retained
Ans-(a) The Government of India Act, 1919 introduced
the control over provincial governance. In addition,
diarchy system in British India. It relaxed the central
unitary rule was established at the center. Thus, the
control over the provinces by demarcating and
structure and characteristics of governance remained
separating the Central and Provincial subjects. It further
unitary and central with enforcement of the Government
divided the provincial subjects into two parts—
of India Act of 1919.
transferred and reserved. The transferred subjects were
History of Modern India 265 YCT
48. Which of the following statements are correct? 50. Consider the following statements:
1. Government of India Act (1919) provided 1. The discussions in the Third Round Table
for the establishment of a Public Service Conference eventually led to the passing of
Commission in India. the Government of India Act of 1935.
2. The Public Service Commission was set up 2. The Government of India Act of 1935
in India for the first time in 1926.
provided for the establishment of an All
3. With the existence of Indian Constitution India Federation to be based on a Union of
in 1950 the Federal Public Service
the provinces of British India and the
Commission came to be known as the
Union Public Service Commission. Princely States.
4. Chairman and Members of the Federal Which of the above statements is/ are correct?
Public Service Commission became (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
Chairman and Members of the Union (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Public Service Commission by Article 378 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2009
of Indian Constitution.
Ans-(c) The Government of India Act 1935 was passed
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) Only 1 and 2
by British Parliament in August 1935. With 321
(c) Only 1, 2 and 3 (d) Only 2, 3 and 4 sections and 10 schedules, this was the longest Act
Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I passed by British Parliament so far and was later split
Ans. (a): Government of India Act, 1919 provided for into two parts viz. Government of India Act 1935 and
the first time, the establishment of a Public Service Government of Burma Act 1935. The Government of
Commission in India. India Act 1935 derived material from four key sources
viz. Report of the Simon Commission, discussions at
• With the enactment of Government of India Act 1919
the Third Round Table Conference, the White Paper of
and the strong recommendations made by Lee
1933 and the reports of the Joint Select Committees.
Commission in 1924 for the early establishment of a
This Act ended the system of dyarchy (diarchy)
Public Service Commission, it was on 1 October,
introduced by Government of India Act 1919 and
1926 that the Public Service Commission was setup
provided for establishment of a Federation of India to
in India for the first time.
be made up of provinces of British India and some or all
• When Indian Constitution came into existence on 26 of the Princely States. However, the federation never
January 1950 the commission became to be known as came into being as the required number of princely
Union Public Service Commission. As per Article states did not join it.
378, there shall be the chairman and members of 51. Consider the following statements:
Union Public Service Commission. 1. The Charter Act 1853 abolished East India
49. Which sentence of the following sentence is Company’s monopoly of Indian trade.
correct with reference to the provisions of the 2. Under the Government of India Act 1858, the
Government of India Act (1858)? British Parliament abolished the East India
(a) In ended the system of double government by company altogether and undertook the
abolishing the Board of Control and Court of responsibility of ruling India directly.
Director. Which of the statement/statements is/are corret?
(b) It also catered to the establishment of new (a) 1 (b) 2
legislative council for Bengal. (c) 1 and 2 (d) None of the above
(c) Both (a) and (b) IAS (Pre) G.S. 2006
(d) None of the above Ans-(b) The Government of India Act, 1813 or Charter
Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I Act, 1813 provided full-fledged monopoly of East India
Ans. (a): By the Provisions of the Government of Company in India but the monopoly of the Company
India Act 1858– remained untouched in trade with China and trading of
tea remained unchanged. Charter Act 1833 abolished
• East India Company was liquidated.
the East India Company's authority to trade with China
• Indian territories of Britain were to be governed in and trading of tea. Hence statement 1 is incorrect. The
the name of the British Queen. British Parliament brought Government of India Act,
• It ended the system of double government by 1858 which abolished the East India Company
abolishing the Board of Control and Court of altogether and undertook the responsibility of ruling
Director. India directly. Hence statement 2 is correct.
History of Modern India 266 YCT
52. Which Act of British Parliament abolished the confidence with the legislature. The subjects in
East India Company’s monopoly over trade in this list included local government, forests,
India? education, health, etc. However, the Governor-
(a) Regulating Act General had ‘special powers’ to interfere in the
(b) Pitt’s India Act transferred subjects also.
(c) Charter Act of 1813 (iv) It also provided to establish bicameral federal
(d) None of the above legislature. The two houses were the Federal
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015 Assembly (lower house) and the Council of States
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2016 (upper house). Federal assembly had a term of
five years. Both houses had representatives from
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
the princely states also. The representatives of the
53. Consider the following statements: princely states were to be nominated by the rulers
The Government of India Act, 1935 provided for- and not elected. The representatives of British
1. The provincial autonomy India were to be elected. Some were to be
2. The establishment of Federal Court nominated by the Governor-General. There were
3. All India Federation at the centre to be separate electorates for the minority
Which of the statements given above is/are communities, women and the depressed classes.
correct? Bicameral legislatures were introduced in some
provinces also like Bengal, Madras, Bombay,
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
Bihar, Assam and the United Provinces.
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 1,2 and 3
(v) It also provided for establishment of a federal
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2006 court at Delhi for the resolution of disputes
Ans-(d) The Government of India Act, 1935 was passed between provinces and also between the centre
by the British Parliament in August 1935. The and the provinces. It was to have one Chief
provisions of the Act were as follows- Justice and not more than six judges. As per the
(i) The Act provided creation of an All India Act the Indian Council was abolished. The
Federation which consists of British India and Secretary of State for India would instead have a
princely states. team of advisors.
(ii) This Act also divided powers between the centre (vi) This Act introduced direct elections in India for
and the provinces. There were three lists which the first time. About 10% of the whole population
gave the subjects under each government. (i) acquired voting rights. The British Parliament
retained its supremacy over the Indian
Federal List (Centre) (ii) Provincial List
legislatures both provincial and federal.
(Provinces) (iii) Concurrent List (Both).
(vii) This Act also provided reorganization of princely
(iii) The Act gave more autonomy to the provinces. states. Sindh was carved out of Bombay Presidency.
Dyarchy was abolished at the provincial levels. Bihar and Orissa were splitted. Burma was severed
The Governor was the head of the executive. off from India. Aden was also separated from India
There was a Council of Ministers to advise him. and made into a Crown colony.
The ministers were responsible to the provincial (viii) A Federal Railway Authority was set up to
legislatures who controlled them. The legislature control Indian Railways.
could also remove the ministers. The subjects (ix) The Reserve Bank of India (that time Federal
under the Federal List were divided into two: Bank) was established as per this Act.
Reserved and Transferred. The reserved subjects (x) The Act also provided for the establishment of
were controlled by the Governor-General who federal, provincial and joint Public Service
administered them with the help of three Commissions.
Counsellors appointed by him. They were not 54. The Government of India Act, 1935 abolished-
responsible to the legislature. These subjects (a) Provincial autonomy ]
included defence, ecclesiastical affairs (church- (b) Provincial diarchy system
related), external affairs, press, police, taxation,
(c) Federal structure of India
justice, power resources and tribal affairs. The
(d) Responsible Central Government
transferred subjects were administered by the
Governor-General with his Council of Ministers BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
(not more than 10). The Council had to act in Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 267 YCT
55. The Public Service Commission in India was 59. Who among the following said about the Act of
established by an Act was- 1935 'a car which has brake but no engine'?
(a) Indian Council Act, 1892 (a) Jawaharlal Nehru (b) C. Rajagopalachari
(c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) S. C. Bose
(b) Council Act, 1909
66th BPSC 2020(pre)
(c) Government of India Act, 1919
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007
(d) Government of India Act, 1935
Ans-(a) The Government of India Act, 1935 came into
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2008
force on August 4, 1935. The safeguards and the special
Ans-(c) Montague-Chelmsford Report (Government of powers vested in the Governor General was something
India Act, 1919) recommended to conduct the civil like a “Charter of Slavery” as mentioned by Jawaharlal
service examination simultaneously in India and Nehru. He compared it with a “machine with all brakes
England. but no engine”. Similarly Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya
56. By which of the following Acts was the India said “the Act is somewhat democratic in its appearance
Council abolished? but completely hollow from inside”. Jinnah commented
(a) Morley Minto Reform 1909 it as “thoroughly rotten, fundamentally bad and totally
(b) The Government of India Act 1919 unacceptable”. Dr. Rajendra Prasad commented: “It will
be a kind of federation in which unabashed autocracy
(c) The Government of India Act 1935
will sit entrenched in one third of India and peep in now
(d) The Indian Independence Act 1947 and then to strangle the popular will in the remaining
UPPSC RO/ARO (Re-exam) 2016 two thirds”.
Ans. (c) : Kindly refer the explanation of above 60. Who amongst the following had called the
question. Government of India Act, 1935 as the “Charter
57. Consider the following statements: of Slavery”?
Some of the main features of the Government of (a) Jawaharlal Nehru
India Act, 1935 were- (b) M. A. Jinnah
1. Abolition of diarchy in the Governor's (c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
provinces (d) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
2. Power of the Governors to veto Legislative UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Pre) G.S. 2010
Action and to Legislate on their own
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
3. Abolition of the principle of communal
representation 61. Which among the following Act was called
“Charter of Slavery” by Jawaharlal Nehru?
Which of these statements given above is/are
(a) Government of India Act, 1919
correct?
(b) Government of India Act, 1935
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2
(c) Regulating Act, 1773
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3
(d) Pitt’s India Act, 1784
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2004
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2004-05
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
58. These were included in prime elements of the 62. The real intention of the British to include the
Government of India Act, 1935- princely states in the Federal Union proposed by
1. Provision of Federation the India Act of 1935 was to–
2. Provincial Autonomy (a) exercise more and direct political and
administrative control over the princely states
3. Introduction of Dyarchy in Provinces
(b) involve the princes actively in the
4. The authorization of Federal Legislature administration of the colony
Select the correct answer by using code structure (c) finally effect the complete political and
given below: administrative take-over of all the princely
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 3 states by the British
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 3 and 4 (d) use the princely states to counter-balance the
anti-imperialist doctrines of the nationalist
UP Lower (Pre) 1998 leaders
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. IAS (Pre) G.S. 2002
History of Modern India 268 YCT
Ans. (d) The real intention of the British to include the Code:
Princely States in the Federal Union proposed by the A B C D
Government of India Act, 1935 was to use princes to
counter-balance the anti-imperialist doctrines of the (a) 1 2 3 4
nationalist leaders. (b) 4 3 2 1
63. Which of the following is not true about (c) 2 1 4 3
Government of India Act, 1935? (d) 3 4 1 2
(a) Establishment of a responsible government in Uttarakhand UDA (Pre) 2003
states. Ans-(b) The correct match is as follows-
(b) Starting the Bicameral Legislature in Bengal. The Regulating Act, 1773 - Establishment of
(c) Communal electoral system abolished. Supreme Court
(d) It was compulsory for the states to join the Indian Council Act, 1909 - Introduction of
Federation. Communal Electorate
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11 Government of India Act, 1919 - Introduction of
Ans-(c) As per the Government of India Act, 1935 a Dyarchy
responsible government was to be established in the Government of India Act, 1935 - Provision for
states and a bicameral legislature in Bengal, Assam, Autonomy of
Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Madras was to be established. Provinces
It also provided provision for an All India Federation 66. Match List I (Acts of Colonial Government of
with British India territories and princely states in which India) with List II (Provisions) and select the
it was compulsory for the states to join the Federation. correct answer using the codes given below the
64. The Chairman of the Joint Parliamentary lists:
Committee formed under the Bill of 1935, which
List I List II
resulted in the formation of Government of India
Act, 1935- (Acts of colonial (Provisions)
(a) Lord Linlithgow (b) James McDonald government of
(c) Winston Churchill (d) Clement Attlee India)
BPSC (Pre) 2003-04 A. Charter Act, 1. Set up a Board of Control in
1813 Britain to fully regulate the
Ans-(a) Lord Linlithgow chaired the Joint
east India Company’s affairs
Parliamentary Committee which resulted in the in India
formation of Government of India Act, 1935. The Act
provided for an All-India Federation comprising the B. Regulating Act 2. Company’s trade monopoly
British Indian Provinces and the Indian States. The Act in India was ended
of 1935 abolished dyarchy at the Provincial level and C. Act of 1858 3. The power to govern was
introduced it at the Centre. transferred from the East
India Company to the British
65. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
Crown
answer using code given below the lists:
List-I List-II D. Pitt’s India Act 4. The Company’s directors
were asked to present to the
A. The Regulating Act, 1773 1. Provision for British government all
Autonomy of correspondence and
Provinces documents pertaining to the
B. Indian Council Act, 1909 2. Introduction of administration of the
Dyarchy company
C. Government of India 3. Introduction Codes:
A B C D
Act, 1919 of Communal
(a) 2 4 3 1
Electorate (b) 1 3 4 2
D. Government of India 4. Establishment (c) 2 3 4 1
Act, 1935 of Supreme (d) 1 4 3 2
Court IAS (Pre) G.S. 2002

History of Modern India 269 YCT

Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows– Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows-
List I List II List I List II
(Acts of colonial (Provisions) Governor General of Charles Cornwallis,
government of Presidency of Fort William in 2nd Earl and first
Bengal (under Regulating Marques of Cornwallis
India) Act, 1773)
Charter Act, 1813 Company’s trade monopoly in Governor General of India James Andrew Broun-
India was ended (under Charter Act, 1833) Ramsay, Earl and
Regulating Act, The Company’s directors were Marques of Dalhousie
1773 asked to present to the British Governor General and Gilbert John Elliot -
government all correspondence Viceroy of India (under Murray - Kynynmond,
and documents pertaining to the Indian Councils Act, 1858) Earl of Minto
administration of the company Governor General and Crown Archibald Percival
Representative (under Wavell, Viscount and
Act of 1858 The power to govern was Government of India Act. Earl Wavell
transferred from the East India 1935)
Company to the British Crown
68. Match List I with List II and select the correct
Pitt’s India Act, Set up a Board of Control in answer by using the codes given below the lists:
1784 Britain to fully regulate the East List-I List-II
India Company’s affairs in India A. Indian Council Act, 1909 1. Introduction
of dyarchy
67. Match List I with List II and select the correct
system
answer by using the codes given below the lists :
B. Indian Governance Act, 1935 2. 1916
List I List II C. Lucknow Pact 3. Lord Minto
A. Governor General of 1. Archibald Percival D. Indian Governance Act, 1919 4. Provincial
Presidency of Fort William in Wavell, Viscount Autonomy
Bengal (under Regulating and Earl Wavell Code:
Act, 1773) A B C D
B. Governor General of India 2. James Andrew (a) 1 2 3 4
(under Charter Act, 1833) Broun-Ramsay, Earl (b) 4 3 2 1
and Marquesws of (c) 2 4 1 3
Dalhousie (d) 3 4 2 1
C. Governor General and 3. Charles Cornwallis, UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Mains) 2010
Viceroy of India (under 2nd Earl and first Ans-(d) The correct match of List-I with List-II is as
Indian Councils Act, 1858) Marques of follows-
Cornwallis Indian Council Act, 1909 - Lord Minto
D. Governor General and 4. Gilbert John Elliot - Indian Governance Act, 1935 - Provincial
Crown Representative (under Murray - Autonomy
Government of India Act. Kynynmond, Earl of Lucknow Pact - 1916
1935) Minto Indian Governance Act, 1919 - Introduction of
dyarchy system
5. Louis Mountbatten,
69. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
Earl Mountbatten of answer using codes given below the list-
Burma
List-I List-II
Codes: A. Indian Council 1. On Mountbatten
(a) A -3, B-2, C-4, D-1 Act, 1909 Plan
(b) A-3, B-4, C-1, D-5 B. Government of India 2. On Simon
(c) A-2, B-3, C-4, D-5 Act, 1919 Commission Report
(d) A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1 and on the recomm-
endation of the Joint
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996 Select Committee
History of Modern India 270 YCT
 C. Government of India 3. Montague Ans-(d) The Charter Act of 1833 was passed in the
Chelmsford British Parliament which renewed the East India
Act, 1935 Reforms Company’s charter for another 20 years. This was also
D. Independence 4. On Morley-Minto called the Government of India Act 1833 or the Saint
Act, 1947 Reforms Helena Act 1833. As per the provisions of this Act, the
Code: Governor-General of Bengal was re-designated as the
Governor-General of India. This made Lord William
A B C D
Bentinck the first Governor-General of India. All
(a) 1 2 3 4
financial and administrative powers were centralized in
(b) 4 3 2 1 the hands of Governor General-in-Council. The number
(c) 3 4 1 2 of the members of the Governor General’s council was
(d) 4 1 2 3 again fixed to 4, which had been reduced by the Pitt’s
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2009 India Act 1784. However, certain limits were imposed
Ans-(b) The correct match is as follows- on the functioning of the 4th member. For example, the
Indian Council Act, 1909 - On Morley-Minto Reforms 4th member was not entitled to act as a member of the
Government of India - On Montagu-Chelmsford council except for legislative purposes. For the first, this
fourth member of the council was Lord Macaulay.
Act, 1919 Reforms
India’s first law commission was set up under Charter
Government of India - On Simon Commission
Act of 1833 and Lord Macaulay was made its
Act, 1935 Report and on the Chairman. The Indian Councils Act 1909 empowered
recommendation of the
the viceroy to nominate one Indian member to the
Joint Select Committee
executive council leading to the appointment of
Independence Act, 1947 - On Mountbatten Plan Satyendra Prasad Sinha as the Indian member.
70. By which Act British Government abolished the
72. Which Act for the first time made it possible for
monopoly of East India Company on trading of
Indians to take some share in the administration
tea and sugar?
of their country?
(a) Regulating Act, 1773
(a) Charter Act, 1833
(b) Pitt’s India Act, 1784
(c) Charter Act, 1813 (b) Charter Act, 1853
(d) Charter Act, 1833 (c) Government of India Act, 1858
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2013 (d) Indian Councils Act, 1861
Ans-(*) The Charter Act, 1833 abolished the British UPPCS (Pre) G.S.2012
East India Company’s authority to trade with China and
trading of tea. If ‘trading of tea and trading with China’ Ans-(a) The Charter Act of 1833 was the first Act that
would be mentioned in the question instead of ‘tea and gave permission for Indians to have a share in the
sugar’ then option (d) would be correct answer. country’s administration. It stated that merit should be
However Madhya Pradesh Public Service Commission the basis of employment to government service and not
had marked this question as incorrect and provided birth, colour, religion or race.
bonus mark for this. 73. Which Act provisioned competitive exam system
71. Which one of the following provisions was NOT for Civil Services?
made in the Charter Act of 1833? (a) 1833 (b) 1853
(a) The trading Authority of the East India (c) 1858 (d) 1882
Company were to be abolished BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2003-04
(b) The designation of the supreme authority was to
be changed as the Governor-General of India in Ans-(b) The Charter Act 1853 was passed when Lord
Council Dalhousie was the Governor-General of India. It
(c) All law-making powers to be conferred on introduced an open competition system of selection and
Governor-General in Council recruitment of civil servants. The covenanted civil
(d) An Indian was to be appointed as a Law service was thus thrown open to the Indians also.
Member in the Governor-General’s Council Accordingly, the Macaulay Committee (the Committee
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003 on the Indian Civil Service) was appointed in 1854.
History of Modern India 271 YCT
74. Which among the following had recommended to (a) Formation of Muslim League in 1906
conduct the Civil Service Examination (b) Partition of Bengal in 1905
simultaneously in India and England? (c) Gandhi’s support to Khilafat Movement
(a) Aitchison Commission (d) Reservation of separate electorate areas and
(b) Hobhouse Commission places for Muslims in the Legislative
(c) Montague-Chelmsford Report Assemblies
(d) Lord Cornwallis UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2003
UP UDA/LDA Spl. (M) 2010 UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2004
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(d) The Indian Councils Act commonly known as
Morley-Minto Reforms passed by the British Parliament
75. When did Queen Victoria announce to take over
in 1909 provided separate electorate for Muslims in
the control of Indian administration under
Legislative Assemblies. This was for the first time that,
British Government?
the seats in the legislative bodies were reserved on the
(a) 1 November, 1858 (b) 31 December, 1857 basis of religion for Muslims. Separate constituencies
(c) 6 January, 1958 (d) 17 November, 1859 were marked for the Muslims and only Muslim
BPSC (Pre) 2007-08 community members were given the right to elect their
Ans-(a) The various changes introduced in India were representatives. The separate electorate for Muslims had
formally announced in India by a Proclamation of a long lasting impact on India’s polity. It recognized the
Queen Victoria on November 1, 1858. The Muslim community as a separate section of the India
proclamation was issued by Queen Victoria and was and triggered the cancer of Hindu-Muslim disharmony
read out by Lord Canning, (the last Governor-General which ultimately culminated in the partition. Under the
and the first Viceroy of India) at Allahabad. The separate electorates, Muslims could vote exclusively for
Government of India Act, 1858 provided to take over the Muslim candidates in constituencies specially reserved
the control of Indian administration directly in the hands for them. The idea was to establish that the political,
of Queen Victoria. economic and cultural interests of the Hindus and Muslims
were distinct. The unity between Hindus and Muslims is a
76. Which of the following Acts transferred the power
illusion and this Act sowed the seeds of the Communalism.
of Government of India from East India
This incident sowed the seeds of difference and ultimately
Company to the Crown?
partitioned the country.
(a) Government of India Act 1858
80. Indian Councils Act of 1909 introduced the
(b) Indian Councils Act 1861 system of-
(c) Royal Titles Act 1876 (a) Dyarchy System
(d) Indian Councils Act 1892 (b) Communal Representative
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007 (c) Federal System
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (d) Provincial Autonomy
77. Queen Victoria was declared empress of India in- UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996
(a) 1858 (b) 1876 Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) 1877 (d) 1885 81. Morley-Minto Reform bill was passed in-
(a) 1905 (b) 1909
BPSC (Pre) 1992-93
(c) 1911 (d) 1920
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994
78. Queen Victoria's Proclamation was read out by Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Lord Canning on 1st November, 1858 at-
82. Which of the following Governor General first
(a) Allahabad (b) Calcutta used the system of separate electorate to win
(c) Bombay (d) Madras Muslims and to convert them against the
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2009 Congress?
(a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Irwin
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) Lord Hardinge (d) Lord Minto
79. During the period of National Movement, the
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1997
incident which sowed the seeds of difference and
ultimately partitioned the country was- Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.

History of Modern India 272 YCT

83. The Montagu-Chelmsford Proposals were related (iii) The Governor-General was also given the power
to- to make rules and regulations for the conduct of
(a) social reforms the business of the Executive Council i.e. he was
(b) educational reforms accorded authority to enact rules deemed fit by
him.
(c) reforms in police administration
(iv) The Governor-General had the right of increasing
(d) constitutional reforms
the strength of the Council by adding not less than
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2016 6 and not more than 12 members. They were to be
Ans-(d) The Government of India Act, 1919 also nominated by him for purposes of legislation. Half
known as Montagu-Chelmsford Reform was passed to of the additional members were to be non-officials
expand participation of Indians in the government of and were to hold office for two years.
India. The Act embodied the reforms recommended by (v) The Governor-General also had the power to
Edwin Montagu, and the Viceroy, Lord Chelmsford promulgate ordinances without the council’s
(Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms). The Act encompossed concurrence during emergencies. The power of
ten years period from 1919 to 1929. ordinance given to the governor-general gave him
84. Who was the Prime Minister of England when absolute powers.
the Montagu-Chelmsford Act was passed in (vi) It restored the legislative powers of the Governor-
1919? in-Councils of the Presidencies of Madras and
(a) Lloyd George Bombay (which was taken away by the Charter
(b) George Hamilton Act of 1833). The legislative council of Calcutta
had extensive power to pass laws for the whole of
(c) Sir Samuel Hoare
British India.
(b) Lord Salisbury
(vii) The Act empowered the Governor-General to
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
delegate special task to individual members of the
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017 Executive council and hence all members have
Ans-(a) David Lloyd George was the Prime Minister of their own portfolio and deal with their own
England when the Montagu-Chelmsford Act was passed initiative with all but the most important matters.
in 1919. This was the first beginning of Portfolio system in
85. Which of the following Acts gave the power to India.
Governor General of India to issue the 86. Which of the following Acts gave the Indians a
Ordinance? share in the administration of their own
(a) Charter Act - 1833 country for the first time?
(b) Indian Council Act - 1861 (a) Charter Act, 1833
(c) Indian Council Act - 1892 (b) Charter Act, 1835
(d) Indian Council Act - 1909 (c) Indian Councils Act 1861
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1997, 2003 (d) Morley Minto Reforms, 1909
Ans-(b) The Indian Councils Act 1861 was an Act of Himachal PSC (Pre) 2019
the British Parliament that made significant changes in Ans. (c) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
the Governor-General’s Council. The provisions of this question.
Act were as follows- 87. Which one of the following Acts of British India
(i) It provided for expansion of Executive Council strengthened the Viceroy’s authority over his
and the number of its members was raised from 4 executive council by substituting “portfolio” or
to 5 and its nomenclature was changed to Imperial departmental system for corporate functioning?
Legislative Council. Under the provisions, the (a) Indian Council Act, 1861
place of its fifth member was reserved for a law (b) Government of India Act, 1858
qualified person.
(c) Indian Councils Act, 1892
(ii) Apart from this, the Act authorized the Governor-
(d) Indian Councils Act, 1909
General to nominate a President who was to
preside over the meetings of the Executive IAS (Pre) G.S. 2002
Council in his absence. Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.

History of Modern India 273 YCT

88. The system of indirect election was introduced in laws, traditional institutions, the regulations
India in the year- of Permanent Settlement and the British laws. The aim
of the Cornwallis Code was to introduce an institutional
(a) 1861 (b) 1892
code of law and an administrative system suitable for
(c) 1909 (c) 1919 British colonial state. On May 1, 1793, Cornwallis
UP Lower (Pre) 2009 announced this Code.
Ans-(b) Indian Councils Act, 1892 was passed by the 91. Which of the following Acts for the first time
British Parliament to increase the size of the Legislative created a functioning Legislature Council in
Councils. This Act marks the beginning of India?
representative form of Government in India. The Act of (a) Charter Act of 1793 (b) Charter Act 1813
1892 can be said to be a first step towards the beginning (c) Charter Act of 1853 (d) Charter Act of 1833
of the representative government in India. However
such representation was via only indirect elections and UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016
there was nothing for a common Indian. The system of Ans-(c) The Charter Act of 1853 marks the expansion
indirect election prevented direct contact between the of the Council of the Governor General for legislative
public and the representatives. The provisions of Act of purposes. The council of legislative purposes which had
1892 were- 6 members now was expanded to 12 members.
(i) A system of indirect elections was introduced to 92. By which of the following Acts, Lord Cornwallis
elect the members of the councils. The got the right to cancel the decisions of his
universities, district board, municipalities, council?
zamindars and chambers of commerce were (a) Regulating Act (b) Act of 1786
empowered to recommend members to provincial (c) Charter Act of 1793 (d) Charter Act of 1813
councils.
BPSC (Pre) 2000-01
(ii) The power of the legislative councils was
increased. The members could now discuss the Ans-(b) By Act of 1786, Lord Cornwallis got the right
budget without right to vote on it. They were also to cancel the decisions of his council. In 1786, Lord
not allowed to ask supplementary questions. Cornwallis was appointed as Governor-General and
(iii) Governor General was empowered to fill the seat commander in chief in India. The Act of 1786 was
in the case of Central legislature and by the enacted to give him the power of working as both
Governor in the case of provincial legislature. Governor General and Commander in Chief. Thus via
Act of 1786, Cornwallis became the first effective ruler
89. By which of the following Acts, the British for of British India under the authority of Board of Control
the first time introduced the system of indirect and the Court of Directors.
election of India?
93. The most short-lived of all of Britain’s
(a) 1909 (b) 1861
constitutional experiments in India was the-
(c) 1867 (d) 1892 (a) Indian Councils Act of 1861
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016 (b) Indian Councils Act of 1892
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (c) Indian Councils Act of 1909
90. The significance of the Bengal Regulation of 1793 (d) Government of India Act of 1919
lies in the fact that-
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999
(a) it provided for the establishment of the Supreme
Ans-(c) The Indian Councils Act of 1909 was the most
Court
short-lived of all of Britain’s Constitutional experiments
(b) it restricted the application of English law to in India. It worked for a short tenure of 10 years only.
Englishmen only The main feature of this Act was to give rise to
(c) it accommodated the personal laws of Hindus communalism. The first statutory recognition of
and Muslims separate electorates for Muslims was contained in the
Act of 1909.
(d) it provided for the appointment of the Indian
94. In India, the first municipal corporation was set
Law Commission
up in which one among the following?
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1994 (a) Calcutta (b) Madras
Ans-(c) Lord Cornwallis, the then British Governor (c) Bombay (d) Delhi
General of India, introduced 48 regulations in 1793
which are generally known as the Cornwallis Code or IAS (Pre) G.S. 2009
Bengal Regulation. This Code originated from a number Ans-(b) The first municipal corporation was set up in
of earlier regulations, viz, the orders and regulations India in 1688 at Madras followed by the Bombay and
introduced between 1772 and 1790, Hindu and Muslim Calcutta Municipal Corporations in 1726.
History of Modern India 274 YCT
95. Who among the following took over the post of (c) It changed the power of vote in the Court of
President of the Central Legislative Assembly of Proprietors by removing all restrictions on
the British era and the Parliament of qualifications.
Independent India? (d) The Governor-General was vested with a
(a) Sir Abdur Rahim (b) G.V. Mavlankar casting vote.
(c) Anant Shayanam Aiyangar UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2014
(d) Vitthal Bhai Patel
Ans-(c) The Regulating Act was passed in the British
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2010 Parliament in June 1773. It was the first parliamentary
Ans-(b) G. V. Mavalankar served the post of President ratification and authorization defining the powers and
of Central Legislative Assembly of the British era and authority of the East India Company with respect to its
the Parliament of Independent India. He served the post Indian possessions. The provisions of Regulating Act
from 1952 to 1956. G. V. Mavalankar followed of 1773 were as follows-
President Sir Abdur Rahim to the Chair in 1946. He
occupied the chair during the entire transitional period. (i) It introduced parliamentary supervision over the
Mavalankar defeated his rival candidate, Government East India Company.
nominee by 66 votes to 63. He was also the Presiding (ii) It designated the Governor-General of Bengal and
Officer of Constituent Assembly of India from 1947-49, created an Executive Council of four members to
then Provisional Parliament of 1950-52, and the House assist him. Lord Warren Hastings was the first
of the People, 1952-56. Mr. G. V. Mavalankar was Governor-General of Bengal and Governors of
conferred the unique honour of Speakership of Lok Bombay and Madras presidencies subordinate to
Sabha after the elections of 1952 and he held on to the the Governor-General of Bengal.
position as the Speaker up to 1956.
(iii) The Governor General was vested with a casting
96. Consider the following statements about the
vote.
Morley Minto reforms of 1909-
1. They were named after the British 98. By which Act Bihar became a separate state?
Parliamentarians, Minto and Morley. (a) Government of India Act, 1935
2. They provided for limited self government by (b) Government of India Act, 1919
increasing the number of elected Indians in (c) Indian Councils Act, 1909
the Legislative Councils.
(d) Indian Independence Act, 1947
3. They contained provisions that ensured that
British officials retained their majority in the (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Imperial Legislative Council. BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
Which of the statements given above is/are Ans-(a) When it got separated from the Bengal
correct? Presidency in 1912, Bihar and Orissa comprised a
(a) Only 1 (b) 2 and 3 single province. Later, under the Government of India
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 Act of 1935, the division of Orissa became a separate
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2016 province and the province of Bihar came into being as
Ans-(b) The Indian Councils Act 1909 or Morley- an administrative unit of British India. After
Minto Reforms was passed by British Parliament in Independence in 1947, the State of Bihar, with the same
1909 in an attempt to widen the scope of legislative geographic boundary, formed a part of the Republic of
councils, placate the demands of moderates in Indian India, until 1956. At that time, an area in the south-east,
National Congress and to increase the participation of predominantly the district of Purulia, was separated and
Indians in the governance. This Act got royal assent on incorporated into West Bengal as part of the linguistic
25 May 1909. Lord Morley was Secretary of State of reorganization of Indian States.
India in England and Lord Minto was the Viceroy of 99. Which of the following was/were the outcome
India. The Act introduced separate and discriminatory of the Charter Act of 1813? Choose the right
electorate. The Act contained provisions that ensured option from the codes:
that British officials retained their majority in the
1. It closed the British markets for industrial
Imperial Legislative Council.
goods produced in India
97. Which one among the following was not a
2. India was made a dumping ground for
provision of the Regulating Act of 1773?
cheap and machine made goods
(a) It introduced parliamentary supervision over the
East India Company. 3. Indian silk and textiles industries
prospered
(b) The Government of Bengal was vested in a
Governor General and the Council of four 4. Indian goods excluded from other foreign
members. markets

History of Modern India 275 YCT

 Codes: (c) Independence Federation of India
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only (d) Indian Liberal Federation
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 4 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003
Manipur PSC-2013 Ans-(d) The Montagu-Chelmsford Report was a set of
Ans. (d): The Charter Act, 1813 passed by the British recommendations made to the British Parliament in
Parliament renewed the East India Company's Charter 1918 that became the theoretical basis for the
for another 20 years. This is also called the East India Government of India Act, 1919. The Mont-Ford Report,
Company Act, 1813. This act is important in that it 1918, proved to be the apple of discord between the
defined for the first time the constitutional position of Moderates and the Extremists, The Moderates accepted
British Indian territories. The Charter Act 1813 the proposed reforms but demanded some alterations
terminated the monopoly of the British East India while the Extremists outrightly refused to accept them.
Company over the Commercial trade in India. However The Extremists unambiguously made it clear to E.S,
the company's monopoly in trade with China and trade Montagu that they were not going to accept the new
in tea with India was kept intact and were renewed for Reforms. On the request of Pt. Madan Mohan Malvilya
the next twenty years. Thus, trade with India for all a joint conference of the All India Congress Committee,
commodities except Tea was thrown open to all British the Council of the Muslim League and some liberal
Subjects. leaders was convened on August 28, 1918 to effect a
• The Charter Act of 1813 brought about an immense compromise between the parties. However, the Liberals
change in the educational sector. It was the turning did not turn up. The Liberals held an All-India
point of the education system. Conference of their party at Bombay on 1st and 2nd
• It laid the foundation for the western education November, 1918. The National Liberal Federation was
system and culture. formed just after Mr. Montagu left for England. The
Moderates (now Liberals) went out of the Congress,
100. Consider the following statements with never to come back to it again. At the suggestion of
reference to Queen Victoria's Proclamations of Sivaswami Iyer at the second session of the All India
1858 and choose the correct option from the
Moderate Conference held in Calcutta in 1919, the
codes below:
name 'National Liberals was substituted for 'Moderates'
(a) The British government would not interfere and their organization came to be known as the National
with the various modes of religious worship Liberal Federation. It kept working indirectly under
(b) No further conquest over the territories of Indian National Congress.
native princes
102. In the Government of India Act 1919, the
(c) All adult native males would have to serve in functions of Provincial Government were divided
the British army for a specified period into "Reserved" and "Transferred" subjects.
(d) No discrimination in appointment to the Which of the following were treated as
public services "Reserved" subjects ?
Codes: 1. Administration of Justice
A. Only 1 and 2 B. 1, 2 and 3 2. Local Self-Government
C. 1, 2 and 4 D. Only 2 and 4 3. Land Revenue
Manipur PSC-2013 4. Police
Ans. (c): Queen Victoria's Proclamations of 1858 aimed Select the correct answer using the code given below
at ending the rule of the company and transferring all (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4
the powers to the British Crown after the 1857 revolt.
Queen Victoria's declared in her proclamation that the (c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2 and 4
welfare of Indian citizens would be of primary concern UPSC (Pre)-2022, Paper -1
of the British government. It also promised not to Ans. (d): Subjects were grouped into two sets as per
indulge in any territorial expansion and also non- government of India act 1919.
interference in religious and social affairs of the natives
and assured that no discrimination in appointment to the • Reserved Subjects: Land revenue, administration of
public services will be made. Justice, police, finance, irrigation to be administered
by governor through his executive council of
101.When Congress leaders condemned Montague- bureaucrates.
Chelmsford Report, many moderates left the
party to form the- • Transferred subjects: Education, health, local self
government, industry, agriculture to be administered
(a) Swaraj Party
by ministers nominated from among the elected
(b) Indian Freedom Party members of legislative council.
History of Modern India 276 YCT

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44.
Important Institutions and Their
Founders in Modern India
1. Who established the 'Servants of India Society? 5. First Irrigation Commission in India was
(a) Lala Lajpat Rai formed in the year
(b) Bipin Chandra Pal (a) 1906 (b) 1889
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale (c) 1901 (d) 1900
(d) Bhagat Singh UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above Ans. (c) : First Irrigation Commission in India was
65th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019 formed, in 1901 AD, in the period of Lord Curzon. This
commission was formed under the leadership of Sir
Ans-(c) The 'Servants of India Society' was established Colin Scott Moncrieff. This commission advised first
by Gopal Krishna Gokhale at Pune (Maharashtra) on recommendations in 1903 AD.
June 12, 1905. It was aimed to train the youngsters to
serve public. 6. The biggest role in Integrating the Princely
2. In 1918, the United Provinces Kisan Sabha was States into the Indian Union was played by
formed by which of the following leaders? (a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(a) Indra Narayan Dwivedi (b) Rajagopalachari
(b) Swami Sahjanand (c) Mountbatten
(c) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru (d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(d) Baba Ramchandra Mizoram PSC (Pre) 2023
UPPCS (Pre) 2023 Ans. (d) : The biggest role in integrating the princely
Ans. (a) : In 1918, the United Provinces Kisan Sabha states into the Indian Union was played by Sardar
was formed in Lucknow by Gauri Shankar Mishra, Vallabhabhai Patel. Sardar Vallabhabhai Patel was the
Indra Narayan Dwivedi and Madan Mohan Malviya. political head of the states department, which was in
charge of relations with the princely states.
3. Who was the founder of Servants of India
Society? 7. Match the following with the year they were
(a) M. G. Ranade (b) Anant Patvardhan formulated :
(c) G. K. Gokhale (d) B. G. Tilak a. Famine Code I. 1881
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2016 b. Vernacular Press Act II. 1878
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1993, 2006 c. Charles Wood's III. 1883
Ans-(c) The Servants of India Society was founded by Despatch on Education
Gopal Krishna Gokhale in 1905 to prepare propagators d. 1st Factory Act IV. 1854
for service of India and to promote true interest of Choose the correct answer using the codes
Indian people in constitutional ways. The distinguished given below :
members of the society were- M. C. Shitalvad, Alladi A B C D
Krishna Swami and B.N Rao. Some famous
propagators of Servants of India Society were- G. K. (a) III IV II I
Devdhar, Pandit Hridaya Nath Kunzru, V. Srinivas (b) I II IV III
Shastri, N. M. Joshi etc. (c) IV III I II
4. M.C. Setalvad, B.N. Rao and Alladi (d) III II IV I
Krishnaswamy Iyer were distinguished
APPSC (Pre) 2023
members of the-
(a) Swaraj Party Ans. (d) : The correct match is as follows -
(b) All India National Liberal Federation Famine Code 1883
(c) Madras Labour Union Vernacular Press Act 1878
(d) Servants of India Society Charles Wood's Despatch on Education 1854
st
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1997 1 Factory Act 1881
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Thus, option (d) is the correct answer.
History of Modern India 277 YCT
8. Match List I and List II and select the correct Chandrashekhar Azad - Hindustan Socialist
answer using the codes given below the Lists: Republican Party
List I List II Vinayak Damodar - Abhinav Bharat Samaj
(A) Resignation of Congress 1. 1943 Savarkar
Ministries 11. Indian Independence League was established
by:
(B) Neil Statue Satyagraha 2. 1942
(a) Gopalakrishna Gokhale
(C) Quit India Resolution 3. 1927 (b) Subhash Chandra Bose
(D) Provincial Government of 4. 1939 (c) Tilak
Free India (d) Rash Behari Bose
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018
(A) (B) (C) (D) Ans. (d): Indian Independence League was established
(a) 4 3 1 2 by Rash Behari Bose. Indian Independence League was
(b) 2 1 4 3 a political organization which operated from the 1920s
to the 1940s to organize those living outside India into
(c) 4 3 2 1 seeking the removal of British colonial rule over India
(d) 4 1 2 3
12. Who was the founder of the Asiatic Society of
(e) Answer not known Bengal?
TNPSC (Pre) 2022 (a) Annie Besant (b) William Bentick
Ans. (c) The correct match is as follows :- (c) Ram Mohan Roy (d) Sir William
List-I List-II Jones
Resignation of Congress Ministries - 1939 NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018
Neil Statue Satyagraha - 1927 Ans. (d): Sir William Jones was the founder of the
Quit India Resolution - 1942 Asiatic Society of Bengal. It was founded on 15
January, 1784. Rajendra Lal Mitra was the first Indian
Provincial Government of free India- 1943
president of Asiatic Society in 1885. In 1936, the
9. Which of the following is not correctly Asiatic Society renamed as Asiatic Society of Bengal
matched? but it again changed as the Royal Asiatic Society of
(a) All India Kisan Sabha- Mahatma Gandhi Bengal.
(b) Atmiya Sabha - Raja Ram Mohan Roy 13. In which of the following year the Asiatic Society
(c) Forward Bloc - Subhas Chandra Bose of Bengal was established?
(d) Ram Krishana Mission - Swami Vivekananda (a) 1757 (b) 1784
Sikkim PSC (Pre) 2022 (c) 1835 (d) 1857
Ans.. (a) : All India Kishan Sabha was founded by Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2013
Sahajanand Saraswati (not by Mahatma Gandhi) in Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
1936. Hence, pair (a) is not correctly matched, while 14. The Asiatic Society in Calcutta was established
rest pair are correctly matched. in
10. Which one of the following pairs is correctly (a) 1784 (b) 1800
matched? (c) 1857 (d) 1919
(a) Ganesh Damodar - Naujawan Bharat UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
Savarkar Sabha Ans: (a) Kindly refer the explanation of above
(b) Sardar Ajit Singh - Bharat Mata Society question.
(c) G.S. Arundale -Hindustan Socialist 15. Given below are two statements, one is labelled
Republican Party as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R)
Assertion (A) The Asiatic Society of Bengal was
(d) Bhupendra Nath Dutt -Abhinav Bharat established in the period of Warren Hastings and
Samaj he modestly declined the offer of Presidentship of
UPPSC ACF Mains 2021 Paper-I that learned body in favour of Sir William Jones.
Ans. (b) : The correct match is as follows- Reason (R) : Warren Hastings was himself a
great scholar and an ardent orientalist who used to
Sardar Ajit Singh - Bharat Mata Society
encourage the study of Sanskrit, Persian and
Bhagat Singh - Naujawan Bharat Sabha Arabic.

History of Modern India 278 YCT

 Select the correct answer from the codes given 20. Which of the following is NOT correctly
below: matched?
Codes:
Organisation Person
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
correct explanation of (A) (a) Young Bengal – Henry Vivian
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not he Movement Derozio
correct explanation of (A)
(b) Bahishkrit Hitkarini – Jyotiba Phule
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false Sabha
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true
(c) Theosophical – Colonel Olcott
UPPCS (Pre) 2019
Society
Ans (b) : In 1784, Sir William Jones established
Asiatic Society in Bengal during the tenure of Warren (d) United Indian – Syed Ahmed
Hastings. Hastings refused to accept the offer of the Pariotic Association Khan
presidentship of Asiatic Society in favour of Sir
William Jones. Hence assertion is correct. Warren UPPSC RO/ARO (Re-exam) 2016
Hastings (1773-1785) as the Governor General of India, Ans. (b) : The correct match is as follows-
was himself a great scholar and an ardent orientalist Young Bengal Movement Henry Vivian Derozio
who used to encourage the study of Sanskrit, Persian
and Arabic. Hence reason is also correct but reason Bahishkrit Hitkarini Sabha Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar
does not explain assertion. Theosophical Society Colonel Olcott
16. The founder of Asiatic Society of Bengal was- United Indian Patriotic Syed Ahmed Khan
(a) James Prinsep Association
(b) Sir James Mackintosh
21. Math the List–I with List–II and select the
(c) Sir William Jones correct answer using codes given below:
(d) Warren Hastings
List–I List–II
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. A. Indian 1. Anand Charlu
17. Who is credited with establishing the Asiatic Association
Society of Bengal? B. Poona Sarvjanik 2. Surendra Nath
(a) Sir William Jones Sabha Banerji
(b) Warren Hastings
C. Bombay 3. Mahadev Govind
(c) Sir James Mackintosh
Presidency Ranade
(d) James Prinsep
Association
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2003
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. D. Madras Mahajan 4. Pherozshah
Sabha Mehta
18. Who founded Asiatic Society in Calcutta in 1784?
(a) Jonathan Duncan (b) William Jones Codes:
(c) Warren Hastings (d) Charles Grant A B C D
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017 (a) 2 3 4 1
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (b) 2 4 3 1
19. Radical Democratic Party was organised by: (c) 3 2 4 1
(a) Tilak (b) M.N. Roy (d) 3 4 2 1
(c) Jayaprakash Narayan (d) R.M. Lohia
UPPSC RO/ARO (Re-exam) 2016
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018
Ans. (a) : The correct match is as follows-
Ans. (b): A communist international leader M.N. Roy
founded Radical Democratic Party in 1940 with the Indian Association Surendra Nath Banerji
purpose of engaging India in the war to support the Poona Sarvjanik Sabha Mahadev Govind Ranade
Allies. It developed from the League of Radical Bombay Presidency Pherozshah Mehta
Congressman which was founded in 1939.
Association
Radical Democratic Party was dissolved in 1948, to
give place to Radical Humanist Movement. Madras Mahajan Sabha Anand Charlu
History of Modern India 279 YCT
22. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct 25. Consider the following pairs:
answer using the codes given below: (a) All India Anti-Untouchability league/ Mahatma
List-I List-II Gandhi
(Person) (Association formed) (b) All India Kisan Sabha/ Swami Sahajanand
A. Surendra Nath 1. Poona Sarvajanik Saraswati
Banerjee Sabha (c) Self-Respect Movement/E.V. Ramaswami
Naicker
B. Justice Ranade 2. Madras Mahajan
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly
Sabha
matched?
C. Pheroz Shah Mehta 3. Indian Association (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
D. G. Subramania Iyer 4. Bombay Presidency (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
Association IAS (Pre) 2019
Codes: Ans-(d) The correct match is as follows-
A B C D Movement/Organization Leader Established
(a) 2 4 3 1 (Year)
(b) 3 1 4 2 All India Anti Untouchability Mahatma Gandhi 1932
(c) 1 3 4 2 League
(d) 3 4 2 1 All India Kisan Sabha Swami Sahajanand 1936
Saraswati
UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
Self Respect Movement E.V. Ramaswamy 1920
Ans: (b) The correct match is as follows :-
Naicker
Person Association formed
26. With reference to Indian National Movement,
Surendra Nath Banerjee Indian Association Consider the following pairs:
Justice Ranade Poona Sarvajanik Sabha 1. Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru/President, All India
Pheroz Shah Mehta Bombay Presidency Liberal Federation
Association 2. K.C. Neogy/ Member, the Constituent Assembly
G. Subramania Iyer Madras Mahajan Sabha 3. P.C. Joshi/General Secretary, Communist Party
23. Rashtriya Swayam Sevak Sangh was of India
established at Which of the pairs given is/are correctly
(a) Nagpur (b) Bombay matched?
(c) Satara (d) Delhi (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018 (c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans: (a) Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh was founded IAS (Pre) 2019
by Dr. Hedgewar at Nagpur on 27th September, on Ans-(d) The correct match is as follows :-
the eve of Vijayadashami in 1925. Keeping a flame Person Position held
the spirit of freedom and endeavouring Sri Tej Bahadur Sapru President (All India
simultaneously to strengthen the cultural roots of the
nation marked the twin features of the character of the Liberal Federation)
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh from the beginning; K.C. Neogy Member (The Constituent
and that has to this day remained its main plank. Assembly)
24. Who established Swaraj Dal in Bihar? P.C. Joshi General Secretary
(a) Shri Krishna Singh (Communist Party of India)
(b) Ramlal Shah 27. Which of the following pairs is not correctly
(c) Bankim Chandra Mitra matched?
(d) Sachindra Nath Sanyal Institution Founder
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above (a) Servants of India Society G.K. Gokhale
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019 (b) Social Service Leauge N.M. Joshi
Ans-(a) Swaraj Party was founded by C.R.Das , Moti (c) Seva Samiti H.N. Kunzru
Lal Nehru in January, 1923. Swaraj Dal was founded in (d) Social Reform Association Shri Ram Bajpai
Patna on January 26, 1923. This branch of Swaraj Party West Bengal PSC (Pre) 2022
was led by the famous leader Shri Krishna Singh. RAS/RTS (Pre) - 2018
History of Modern India 280 YCT
Ans-(d) The correct match is as follows :- 32. Who among the following established the Central
Institution Founder Hindu School at Banaras?
Servants of India society G.K. Gokhale (a) Madan Mohan Malviya
Social Service League N.M. Joshi (b) Annie Besant
Seva Samiti H.N. Kunzru (c) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Social Reform Association Keshab Chandra Sen. (d) Swami Dayanand
28. The East India Association was founded by ........ Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2013
in 1866. Ans-(b) Annie Besant was a famous theosophist, social
(a) Lord Lyveden reformer, political guide, women activist and lecturer.
(b) Raja Radhakanta Dev She had been the president and member of the
(c) Debendranath Tagore Theosophical Society. She founded Central Hindu
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji School at Banaras in 1898. She was also associated
with Indian Independence Movement and founded the
(Haryana PSC Pre 2014) Home Rule League in 1916. She became the first
Ans-(d) The East India Association was founded by women president of Indian National Congress in
Dada Bhai Naoroji in London in 1866. This association Calcutta Session in 1917. She published the newspaper
was intended to make aware the British parliament named, 'New India' and magazine 'Commonweal'.
about the Indian issues and garnering the ground
support for Indians in England. One of its branch was 33. Who founded the All India Depressed Classes
established in 1869 in Bombay. Later on, its other Federation?
branches were started in different parts of India. (a) B.R. Ambedkar
29. The Puna Sarvajanik Sabha was established by (b) Narayan Guru
M.G. Ranade and G.V. Joshi on: (c) Jyotiba Phule
(a) 2nd April 1870 (b) 2nd April 1869 (d) Lala Lajpat Rai
(c) 2nd April 1871 (d) 2nd April 1872 Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2011
Haryana PCS Pre 2017 Ans-(a) Dr. Bhimrao Ambekar was a great lawyer, and
Ans-(a) The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was founded by social reformer. He encouraged the movement for lower
M.G. Ranade and G.V. Joshi on April 2, 1870. Its other class people and organised the social campaigns against
members were M. M. Kunte, Vishnu M Bhide and S. H. social disparities against untouchables. He founded,
Chiplunkar. This sabha was devoted to awake the 'The All India Depressed Class Federation' in 1920.
Indian people to demand for their rights from British
government. 34. Who is the founder of the Arya Samaj?
30. Which of the following pairs is incorrect? (a) Swami Vivekananda
(a) Founding of India House, 1905-Batukeshwar (b) Swami Agnivesh
Dutt (c) Swami Dayanand
(b) Bombing in Central Legislative Assembly, (d) Pandit Vishnu Shastri
1929-Bhagat Singh Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2011
(c) Raiding of Chittagong armoury, 1930-Surya Ans-(c) Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayanand
Sen Saraswati in Bombay in 1875. After sometime its
(d) Shooting of Michael O' Dwyer, 1940-Udham headquarters was established in Lahore. It focused on
Singh the purification of the Hindu religion under which the
Manipur PSC-2013 Hindu people, who had never adopted any religion,
were accepted in Hindu religion again. Its second
Ans. (a): To promote nationalist views among Indian
students in Britain, Shyam Ji Krishna Verma founded movement was for cows. To save cows he started 'Gau
India House in 1905 at London. The organization was Rakshini Sabha'.
among the most prominent centres for revolutionary 35. Match the items in List-I with List-II and select
Indian Nationalism outside India. the correct answer from the codes given below:
31. When did Shyam Ji Krishna Verma establish Institution Founder
'India House' in London? (A) Gopal Krishna Gokhale 1. Indian National
(a) 1901 (b) 1903 Conference
(c) 1905 (d) 1907 (B) Sivanarayan Agnihotri 2. Servants of India
UK RO-ARO (Pre.) 2021 Society
Ans. (c): Kindly refer the explanation of above (C) Mahadev Govind Ranade 3. Dev Samaj
question. (D) Dayanand Saraswati 4. Arya Samaj
History of Modern India 281 YCT
 A B C D Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows -
(a) 4 2 1 3 List-II List-II
(b) 2 3 1 4 British India Society William Adams
(c) 3 2 4 1 Landholders Society Dwarikanath Tagore
(d) 1 2 3 4 Servants of Peoples Society Lala Lajpat Rai
Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2010 Bengal British India George Thomson
Ans-(b) The correct match is as follows :- 39. Who among the following were the founders of
Institution Founder the "Hind Mazdoor Sabha" established in 1948?
Gopal Krishna Gokhale Servants of India Society (a) B. Krishna Pillai, E.M.S. Namboodiripad and
Sivanarayan Agnihotri Dev Samaj K.C. George
Mahadev Govind Ranade Indian National Conference (b) Jayaprakash Narayan, Deen Day al Upadhyay
Dayanand Saraswati Arya Samaj and M.N. Roy
36. Who was the founder of Satyashodhak Samaj? (c) C.P. Ramaswamy Iyer, K. Kamaraj and
Veeresalingam Pantulu
(a) B.G. Tilak
(d) Ashok Mehta, T.S. Ramanujam and G.G.
(b) Jyotiba Phule
Mehta
(c) Narayan Guru
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2018
(d) B.R. Ambedkar
Ans-(d) The Hind Mazdoor Sabha (HMS) is a National
Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2010 Trade Union Centre in India. It was founded in Howrah
Ans-(b) 'Satyashodhak Samaj' was founded by Jyotiba on December 24, 1948 by Socialist Forward Bloc
Phule on September 24, 1873 for the welfare of lower followers and independent unionists. Its founders
class people. Jyotiba Phule emphasized to protect lower included Basawan Singh (Sinha), Ashok Mehta, R. S.
class people from the stereotype Brahmins and their Ruikar, Mani Benkara, Shibnath Benarjee, R. K.
religious book in his book named 'Gulamgiri'. He was Khedgikar, T. S. Ramanujam, V. S. Mathur and G. G.
revered as 'Mahatma'. Mehta. Mr. R. S. Ruikar was elected as the President
37. Where was the headquarters of Ghadar Party and Ashok Mehta as its General Secretary. The HMS
located? absorbed the Indian Federation of Labour and the
(a) New York (b) Los Angeles Socialist Hind Mazdoor Panchayat. The Hind Mazdoor
(c) San Francisco (d) London Sabha was intended to be a third force in Indian trade
unionism, balancing between INTUC on one side and
Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2019
AITUC on the other. INTUC was discarded because it
Ans-(c) 'Ghadar Party' was established by Lala was believed to be under the control of the government
Hardayal Singh on November 1, 1913. Its headquarters and AITUC was rejected because it was controlled by
was in San Francisco, USA. Sohan Singh Bhakna was the Communist Party.
the president of the party and Lala Hardayal was its
founder secretary. Ghadar Party also published a 40. Consider the following pairs:
weekly magazine named 'Ghadar' in various languages 1. Radhakanta Deb – First President of the
like Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, Marathi, English, Gujarati British Indian Association
and Pashtun. 2. Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty – Founder of
38. Match the organisation in List-I with persons the Madras Mahajana Sabha
associated with them given in List-II and select 3. Surendranath Banerjee – Founder of the
the correct answer from the codes given below: Indian Association
List-II List-II Which of the above pairs is/are correctly
(a) British India Society Lala Lajpat Rai matched?
(b) Landholders Society William Adams (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) Servants of Peoples Society George Thomson (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
(d) Bengal British India DwarikanathTagore IAS (Pre) G.S. 2017
(a) (b) (c) (d) Ans-(b) The British Indian Association was established
(a) 2 4 1 3 on October 31, 1851. The first committee of the
association was composed of Raja Radhakanta Deb –
(b) 3 2 1 4
President, Raja Kalikrishna Deb – Vice-President,
(c) 1 2 3 4 Debendranath Tagore – Secretary, Digambar Mitra –
(d) 4 3 1 2 Asst. Secretary. In May 1884, M. Veeraraghavachariar,
Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2010 G. Subramania Iyer and P. Anandacharlu established

History of Modern India 282 YCT

the Madras Mahajana Sabha. Gazulu Lakshminarasu 43. Which among the following pairs is not correctly
Chetty was an Indian merchant, Indian Independence matched?
activist and political activist who founded the Madras (a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy - Brahmo Samaj
Native Association. Indian association was the first
(b) Swami Dayanand Saraswati - Arya Samaj
declared nationalist organization founded in British
India by Surendranath Banerjee and Anand Mohan (c) Swami Vivekananda - Ram Krishna Mission
Bose in 1876 AD. (d) Mahadev Govind Ranade - Theosophical
41. Which among the following pairs is not correctly Society
matched? UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011
(a) Asiatic Society of Bengal - 1784 A.D. Ans-(d) The Theosophical Society was founded by
(b) Asiatic Society of Bombay - 1804 A.D. Madam Helena Petrovna Blavatsky and Colonel Henry
(c) Royal Asiatic Society of - 1813 A.D. Steel Olcott in New York in 1875 AD. In India it was
Great Britain incorporated under the laws of British India on April 3,
1905 with its headquarters at Adyar, Madras. Annie
(d) Land Holders Society of Bengal - 1844 A.D.
Besant became the President of Theosophical Society in
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2015 1907.
Ans-(*) The Asiatic Society founded in 1784 by Sir
44. Who founded ‘Theosophical Society’?
William Jones was a unique institution having served as
a fountainhead of all literary and scientific activity. The (a) Madam H.P. Blavatsky
Asiatic Society of Mumbai (formerly Asiatic Society of (b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Bombay) was founded by Sir James Mackintosh in (c) Mahatma Gandhi
1804 A.D. The Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain (d) Swami Vivekananda
was founded by the eminent Sanskrit scholar, Henry
Thomas Colebrooke, on the March 15, 1823. It received BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2011
its Royal Charter from King George IV on the Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
August 11, 1824 ‘for the investigation of subjects 45. Which among the following is not correctly
connected with and for the encouragement of science, matched?
literature and the arts in relation to Asia‘. The Land
(a) Prarthana Samaj - Dr. Atmaram
Holders Society of Bengal (Zamindari Association) was
founded by Dwarkanath Tagore, Prasanna Kumar Pandurang
Tagore, Radhakant Deb, Ramkamal Sen and Bhawani (b) Atmiya Sabha - Debendra Nath
Charan Mitra in 1837 AD. The Landholders Society Tagore
was known as the first organization of Bengal with
(c) Bhartiya Brahmo Samaj - Keshab Chandra Sen
distinct political object. Thus, option (c) and (d) both
are not correctly matched. (d) Radhasowami Satsang - Tulsi Ram
42. Which among the following is not correctly UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2014
matched? Ans-(b) The Atmiya Sabha was founded by Raja Ram
(a) A. Pandurang - Prarthana Samaj Mohan Roy in 1815 AD while Atmaram Pandurang
(b) Dayanand Saraswati - Arya Samaj founded Prarthana Samaj by the inspirations of Keshab
Chandra Sen at Bombay in 1867. Other options are
(c) Raja Ram Mohan Roy - Adi Brahmo Samaj
correctly matched.
(d) Vivekananda - Ramkrishna
46. Which of the following is not correctly matched?
Paramhamsa
(a) Awadh Kisan Sabha - Jawaharlal Nehru
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1997
(b) United Indian Patriotic - Sir Syed Ahmad
Ans-(c) Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded Brahmo
Samaj in 1828 AD. It was the first important Association Khan
organization of religious reforms. The two most (c) All India Kisan Sabha - Acharya Narendra
prominent leaders of the Brahmo Samaj Dev
were Debendranath Tagore and Keshab Chandra Sen.
(d) Radical Democratic Party- M. N. Roy
Atmaram Pandurang founded Prarthana Samaj at
Bombay in 1867 AD. In 1866 AD, there was a split in UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2014
the Brahmo Samaj when Keshab Chandra Sen and his Ans-(c) The Awadh Kisan Sabha was founded on
group held views which were more radical than those of October 17, 1920 at Pratapgarh by Baba Ramchandra
the original Brahmo Samajists. Thus he founded Adi along with Jawaharlal Nehru and several other activists.
Brahmo Samaj. Ramkrishna Mission was founded by The United Indian Patriotic Association was a political
Swami Vivekananda at Calcutta in 1897. organization founded in 1888 AD by Sir Syed Ahmed
History of Modern India 283 YCT
Khan, the founder of the Aligarh Muslim University. Ans-(c) The India Home Rule Society, founded in
The All India Kisan Sabha was founded in Lucknow in London in February 1905, was one of the earliest
April, 1936 with Swami Sahajananda Saraswati as revolutionary societies set up outside India. This society
President and N. G. Ranga as the General-Secretary. was founded by Shyamji Krishna Verma along with
The Radical Democratic Party was founded by M. N. other notable expatriate Indians such as Bhikaji Cama,
Roy in 1940 at Bombay (Mumbai). S. R. Rana and Lala Lajpat Rai to serve as a rival
47. Which among the following pairs is not correctly organization to the British Committee of Congress.
matched?
50. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
(a) Ghadar Party - Lala Lajpat Rai answer from the codes given below:
(b) Frontier Gandhi - Khan Abdul Gaffar List-I List-II
(c) Indian National Army - Subhash Chandra 1. Prarthana Samaj A. Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Bose 2. Brahmo Samaj B. Vivekananda
(d) First President of India - Dr. Rajendra Prasad 3. Arya Samaj C. Dayanand Saraswati
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2006 4. Ramkrishna Mission D. Ranade
Ans-(a) In 1913, the Pacific Coast Hindustan E. Ramkrishna
Association was founded by Lala Hardayal with Sohan
Paramhamsa
Singh Bhakna as its President, which was called Ghadar
Party. Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan is also known as Code:
Frontier Gandhi. Indian National Army was founded by 1 2 3 4
Captain Mohan Singh in Singapore in September, 1942. (a) A B C D
In 1943, Subhash Chandra Bose came to Singapore to (b) B E A C
lead the Indian Independence League and to rebuild the
(c) D A C E
Indian National Army (Azad Hind Fauj) to make it an
effective instrument for the freedom of India. Dr. (d) D A C B
Rajendra Prasad was the first Prime Minister of India. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994
48. Which of the following is not correctly matched? Ans-(d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded Bramho Sabha
(a) Gopal Krishna Gokhale- Servant of Indian on August 20, 1928 which was later called Brahmo
Samaj. The Arya Samaj was founded by Swami
Society
Dayanand Saraswati at Mumbai in April 1875. The
(b) Sir Siyed Ahmad Khan - Mohammadan Prarthana Samaj was founded by Atma Ram Pandurang
Association Anglo-Oriental by the inspirations of Keshab Chandra Sen in 1867 AD
Defence in Bombay. Mahadev Govind Ranade was a member of
(c) Motilal Nehru - Nehru Report this society. Ramkrishna Mission was founded by
Swami Vivekananda in 1897.
(d) Mohammad Ali Jinnah - Khilafat Movement
51. Match List-I with List-II and effect the correct
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2004-05
answer using the code given below the lists:
Ans-(d) The Khilafat Movement was led by Ali
List-I List-II
brothers, Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali while
Mohammad Ali Jinnah opposed the Khilafat (Social Reformer) (Association)
Movement. The Servants of Indian Society was A. Iyothee Thass 1. Satyashodhak Samaj
founded by Gopal Krishna Gokhale in 1905. B. Jyotiba Phule 2. Dravida Kazhagam
Mohammadan Anglo-Oriental Defence Association was C. John Rathinam 3. Self-Respect
established by Sir Sayed Ahmad Khan in 1893 AD. The Movement
Motilal Nehru Report 1928 was a report by a committee
D. E.V. Ramaswami 4. Dravida Mahajan
headed by Pt. Motilal Nehru.
Naicker Sabha
49. Who among the following had started Indian
Codes:
Home Rule Society in London?
A B C D
(a) Annie Besant
(a) 4 2 1 3
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(b) 3 1 2 4
(c) Shyamji Krishna Verma
(c) 4 1 2 3
(d) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
(d) 3 2 1 4
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2002, 2007
UPSC CDS Ist 2012
History of Modern India 284 YCT
Ans-(c) The correct match is as follows- C. Arya Samaj 3. Calcutta
Social Reformer Association D. Nadva-tul-Ulma 4. Lucknow
Iyothee Thass - Dravida Mahajan Sabha Code:
Jyotiba Phule - Satyashodhak Samaj A B C D
John Rathinam - Dravid Kazhagam (a) 4 1 3 2
E. V. Ramaswami Naicker - Self Respect Movement (b) 1 4 3 2
52. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct (c) 3 1 4 2
answer from the codes given below: (d) 3 2 1 4
List –I List-II
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2003
(Organizations) (Founders)
Ans-(d) The correct match is as follows-
A. Land Holders' Society 1. S.N. Banerji
Brahmo Samaj Calcutta (Raja Ram
B. British India Society 2. Anand Mohan Bose
Mohan Roy, 1828)
C. Indian Society 3. William Adams
Manav Dharm Sabha Surat (Mehtaji Durgaram
D. Indian Association 4. Dwarkanath Tagore
Manchharam, Dadoba
Codes: Pandurang Tarkhadkar,
A B C D 1844)
(a) 4 3 2 1 Arya Samaj Mumbai (Dayanand
(b) 4 2 3 1 Saraswati, 1875)
(c) 3 2 4 1
Nadva-tul-Ulma Lucknow (Moulvi Abdul
(d) 4 1 2 3
Gaffar, 1894)
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2014
55. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows- answer using the codes given below the list-
(Organizations) (Founders) List-I List-II
Land Holders' Society Dwarkanath Tagore
A. Abhinav Bharat Samaj 1. Sri Arvind Ghosh
British India Society William Adams
B. Anushilan Samiti 2. Lala Hardayal
Indian Society Anand Mohan Bose
C. Ghadar Party 3. C.R. Das
Indian Association S. N. Banerji
D. Swaraj Party 4. V.D. Savarkar
53. Match the following-
Code:
Institution Foundation Year
A B C D
A. Rajasthan Seva Sangh 1. 1921
(a) 4 1 3 2
B. Desh Hitaishi Sabha 2. 1927
(b) 1 4 3 2
C. All India States People’s Conference 3. 1877
(c) 1 4 2 3
D. Chamber of Princes 4. 1919
(d) 4 1 2 3
Code:
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
A B C D
Ans-(d) The Abhinav Bharat Samaj was founded by V.
(a) 4 3 2 1 D. Savarkar in 1904. Barindra Kumar Ghosh along with
(b) 2 4 1 3 Bhupendra Nath and Aurobindo Ghosh founded
(c) 1 2 4 3 Anushilan Samiti in 1907. Lala Hardayal founded the
(d) 4 2 3 1 Ghadar Party at San Francisco in 1913 and Motilal
Nehru and C.R. Das founded Swaraj Party in 1923.
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2016
56. Which of the following pairs is not correctly
Ans-(a) The correct matching is as follows-
matched? Choose your answer from the code
Institution Foundation Year given below-
Rajasthan Seva Sangh - 1919
1. British India Society - London
Desh Hitaishi Sabha - 1877
2. East India Association - Calcutta
All India States People’s Conference - 1927
3. National India Association - London
Chamber of Princes - 1921
4. Indian Association - Bombay
54. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
answer using the codes given below the list- Code:
List-I List-II (a) 1 and 2 (b) 3 and 4
A. Brahmo Samaj 1. Mumbai (c) 1 and 3 (d) 2 and 4
B. Manav Dharm Sabha 2. Surat UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2008
History of Modern India 285 YCT
Ans-(d) The East India Association was founded by Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows-
Dadabhai Naoroji in 1866 AD, in collaboration with Socialist Party (1934) - Ram Manohar Lohia
Indians and retired British officials in London while the
Communist Party (1920) - P. C. Joshi
National India Association was founded by Mary Swaraj Party (1923) - C. R. Das and
Carpenter at Bristol, London in 1870 AD. The Indian Motilal Nehru
Association was founded on July 26, 1876 at Albert Ghadar Party (1913) - Lala Hardayal
Hall of Calcutta and the British India Society was 59. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
founded in 1839 AD in London. answer using the codes given below the list-
57. Match List-I with List-II: List-I List-II
List-I List-II A. British Indian Association 1. Gopal Krishna
A. India League 1.Shishir Kumar Ghosh Gokhale
B. Bombay Presidency 2. K.T. Tailang
B. Indian Association 2.Anand Mohan Bose
Association
C. Indian Liberal 3. Sayed Ahmed Khan
C. Central Muhammadan 3. Radha Kant Deb
Association National Association
D. United India 4.Surendranath D. Servants of India Society 4. Saiyyed Amir Ali
Patriotic Banerjee Code:
Association A B C D
Choose your answer from the given codes: (a) 1 2 4 3
Code- (b) 3 2 4 1
A B C D (c) 3 1 2 4
(a) 1 3 4 2 (d) 4 3 2 1
(b) 2 1 4 3 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006
Ans-(b) The correct match is as follows-
(c) 3 2 4 1
British Indian Association - Radha Kant Deb
(d) 1 2 4 3
Bombay Presidency Association - K. T. Tailang
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2008 Central Muhammadan National - Saiyyed Amir Ali
Ans-(d) The correct match is as follows- Association
India League (1875) Shishir Kumar Ghosh Servants of Indian Society - Gopal Krishna
Indian Association (1876) Anand Mohan Bose Gokhale
Indian Liberal Association Surendranath Banerjee 60. The ‘Servants of Indian Society’ was founded by-
(1876) (a) Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar
United India Patriotic Sayed Ahmed Khan (b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji
Association (1888)
(d) Lala Lajpat Rai
58. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2009-10
answer using the codes given below the list-
UP Lower (Pre) 2015
List-I List-II
Ans-(b) The Servants of Indian Society was founded by
A. Socialist Party 1. C. R. Das Gopal Krishna Gokhale on June 12, 1905 in Pune,
B. Communist Party 2. Ram Manohar Lohia Maharashtra.
C. Swaraj Party 3. Lala Hardayal 61. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
D. Ghadar Party 4. P. C. Joshi answer using code given below the list-
List-I (Party) List-II (Founder)
Codes:
A. Azad Muslim Conference 1. Abdul Gaffar
A B C D
Khan
(a) 2 4 1 3
B. Khaksar Party 2. Allah Baksh
(b) 3 4 1 2
C. Khudai Khidmatgar 3. Allama Mashriqi
(c) 1 2 4 3 D. Krishak Praja Party 4. Fazlul Huq
(d) 1 4 3 2 5. Sikander Hayat
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2003 Khan
History of Modern India 286 YCT
 Code: (c) 3 2 1 4
A B C D (d) 1 2 3 4
(a) 1 3 4 5 UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 1998
(b) 2 3 4 5 Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows-
(c) 2 3 1 4 Home Rule League - Lokmanya Tilak
(d) 3 2 1 5 Nationalist Party - Madan Mohan
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2002 Malviya
National Liberation Federation - Tej Bahadur Sapru
Ans-(c) The correct match is as follows-
Swaraj Party - Chittaranjan Das
Azad Muslim Conference Allah Baksh
64. Which among the following Social Reform
Khaksar Party Allama Mashriqi
organizations were not founded in Maharashtra?
Khudai Khidmatgar Abdul Gaffar Khan 1. Yoga-Kshema Sabha
Krishak Praja Party Fazlul Huq 2. Sri Narayana Dharma Paripalan Sabha
62. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct 3. Sarin Sabha
answer using code given below the list- Code:
List-I (a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 3
A. Madan Mohan Malviya (c) 2 and 3 (d) All of the above
B. Motilal Nehru UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998
C. Smt. Annie Besant Ans-(d) Yoga-Kshema Sabha was founded by V.T.
D. Gopal Krishna Gokhale Bhatathiripad in 1908 in Kerala for the upliftment of
List-II Namboodari Brahmins. The Sree Narayana Dharma
Paripalana Yogam (SNDP) was founded in 1903 by Dr.
1. Founder of Home Rule League
Padmanabhan Palpu with the guidance and blessings
2. Started Servant of Indian Society of Sree Narayana Guru while the Sarin Sabha was
3. Founder of Hindu University founded in Punjab.
4. Formed Swaraj Party with others 65. Who among the following was associated with
Code: ‘Independence for India League’ in 1928?
A B C D 1. Jawaharlal Nehru
(a) 3 4 1 2 2. Subhash Chandra Bose
3. Acharya Narendra Dev
(b) 4 3 2 1
4. Jai Prakash Narayan
(c) 1 2 3 4
Choose your answer from the given code-
(d) 2 1 4 3
(a) 1, 2 and 3
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2003
(b) 2, 3 and 4
Ans-(a) Madan Mohan Malviya founded the Banaras (c) 1 and 2
Hindu University in 1916, Smt. Annie Besant founded
(d) 3 and 4
Home Rule League in December, 1916 while Gopal
Krishna Gokhale founded Servants of Indian Society in UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2008
March, 1905 and Motilal Nehru and C. R. Das duo Ans-(c) The ‘Independence for India League’ was
founded Swaraj Party in 1923. founded in August, 1928 with Jawaharlal Nehru and
Subhash Chandra Bose as Secretaries and S. Srinivasa
63. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
Iyengar as President. Nehru defined the Independence
answer using code given below the list- for India League as being representative of the left wing
List-I (Organization) List-II (Leader) element in the country and the Congress The
A. Home Rule League 1. Chittaranjan Das Independence League mostly attracted the country's
B. Nationalist Party 2. Lokmanya Tilak middle class, especially youth and students towards
politics and organized the progressive powers against
C. National Liberation 3. Madan Mohan the British Raj.
Federation Malviya 66. Who was the founder of Indian Association?
D. Swaraj Party 4. Tej Bahadur Sapru (a) Dadabhai Naoroji
Code- (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
A B C D (c) A.O. Hume
(a) 2 3 4 1 (d) Surendranath Banerjee
(b) 4 2 1 3 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2002
History of Modern India 287 YCT
Ans-(d) Indian National Association was the first 69. The Scientific Society was established by-
declared Nationalist organization founded in British (a) Wilton Company
India by Surendranath Banerjee and Anand Mohan (b) Lord Cornwallis
Bose in July, 1876. It favoured local self-government
(c) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
and served as a preparatory agent for the more
truly Indian National Congress. The association found (d) None of the above
an issue in opposing the lowering of the age limit MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2009
for civil service examinations (1877), which was Ans-(c) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan laid the foundation of
disadvantageous to Indian candidates; and in 1878 it modern scientific education in undivided India and was
objected to the Vernacular Press Act, which stifled the one of those early pioneers who recognized the critical
Indian press. After the Indian National Congress was role of education in the empowerment of the poor and
founded in 1885, the association gradually lost ground; backward Muslim community. He established Scientific
it was not heard of after 1888. Society in 1864 AD with the purpose of translating the
67. Who among the following decided to launch the books on literature, science, agriculture, and engineering.
Independent Party on 16 December, 1922? 70. Who instituted Scientific Society in 1863 to create
Select the correct answer from the codes given a scientific temperament among the Muslims and
below: to make the Western knowledge available to
Indians in their own language?
1. Lala Har Dayal
(a) Mohammad Iqbal
2. Madan Mohan Malviya
(b) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
3. Mohammed Ali Jinnah
(c) Karim Ali
4. Moti Lal Nehru
(d) Inayat Ali
Codes:
Haryana PSC Pre 2014
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4 (d) 2 and 4 Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2005 71. The success of Theosophical Society in India was
mainly due to-
Ans-(d) Pt. Madan Mohan Malviya and Motilal Nehru
(a) Annie Besant
decided to launch the Independent Party on December
16, 1922. However the Swaraj Party established as the (b) Colonel H. S. Olcott
Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party was a political party (c) Sir William Crook
formed in India in January 1923 after the Gaya annual (d) M. M. Malviya
conference in December 1922 of the National Congress, UP UDA/LDA (Mains) 2010
that sought greater self-government and political
Ans-(a) Annie Besant landed in India in 1893 and upto
freedom for the Indian people from the British Raj. The
1906 she spent most of her time at Varanasi. In 1907,
most prominent leaders of Swaraj Party were
after the passing of Col. of H. S. Olcott, Annie Besant
Chittaranjan Das, who was its President and Motilal
became the second International President of the
Nehru, who was its Secretary, N. C. Kelkar, Huseyn
Theosophical Society, an office which she held until
Shaheed Suhrawardy and Subhas Chandra Bose were her death in 1933. She was a firm believer in the
prominent leaders. teachings of Vedas and Upanishads. She considered the
68. Who among the following was the founder of Indian soil to be so liberating and enlightening at the
‘Dev Samaj’? same time that she took the nation as her own and made
(a) Vallabhbhai Patel it her permanent abode. She was a protestor against the
(b) Dada Bhai Naoroji prevalent evils of the then Indian Society like child
marriage, unacceptability of widow remarriage etc.
(c) Shiv Narayan Agnihotri
72. The Ramkrishna Mission was founded by-
(d) Ramkrishna Paramhamsa
(a) Ramkrishna Paramhmsa
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2002
(b) Dayanand Saraswati
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2002
(c) Swami Vivekananda
Ans-(c) The Dev Samaj was founded in February, 1887
(d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
by Shiv Narayan Agnihotri (later named as Bhagwan
Dev Atma) at Lahore (now in Pakistan). The teachings MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1999
of this ‘Samaj’ are compiled in a book named ‘Dev Ans-(c) Being inspired by his spiritual teacher Swami
Shastra’. Being inspired from Ram Krishna Ramkrishna Paramhamsa (1834-1886), Swami
Paramhamsa, Swami Vivekananda founded Ram Vivekananda founded Ramkrishna Mission in May,
Krishna Mission in 1897. 1897 at Bellur. The organization mainly propagates
History of Modern India 288 YCT
the Hindu philosophy of Vedanta–Advaita Vedanta and 77. Who among the following was the first President
four yogic ideals Jnana, Bhakti, Karma, and Raja Yoga. of All India Untouchability League (later
The schools and hospitals of the Mission are rendering changed to Harijan Sewak Samaj)?
yeomen service. Through his efforts at a cultural (a) B.R. Ambedkar (b) G.D Birla
resurgence, Swami Vivekananda laid strong (c) Jyotiba Phule (d) M. K. Gandhi
foundations for the nationalist movement. Swami
Vivekananda represented India and Hinduism at UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006
the Parliament of the World's Religions (1893). This Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
was the first World's Parliament of Religions and it was 78. The early name of ‘Harijan Sevak Sangh’ was-
held from 11 to 27 September 1893. (a) All India Anti Untouchability League
73. Who was the founder of ‘Independent Labour (b) All India Depressed Classes Association
Party’?
(c) Depressed Classes Association for Social
(a) R. Srinivasan Reforms
(b) B. R. Ambedkar (d) Association of Untouchables
(c) C. Rajagopalachari UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014
(d) Lala Lajpat Rai Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
UP Lower (Pre) 2009 79. Which one of the following submitted in 1875 a
Ans-(b) The Independent Labour Party was founded by petition to the House of Commons demanding
Dr. BR Ambedkar in August, 1936 against the India’s direct representation in the British
Brahmanical and capitalist structures in the society. A Parliament?
sitting independent MP and prominent union (a) The Deccan Association
organiser, Keir Hardie became its first chairman. (b) The Indian Association
74. Who among the following founded the All India (c) The Madras Mahajan Sabha
Harijan Sevak Sangh in 1932? (d) The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha
(a) B. G. Gokhale IAS (Pre) G.S. 2002
(b) M. K. Gandhi Ans-(d) The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was established
(c) B. R. Ambedkar on April 2, 1870 at Poona originally because of the
(d) None of the above discontent of the people over the running of a local
temple. M. G. Ranade and J. B. Joshi played an
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017 important role in the formation of this organization. In
Ans-(b) In 1932, Mahatma Gandhi founded All India 1875 the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha submitted a petition
Anti Untouchability League to remove untouchability to the House of Commons demanding India’s direct
in the society, which later renamed as Harijan Sevak representation in the British Parliament.
Sangh. At the time industrialist Ghanshyam Das 80. Among the four political parties listed below,
Birla was its founding president with Amritlal which one was the last to be formed?
Thakkar as its Secretary. The Sangh was headquartered (a) The Conservative Party in Britain
at Kingsway Camp in Delhi.
(b) The Democratic Party in U.S.A.
75. Who was the founder President of “Harijan
(c) The Republican Party in U.S.A.
Sevak Sangh”?
(d) The Indian National Congress
(a) G. D. Birla
(b) J. B. Kriplani IAS (Pre) G.S. 1993
(c) Mahatma Gandhi Ans-(d) The Conservative Party in Britain was formed
in 1834 AD, the Democratic Party of U.S.A. was
(d) Vinoba Bhave established in 1828, the Republican Party in U.S.A. was
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011 founded in 1854 AD and the Indian National Congress
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. was founded by A. O. Hume in 1885 AD. Like this the
76. Who was the founder President of “Harijan Indian National Congress lies last to be formed among
Sevak Sangh”? the above mentioned four parties.
(a) Mahadev Desai 81. The first political organization established in
India in 1838 was known as-
(b) Ghanshyam Birla
(a) British India Society
(c) B. R. Ambedkar
(b) Bengal British India Society
(d) Amritlal Thakkar
(c) Settlers Association
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2006
(d) Zamindari Association
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1993
History of Modern India 289 YCT
Ans-(d) The Zamindari Association also known as (c) Surendranath Banerjee
Landholders Society was founded in 1838 AD by the (d) Ras Behari Bose
efforts of Dwarkanath Tagore to safeguard the interests UP Lower (Pre) 2004
of the landlords. Later on this society was integrated
into British India Society in 1839 AD. Radhakant Deb Ans-(d) The Indian Independence League was founded
and Prasanna Kumar Thakur were other prominent in 1942 by Ras Behari Bose in Tokyo, Japan to remove
leaders of this organization. the British colonial rule over India. In 1943 he
subsequently handed over the reins of Indian
82. Arrange the following organizations on the basis Independence League to Subhas Chandra Bose, who
of their establishment- developed it as the Indian National Army or the Azad
1. Bombay Association Hind Fauj.
2. Madras Mahajan Sabha 85. 'Dar-ul-Ulum' was established by-
3. Indian Association (a) Maulana Shibli Numani
4. Indian League (b) Maulana Hussain Ahmad
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (c) Maulavi Abdullah Chakralavi
(b) 2, 3, 1, 4 (d) Maulana Ahmad Riza Khan
(c) 4, 3, 2, 1 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2014
(d) 1, 4, 3, 2 Ans-(a) Dar-ul-Ulum Nadawat-ul-Ulama was
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2003 established by Maulana Shibli Numani and others at
Ans-(d) The correct sequence of organizations Lucknow in 1894 to recast Muslim educational system, to
according to their foundation are as follows-The develop religious sciences, to reform Muslim morals and
Bombay Association was founded in August, 1852 by put an end to theological controversies within Islam.
Dadabhai Naoroji. The India League was founded by 86. Yugantar Party was led by-
Shishir Kumar Ghosh in September, 1875 at Calcutta.
(a) Jatindranath Mukherjee
The Indian Association was founded by Surendranath
Banerjee and Anand Mohan Bose in July, 1876 at (b) Sachindranath Sanyal
Calcutta. The Madras Mahajan Mahasabha was founded (c) Ras Behari Bose
in May, 1884 by G. Subramaniam, P. Anandacharlu and (d) Subhash Chandra Bose
V. Raghava Chari. UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2009
83. During the Indian Freedom Struggle, who of the Ans-(a) Yugantar Party was a revolutionary
following raised an army called ‘Free Indian organization organized by Jatindranath Mukherjee also
Legion’? known as Bagha Jatin at Bangladesh.
(a) Lala Hardayal 87. Consider the following organizations-
(b) Rasbehari Bose 1. Bangbhasha Prakashika Sabha
(c) Subhas Chandra Bose 2. Landholders Society
(d) V. D. Savarkar 3. Bengal British India Society
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2008 4. Indian League
Ans-(c) In January, 1942, the Propaganda Ministry of Select the correct chronological order of
Germany announced the formation of the ‘Indian founding of these organizations from the code
National Army’ in Berlin. At the end of July, 1942 given below:
three hundred volunteers were issued German Army
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) 1, 3, 2, 4
uniforms bearing a badge on the right arm which
showed a leaping tiger superimposed on an Indian (c) 2, 1, 3, 4 (d) 2, 3, 4, 1
tricolor surrounded by the legend “Freies Indien”. UP RO/ARO (Pre) G.S. 2016
Organizing ten thousand Indian prisoners of Romel Ans-(a) The correct chronological order of founding of
battle in North Africa (POWs) at Berlin in 1942, the organizations is as follows–
Subhash Chandra Bose formed the “Free Indian Bangbhasha Prakashika Sabha - 1836 A.D.
Legion.”
Landholders Society - 1838 A.D.
84. Who founded India Independence League?
Bengal British India Society - 1843 A.D.
(a) Subhas Chandra Bose
Indian League - 1875 A.D.
(b) Ras Behari Ghosh
History of Modern India 290 YCT
88. Who among the following founded the Atmiya (i) To form a nucleus of the universal brotherhood of
Sabha in 1815? humanity without distinction of race, creed, sex,
(a) Keshab Chandra Sen caste, or colour.
(b) Debendranath Tagore (ii) To encourage the study of comparative religion,
philosophy, and science.
(c) Ram Mohan Roy
(iii) To investigate the unexplained laws of nature and
(d) Vijay Krishna Goswami the latent powers in man.
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2016 91. Which of the following statements about
Ans-(c) The Atmiya Sabha was founded by Raja Ram Theosophical Society are correct?
Mohan Roy in 1815 in Calcutta. It was association for 1. Its founders were non- Indians.
the dissemination of the religious truth and the 2. Its advocates were in favour of the revival of
promotion of free discussions of theological subjects. It Hinduism.
aimed to bring social reforms in the society.
3. It advocated for the adoption of rational and
89. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct scientific approach based on Western ideas.
answer using codes given below the list- 4. It helped people to overcome the sense of
List-I (Person) List-II (Political Party) false pride.
A. B. R. Ambedkar 1. Pakistan Muslim Select the correct answer using the codes given
League below:
B. Sikander Hayat Khan 2. Krishak Praja Party (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4
C. Fazlul Haq 3. Unionist Party (c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 1 and 2 only
D. Khaliquzzaman 4. Independent Labour UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2011
Party Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Code: 92. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
answer using codes given below the list-
A B C D
List-I (Person) List-II (Organization)
(a) 4 2 3 1
A. Bhagat Singh 1. Congress
(b) 4 3 2 1
B. Swami Sahajanand 2. Hindustan Socialist
(c) 1 2 3 4
Republic Association
(d) 1 3 2 4
C. G. K. Gokhale 3. All India Trade Union
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2015
D. S. A. Dange 4. All India Kisan Sabha
Ans-(b) The correct match is as follows-
Code:
B. R. Ambedkar - Independent Labour Party A B C D
Sikander Hayat Khan - Unionist Party (a) 2 4 1 3
Fazlul Haq - Krishak Praja Party (c) 2 1 4 3
Khaliquzzaman - Pakistan Muslim League (c) 3 4 1 2
90. Which one among the following is not true of the (d) 3 1 4 2
Theosophical Society of Madam H P Blavatsky? UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2012
(a) It was founded outside India Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows-
(b) It advocated the revival of ancient religions Person Organization
(c) It recognized the doctrine of transmigration of Bhagat Singh - Hindustan Socialist Republic
soul Association
(d) It was silent on the idea of Universal Swami Sahajanand - All India Kisan Sabha
Brotherhood
G. K. Gokhale - Congress
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2014
S. A. Dange - All India Trade Union
Ans-(d) The Theosophical Society was founded in
93. Which of the following pairs are correctly
1875 by Madam H. P. Blavatsky and Colonel H. S.
matched?
Olcott in America. In 1879 it’s headquarter was
1. Jamnalal Bajaj : Satyagraha Ashram
established in Mumbai and later in 1882 it was
transferred to Adyar (Madras). Theosophy is also 2. Dadabhai Naoroji : Bombay Association
known as “Brahmo Vidya” (Education of Brahma). The 3. Syed Ahmed Khan : MAO College
main aim of Theosophical Society was- 4. Lala Lajpat Rai : Anusilan Samiti
History of Modern India 291 YCT
 Select the correct answer using the code given 96. Several socio-political organiszations were
below: formed in the 19th and 20th centuries in India.
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only Anjuman-e-Khawatin-e-Islam, founded in the
(c) 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 year 1914 was-
West Bengal PSC (Pre) 2022 (a) All India Muslim Ladies Conference
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2011 (b) A radical wing of the All India Muslim League
Ans-(d) By the cooperation of Barindra Ghosh and (c) All India Muslim Students Conference
Bhupendra Nath Dutt, the Anushilan Samiti was (d) All India Islamic Conference
established in 1907 at Calcutta. The Bombay UPSC CDS Ist 2013
Association was founded in August, 1852 by Dadabhai
Ans-(a) Anjuman-e-Khawatin-e-Islam also known as
Naoroji. Mohammadan Anglo Oriental College was
All India Muslim Ladies Conference founded in the
founded in 1877 by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan. Satyagraha
year 1914 checkmated the pretensions of organizations
Ashram was established by Mahatma Gandhi near
claiming to speak for all Indian women. Founded in
Sabarmati river in Ahmadabad district of Gujarat, with
the help of Jamnalal Bajaj. Aligarh in March, 1914 the Anujuman-e-Khawatin
claimed to represent the interests of all Muslim women;
94. Consider the following statements about Syed the reality eluded it quite as much as did the Muslim
Ahmed Khan, the founder of Muhammadan
League. The Anjuman’s main contribution was to
Anglo-Oriental College, Aligarh:
popularize a new style of burqa (Burkha) patterned on
1. He was a staunch supporter of Indian Turkish model.
National Congress.
97. Who among the following was the founder of
2. Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College was
'Indian Independence Committee' set up in
set up with the objective of promoting
1915?
learning of Islamic education among the
Muslims. (a) B.G. Tilak
Which of the statements given above is/are (b) Virendranath Chattopadhyaya
correct? (c) W.C. Banerjee
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (d) M.K. Gandhi
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 UPPSC ACF-RFO Mains I Paper 2019
UPSC CDS G.S. Ist 2014 Ans. (b) : The Berlin Committee, later known as the
Ans-(d) The Mohammedan Anglo Oriental College was Indian Independence Committee after 1915, was an
founded in 1877 by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan which later organization formed in Germany in 1914 during World
developed as Aligarh Muslim University. He War I by Indian students and political activists residing
considered competence in English and "Western in the country. Its founder was Virendranath
Sciences" necessary skills for maintaining Muslims Chattopadhyaya. The committee was formed by the
political influence, especially in Northern India. Sir help of the German foreign office under Zimmerman
Syed Ahmad Khan was a strong supporter of Hindu- Plan.
Muslim unity but later he became one of the strongest
98. Which one among the following principles was
opponents of Indian National Congress. Like this
neither the statement 1 nor the statement 2 is correct. not propagated by the Theosophical Society?
(a) Belief in Karma and Rebirth
95. Who founded Justice Party in 1917?
(a) Narayan Guru (b) Belief in Universal Brotherhood and Humanity
(b) Jyotiba Rao Phule (c) Belief in Vedantic Philosophy
(c) P. Tyagraj (d) Belief in the Eradication of Untouchability
(d) C.N Annadurai UPSC CDS Ist 2012
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11 Ans-(c) The Theosophical Society was founded in 1875
Ans-(c) The Justice Party, officially known as South by Madam H. P. Blavatsky and Colonel H. S. Olcott in
Indian Liberal Federation (S. I. L. F.), was the political America. In 1879, it’s headquarter was established in
wing of South Indian Welfare Association. The Justice Mumbai and later in 1882 it was transferred to Adyar
Party derived its name from an British-language daily (Madras). Annie Besant joined the Theosophical
of that time, named ‘Justice’. It was established by Sir Society in 1893 and became the President in 1907. The
P. Theagaraya Chetty and Dr. T. M. Nair as a result of a organization believed in Karma and rebirth, universal
series of non-Brahmin conferences and meetings in brotherhood and humanity and eradication of
the Madras Presidency. untouchabiltiy. It did not propagate Vedantic Philosophy.

History of Modern India 292 YCT

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45.
Governors, Governor-Generals
and Viceroys of India
1. Which statements is/are true regarding Lord Ans. (d) : Lord William Bentinck introduced
Curzon? Mahalwari system in North-West frontier. The
1. Establishing the English Empire on granite Mahalwari system was first introduced by Holt
rock. Mackenzie in 1822, It had elements of both Zamindari
2. Announcement of Calcutta Corporation Act. and the Ryotwari system.
Select the correct answer using the code given Lord William Bentinck abolished a wide range of social
below: evil like Sati', Female infanticide, Suppression of thugs
during his tenure.
Code −
Establishment of Universities for first time in India was
(a) Both 1 and 2 (b) Neither 1 nor 2
started in the year of 1857.
(c) Only 2 (d) Only 1
UPPCS RO/ARO (Pre) 2023 (Cancelled) 5. The treaty of Amirtsar was concluded between
Maharaja Ranjit Singh and
Ans.(a): Lord Curzon was appointed as the Viceroy
of India in 1899. He is well remembered in Indian (a) Lord Cornwallis
history for his controversial decision to partition (b) Lord Dalhousie
Bengal into two provinces. He established the English (c) Lord Hastings
empire on granite rock and also announced Calcutta (d) Lord Minto
Corporation Act.
JPSC (Pre) 2024-I
Hence, both statements are correct.
Ans. (d) : The treaty of Amritsar was concluded in
2. Census for the first time in India was
conducted during the British era in the tenure 1809 between British East India Company under the
of governor generalship of Lord Minto through Metcalf
(a) Lord Dufferin (b) Lord Lytton and Maharaja Ranjit Singh.
(c) Lord Mayo (d) None of the above 6. Who was the Governor General of Bengal during
UPPCS RO/ARO (Pre) 2023 (Cancelled) the foundation of Asiatic Society in Calcutta?
Ans.(c): Census for the first time in India was (a) Lord Cornwallis
conducted during the British era in the tenure or Lord (b) Lord Warren Hastings
Mayo. It is popularly known as Census of 1872. (c) Lord Wellesley
3. In which year, first Census was introduced in (d) Lord Bentinck
India?
UPPSC Kanoongo Exam 2014
(a) 1901 (b) 1911
Ans-(b) Lord Warren Hastings was the Governor
(c) 1921 (d) 1872
General of Bengal during duration of Asiatic Society of
(e) None of the above/More than one of the Bengal.
above
67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021 7. Which of the following events happened during
the period of Lord Warren Hastings?
Ans. (d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
1. Treaty of Salbai
4. Which of the following statement is incorrect
2. Eyre Coote defeated Haider Ali at Porto Novo
on William Bentinck's reforms?
(a) Introduction of a new land revenue system in 3. Treaty of Seringapatnam
the North-Western Province Which of the statements given above is/are
(b) Abolition of 'Sati' correct?
(c) Eradication of female infanticide (a) 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(d) Establishment of universities for the first time (c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
APPSC (Pre) 2023 J & K PSC Pre 2022
History of Modern India 293 YCT
Ans.(c): Warren Hastings was the Governor-General 11. Which of the following statements about Lord
during the first Anglo-Maratha War which concluded Mayo's Resolution of 1870 are correct?
with the treaty of Salbai on 17 May, 1782. The leaders 1. It was the first step that bifurcated Central
of the Battle of Porto Novo were hyder Ali and sir Eyre and Provincial finances.
Coote. It was fought in 1781 during the period of
Governor General of Bengal Lord Warren Hasting 2. Provincial Governments were empowered to
(1774-1785). The treaty of Seringapatan was signed in administer certain services.
1792, it ended the third Anglo-Mysore war and the 3. It attempted to rectify existing imparity.
signatories were Lord Cornwallis on behalf of British 4. It Focused on the actual needs of the
East India Company and Tipu Sultan, the ruler of Provinces.
Mysore.
Select the correct answer using the codes given
8. Which Governor General abolished sati? below.
(a) Wellesley (b) Curzon (a) Only 1 and 2
(c) William Bentinck (d) Dalhousie
(b) Only, 1, 3 and 4
Mizoram PSC (Pre) 2023
(c) Only 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (c) : Lord William Bentinck abolished the sati
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
system in 1829 by declaring it an offence. Lord William
Bentinck (1828 AD- 1834 AD.) regarded as the 'Father 69th BPSC (Pre) 2023
of Modern western Education in India Ans. (d) : The following provisions were mentioned in
He was the first Governor-General of India. Lord Mayo's resolution of 1870-
9. Arrange these British Viceroys in chronological • It was the first step to divide central and provincial
order: finances.
(1) Lord Lansdowne • Provincial Governments were given the authority to
(2) Lord Northbrook administer certain services.
(3) Lord John Lawrence • It tried to improve the existing inequality.
(4) Lord Elgin I • It focused on the real needs of the provinces.
Choose the correct answer from the option
The royal government was allowed to resort to local
given below:
taxation to finance its budget.
(a) (4), (3), (2), (1) (b) (4), (2), (3), (1)
(c) (3), (4), (2), (1) (d) (3), (4), (1), (2) 12. Which English Governor General was
murdered by a convict in the Andaman Island?
Himachal PSC (Pre) 2023
(a) Clive (b) Ripon
Ans. (a): Chronological arrangement of the given
British viceroys- (c) Mayo (d) Northbrooke
st
Lord Elgin I 1862-1863 Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022
Lord John Lawrence - 1864-1869 Ans. (c) : On 8 February 1872, when the viceroy had
Lord Northbrook 1872-1876 almost completed his inspection and was returning
Lord Lansdowne 1888- 1894 through the boat, Sher Ali attacked and killed Lord
Mayo. Sher Ali was condemn to death and was hanged
10. Lord Lytton is not associated with which of the at Viper Island Prison on 11 march 1872.
following?
(a) The Strachey Commission 13. The last Viceroy of India was______.
(b) The Arms Act (a) Lord Mountbatten
(c) The Vernacular Press Act (b) Lord Wellesley
(d) The Ilbert Bill (c) Lord Canning
69th BPSC (Pre) 2023 (d) Lord Curzon
Ans. (d) : Lord Lytton is not related to Ilbert Bill. Ilbert Sikkim PSC (Pre) 2022
bill, a controversial bill proposed in 1883, sought to Ans.. (a) : Lord Mountbatten was the last viceroy of
allow senior Indian Judges to try European criminals. British India. After Independence, Lord Mountbatten
Previously only European Judges could try European
became the first Governor General of Independent
criminals. The bill was introduced by the then viceroy
India. The partition work of India and Pakistan was
Lord Ripon. During the time of Lord Lytton, a famine
commission was formed in 1878 under the delivered to him by British rulers. After his retirement,
chairmanship of sir Richard Strachey. In 1878 itself, the C. Rajagopalachari became the first Indian Governor
arms Act and the Vernacular Press Act were passed. General of India.
History of Modern India 294 YCT
14. Who made the 'Deepavali Declaration'? 17. Among the following viceroys of India in whose
(a) Lord Irwin in 1929 time, Indian Penal Code, Civil Procedure Code,
and Criminal Code were passed?
(b) Lord Linlithgow in 1940
(a) Lord Canning (b) Lord Mayo
(c) Gandhi in 1930
(c) Lord Lytton (d) Lord Dufferin
(d) Lord Willington UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994
Sikkim PSC (Pre) 2022 Ans-(a) Lord Canning served as the Governor-General
Ans.. (a) : Deepavali Declaration or Irwin Declaration of India from 1856 AD to 1862 AD. During his tenure,
was a statement made by Lord Irwin, then viceroy of the Government of India Act, 1858 was passed which
India, on 31 October 1929 regarding the status of India created the office of Viceroy to be held by the same
in the British empire. It was a five-line statement in person who was Governor- General of India. Thus, Lord
simple non-legal language. It attempted to clarify to its Canning also served as first Viceroy of India. Indian
Penal Code, Civil Procedure Code, and Criminal Code
British and Indian audiences that the intention of the
were passed during his period. At the same time, the
British government was to facilitate India attaining Indian High Court Act was passed which laid the
dominion status in the future. establishment of High Court in Bombay, Calcutta and
Lord Irwin served as the viceroy of India from 1926 to Madras. In 1861 AD, the parliament passed Indian
1931. Councils Act during his period.
15. Find the correct chronology of the following 18. Who among the following Governor-Generals
Governor Generals of India : created the Covenanted Civil Service of India,
which later came to be known as the Indian Civil
(i) Sir John Macpherson Service?
(ii) The Earl Cornwallis (a) Warren Hastings (b) Wellesley
(iii) Sir Alured Clarke (c) Cornwallis (d) William Bentinck
(iv) The Earl of Mornington IAS (Pre) G.S. 2010
Select the correct answer using the codes given Ans-(c) Lord Cornwallis is known as the 'Father of
below. Civil Services' in India. He introduced Covenant Civil
Services (Higher Civil Services) which were different
(a) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) from the Un-covenanted Civil Services (Lower Civil
(b) (i), (ii), (iv), (iii) Services). After being the Governor-General of Bengal,
(c) (ii), (i), (iii), (iv) Cornwallis restructured the administration and
abolished the revenue boards and laid the fresh laws for
(d) (ii), (iii), (i), (iv)
them. He divided the jurisdiction of civil and judicial
Assam PSC (Pre) 2022 administration through ‘Cornwallis Code’ which later
Ans. (a) : The correct chronology is- changed into Civil Services in India. Charter Act of
1853 abolished the patronage system and introduced the
(i) Sir John Macpherson - 1 February 1785-12
system of open competition as the basis of selection of
September 1786 Civil Services. Surendra Nath Banerjee was the first to
(ii) The Earl Cornwallis - 12 September 1786 - 28 clear the ICS (Indian Civil Service) examinations.
October 1793 Though he passed the ICS in 1869 AD, he was
(iii) Sir Alured Clarke - March 1798 - 18 May 1798 dismissed because of a dispute over his correct age.
After this matter was sorted out in a court of law,
(iv) The Earl of Mornington - 18 May 1798- 30 July Banerjee reappeared for the exam and once again
1805. managed to clear it in 1871 AD. He was appointed as
16. Who abolished Dual Government in Bengal? the Assistant Magistrate in Sylhet, but was chucked out
(a) Sir John Shore (b) Lord Curzon due to racial discrimination. While Subhash Chandra
Bose resigned after passing the examination.
(c) Robert Clive (d) Warren Hastings
19. Name the Governor-General of India during
Himanchal Pradesh PSC (Pre) 2014
whose tenure direct settlement was made with
Ans-(d) Dual system of governance in Bengal was Ryots (cultivators) fixing the land revenue for a
abolished by Warren Hastings. In 1772 AD, when period of thirty years based on the quality of
Hastings was appointed the Governor of Bengal, dual the soil?
government in Bengal was totally unfeasible and failed. (a) Lord Cornwallis
According to this system the company was responsible (b) Lord Warren Hastings
for performing 'Diwani' functions and the 'Nizamat' (c) Lord Wellesley
functions were to be exercised by the Nawab. This was
(d) Lord Dalhousie
the system where 'rights' and 'responsibilities' were
distinguished separately. Manipur PSC-2013
History of Modern India 295 YCT
Ans. (b) : It was Lord Warren Hastings, the Governor- Ans. (c) : After the battle of Buxar, the East India
General of India during whose tenure direct settlement Company became the real masters of Bengal. Robert
was made with Ryots (cultivators) fixing the land Clive, the then Governor of Bengal, introduced the dual
revenue for a period of thirty years based on the quality system of government (dyarchy) i.e. the rule of the
of the soil. Company and the Nawab in Bengal, in which both the
20. Consider the following statements: diwani (collecting revenues) and nizamat (police and
1. Warren Hastings was the first Governor judiciary) came under the control of the Company.
General who established a regular police This dual system led to an administrative break down
force in India on the British pattern and proved disastrous for the people of Bengal. In 1772,
2. A Supreme Court was established at Lord Warren Hastings became the Governor of Bengal and
Calcutta by the Regulating Act, 1773. in the same year he abolished the dyarchy and Bengal was
brought under direct control of the East India Company.
3. The Indian Penal Code came into effect in
the year 1860. The Nawabs remained as the mere pensioners of the East
India Company.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct? 24. Who among the following abolished dyarchy in
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 Bengal?
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 (a) Robert Clive (b) Lord Cornwallis
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005 (c) Warren Hastings (d) None of the above
Ans-(b) The credit to establish a regular police force in BPSC (Pre) 1996
India on the British pattern goes to Lord Cornwallis not Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Warren Hastings. Hence, the first statement is incorrect. A 25. Who among the following had abolished the
Supreme Court at Calcutta was established by the Dual Government of Bengal?
Regulating Act, 1773 with its first Chief Justice Elijah
(a) Lord Bentinck
Impey. The Indian Penal Code came into effect in the year
1860 AD. Hence both statement 2nd and 3rd are correct. (b) Warren Hastings
21. Who introduced ‘Financial Decentralization’ in (c) Lord Cornwallis
India? (d) Lord Curzon
(a) Lord Ripon (b) Lord Dalhousie UPPSC ACF-RFO (Main) I Paper 2019
(c) Charles Metcalfe (d) Lord Mayo Ans. (b) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
UKPSC Pre-2022 question.
Ans. (d): Financial Decentralization in India was started 26. The Ilbert Bill controversy was related to the-
by Lord Mayo in 1870. Lord Mayo came to India in (a) imposition of restrictions on the Indians of
1869 AD as the fourth Viceroy of India. The term of certain to carry arms by Indians
Lord Mayo was from 12 January 1869 to 8 February (b) imposition of restrictions on newspapers and
1872. The Department of Agriculture was established magazines published in Indian languages
for the first time in 1872 during the reign of Lord Mayo.
He was the first to conduct statistical survey of India in (c) removal of disqualifications imposed on the
1871. Indian magistrates with regard to the trial of the
Europeans
22. Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly
matched? (d) removal of a duty on imported cotton cloth
(a) Lord Ripon - Factories Act IAS (Pre) G.S. 2013
(b) Lord Lytton - Indian University Act Ans-(c) Ilbert Bill was named after Courtenay Peregrine
(c) Lord Chelmsford - Rowlat Act Ilbert, who was appointed as legal adviser to the
Council of India. The bill was introduced in 1883 by the
(d) Lord Curzon - Imperial Cadet Core
then Viceroy Lord Ripon, who actually desired to
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I abolish the racial prejudice from the Indian Penal Code.
Ans. (b) : In 1904 AD Lord Curzon passed the ‘Indian Ripon had proposed an amendment for existing laws in
University Act’, which tightened authority over Indian the country and to allow Indian judges and magistrates
universities. the jurisdiction to prosecute British offenders in
23. The dual system of governance in Bengal was criminal cases at the District level. It was never allowed
enforced by ––––––. before. So naturally, the Europeans living in India
looked it as a humiliation and the introduction of the bill
(a) Warren Hastings (b) William Bentinck
led to intense opposition in Britain as well as India (by
(c) Robert Clive (d) Lord Curzon the British residents). So it was withdrawn but was
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above reintroduced and enacted in 1884 in a severely
66th BPSC 2020 (Pre) compromised state.
History of Modern India 296 YCT
27. The Ilbert Bill disputes occurred in the time of Ans. (a): Ancient Monuments Preservation Act, 1904
which of the following British Viceroy in India? was passed during the term of Lord Curzon. Ancient
(a) Lord Dalhousie (b) Lord Ripon Monuments Preservation Act, 1904 was passed with the
(c) Lord Curzon (d) Lord Cornwallis prime objective to ensure the proper up-keep and repair
of ancient buildings in private ownership except those
UPPSC ACF-RFO (Main) I Paper 2019
used for religious purposes.
Ans. (b) : Kindly refer the explanation of above
question. 33. During the tenure of which Governor-General
was the ‘Ancient Monument Preservation Act’
28. In which year'' The Hindu Widow Remarriage
passed?
Act' was passed ?
(a) Lord Minto (b) Lord Linlithgow
(a) 1856 (b) 1858
(c) Lord Curzon (d) Lord Canning
(c) 1859 (d) 1862
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2005
MPPCS (Pre) 2019
UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Mains) 2005
Ans. (a) : One of the most famous reformers, Ishwar
Chandra Vidyasagar used the ancient texts to suggest that Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
widows could remarry. His suggestion was adopted by 34. Who was the first Portugese Governor in
British officials and the law (The Hindu Widow Remarriage India?
Act, 1856) was passed in 1856 permitting widow (a) Hawkins (b) Thomas
remarriage. The Widow Remarriage Act was drafted by
(c) Albuquerque (d) Francisco De
Lord Dalhousie and passed by Lord Canning before the
Almeida
Indian Rebellion of 1857. On 7th December, 1856 Iswar
Chandra Vidyasagar married the first widow. NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018
29. Who introduced Widow Remarriage Act? Ans. (d): Portuguese came in India with the arrival of
(a) Lord Dalhousie Vasco da Gama in 1498 in Calicut on the Malabar
(b) Lord Lytton
Coast. He was the first Portuguese who come to India.
(c) Lord Canning (d) Lord Curzon
After that Portuguese established a number of factories
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018 in India. Francisco De Almeida was a soldier and he
Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above was also first Portuguese Governor (1505) in India.
question. Albuquerque was also Portuguese Governor-General
30. The Widow Remarriage Act was passed during but not first. He served as Governor from 1509 to 1515
the Governor-Generalship of –––––. during which he expanded Portuguese influence across
the Indian Ocean.
(a) Lord Dalhousie
(b) Lord Canning 35. 'Ring Fence' is associated with:
(c) Lord Ripon (a) Lord Hastings (b) Warren Hastings
(d) Lord Warren Hastings (c) Dalhousie (d) Hunter
J&K PSC Pre-2018 NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018
Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above Ans. (b): Ring Fence policy was a doctrine enacted by
question. Warren Hastings which involved defending their
neighbour's frontiers in order to safeguard their own
31. During the reign of which Viceroy of India territories. This was reflected in the East India
elections were held for the first time in Indian Company’s war against the Marathas and Mysore
States? Kingdom. The policy of Ring Fence, started in 1757
(a) Lord Irwin (b) Lord Linlithgow and worked till 1913.
(c) Lord Mountbatten (d) Lord Curzon 36. The Policy of Ring of Fence is related to-
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018 (a) Warren Hastings (b) Lord Dalhousie
Ans. (b): Lord Linlithgow was the Viceroy of India (c) Henery Lawrence
(d) Lord Hastings
when the general elections were held for the first time in
BPSC (Pre) 2004-05
India. The elections were carried out in 1937 for 11
British Provinces. Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
32. 'Ancient Monuments Preservation Act' was 37. Ring Fence is associated to-
passed during term of: (a) Henery Lawrence (b) Dalhousie
(a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Mountbatten (c) Warren Hastings (d) Lord Hastings
(c) Lord Rippon (d) Lord Macaulay Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. Ist 2013
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018 Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 297 YCT
38. During the 'Sepoy-Mutiny' in 1857, who was Ans. (b) Lord William Bentick abolished the sati
the Viceroy of India? system in 1829 and suppression of Thugs was also
(a) Earl (Marques) of Dalhousie achieved in his tenure with the help of Colonel
(b) Lord Canning Sleeman. It is remarkable that the Thugs were active
across the country and they used to loot and murder the
(c) Earl of Mayo
innocent travellers.
(d) Earl of Elgin I
42. The Viceroy who followed aggressive policy
UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
towards Afghanistan was?
Ans: (b) Lord Canning was the Governor-General of
(a) Lord Mayo (b) Lord Lytton
India during the Sepoy Mutiny in 1857. During this
time, Palmerston was the Prime Minister of England. (c) Lord Dufferin (d) Lord Canning
Government of India act 1856 changed the name of the (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
post Governor General of India by Viceroy. BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019
39. Viceroy Lord Curzon, during his tenure called Ans-(b) The British government followed a neutral
Mr. Thomas Robertson to India in the context policy towards Afghanistan from 1862 to 1872. Lord
of Lytton (1876-80) adopted an aggressive policy towards
(a) Reforms in Education the Afghans and Amir Sher Ali was persuaded to accept
(b) Judicial Reforms the terms and conditions of the British.
(c) Military Reforms 43. Who among the following Governor-General
(d) Railway Reforms ridiculed congress as representing only a
UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018 'microscopic minority' of people?
Ans: (d) Viceroy Lord Curzon decided to improve (a) Lord Dufferin (b) Lord Curzon
railway facilities in India and also to make the railway (c) Lord Minto (d) Lord Lanstown
profitable to the government. He appointed a Railway UPPCS (Pre) - 2018
Commission under the chairmanship of Mr. Robertson Ans-(a) Lord Dufferin superseded Lord Ripon in 1884.
in 1901. Its recommendations were accepted by Curzon. He remained on the post of Viceroy from 1884 to 1888.
The railway lines were increased, the railway During Dufferin's tenure the foundation of the Indian
department was abolished and the management of the National Congress was an important incident. The first
railways was taken away from the hands of the Public
session of Indian National Congress took place in
Works Department and handed over to a Railway Board
Bombay, ridiculing this session of Congress, Lord
consisting of three members.
Dufferin called it an institution representing only a
40. With reference to the Civil Administration in 'microscopic minority' of people.
1905, which of the statements is/are correct?
44. Which Governor-General introduced the Civil
1. Lord Curzon decided to rearrange the Services for the first time in India?
provincial boundaries
(a) Warren Hastings (b) Lord Wellesley
2. A new province was constituted, called
East Bengal and Assam (c) Lord Cornwallis (d) Lord Dalhousie
Select the correct answer using the codes given Mizoram PSC (CCE) Pre-2017
below: Ans. (c): Charles Cornwallis reformed and
(a) 1 only (b) Both 1 and 2 implemented the Civil Service system in India.
(c) 2 only (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Cornwallis introduced two divisions of the Indian Civil
Service namely, covenanted and uncovenanted. The
UPPCS (Pre) 2019
covenanted civil service consisted of only Europeans
Ans. (b) Lord Curzon was purely imperialist. He that comprised the British personnel occupying the
decided to recognize the provincial boundaries. He higher posts in the government. The uncovenanted civil
divided Bengal into two parts viz. Bengal and East service was solely aimed at and introduced to facilitate
Bengal and Assam in the province citing the the entry of Indians at the subordinate posts of the
administrative reasons. administration. He is known as the father of civil
41. Under whose leadership was suppression of services in India.
Thugs achieved? 45. The Indian Public Service was enforced during
(a) Lord Clive (b) Captain Sleeman the period of-
(c) Lord Minto (d) Alexander Burnes (a) Bentinck (b) Cornwallis
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above (c) Curzon (d) Dalhousie
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019 UPPCS (Mains) Spl. 2004
History of Modern India 298 YCT
Ans. (b) Lord Cornwallis twice held the high post of Ans. (c) The correct chronological order of the
Governor-General. His first tenure lasted from 1786 AD following Governor General is as following-
to 1793 AD. For second time, he came to India in 1805 John Lawrence - 1864 - 1869
AD, but died before he could do any wonders again. Lord Lytton - 1876 - 1880
Lord Cornwallis was the first English nobleman to
come to India to undertake the office of the Governor Lord Dufferin - 1884 - 1888
General and also the first of Parliamentary Governor Lord Curzon - 1899 - 1905
Generals of India. He was also the first Governor 49. The Mont-Ford proposals in British India were
General to die in India (during his second term). He related to :
created Civil Service in India. He introduced a new (a) Constitutional Reforms
revenue system under the Permanent Settlement of (b) Educational Reforms
Bengal in 1793 AD with a view to stabilize land
revenue and create a loyal contented class of (c) Police Administration Reforms
Zamindars. To curb the corruption in the company, (d) Socio-economic Reforms
Cornwallis was given sufficient powers and authorities. Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
He put in place the rules and regulations for the servants Ans. (a): The Montague-Chelmsford reform was
of the Company. He exclusively divided the jurisdiction introduced by British Government in India in 1919.
of civil and judicial administration through “Cornwallis This reform is related to Constitutional reforms.
Code” which later transformed into Civil Services in
Indian nationalist considered that the reforms did not go
India. He set up courts in the states, districts and
far enough while conservative were critical of them.
provinces. So far Police was under the Zamindars. It
was taken away from Zamindars and handed over to the The Indians objected to this as they wanted more to say
Superintendent of the Police at District level. The Police in their affairs. The Montague-Chelmsford reforms
was Europeanized and were now paid salary and given disappointed the Muslim and Hindus as they had hoped
unlimited powers to arrest the suspected persons. for greater concession and control while government
reserved sweeping power for itself with only minor
46. Who among the following Governor-General concessions for the locals.
created the Covenanted Civil Service of India
which later came to be known as the Indian Civil 50. Consider the following statements:-
Service? 1. Robert Clive was the first Governor-General
(a) Warren Hastings (b) Wellesley of Bengal.
(c) Cornwallis (d) William Bentinck 2. William Bentinck was the first Governor-
General of India.
(Haryana PSC Pre 2014)
Which of the statements given above is/are
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
correct?
47. In 1877 the entrance age to ICS was reduced (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
from 21 to .............
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
(a) 17 (b) 18
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2007
(c) 19 (d) 20
Ans-(b) The Regulating Act, 1773 made Governor of
(Haryana PSC Pre 2014) Bengal Warren Hastings, the first Governor-General of
Ans-(c) Lord Lytton reduced the entrance age of ICS Bengal. The Charter Act, 1833 made the Governor-
from 21 to 19 years in 1877. General of Bengal, the Governor-General of British
48. Consider the following Governor-Generals and India and all financial and administrative powers were
arrange them in chronological order by choosing centralized in the hands of Governor General-in-
the correct code: Council. Thus, with Charter Act of 1833, Lord William
(i) Lord Lytton Bentinck became the 'First Governor-General of British
India'. Whereas Robert Clive was the first governor of
(ii) Lord Curzon Bengal. Hence only statement 2 is correct.
(iii) John Lawrence
51. Consider the following Viceroys of India during
(iv) Lord Dufferin the British rule-
Codes: 1. Lord Curzon
(a) (i) (iii) (ii) (iv) 2. Lord Chelmsford
(b) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii) 3. Lord Hardinge
(c) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii) 4. Lord Irwin
(d) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i) Which one of the following is the correct
Himachal Pradesh PSC Pre 2018 chronological order of their tenure?
History of Modern India 299 YCT
 (a) 1, 3, 2, 4 (b) 2, 4, 1, 3 Ans. (d) Lord John Lawrence served as the Governor-
(c) 1, 4, 2, 3 (d) 2, 3, 1, 4 General and Viceroy of India from 1864 to 1869 AD.
He introduced the ‘Policy of Masterly Inactivity.’
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2004
The Policy of ‘Permanent Settlement’ was introduced in
Ans-(a) The correct chronological order of Viceroys of 1793 AD by Lord Cornwallis, Lord Wellesley
India during the British rule is as follows- introduced ‘Subsidiary Alliance’ and Doctrine of Lapse
Lord Curzon - 1899-1905 was introduced by Lord Dalhousie in 1848 AD. The
‘Doctrine of Lapse’ started by Lord Dalhousie was
Lord Hardinge - 1910-1916
finally withdrawn in 1859 AD by Lord Canning.
Lord Chelmsford - 1916-1921
55. Which of the following is not correctly matched?
Lord Irwin - 1926-1931 (a) Lord Cornwallis : Permanent Settlement
52. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct (b) Lord Wellesley : Subsidiary Alliance System
answer using code given below the list- (c) Sir John Shore : Anglo-Nepal War
List-I List-II (d) Lord Hastings : Third Anglo-Maratha War
(Governor General) (Year of obtaining post) UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2014
A. Lord Curzon 1. 1905 Ans-(c) In the above mentioned options, Sir John Shore
B. Lord Minto 2. 1910 was not associated with Anglo-Nepal War. The First
C. Lord Hardinge 3. 1899 Anglo-Nepal War was fought in 1815 AD during the
tenure of Lord Warren Hastings.
D. Lord Irwin 4. 1926
56. Which of the following pairs is not correctly
Code: matched?
A B C D (a) Local Self-Governance - Lord Lytton
(a) 4 3 2 1 (b) Subsidiary Alliance - Lord Wellesley
(b) 3 2 4 1 (c) State Annexation Policy - Lord Dalhousie
(c) 3 1 2 4 (d) Permanent Settlement - Lord Cornwallis
(d) 1 3 4 2 UPPSC RO/ARO (Pre) 2017
UPPCS (J) Pre G.S. 2016 Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows-
Ans-(c) The correct match is as follows- Local Self-Governance - Lord Ripon
Subsidiary Alliance - Lord Wellesley
List-I List-II
State Annexation Policy - Lord Dalhousie
(Governor General) (Year of obtaining post)
(Doctrine of Lapse)
Lord Curzon - 1899
Permanent Settlement - Lord Cornwallis
Lord Minto - 1905
57. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
Lord Hardinge - 1910 (a) Lord Cornwallis - Permanent Settlement
Lord Irwin - 1926 (b) Lord Wellesley - Masterly Inactivity
53. Who was the last Governor General of India (c) Lord Dalhousie - Subsidiary Alliance
under the East India Company rule and also (d) Lord Canning - Foundation of Indian
the first Viceroy under the Crown rule?
National Congress
(a) Lord Dalhousie UP Lower (Pre) 1998
(b) Lord William Bentinck Ans-(a) The policy of Permanent Settlement was
(c) Lord Reading implemented by Lord Cornwallis in 1793 AD while the
(d) Lord Canning policy of Masterly Inactivity is related to John
Manipur PSC-2013 Lawrence. Policy of Subsidiary Alliance was
implemented by Lord Wellesley, Doctrine of Lapse is
Ans. (d): Lord Canning (1856-62) was the last
associated to Lord Dalhousie while the Indian National
Governor-General of India under the East India
Congress was founded by A. O. Hume on December 28,
Company rule and also the first Viceroy under the
1885 during the tenure of Lord Dufferin.
Crown rule.
58. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly
54. Which of the following is not correctly matched? matched?
(a) Lord Cornwallis Permanent Settlement (a) Hector Munro - Battle of Buxar
(b) Lord Wellesley Subsidiary Alliance (b) Lord Hastings - Anglo-Nepal War
(c) Lord Dalhousie Doctrine of Lapse (c) Lord Wellesley - Fourth Anglo-Mysore War
(d) Lord Canning Masterly Inactivity (d) Lord Cornwallis - Third Anglo-Maratha War
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998 UP UDA/LDA (Mains) 2010
History of Modern India 300 YCT
Ans. (d) The Third Anglo-Maratha War was fought Ans. (c) The correct match is as follows-
during the regime of Lord Warren Hastings not during Doctrine of Lapse - Lord Dalhousie
the regime of Lord Cornwallis. Hence option (d) is not
Partition of Bengal - Lord Curzon
correctly matched. The Fourth Anglo-Mysore War was
fought during the period of Lord Wellesley, Battle of Dual Government in Bengal - Robert Clive
Buxar was fought under the leadership of Hector Munro Social Reforms - Lord William Bentinck
and Anglo-Nepal War was fought during the regime of 62. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
Lord Warren Hastings. answer using the code given below-
59. Which one of the following is correctly matched? List-I List-II
(a) Lord Ellenborough - Annexation of Awadh I. Lord Dalhousie A. Prohibition of Sati
(b) Lord Dalhousie - Annexation of Sindh
II. Lord William Bentinck B. Local Self-
(c) Lord Wellesley - Fourth Anglo-Mysore War
Government
(d) Sir John Shore - Third Anglo-Maratha War
III. Lord Ripon C. Division of Bengal
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
IV. Lord Curzon D. Doctrine of Lapse
Ans-(c) The correct match is as follows-
Code:
Lord Ellenborough - Annexation of Sindh in
I II III IV
British State in August,
1843 (a) D A B C
Lord Dalhousie - Annexation of Awadh in (b) D B A C
1856 AD charging (c) A B C D
maladministration (d) C A B D
Lord Wellesley - Fourth Anglo-Mysore War UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1995
in 1799 AD Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows-
Lord Warren Hastings - Third Anglo-Maratha War Lord Dalhousie – Doctrine of Lapse
in 1817-18 AD
Lord William Bentinck – Prohibition of Sati
Hence, option (c) is correctly matched.
Lord Ripon – Local Self-Government
60. On the basis of alleged maladministration which
Lord Curzon – Division of Bengal
Governor-General had taken the administration
of Mysore state? 63. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
(a) Lord Wellesley answer from the code given below-
(b) Lord Hastings List-I List-II
(c) Lord William Bentinck 1. Clive A. Removal of Press
(d) Lord Hardinge restriction
UP Lower (Pre) 2003-04 2. Bentinck B. Partition of Bengal
Ans-(c) Lord William Bentinck took the charge of 3. Charles Metcalfe C. Dual Government in
Governor-General of Bengal in 1828 AD. He annexed Bengal
Mysore in 1831 AD on the basis of alleged 4. Curzon D. English Education
maladministration. Code:
61. Match the following and select the correct answer 1 2 3 4
from the code given below- (a) C D A B
(A) Doctrine of Lapse 1. Curzon (b) D A C B
(B) Partition of Bengal 2. Clive (c) B D C A
(C) Dual Government in Bengal 3. Dalhousie (d) C B A D
(D) Social Reforms 4.Bentinck
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994
Codes:
Ans-(a) The system of Dual Government was
A B C D introduced in Bengal by Robert Clive in 1765. In 1833
(a) 2 3 1 4 AD Lord Macaulay laid the foundation of English
(b) 3 1 4 2 education in India during the regime of Lord William
(c) 3 1 2 4 Bentinck. Charles Metcalfe removed the restriction
imposed on Press hence he is also known as ‘Liberator
(d) 2 3 4 1 of Newspaper.’ The Partition of Bengal occurred in
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2008 1905 AD during the period of Lord Curzon.
History of Modern India 301 YCT
64. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly 67. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly
matched? matched?
(a) Lord Dalhousie - Annexation of Awadh (a) Pitt's India Act – Warren Hastings
(b) Lord Dufferin - Establishment of (b) Doctrine of Lapse – Dalhousie
Indian National (c) Vernacular Press Act – Curzon
Congress
(d) Ilbert Bill – Ripon
(c) Lord William Bentinck - Passing of the Charter
Act, 1833 IAS (Pre) G.S. 2004
(d) Lord Lytton - Beginning of First Ans-(c) The correct matching is as follows-
Anglo-Afghan War Pitt's India Act-1784 - Warren Hastings
UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2013 Doctrine of Lapse-1848 - Lord Dalhousie
Ans-(d) The First Anglo-Afghan War was fought Vernacular Press Act-1878 - Lord Lytton
between the East India Company and Afghanistan from Ilbert Bill-1883-84 - Lord Ripon
1839 AD to 1842 AD during the regime of Governor-
68. When Lord Mountbatten became the first
General Lord Auckland. Hence option (d) is not
Governor-General of India, who among the
correctly matched. Lord Dalhousie annexed Awadh
following became the Governor-General for
declaring the state as maladministered in 1856. The
Pakistan?
Indian National Congress was founded by A. O. Hume
on October 28, 1885 during the regime of Lord (a) Lord Mountbatten (b) M. A. Jinnah
Dufferin. William Bentinck was Governor General of (c) Liaquat Ali Khan (d) Shaukat Ali
Bengal from 1828 to 1835. Therefore the Charter Act of UPSC CDS Ist 2010
1833 was passed during his time.
Ans-(b) When Lord Mountbatten became the first
65. Which among the following is not correctly Governor-General of Independent India, Mohammad
matched? Ali Jinnah became the Governor-General for Pakistan.
(a) Lord Cornwallis - Permanent Settlement It is worth notable that C. Rajagopalachari was the first
(b) Lord Wellesley - Subsidiary Alliance Indian Governor-General of Independent India.
System 69. Which one of the following pairs (Governor-
(c) Lord Hastings - Second Anglo-Maratha General and Event) is properly matched?
War (a) Lord Cornwallis - Regulating Act
(d) Lord William Bentinck - Seventeenth Regulation (b) Lord Wellesley - Permanent Settlement
of 1829
(c) Lord Ellenborough - Annexation of Sindh
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2003
(d) Lord Dalhousie - First Afghan War
Ans-(c) The Second Anglo-Maratha War was fought
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2008
from 1803 AD to 1806 AD during the regime of Lord
Wellesley and the Third Anglo-Maratha War was Ans-(c) The Regulating Act was passed during the
fought from 1817 AD to 1819 AD during the regime of regime of Lord Warren Hastings in 1773 AD. It was the
Lord Warren Hastings. After defeating Marathas in the first parliamentary ratification and authorization
Third Anglo-Maratha War, Hastings abolished the title defining the powers and authority of the East India
of ‘Peshwa’ and merged all the regions of Peshwa in Company with respect to its Indian possessions. The
Bombay Presidency. Other options are correctly Act provided for appointment of a Governor-General
matched. along with four Councilors in the Presidency of Fort
66. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly William (Calcutta), jointly called the Governor-General
matched? in Council. As per this, Warren Hastings was appointed
(a) Policy of Ring Fence - Warren Hastings as the Governor-General of the Presidency of Fort
William. The Governors in Councils at Madras and
(b) Suppression of Thugi - William Bentinck
Bombay were brought under the control of Bengal,
(c) Vernacular Press Act - Curzon especially in matters of foreign policy. Now, they could
(d) Ilbert Bill - Ripon not wage war against Indian states without Bengal’s
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2016 approval. Lord Cornwallis introduced the Permanent
Ans-(c) The Vernacular Press Act was passed by Lord Settlement. The Annexation of Sindh took place in 1843
Lytton the then Viceroy of India in 1878 to mitigate the AD during the reign of Governor-General Lord
freedom of the Indian Language Press. Lord Ripon Ellenborough (1842-44 AD). The First Afghan War
repealed the Vernacular Press Act in 1882 AD. All (1838-42 AD) took place during the reign of Lord
other options are correctly matched. Auckland (1836-42 AD).
History of Modern India 302 YCT
70. With reference to colonial period of Indian 73. Which one among the following pairs is not
history, match List I (Person) with List II (Event) correctly matched?
and select the correct answer using the codes (a) Lord Wellesley : Subsidiary Alliance
given below the lists: (b) Lord William Bentinck : English Education
List-I List-II (c) Warren Hastings : Local Self
A. MacDonald 1. Doctrine of Lapse Government
B. Linlithgow 2. Communal Award (d) Lord Lytton : Vernacular Press Act
C. Dalhousie 3. August Offer UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2011
D. Chelmsford 4. Dyarchy Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Code: 74. Who was responsible for encouraging the local
self-government in India?
A B C D
(a) Lord Canning (b) Lord Lytton
(a) 2 3 1 4
(c) Lord Ripon (d) Lord Dufferin
(b) 3 2 4 1
Uttarakhand PSC (Mains) 2002-03
(c) 2 1 3 4
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996, 2010
(d) 2 3 4 1
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2002
75. Local Self-Government institutions in India were
Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows- strengthened in 1882 by-
MacDonald - Communal Award (a) George Barlow (b) Lord Ripon
Linlithgow - August Offer (c) Lord Curzon (d) Lord Lytton
Lord Dalhousie - Doctrine of Lapse UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994
Chelmsford - Dyarchy Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
71. The first Census in India during the British 76. Who amongst the following is considered to be
period was held during the tenure of- the ‘Father of Local Self-Government’ in India?
(a) Lord Dufferin (a) Lord Dalhousie (b) Lord Canning
(b) Lord Lytton (c) Lord Curzon (d) Lord Ripon
(c) Lord Mayo UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2015
(d) Lord Ripon Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000 77. Who was the last Viceroy of India?
Ans-(c) The first Census in India started in 1872 AD (a) Lord Irwin
during the regime of Lord Mayo. It is worth notable that
the regular Census began in 1881 AD during the period (b) Rajagopalachari
of Lord Ripon. (c) Lord Mountbatten
72. The first Factory Act restricting the working (d) Lord Minto II
hours of women and children, and authorizing Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2006
local governments to make necessary rules was Ans-(c) Lord Mountbatten (1947-48) was the last
adopted during whose time? Viceroy and first Governor-General of Independent
(a) Lord Lytton (b) Lord Bentinck India. It is worth notable that C. Rajagopalachari was
(c) Lord Ripon (d) Lord Canning the last and the first Indian Governor-General of India
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2007 and the first Indian to occupy the post.
Ans-(c) The then British Prime Minister Gladstone sent 78. Who of the following was the first Governor-
Lord Ripon as Viceroy of India in 1880 AD. Ripon was General of Independent India?
liberal in his attitude and made some remarkable (a) Lord Mountbatten (b) Sir Stafford Cripps
changes in the administrative system of India. To (c) C. Rajagopalachari (d) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
improve the lot of the factory workers in towns, he
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. IInd 2014
passed the first Factory Act in 1881 AD. The Act
prohibited the employment of children under the age of Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
seven years, limited the number of working hours for 79. The last Viceroy of India was-
children below the age of twelve years and required that (a) Lord Wavell (b) Lord Mountbatten
dangerous machinery should be fenced properly. Lord (c) Lord Linlithgow (d) Claude Auchinleck
Ripon is also remembered for his attempts to establish
local self-government in 1882 AD. He is considered to MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2010
be the ‘Father of Local Self-Government.’ Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 303 YCT
80. The first Indian Governor-General of 86. Which Governor-General was prosecuted for
Independent India was- impeachment?
(a) Dadabhai Naoroji (b) Jai Prakash Narayan (a) Warren Hastings (b) Lord Clive
(c) Abul Kalam Azad (d) C. Rajagopalachari (c) Lord Cornwallis (d) Lord Wellesley
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2006 MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1992
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
81. The first and last Indian Governor-General was- 87. Which Viceroy was murdered by a convicted
(a) R. M. Gopala (b) Dr. S. Radhakrishnan criminal when he was on a walk at Andaman and
(c) C. Rajagopalachari (d) Ramanuj Acharya Nicobar Island?
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1998 (a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Ripon
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006 (c) Lord Mayo (d) Lord Minto
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2011 UPPCS Spl. (Pre) G.S. 2004
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(c) Lord Mayo had served as the Viceroy and
82. The only Indian Governor-General was- Governor-General of India from 1869 AD to 1872
(a) C. Rajagopalachari AD. He started the process of decentralization of
(b) Pattabhi Sitaramaiyya finance. In foreign affairs, he followed the policy of
non-intervention. He opened up Mayo College in Ajmer
(c) Rajendra Prasad
for educating children of the aristocratic families.
(d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel India’s census began during his tenure. He was the first
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006 Governor-General to be murdered in office by a
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. convicted Afghani Pathan Sher Ali while he was
83. The first Indian who served at the post of inspecting the conditions in the convict settlement of the
Governor-General of Independent India was- Andaman and Nicobar Islands in 1872 AD.
(a) Jamanalal Bajaj (b) C. Rajagopalachari 88. Which of the following Viceroy of India was
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad (d) M. A. Ansari murdered by a convicted criminal when he was
BPSC (Pre) 2003-04 on a walk at Andaman and Nicobar Island?
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. (a) Lord Ripon (b) Lord Curzon
84. The last Governor-General of Independent India (c) Lord Mayo (d) Lord Minto
was- UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2013
(a) Lord Mountbatten (b) C. Rajagopalachari Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) Rajendra Prasad (d) None of the above 89. Which Viceroy was murdered in his office?
BPSC (Pre) 1996 (a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Mayo
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2003 (c) Lord Ripon (d) Lord Wellesley
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2009-10
85. Who of the following was impeached in the Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
British Parliament?
90. Who among the following was related to the
(a) Sir John Shore (b) Lord Clive policy of ‘Masterly Inactivity’?
(c) Warren Hastings (d) General Dyer (a) William Bentinck (b) Lord Canning
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006 (c) Lord Mayo (d) Lord Lawrence
Ans-(c) The impeachment of Warren Hastings was a UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1997
failed attempt between 1788 AD to 1795 AD
to impeach the first Governor-General of Bengal in Ans-(d) Lord John Lawrence served as the Viceroy of
the Parliament of Great Britain. Hastings was accused India from 1864 AD to 1869 AD. The policy of
of misconduct during his time in Calcutta, particularly ‘Masterly Inactivity’ was followed by the British
relating to mismanagement and personal corruption. against Afghanistan from 1860 AD to 1876 AD. It was
The prosecution was led by Edmund Burke and became conceived by Lord John Lawrence. The policy of
an issue of wider debate about the role of the East India Masterly Inactivity was opposed to the policy of
Company and the expanding empire in India. It is worth misdirected war and activity. As long as Russia was out
notable that the Regulating Act, 1773 made Governor of of Afghanistan, the British remained inactive in Afghan
Bengal, Warren Hastings the Governor-General of affairs. It is worth notable that the policies of Lord
Bengal. Elgin (1862-63), Lord Lawrence (1864-69), Lord Mayo
History of Modern India 304 YCT
(1869-72) and Lord Northbrook (1872-76) are Europeans. Lord Ripon had a marathon discussion with
collectively called the period of Policy of Masterly Sir C. P. Ilbert to change the Act, thereby favouring the
Inactivity. The main objective of the British policy Indians. This Act caused the famous Ilbert Bill or the
during this period was let things go quietly on to give White Mutiny.
the land rest. It was opposite to the “Forward Policy” of 95. The Archaeological Survey of India was
Lord Lytton. established in the period of-
91. The Governor-General who annexed Sindh in (a) Lord Curzon
British India was- (b) Lord Wellesley
(a) Lord Auckland (b) Lord Hastings (c) Lord William Bentinck
(c) Lord Ellenborough (d) Lord Dalhousie (d) Warren Hastings
UPPSC ACF (Pre) 2017 UP Lower (Pre) 2009
Ans-(c) Replacing Lord Auckland in 1842 AD, Lord UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010
Ellenborough came to India as Governor-General and in Ans-(a) The first systematic research into the
the same year he appointed Charles James Napier as subcontinent's history was conducted by the Asiatic
Major General of British Army replacing Major Society, which was founded by William Jones in 1784
Outram. The Battle of Miani was a battle between AD. The Archaeological Survey of India is an Indian
forces of the Bombay Army of the British East India government agency attached to the Ministry of Culture
Company under Charles Napier and the Baluch Army that is responsible for archaeological research and the
of Talpur Amirs of Sindh, led by Mir Nasir Khan conservation and preservation of cultural monuments in
Talpur. The battle took place in 1843 AD at Miani, the country. It was founded in 1861 AD by Alexander
Sindh. This battle eventually led to the capture of parts Cunningham who also became its first Director-
of Sindh region, first territorial possession by British General. Lord Curzon integrated and centralized
East India Company. The whole of Sindh was annexed Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) during his tenure
in British India in 1843 AD and the Amirs of Sind, their and appointed John Marshall as new Director-General
kith and kin were taken prisoners and then these of ASI in 1901.
broken-hearted and miserable men were sent to Burma 96. Who compared the administration of Curzon in
in exile. India with Aurangzeb?
Note:- Baluchi Chiefs were collectively known as (a) B. G. Tilak (b) G. K. Gokhale
“Amirs of Sindh.” (c) Dadabhai Naoroji (d) Annie Besant
92. The British annexed Sindh in- UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012
(a) 1843 (b) 1845 Ans-(b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale compared the
(c) 1849 (d) 1854 administration of Lord Curzon in India with Aurangzeb.
He said “There we find the same attempt at a rule
UPPCS (Mains) Ist Paper 2015 excessively centralized and intensely personal, the same
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. strenuous purpose, the same overpowering
93. The annexation of Sindh completed during the consciousness of duty, the same persistence in a policy
period of- of distrust and repression, resulting in bitter
exasperation all round”. Gokhale said that Lord Curzon
(a) Lord Ellenborough (b) Lord Hardinge
did not understand India, he thought India was a country
(c) Lord Auckland (d) Lord Amherst where Englishmen were to monopolize all power.
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012 97. Which one of the following Viceroys was
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. compared with Aurangzeb by Gopal Krishna
94. Under whose Vice-royalty the White Mutiny Gokhale?
occurred? (a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Ripon
(a) Lord Curzon (b) Earl of Minto (c) Lord Lytton (d) Lord Irwin
(c) Lord Ripon (d) Lord Hardinge Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2009 Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2012 98. “The Congress is tottering to its fall and one of my
Ans-(c) The White Mutiny took place during the period great ambitions while in India is to assist it to a
of Lord Ripon (1880-84). The Ilbert Bill was introduced peaceful demise.” This statement is attributed to-
in 1883 during the Viceroyship of the Marquess of (a) Lord Dufferin (b) Lord Curzon
Ripon, which was written by Sir Courtenay Peregrine (c) Lord Lytton (d) None of the above
Ilbert (The law member of the Viceroy's Council). IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998
According to the said Act, Indian judges could try BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2016
History of Modern India 305 YCT
Ans. (b) In 1900 AD, Lord Curzon wrote to the the Treaty of Sugauli in 1816, which ceded some Nepalese
Secretary of State that "the Congress is tottering to its controlled territory to the British. As per the treaty, Nepal
fall, and one of my great ambitions, while in India is to lost all Sikkim (including Darjeeling), the territories
assist it to a peaceful demise." In 1887, Dufferin of Kumaon and Garhwal and Western Terai region.
attacked the National Congress in a public speech and 103. The Treaty of Sugauli took place in-
ridiculed it as representing only "a microscopic minority
(a) 1800 A.D. (b) 1803 A.D.
of the people"
(c) 1805 A.D. (d) 1815 A.D.
99. The Governor-General who followed a spirited
'Forward Policy' towards Afghanistan was- Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2016
(a) Minto (b) Dufferin Ans-(d) Treaty of Sugauli was drafted in December
(c) Elgin (d) Lytton 1815, however the treaty was signed on 4 March, 1816.
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999 104. Who among the following has been called as
Ans-(d) The Conservative Prime Minister of England, a "Heaven Born General"?
Benjamin Disraeli appointed Lord Lytton as Viceroy of (a) Albuquerque (b) Robert Clive
India in 1876 AD. He replaced the policy of ‘Masterly
(c) Francis Dupleix (d) Lord Cornwallis
Inactivity’ and followed the spirited ‘Forward Policy.’
100. At a time when empires in Europe were UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2009
crumbling before the might of Napoleon, which Ans-(b) Robert Clive's brilliant leadership at Arcot gave
one of the following Governors- General kept the him an immense reputation in Europe. When he went
British flag flying high in India? home in 1753 AD, William Pitt the Elder, the then
(a) Warren Hastings (b) Lord Cornwallis British Prime Minister called him a "Heaven-Born
(c) Lord Wellesley (d) Lord Hastings General." After running unsuccessfully for Parliament,
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999 Clive returned to India in 1755 AD as Governor of Fort
St. David and as Lieutenant Colonel in the royal army.
Ans-(c) At a time when empires in Europe were
crumbling before the might of Napoleon, Governor- 105. Who among the following is the author of the
General Lord Wellesley (1789-1805) kept the British book 'The Problems of the Far East'?
flag flying high in India. He vigorously applied the (a) Lawrence (b) Curzon
Subsidiary Alliance system according to which the
(c) Churchill (d) Ellenborough
company undertook to defend the territories of an
Indian ally and for that purpose stationed a subsidiary UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2015
force in the territory of the state. Ans-(b) The author of the book ‘The Problem of the Far
101. The Tomb of Lord Cornwallis is situated at- East’ is Lord Curzon.
(a) Ghazipur (b) Ballia 106. Who among the following freed Indian
(c) Varanasi (d) Gorakhpur newspapers from strict control?
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011 (a) William Bentinck (b) John Adam
Ans-(a) The British General Charles Cornwallis was (c) Charles Metcalfe (d) Ellenborough
appointed in February, 1786 to serve as both
UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006
Commander-in-Chief of British India and Governor-
General of the Presidency of Fort William also known Ans-(c) Lord Charles Metcalfe (Governor-General of
as the Bengal Presidency. At the age of 67 years he was India 1835-36) had succeeded Lord William Bentinck
again sent to India in 1805 AD where he died on being senior member of council. His short term of office
October 5, 1805 and was buried in Ghazipur district of is memorable for the measure which his predecessor
Uttar Pradesh. had initiated, but which he carried into execution. He is
102. Anglo-Nepal War took place during the reign of- best known for giving entire liberty to the press. Due to
(a) Lord Cornwallis (b) Lord Hastings his liberal policy towards press, he is known as
(c) Lord Wellesley (d) Warren Hastings ‘Liberator of Indian Press.’
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010 107. Which among the following Governor-Generals
Ans-(b) The Anglo-Nepal War (1814–16), also known had abolished slavery in India?
as the Gurkha War, was fought during the regime of (a) Lord Cornwallis
Lord Hastings between the Kingdom of (b) Lord Ellenborough
Gorkha (present-day Federal Democratic Republic of
(c) Lord William Bentinck
Nepal) and the East India Company as a result of border
disputes and ambitious expansionism of both the (d) Sir John Shore
belligerent parties. The war ended with the signing of UP UDA/LDA (Mains) 2010
History of Modern India 306 YCT
Ans-(b) Slavery was abolished in India by Act-V of 113. The one at whose state entry into Delhi a bomb
1843 by the then Governor-General of India, Lord was thrown-
Ellenborough. He served the office of Governor- (a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Mayo
General of India from 1842 AD to 1844 AD.
(c) Lord Minto (d) Lord Hardinge
108. Public Works Department was organized in UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2008
1845-1855 by-
Ans-(d) In 1911, during the visit of King George and
(a) Lord Dalhousie (b) Lord Cornwallis
Queen Mary to India, the King made two
(c) George Auckland (d) Warren Hastings announcements. First, he revoked the partition of
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2013 Bengal and secondly, he announced the transfer of the
Ans-(a) The Public Works Department was established capital from Calcutta (now Kolkata) to New Delhi. But
by Lord Dalhousie (1848-1856). It is worth notable that the Indian atmosphere was far from calm and a bomb
before Lord Dalhousie the public construction was was thrown at the Viceroy Lord Hardinge as he passed
under army board. through Chandni Chowk on his state entry into the city.
109. Who among the following established Public 114. "Swaraj should be for the general public, not
Works Department in India? only for special classes", the popular formula
(a) Lord William Bentinck (b) Lord Dalhousie announced by-
(c) Lord Wellesley (d) Lord Cornwallis (a) C. R. Das (b) C. Rajagopalachari
UPPSC ACF (Pre) 2017 (c) Motilal Nehru (d) Gopinath Saha
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
110. Who addressed Gandhiji as ‘One Man Boundary Ans-(b) The first Indian and last Governor-General of
Force’? independent India, C. Rajagopalachari believed that
(a) Churchill (b) Attlee “Swaraj should be for the general public, not for special
classes.” It is worth notable that C.R. Das along with
(c) Mountbatten (d) Simon
Motilal Nehru had founded Swaraj Party in 1923.
UPPCS (Pre) Re-Exam 2015
115.James Andrew Ramsay was the real name of
Ans-(c) Lord Mountbatten addressed Mahatma Gandhi which Governor-General of India?
as ‘One Man Boundary Force.’
(a) Lord Dalhousie (b) Lord Canning
111. Who had the longest tenure as the Viceroy of
(c) Lord North (d) Lord Curzon
India?
(a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Dufferin Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2016
(c) Lord Hardinge (d) Lord Mayo Ans-(a) James Andrew Ramsay Brown was the real
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2009 name of Lord Dalhousie. He served the office of
Governor-General of India from 1848 AD to 1856 AD.
Ans-(a) But of the given options, Lord Curzon had the
longest tenure as the Viceroy of India. He served the 116. The revolt of Vellore occurred during the reign
office of Viceroy of India from 1899 AD to 1905 AD of-
while Lord Dufferin was the Viceroy of India from (a) Wellesley (b) Lord Minto
1884 AD to 1888 AD, Lord Hardinge was the Viceroy (c) Lord Cornwallis (d) Sir George Barlow
of India from 1844 AD to 1848 AD and Lord Mayo was (e) None of these
the Viceroy of India from 1869 AD to 1872 A.D.
Chhattisgarh PCS (Pre) G.S. 2016
Note :- Lord Linlithgow (1936-43) was the longest
serving Viceroy of India. Ans-(d) The Vellore mutiny of July 10, 1806 was the
first instance of a large-scale and violent mutiny by
112. Who among the following was the only Jewish Indian sepoys against the East India Company,
Viceroy of India? predating the Indian Rebellion of 1857 by half a
(a) Lord Curzon (b) Lord Canning century. The revolt took place in the South Indian city
(c) Lord Irwin (d) Lord Reading of Vellore. Some non sensible orders were passed by Sir
UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2014 John Cradock and Lord Howdon, the Commander-in-
Chief in Madras to regulate the dress of the sepoys. The
Ans-(d) Lord Chelmsford was succeeded by Lord
orders included the change of turbans to look more like
Reading (Rufus Isaacs) in 1921 as Governor-General
the British helmet. Besides that, the Hindu Brahmin
and Viceroy of India. He was the only Jewish Viceroy
Sepoys were ordered to put caste marks on their
of India. He served the office of Viceroy of India from
foreheads and the Muslims were ordered to get rid of
1921 to 1926. Prior to this, he was Lord Chief Justice of
their beards. It appeared to the sepoys that they were
England from 1913 to 1921.
History of Modern India 307 YCT
 going to be "Christianized" which sparked a feeling of Ans-(d) Lord Dalhousie was the Governor-General of
rebellion. On the midnight of July 10, 1806, a crowd India from 1848 AD to 1856 AD. He was responsible
gathered, with sepoys among them led by one of Tipu for introducing a variety of modern reforms such as the
Sultan's son, Shahzada Abdul Khaliq Sultan Sahib railways, telegraph and postal networks, and public
(1782-1806) revolted. During this revolt, Sir George works in India. The Factories Act was passed in 1881
Barlow was the Governor-General of Bengal. AD during the regime of Lord Ripon.
117. Which among the following Viceroy period The Act prohibited the employment of children under
the title of ‘Rai Bahadur’ and ‘Khan Bahadur’ the age of seven years, limited the number of working
were began to be conferred to Indians? hours for children below the age of twelve years and
(a) Lord Ripon (b) Lord Lytton required that dangerous machinery should be fenced
(c) Lord Mayo (d) Lord Dufferin properly. The Act also made provision for one hour rest
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above during the working period and four days leave in a
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017 month for the workers. Inspectors were appointed to
supervise the implementation of these measures.
Ans-(b) During the Viceroy period of Lord Lytton, the
title of ‘Rai Bahadur’ and ‘Khan Bahadur’ were began 120. Who was the first Governor-General of India?
to be conferred to Indian. (a) Lord Mayo (b) Lord Lytton
118. Match List I with List II and select the (c) Lord Canning (d) Lord Dufferin
correct answer using the code given below: (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
List I List II
66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre)
(Governor General) (Important Policy)
A. Lord Cornwallis 1. Partition of Bengal Ans. (e) : By the charter Act of 1833, the designation of
B. Lord Wellesley 2. Doctrine of Lapse Governor-General of Bengal was changed to the
Governor-General of India, making Lord William
C. Lord Dalhousie 3. Permanent
Bentinck, the first Governor-General of India.
Settlement
D. Lord Curzon 4. Subsidiary Alliance 121. Who was the founder of British Empire in
India?
Codes:
A B C D (a) C. Sleeman (b) Lord Minto
(a) 3 4 2 1 (c) Lord Clive (d) Lord Mayo
(b) 1 2 4 3 (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
(c) 3 2 4 1 66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre)
(d) 1 4 2 3
Ans. (c) : Robert Clive is regarded as the "founder of
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2012
British rule in India". He commanded the British forces
Ans-(a) The correct matching of Governor-Generals of East India Company at the "Battle of Plassey" that
with their policies are as follows-
decided the fate of British rule in India.
Governor-General Important Policy
122. Who founded the Imperial Cadet Corps?
Lord Cornwallis Permanent Settlement
(a) Lord Minto (b) Lord Curzon
Lord Wellesley Subsidiary Alliance
(c) Lord Lytton (d) Lord Ripon
Lord Dalhousie Doctrine of Lapse
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Lord Curzon Partition of Bengal
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
119. Dalhousie has been regarded as the maker of
modern India because he brought about reforms Ans-(b) In November 1904, the form of Commission
and made a beginning in many fields. Which one for Imperial Cadet Corps was signed and approved by
among the following was not one of his schemes Secretary of State for India and thus Imperial Cadet
of reforms? Corp came into being for the first time under the direct
(a) Educational reforms surveillance of Lord Curzon. Major D. H. Cameroon
was made its commandant and Maharaja Pratap Singh
(b) Construction of railways and introduction of
telegraph and postal services of Idar was made its Honorary Commandant. The
selected youths between 17-20 years were to be
(c) Establishment of a public works department
admitted as Imperial Cadets and their education was to
(d) Factories Act to improve the condition of Indian be at one of the Chief’s college at Rajkot, Indore,
labour
Lahore or Ajmer. The selected cadets had to join the
UPSC CDS G.S. Ist 2012 corps at Dehradun.
History of Modern India 308 YCT

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46.
Various Newspapers/Magazines,
Books and Their Authors/Editors
1. He wrote biographies of Mazzini, Garibaldi, 5. Which of the following books has not been
Shivaji and Shri Krishna; stayed in America for written by Dr. Ambedkar?
some time; and was also elected to the Central (a) Thoughts on Pakistan
Assembly. He was (b) Annihilation of Caste
(a) Aurobindo Ghosh (c) The Problem of Rupee: Its Origin and its
(b) Bipin Chandra Pal solution
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai (d) Servants of India
(d) Motilal Nehru JPSC (Pre) 2024-I
IAS (Pre) 2018 Ans. (d) : Among the books, Servants of India is
Ans-(c) Lala Lajpat Rai adopted Mazzini as his own authored by R.K. Laxman while rest all books are
guru after reading Surendranath’s speeches. In 1896, he written by Dr. Ambedkar.
wrote a series of books in Urdu, which he named the
6. Which one of the following was a journal
‘Great Men of the World’. The first great man he chose
brought out by Abul Kalam Azad?
was his Italian guru Giuseppe Mazzini and then
Garibaldi, along with Shivaji, Dayananda and Sri (a) The Comrade
Krishna. His purpose in selecting Mazzini and Garibaldi (b) Al-Hilal
was to infuse patriotic sentiment in the youth of Punjab. (c) Zamindar
2. Which one of the following was an emigree (d) More than one of the above
Communist journal of M. N. Roy? (e) None of the above
(a) Kisan Sahba (b) The Worker 68th BPSC 2022
(c) Vanguard (d) Anushilan
Ans. (b): Al-Hilal was a journal brought out by Abul
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1995 Kalam Azad. Al-Hilal was a urdu journal. The paper
Ans-(c) Vanguard was the emigree communist journal was eminent for its analysis of the British Raj in India
of M. N. Roy. and its appeal to Indian Muslims to join the developing
3. What is the name of the author of the historical Indian autonomy development. Al-Hilal was published
novel 'Durgesh Nandini' written in Bengali from 1912 to 1914, when it was closed down under the
language ? Press Act.
(a) Devendra Nath 7. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
(b) Bankim Chandra Chatterjee answer from the code given below the lists.
(c) Rabindranath Tagore List-I List-II
(d) Hemchandra Bandopadhyay (Newspaper/Magazine) (Place of publication)
MPPSC (Pre) 2024 23/06/2024 A. Swadesh 1. Agra
Ans.(b): The historical novel Durgesh Nandini was B. Bharat Bandhu 2. Almora
authored by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. C. Satyawadi 3. Hathras
4. With which of the following newspapers was 4. Shakti 4. Gorakhpur
Gandhiji not associated? Code:
(a) Young India (b) India Mirror A B C D
(c) Harijan (d) Indian Opinion (a) 3 2 1 4
JPSC (Pre) 2024-I (b) 4 3 1 2
Ans. (b) : Among the newspapers, Young India, The (c) 2 3 4 1
Harijan, and Indian Opinion are associated with (d) 1 2 3 4
Mahatma Gandhi Ji while Indian Mirror was associated
with Man Mohan Ghosh and Devendranath Tagore. UPPCS Pre 2022

History of Modern India 309 YCT

 Ans. (b): The correctly match is follows- 11. Consider the following statements :
(Newspaper/Magazine) (Place of publication) (1) Congress Socialist Party was established in
Swadesh - Gorakhpur 1934
Bharat Bandhu - Hathras (2) The book "Marx, Gandhi and Socialism"
Satyawadi - Agra was written by Jai Prakash Narayan
Shakti - Almora (3) The book "Radical Humanist" was written
by M.N. Roy
8. The following book was translated by Gandhiji
(4) The book "Unhappy India" was written by
with the title Sarvodaya :
Lala Lajpat Rai
(a) John Ruskin I. Unto This Last
Choose the correct answer from the options
(b) Leo Tolstoy II. The Kingdom of given below:
God is Within You
(a) (2) and (4) only
(c) Karl Marx III. Das Kapital
(b) (2) and (3) only
(d) Maxim Gorky IV. The lower Depths
(c) (1) and (4) only
APPSC (Pre) 2023
(d) (3) and (4) only
Ans. (a): Gandhiji translated John Ruskin's book 'Unto
This Last' with the title Sarvodaya. Himachal PSC (Pre) 2023
Sarvodaya is a term meaning 'Universal Uplift' or Ans. (d) : The book Unhappy India was written by Lala
'Progress of All'. Lajpat Rai and Radical Humanist was written by M.N.
The term was first raised by Mohandas Gandhi as the Roy. From the given options, option (d) is correct while
title of his 1908 translation of John Ruskin's tract on Marx, Gandhi and socialism was written by
political economy, "Unto the last". Rammanohar Lohia not Jai Prakash Narayan. So, option
(1), (3) & (4) are correct and congress socialist party
Gandhi came to use the term for the idea of his own
political philosophy. was established in 1934.

9. Who was the author the 'The Philosophy on the 12. Who is the author of the book- "The Nation
Bonb'? and its Fragments: Colonial and Post-colonial
Histories"?
(a) Batukeshwar Datta
(a) Partha Chatterjee (b) Gurpreet Mahajan
(b) Bhagat Singh
(c) Yogendra Yadav (d) B. R. Ambedkar
(c) Bhagwati Charan Vohra
Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022
(d) Rash Behari Bose
UPPSC (J) 2023 Ans. (a) : The author of the book 'The Nation and its
Fragments: Colonial and post colonial History' is Partha
Ans. (c) : Revolutionary freedom fighter Bhagwati Chatterjee. In this book, the prominent theorist Partha
Charan Vohra died on May 28, 1930, as a result of an Chatterjee looks at the creative and powerful results of
explosion while testing a bomb. Vohra was the author
the nationalist imagination in Asia and Africa that are
of the famous article titled 'The philosophy of Bomb.
posited not on identity but on difference with the
Vohra was a voracious reader and a great writer as well.
nationalism propagated by the west.
He was appointed the propaganda secretary of the
Naujawan Bharat Sabha. 13. The author of Hind Swaraj was
10. In what language was the Indian National (a) Gandhi (b) Savarkar
Anthem (Jana Gana Mana) originally (c) Ambedkar (d) S. N. Banerjee
composed? Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022
(a) Bengali (b) Punjabi Ans. (a): Mahatma Gandhi was the author of Hind
(c) Hindi (d) Marathi Swaraj or Indian Home Rule. HIND SWARAJ, the title
Mizoram PSC (Pre) 2023 of the first definitive writing of Mahatma Gandhi in
Ans. (a): The song Jana-Gana-Mana, composed 1909 in Gujrati, and which continues to evoke critical
originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore was interest in the world over even now, literally means
adopted in its Hindi version by the constituent assembly 'self-rule in India".
as the National Anthem of India on 24 January 1950. 14. In A.D. 1894, the Kashi Nagri Pracharini
Hence option (a) is correct. Sabha was founded in
Rabindranath Tagore had published it in 'Tatvabodhini' (a) Delhi (b) Bombay
in 1912 with the title 'Bharat Bhagya Vidhata' and (c) Madras (d) Calcutta
translated it into English in 1919 with the title 'Morning (e) Answer not known
Song of India.'
TNPSC (Pre) 2022
History of Modern India 310 YCT
Ans. (e): The Nagari Pracharini Sabha (Devnagri: 17. Who was the author of 'Gandhi Versus Lenin'
society for promotion of Nagari) also known as Kashi pamphlet published in 1921?
Nagari Prachanini Sabha, was an organization founded (a) S. A. Dange
in 1893 at the Queen's College, Varanasi for the (b) M. N. Roy
promotion of the Devanagari script over the more (c) S. V. Deshpandey
common Kaithi Script used for Hindi languages.
(d) R. S. Nimbker
So, all the four given options are incorrect. UPPSC APO 2022
15. What is the title of the Doctoral Thesis of Dr. Ans. (a) : S. A. Dange (Shripad Amrit Dange) was the
B.R. Ambedkar in 1923? author of 'Gandhi Versus Lenin' pamphlet published in
(a) The problem of the Rupee 1921. He also started the first socialist weekly called
(b) Caste system "The Socialist". In 1924, many communists- S.A.
Dange, Muzaffar Ahmed, Shaukat Usmani and Nalini
(c) Untouchability in India
Gupta were Jailed in the Kanpur Bolshevik conspiracy.
(d) Unbritish Rule in India
18. Match the national leaders with the papers
(e) Answer not known published by them :
TNPSC (Pre) 2022
List-I List-II
Ans. (a) :The doctoral thesis of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar is
titled "The problems of the Rupee: its origin and its A. The Mahratta I. Annie Besant
solution." B. Bande Matram II. B. G. Tilak
Dr. Ambedkar completed this thesis at Columbia C. Young India III. Lala Lajpat Rai
University in 1923 and it is considered a pioneering
D. New India IV. Mahatma Gandhi
work on the subject of monetary economies in India.
The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part Select the correct answer :
discusses the historical origins of the Indian Rupee and A B C D
how it became inked to the British pound. In the second (a) IV III II I
part of the thesis, Dr. Ambedkar proposes several (b) II I IV III
solutions to address the problems of the rupee.
(c) I II III IV
16. Which of the following are correctly paired? (d) II III IV I
(i) New India and Mrs. Annie Besant Manipur PSC (Pre) 2023
Commonweal Ans. (d) : The correct match is as follows :-
(ii) Kesari and Bala Gangadhar Paper - Published by
Maratha Tilak The Mahratta - B. G. Tilak
(iii) Indian Opinion Gopal Hari Bande Matram - Lala Lajpat Rai
Deshmukh Young India - Mahatma Gandhi
(iv) Indu Prakash Mahatma Gandhi New India - Annie Besant
(a) (i) and (ii) 19. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer using the code given below the lists -
(b) (i) and (iv)
List-I (Newspaper) List-II (Language)
(c) (i) and (iii)
A. Comrade 1. Bengali
(d) (iii) and (iv)
B. Navjivan 2. English
(e) Answer not known
C. Swadesmaitran 3. Gujarati
TNPSC (Pre) 2022 D. Sulabh Samachar 4. Tamil
Ans. (a) : The correct pair is as follows - Code :
New India and Commonweal Mrs. Annie Besant A B C D
(a) 2 3 4 1
Kesari and Maratha Bala Gangadhar Tilak
(b) 3 2 1 4
Indian Opinion Mahatma Gandhi (c) 1 2 3 4
Indu Prakash Gopal Hari (d) 4 3 2 1
Deshmukh UPPSC (J) 2023
History of Modern India 311 YCT
Ans. (a): The correct match is as follows :- (c) Girish Chandra Ghosh
(Newspaper) (Language) (d) S. N. Banerjee
Comrade - English Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022
Navjivan - Gujarati Ans. (a) :Amrit Bazar Patrika was founded by Sisir
Swadesmaitran - Tamil Kumar Ghosh and Motilal Ghosh. The primary
objective of this magazine was to awaken the people
Sulabh Samachar- Bengali
and infuse in them the noble spirit of patriotism.
20. Match the following newspapers with the
23. In which language the famous work of Raja
persons associated with them :
Rammohan Roy ‘Gift to Monotheists’ was
a. Indian Sociologist I. Virendra written ?
Chattopadhyay
(a) Persian (b) English
b. Islamic Fraternity II. Shyamji Krishna
(c) Arabic (d) Bengali
Varma
UKPSC Pre-2022
c. The Talwar III. Muhammad
Barkatullah Ans. (a): In 1804 Raja Ram Mohan Roy wrote Tuhfat-
d. Swadesh Sevak IV. G. D. Kumar ul-Muwahhidin (A Gift to Monotheists) in Persian
language with an introduction in Arabic.
Choose the correct answer using the codes
given below : 24. ‘A History of British India’ was written in 1817
by :
A B C D
(a) G H Forbes (b) Abul Kalam Azad
(a) II III I IV
(c) James Mill (d) Sucheta Mahajan
(b) IV III II I
(c) II IV I III J & K PSC 2021 Paper-(I)
(d) I II III IV Ans. (c): A History of British India was written by
James Mill. This book was published in 1817 which
APPSC (Pre) 2023
was a massive 3 volume work. It was the first book
Ans. (a) : The correct match is as follows :- written by British historian.
Newspaper - Person 25. Who authored the book ‘Poverty and un-
Indian Sociologist - Shyamji Krishna Varma British rule’.
Islamic Fraternity - Muhammad Barkatullah (a) R.C. Dutt (b) Dadabhai Naoroji
The Talwar - Virendra Chattopadhyay (c) Sumit Sarkar (d) R.C. Majumdar
Swadesh Sevak - G. D. Kumar J & K PSC 2021 Paper-(I)
21. Which of the following statements about the Ans. (b): Dadabhai Naoroji authored 'Poverty and un-
Vernacular Press Act is/are correct? British rule in India.' It was published in 1901. This
1. It was enacted by Lord Lytton book brought attention to the draining of India's wealth
2. It came to be knows as a 'Gagging Act'. into British.
3. The Act was repealed by Lord Ripon. 26. In which year the book 'Poverty and Un-
British Rule in India' was published?
Select the correct answer using the codes given
below. (a) 1900 A.D. (b) 1901 A.D.
(a) Only 1 and 2 (b) Only 2 and 3 (c) 1902 A.D. (d) 1903 A.D.
(c) Only 1 (d) 1, 2 and 3 UPPCS (pre.) 2021
69th BPSC (Pre) 2023 Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above
question.
Ans. (d): The Vernacular Press Act was enacted in
1878 to curtail the Freedom of Indian Press. The act 27. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
was also known as Gagging Act as it discriminated answer from the code given below the lists:
between the English and the vernacular press. List-I List-II/
The Act was repealed by Lord Rippon. Hence, all (Newspaper) (Language)
statements are correct.
A. Darpan 1.Gujarati
22. Who was the founder of the Amrita Bazar
Patrika? B. Samvad Prabhakar 2. Bengali
(a) Sisir Kumar Ghosh C. Mumbai Samachar 3. Marathi
(b) Harish Chandra Mukherjee D. Swadesamitran 4. Tamil
History of Modern India 312 YCT
 Codes: 30. The book 'Hind Swaraj' is written by
A B C D (a) Rammohan Roy
(a) 2 1 3 4 (b) M. K. Gandhi
(b) 3 1 2 4 (c) Shyamaprasad Mukherjee
(c) 3 2 1 4 (d) J. P. Narayan
(d) 1 2 3 4 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2003
UPPSC ACF Mains 2021 Paper-I Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
Ans. (c) : The correct match is as follows- Ans. (b): Hind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule is a book
List-I List-II written by Mohan Das K. Gandhi in 1909. In this he
(Newspaper) (Language) expressed his view on Swaraj, modern civilization
mechanization have been expressed.
Darpan - Marathi
Sambad Prabhakar - Bengali 31. Which one of the following works were NOT
authored by B.G. Tilak?
Mumbai Samachar - Gujarati
(a) The Orion
Swadesamitran - Tamil
(b) Paradise Found
28. What was the name of the poet, who wrote the
popular poem "Firangiya" in Bhojpuri against (c) Gita Rahasya
'British Colonialism'? (d) The Arctic Home in the Vedas
(a) Manoranjan (b) Ranjan Prasad UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I
(c) Triloki Singh (d) Rajendra Pandey Ans. (b) : 'The Orion', 'Gita Rahasya' and 'The Arctic
UPPSC RO /ARO( PRE) 2021 Home in the Vedas' books are written by Bal Gangadhar
Ans. (a) : Poem ‘Firangiya’ was written in 1921 during Tilak while 'Paradise Found' is written by John Milton.
Non-Cooperation movement by Manoranjan Prasad Singh, 32. Who among the following Editors of the
against British Colonalism. It was written in Bhojpuri Newspaper was barred from attending any
language. Congress sessions by Dadabhai Naoroji for
29. Match List - I with List - II and select the writing in favour of Chapekar brothers?
correct answer using the codes given below the (a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
lists. (b) Shivram Mahadev Paranjpe
List - I List - II (c) M.G. Ranade
(Authors) (Books) (d) V.D. Savakar
A. Mahatma Gandhi 1. A Train to UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I
Pakistan
Ans. (a) :
B. Ravindranath 2. A Nation in
Tagore Making • The slogan of Swaraj, Swadeshi and Bahishkar was
given by Tilak first time. He was an Editor for
C. Kushwant Singh 3. Geetanjali writing in the favour of ‘Chapekar brother’ he was
D. Surendranath 4. Hind Swaraj barred from attending any congress session by
Codes: Dadabhai Naoroji.
A B C D • Tilak edited ‘Kesari’ and ‘Maratha’ he said “Our
(a) 2 4 1 3 nation is a tree its root is Swaraj and Swadeshi and
(b) 1 3 4 2 Bahishkar are its branches”.
(c) 4 3 1 2 33. In which language the 'Kesari' newspaper was
(d) 3 4 2 1 published by Tilak?
West Bengal PSC (Pre) 2022 (a) English (b) Hindi
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I (c) Gujarati (d) Marathi
Ans. (c) : The correct match is as follows- Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
Authors Books Ans. (d) : Bal Gangadhar Tilak was an Indian social
Mahatma Gandhi - Hind Swaraj reformer and freedom activist. Tilak published two
newspapers 'The Maratha' in English and 'The Kesari' in
Ravindra Nath Tagore - Geetanjali
Marathi. Both the newspapers emphasized on making
Kushwant Singh - A Train to Pakistan the Indians aware of the glorious past and encouraged
Surendra Nath Banerjee - A Nation in Making the masses to be self reliant.
History of Modern India 313 YCT
34. In which language Raja Ram Mohan Roy (iv) He founded the Nutan Maha Gujarat Janata
wrote the book Gift to Monotheists? Parishad
(a) Sanskrit (b) Persian (a) 2, 3 and 4 only (b) 3 and 4 only
(c) Greek (d) Arabic (c) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 3 and 4 only
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I
Ans. (b) : Raja Ram Mohan (1772-1833) wrote "A Gift
to Monotheists" (Tuhfat-ul-Muwahhidin) in Persian in Ans. (c): Indulal Kanaiyalal Yagnik was an Indian
1804. Independence activist. He took active initiative in the
formation of the All India Kisan Sabha and participated
35. Who among the following started the newspaper
in its first session and also led the Mahagujarat
'New India'?
Movement, which spearheaded the demand for the
(a) B.P. Wadia
separate statehood for Gujarat. In 1918, he participated
(b) M.G. Ranade in the Kheda Satyagraha led by Gandhi. He founded the
(c) S. Subramanya Aiyar Nutan Maha Gujarat Janata Parishad in 1943.
(d) Annie Besant
39. Which of the following statements about
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019 Umashankar Joshi are correct?
Ans. (d): Dr. Annie Besant founded two newspapers, (1) His poetry 'Vishwa Shanti' refers to
first was a weekly newspaper titled "The Commonweal"
Gandhiji's message and lifework.
and another was "New India", a daily newspaper which
was a powerful mouthpiece for 15 years advocating (2) He was elected to Rajya Sabha
Home Rule and revolutionizing Indian journalism. (3) He was the first Gujarati writer to receive
36. The 'Indian Struggle' is the autobiography of: the Jnanpith Award
(a) Subhash Chandra Bose (a) Only 1 and 2 (b) Only 2 and 3
(b) Sohan Singh (c) Only 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3
(c) Mohan Singh Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I
(d) Gurudayal Singh Ans. (c): Umashankar Jethalal Joshi was an Indian
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019 poet, scholar and writer known for his contribution to
Ans. (a): The 'Indian Struggle' is the autobiography of Gujarati literature. Joshi preferred to introduce himself
Subhash Chandra Bose. This book is in two parts which as 'an Indian writer writing in Gujarati' rather than a
encompasses the Indian freedom struggle from 1920- Gujarati writer. His poetry 'Vishwa Shanti' refers to
1942. The first part of the book covering years 1920- Gandhiji's message and lifework.
1934 was published in London in 1935 by Lawrence &
Wishart. The second part covering years 1935-1942 was • He received the Jnanpith Award in 1967 for his
written by Bose during the Second World War. contribution to Gujarati literature.
37. The first biography of M.K. Gandhi was written • In 1970, Joshi was nominated (not elected) to Rajya
by _____ Sabha.
(a) Arnold Toynbee (b) Joseph Doke 40. For the propagation of armed rebellion,
(c) Romain Rolland (d) Louis Fischer 'Bandemataram' paper was started by:
Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I (a) Obaidulla
Ans. (b) : Many writers, journalists and close associates (b) Lala Hardayal
of Mahatma Gandhi have authored many books on him.
(c) Veerendranath Chattopadhyaya
But, Christian missionary Joseph Doke had the unique
distinction of writing the first biography of Mahatma (d) Madam Cama
Gandhi as, 'M.K. Gandhi: An Indian Patriot in South TSPSC Group-II Pre-2016
Africa'. Ans. (b): Bande Mataram, an English language newspaper
38. Which of the following statements about Indulal founded in India in 1905 (published first in 1906) by Bipin
Yagnik are correct? Chandra Pal and later edited by Sri Aurobindo. Lala
(i) He published an English language magazine, Hardayal who lived in India until 1909, when he moved to
Young India, from Bombay. Paris became involved with the Vande Mataram
(ii) He participated in the Kheda Satyagraha led newspaper. It is worth noting that Sri Aurobindo edited the
by Gandhi English newspaper Bande Mataram
(iii) He took active initiative in the formation of Note:- Bande Mataram (Paris Publication), Indian
the All India Kisan Sabha and participated in its nationalist publication published in Paris was begun in
first session. September 1909 by Bhikaji Cama

History of Modern India 314 YCT

41. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct (c) Gokhale my Political Guru
answer using the codes given below the lists : (d) Discovery of India
List-I (Book) List-II (Writer) BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2011
A. The Story of My 1. Surendranath Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above
Deportation Banerjee question.
B. Gita Rahasya 2. Maulana Abul 45. The text ‘Gita Rahasya’ was written by-
Kalam Azad (a) Mahatma Gandhi
C. A Nation in 3. Lala Lajpat Rai (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Making (c) Vinoba Bhave
D. India Wins 4. Bal Gangadhar (d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Freedom Tilak MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2003-04
Codes : Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above
A B C D question.
(a) 3 4 1 2 46. The Vital-Vidhvansak, the first monthly
journal to have the untouchable people as its
(b) 4 2 1 3
target audience was published by____.
(c) 2 4 1 3
(a) Gopal Baba Walangkar
(d) 4 3 2 1
(b) Jyotiba Phule
UP PSC (Pre) 2020
(c) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
Ans. (a) : The correct match is as follows-
(d) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar
Book Writer
UPSC IAS (Pre) 2020
The Story of My Deportation Lala Lajpat Rai
Ans. (a) : Gopal Baba Walangkar was an activist who
Gita Rahasya Bal Gangadhar Tilak worked to release the untouchable people of India from
A Nation in Making Surendranath Banerjee their historic socio-economic oppression. He developed
India Wins Freedom Maulana Abul Kalam a racial theory to explain the oppression and also
Azad published the first journal targeted at the untouchable
42. Who was the author of 'Gita Rahasya'? people. In 1888, Walangkar began publishing the
monthly journal titled Vital-Vidhvansak.
(a) K.M. Munshi
(b) Aurobindo Ghosh 47. With reference to the book “Desher Katha”
written by Sakharam Ganesh Deuskar during
(c) Swami Vivekananda
the freedom struggle, consider the following
(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak statements:
Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017 1. It warned against the Colonial State’s hypnotic
Ans. (d): Shrimadh Bhagwad Gita Rahasya, popularly conquest of the mind
also known as Gita Rahasya or Karmayog Shashtra, is a 2. It inspired the performance of swadeshi street
1915 Marathi language book authored by Indian social plays and folk songs.
reformer and Independence activist Bal Gangadhar 3. The use of ‘desh’ by Deuskar was in the
Tilak while he was in prison at Mandalay, Burma. specific context of the region of Bengal.
43. The author of ‘Srimad Bhagavad Gita Rahasya’ Which of the statements given above are
was- correct?
(a) Aurobindo Ghosh (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale UPSC IAS (Pre) 2020
(d) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
Ans. (a) : Sakharam Ganesh Deuskar published a book
Uttarakhand Lower (Pre) 2011 entitled 'Desher Katha' describing in exhaustive detail of
Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above the British commercial and industrial exploitation of
question. India. Sakharam Ganesh Deuskar popularized the ideas
44. Which among the following book was written by of Naoroji and Ranade and promoted swadeshi in a
Tilak? popular idiom. It inspired swadeshi street plays and folk
(a) India in Transition songs and had become a mandatory text for an entire
generation of swadeshi activists.
(b) Gita Rahasya
History of Modern India 315 YCT
48. Renowned film musician Jaikishan was born in 51. Who started the newspaper "Indian
....... of Gujarat. Sociologist" abroad?
(a) Dabhoi (b) Palitana (a) Veer Savarkar
(c) Vansda (d) Vadnagar (b) Lala Hardayal
(c) Bhupendra Dutt
Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I
(d) Shyamji Krishna Varma
Ans. (c) : Jaikishan Dayabhai Panchal was born on the OPSC (OCS)-2018 Paper-I
November 4, 1929 in Vansda, Gujarat.
Ans. (d): Shyamji Krishna Varma was an Indian
• He was a renowned Indian Composer in Hindi film revolutionary fighter, an India patriot, lawyer and
industry from 1949 to 1971. journalist who founded the Indian Home Rule Society,
• Shankar-Jaikishan, along with other artists, composed India House and The Indian Sociologist in London.
"ever lasting" and 'immortal melodies' in 1950s, 1960s • In 1905, he founded the India House and the Indian
and early 1970s. Sociologist, which rapidly developed as and organised
meeting point for radical nationalists among Indian
49. The Gujarati translation of the 'Unto this Last' students in Britain at the time and one of the most
is called: prominent centres for revolutionary Indian nationalism
(a) Swadesh (b) Harijan outside India.
(c) Sarvodaya (d) Navajeevan 52. Who was the author of the book "The
Problems of the East"?
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018 (a) Lawrence (b) Lytton
Ans. (c): Mohandas K. Gandhi translated 'Unto This (c) Curzon (d) Churchill
Last' into Gujarati in 1908 under the title of Sarvodaya OPSC (OCS)-2018 Paper-I
(Well Being of All). Valji Govindji Desai translated it
Ans. (c): The book 'The Problems of the East' was
back to English in 1951 under the title of Unto This written by Lord Curzon. It was published in 1894. The
Last: A Paraphrase. The original copy of 'Unto this last' book presents a contemporary condition of Japan, Korea
is written by John Ruskin. and China within a changing international landscape.
50. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct 53. The editor of the paper "Hindu Patriot", Sri
answer using the codes given below: Harishchandra Mukherjee was known to have
helped the:
List-I List-II
(a) Santhal Revolt
(Personalities) (Newspaper)
(b) Indigo Revolt
A. Ishwar Chandra 1. Amrit Bazar (c) Revolt of the Mundas
Vidyasagar Patrika (d) None of the above
B. Ghose Brothers 2. The Kesri OPSC (OCS)-2018 Paper-I
C. Bal Gangadhar 3. The Bengali Ans. (b): The Hindu Patriot under the able editorship of
Tilak Harish Chandra Mukherjee became the mouthpiece of
protest against imperial injustices. In the late fifties, the
D. Surendra Nath 4. Shom Prakash Hindu Patriot began to expose the oppression and
Banerjee atrocities on Indian peasants by the indigo planters.
Codes: Latter used to force the peasants into cultivating indigo.
A B C D • In the late 1895 after the initial editorship of Girish
Chandra Ghosh and Harish Chandra Mukherjee.
(a) 2 3 1 4 Krishnadas Pal was the editor of the paper for 23 years.
(b) 4 1 2 3 During the period he opposed the imperial laws like the
(c) 1 3 2 4 Immigration Bill, the Vernacular Press Act and the
(d) 3 4 1 2 Illbert Bill through the Columns of the Hindu Patriot.
UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018 54. The famous and favourite hymn sung by
Gandhiji "Vaishnava Jana to Tene Kahiye"
Ans: (b) The correct match is as follows- was composed by:
Personalities Newspaper (a) Mahatma Gandhi himself
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar Shom Prakash (b) Narsinh Mehta who lived in 15th century
Ghose Brothers Amrit Bazar Patrika (c) Akho, a Gujarati Poet
Bal Gangadhar Tilak The Kesari (d) Premanand, a Gujarati Poet
Surendra Nath Banerjee The Bengali UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
History of Modern India 316 YCT
Ans: (b) One of Mahatma Gandhi’s favourite bhajans 58. Who among the following wrote 'The
‘Vaishnav Jana To Tene Kahiye was written and Philosophy of the Bomb’?
composed by the 15th century Gujarati poet-composer (a) Chandrasekhar Azad
Narsingh Mehta. He lays emphasis on the ideals and (b) Bhagawati Charan Vohra
virtues one has to follow in life. It was a must rendition
at the Sabarmati Ashram during the days of Mahatma (c) Barindranath Ghosh
Gandhi. (d) Sukhdev
55. Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly TS PSC Group-I & II -2017
matched? Ans. (b): In response to Gandhi's article 'The Cult of
(Writer) (Book) Bomb', Bhagawati Charan Vohra, in consultation with
(a) Dinbandhu Mitra Nil Darpan Azad, wrote an article entitled "The Philosophy of
Bomb". Revolutionary freedom fighter Vohra died on
(b) Bhagat Singh Anjuman-i-
Mohibbane Watan May 28, 1930, as a result of an explosion while testing a
bomb.
(c) V.D. Savarkar The Indian War of
Independence 59. Which of the following pairs is a mismatch?
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru Discovery of India (a) The Indian Struggle - Subhas Chandra Bose
UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018 (b) My Experiments with truth - Mohandas
Karamchand Gandhi
Ans: (b) Anjuman-i-Mohibbane Watan or Bharat Mata
Society was a revolutionary organization which was (c) The Discovery of India - Jawaharlal Nehru
established in 1907 by Ajit Singh at Lahore during (d) Life Divine - Bal Gangadhar Tilak
protest in Punjab. He published Bharat Mata newspaper Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
during this period. Rest of the options are correctly
Ans. (d): The correct match is follows -
matched.
The Indian Struggle - Subhas Chandra Bose
56. Who wrote the book, 'India for Indians'?
My Experiments with Truth - Mahatma Gandhi
(a) C.R. Das
The Discovery of India - Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) M.G. Ranade
Life Divine - Sri Aurobindo
(c) V.D. Savarkar
(d) S.N. Banerjee 60. Match List I with List II and choose the correct
answer from the codes given below:
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
List I List II
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2019
A. V.D. Savarkar 1. The Great Rebellion
Ans-(a) 'India for Indians', based on Indian
Independence Movement has been written by C.R. Das. B. R.C. Majumdar 2. The Indian War of
57. Match List I with List II and choose the correct Independence
answer from the codes given below: C. S.B. Chaudhari 3. The Sepoy Mutiny
List I List II and the Revolt of
A. Bengalee 1. Jogendra Nath Bose 1857
B. Bangbasi 2. Arvind Ghosh D. Ashok Mehta 4. Civil Rebellion in the
C. Vande Matram 3. Surendranath Banerjee Indian Mutinies
D. Amrit Bazar Patrika 4. Moti Lal Ghosh (1857-59)
Codes: Codes:
A B C D A B C D
(a) 2 1 3 4 (a) 2 3 4 1
(b) 3 1 2 4 (b) 2 3 1 4
(c) 3 4 2 1 (c) 3 2 4 1
(d) 4 3 2 1 (d) 3 1 2 4
UPPSC RO/ARO Mains 2017 UPPSC RO/ARO Mains 2017
Ans-(b) The correct match is as follows- Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows-
List I List II List I List II
Bengalee Surendra Nath Banerjee V.D. Savarkar The Indian War of
Bangbasi Jogendra Nath Bose Independence
Vande Matram Arvind Ghosh R.C. Majumdar The Sepoy Mutiny and
Amrit Bazar Patrika Moti Lal Ghosh the Revolt of 1857
History of Modern India 317 YCT
 S.B. Chaudhari Civil Rebellion in the Naoroji is known as 'Grand-Old Man of India' and the
Indian Mutinies (1857-59) 'Father of Economic Nationalism'.
Ashok Mehta The Great Rebellion 64. At the time of National Movement who started
61. Which of the following was not a 'nationalist' 'Dash Roja' periodical?
newspaper? (a) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
(a) The Hindu (b) Bengalee (b) Abdul Gaffar Khan
(c) The Mahratta (d) The Times of India (c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above (d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
64th BPSC (Pre) - 2018-19 CGPSC (Pre) - 2018
Ans-(d) 'The Times of India' was not a nationalist Ans-(b) Abdul Gaffar Khan also known as frontier
newspaper. It was started as 'Bombay Times' and Gandhi started 'Dash Roja' periodicaly during National
'Journal of Commerce' on November 3, 1838. It got its Movement.
name 'The Times of India' in 1861. 'The Hindu', 65. Who was the editor of "Tyag Bhumi"?
'Bengalee' and 'The Maharatta' were being edited by G.
(a) Hari Bhau Upadhyay
Subramania Iyer, Surendra Nath Banerjee and Bal
Gangadhar Tilak respectively. (b) Jai Narayan Vyas
62. From the options given below, find the correct (c) Devi Datt Tripathi
combination of the names of Editors of the (d) Rishi Dutt Mehta
nationalist newspapers The Hindu, Kesari, RAS/RTS (Pre) - 2018
Bengalee, Hindustani, Sudharak:
Ans-(a) The editor of 'Tyag Bhoomi' was Hari Bhau
(a) Surendra Nath Banerjee, G. Subramania Iyer, Upadhyaya, born at Ujjain in Madhya Pradesh wrote the
Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Ganga Prasad Varma, books, 'Bapu ke Ashram Mein', 'Sarvodaya ki Buniyad',
Gopal Krishna Gokhale 'Sadhna Ke Path Par', 'Bhagwat Dharma' etc. and
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak, G. Subramania Iyer, translated Pattabhi Sitharamayya's 'The History of
Surendra Nath Banerjee, Ganga Prasad Varma, Congress' and Nehru's autobiography, 'Meri Kahani' in
Goapl Krishna Gokhale Hindi.
(c) G. Subramania Iyer, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, 66. Who has authored Gandhian Constitution for
Ganga Prasad Varma, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Free India?
Surendra Nath Banerjee
(a) Aruna Asaf Ali
(d) G. Subramania Iyer, Bal Gangadhar Tilak,
Surendra Nath Banerjee, Ganga Prasad Varma, (b) Achyut Patwardhan
Gopal Krishna Gokhale (c) Shriman Narayan Agarwal
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above (d) Humayun Kabir
64th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2018-19 RAS/RTS (Pre) - 2018
Ans-(d) The correct match is as follows - Ans-(c) The author of 'Gandhian Constitution for Free
Nationalist Newspapers Editor India', was Sriman Narayan Agarwal. It was published
in 1946.
The Hindu G.Subramania Iyer
Kesari B.G. Tilak 67. Match List I with List II:
Bengalee S.N. Banerjee List-I List-II
Hindustani Ganga Prasad Varma A. Dadabhai Naoroji 1. Satyarth Prakash
Sudharak G.K. Gokhale B. Dayanand Saraswati 2. Anand Math
63. Who wrote the book, Poverty and Un-British C. Bal Gangadhar Tilak 3. Poverty and Un-
Rule in India? British Rule in India
(a) R.C. Dutt D. Bankim Chandra 4. Gita Rahasya
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji Chatterjee
(c) Bipin Chandra Pal Codes:
(d) Lajpat Rai A B C D
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above (a) 2 3 4 1
64th BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2018-19 (b) 3 1 4 2
Ans-(b) The book, 'Poverty and Un-British Rule in (c) 3 4 1 2
India' was written by Dadabhai Naoroji. This book is (d) 4 2 1 3
called, 'The Bible of National Movement'. Dadabhai Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2014
History of Modern India 318 YCT
Ans-(b) The correct match is as follows- 71. In which among the following languages ‘The
List-I List-II Indian Opinion’ was not published?
Dadabhai Naoroji Poverty and Un-British (a) English (b) Gujarati
Rule in India (c) Tamil (d) Urdu
Dayanand Saraswati Satyarth Prakash UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2005
Bal Gangadhar Tilak Gita Rahasya Ans. (d) The Indian opinion was a newspaper started by
Mahatma Gandhi in Gujarati, Hindi, Tamil and English
Bankim Chandra Anand Math
langauge.
Chatterjee
72. Who has authored “Kissa Radha Kanhaiya”?
68. Match the items in List-I with List-II and select (a) Syed Agha Hassan Kashmiri
the correct answer from the codes given below:
(b) Nawab Wajid Ali Shah
List I List II
(c) Bapu Gopalchandra Ita Girdhardas
A. Deenbandhu 1. K.N. Natarajan
(d) Pandit Pratap Narain Mishra
B. Maratha 2. G.C. Agarkar
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
C. Indian Social Report 3. N.M. Lokhande
Ans-(b) “Kissa Radha Kanhaiya” (The Tale of Radha
D. Shodhak 4. B. G. Tilak and Kanhaiya) was written by the last Nawab of Awadh
Codes: (Oudh), Nawab Wajid Ali Shah under his pen name
A B C D Akhtar Piya in 1843.
(a) 1 2 3 4 73. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
(b) 2 3 4 1 answer using the code given below the list-
(c) 3 4 1 2 List-I (Author) List-II (Works)
(d) 4 3 2 1 A. Bankimchandra Chatterji 1. Anand Math
Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2010 B. Michael Madhusudan Das 2. Captive Lady
C. Rabindranath Tagore 3. Gora
Ans-(c) The correct match is as follows-
D. Sarojini Naidu 4. The Broken Wing
List-I List-II
Code:
Deenbandhu N.M. Lokhande
A B C D
Maratha B.G. Tilak
(a) 1 2 3 4
Indian Social Report K.N. Natarajan
(b) 2 3 4 1
Shodhak G.C. Agarkar
(c) 1 4 2 3
69. With which of the following Newspaper/ (d) 4 1 3 2
Magazine, Mahatma Gandhi was not associated?
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2010
(a) Indian Opinion (b) Young India
Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows-
(c) Nav Jeevan (d) Yugantar
Author Works
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
Bankim Chandra Chatterji Anand Math
Ans-(d) Among the Magzine/Newspapers, Gandhi ji
Michael Madhusudan Das Captive Lady
was associated with Indian opinion, young India Nav
Rabindranath Tagore Gora
Jeevan. The Yugantar was published by Bhupendranath
Dutt and Barindranath Ghosh. Sarojini Naidu The Broken Wing
70. Young India was started as weekly by- 74. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
answer using the code given below the list-
(a) Home Rule Party
List-I List-II
(b) Revolutionary Party
A. V. D. Savarkar 1. A History of Sepoy
(c) Ghadar Party
War in India
(d) Swaraj Party
B. G. B. Malleson 2. The Indian War of
UP Lower Spl. (Pre) 2002
Independence, 1857
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000 C. S. B. Chaudhary 3. The Indian Mutiny of
Ans. (a): Young India as a weekly was started by Home 1857
Rule Party. It is a weekly journal published under the
D. J. W. Kaye 4. Theories of the
supervision of Mahatma Gandhi.
Indian Mutiny
History of Modern India 319 YCT
 Code: 78. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
A B C D answer using the code given below the list-
(a) 2 3 4 1 List-I List-II
(b) 1 2 3 4 A. Samachar Darpan 1. Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(c) 4 3 2 1 B. Mirat-ul-Akhbar 2. B. G. Tilak
(d) 3 2 1 4 C. Kesari 3. Mahatma Gandhi
UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006 D. Young India 4. J. C. Marshman
Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows- Code:
V. D. Savarkar - The Indian War of A B C D
Independence 1857 (a) 2 1 4 3
G. B. Malleson - The Indian Mutiny of 1857 (b) 4 3 2 1
S. B. Chaudhary - Theories of the Indian Mutiny (c) 2 3 4 1
J. W. Kaye - A History of Sepoy War in India (d) 4 1 2 3
75. 'Indian War of Independence 1857' is written by: UPPSC RO/ARO (Pre) 2017
(a) S. N. Sen Ans-(d) The correct match is as follows-
(b) R. C. Majumdar Samachar Darpan - J. C. Marshman
(c) V. D. Savarkar Mirat-ul-Akhbar - Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(d) S. B. Chaudhari Kesari - B. G. Tilak
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2004 Young India - Mahatma Gandhi
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. 79. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
76. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct answer using the code given below the list-
answer using the code given below the list- List-I (Books) List-II (Authors)
List-I (Newspaper) List-II (Language) A. The First Indian 1. Rabindranath Tagore
A. Bharat Mitra 1. Bengali War of Independence
B. Rashtramat 2. Gujarati B. Anand Math 2. Sri Arvind
C. Prajamitra 3. Hindi C. Life Divine 3. Bankim Chandra
D. Nayak 4. Marathi Chatterji
Code: D. Sadhana 4. Vinayak Damodar
A B C D Savarkar
(a) 1 2 4 3 Code:
(b) 2 3 1 4 A B C D
(c) 3 4 2 1 (a) 4 3 2 1
(d) 4 2 3 1 (b) 3 4 1 2
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2012 (c) 4 3 1 2
UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2013 (d) 3 4 2 1
Ans-(c) The correct match is as follows- IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999
Bharat Mitra - Hindi
Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows-
Rashtramat - Marathi
The First Indian War - Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
Prajamitra - Gujarati
of Independence
Nayak - Bengali
Anand Math - Bankim Chandra Chatterji
77. Which newspaper was founded by Sisir Ghosh
Life Divine - Aurobindo Ghosh
and Moti Lal Ghosh.?
Sadhana - Rabindra Nath Tagore
(a) Kesari (b) Nav jeevan
80. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
(c) Amrit Bazar Patrika (d) Sakal
answer using the code given below the list-
Manipur PSC-2013 List-I (Person) List-II (Journal)
Ans. (c): Amrita Bazar Patrika was one of the oldest A. Shyamji Krishna Verma 1. Vande Mataram
newspapers of India, which was started in 1868 in the
B. Madam Bhikajicama 2. Indian Sociologist
province of Bengal by Shishir Ghosh and Moti Lal
Ghosh. This newspaper used to be published in both C. Annie Besant 3. The Talwar
Bengali and English language. D. Aurobindo Ghosh 4. Commonweal

History of Modern India 320 YCT

 Code: Ans-(c) The books and their respective writers are as
A B C D follows -
(a) 2 3 4 1 Mahatma Gandhi- My Experiment with Truth, My
Early Life, Hind Swaraj, Indian Homerule
(b) 3 2 1 4
Dr. Rajendra Prasad- India Divided (English)
(c) 2 3 1 4
Abul Kalam Azad- Gubbar-e-Khatir (Urdu), India
(d) 3 2 4 1 Wins Freedom (Autobiography of Abul Kalam Azad)
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999 (in English)
Ans-(a) Shyamji Krishna Verma published the Ram Manohar Lohia- The Wheel of History
newspaper ‘Indian Sociologist’ from London, Madam 83. ‘India Wins Freedom’ is an autobiography of-
Bhikaji Cama published the journal ‘The Talwar’ from (a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Paris, journal ‘Commonweal’ was published by Annie (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
Besant and Aurobindo Ghosh published the journal (c) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
‘Vande Mataram.’
(d) Humayun Kabir
81. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2013
answer using the code given below the list-
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
List-I List-II
84. The author of the book ‘India Wins Freedom’ is-
A. Surendranath Banerji 1. Hind Swaraj (a) A. K. Azad (b) M. K. Gandhi
B. M.K. Gandhi 2. The Indian Struggle (c) M. A. Ansari (d) Sarojini Naidu
C. Subhas Chandra Bose 3. Autobiographical UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2014
Writings Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
D. Lajpat Rai 4. A Nation in Making 85. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct
Code: answer using the code given below the list-
A B C D List I (Newspaper) List-II (Editor)
(a) 4 2 3 1 A. The Hindu 1. Dadabhai Naoroji
(b) 1 4 3 2 B. Sudharak 2. G. K. Gokhale
(c) 1 4 2 3 C. Voice of India 3. G. Subramaniam Iyer
D. Bengali 4. S. N. Banerjee
(d) 4 1 2 3
Codes:
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
A B C D
Ans-(d) ‘A Nation in Making’ is the autobiography of
(a) 1 2 3 4
Surendranath Banerji. ‘The Indian Struggle’ was written
by Subhas Chandra Bose. Lala Lajpat Rai wrote (b) 1 3 2 4
‘Autobiographical Writings’ and Mahatma Gandhi (c) 2 3 1 4
wrote ‘Hind Swaraj’ in 1909 A.D. (d) 3 2 1 4
82. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1997, 1999
answer using the code given below the list- UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2002
List I (Writer) List-II (Book) Ans-(d) The correct match is as follows-
A. Mahatma Gandhi 1. India Divided Newspaper Editor
B. Ram Manohar Lohia 2. India Wins Freedom The Hindu (English) G. Subramaniam Iyer
Sudharak G. K. Gokhale
C. Dr. Rajendra Prasad 3. Hind Swaraj
Voice of India Dadabhai Naoroji
D. Abdul Kalam Azad 4. Wheel of History
Bengali S. N. Banerjee
Codes:
86. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
A B C D answer from the codes given below-
(a) 1 3 4 2 List-I (Newspaper) List-II (Editor)
(b) 4 3 2 1 A. Kal 1. Surendra Nath Banerjee
(c) 3 4 1 2 B. Bengalee 2. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(d) 2 3 4 1 C. Sudharak 3. Dwarkanath Vidyabhushan
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001 D. Somaprakash 4. Shivrama Madhav Paranjape

History of Modern India 321 YCT

 Code: 89. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
A B C D answer using the code given below the list-
(a) 4 1 2 3 List-I (Newspaper) List-II (Editor)
(b) 3 1 2 4 A. Bombay Chronicle 1. Annie Besant
(c) 2 4 3 1 B. Commonweal 2. Madan Mohan Malviya
(d) 4 2 3 1 C. Leader 3. Firozshah Mehta
D. Search Light 4. Sachchidananda Sinha
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
Code:
Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows-
A B C D
Newspaper Editor
(a) 1 3 4 2
Kal Shivaram Mahadev Paranjape
(b) 2 3 4 1
Bengalee Surendra Nath Banerjee
(c) 3 1 2 4
Sudharak Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(d) 4 2 1 3
Somaprakash Dwarkanath Vidyabhushan
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. IInd 2004
87. Match the following-
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2002-03
A. India Wins Freedom 1. Sunil Gawaskar
Ans-(c) The correct match is as follows-
B. Runs and Ruins 2. Abul Kalam Azad Bombay Chronicle - Firoz Shah Mehta
C. Young India 3. Mahatma Gandhi Commonweal - Annie Besant
D. New India 4. Annie Besant Leader - Madan Mohan Malviya
Code: Search Light - Sachchidananda Sinha
A B C D 90. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
(a) 2 1 3 4 answer from the code given below-
(b) 2 1 4 3 List-I List-II
(c) 3 2 1 4 A. Abul Kalam Azad 1. Bombay Chronicle
(d) 4 2 3 1 B. Firozshah Mehta 2. Al-Hilal
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992 C. Annie Besant 3. Young India
Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows- D. Mahatma Gandhi 4. New India
India Wins Freedom Abul Kalam Azad Code:
Runs and Ruins Sunil Gavaskar A B C D
Young India Mahatma Gandhi (a) 2 1 4 3
New India Annie Besant (b) 1 2 3 4
88. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct (c) 2 1 3 4
answer from the code given below- (d) 3 2 1 4
List-I (Newspaper) List-II (Editor) UP Lower (Pre) 2008
A. Leader 1. Madan Mohan Malviya Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows-
B. Bombay Chronicle 2. Firozshah Mehta Abul Kalam Azad - Al-Hilal
C. Independent 3. T. M. Nair Firoz Shah Mehta - Bombay Chronicle
D. Justice 4. Motilal Nehru Annie Besant - New India
Code: Mahatma Gandhi - Young India, Hind Swaraj, Harijan
A B C D 91. Which one of the following was a journal brought
(a) 1 2 4 3 out by Abul Kalam Azad?
(a) Al-Hilal (b) Comrade
(b) 4 3 2 1
(c) The Indian Sociologist (d) Zamindar
(c) 3 2 1 4
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2008
(d) 4 1 2 3
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. Ist 2014
92. Which of the following magazines was published
Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows- by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad?
The Leader - Madan Mohan Malviya (a) Al-Hilal (b) Zamindar
Bombay Chronicle - Firoz Shah Mehta (c) Indian Socialist (d) Comrade
Independent - Motilal Nehru Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
Justice - T. M. Nair Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 322 YCT
93. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct Codes:
answer from the code given below- A B C D E
List-I List-II (a) 2 3 4 1 5
A. Al-Hilal 1. Madan Mohan Malviya (b) 3 2 5 1 6
B. National Herald 2. Firoz Shah Mehta
(c) 1 5 6 3 2
C. Bombay Chronicle 3. Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) 6 4 5 2 1
D. Leader 4. Abul Kalam Azad
BPSC (Pre) 1996
Code:
Ans-(c) The correct match of the books with their
A B C D
respective authors is as follows-
(a) 2 3 4 1
History of the Freedom - Tarachand
(b) 3 4 1 2
(c) 1 2 3 4 Movement in India
(d) 4 3 2 1 History of the Freedom - K. K. Dutta
UPPSC ACF (Pre) 2017 Movement in Bihar
Ans-(d) The correct match of List-I with List-II is as Anand Math - Bankim Chandra Chatterji
follows :- Precepts of Jesus - Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Al-Hilal - Abul Kalam Azad Our Indian Musalmans - W. W. Hunter
National Herald - Jawahar Lal Nehru 96. Match the names of the authors with that of the
Bombay Chronicle - Firoz Shah Mehta books and choose your answer from the codes
Leader - Madan Mohan Malviya given below:
94. Make the right pair and choose the correct Author Book
answer from the code given below- (A) R. C. Dutt (i) Indian Economic
A. Bipin Chandra Pal 1. New India Thought-19th Century
B. Aurobindo Ghosh 2. Comrade Perspectives
C. Brahmabandhav Upadhyay3. Vande Mataram
(B) J. R. McLane (ii) The Economic History
D. Muhammad Ali 4. Sandhya
of India under Early
Code:
British Rule
A B C D
(C) B. N. Ganguli (iii) Indian Nationalism and
(a) 1 3 4 2
(b) 2 1 3 4 the Early Congress
(c) 2 1 4 3 (D) Bipin Chandra (iv) The Rise and Growth of
(d) 1 3 2 4 Economic Nationalism
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2008 in India
Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows- Code:
Bipin Chandra Pal - New India A B C D
Aurobindo Ghosh - Vande Mataram (a) ii iii i iv
Brahmabandhav Upadhyay - Sandhya (b) iii ii iv i
Muhammad Ali Jauhar - Comrade (c) I iv ii iii
95. Match the name of books given in List-I with (d) iv I iii ii
their authors given in List-II- RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2013
List-I (Books) List-II (Authors) Ans-(a) The correct matching of the names of the
A. History of the Freedom 1. Tarachand authors with that of the books is as follows-
Movement in India R. C. Dutt - The Economic History of India
B. History of the Freedom 2. W.W. Hunter under Early British Rule
Movement in Bihar J. R. McLane - Indian Nationalism and the Early
C. Anand Math 3. Raja Ram Mohan Roy Congress
D. Precepts of Jesus 4. Father Bulke B. N. Ganguli - Indian Economic Thought-19th
E. Our Indian Musalmans 5. K. K. Dutta Century Perspectives
6. Bankim Chandra Bipin Chandra - The Rise and Growth of Economic
Chatterji Nationalism in India
History of Modern India 323 YCT
97. Match the list of the Editors with that of the Ans. (a) The Indian Sociologist (1905) is the
Papers/Magazines, they were editing: masterpiece of Shyamji Krishna Verma while Bhagat
‘A’ (Editor) ‘B’ (Newspapers/Magazine) Singh wrote ‘Why I am an Atheist?’ While other
(A) S.A. Dange (i) Navayug options are correctly matched.
(B) Muzaffar Ahmad (ii) Inquilab 101. Which one of the following pairs is correctly
(C) Ghulam Hussain (iii) Labour Kissan matched?
Gazette (a) Durga Das : The Life Mahatma Gandhi
(D) M. Singarvelu (iv) The Socialist (b) Louise Fischer : India from Curzon to Nehru
Code: & After
A B C D (c) Frank Moraes : Jawaharlal Nehru- A
Biography
(a) i ii iii iv
(b) iv i ii iii (d) Maulana Abul
(c) ii iii i iv Kalam Azad : India Divided
(d) iii iv ii i UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2011
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2013 Ans-(c) Option (c) is correctly matched. Frank Moraes
Ans-(b) The correct match is as follows :- wrote ‘Jawaharlal Nehru-A Biography’. Maulana Abul
Kalam Azad authored ‘India Wins Freedom’, ‘India
Editors Newspapers/Magazines
Divided’ was authored by Dr. Rajendra Prasad and
S. A. Dange - The Socialist ‘India from Curzon to Nehru & After’ was authored by
Muzzafar Ahmad - Navayug Durga Das.
Ghulam Hussain - Inquilab 102. Which one of the following is the
M. Singarvelu - Labour Kissan Gazette autobiographer of Jawaharlal Nehru?
98. The first socialist weekly in Bengal ‘The Socialist’ (a) Frank Moraes (b) Dom Moraes
was started by- (c) Louis Fischer (d) Webb Miller
(a) S. A. Dange
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014
(b) Muzaffar Ahmed
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) Najrul Islam
103. Which one of the following pairs is correctly
(d) Ghulam Hussain
matched?
UPPSC Food & Safety Inspector Exam 2013
(a) Mahatma Gandhi - Mook Nayak
Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above
(b) Balgangadhar Tilak - Young India
question.
(c) Annie Besant - Commonweal
99. Which among the following is correctly matched?
(d) B. R. Ambedkar - Kesari
(a) Annie Besant - Young India
(b) Mahatma Gandhi - New India UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001
(c) B. G. Tilak - Kesari UPPCS (Mains) Spl. IInd 2004
(d) Surendra Nath Banerji - Maratha Ans-(c) ‘Commonweal’, ‘New India’ and ‘Madras
Standard’ were published by Annie Besant. Hence
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992
option (c) is correctly matched. Mahatma Gandhi
Ans-(c) ‘Kesari’ and ‘Maratha’ were the newspapers
published ‘Young India’, ‘Indian Opinion’, ‘Nav Jivan’
published by B. G. Tilak in Marathi and English
and ‘Harijan’. Bal Gangadhar Tilak published ‘The
language respectively. ‘Young India’ was published by
Maratha’ and ‘The Kesari.’ ‘Mook Nayak’ was
Mahatma Gandhi and ‘New India’ was published by
Annie Besant. published by B. R. Ambedkar.
100. Which one of the following is not correctly 104. Who among the following Britishmen first
matched? translated Bhagvad Gita into British?
(a) Bhagat Singh : The Indian Sociologist (a) William Jones (b) Charles Wilkins
(b) Sachindranath Sanyal : Bandi Jivan (c) Alexander Cunningham (d) John Marshall
(c) Lala Ramsaran Das : The Dreamland IAS (Pre) G.S. 2001
(d) Bhagawati Charan : The Philosophy of Ans-(b) Sir Charles Wilkins was the first to translate
Vohra Bomb Bhagvad-Gita into British. The preface of this was
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014 written by Warren Hastings.

History of Modern India 324 YCT

105. Which of the following is correctly matched? Ans.(b):Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Ailan-e-Haq Bipin Chandra Pal 110.Which one of the following is not correctly
(b) Al-Hilal Dr. Jakir Hussain matched?
(c) Tahzib-ul-Akhlaq Sir Syed Ahmad Khan (a) B. R. Ambedkar - Independent
(d) Yugantar Arvind Ghosh
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak - Kesari
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000
(c) Annie Besant - New India
Ans-(c) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was supporter of modern
education for Muslims. To promote his ideas, he (d) Dadabhai Naoroji - Raft Goftar
published Tahzib-ul-Akhlaq. Hence option (c) is UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2008
correctly matched. Al-Hilal was published by Maulana
Abul Kalam Azad. ‘Yugantar’ was published by Ans-(a) ‘Independent’ was published by Motilal Nehru
Bhupendranath Dutt and Barindranath Ghosh. Ailan-e- from Allahabad not by B. R. Ambedkar hence option
Haq was written by Ahmad Deen. (a) is not correctly matched. Some books/magazines
106. The first Hindi Newspaper ‘Udant Martand (30th with that of their respective authors is as follows–
May, 1826) was published from- Newspaper/Magazines Year Editor/Author
(a) Kolkata (b) Patna Bengal Gazzete 1780 James Augustus Hicky
(c) Allahabad (d) Lucknow
Samvad Kaumudi 1821 Raja Ram Mohan Roy
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2016
Mirat-ul Akhbar 1822 Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Ans-(a) Udant Martand (30th May, 1826) was the first
Hindi newspaper which was published from Calcutta Uddant Martand 1826 Jugal Kishore
(Kolkata) under the editorship of Pandit Shridhar Samvad Prabhakar 1830 Ishvar Chandra Gupta
Shukla. It was published by Pandit Jugal Kishore
Shukla on every Tuesday. Jaam-e-Jamshed 1831 P. M. Motiwala
107. Which one of the following correctly matched? Rast Gofta 1851 Dadabhai Naoroji
(a) Bhagat Singh - An Introduction to Hindu Patriot 1855 Harishchandra Mukherji
the Dreamland Shom Prakash 1859 Ishvar Chandra Vidyasagar
(b) Subhas Chandra Bose - Incarcerated Life
Leader 1909 Madan Mohan Malviya
(c) Sachindranath Sanyal - Indian Struggle
Al-Hilal 1912 Abul Kalam Azad
(d) Bhagawati Charan Vohra - Why I am an
Atheist? National Herald 1938 Jawaharlal Nehru
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013 Search Light 1918 Sachchidanand Sinha
Ans-(a) The correct match is as follows- 111. English paper ‘Independent’ was related to-
Bhagat Singh - An Introduction to the (a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) C. R. Das
Dreamland, Why I am an
Atheist? (c) Jawaharlal Nehru (d) Motilal Nehru
Subhash Chandra Bose - Indian Struggle UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012
Sachindra Nath Sanyal - Bandi Jivan Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Bhagwati Charan Vohra - Philosophy of the Bomb 112. Which of the following is correctly matched?
108. Which of the following is not correctly matched? (a) William Wedderburn : The Great Divide
(a) Unhappy India - Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru : Hind Swaraj
(b) Durgesh Nandini - Bankimchandra Chatterji
(c) Ram Manohar Lohia : The Guilty Men of
(c) India Wins Freedom - Abul Kalam Azad
India’s Partition
(d) Poverty and Un-British
Rule in India - Dada Bhai Naoroji (d) Mahatma Gandhi : Glimpses of the
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2009 World History
Ans-(a) The author of the book ‘Unhappy India’ is Lala UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
Lajpat Rai. Hence option (a) is not correctly matched Ans-(c) The correct match is as follows-
while all other options are correctly matched.
The Great Divide : H. V. Hudson
109. Who wrote ‘Unhappy India’?
Hind Swaraj : Mahatma Gandhi
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
The Guilty Men of India’s : Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia
(b) Lala Lajpat Rai
Partition
(c) Surendranath Banerji
(d) Dada Bhai Naoroji Glimpses of the World : Jawaharlal Nehru
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) G.S. 2004-05 History
History of Modern India 325 YCT
113.Which of the following pairs is not correctly 118.Which of the following pairs is correctly
matched? matched?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru - Hind Swaraj (a) Abul Kalam Azad - Hind Swaraj
(b) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad - India Wins (b) Annie Besant - New India
Freedom (c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak - Commonweal
(c) Subhash Chandra Bose - Indian Struggle (d) Mahatma Gandhi - India Wins Freedom
(d) Lala Lajpat Rai - Unhappy India UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007 Ans-(b) ‘New India’, ‘Madras Standard’ and
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. ‘Commonweal’ were published by Annie Besant. ‘Hind
114. Which among the following pairs is correctly Swaraj’ was published by Mahatma Gandhi. ‘India Wins
matched? Freedom’ was authored by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad.
(a) Subhash Chandra Bose - Towards Struggle 119. The paper ‘Commonweal’ was associated to-
(b) Hugh Toye - Springing Tiger (a) B. G. Tilak (b) Annie Besant
(c) Louis Fischer - An American (c) G. K. Gokhale (d) None of the above
Witness UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2013
to India’s Partition
Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above
(d) Abul Kalam Azad - India Divided question.
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006 120. Which of the following pairs is not correctly
Ans-(b) ‘Springing Tiger’ is the masterpiece of Huge matched?
Toye based on the life story of Subhash Chandra Bose. (a) Navjeevan - M. K. Gandhi
‘Towards Struggle’ was authored by Jai Prakash
Narayan and ‘India Divided’ was authored by Dr. (b) Swarajya - T. Prakasham
Rajendra Prasad. ‘An American Witness to India’s (c) Prabhat - N. C. Kelkar
Partition’ was authored by Phillips Talbot. ‘The Indian (d) Qaumi Awaz - Abul Kalam Azad
Struggle’ was written by Subhash Chandra Bose.
UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2013
115. The book ‘Springing Tiger’ is the biography of-
Ans-(d) Qaumi Awaz is an Urdu language newspaper
(a) Bhagat Singh written by Jawaharlal Nehru. Others are correctly
(b) Subhash Chandra Bose matched.
(c) Chandrashekhar Azad 121. Who among the following has launched the
(d) Ramprasad Bismil paper ‘Qaumi Awaz’?
UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2013 (a) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
question. (c) Shaukat Ali
116. The famous book ‘The Indian Struggle’ was (d) Khaliquzzaman
authored by-
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
(a) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
122. Given below are the names of freedom fighters
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai
and newspapers founded by them. Which among
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose
the following pairs is incorrect?
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2007
(a) Maulana Azad - Al-Hilal
Ans. (d): See the explanation of question no. 44.
(b) Lokmanya Tilak - Kesari
117. The book ‘Indian Struggle’ based on Indian
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru - National Herald
National Movement was written by-
(d) Mahatma Gandhi - The Pioneer
(a) Subhash Chandra Bose
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
(b) Pattabhi Sitaramaiyya
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru Ans-(d) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad had published ‘Al-
Hilal’ newapaper. Kesari was published by Bal Gangadhar
(d) None of the above Tilak. Jawaharlal Nehru published ‘National Herald’ in
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000 1938 from Lucknow. Mahatma Gandhi published Young
Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above India, Navjeevan and Harijan while ‘The Pioneer’ was
question. founded by George Allen in 1865 at Allahabad.
History of Modern India 326 YCT
123.Which of the following is correctly matched? 126.Which of the following pairs is not correctly
(a) Lajpat Rai - Poverty and Un-British matched?
(a) V. D. Savarkar - The Indian War of
Rule in India
Independence
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji - Unhappy India (b) R. C. Majumdar - The Sepoy Mutiny and
(c) Rafiq Zakaria - The Man Who Divided Revolt of 1857
India (c) Radhakamal Mukherjee- Awadh in Revolt
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose - Guilty Men of India’s (1857-1858)
(d) S. B. Chaudhary - The Indian Mutinies
Partition (1857-1859)
UP Lower (Pre) 2013 UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2016
UP UDA/LDA (Pre) 2010 Ans-(c) ‘Awadh in Revolt (1857-1858)’ was authored
Ans-(c) Author Book by Rudrangshu Mukherjee not by Radha Kamal
Mukherjee. Hence option (c) is not correctly matched.
Lala Lajpat Rai Unhappy India
Rest of the options are correctly matched.
Dadabhai Naoroji Poverty and Un-British Rule 127.Which among the following are the two
in India newspapers published by Annie Besant?
Rafiq Zakaria The Man Who Divided India 1. Commonweal
Subhash Chandra Bose The Indian Struggle 2. New India
Ram Manohar Lohia Guilty Men of India’s 3. New Hindu
Partition 3. The Aryans
124. Which one of the following is correctly matched? Choose the correct answer from the codes given
below-
Author Books
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 3
(a) Valentine Chirol Indian Struggle
(c) 2 and 4 (d) 3 and 4
(b) Rafiq Zakaria The Man Who Divided
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2004
India
Ans-(a) ‘Commonweal’ and ‘New India’ was published
(c) Subhash Chandra Bose Indian Unrest by Annie Besant in 1914 and 1915 respectively. It is
(d) V. D. Savarkar Unhappy India worth notable that the early name of New India was
Madras Standard. Hence option (a) is correct.
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2002
128.A list of the following journals has been given
Ans-(b) ‘The Man Who Divided India’ was written by below. Which of them are related to Annie
Rafiq Zakaria. Valentine Chirol wrote ‘Indian Unrest’ Besant?
in which he marked Bal Gangadhar Tilak as Father of
1. New India
Indian Unrest. The ‘Indian Struggle’ was authored by
Subhash Chandra Bose and V. D. Savarkar authored 2. Young India
‘First War of Indian Independence’. ‘Unhappy India’ 3. Indian People
was written by Lala Lajpat Rai. 4. Commonweal
125. Which one of the following is correctly matched? Code:
(a) Durga Das : India From Curzon to (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
Nehru and After (c) 1 and 4 (d) 3 and 4
(b) Larry Collins and : India Divided UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2002
Dominique Lapierre Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(c) Rajendra Prasad : Discovery of India 129. The official historian of India’s struggle for
independence was-
(d) Maulana Abul : Freedom at Midnight
(a) R. C. Majumdar (b) Tarachand
Kalam Azad (c) V. D. Savarkar (d) S. N. Sen
UPPSC Food Safety Inspector Exam 2013 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2010
Ans-(a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad wrote ‘India Divided’, Ans-(d) Dr. S. N. Sen was the official historian of
Jawaharlal Nehru wrote ‘Discovery of India’ and India’s Struggle for Independence. He believed that the
‘Freedom at Midnight’ was written by Larry Collins and uprising of 1857 was a war of Independence. He
Dominique Lapierre. Durga Das is the author of ‘India contends that revolutions are mostly the work of a
from Curzon to Nehru and After’. Hence option (a) is minority, with or without the active sympathy of the
correctly matched. masses. Such was the case with the American
History of Modern India 327 YCT
Revolution of 1775- 1783 and the French Revolution. 133. The script of the famous novel of Bankim
Dr. Sen contends that when a rebellion can claim the Chandra Chaterjee ‘Anand Math’ is based on-
sympathies of the substantial majority of the population, (a) Chunar Rebellion
it can claim a national character. Dr. Sen comes to the (b) Revolts of Rangpur and Dinajpur
conclusion that “The mutiny became a revolt and
(c) Revolts of Vishnupur and Birbhum
assumed a political character when the mutineers of
Meerut placed themselves under the king of Delhi and a (d) Sanyasi Rebellion
section of the landed aristocracy and civil population UPPCS (Pre) 2015
declared in his favour what began as a fight for religion Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
ended as war of Indecent for there is not the slightest 134. ‘Vande Mataram’ was written by-
doubt that the rebels wanted to get rid of the alien (a) Jai Prakash Narayan (b) Rajendra Prasad
government and restore the old order of which the king (c) Birsa Munda (d) None of the above
of Delhi was the rightful representative”. According to
Dr. Sen, the struggle may be described as "a war of BPSC (Pre) 1997-98, 2000-01
fanatic religionists against Christians". MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1998
130. Which of the following newspapers advocated UP Lower Spl. (Pre) 2002
revolutionary terrorism during the period of Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2004-05
Indian freedom struggle? Uttarakhand Lower (Pre) G.S. 2016
1. Sandhya 2. Yugantar Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Mains) 2007
3. Kaal Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Choose the correct answer from the code given 135. Which one of the following books is associated
below: with the rise of national movement in India?
Codes: (a) Gitanjali (b) Anandmath
(a) 1, 2 (b) 1, 3 (c) Satyarth Prakash (d) Gita Rahasya
(c) 2, 3 (d) 1, 2, 3 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2005
UP Lower (Pre) 2008 Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(d) The newspaper related to revolutionary 136. Who penned Anand Math?
terrorism during the period of Indian freedom struggle (a) Subhash Chandra Bose
are as follows- Yugantar in Bengal (Barindra Kumar (b) Sharatchandra Chattopadhyay
Ghosh, Bhupendra Nath Dutt), Sandhya in Bengal (c) Rabindranath Tagore
(Brahma Bandhava), Vande Mataram (Aurobindo (d) Bankim Chandra Chaterjee
Ghosh, Madam Cama etc.) and Kaal in Maharashtra.
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2004-05
All of them criticized Indian National Congress.
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
131. Which one of the popular magazines of the
137. Which of the following books was known as
revolutionary period criticized the Congress for
‘Bible of Bengali Patriotism’?
various reasons?
(a) Gitanjali (b) Anand Math
(a) Bangawasi (b) Kaal
(c) Devdas (d) Gora
(c) Kesari (d) All of the above
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2004-05
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above 138. ‘Vande Mataram’ is associated with which
question. book?
132. The novel ‘Anand Math’ is based on the story of- (a) Anand Math (b) Gitanjali
(a) Chuar Rebellion (b) Sanyasi Rebellion (c) Durgesh Nandini (d) Kapal Kundala
(c) Paligar Revolt (d) Revolt of Talukdars MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1992
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998 Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(b) Anandmath is a novel written by Bankim 139. Which one of the following books was
Chandra Chaterjee which was published in 1882. The paradigm of Sanyasi Rebellion?
National Song of India, 'Vande Mataram' was originally (a) Second freedom struggle of India
published in this novel. The novel is set in the events of (b) Muktir Sandhane Bharat
the Sanyasi Rebellion which took place in the late 18th (c) Nile Rebellion
Century in eastern India, especially Bengal. It is also
(d) Anand Math
known as ‘Bible of Bengali Patriotism’. Based upon this
novel, Anand Math a Hindi Patriotic film was released UP UDA/LDA Spl. 2006
in 1952 directed by Hemen Gupta. Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
History of Modern India 328 YCT
140. Who among the following was the editor of 145. In which one of the following prisons did
revolutionary paper ‘Vande Mataram’? Jawaharlal Nehru wrote his famous book
(a) Shyamji Krishna Verma “Discovery of India”?
(b) Bhikaji Cama (a) Alipur Central Jail (b) Yervada Jail
(c) V. D. Savarkar (c) Naini Central Jail (d) Ahmedabad Fort Jail
(d) G. D. Savarkar Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2006
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006, 2003
Ans-(b) The Vande Mataram was an Indian nationalist UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2004
publication from Paris which began in September, 1909
by the Paris Indian Society. Founded by Madam Bhikaji Ans-(d) Jawaharlal Nehru wrote the book ‘The
Cama, the paper along with the later publication of Discovery of India’ during his imprisonment at
Talvar was aimed at inciting nationalist unrest in India Ahmednagar Fort Jail in Ahmedabad for participating in
and sought to sway the loyalty of the Sepoy of the British the Quit India Movement (1942 – 1946). The book was
Indian Army. It was founded in response to the British ban written during Nehru’s four years of confinement to
on Bankim Chatterjee’s nationalist poem of Vande solitude in prison. The book has excerpts starting from
Mataram, and continued the message of The Indian ancient history, Nehru wrote at length of Vedas,
Sociologist that had earlier been published from London. Upanishads and textbooks on ancient time and ends
141. Who started Marathi fortnightly ‘Bahishkrit during the British raj. The book is a broad view of
Bharat’? Indian History, Culture and Philosophy. The television
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak series “Bharat Ek Khoj”, which was released in 1988,
(b) B. R. Ambedkar was based on this book. He also wrote the book named
(c) V. D. Savarkar ‘Meri Kahani’ and ‘Glimpses of World History’ during
(d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale his prison life.
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2004 146. Who wrote ‘Discovery of India’?
Ans-(b) ‘Janta’ (1930), ‘Mook Nayak’ (1920), (a) Jawaharlal Nehru
‘Annihilation of Caste’ (1936), ‘Prabuddh Bharat’ (b) Lala Lajpat Rai
(1956) and ‘Bahishkrit Bharat’ (1927) are the journals
published by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar. (c) Dadabhai Naoroji
142. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar published three periodicals (d) Motilal Nehru
for the safeguard of Dalit rights. Which of the Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2004-05
following is not one of them? Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Mook Nayak
147. ‘Hind Swaraj’ was written by Mahatma
(b) Bahishkrit Bharat Gandhi in-
(c) Bahishkrit Samaj
(a) Hindi (b) Gujarati
(d) Equality Janta
(c) English (d) Urdu
Uttarakhand RO/ARO (Pre) 2016
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
Ans-(b) Mohandas K. Gandhi wrote ‘Hind Swaraj’
143. Who started ‘Bahishkarit Bharat’?
book in his native language, Gujarati, while travelling
(a) Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi from London to South Africa on board S. S. Kildonan
(b) Jyotiba Phule Castle between November 13 and November 22, 1909.
(c) Bhim Rao Ambedkar In the book, Gandhi gives a diagnosis for the problems
(d) Bhandaji of humanity in modern times, the causes, and its
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991 remedy. The Gujarati edition was banned by the British
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. on its publication in India. Later Gandhi translated it
into English. The English edition was not banned by the
144. Who is the writer of ‘Annihilation of Caste’?
British, who concluded that the book would have little
(a) Jyotirao Phule impact on the English-speaking Indians' subservient to
(b) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar the British and British ideas. Later it has also been
(c) Kanshi Ram translated to French.
(d) Ram Manohar Lohia 148. In which of his following books did Mahatma
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2016 Gandhi call British Parliament as sterile and
Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. prostitute?

History of Modern India 329 YCT

 (a) Sarvodaya or Universal Dawn 152. The founder of ‘Harijan’ was-
(b) An Autobiography or the Story of My (a) Tilak (b) Gokhale
Experiments with Truth (c) Gandhiji (d) Naoroji
(c) Hind Swaraj Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
(d) The Story of a Satyagrahi Ans-(c) Mahatma Gandhi started magazine entitled
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014 ‘Harijan’ in 1933.
Ans-(c) Mahatma Gandhi in his book entitled ‘Hind 153. The first book written by M. K. Gandhi was-
Swaraj’ called British Parliament as sterile and (a) My Experiment with Truth
prostitute. The book was written by Gandhi in Gujarati
(b) Hind Swaraj
language in 1909.
(c) India of My Dreams
149. Who among the following journalists is the
biographer of Mahatma Gandhi? (d) Key to the Health
(a) Louis Fischer (b) Richard Gregg Uttarakhand RO/ARO (2016
(c) Webb Miller (d) None of the above Ans-(b) The first book written by Mahatma Gandhi was
‘Hind Swaraj’ which was published in 1909. ‘My
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
Experiment with Truth’ is an autobiography of
Ans-(a) The biography of Mahatma Gandhi entitled Mahatma Gandhi published weekly in ‘Navjeevan’
“The Life of Mahatma Gandhi” was written by from 1925 to 1929. He also authored ‘India of My
American journalist Louis Fischer who came to India in Dreams’ and ‘Key to the Health’ in 1947 and 1948
May, 1942 and resided for two months. In the scorching respectively.
heat of June he spent one week with Gandhi in
Sevagram Ashram, Wardha. Gandhi gave him one hour 154. Who among the following gave a systematic
daily. He could also talk with Gandhi during other critique of the moderate politics of the Indian
activities such as eating, walking, etc. Fischer also National Congress in a series of articles entitled
wrote a book "Seven Days with the Mahatma". In this ‘New Lamps for Old’?
famous book he has described the Ashram life and (a) Aurobindo Ghosh (b) R. C. Dutt
Gandhi's likes and dislikes in a very touching way. (c) Syed Ahmad khan (d) Viraraghavachari
150. The biographer of Mahatma Gandhi, Louis IAS (Pre) G.S. 2008
Fischer was- Ans-(a) Aurobindo Ghosh during 1892-94 gave a
(a) American journalist (b) British journalist systematic critique of the moderate politics of the Indian
(c) French journalist (d) German journalist National Congress in a series of articles entitled ‘New
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. Ist 2008 Lamps for Old’. ‘New Lamps for Old’ is a title of fiery
series authored by Sri Aurobindo. Sri Aurobindo wrote
Ans-(a) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
this article series on the request of his Cambridge days
151. ‘Harijan Sevak Sangh’ was organized by- friend K.G Deshpande. K.G Deshpande was in-charge
(a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy of a weekly published from Bombay called
(b) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar 'Induprakash'. This article was written on the political
(c) Mahatma Gandhi situation of India. He wrote “Our Actual enemy is not
any force exterior to ourselves, but our own crying
(d) Annie Besant
weaknesses, our cowardice, our selfishness, our
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006 hypocrisy, our purblind sentimentalism.”
Ans-(c) After the Second Round Table Conference, 155. Who among the following related himself to
British government agreed to give Communal Award to English weekly ‘Vande Mataram’?
the Depressed Classes on the request of B. R.
(a) Aurobindo Ghosh
Ambedkar. Gandhi opposed the government's decision
which he considered it would divide the Hindu society (b) Bipin Chandra Pal
and subsequently went on to the indefinite fast (c) Subhash Chandra Bose
in Yerwada Jail. He ended his fast after signing Poona (d) Lokmanya Tilak
Pact with Ambedkar on September 25, 1932. On UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996
September 30, 1932 Gandhi founded All India Anti
Untouchability League, to remove untouchability in the Ans-(a) ‘Vande Mataram’ was an English weekly
society, which later renamed as Harijan Sevak Sangh revolutionary journal published by Sri Aurobindo
(Servants of Untouchables Society). At that time Ghosh. He strongly criticized partition of Bengal in
industrialist Ghanshyam Das Birla was its founding 1905 by Lord Curzon that and he had been imprisoned
president with Amritlal Takkar as its Secretary. for that in 1908.

History of Modern India 330 YCT

156. Who wrote the book ‘Life Divine’? 161.Who is the author of the book ‘Nil Darpan’ based
(a) Mulk Raj Anand (b) Abul Kalam Azad on the plight of Indigo cultivators?
(c) Aurobindo Ghosh (d) Jawaharlal Nehru (a) Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2004-05 (b) Deenbandhu Mitra
Ans-(c) During his stay in Pondicherry, Aurobindo (c) Sharat Chandra Chatterji
Ghosh developed a method of spiritual practice he
called Integral Yoga. The central theme of his vision (d) Rabindra Nath Thakur
was the evolution of human life into a life divine. His main BPSC (Pre) 1997-98
literary works are ‘The Life Divine’ which deals with
theoretical aspects of Integral Yoga, ‘Synthesis of Yoga’ Ans-(b) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
which deals with practical guidance to Integral Yoga 162. Swami Sahajanand published a journal named-
and Savitri: A Legend and a Symbol, an epic poem.
(a) Jankranti (b) Hunkar
157. Aurobindo Ghosh authored-
(c) Krishak Samachar (d) Vidrohi
(a) Extremist Movement (b) Moderate Movement
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
(c) Kesari (d) The Life Divine
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2008 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
Ans-(d) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. Ans-(b) Swami Sahajanand Saraswati (1889 – 1950)
158. The editor of the ‘Hindu Patriot’ which firmly was an ascetic, a nationalist and a peasant leader of
supported the Neel movement was- India. He published a journal named ‘Hunkar’ from
(a) Hem Chandrakar Patna, Bihar.
(b) Harishchandra Mukherjee 163.Persian weekly ‘Mirat-ul-Akhbar’ was published
(c) Deenbandhu Mitra by-
(d) Digambar Vishwas (a) Lala Lajpat Rai
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998 (b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Ans-(b) The British Indian Association was founded (c) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
after amalgamating the “Landholders Society” and
“British India Society” on October 31, 1851. This was (d) Maulana Shibli Nomani
the first political organization that brought the Indians UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000
together. The President of the first committee of this
organization was Raja Radhakanta Deb, while Ans-(b) Mirat-ul-Akhbar was a Persian language
Debendranath Tagore was its Secretary. The newspaper journal founded and edited by Raja Ram Mohan
of this society was “Hindu Patriot” which was the first Roy. The newspaper was first published on April 12,
newspaper published by an Indian in English language. 1822. It was published on weekly basis on Fridays.
Its editor was Harish Chandra Mukherjee. He was
associated with the Hindu Patriot right from its starting 164. Who was the author of ‘Gulamgiri’?
in 1853 and in 1855 he secured the ownership and (a) B. R. Ambedkar (b) Jyotiba Phule
became the editor of the newspaper. Harish Chandra (c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Periyar
Mukherjee played a vital pioneering role in Indigo
Movement with his brilliant writing in the Hindu UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000
Patriot. His writing roused public opinion and Ans-(b) Mahatma Jyotiba Phule’s ‘Gulamgiri’ is
finally Dinabandhu Mitra came out with his play Nil considered as one of the first diatribes against the caste
Darpan in 1860.
system. Published in 1885, it critiques the institution of
159. The first newspaper published by Indian in caste through a 16-part essay and four poetic
English language was-
compositions and it is written in the form of a dialogue
(a) Hindu Patriot (b) The Hindu
between Jyotiba Phule and a character he called
(c) Young India (d) Native Opinion 'Dhondiba'.
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006
165. The book ‘Nineteen Eighty Four’ was written by-
Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above
question. (a) R. K. Narayan (b) Khushwant Singh
160. Who was the author of the play ‘Nil Darpan’? (c) George Orwell (d) None of the above
(a) Tara Nath Bandopadhyay BPSC (Pre) 2007-08
(b) Tara Nath Ghosh
Ans-(c) Nineteen Eighty-Four is a novel written
(c) Dinabandhu Mitra by George Orwell in 1948. The book is about
(d) Bankim Chandra Chatterjee what Orwell thought the world could have looked like
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015 in the year 1984. It describes a frightening world where
Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question. governments control and watch everyone's lives.
History of Modern India 331 YCT
166. Who among the following started the newspaper rebel Pathan leader against whom Jagat Singh was
Shom Prakash? fighting. The story is set in the backdrop of Pathan-
(a) Dayanand Saraswati Mughal conflicts that took place in south-western
(b) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar region of modern-day Indian state of West Bengal
(c) Raja Rammohan Roy during the reign of Akbar.
(d) Surendranath Banerjee 169. The writer of ‘Durgesh Nandini’ is-
(a) Rabindranath Tagore
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2007
(b) Taraknath Gangopadhyay
Ans-(b) Shom Prakash was started by Ishwar Chandra
(c) Swarna Kumari
Vidyasagar in 1859. Dwarkanath Vidyabhusan was an
Indian scholar, editor and publisher of the trend-setting (d) Bankim Chandra Chatterji
weekly Bengali newspaper, Shom Prakash. Iswar BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1999
Chandra Vidyasagar proposed the publication of a Ans. (d): Kindly refer the explanation of above
weekly newspaper Som Prakash partly with the question.
objective of providing employment for a deaf scholar. 170. Who among the following founded ‘Indian
The newspaper hit the stands in 1858 but the deaf Society of Oriental Art’?
scholar never joined it. The entire responsibility of (a) Nihar Ranjan Ray
editing and publishing the newspaper was vested in (b) Nirendra Mohan Mukherji
Vidyabhusan. (c) Abanindra Nath Tagore
167. Lectures from Colombo to Almora is based on (d) Barindra Nath Ghosh
the experiences of which one of the following? UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2015
(a) Veer Savarkar Ans. (c): Abanindra Nath Tagore was the principal
(b) Annie Besant artist and creator of the 'Indian Society of Oriental Art'
(c) Ramkrishna Paramhansa in 1907. He was also the first major exponent
of Swadeshi values in Indian art, thereby founded the
(d) Swami Vivekananda
influential Bengal School of Art which led to the
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2006 development of modern Indian painting. He was also a
Ans. (d): Lectures from Colombo to Almora (1897) is a noted writer, particularly for children. Popularly known
book of Swami Vivekananda based on his various as 'Aban Thakur', his books Rajkahini, Budo Angla,
lectures. After visiting the West, Vivekananda Nalak, and Khirer Putul are landmarks in Bengali
language children's literature.
reached Colombo, British Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) in
January 1897. Upon Vivekananda's arrival in South 171. The author of ‘Satyarth Prakash’ was-
India a 40 feet high monument was built by the king of (a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Ramnad on the spot where he landed to celebrate his (b) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
achievements at the West. He reached Calcutta via (c) Mahatma Gandhi
Madras on January 20, 1897. Then Vivekananda (d) Swami Vivekananda
travelled extensively and visited many Indian states. On Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2006
June 19, 1897 he reached Almora. The lectures Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2017
delivered by him in this period were compiled into the
Ans. (b): Satyarth Prakash (1875 AD) is a book written
book-Lectures from Colombo to Almora. The book
originally in Hindi by Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati, a
contains reports of his 17 lectures. renowned religious and social reformer and the founder
168. Which one of the following is an important of Arya Samaj.
historical novel written during the latter half of 172. ‘Satyarth Prakash’ is the holy book of-
the nineteenth century? (a) Arya Samaj
(a) Rast Goftar (b) Durgesh Nandini (b) Brahmo Samaj
(c) Maharatha (d) Nibandhamala (c) Theosophical Society
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996 (d) Prarthana Samaj
Ans. (b): Durgesh Nandini is a Bengali historical Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
romance novel written by Indian writer Bankim Ans. (a): ‘Satyarth Prakash’ is the holy book of Arya
Chandra Chattopadhyay in 1865. Durgesh Nandini is a Samaj Originally written in Hindi language by Swami
story of the love triangle between Jagat Singh, Dayanand Saraswati in 1875. It is worth notable that
a Mughal General, Tilottama, the daughter of born as 'Mool Shankar', Swami Dayanand Saraswati
a Bengali feudal lord and Ayesha, the daughter of a founded Arya Samaj at Bombay in 1875.
History of Modern India 332 YCT
173. Who among the following famous reformers Ans. (c): The author of the book ‘The Man Who
wrote the books, Jnana Yoga, Karma Yoga and Divided India’ was Rafiq Zakaria while Abul Kalam
Raja Yoga? Azad wrote ‘India Wins Freedom’, Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(a) Swami Vivekananda wrote ‘India Divided’ and Larry Collins and Dominique
(b) Ranade Lapierre authored ‘Freedom at Mid Night’.
(c) Raja Ram Mohan Roy 178. The editor of ‘Swadeshwahini’ was-
(d) Ramkrishna Paramhansa (a) C. V. Raman Pillai
UP Lower (Pre) 2015 (b) C. N. Mudaliar
Ans. (a): Swami Vivekananda, the most famous (c) K. Ramakrishna Pillai
disciple of Ramakrishna Paramhamsa wrote the books (d) C. R. Reddy
Jnana Yoga, Karma Yoga and Raja Yoga. The ‘Patron UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2005
Saint’ of India, Swami Vivekananda is respected
Ans. (c): The editor of ‘Swadeshwahini’ was K.
throughout the world as a spiritual genius. One of his
famous quote is, “Truth can be stated in a thousand Ramakrishna Pillai.
different ways, yet each one can be true.” 179. Who among the following wrote about Home
174. The newspaper brought out by Bal Gangadhar Land of Aryans?
Tilak to promote nationalism was- (a) Shankaracharya (b) Annie Besant
(a) Yugantar (b) Deshbhakti (c) Vivekananda (d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(c) Kesari (d) Kranti UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2008 Ans. (d): 'The Arctic Home in the Vedas' is a book on
Ans. (c): Kesari is a Marathi newspaper founded in the origin of Aryans by Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar
1881 by Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak. The Tilak. The book was written at the end of 1898 but was
newspaper was used as a spokespiece for the Indian first published in March 1903 in Pune. It propounded
national freedom movement. He also published English the theory that the North Pole was the original home of
newspaper ‘Maratha’ to promote nationalism. Aryans during pre-glacial period which they had to
175. The first newspaper published in India was- leave due to the ice deluge around 8000 B.C. and had to
migrate to the Northern part of Europe and Asia in
(a) The Bengal Gazette (b) The Calcutta Gazette search of lands for new settlements. In support to his
(c) Madras Courier (d) Bombay Herald theory, Tilak has presented certain Vedic hymns, East
UPPCS Spl. (Mains) G.S. 2004 Iranian passages, Vedic chronology and Vedic
UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Mains) 2010 calendars with interpretations of the contents in detail.
Ans. (a): Published from Calcutta (Kolkata) in English 180. The memoir entitled 'Bapu : My Mother' was
language by James Augustus Hickey in 1780, The written by-
Bengal Gazette was a weekly newspaper published in (a) B.R. Nanda (b) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur
India. (c) Mahadev Desai (d) Manubehn
176. The report ‘Journey through the Kingdom of UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
Oudh in the year 1849-50’ was written by-
(a) W. H. Sleeman (b) Outram Ans. (d): The memoir entitled ‘Bapu: My Mother’ was
written by Kumari Manuben Gandhi.
(c) Bishop Heber (d) None of the above
181. The pamphlet entitled ‘Why I am an Atheist?'
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
was written by-
Ans. (a): The report ‘Journey through the Kingdom of
(a) B.K. Dutt (b) Bhagat Singh
Oudh in the year 1849-50’ was authored by W. H.
Sleeman. Born in 1788 W.H. Sleeman came to India as (c) Rajguru (d) Yashpal
an infantry cadet in the Bengal army in 1809. He rose UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010
through the rank finally to become Major-General in Ans. (b): ‘Why I am an Atheist’ is an essay written by
1854. He is best remembered for his work for the Indian revolutionary Bhagat Singh in 1930 in Lahore
suppression of the Thugs. Central Jail. The essay was a reply to his religious
177. The author of the book ‘The Man Who Divided friends who thought Bhagat Singh became an atheist
India’ was- because of his vanity.
(a) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad 182. The book 'India's Struggle for Independence'
(b) Dr. Rajendra Prasad was authored by-
(c) Rafiq Zakaria (a) Tarachand (b) S.N. Sen
(d) Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre (c) R.C. Majumdar (d) Bipin Chandra
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010
History of Modern India 333 YCT
Ans. (d): The book ‘India’s Struggle for Independence’ 188. The author of ‘Bharat-Bharti’ is-
was authored by Bipin Chandra. (a) Rabindranath Tagore (b) Mulkraj Anand
183. The book "Mountbatten and the Partition of (c) Maithilisharan Gupt (d) Bankim Chandra
India" was written by: Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
(a) Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre Ans. (c): The author of ‘Bharat Bharti’ is Maithili
(b) M.N. Das Sharan Gupt. The book has been written in Husaddas
(c) Louis Fischer Hali (a form of Urdu poem) genre. Gupt entered the
(d) None of the above world of Hindi literature by writing poems in various
magazines, including Saraswati. In 1910, his first major
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2009
work, ‘Rang mein Bhang’ was published by Indian
Ans. (a): The imperialist historian Larry Collins and Press. With ‘Bharat Bharati’ his nationalist poems
Dominic Lapierre wrote the book 'Mountbatten and the became popular among Indians, who were struggling
Partition of India' based on the partition of India in for independence. His other works include Saket,
which Mountbatten was not convicted for the partition Yashodhara etc.
of India.
189. Who is the author of the book named
184. Who was the author of the book 'Bandi Jivan'? ‘Landmarks in Indian Constitutional and
(a) Dinabandhu Mitra (b) Hema Chandrakar National Development’?
(c) Ram Prasad BismiI (d) Sachindra Sanyal (a) Bipin Chandra (b) Gurumukh Nihal Singh
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007 (c) B. R. Nanda (d) Ram Gopal
Ans-(d): The author of the book ‘Bandi Jivan’ (in Hindi Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
and Gurumukhi) is Sachindra Sanyal. The book mostly Ans. (b): The First Governor of Rajasthan Gurumukh
attracted youngsters towards revolution. It is worth Nihal Singh wrote the book ‘Landmarks in Indian
notable that Sachindra Sanyal along with Chandra Constitutional and National Development’. It was
Shekhar Azad and Ram Prasad Bismil founded published in 1950 from Delhi.
Hindustan Republic Association (HRA) in October,
190. The writer of ‘Indian National Movement : The
1924 at Kanpur.
Long Term Dynamics’ is-
185. The book ‘Mother India’ was written by-
(a) Satish Chandra (b) Bipin Chandra
(a) Katherine Mayo (b) Lala Lajpat Rai
(c) Tarachand (d) Sumit Sarkar
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak (d) Bipin Chandra Pal
UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2015
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006
Ans. (b): The author of ‘Indian National Movement:
Ans. (a): The polemical book ‘Mother India’ was The Long Term Dynamics’ is Bipin Chandra.
authored by American historian Katherine Mayo while
191. Which Urdu newspaper was started by Lala
Lala Lajpat Rai wrote ‘Unhappy India’. Bal Gangadhar
Lajpat Rai in 1920 from Lahore?
Tilak published ‘Kesari’ and Bipin Chandra Pal wrote
‘The Soul of India’ and ‘Memories of My Life and Times’. (a) Vande Mataram (b) People
186. Who wrote the famous song 'Saare Jahan Se (c) Tribune (d) Veer Arjun
Achcha Hindustan Hamara'? UP Lower Spl. (Pre) 2008
(a) Sahir Ludhianvi Ans. (a): Lala Lajpat Rai started ‘Vande Mataram’ in
(b) Sir Sayyad Ahmed Khan 1920 from Lahore. It is worth notable that he also
presided the annual session of Indian National Congress
(c) Sir Muhammad Iqbal held in Calcutta in 1920.
(d) Bahadur Shah Zafar
192. Which of the following was conferred with the
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2004 honour of 'National Poet' for contributing to the
Ans. (c): The renowned poet and lawyer by profession, freedom struggle by his literary works?
Muhammad Iqbal wrote “Saare Jahan Se Achcha (a) Jaishankar Prasad
Hindustan Hamara”. (b) Maithili Sharan Gupt
187. Who among the following was official historian (c) Ramdhari Singh Dinkar
of Congress? (d) Sumitranandan Pant
(a) C. Rajagopalachari (b) J. B. Kriplani UP Lower (Pre) 2002
(c) Pattabhi Sitaramaiyya (d) Sardar Patel Ans. (b): Maithili Sharan Gupt was conferred with the
Uttarakhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2002-03 honour of ‘National Poet’ for contributing to the
Ans. (c): The official historian of Congress was freedom struggle by his literary works. At the time of
Pattabhi Sitaramaiyya. The name of the book was freedom movement, he filled up the new empowered
‘History of Congress’. agitators through his ardent writings.

History of Modern India 334 YCT

193. Who founded ‘Amrit Bazar’ magazine? Ans. (d): ‘Indian Unrest’ was authored by Valentine
(a) Girish Chandra Ghosh Chirol. In his book, Valentine Chirol termed Tilak as
(b) Harishchandra Mukherji ‘Father of Indian Unrest’.
(c) S. N. Bannerjee 198. Which one of the following newspapers of pre-
independence Rajasthan was not the promoter of
(d) Shishir Kumar Ghosh
Arya Samaj ideology?
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2004-05 (a) Desh Hiteshi (b) Janhitkarak
Ans. (d): In 1868, Amrita Bazar Patrika, a Bengali daily (c) Paropkarak (d) Rajputana Gazette
newspaper was started by Shishir Kumar Ghosh, Moti
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2016
Lal Ghosh and Tusar Kanti Ghosh. It was used as a tool
to expose British agent’s cruel deeds of tyranny. Ans. (d): ‘The Rajputana Gazette’ was an Urdu weekly
edited by Maulavi Murad Ali from Ajmer in 1885
194. Which among the following newspapers was
which did not promote the ideology of Arya Samaj.
mainly the propagator of policies of moderates?
Later his wife Moti Begum operated the newspaper
(a) New India (b) Leader after his death.
(c) Young India (d) Free Press Journal 199. In 1920s, with the objective of political
BPSC (Pre) 2004-05 awakening who published newspaper ‘Rajasthan’
Ans. (b): The newspaper ‘Leader’ was mainly the from Beawar?
propagator of policies of moderates. The editor of (a) Rishi Dutt Mehta
‘Leader’ was Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya. ‘New (b) Haribhau Upadhyay
India’ and ‘Commonweal’ was edited by Annie Besant, (c) Munshi Samarthdan
Mahatma Gandhi founded ‘Young India’ in 1918 while
(d) Ram Narayan Chaudhari
‘Free Press Journal’ was a news agency.
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2015
195. Who wrote ‘Jhanda Geet’?
Ans. (a): With the objective of political awakening
(a) Rabindranath Tagore
Rishi Dutt Mehta published the newspaper ‘Rajasthan’
(b) Bankimchandra Chatterji weekly from Beawar in 1920s.
(c) Maithilisharan Gupta 200. Which among the following poet is called Tagore
(d) Shyamlal Gupta 'Parshad' of Punjab?
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2003-04 (a) Puran Singh (b) Mohan Singh
Ans. (d): ‘Jhanda Geet’ was written by Shyamlal Gupta (c) Kartar Singh Duggal (d) Amrita Pritam
‘Parshad’ while he was in Kanpur Jail in 1924. Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2015
196. Who started the newspaper ‘Free Hindustan’ in Ans. (a): Professor Puran Singh is also known as
America? ‘Tagore of Punjab’. He was a Punjabi poet and mystic.
(a) Ramnath Puri (b) G. D. Kumar Born in Abbottabad, now in Pakistan, in an Ahluwalia
(c) Lala Hardayal (d) Taraknath Das family, he is acclaimed as one of the founders of
modern Punjabi poetry.
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1994
201. Who among the following revolutionaries wrote
Ans. (d): In 1905, Tarankanath Das sailed to Japan and
an article ‘An Introduction to the Dreamland’?
lived there in exile under an assumed name Tarak
Brahmachari and after one year he went to San (a) Bhagwati Charan Vohra
Francisco, USA and launched his journal named “Free (b) Ram Prasad Bismil
Hindustan” from Vancouver, America in April, 1908. (c) Bhagat Singh
With its columns he started influencing the American (d) Batukeshwar Dutt
public opinion about the real condition of India and UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Pre) 2006
circulated the cause of a free Indian republic. He
Ans. (a): ‘An Introduction to the Dreamland’ is an
established the Indian Independence League in article written by Bhagwati Charan Vohra in America
California and also helped Lala Hardayal in organizing which illustrated an image of independent India.
the Ghadar Party Movement in the USA.
202. Who among the following is the biographer of
197. Who was the author of ‘Indian Unrest’? Mahatma Gandhi?
(a) Dadabhai Naoroji (b) Annie Besant (a) B. R. Nanda (b) S. Gopal
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai (d) Valentine Chirol (c) Durgadas (d) Frank Moraes
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1994 UPPSC Food Safety Inspector Exam 2013
History of Modern India 335 YCT
Ans. (a): Bal Ram Nanda (1917 – 2010) was a writer Ans. (b): Newspapers Establishment Year
from New Delhi, India. He was the preeminent Indian Bombay Herald - 1789
biographer of Mahatma Gandhi. He wrote many books.
One of them is Mahatma Gandhi : A biography. Madras Courier - 1785
203. The editor of ‘Indian Mirror’ started in the early Calcutta Gazette - 1784
stages of the struggle against British rule was- Bengal Gazette - 1780
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak The Hindu - 1878
(b) Surendranath Bannerji
208.The first historian of 19th century who wrote
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji about the feudal system of Rajasthan was-
(d) S. N. Sen (a) Colonel James Tod
UPPSC Asst. Forest Conservator Exam 2015
(b) Dr. L. P. Tessitori
Ans. (d): ‘Indian Mirror’ was published by Manmohan
Ghosh in 1861 from Calcutta. He himself was the editor (c) George Grearson
of the newspaper. Later S. N. Sen became the editor of (d) John Thomas
‘Indian Mirror’. As Manmohan Ghosh has not been RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2009
mentioned in the option, hence option (d) would be
considered as the correct answer. Ans. (a): The first historian of 19th century, Colonel
James Tod in his book ‘Annals and Antiquities of
204. The paper 'Indian Mirror' was published during
Rajasthan’ published in 1829 used the word ‘Rajwada’,
1880 from-
‘Raithan’ or ‘Rajasthan’ for the state.
(a) Bombay (b) Calcutta
(c) Madras (d) Pondicherry 209. "Majahab Nahi Sikhata Aapas Me Bair
Rakhna"who wrote the following lines in his
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007
work?
Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above
question. (a) Mirza Ghalib
205. ”The Muslims, if contented and satisfied, would (b) Mohammad Iqbal
become the greatest bulwark of British power in (c) Raghupati Sahay ‘Firaq’
India”. Who wrote it? (d) Mahatma Gandhi
(a) Herbert Risley (b) Lord Lytton MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1998
(c) W. W. Hunter (d) H. N. Brailsford
Ans. (b): “Mahajab Nahi Sikhata Aapas Me Bair
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Rakhna” is a part from the poem “Saare Jahan Se Achha
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017 Hindustan Hamara” which is written by Mohammad
Ans. (c): William Wilson Hunter in his book ‘The Iqbal. The poem was published in the weekly journal
Indian Musalmans’ wrote “The Muslims, if contented ‘Ittehad’ on August 16, 1904. Recited by Iqbal, the
and satisfied, would become the greatest bulwark of following year at Government College, Lahore, now in
British power in India”.
Pakistan. It quickly became an anthem of opposition to
206. Which journal was not associated with the the British rule in India.
revolutionary activities?
210. Which of the following statements about
(a) Sandhya (b) Yugantar
'Varnaparichay’, a mid 19th century Bengali text
(c) Ghadar (d) Young India
is/are correct?
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
1. It was written by Raja Rammohan Roy.
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017
2. It was the most widely used Bengali primer of
Ans. (d): Published by Mahatma Gandhi, 'Young India' the time.
promoted non-violent movement while Sandhya, Yugantar
and Ghadar supported the revolutionary activities. Select correct answer using code given below.
207. Which one of the following is NOT correctly (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
matched? (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
(a) Bombay Herald - 1789 UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2016
(b) Indian World - 1788 Ans. (b): Varna Parichay is a primer of the Bangla
language written by Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar in
(c) Madras Courier - 1785
1855. This was the first book designed on logical
(d) Calcutta Gazette - 1784 principles to teach the Bangla alphabet to the beginners
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I systematically.

History of Modern India 336 YCT

 211. Which among the following pairs is not correctly 215. Who among the following is associated with
matched? 'Songs from Prison', a translation of ancient
(a) S. C. Bose : Indian Struggle Indian religious lyrics in English?
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji : Poverty and Un-British (a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Rule in India (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Rajendra Prasad : India Divided (c) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
(d) Frank Moraes : India from Curzon to Nehru (d) Sarojini Naidu
and After UPSC (IAS) 2021
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014
Ans. (c): ‘Songs from Prison' is a book of translation
Ans. (d): ‘India from Curzon to Nehru and After’ was from Sanskrit hymns and lyrics, from the Upanishads
authored by Durga Das. Rest of the options are correctly and other scriptures. Mahatma Gandhi made these
matched. translations during his incarceration in Yerwada Prison
212. Who among the following is the author of the in 1930. Translations of works by Manu, Tulsidas,
book ‘The Social Contract’? Kabir, Nanak, Mirabai, Ramdas, Tukaram and many
(a) Waltair (b) Hobbs other poets. Gandhi prepared these translations mainly
(c) Lock (d) Rousseau for his English friends and especially for Mirabehn.
UPSC CDS IInd 2017 Hence, option (c) is the correct Answer.
Ans. (d): ‘The Social Contract’, originally published 216. Who wrote the famous play, Nil Darpan in
as ‘The Social Contract, or 'Principles of Political which oppression of indigo farmers is
Rights’ by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, is a 1762 book in displayed?
which Rousseau theorized about the best way to (a) Sharat Chandra Chatterjee
establish a political community in the face of the (b) Rabindranath Tagore
problems of commercial society, which he had already
(c) Barindra Ghosh
identified in his book 'Discourse on Inequality (1754)'.
The Social Contract helped, inspire political reforms or (d) Dinabandhu Mitra
revolutions in Europe, especially in France. (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
213. The famous Urdu Weekly 'Al-Hilal' was 66th BPSC 2020(pre)
started in which of the following years? Ans. (d) : Nil Darpan was written by Dinabandhu Mitra
(a) 1910 AD (b) 1911 AD in 1858-59. The main context of the play is on the event
(c) 1912 AD (d) 1913 AD of Indigo Revolt in Bengal. The Play was translated to
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I English by Michael Madhusudan Dutt. It showed how
farmers was coerced into planting indigo without
Ans. (c) : The famous Urdu Weekly Al-Hilal was
published in 1912 AD by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad. adequate payment.
214. With reference to Madanapalle of Andhra 217. Match List-I (Books) with List-II (Authors) and
Pradesh, which one of the following statements select the correct answer using the codes given
is correct? below :
(a) Pingali Venkayya designed the tricolour List-I List-II
Indian National Flag here. A. My Presidential Years 1. S. Radhakrishnan
(b) Pattabhi Sitaramayya led the Quit India B. The Hindu View of Life 2. V.V. Giri
Movement of Andhra region from here. C. Voice of Conscience 3. N. Sanjiva Reddy
(c) Rabindranath Tagore translated the National D. Without Fear of Favour 4. R. Venkataraman
Anthem from Bengali to English here.
Code:
(d) Madame Blavatsky and Colonel Olcott set up
A B C D
headquarters of Theosophical Society first
here. (a) 2 1 4 3
UPSC (IAS) 2021 (b) 4 3 2 1
Ans. (c): The original song 'Jana Gana Mana' (National (c) 2 3 4 1
Anthem) was written in Bengali. The idea of translating (d) 4 1 2 3
the song from Bengali to English came to Rabindranath IAS (Pre) G.S. 2004
Tagore while he was visiting the Besant Theosophical Ans. (d) The correct match is as follows-
College on the invitation of Irish poet James H.
My Presidential Years – R. Venkataraman
Cousins. He penned down the english translation during
his stay at Madanapalle, a small town in the Chittoor The Hindu View of Life – S. Radhakrishnan
district of Andhra Pradesh. Voice of Conscience – V. V. Giri
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer. Without Fear of Favour – N. Sanjiva Reddy
History of Modern India 337 YCT

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47.
Miscellaneous
1. Who was the member of Indian Constituent Of these statements:
Assembly from Bihar? (a) Only 1 and 2 are correct.
(a) A. N. Sinha (b) Only 2 and 3 are correct. .
(b) Rajendra Prasad (c) Only 1, 2 and 4 are correct.
(c) Jagjivan Ram (d) Only 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
(d) Shyamanandan Prasad Mishra UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2013
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above Ans-(c) In the Interim Government of 1946, Railway
and Transport Portfolio was headed by Asaf Ali. The
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18 Ancient Monuments Preservation Act, 1904 was passed
Ans-(e) The idea of Constituent assembly of India was on March 18, 1904 by British India during the regime
first put forward by Manabendra Nath Roy in 1934. In of Lord Curzon. The Indian National Congress met
1935, it became the official demand of INC. It was at Haripura during February 19 to 22, 1938, under the
accepted in August 1940 in the August Offer, Presidency of Subhas Chandra Bose. He was elected
President of the Haripura Congress Session (51th
constituted under the Cabinet Mission plan 1946. The
Session) in 1938. The Anarchical and Revolutionary
members of the Constituent assembly were indirectly Crime Act (1919) popularly known as Rowlatt Act was
elected by the members of the provincial assemblies by passed by the Imperial Legislative Council of British
method of single transferable vote system of India in March, 1919. The Act provided the authority to
proportional representations. Among 389 members of the British government to arrest and imprison suspects
Constituent Assembly 38 were from Bihar including A. without trial. In protest to this Act, Swami
N. Sinha, Rajendra Prasad and Jagjivan Ram. Shraddhananda suggested starting the movement of not
paying rent (Lagaan).
2. Which part of India remained under Portuguese
4. Arrange the following incidents in
control even after August 15, 1947? chronological order.
(a) Goa (b) Sikkim (i) Cripps Mission
(c) Pondicherry (d) Andaman and Nicobar (ii) Mountbatten Plan
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2010 (iii) Quit India Movement
Ans-(a) India got independence on August 15, 1947 but (iv) Home Rule League
Goa remained under Portuguese control even after (a) 1, 2, 4, 3 (b) 3, 4, 1, 2
independence. Goa was liberated from Portuguese rule (c) 1, 2, 3, 4 (d) 4, 1, 3, 2
on December 19, 1961. It was a part of Union Territory Gujarat PSC Pre-2019 Paper-I
of Goa, Daman & Diu till 30th May 1987 when it was
Ans. (d): • Home Rule League was launched by Annie
carved out to form a separate state.
Besant in September 1916 at Madras.
3. Consider the following statements:
• The Cripps Mission was a failed attempt in late
1. Asaf Ali looked after the work of Railway March 1942 by the British government to secure full
Ministry in the Interim Government (1946) Indian cooperation and support for their efforts in
2. 'Ancient Monuments Preservation Act' was World War II.
passed when Lord Curzon was Governor • The Quit India Movement was a movement launched
General. at the Bombay session of all India Congress
3. The Haripura Session of the Indian National Committee by Gandhi on 8 August 1942.
Congress was presided over by C.R. Das. • Mountbatten Plan was proposed in May 1947 by
4. Swami Shraddhanand suggested no-tax Lord Mountbatten. The plan was put into action by
campaign as a protest against the Rowlatt the Indian Independence Act, 1947 which was to be
Act. partitioned into two dominions- India and Pakistan.

History of Modern India 338 YCT

5. The Department of State was established under Code −
whose headship? (a) I, IV, II and III (b) IV, I, II and III
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) J.L. Nehru (c) I, III, II and IV (d) I, II, III and IV
(c) G.B. Pant (d) Sardar Patel UPPCS RO/ARO (Pre) 2023 (Cancelled)
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above Ans.(d): The Act in their chronological order as
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18 follows -
Ans-(d) The Department of State or State Department Lex - Loci Act 1850
was constituted after the independence of India under
the Chairmanship of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel on July 5, Bengal Tenancy Act 1885
1947 for the merger of Indian princely states in India. Age of Consent Act 1891
Sardar Patel merged around 562 princely states in India.
Indian University Act 1904
6. Which of the following two places in Mumbai
had Salt Markets during the British time? 9. Which statement is true regarding Bipin
(a) C.S.M.T. and Wadala Chandra Pal?
(b) Bhendi Bazar and Wadala 1. He was a Brahmo Samaj Leader and Social
Reformer.
(c) Charni Road and Wadala
2. A weekly magazine named New India was
(d) Panvel and Wadala published.
Maharashtra PSC 2022 Select the correct answer using the code given
Ans. (b) : Bhendi Bazar and Wadala were the two below:
places in Mumbai that had Salt Markets during the Code −
British time.
(a) Neither 1 nor 2 (b) Both 1 and 2
7. Which one of the following statements is NOT
(c) Only 2 (d) Only 1
correct about Jawaharlal Nehru?
UPPCS RO/ARO (Pre) 2023 (Cancelled)
(a) He got married in 1916
(b) He took part in Home Rule Movement Ans. (b) : Bipin Chandra Pal was an Indian nationalist
and freedom fighter. He was associated with Brahmo
(c) In 1928, he was elected General Secretary of Samaj. He worked as writer, orator, social reformer.
Congress As a journalist, Pal worked for Bengal Public opinion,
(d) In 1930, he was elected as President of the the Tribune and New India.
All India Trade Union Congress Hence both statements are correct.
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I 10. For whom did K.M. Panikkar say that "He was
Ans. (*) : J.L. Nehru was born in 14th November 1889 the first diplomat of modern India"?
AD at Prayagraj in UP and died on 27th May 1964 AD at (a) Dadabhai Naoroji
Delhi. He was married with Kamla Nehru in 1916 AD. (b) Lala Lajpat Rai
He got graduate degree from Cambridge University and (c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
in 1912 AD he came back to India and participated in (d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
‘Bankipur Congress Summit’. In 1919 AD he became MPPSC (Pre) 2024 23/06/2024
secretary of Home Rule in Allahabad. In September
Ans.(a): K.M. Panikkar attributed Dadabhai Naoroji
1923 AD he became the General Secretary of All India
that he "was the first diplomat of modern India".
Congress Committee.
11. Consider the following pairs:
In 1928 he was elected as the president of the All India
Trade Union Congress. Party Its Leader
In 1929 he was elected president of Lahore session of
the Indian National Congress. 1. Bharatiya Jana Dr. Shyama Prasad
Sangh Mukherjee
8. Arrange the following Acts in their
chronological order and select the correct
answer from the code given below: 2. Socialist Party C. Rajagopalachari

I. Lex - Loci Act

3. Congress for Jagjivan Ram
II. Bengal Tenancy Act
Democracy
III. Age of Consent Act
4. Swatantra Party Acharya Narendra Dev
IV. Indian University Act
History of Modern India 339 YCT
 How many of the above are correctly matched? (ii) The Prison where Mahatma Gandhi and
(a) Only one (b) Only two Sardar were cellmates was Naini Prison.
(c) Only three (d) All four (iii) He was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1989.
(iv) He was the first Deputy Prime Minister of
UPSC IAS (Pre.) 2024
India.
Ans(b): The correct match is as follows :- Select the incorrect statements using the codes
Party - It's Leader given below.
Bhartiya Janasnagh - Dr. Shyama Prasad (a) (i) and (ii) only (b) (ii) and (iii) only
Mukherjee (c) (iii) and (iv) only (d) (i) and (iv) only
Socialist Party - Acharya Narendra ASSAM PSC (Pre) 2023
Dev Ans. (d) : Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was a prominent
Congress for Democracy - Jagjivan Ram figure in the Indian freedom struggle who later became
first Deputy Prime Minister and first Home Minister of
Swatantra Party - C. Rajagopalachari
India.
Hence, pairs 1 & 3 are correctly matched. He got the Moniker 'Sardar' due to his organisational
12. Which of the following is wrongly matched skills during Bardoli Satayagraha. He and Mahatma
regarding 'Praja Mandals'? Gandhi were cell-mates in Yerawada prison (Not in
Naini Prison) after the arrestment in 1932 due to failure
(a) Vijay Singh Pathik : Rajasthan
by 2nd Round Table Conference.
(b) Balwant Rai : Madhya Pradesh He was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1991 (Not in
(c) Sewa Singh Thikriwala: Punjab 1989).
(d) Sarangadhar Das : Orissa Hence, only statements I & IV are correct.
APPSC (Pre) 2023 15. Consider the following statement on the
Ans. (b) : Balwant Rai Mehta established Praja Mandal contributions of Pandit Ishwar Chandra
Vidyasagar:
at Bhavnagar in Gujarat (not in Madhya Pradesh).
Hence, pair (b) is incorrectly matched. I. His great contribution was for the uplifment
of women in India.
13. Consider the following events pertaining to the II. He organized a powerful movement for the
Freedom Movement of India: enactment of Widow Remarriage Act.
(i) Mountbatten Plan III. To propagate his social ideas, he published
(ii) Quit India Movement Sambad Kaumudi, a Bengali weekly
(iii) Wavell plan newspaper.
(iv) Royal Indian navy Mutiny Which of the above statement are correct?
Select the correct chronological order of these (a) I and II
events using the codes given below. (b) I and III
(a) (ii)–(iii)–(iv)–(i) (c) II and III
(b) (ii)–(i)–(iii)–(iv) (d) I, II and III
(c) (ii)–(iv)–(i)–(iii) APPSC (Pre) 2023
(d) (ii)–(i)–(iv)–(iii) Ans. (a) : Pandit Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar was a
ASSAM PSC (Pre) 2023 nineteenth centrury polymath reformer, whose
contribution towards the upliftment of women in India
Ans. (a) : The correct chronological order of events
is remarkable. Hence statement -I is correct.
pertaining to the freedom movement of India as -
He organised a powerful movement as a result,
Quit India Movement (1942), Wavell Plan (1945),
Government of India passed the Widow Remarriage Act
Royal India Navy Mutiny (1946) and Mountbatten Plan
in 1856. Hence statement-II is also correct.
(1947).
Sambad Kaumudi, was a weekly newspaper published
14. Consider the following statements about
by Raja RamMohan Roy (not by Iswar Chandra
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel:
Vidyasagar). The newspaper actively compaigned for
(i) He got the moniker 'Sardar' due to his the abolition of sati pratha.
organizational skills during Bardoli
Hence statement-III is not correct.
Satyagraha.
History of Modern India 340 YCT
16. Consider the following events: Ans. (b) : James Mill was highly critical of Indian
I. Swadeshi Movement religion and culture. He felt that European culture, arts
II. Surat Split and laws were necessary to uplift the downtrodden
Indians. Hence, statement-I is correct.
III. Lucknow Pact
Lord William Bentinck was the Governor-General from
IV. Home Rule Movement
1828 to 1835 in India. He abolished Persian as a court
Which of the above main events took place language and ordered the use of vernacular language in
during the extremist phase? place of persian in 1835. Hence, statement-II is also
(a) I, II and III (b) I and II only correct.
(c) II, III and IV (d) I, II, III and IV Wood's Despatch of 1854 established the framework for
APPSC (Pre) 2023 mass education in India. It led to establishment of
Ans. (d) : The extremist phase was started in 1905 and Calcutta, Bombay and Madras (not in Delhi)
ended in 1918. In this phase Swadeshi Movement, universities in India. Hence, statement-II is not correct.
Surat split, Lucknow pact and Home Rule Movement 19. After passing away of Dr. Babasaheb
took place. Ambedkar, who from the followers of Dr.
17. Consider the following events: Ambedkar, became member of the Congress ?
I. Visit of Simon Commission to India (A) R.D. Bhandare
II. Purna Swaraj resolution at Lahore session (B) Rajabhau Bhole
III. Launch of Dandi March (C) Dadasaheb Rupwate
Which of the above main events took place (D) Bapusaheb Rajbhoj
during the tenure of Lord Irwin? (a) Only (A), (C), (D) (b) Only (A), (B), (C)
(a) I and II (c) Only (A), (B), (D) (d) (A), (B), (C), (D)
(b) I and III Maharashtra PSC 2022
(c) II and III Ans. (b) : R. D. Bhandare was a member of the Indian
(d) I, II and III National Congress political party and also he was twice
elected to Lok Sabha.
APPSC (Pre) 2023
Dadasahab Rupwate was member of the Scheduled
Ans. (d) : Lord Irwin was the viceroy of British India Caste Fedration and the Republician Party of India and
from 1926 to 1931. During the tenure of Lord Irwin later the Indian National congress.
events like visit of Simon Commission in India, (1927), Rajaram Ramji Bhole was an Indian politican and
Purna Swaraj Resolution at Lahore session (1929) and follower of Dr. Amberdkar became a member of The
Dandi March (1930) took place. Indian National Congress.
18. Consider the following statements: Bapusaheb Rajbhoj was not a follower of Dr.
1. James Mill was highly critical of Indian Ambedkar, he became a member of The Congress Party
religion and culture. and was nominated to the Rajya Sabha by the then
Congress government.
2. William Bentinck announced in 1835, that
persian would be abolished as the court 20. Consider the following events and arrange them
language and was substituted by English. in chronological order.
3. Wood's Despatch led to the establishment of I. The foundation of Gadar Party
university at Calcutta, Bombay and Delhi. II. Chittagaon Armoury Raid
How many of the statement is given above are III. Set up of the ‘Indian Independence
Committee’ at Berlin
correct?
IV. Central Assembly Bomb Case
(a) Only one statement is correct.
Select the correct answer from the code given
(b) Only two statements are correct. below:
(c) All three statement are correct. Code:
(d) None of the statement is correct. (a) III, I, IV and II (b) I, III, IV and II
(e) Question not attempted (c) I, III, II and IV (d) III, I, II and IV
Haryana PSC (Pre) 2023 UPPCS Pre 2022
History of Modern India 341 YCT
 Ans. (b): The Ghadar Party, initially named as the Ans. (c) The correct chronological order of events is as-
Pacific Coast Hindustan Association was formed on 15 Simon Commission (1927), Nehru Report (1928),
July 1913 in the United States under the leadership of Poona Pact (1932), Cripps Mission (1942).
Lala Har Dayal, Sant Baba Wasakha Singh Dadehar,
24. Ambabai, a woman freedom fighter, belonged
Baba Jawala Singh, Santokh Singh and Sohan Singh
to which of the following States of India?
Bhakna as its president.
(a) Kerala
Indian Independence Committee was an
organisation formed in Germany in 1914 during World (b) Andhra Pradesh
War I by Indian students and political activists residing (c) Karnataka
in the country. Virendranath Chattopadhyaya, (d) Madhya Pradesh
Chempakaraman Pillai, Dr Jnanendra Das Gupta, and 69th BPSC (Pre) 2023
Abinash Bhattacharya were members of this committee.
Ans. (c) : Ambabai was a woman freedom fighter, who
Bhagat Singh and B.K. Dutt threw a bomb in the
belonged to state of Karnataka.
Central Legislative Assembly on 8 April 1929. The
objective was to get arrested and to use the trial court as 25. Consider the following events during India’s
a forum for propaganda so that people would become Freedom Struggle :
familiar with their movement and ideology. Bhagat 1. Home Rule Movement
Singh and B.K. Dutt were tried in the Assembly Bomb 2. Surat Split
Case on May 7, 1929, in Delhi.
3. Kheda Satyagraha
Chittagong armoury raid was attempted on 18 April
4. Minto-Morley Reforms
1930. It was an attempt to loot the armoury of police
and auxiliary forces of the Chittagong armoury in the Which of the following is the correct
Bengal Presidency of British India by armed Indian chronological order of the events given above?
independence fighters led by Surya Sen. (a) 1–3–2–4 (b) 2–4–1–3
21. Who was the Architect of Mumbai's ‘Gateway (c) 1–4–2–3 (d) 2–3–1–4
of India’? 69th BPSC (Pre) 2023
(a) Edward Lutyens Ans. (b) : The correct chronological order of freedom
(b) Herbert Baker struggle is as -
(c) George Wittet Surat Split (1907), Minto-Morley Re Form (1909),
(d) Sir William Emerson Home rule movement (1916) and Kheda Satyagraha
(1918).
UPPSC APO 2022
26. Match List-I with List-II :
Ans.(c): The Gateway of India was designed by the
British architect, George Wittet. List-I (Explorer) List-II (Birthplace)
22. In 1944, the Government of India setup a A. Christopher 1. Portugal
planning department under the Chairmanship Columbus
of
B. Jacques Cartier 2. United
(a) S.N. Agarwal (b) M.N. Roy Kingdom
(c) Dr. John Mathai (d) Sir Ardesir Dalal
(e) Answer not known C. Sir Francis Drake 3. Italy
TNPSC (Pre) 2022 D. Ferdinand Magellan 4. France
Ans. (d) In 1944, the government of India set up a Select the correct answer using the codes given
planning department under the chairmanship of Sir below.
Ardesir Dalal.
(a) a b c d
23. Arrange in chronological order
3 4 2 1
1. Nehru Report
(b) a b c d
2. Poona Pact
1 2 4 3
3. Simon commission
4. Cripps Mission (c) a b c d
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) 3, 2, 4, 1 3 4 1 2
(c) 3, 1, 2, 4 (d) 2, 1, 4, 3 (d) a b c d
(e) Answer not known 1 4 2 3
TNPSC (Pre) 2022 69th BPSC (Pre) 2023
History of Modern India 342 YCT
Ans. (a): The correct match is as follows :- (a) iv ii i iii
List-I List-II (b) ii i iii iv
(c) iii ii iv i
(Explorer) (Birthplace)
(d) i iv ii iii
Christopher Columbus – Italy
Tripura PSC (Pre) 2022
Jacques Cartier – France
Ans. (c) : The correct chronological order of given events
Sir Francist Drake – United Kingdom as -
Fredinand Magellan – Portugal Partition of Bengal (1905), Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
27. Consider the statements regarding the (1919), Demand for Purna Swaraj (1929) and Dandi
nationalist Romesh Chunder Dutt. March (1930).
(1) He translated Ramayana and Mahabharata. 30. Which of the following decision was taken by
Sabarmati treaty?
(2) He was president of the Indian National
(a) A competitive co-operative party should be
Congress. established.
(3) He qualified the ICS. (b) Students should not be involved in politics.
(4) He was president of the Bangiya (c) There should be ho discrimination among
Sahitya Parishad. lower caste workers and a team of 50
volunteers should be formed and Hindu
Which of the following statements are
Muslim unity should be maintained.
correct?
(d) A committee of Motilal Nehru and Jayakar to
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4
determine the members of the Central
(c) Only 2 and 3 (d) All are correct Legislature.
Odisha PSC (Pre) 2023 MH PSC (Pre) 2023
Ans. (d) : Romesh Chunder Dutt was an Indian Civil Ans. (d) : In Sabarmati Pact, 1926, A committee under
Servant, economic historian. He translated Ramayana Motilal Nehru and Jayakar formed to determined the
and Mahabharta. He was also first president of Bangiya members of the Central Legislature.
Sahitya Parishad is a literary society of Kolkata, West
31. Arrange the following events in the correct
Bengal, which aims to promote Bengali literature.
order.
He also became President of Indian National Congress
i. White paper (1939)
in 1899. Hence, all statements are correct.
ii. Poona pact (1932)
28. "This diamond of India, this jewel of iii. Nehru report (1928)
Maharshtra, this prince of workers…….. .
iv. Dharasana Satyagraha (1930)
Look at him and try to emulate him," Who
(a) iv, ii, iii, i (b) iv, i, ii, iii
made this remark about Gopal Krishna
Gokhale? (c) iii, iv, ii, i (d) ii, iii, iv, i
MH PSC (Pre) 2023
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Ans. (c) : Poona Pact was sealed between Mahatma
(b) G.V. Joshi
Gandhi and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar in the Yerwada Central
(c) B.R. Nanda Jail on 24 September, 1932 Sarojani Naidu Let the
(d) Mahatma Gandhi Satyagraha at Dharasana in Gujarat on 21 May, 1930.
TSPSC (Pre) 2023 Nehru report submitted at the Lucknow session of the
all party conference on August 28, 1928. While in
Ans. (a) : Bal Gangadhar Tilak praised Gopal Krishna march 1923, the British Government come out with the
Gokhale during the funeral of Gokhale as the Diamond white paper containing the proposals based on the
of India, the Jewel of Maharashtra and the prince of proposal, the Government of India Act 1935 was
workers. enacted.
29. Arrange the following events in a chronological 32. Which of the following events was the last in
order chronological order?
i. Dandi March (a) Home Rule Movement
(b) Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
ii. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
(c) Khilafat Movement
iii. Partition of Bengal
(d) Moplah Revolt
iv. Demand for Purna Swaraj
UPPCS (Pre) 2023
History of Modern India 343 YCT
Ans. (d): The correct chronological order is as - 35. The following was the major confrontation that
Home Rule Movement – 1916 brought the United states and the Soviet Union
close to war:
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre – 1919
(a) Suez Canal Crisis
Khilafat Movement – 1920 (August 31, 1920)
(b) Angolan Civil War
Moplah Revolt – July 1921
(c) Congo Crisis
33. Choose the correct chronological order of the (d) Cuban Missile Crisis
following events :
TSPSC (Pre) 2023
(A) Rowlatt Satyagraha
Ans. (d): The Cuban Missile Crisis was the major
(B) Transfer of British India capital from confrontation that brought the United States and the
Calcutta to Delhi Soviet Union close to war. The Cuban Missile Crisis of
(C) Civil Disobedience Movement October 1962 was a direct and dangerous confrontation
between the United States and the Soviet Union during
(D) Publication of Hind Swaraj
the cold war and was the moment when the two
(a) (D) (A) (B) (C) superpowers came closest to nuclear conflict.
(b) (D) (B) (A) (C)
36. Operation London Bridge is the
(c) (B) (D) (A) (C) (a) Funeral Plan for Queen Elizabeth II
(d) (B) (A) (C) (D) (b) Process of selecting the Prime Minister of UK
Manipur PSC (Pre) 2023 (c) Joint Military exercises of NATO countries
(d) Evacuations due to Russia-Ukraine War
Ans. (b) : The correct chronological order of the events-
(e) Answer not known
(D) Publication of Hind Swaraj — 1909
TNPSC (Pre) 2022
(B) Transfer of British India capital from Calcutta to
Ans. (a): Operation London Bridge is the Funeral Plan
Delhi — 1911 for Queen Elizabeth II. The plan was created as early as
(A) Rowlatt Satyagraha — 1919 the 1960 and revised many times in the years before her
(C) Civil Disobedience Movement — 1930 death in September 2022. The plan that outlines the
process between the death of the queen and her funeral
Thus, options (b) is correct answer. was codenamed operation London Bridge.
34. Consider the following events 37. ______ was the contemporary of Emperor
(A) Communal Award Akbar in England.
(a) King John
(B) The Nehru Report
(b) Queen Elizabeth-I (c) Queen Victoria
(C) Quit India Movement
(d) King Charles II (e) Answer not known
(D) Two Nations Theory
TNPSC (Pre) 2022
Choose the correct chronological order from
Ans. (b): Elizabeth-I (r.1558-1603) was the last Tudor
the codes given below :
monarch and a contemporary of the Mughal emperor
(a) (B), (D), (A), (C) Akbar (r. 1556-1605). On 31 December 1600, a group
(b) (B), (A), (D), (C) of merchants who had incorporated themselves into the
East India company was given monopoly privileges on
(c) (A), (D), (C), (B) all trade with the East Indies.
(d) (D), (C), (D), (A) The company's ships first arrived in India, at the port of
Manipur PSC (Pre) 2023 Surat, in 1608.
Ans. (b) : The correct chronological order of the events- 38. To whom Lord Mountbatten called One-Man
Boundary Force'?
(B) The Nehru Report - 1928 (a) Mahatma Gandhi
(A) Communal Award - 1932 (b) Dr, B.R. Ambedkar
(D) Two Nations Theory - 1940 (c) Vallabh Bhai Patel
(C) Quit India Movement - 1942 (d) Jawaharlaa Nehru
Thus, option (b) is the correct answer. UPPSC (J) 2023
History of Modern India 344 YCT
Ans. (a): Lord Mountbatten hailed Gandhi Ji as one- 42. In 1940, Vinoba Bhave started individuall
man Boundary Force. Louis Mountbatten was a British Satyagraha from
Royal Navy officer and statesman. He was also the first (a) Nadiad in Kheda district, Gujarat
Governor-general of Independent India. (b) Pavnar, Mahrashtra
Note- (c) Punnapra-Vayalar, Kerala
• Mountbatten served as the first Governor-General of (d) More than one of the above
free India until June 1948. (e) None of the above
• Mountbatten was the last viceroy of India (1947) 68th BPSC 2022
39. Which of the following were the members of Ans. (b): In 1940, Vinoba Bhava started individual
State Reorganisation Commission formed by satyagraha from Pavnar, Maharashtra
Indian Government in August, 1953? 43. Arrange the following events in a chronological
(i) Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru order and select the correct answer from the
(ii) Justice Fazal Ali codes given below:
(iii) K.M. Pannikar I. Appointment of Simon commission
(iv) Hridayanath Kunzru II. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
Select the correct answer by using the code III. Mahatma Gandhi’s Dandi March
given below. IV. Death of Ferozshah Mehta
(a) (ii) and (iii) Codes
(b) (ii) and (iv) (a) IV, II, I, III (b) I, II, IV, III
(c) (ii), (iii) and (iv) (c) II, III, IV, I (d) IV, III, II, I
(d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) UPPCS (Pre) 2019
(e) Question not attempt Ans. (a) Death of Ferozshah Mehta– 5 November, 1915
RPSC (Pre) 2023 Jallianwala Bagh Massacre – 13 April, 1919
Ans. (c): The Government of India constituted a three Appointment of Simon Commission – November, 1927
member States Reorganization Commission under the Mahatma Gandhi's Dandi March – 12 March, 1930
chairmanship of Fazal Ali in December, 1953. Its two 44. The Bakasht Movement in Bihar during 1937–
other members were K.M. Panikkar and Hridaynath 1938 was organized by whom?
Kunzru. This commission presented its report in 1955. (a) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
40. The Bhoodan Movement was first started in- (b) Jayaprakash Narayan
(a) Andhra Pradesh (b) Karnataka (c) Swami Sahajanand Saraswati
(c) Tamil Nadu (d) Uttar Pradesh (d) Peer Ali Khan
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006 69th BPSC (Pre) 2023
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2010-11 Ans.(c): The Bakasht Movement in Bihar during 1937-
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013 1938 was organised by Swami Sahajanand Saraswati
against the eviction of tenants from Bakasht lands by
Ans-(a) Vinoba Bhave had established the ‘Sarvodaya Zamindars and led to passing of the Bihar Tenancy Act
Samaj’ to promote the Gandhian ideology. Mahatma and the Bakasht Land tax.
Gandhi declared Vinoba Bhave as his spiritual heir.
The Bhoodan Movement or Land Gift Movement was a 45. He was born in 1817.
voluntary land reform movement in India, started by He was knighted in 1888.
Acharya Vinoba Bhave in 1951 at Pochampalli He founded the Anglo-Oriental College at
in Telangana, then in Andhra Pradesh. Aligarh.
41. In which state was the Bhoodan Movement first He was a member of the Governor General's
started? Executive Council.
(a) In Andhra Pradesh (b) In Karnataka Who was he?
(c) In Tamil Nadu (d) In Uttar Pradesh (a) Badruddin Tyabji
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006 (b) Aga Khan
(c) Syed Ahmed Khan
Uttarakhand PCS (M) 2010-11
(d) Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. IInd 2013
Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
Ans-(a) Kindly refer explanation of the above question.
History of Modern India 345 YCT
 Ans. (c) : Sir Syed Ahmad Taqvi bin Syed Muhammad Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Muttaqi (17 Oct 1817-27 March, 1898) commonly (a) 1 and 4 only (b) 2, 3 and 4 only
known as Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was an Indian Muslim (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 4 only
Pragmatist, Islamic Reformer, Philosopher and
Mizoram PSC (Pre) 2023
Educationalist in 19th century British India. He founded
the Anglo Oriental College at Aligarh and he became a Ans. (a) : The Consequences of World War-1 for India
member of the Governor-General Executive council. He and the Indian national movement included huge
received a knighthood in 1888 for his loyalty. He increase in detence expenditure funded by war loans
and rising taxes customs duties were increase to import
wanted to reconcile western scientific education with
cost by British products in India. The Rowlatt Act was
the teachings of the Quran.
introduced. The Indian industries were rejuvenated as
46. Match List I with List II demand for industrial goods during the WW-1
List-I List-II increased.
(Important Battles/War) (Year) 48. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer from the codes given below the lists:
List-I List-II
(A) Battle Machhiwara (i) 1532
A. Treaty of Allahabad 1. 1782
B. Treaty of Mangalore 2. 1784
C. Treaty of Salbai 3. 1769
(B) Battle of Bilgram (ii) 1565
D. Treaty of Madras 4. 1765
(C) Battle of Rakshasi- (iii) 1555 Codes:
Tangadi A B C D
(D) Battle of Dohariya (iv) 1540 (a) 4 2 3 1
(b) 2 4 3 1
Choose the correct answer from the options (c) 4 2 1 3
given below: (d) 2 4 1 3
(A) (B) (C) (D) UPPCS (Pre) 2019
(a) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii) Ans. (c) The Treaty of Allahabad was signed on August
(b) (i) (iv) (ii) (iii) 16, 1765, between the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam-II
(c) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii) and Robert Clive.
(d) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i) The Treaty of Mangalore was signed between Tipu Sultan
and British East India Company on 11 March, 1784.
Himachal PSC (Pre) 2023
The Treaty of Salbai was signed on 17 May, 1782 by
Ans. (b) : The correct match is as follows :-
representatives of the Maratha Empire and the British
Battle - Year East India Company.
Battle of Machhiwara - 1532 The Treaty of Madras was a peace agreement signed on
Battle of Bilgram - 1540 4 April, 1769 between Mysore and the British East
India Company.
Battle of Rakshasi-Tangadi - 1565
49. Which of the following pairs are correctly
Battle of Dohariya - 1555
matched?
47. The consequences of World War I for India List I (Period) List II (Wars)
and the Indian national movement included: 1. 1767-69 AD First Anglo-Maratha War
1. Huge increase in defence expenditure funded 2. 1790-92 AD Third Anglo-Mysore War
by war loans and rising taxes.
3. 1824-26 AD First Anglo-Burmese War
2. Customs duties were lowered to zero to import
4. 1845-46 AD Second Anglo-Sikh War
cheap British products in India
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
3. The Rowlatt Act was repealed.
(a) 2 and 4 (b) 3 and 4
4. The Indian industries were rejuvenated as
demand for industrial goods during the WW-I (c) 1 and 2 (d) 2 and 3
increased. IAS (Pre) G.S. 2004
History of Modern India 346 YCT
Ans-(d) The First Anglo-Maratha War (1775-82 AD) Second Anglo- 1803-05 Treaty of Bassein,
was the first among the three Anglo-Maratha wars Maratha war Treaty of Surji
fought between the British and Maratha empire in India. Anjangaon, Treaty
The war began with the Treaty of Surat (1775 AD) and of Deogaon and
ended with the Treaty of Salbai (1782 AD).
lastly treaty of
The Third Anglo-Mysore War was fought during
Rajghat
1790-92 AD between the British and Tipu Sultan and
ended with the Treaty of Srirangapatanam. Second Anglo- 1878-80 Treaty of
The Anglo-Burmese War (1824-26 AD) was Afghan war Gandamak.
the first in the series of wars that were fought between
British India and Burma. The prolonged war ended with 51. Match List I with List II
a decisive victory of the British and the famous “Treaty List-I List-II
of Yandabo”(1826 AD) was signed.
(Important wars) (End with Treaty)
The Second Anglo-Sikh War (1848-49 AD) was
fought between the Sikh empire and the British East
India Company. The Battle at Ramnagar was indecisive (A) First Carnatic (i) Treaty of
whereas the Sikhs won at Chilianwala. The final battle
War Madras
was fought at Gujarat near river Chenab (not the present
Indian state Gujarat) in 1849 AD. It was won by the
British forces. Punjab was annexed by the British in
(B) Third Carnatic (ii) Treaty of
March 1849 AD (under Lord Dalhousie) under the
‘Treaty of Lahore’. The eleven year-old Maharaja, War Mangalore
Duleep Singh was pensioned off to England.
50. Match list-I with list-II and select the correct
(C) First Anglo- (iii) Treaty of
answer using the code given below-
Mysore War Paris
List-I List-II
(War) (Years)
A. Second Anglo- 1. 1803 - 05 A. D. (D) Second Anglo- (iv) Treaty of
Mysore War Mysore War Aix-la-
B. Second Anglo-French 2. 1780 - 84 A. D. Chapelle
War
C. Second Anglo- 3. 1878 - 80 A.D.
Choose the correct answer from the options
Maratha War
given below:
D. Second Anglo- 4. 1750 - 54 A.D.
Afghan War (A) (B) (C) (D)
(a) (iii) (i) (ii) (iv)
Codes:
A B C D (b) (iv) (ii) (i) (iii)
(a) 2 4 1 3 (c) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
(b) 3 2 4 1 (d) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(c) 1 3 2 4
(d) 4 2 3 1 Himachal PSC (Pre) 2023
UPPSC RO /ARO( PRE) 2021 Ans. (c) : The correct match is as follows-
Ans. (a) :
(Important wars) (End with Treaty)
War Timeline Result/Winner
Second Anglo- 1780-1784 War ended with
Mysore War treaty of First Carnatic War - Treaty of Aix-la-
Mangalore in 1784 Chapelle
Second Anglo- 1749-1754 War concluded Third Carnatic War - Treaty of Paris
French War with treaty of
Pondicherry in First Anglo-Mysore War - Treaty of Madras
1754. British gain Second Anglo-Mysore War - Treaty of
dominance over
carnatic region.
Mangalore

History of Modern India 347 YCT

52. Who successfully led the Bardoli Satyagraha? III. Battle of Shakarkherda
(a) Motilal Nehru IV. Battle of Bedara
(b) J.B. Kripalani Select the correct answer from the code given
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru below:
(d) Vallabhbhai Patel Code:
(e) None of the above/More than one of the A B C D
above (a) II III IV I
67th BPSC (Re-exam) 2021 (b) III IV II I
Ans. (d) : Bardoli Satyagraha, 1928 was a movement in (c) IV III II I
the Independence Struggle led by Sardar Vallabhbhai (d) I II III IV
Patel. It was an attempt to make a peaceful protest by UPPSC (Pre) 2022
the peasants of India, against the Britishers.
Ans. (b):
53. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
Battle of Sakhar Kherda 11 October 1724
answer from the code given below the lists.
Battle of Bedara (Chinsurah) 25 November 1759
List-I List-II
Battle of Porto Novo 1 July 1781
(Trade Unions) (Party Affiliation)
Battle of Mudki 18 December 1845
A. Bhartiya Majdoor 1. Indian National
Sangh Congress 55. Arrange the following events in a chronological
B. Indian National 2. Communist Party of order and select correct answer from the codes
Trade Union India given below:
Congress I. Poona Pact
C. United Trade 3. Communist Party of II. Gandhi-Irwin Agreement
Union Congress India (Marxist) III. Cripps Mission
D. All India Trade 4. Bhartiya Janta Party IV. Civil Disobedience Movement
Union Congress Codes:
Code: (a) IV, II, III, I (b) II, IV, I, III
A B C D (c) IV, II, I, III (d) III, I, IV, II
(a) 2 4 3 1 UPPCS (Pre) 2019
(b) 3 2 1 4 Ans. (c) The chronology of events is as follows–
(c) 1 3 2 4 Civil Disobedience Movement was a mass movement
(d) 4 1 3 2 organized by the Indian National Congress against
th
UPPSC (Pre) 2022 British Imperialism on 12 March, 1930.
Ans. (d): Trade union Party affiliation Gandhi Erwin pact was signed by the name of Delhi
Bhartiya Majdoor - Bhartiya Janta Party Pact in March 1931. The Poona Pact Agreement was
signed in September 1932. The Cripps Mission arrived
Sangh
in India in March 1942 under the leadership of Sir
Indian National Trade - Indian National Congress Stafford Cripps, a member of parliament to resolve
Union Congress political deadlock in India.
United Trade Union - Communist Party of India 56. Which of the following is NOT correctly
Congress (Marxist) matched?
All India Trade Union - Communist Party of India (Event) (Year)
Congress (a) Indian Navy Act 1927
54. Consider the following events and arrange them (b) Civil Disobedience Movement 1930
in chronological order. (c) Second Round Table Conference 1931
I. Battle of Mudki (d) The Communal Award 1933
II. Battle of Porto Novo UPPCS (Pre) 2019

History of Modern India 348 YCT

Ans. (d) Ans-(d) In the late 19th century the East India Company
Event Year became worried about Russia. It anticipated that Russia
might expand across Asia and enter India from the
Indian Navy Act – 1927
north-west. Driven by this fear, the British now wanted
Civil Disobedience Movement – 1930 to secure their control over the north-west. Hence they
Second Round Table Conference – 1931 fought a prolonged war with Afghanistan between 1838
The Communal Award – 1932 AD and 1842 AD and established Company’s indirect
57. Fill in the blanks- rule there. Sind was taken over in 1843 AD. Next in line
was Punjab. But the presence of Maharaja Ranjit Singh
The Nehru Report was drafted by a committee
held back the Company. After his death in 1839, two
headed by _______________ and the subject was
prolonged wars were fought with the Sikh kingdom.
_____________
Ultimately, in 1849 Punjab was annexed. The fear of
(a) Motilal Nehru and Jawaharlal Nehru : India’s Russian expansion during 19th century was the base of
relationship with the British Empire Anglo-Afghan war.
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru : Local Self-Government in 60. Who was the signatory for East India Company
India in the Treaty of Sugauli?
(c) Motilal Nehru : Constitutional arrangements in (a) Major Mclleod
India
(b) Lt. Col. Thompson
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru : Constitutional arrangements
(c) Lt. Col. Paris Bradshaw
in India
(d) Major General David Ochterlony
BPSC (Pre) 2015
Himachal Pradesh PSC (Pre) 2018
Ans. (c) The Motilal Nehru Report 1928 or the Nehru
Report was a report prepared by a committee headed by Ans-(c) Ratified on March 4, 1816 AD, with the 'Treaty
Pt. Motilal Nehru. This committee was created when of Sugauli' the Anglo-Nepal War was concluded. Raj
Lord Birkenhead, Secretary of State of India on Guru Gajaraj Mishra was the Signatory from Nepal side
November 21, 1927 asked the Indian leaders to draft a and Lieutenant Colonel Paris Bradshaw from the British
constitution for the country. The report, which side.
demanded a Dominion Status for India was considered 61. In 1929 at which place Mahatma Gandhi
by the Congress. Jawaharlal Nehru was secretary of the completed his translation of Anasakti Yoga?
committee and Ali Imam, Tej Bahadur Sapru, M.S. (a) Kausani (b) Almora
Aney, Mangal Singh, Shuaib Qureshi, Subhas Chandra (c) Nainital (d) Ranikhet
Bose and G. R. Pradhan were it’s members. This report UKPSC Pre-2022
was presented in August, 1928.
Ans. (a): Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation,
58. The 'Deepavali Declaration' issued in the year completed the translation of Anasakti Yoga in 14 days
1929 was related to the in Kausani's Lal Bungalow in 1929. The Red Bungalow
(a) Communal problem of that time is now known as Anasakti Ashram. Kausani
(b) Dominion status is a village in the Bageshwar district of Uttarakhand
(c) Labour leaders State, India.
(d) Untouchability 62. The Jotedars, who were most powerful in
North Bengal, belong to which group of
UPPCS (Pre) Re-Exam G.S. 2015
people?
Ans-(b) The ‘Deepavali Declaration’ issued in the year
(a) Land owners (b) Feudal Lords
1929 was related to the issue of dominion status to
India. (c) Rich peasants (d) Money Lender
59. The Anglo-Afghan relations in the 19th century Mizoram PSC-2021
was influenced by the fear of expansion towards Ans. (c): Jotedars were a group of rich peasants. At the
India of- beginning of the nineteenth century, they had acquired
(a) Afghanistan (b) France vast areas of land. A large part of their land was
cultivated by sharecroppers who brought their own
(c) Iran (d) Russia
ploughs, worked in the field, and handed over half the
UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004 produce to the Jotedars after the harvest.

History of Modern India 349 YCT

63. Firangi, a term of Persian origin, often used in 67. Which freedom fighter earned the sobriquet
a derogatory sense was used to designate- the Nightingale of India ?
(a) Lower castes (b) Half breed (a) Annie Besant
(c) Foreigners (d) Traders (b) Pushpalata Das
Mizoram PSC-2021 (c) Sarojini Naidu
Ans. (c): Firangi is a term used to refer to foreigners, (d) Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
especially the British during colonial times. Assam PSC (CCE) Pre-2021
64. Which freedom fighter went to Pondicherry in Ans. (c): Sarojini Naidu is known as the Nightingale of
1910 to pursue his spiritual goals and remained India‘. Sarojini Naidu was an Indian Political activist
there until his death, founding a famous and poet. A Proponent of civil rights, Women’s
Ashram? emancipation and anti- Imperialistic ideas, she was an
(a) Aurobindo Ghosh important figure in India’s struggle for independence
from colonial rule.
(b) Ram Krishna Ghosh
(c) Mamata Ghosh 68. Who was the ruler of Kashmir at the time of
India’s independence?
(d) Lalitha Ghosh
(a) Farooq Abdullah
J & K PSC 2021 Paper-(I)
(b) Sheikh Abdullah
Ans. (a): Aurobindo Ghosh went to Pondicherry in
(c) Karan Singh
1910 to pursue his spiritual goals and remained there
until his death. He developed a kind of yoga called (d) Hari Singh
integral yoga. He believed that human beings can Assam PSC (CCE) Pre-2021
evolve further into something truly divine. Sri Ans. (d): Raja Hari Singh was the ruler of Kashmir at
Aurobindo passed away on 5 December 1950 in the time of India’s independence.
Pondicherry.
69. Identify the national leader and efficient
65. Who is the author of the book "Death in administrator who played an extraordinary
Banaras"? role in the integration of the Indian States.
(a) Meena Kaushik (b) Jonathon Parry (a) Chakravarti Rajagopalachari
(c) B.D. Tripathi (d) Ron Barrett (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
UPPSC RO-ARO Mains Pre-2021 (c) Rajendra Prasad
Ans. (b) : The author of “Death in Banaras” is Jonathan (d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Parry. His other books are “The Politics of Patriotism” Assam PSC (CCE) Pre-2021
and “Classes of Labour” etc.
Ans. (d): Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was an indomitable
66. The concepts of ‘Integral Humanism’ and man who integrated 562 princely states with the union
‘Antyodaya’ were associated with which of the of India and prevented the Balkanization of the newly
following visionary thinkers of India? independent country.
(a) Shyama Prasad Mukherjee
70. When was Patna Lawn renamed Gandhi Maidan?
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(a) During Quit India Movement
(c) Deendayal Upadhyaya
(b) During Anti-Simon Commission Rally
(d) Atal Bihari Vajpayee (c) During Champaran Satyagraha
Assam PSC (CCE) Pre-2021 (d) On the eve of independence
Ans. (c): Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya was born in (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
1916 in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. Pandit Deendayal
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
Upadhyaya defined Integral Humanism as a classless,
Casteless and conflict free social order. Ans-(d) During the British period, it was known as
Patna Lawn. Between 1824 and 1833, it used to be a
• ‘Antyodaya’ means ‘rise of the last Person’.Pandit
golf course and later horse racing also started here. It
Deendayal Upadhyaya stressed on ‘Antyodaya’ to rid
was the nerve center of the various Movements,
the nation of extreme poverty.
including the Quit India movement during the days of
History of Modern India 350 YCT
independence movements. Almost all the top leaders of Code:
that time had addressed people at this maidan. The (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
national leaders used to do rallies from this ground. (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Mahatma Gandhi frequently visited the maidan for
UPPSC RO / ARO( PRE) 2021
rallies and evening prayer. After Independence, Jai
Prakash Narayan launched his massive movement fromAns. (c) : Government of India Act 1919 provided for
the formation of Public Service Commission for India.
this ground. Even today, when the political parties want
A Royal Commission was set up under chairmanship of
to showcase their power, they organize their massive
Lord Lee of Fareham by British Government in 1923. It
rallies here only. The lawn was named after father of
the nation, Mahatma Gandhi after independence. submitted its report in 1924 and in 1926 first public
service commission (on 1 october, 1926) under the
71. Consider the following events and arrange chairmanship of Sir Ross Barken came into existence.
them is chronological order: Act of 1919 also provided for ICS examination to be
I. Establishment of ‘Gadar Party’ by Lala held in India. First ICS examination in India was held in
Hardayal. Allahabad in 1922. In 1941 the percentage of Indians in
II. Establishment of ‘Servants of India civil services was more than that of Britishers.
Society’ by Gopal Krishna Gokhale. 73. Given above are two statements, one labelled as
III. Publication of Hicky’s ‘Bengal Gazette’. Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R)-
IV. Establishment of ‘Bengal Asiatic Society’ Assertion (A): Rabindranath Tagore renounced
by Sir William Jones. Knighthood.
Select the correct answer using the code given Reason (R): He wanted to participate in the Non-
below Cooperation Movement.
Code Choose the correct answer from the code given
(a) II, I, III and IV (b) III, IV, II and I below
Code:
(c) IV, III, I and II (d) III, IV, I and II
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
UPPSC RO /ARO( PRE) 2021
correct explanation
Ans. (b) : James Augustus Hicky published ‘Bengal
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the
Gazette’ in English language between 1780 and 1782, it
correct explanation of (A)
was the first news paper published in Asia.
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false
• ‘‘Bengal Asiatic Society’’ was a scholarly society
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true
founded on 15 January, 1784, by Sir William Jones in
UPPSC RO /ARO( PRE) 2021
Kolkata.
• ‘‘Gopal Krishna Gokhale’’ was the founder of Ans. (c) : Rabindranath Tagore renounced Knighthood
in opposition of Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919.
‘‘Servants of India Society’’. It was formed in Pune,
Hence, only assertion is true while reason is wrong.
Maharashtra, on June 12, 1905.
th
• Gadar Party was founded by Lala Hardayal in 1913 74. In the second half of 18 century, who was often
called the local representative of "Aura and
in San Francisco, USA.
Authority of Company Bahadur"?
72. With reference to Indian Civil Services, which
(a)Kotwal (b) Daroga
of the following statements/s is/are correct?
(c)Amala (d) Landlord (Jamindar)
1. Government of India Act, 1919 provided
UPPSC RO /ARO( PRE) 2021
for a separate examination for the Indian
th
Civil Service, which was to be held in Ans. (b): In 18 CE, 'Daroga' was aften called the local
India. representative of ‘‘Aura and Authority of company
Bahadur’’. Cornwallis reformed police system and
2. In the Indian Civil Service in 1941, the
appointed Daroga and police officers in every area for
percentage of Indians was more as
administrative improvement. As a result of his reforms
compared to the Europeans.
Police authority of Zamindars was ended and authority
Select the correct answer using the code given of district administration came under district magistrate.
below:
History of Modern India 351 YCT
75. Consider the following events and arrange 2. Nehru Report- It was published in 1928 by a
them in Chronological order- Committee headed by Pt. Motilal Nehru.
I. Assassination of Curzon Wyllie 3. Simon Commission- Simon Commission, a group
II. Execution of Khudiram Bose appointed in November 1927 by the then British
III. Starting of 'Kesari' newspaper by Bal Conservative government under Stanley Baldwin to
Gangadhar Tilak report on the working of the Indian constitution
IV. Starting of 'Al Hilal' newspaper by Abul established by the Government of India Act of
Kalam Azad 1919.
Select the correct answer using the code given 4. Dandi March- The 24-day Dandi march from
below: March 12 to April 5, 1930, was a tax resistance
(a) III, II, I and IV (b) II, I, III and IV campaign against the British salt monopoly.
(c) I, III, IV and II (d) III, IV, II and I
78. Who used to say? "I want to be Gokhale of
UPPSC RO /ARO( PRE) 2021 Muslims”:
Ans. (a) : 'Kesari' newspaper was started by Bal (a) Maulana Mohammad Ali
Gangadhar Tilak in 4 January, 1881.
(b) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
• Khudiram Bose was excuted on 11 August, 1908 in
(c) Sir Saiyyad Ahmad Khan
Muzzaffarpur conspiracy case.
• Curzon Wyllie was assassinated by Madan Lal (d) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan
Dhingra on 1 July, 1909. UK RO-ARO (Pre.) 2021
• Al Hilal newspaper was started in 1912 by Abul Ans. (b): Mohammad Ali Jinnah used to say "I want to
Kalam Azad. be Gokhale of Muslims".
76. What was the total percentage of Central revenue 79. Arrange the following events of History of
spent on Military force in British India? Modern India in chronological order:
(a) 40% (b) 45%
A. Swadeshi Movement
(c) 50% (d) 55%
B. Lucknow Pact
UPPSC RO /ARO( PRE) 2021
C. Morley-Minto reforms
Ans. (a): 40% revenue of British India was spent on
military, and its total burden was on India. Indian D. Foundation of All India Muslim leagues
nationalist opposed this British policy of huge military Select the correct code from the following:
expenditure. (a) D-C-B-A (b) D-A-C-B
Note: In some books this percentage may vary but
(c) A-C-D-B (d) A-B-C-D
commission in his answer key considered (A) as correct
option. 7th JPSC (Pre) 2021
77. Consider the following events and arrange Ans. (*) : Swadeshi movement – 7 August, 1905
them into chronological order: Lucknow Pact – December, 1916
I. Sharda Act Morley-Minto Reforms – 12 March, 1909
II. Nehru Report Establishment of All India – 30 December, 1906
III. Constitution of Simon Commission Muslim League
IV. Dandi March Note -: None of the options in the question is correct.
Select the correct answer using the codes given Jharkhand Public Service Commission has removed this
below. question.
Codes.
80. What is true for Planning in India?
(a) III, II, I and IV (b) I, II, III and IV
1. In August 1937, the Congress Working
(c) IV, III, II and I (d) I, IV, II and III
Committee at its meeting in Wardha
UPPCS (pre.) 2021 adopted a resolution of national
Ans. (a): reconstruction and social planning.
1. Sharda Act - The Child Marriage Restraint Act 2. Subhash Chandra Bose, in his presidential
also known as Sharda Act was a Legislative Act speech at Haripura declared that the
passed on 28th September, 1929. The Act fixed the national state on the advice of planning
marriageable age for girls at 14 years and boys at 18 commission would adopt a comprehensive
years. scheme.
History of Modern India 352 YCT
 3. Modi Government renamed 'Planning (a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Commission' as 'Niti Aayog'. (b) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
4. Subhas Chandra Bose announced the (c) Jawaharlal Nehru
formation of a National Planning (d) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
Committee with Jawaharlal Nehru as (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
Chairman in 1938. 66th BPSC re exam 2020 (pre)
(a) Only 3 is true (b) All are true Ans. (e) : The given statement i.e. "so long as this third
(c) 1 and 3 are true (d) 3 and are true power (England) is here, our communal differences is
7th JPSC (Pre)2021 here." was given by Mahatma Gandhi.
Ans. (b) : The 51st session of the Indian National 83. In 1885, the Finance Member of Government
of India was
Congress was held in the year 1938 at Haripura village
in Surat. Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose presided over this (a) Auckland Colvin
session. (b) James S. Meston
In his presidential address to the Haripura session, Bose (c) Alfred C. Lyall
said that through the ‘Planning Commission’ more (d) Antony P. Macdonnel
states would accept comprehensive policies. In 1938 UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I
Formation of National Planning Committee, under the Ans. (d) : Antony Patric Macdonnel was the finance
chairmanship of Jawaharlal Nehru was also announced
member of Government of India in 1885.
to be set up. It is noteworthy that proposal for national
reconstruction and social planning was accepted by the 84. When was the Punjab Land Alienation Act
Congress Working Committee in the Wardha Meeting passed?
in August 1937. The Planning Commission was (a) 1775 (b) 1875
constituted on 15th March, 1950 on the recommendation (c) 1879 (d) 1900
of the K.C. Niyogi Committee as a non-constitutional, UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I
advisory body. On 1st January, 2015 the Modi
government established NITI Aayog in place of the Ans. (d) : The Punjab Land Alienation Act was passed
Planning Commission. It is clear that all the statements in 1900 A.D. According to this Act, no land belonging
in question are true. Hence, option (b) will be the to a member of an agricultural tribe shall be sold in
correct answer. execution of any decree or order to any civil or revenue
court whether made before or after the commencement
81. Who among the following was associated as of this act.
Secretary with Hindu Female School which
later came to be known as Bethune Female 85. When was Ravindranath Tagore's 'Jana-Gana-
School? Mana' first sung?
(a) Annie Besant (a) 26 January, 1912
(b) Debendranath Tagore (b) 28 December, 1911
(c) 26 December, 1911
(c) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
(d) 27 December, 1911
(d) Sarojini Naidu
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I
UPSC (IAS) 2021
Ans. (d) : Ravindranath Tagore’s ‘Jana-Gana-Man’ was
Ans. (c): In 1856, the Government took charge of the sung for the first time on 27th December, 1911 AD in
Hindu Female School, later renamed as Bethune Kolkata session of INC. This is the National Anthem of
School. The Managing Committee of the school was India. This is basically written in Bengali for which
then formed and Pandit Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, the Abid Ali translated in Hindi and Urdu. Indian
celebrated social reformer, responsible for the constitutional assembly finally adopted it as a National
th
eradication of the custom of Sati and a relentless Anthem on 24 January, 1950 AD.
supporter of women's emancipation was made the 86. Which one of the following works were NOT
Secretary. authored by B.G. Tilak?
Hence, Option (c) is the correct answer. (a) The Orion
82. 'So Long as this third power, i.e., England is (b) Paradise Found
here, our communal differences is here, our (c) Geeta Rahasya
communal differences would keep on troubling (d) The Arctic Home in the Vedas
us.' Who said this?
UP PSC ACF/RFO (Mains) 2020 Paper I
History of Modern India 353 YCT
Ans. (b) : Some important creations by B.G. Tilak are Ans. (e): ‘Sarfaroshi ki Tamanna’ is an Urdu patriotic
‘The Orion’, ‘The Arctic Home in the Vedas’ and poem writen by Bismil Azimabadi as an ode to young
‘Geeta Rahasya’. While ‘Paradise Found : The Cradle freedom fighters of Indian independence movement on
of the Human Race at the North Pole is written by Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
William Fairfield Warren. Surya Sen is known for leading the 1930 Chitttagong
87. Which of the following pairs is correct? armory raid and Ram Prasad Bismil participated in the
Mainpuri Conspiracy (1918) and Kakori Conspiracy
(a) Vinoba Bhave –Second Individual Satyagrahi
(1925).
(b) C.R. Das –Deshbandhu
90. Swami Sahajananda was related to which of
(c) William Wedderburn –Congress President in the following?
1907
(a) Tribal Movement in Bihar
(d) Shyamji Krishna Verma –Founder of India
(b) Labour Movement in Bihar
House in Paris
(c) Peasant Movement in Bihar
(e) None of the above/More than one of the
(d) Caste Movement in Bihar
above
(e) None of the above/More than one of the
66th BPSC 2020(pre)
above
Ans. (b) : Chittaranjan Das was popularly called as 66th BPSC 2020(pre)
Deshbhandhu. He along with Motilal Nehru formed
Ans. (c) : Swami Sahajanand Saraswati is recognized as
Swaraj Party in 1923. The second individual satyagrahi
one of the principle and significant leaders of peasantry
was Jawaharlal Nehru. India House was founded by
in Bihar. He had established the Bihar Provincial Kisan
Shyam ji Krishna Verma in 1905 in London UK.
Sabha in 1929. He was the first president of All India
88. Which title was given to Jayaprakash Kisan Sabha, which was formed with some congress
Narayan? socialists at the Lucknow session of INC on 11 April
(a) Praja Hitechhu 1936.
(b) Lok Nayak 91. Who from among the following, played an
(c) Lokmanya important role in drafting the Indian
Independence Act, 1947?
(d) Rashtra Nayak
(a) B.P. Menon
(e) None of the above/More than one of the
above (b) K.M. Panikkar
66th BPSC 2020(pre) (c) B.R. Ambedkar
Ans. (b) : Jayaprakash Narayana is the founder and (d) C.P. Ramaswami Iyer
President of Lok Satta Party. He was known as Lok UPPSC ACF-RFO Main I Paper 2019
Nayak. He started the Total Revolution, which is also Ans. (c) : Indian Independence Act, 1947 was passed
known as the JP Movement during time of Indira by the British Parliament on 18th July, 1947. Dr. B.R.
Gandhi in 1974. He formed Praja Socialist Party (PSP) Ambedkar played an important role to draft Indian
in 1952. He was awarded with Bharat Ratna and Padma Independence Act, 1947.
Vibhushan. 92. The battle of Khonoma was fought during:
89. Who is the author of the popular song, (a) 1879-1881 (b) 1879-1880
Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna Ab Hamare Dil Mein (c) 1878-1885 (d) 1879-1882
Hai?
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
(a) Surya Sen
(b) Chandra Shekhar Azad Ans. (b): The battle of Khonoma was fought during
1879-1880.
(c) Sardar Bhagat Singh
The famous battle of Khonoma was fought in 1879,
(d) Ram Prasad Bismil
where British officer, Damant was shot dead by Naga
(e) None of the above/More than one of the villagers on 13th October; later on 22nd November 1879
above a British Officer. Major Cook was shot dead by Naga
th villagers during an assault.
66 BPSC 2020(pre)

History of Modern India 354 YCT

93. Who among the following was the first to offer 97. In which year the National Council of
Satyagraha on the call given by Mahatma Education was established?
Gandhi in 1940? (a) 1905 (b) 1906
(a) J.B. Kripalani (b) Vinoba Bhave
(c) 1907 (d) 1908
(c) C. Rajagopala Chary (d) M.R. Jayaker
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019
Ans. (b): A National Council of Education was set up in
Ans. (b) : On October 17, 1940, Mahatma Gandhi had
chosen Acharya Vinoba Bhave as the first Satyagrahi to 1906. Nationalists regarded the existing system of education
start the Individual Satyagraha. Acharya Vinoba Bhave as inadequate. Therefore, Satish Chandra Mukherjee, the
started the Individual Satyagraha from Pavnar, editor of the Dawn, and other nationalist leaders established
Mahrashtra on 17 October 1940 by making an antiwar National Council of Education in Bengal.
speech. Jawaharlal Nehru was the second person to 98. Who was the founder of Pondicherry?
participate in Individual Satyagrah.
(a) James Martin
94. Who among the following described the Non-
cooperation Movement as a 'State of peaceful (b) Francois Martin
rebellion'? (c) Pedro Alvarez Cabral
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Dom Joao
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru UPPSC ACF-RFO Main I Paper 2019
(c) Subhash Chandra Bose Ans. (b) : The foundation of Pondicherry was laid in
(d) Chittaranjan Das the year 1673 after the French East India Company
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019 successfully obtained farman from the Qiladar of
Ans. (a) : Mahatma Gandhi described the Non- Valikondapurarm under the Sultan of Bijapur for
cooperation movement as a 'State of Peaceful rebellion'. acquiring Pondicherry. On 4th February 1673, a French
The Non-cooperation Movement was launched on 5th Company Official by name Bellanger took up residence
September 1920 by the Indian National Congress under in the Danish Lodge in Pondicherry. In 1674, the
the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. The movement was, French Company placed François Martin as the first
essentially a peaceful and non-violent protest against Governor who initiated the ambitious project to
the British government in India. transform Pondicherry from a small fishing village into
95. Sarvodaya Plan was prepared by : a flourishing port-town. In 1674 the Governor of French
(a) Mahatma Gandhi East India Company, François Martin, set up a trading
(b) Bipin Chandra Pal centre at Pondicherry and this outpost eventually
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji became the main French settlement in India.
(d) Jayaprakash Narayan 99. Consider the following events and arrange them
Nagaland NCS Prelime-2019 in chronological order-
1. Personal Satyagraha
Ans. (d) : In 1950 Jayaprakash Narayan drafted the
Sarvodaya Plan inspired by Gandian ideals to chart a 2. August Offer
future map for India’s development. He dedicated his 3. Dharasana Satyagraha
life to the Sarvodaya Movement to establish true 4. Representative Satyagraha
socialism. Select the correct answer from the codes given
96. In which year the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre below:
had taken place? Code:
(a) 1917 (b) 1918 (a) 3, 1, 2 and 4 (b) 1, 4, 2 and 3
(c) 1919 (d) 1920 (c) 3, 2, 1 and 4 (d) 2, 1, 4 and 3
Ans. (c): Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, also called UPPSC ACF-RFO Main I Paper 2019
massacre of Amritsar was an incident on April 13, 1919
Ans. (*) :
in which British troops fired on a large crowd of
Personal Satyagraha 1940 (October)
unarmed Indians in a open space on the order of Dyer.
Large number of people protested against the arrests of August Offer 1940 (August)
Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew and Dr. Satya Pal. After this Dharasana Satyagraha 1930 (May)
event Rabindranath Tagore renounced the Knighthood. Representative Satyagraha 1927 (December)

History of Modern India 355 YCT

100. Arrange the following events in chronological 103. Match List–I with List–II and select the correct
order- answer from the codes given below the lists :
1. Nand Kumar's case
List-I List-II
2. Regulating Act
3. Rohilla War A. Andrew Frazer 1. Famine
Commission
4. End of first Anglo-Maratha War
Select the correct answer from the codes given B. Antony 2. Irrigation
below MacDonell Commission
Code:
C. Colin Scott 3. Police
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2, 4 and 3 Moncrieff Commission
(c) 3, 4, 1 and 2 (d) 3, 4, 2 and 1
D. Thomas 4. Railway
UPPSC ACF-RFO Main I Paper 2019 Robertson Commission
Ans. (*) :
Codes :
Nand Kumar's case 1775
A B C D
Regulating Act 1773
Rohilla War 1774 (a) 3 1 2 4
End of first Anglo-Maratha War 1782 (b) 3 2 1 4
101. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct (c) 1 3 2 4
answer using the codes given below the lists : (d) 1 3 4 2
List-I List-II UPPSC BEO 2019
A. Indian Arm Act 1. 1876 Ans. (a) : The correct match is as follows -
B. Royal Title Act 2. 1878 Andrew Frazer Police Commission
C. Indian High Court Act 3. 1869 Anthony MacDonell Famine Commission
D. Indian Divorce Act 4. 1861 Colin Scott Moncrieff Irrigation Commission
Thomas Robertson Railway Commission
Codes:
A B C D 104. "I did not think that one could be loyal to the
(a) 2 3 1 4 British Raj and yet serve India honestly, heart
and soul." This statement was made in April
(b) 3 1 2 4
1921 by
(c) 1 2 3 4
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) 2 1 4 3
UP PSC (Pre) 2020 (c) Vallabhbhai Patel (d) Subhas Chandra Bose

Ans. (d) : Correct match is- UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018
Indian Arm Act 1878 Ans. (d) : On April, 1921, Subhash Chandra Bose
Royal Title Act 1876 made this statement to the Secretary of State while
Indian High Court Act 1861 resigning from Indian Civil Services.
Indian Divorce Act 1869 105. Which of the following statement (s) is/are
102. Who of the following was sent as representative correct about the Second Carnatic War?
of labourers by Indian Government in the 1. The siege of Arcot took place in 1751.
Washington Summit of I.L.O. in year 1919? 2. The war took place between British East
(a) V.P. Wadia (b) N.M. Joshi India Company led by Robert Clive and
(c) C.F. Adrews (d) Joseph Baptista Nawab of Arcot.
UPPSC (Pre) 2020 3. The Nawab was supported by the French
Ans. (a) : In 1919, Government of India sent East India Company.
V.P.Wadia as a leader of Indian labours to the 4. Arcot is in Tamil Nadu.
Washington conference of International Labour
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) Only 1, 2 and 3
Organization (ILO). In 1920, All India Trade Union
Congress was established by the hard work of (c) Only 3 (d) Only 1
N.M.Joshi, Lala Lajpat Rai and Joseph Baptista. Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I
History of Modern India 356 YCT
 Ans. (a): The Second Carnatic War which lasted from and Hyderabad etc. Praja Mandal movement (part of
1749 to 1754 was one of the three Carnatic wars that Indian independence movement) was carried out in the
were fought in the middle of the 18th century. Rajasthan in 1930-1947. Their goals were removing
• The Second Carnatic War was fought between the colonial activities, Feudalism and Untouchability.
English and the French who were the old rivals in • Jodhpur is the princely state where Krishna Day was
Europe. observed by Praja Mandals in 1936.
• Dupleix on behalf of the French decided to support 109. ‘Police Action’ against.................... Princely
Muzaffar Jung and Chanda Sahib who were state was titled as Operation Polo.
claiming for the throne of Hyderabad and (a) Jungadh (b) Travancore
Nawabship of Carnatic respectively. (c) Kashmir (d) Hyderabad
• The siege of Arcot (Tamil Nadu) took place at Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I
Arcot, India between forces of the British EastAns. (d): ‘Operation Polo’ was the code name for the
India company led by Robert Clive and forces ofpolice action against the state of Hyderabad in
Nawab of Carnatic, Chanda Sahib. September 1948 by the newly independent Dominion of
India against Hyderabad. It was a military operation in
106. Who abolished the use of Persian as court
which the Indian Armed Forces invaded the Nizam-
language and ordered the use of Vernacular ruled Princely state, annexing it into the India.
Languages?
110. Which of the following statements regarding
(a) William Bentinck (b) Charles Cornwallis the Charter Act of India (1813) are correct?
(c) Warren Hastings (d) None of the above 1. Made provisions for education in British
Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I India.
Ans. (a): Lord William Bentinck was the Governor 2. Christian Missionaries were formally
General from 1828 to 1835 in India. He introduced permitted to propagate Christianity.
many administrative, judicial, social reforms in India. 3. ‘Governor General of Bengal’ was
One of them was abolition of Persian as the Court redesignated as ‘Governor General of
language because it was not easy for the litigants to India’.
fight in this language. So, Bentinck ordered the use of 4. British East India Company became solely
vernacular language in place of Persian. an administrative body.
107. Arrange the following in chronological order: (a) Only 1 and 2 (b) Only 1,2 and 4
1. Establishment of Gujarat Vidyapeeth (c) Only 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1,2,3 and 4
2. Home Rule Movement Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I
3. Shifting of Capital from Calcutta to Delhi Ans. (a): The Charter Act of India (1813) includes a
4. Swadeshi Movement clause asserting the Crown's undoubted sovereignty
(a) 4,3,2,1 (b) 2,1,4,3 over all of the company's territories and required it to
(c) 3,2,1,4 (d) 1,4,2,3 open up India to Christian missionaries.
Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I • The monopoly of EIC was abolished in terms of
Ans. (a): The correct match is as follows - trade with India and Company still enjoyed the
monopoly in terms of tea and trade with China trade
Swadeshi Movement – 1905
for 20 more years.
Shifting of Capital – 1911
• The Charter Act of 1813 brought about an immense
Home Rule Movement – 1916
change in the educational sector. It was the turning point
Gujarat Vidyapeeth – 1920
of the education system in India. It laid the foundation
108. Where among the following was the First for the western education system and culture.
‘Praja Mandal’ set up?
111. .............-an Indian revolutionary couldn’t be
(a) Baroda (b) Bhavnagar
imprisoned in the Kakori Robbery Case.
(c) Rajkot (d) Wadhwan
(a) Chandra Shekhar Azad
Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I
(b) Roshan Singh
Ans. (a): The urban middle class organised themselves
(c) Rajendra Lahiri
into Praja-Parishads or Praja Mandals with nationalistic
ideas emerging in the princely states. Earliest of them (d) Ashfaqullah Khan
was in Baroda in 1917 followed by Kathiawar, Mysore, Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I
History of Modern India 357 YCT
Ans. (a): The Kakori Train Robbery was an armed Select the correct answer using the codes given.
robbery, which took place on 9 August 1925, on a train (a) (2),(4),(3),(1) (b) (4),(2),(3),(1)
in Uttar Pradesh. (c) (3), (2), (1), (4) (d) (4),(3),(1),(2)
• The robbery was planned by Ram Prasad Bismil NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018
and Ashfaqulah Khan. It was executed by Bismil,
Ans. (b): The correct match is as follows -
Khan, Chandrashekhar Azad, Rajendra Lahiri,
Sachindra Bakshi, Kesab Chakravarty, Murari Lal, Pitt's India Act → 1784
Banwari Lal. Ilbert Bill → 1883-84
• Mid-1926 Ashfaqulla Khan and Sachindra Bakshi Rowlatt Act → 1919
were arrested after the conclusion of trial. Gandhi Irwin Pact → 1931
• Chandra Shekhar Azad could not be imprisoned in 115. Delhi Agreement of 1952 was signed between
the Kakori Robbery Case.
(a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad and Mirza Mohammad
112. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) Afzal Beg
correct regarding the All India Trade Union (b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Maulana
Congress (AITUC)? Mohammed Saeed Masoodi
1. It was founded during the Non- (c) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and Sheikh
Cooperation Movement. Mohammed Abdullah
2. Lala Lajpat Rai was its first elected (d) Moulana Abul Kalam Azad and Giradhari Lal
president.
Dogra
3. India National Congress opposed its
formation J&K PSC Pre-2018
(a) Only 1 and 2 (b) Only 2 only Ans. (c): Delhi Agreement of 1952 was signed between
(c) Only 1 and 3 (d) 1. 2 and 3 Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru and Sheikh Mohammed Abdullah.
Gujarat PSC (Pre) 2018 Paper-I Some important features of Delhi Agreement of 1952
Ans. (a): All India Trade Union Congress was formed are :
on 31 October 1920, in Empire Theatre Bombay with 1. Sovereignty in all matters other than those specified
Lala Lajpat Rai as the founding president in which 101 in the Instrument of Accession would reside with
delegates from 64 unions with a membership of the state.
1,40,854 from all over India participated with presence
2. The Union Government agreed that the state would
of political leaders of various shades of opinions such as
have its own flag.
Motilal Nehru, M.A. Jinnah, Annie Besant etc.
3. The state was to have a Prime Minister who would
• In this first conference with Lala Lajpat Rai as president,
head the government instead of a Chief Minister
Diwan Chaman Lal was the general secretary.
and a Sadr-i-Riyasat instead of the governor as head
113. Who was called as Lokahitavadi? of state. The Sadr-i-Riyasat was to be elected by the
(a) G.H. Deshmukh state assembly instead of being a nominee of the
President of India.
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
116. Indicate the correct chronological sequence of
(c) Dayananda Saraswathi
the following events using the codes given
(d) Vinoba Bhave below:
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018 1. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
Ans. (a): Gopal Hari Deshmukh was called as 2. Queen's Proclamation
Lokahitavadi. He was a social reformer and rationalist 3. Gandhi- Irwin Pact
from Maharashtra. He wrote a weekly Prabhakar under 4. Cabinet Mission
the pen name 'Lokahitavadi' on social reform issues. He
Codes:
held the post of judge under the British Raj. He
(a) 2 3 1 4
advocated a reorganization of Indian society on rational
principles and modern values. (b) 2 1 3 4
114. Arrange by correct sequence: (c) 1 3 2 4
(1) Gandhi Irwin Pact (2) IIbert Bill (d) 3 2 1 4
(3) Rowlatt Act (4) Pitts India Act UPPSC ACF/RFO (Mains) Ist 2018

History of Modern India 358 YCT

 Ans: (b) The correct sequence is as follows - Ans. (d) : Dadabhai Naoroji known as the Grand Old
Queen's Proclamation November 1st, 1858 Man of India was elected to the House of Commons in
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre April 13th, 1919 1892 to speak on behalf of Indian interests. He was the
Gandhi- Irwin Pact March 5th, 1931 first Indian to become a member of British Parliament.
Dadabhai Naoroji is known as the mentor of both Gopal
Cabinet Mission March 29th, 1946
Krishna Gokhale and Mahatma Gandhi. He served as
117. Which Commission under the British rule Member of the House of commons from 1892 to 1895. He
prepared the 'Famine Code'?
became the president of INC thrice, in 1886, 1893 and
(a) Welby Commission 1906.
(b) Strachey Commission
121. Who was the first Indian to become the
(c) Hunter Commission
member of British Parliament?
(d) None of the above
(a) Badruddin Tyabji (b) W. C. Banerjee
OPSC (OCS)-2018 Paper-I
(c) D. N. Wacha (d) Dadabhai Naoroji
Ans. (b): Richard Strachey Commission of 1878
was created to develop a general strategy and Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2004-05
principles to deal with the famines, called as Famine Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2013
Code. Ans. (d): Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
It was the first Famine Commission and was
constituted during the period of Lord Lytton. 122. Khudiram Bose was associated with
India witnessed another famine in 1896-97. The (a) Anushilan Samiti (b) Bengal volunteers
Woodhead Commission was appointed by the (c) Jugantar Dal (d) Mitra-Mela
British India in 1944 Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
Famine Commission Year Ans. (*): Jugantar Dal
Second Famine 1897 under Sir James It was one of the two main secret revolutionary
Commission Lyall organization in Bengal for Indian Independence. This
Third Famine 1900 under Sir association, like Anushilan Samiti, started in guise of
Commission Anthony suburban fitness club. Several Jugantar members were
Note → Famine continued to occur and the Famine arrested, hanged or deported for life to the Cellular Jail
of Bengal (1943) was the most horrifying famine in Andaman and many of them joined the communist
consolidation in the Cellular Jail.
118. Strachey Commission is associated with:
(a) Famine (b) Education Notable members-
(c) Police reforms (d) Health Khudiram Bose
NAGALAND NCS PRELIMS, 2018 Satyendra Nath Bose
Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above The Jugantar Party was established in April 1906 by
question. leaders like Aurobindo Ghosh, his brother Barin Ghosh,
119. Which European nation was first in bringing Bhupendra Nath Datta, Raj Subodh Mallik
printing press to India? 123. At which place in 1863 Mohammedan Literary
(a) England (b) France Society was founded to encourage reform,
(c) Portugal (d) Holland modern Ideas and Western education in
OPSC (OCS)-2018 Paper-I Muslims.
(a) Kolkata (b) Aligarh
Ans. (c): The Portuguese were the first Europeans, who
brought a printing press to India in 1556. First printing (c) Lahore (d) Bombay
press was established at the Jesuit Saint Paul's College TS PSC Group-I & II -2017
in old Goa. Ans. (a): The Mohammedan Literary Society founded
120. Who was elected to the House of Commons to in Calcutta (Kolkata) in 1863 by Nawab Abdul Latif
speak for Indian interests in 1890s? (1828-1893), was one of the earliest organizations to
take steps in this direction. The society gave a
(a) R. C. Dutt (b) Madam Cama remarkable impetus to the cause of Muslim
(c) R. P. Dutt (d) Dadabhai Naoroji advancement throughout India as well as promoting
OPSC (OCS)-2018 Paper-I Hindu-Muslim unity.

History of Modern India 359 YCT

124. Identify below the cause of the dispute between years old. On 30th April 1908 Khudiram Bose threw a
mill owners and workers, which led to the mill bomb on a carriage at Muzzafarpur, to kill the Chief
workers strike in 1917 at Ahmedabad. Presidency Magistrate Douglas Kingsford.
(a) Dearness allowance The first attempt to kill Mr. Kingsford was via a book
(b) Overtime Allowance bomb constructed by Hem Chandra. Indian
(c) Health Allowance revolutionary Prafulla Chandra Chaki was also
associated with the Muzzafarpur Bomb case alongwith
(d) Plague Bonus
Khudiram Bose.
TS PSC Group-I & II -2017
Bina Das- Bina Das (1911-1986) was an Indian
Ans. (d): In February-March 1918, there was a situation revolutionary and nationalist from West Bengal.
of conflict between the Gujarat Mill owners and Das was the daughter of a well known Brahmo teacher,
workers of textile mills on the question of Plague Bonus Beni Madhab Das and a social worker, Sarala Devi. Her
in 1917. The Mill owners wanted to withdraw the elder sister Kalyani Das was also a freedom fighter.
bonus, while the workers demanded a 50% wage hike.
Prafulla Chaki- was an Indian revolutionary associated
The Mill owners were willing to give only 20% wage
with the Jugantar party of Bengal who carried out
hike.
assassinations of British Colonial officials in an attempt
125. Who was called the ‘Iron Man of India’? to secure Indian Independence.
(a) Gopal Khishna Gokhale 128. The Radcliffe Commission was appointed
(b) Bipan Chandra Pal (a) To enquire into the Noakhali riots
(c) Subash Chandra Bose (b) For delimitation of boundaries during
(d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel partition
Mizoram PSC (CCE) Pre-2017 (c) To grant internal autonomy
Ans. (d): Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is known as the (d) None of the above
‘Iron Man of India’ because of his strong conviction for Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
the unification of Princely states into one nation, his
Ans. (b): The boundary demarcation line between India
Positive outlook towards women empowerment and his
and Pakistan known as the Radcliffe Line came into
active role to build India what it is today.
force on 17 August 1947. The commission led by Sir
126. ‘‘Swaraj is my birth right and I shall have it.’ Cyril Radcliffe was instructed to demarcate the
Who said so? boundaries of the two parts of the Punjab on the basis of
(a) Surendranath Bannerji ascertaining the contiguous majority of Muslims and
(b) B.G. Tilak Non Muslims.
(c) Aurobindo Ghose 129. Due to the leadership and success in which one
of the following did Vallabhbhai Patel got the
(d) Motilal Nehru
title "Sardar”?
Mizoram PSC (CCE) Pre-2017
(a) Kheda Satyagrah
Ans. (b): Bal Gangadhar Tilak raised the slogan
(b) Non cooperation Movement
‘‘Swaraj is my Birth right and ‘I shall have it’.
(c) Bardoli Satygraha
• Bal Gangadhar Tilak was also known as Lok Manya
(d) Civil Disobedience Movement
Tilak. He established a prominent organization
called Deccan Education society to promote modern Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
learning. Ans. (c) : The title 'Sardar' was conferred to
127. Who was tried and hanged for an attempt to Vallabhbhai Patel for his great organisational skill in
kill Mr. Kingsford, the Presidency Magistrate? Bardoli Satyagraha by women of Bardoli in 1928. There
was a problem for the farmers of Bardoli and the
(a) Khudiram Bose (b) Hari Natu
British were collecting unjust taxes from them.
(c) Prafulla Chaki (d) Bina Das
130. Consider the following events and arrange
Tripura PSC (NCS) Pre- 2017
these in chronological order
Ans. (a): On 11th August 1908, one of India’s youngest I. Cripps Proposal II. August Offer
revolutionary freedom fighters, Khudiram Bose was
III. Wavell Plan IV. C.R. Formula
hanged by the British Government. He was only 18
History of Modern India 360 YCT
 Select the correct answer from the codes given List–I List–II
below :
A. Treaty of Allahabad 1. 1754
Codes:
(a) II, I, III, IV (b) II, I, IV, III B. Treaty of Aix-la- 2. 1746
Chapelle
(c) I, II, IV, III (d) I, II, III, IV
UPPSC RO/ARO (Re-exam) 2016 C. La Bourdonnais 3. 1748
Capture of Madras
Ans. (b) : The correct sequence is as follows -
August Offer – 1940 D. Dupleix's dismissal 4. 1765
Cripps Proposal – March 1942 Codes:
C.R. Formula – 1944 A B C D
Wavell Plan – 1945 (a) 2 4 1 3
131. 'Servants of India Society' was founded by? (b) 4 3 2 1
(a) Jyotiba Phule (b) M.G. Ranade (c) 3 1 2 4
(c) V.D. Savarkar (d) G.V. Mavlankar (d) 1 4 2 3
Manipur PSC-2016 UPPSC RO/ARO (Re-exam) 2016
Ans. (*) : ‘Servants of India Society’ was formed in Ans. (b) : The correct match is as follows -
Pune, Maharashtra, on June 12, 1905 by Gopal Krishna Treaty of Allahabad 1765
Gokhale with the aim to train national missionaries for Treaty of Aixla Chappelle 1748
service to India and promote the true interests of the La Bourdonnais Capture of Madras 1746
Indian people by constitutional means alone. Vinayak
Dupleix's dismissal 1754
Damodar Savarkar was the founder of Abhinav Bharat.
134. Who opposed Planned Development in India?
132. Consider the following events:
(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
1. Robert Clive’s re-arrival in India
(c) Indira Gandhi (d) Rajiv Gandhi
2. Treaty of Allahabad
UPPCS (Pre) 2019
3. Battle of Buxar
4. Warren Hastings became Governor- Ans.(a)Mahatma Gandhi opposed planned development
General of Bengal in India because he wanted the villages as the source of
development. He was against massive industrialization.
Select the correct chronological order of the
above events from the codes given below: 135. With reference to land reforms in independent
India, which one of the following statements is
Codes: correct?
(a) 3, 2, 1, 4 (a) The ceiling laws were aimed at family holdings
(b) 3, 1, 2, 4 and not individual holdings
(c) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) The major aim of land reforms was providing
(d) 2, 1, 4, 3 agricultural land to all the landless
UPPSC RO/ARO (Re-exam) 2016 (c) It resulted in cultivation of cash crops as a
predominant form of cultivation
Ans. (b) : The correct chronological order of the
events is- (d) Land reforms permitted no exemptions to the
ceiling limits
Battle of Buxar October 22nd, 1764
IAS (Pre) GS 2019
Robert Clive’s re-arrival 1755 and 65
Ans-(b) At the time of Independence the ownership of
in India
lands was centralised to a very few individuals. This led
Treaty of Allahabad August 16th, 1765 to a surge in the exploitation of farmers and also
Warren Hastings became 1773 became the impediment in socio economic development
Governor-General of Bengal of rural population. The main aim of land reforms were
to remove the involment of middle man and chakbandi
133. Match the List–I with List–II and select the
allotment of land per household to provide cultivable
correct answer from the codes given below :
lands to all landless cultivators.
History of Modern India 361 YCT
136. Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly (a) Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
matched? (b) Mahatma Gandhi
Place Leadership (c) Sachchidananda Sinha
A. Sambhalpur Surendra Sahi (d) Rajendra Prasad
B. Ganjam Radhakrishna Dandsena (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
C. Kashmir Gulab Singh 64th BPSC (Pre) 2018-19
Ans-(c) Sachchidanand Sinha was famous educationist,
D. Lucknow Liyaqat Ali
lawyer, journalist and the first non-permanent president
UPPCS (Pre) GS 2018 of Constituent Assembly. He criticised the British
Ans-(d) The correct match is as follows - economic policies and called them oppressive and
exploitative. He claimed that the British were trying to
Place Leadership get optimum output through their economic policies.
Sambhalpur Surendra Sahi The above statement is also given by him.
Ganjam Radhakrishna Dandsena 140. Rajani Palme Dutt said, "They both fought and
Kashmir Gulab Singh collaborated with imperialism". Which political
grouping was he referring to?
Lucknow Begum Hazrat Mahal
(a) The Indian National Congress
Allahabad Liyaqat Ali (b) The Communist Party of India
137. Which of the following pair is not correctly (c) The Swaraj Party
matched? (d) Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
(a) Lahore Proposal - Fazl-ul-Haq (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
(b) Pirpur Report - Raja Mohammad Mehdi 64th BPSC (Pre) 2018-19
(c) People's Plan - Vinoba Bhave Ans-(a) Referring Indian National Congress Rajani
(d) Gandhian Plan - S.N. Agrawal Palme Dutt mentioned in his book, 'India Today', said
that 'they both fought and collaborated with
UPPSC RO/ARO Mains 2017
imperialism". This statement was given by him in the
Ans-(c) 'People's Plan' was proposed by thinker M.N. context of moderate wing of INC.
Roy in 1945. Vinoba Bhave associated with 'Bhave
141. Bal Gangadhar Tilak came to be known as
Satyagrah' and 'Bhoodan Movement'. Lahore Proposal
'Lokmanya Tilak' when
was proposed by A.K. Fazl-ul-Haq in 1940, Pirpur
Report by Raja Sayed Mohammed Mehdi in 1938 and (a) he became a popular teacher
Gandhian Plan was proposed by Sriman Narayan (b) he started a popular newspaper
Agarwal in 1994. (c) the govenment accused him in the Rand Murder
138. Consider the following events and arrange them Case
in chronological order: (d) he started the Shivaji and Ganpati festivals
I. Cripps Mission 2. August Offer (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
3. Nehru Report 4. Wavell Plan 64th BPSC (Pre) 2018-19
Select correct answer from the codes given Ans-(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak was sentenced to 18
months rigorous imprisonment for provoking Chapekar
below:
Brothers to murder two English officials Rand & L.
(a) III, I, II, IV (b) III, II, I, IV Amhearst. He was given the title of 'Lokmanya' for this
(c) II, I, III, IV (d) I, III, II, IV case.
UPPSC RO/ARO Mains 2017 Note: BPSC has accepted the option (e) as the answer
of this question in its revised answer key.
Ans-(b) The correct chronological order is as follows-
142. How old was Bhagat Singh when he threw a
Nehru Report 1928
bomb in the assembly in protest against the
August Offer Aug 8, 1940 government?
Cripps Mission March 1942 (a) 21 years
Wavell Plan June 14, 1945 (b) A little more than 21 years
139. "So always with the assent and often to the (c) 25 years
dictates of the Chamber of Commerce, the (d) A little more than 25 years
Government of India is carried on, and this is the (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
'White Man's Burden'. Who said this? 64th BPSC (Pre) 2018-19
History of Modern India 362 YCT
Ans-(b) Bhagat Singh was born in 1907 in Banga, Ans-(d) The above given statements are true. In Nagpur
British India (present day Pakistan). In 1923, he Session 1920, the proposal for Non-Cooperation
enrolled at the National college in Lahore, In 1924 he Movement was also passed.
joined Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), 146. Choose the correct chronological order of the
founded by Sachindranath Sanyal and manage by C.S. following Events
Azad. In 1927, he was first arrested on charges of (i) Lucknow Pact
Kakori Case. To take revenge for Lala Lajpat Rai, he (ii) Formation of Swaraj Party
plotted the murder of James A. Scott but mistakenly he (iii) Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
killed J.P. Saunders. This is known as Lahore (iv) Death of Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Conspiracy Case (1929). He was re-arrested for murder Select the answer from the following code:
and bomb manufacturing in the Lahore Conspiracy
(a) (i), (iv), (iii) & (ii)
case. He was found guilty and hanged on 23rd March,
(b) (iv), (iii), (i) & (iv)
1931 in Lahore along with Sukhdev and Raj guru.
(c) (i), (iii), (iv) & (ii)
143. Shaheed Bhagat Singh was a part of which of
(d) (i), (ii), (iii) & (iv)
the following organizations?
(a) Naujavan Bharat Sabha RAS/RTS (Pre) - 2018
(b) Hinustan Socialist Republic Association Ans-(c) The correct chronological order is as follows-
(c) Kirti Kisan Party Event Date
(d) All of the above Lucknow Pact - December 1916
Gujarat PSC Pre-2018 Paper-I Formation of Swaraj Party - 1 January, 1923
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre - 13 April 1919
Ans. (d): Bhagat Singh was associated with Naujwan
Bharat Sabha, Hindustan Socialist Republic Association Death of Bal Gangadhar Tilak - 1 August, 1920
and Kirti Kisan Party founded by Nazrul Islam. 147. Who was the first to give the call for Swarajya -
144. Who among the following established the "India for Indians"?
department of Archaeological Survey? (a) Dayanand Saraswati
(a) Lord Curzon (b) Lokmanya Tilak
(b) Lord Minto (c) Aurobindo Ghosh
(c) Lord Hardinge (d) Bhagat Singh
(d) Lord Chelmsford (Haryana PSC Pre 2014)
CGPSC (Pre) - 2018 Ans-(a) Swami Dayanand Saraswati was a great
Ans-(a) Lord Curzon was a scholar of History and thinker, Social-reformer and patriot of modern India. He
Archaeology. Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) was was the first who used the word, 'Swaraj'. Annie Besant
founded by Alexander Cunnigham in 1861. During the said that Dayanand Saraswati was the first man who
time of Lord Curzon, the Ancient Monuments said, "India for Indians".
Preservation Act of 1904 was passed. Archaeological 148. National Book Trust, was established by
departments was established under this Act. Curzon Government of India
was considered as founder of Department of (a) In the Year 1956
Archaeological Survey because he consolidated the (b) In the Year 1950
department. (c) In the Year 1957
145. Which of the following statements is/are true? (d) In the year 1956
(a) After the Nagpur Session (1920) of Congress, (Haryana PSC Pre - 2014)
the provincial Congress Committees were Ans-(c) National Book Trust (NBT) is an autonomous
constituted on linguistic basis organisation under the Government of India. It was
(b) In 1948, Congress rejected the demand of established on April 1, 1957. Its main functions are-
formation of provinces on linguistic basis 1. Publishing
Select the correct answer from the code below: 2. To encourage book reading
(a) Only (A) (b) Only (B) 3. To encourage Indian books in foreign countries.
(c) Neither (A) or (B) (d) Both (A) & (B) 4. To assist writers and publishers
RAS/RTS (Pre) - 2018 5. To encourage child - literature
History of Modern India 363 YCT
149. Match the years given in Column I with the 151. Match the items in List-I with List-II and select
important developments in the Indian the correct answer from the codes given below:
Independence Movement given in Column II and List- I List-II
provide the correct answer from the options (i) Drain of wealth theory (1) C.R. Das
given below:
(ii) Swaraj as my birth right (2) Mohd. Ali Jinnah
Column I Column II
(iii) Separate Communal (3) B.G. Tilak
1. 1905 a. Civil Disobedience Movement
Electorate
2. 1918 b. Poorna Swaraj (iv) Entry into legislation (4) Dadabhai Naoroji
3. 1924 c. Partition of Bengal (5) Subhas Chandra
4. 1930 d. Champaran Satygraha Bose
(a) 1-d, 2-c, 3-a, 4-b Codes:
(b) 1-a, 2-c, 3-b, 4-d (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(c) 1-c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a (a) (4) (1) (3) (2)
(d) 1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c (b) (3) (4) (1) (2)
Haryana PCS Pre 2017 (c) (4) (3) (2) (1)
Ans-(*) Civil Disobedience Movement: This (d) (2) (1) (3) (4)
movement was started by Mahatma Gandhi with Salt Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2018
Satyagraha on March 12, 1930. After a march of 24 Ans-(c) The correct match is as follows -
days from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi with 78
List- I List-II
followers, Gandhi broke the salt law on April 1930 as a
Drain of wealth theory Dadabhai Naoroji
symbol of starting Civil Disobedience Movement.
Swaraj as my birth right B.G. Tilak
Purna Swaraj : The Lahore Session of Congress Party
in 1929, was presided over by J.L. Nehru where he Separate Communal Md. Ali Jinnah
unfurled the National Flag. Congress working electorate
Committee decided to commemorate Jan 26, 1930 as Entry into legislation C.R. Das
'Purna Swaraj Diwas' on Jan 2, 1930. 152. Which of the following was not a socialist
Partition of Bengal: Lord Curzon announced the leader?
partition of Bengal on July 20, 1905 and the partition (a) Ram Manohar Lohia (b) Jaiprakash Narayan
finally took place on Aug 16, 1905. (c) S.C. Bose (d) M.R. Jaikar
Champaran Satyagraha: It was the first Satyagraha Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2017
started by Gandhi in 1917. Gandhi was accompanied by Ans-(d) Ram Manohar Lohia, Jaiprakash Narayan and
Raj Kumar Shukla, Rajendra Prasad, Narhari Parekh S.C. Bose were associated with socialism while M.R.
and J.B. Kriplani. Jaikar was not associated with socialism. He was a
famous judge, educator, and social servant. He was
150. Who chartered the ship Kamagata Maru for
engaged in every movement after 1917. With the efforts
taking the Indians to Vancouver? of M.R. Jaikar and Tej Bahadur Sapru, Gandhi Irwin
(a) Hardit Singh Pact was conclued in 1931.
(b) Mohammad Baraktullah 153. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was born at:
(c) Ram Chandra (a) Poona (b) Bombay
(d) Balwant Singh (c) Mhow (d) Satara
Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2018 Himachal Pradesh PCS Pre 2017
Ans-(*) KAMAGATAMARU was a ship. An Indian Ans-(c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was born on April 14, 1901
Origin businessman of Singapore, Gurudutta Singh at Mhow in M.P. He was a great lawyer, economist,
politician and social-reformer. He initiated Dalit
hired this ship and was taking 376 passengers of South-
movements and campaigned against untouchability and
East Asia from Singapore to Vancouver. The Canada social dispaties. In 1990, the Bharat Ratna , was
Government did not allow the passengers to deboard on posthumously conferred on Ambedkar. He is also
its port. The ship reached Calcutta where 18 passengers referred by the honorofics, Babasaheb and father of
were killed in an encounter with police. Indian Constitution.

History of Modern India 364 YCT

154. With reference to Indian freedom struggle, Ans. (b): The correct match is as follows-
consider the following events: Meerut Conspiracy Case - 1929
1. Mutiny in Royal Indian Navy
Moplah Revolt - 1921
2. Quit India Movement launched
Champaran Satyagraha - 1917
3. Second Round Table Conference
Santhal Rebellion - 1855
What is the correct chronological sequence of
the above events? 157. Match List I with List II and select the correct
(a) 1-2-3 (b) 2-1-3 answer by using the codes given below the lists:
(c) 3-2-1 (d) 3-1-2 List I List II
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2017
A. ButlerCommittee 1. Jallianwala Bagh
Ans. (c): The Second Round Table Conference took Report Massacre
place on September 7, 1931. The Quit India Movement,
also known as the August Movement was a movement B. Hartog Committee 2. Relationship
launched by Indian National Congress under Mahatma Report between the Indian
Gandhi on August 8, 1942. Royal Indian Navy (RIN) States and
mutiny was a rebellion launched on February 18, 1946, Paramount Power
by seamen on the HMIS Talwar. Hence correct
chronological sequence of the above events is 3-2-1. C. Hunter Inquiry 3. Working of Dyarchy
155. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct Committee as laid down in the
answer using the code given below the Lists: Report Montague-
List-I (Events) List-II (Dates) Chelmsford
A. Barrackpore Mutiny 1. July, 1806 Reforms
B. Berhampur Revolt 2. November, 1824 D. Muddiman 4. The growth of
C. Santhal Revolt 3. 1855-56 Committee education in British
D. Vellore Mutiny 4. February, 1857 Report India and
Code: potentialities of its
A B C D further progress
(a) 2 4 3 1
(b) 2 1 4 3 Codes:
(c) 3 4 2 1 A B C D
(d) 1 2 3 4 (a) 3 2 1 4
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006 (b) 1 3 2 4
Ans. (a): The correct matc is as follows-
(c) 2 1 3 4
Events - Dates
(d) 2 4 1 3
Barrackpore Mutiny - November, 1824
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1997
Berhrampore Revolt - February, 1857
Santhal Revolt - 1855-56 Ans. (d): The Indian States Committee appointed a
Vellore Mutiny - July, 1806 committee under the Chairmanship of Sir Harcourt
Butler which was popularly known as ‘the Butler
156. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer from the code given below the list- Committee’ to investigate and clarify the relationship
between the paramount power of the British Raj and the
List-I List-II
rulers, of princely states in 1927. The committee visited
A. Meerut Conspiracy Case 1. 1855
16 states and submitted its report in 1929. In 1929, the
B. Moplah Revolt 2. 1917 ‘Hartog Committee’ was appointed to survey the
C. Champaran Satyagraha 3. 1921 growth of education in British India. After the
D. Santhal Rebellion 4. 1929 terrible massacre at Jallianwala Bagh on 13th April,
Code: 1919, the Legislative Council of the Government of
A B C D India constituted the Hunter Inquiry Committee on
(a) 1 2 3 4 October 29, 1919 to examine the mishap that occurred
(b) 4 3 2 1 in Amritsar. The investigating committee was led by
(c) 2 4 1 3 Lord William Hunter. It was convened in November
(d) 3 2 4 1 and took testimony over a period of 46 days. The
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11 committee submitted its report on 26th May, 1920. In it,

History of Modern India 365 YCT

the majority of the members reprimanded Dyer for a Ans. (b): The correct match is as follows-
‘mistaken concept of duty’. Muddiman Committee was Event Year
appointed by the Government of India in 1920, to
Start of separate elections - 1909
enquire about diarchy, instituted by the Montague-
Congress-League Pact - 1916
Chelmsford Reforms.
Communal Award - 1932
158. Match List I with List II and select the correct
answer by using the codes given below the lists: Day of deliverance - 1939

List I List II 160. Match List I with List II and select the correct
answer by using the codes given below the Lists :
(Period) (Event)
List I List II
A. 1883 1. Announcement of Communal
A. Surat Split 1. 1929
Award from Whitehall
B. Communal Award 2. 1928
B. 1906 2. Formation of the All-India State
Peoples Conference C. All-Party Convention 3. 1932

C. 1927 3. Foundation of Muslim League at D Poorna Swaraj Resolution 4. 1907

Dacca 5. 1905
D. 1932 4. First session of National Codes:
Conference at Calcutta (a) 4 3 1 5
Codes: (b) 4 3 2 1
A B C D (c) 2 5 4 1
(a) 4 3 1 2 (d) 1 4 2 3
(b) 3 4 1 2
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1997
(c) 4 3 2 1
Ans. (b): The correct match is as follows-
(d) 3 4 2 1
Surat Split 1907
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
Communal Award 1932
Ans. (c): The first session of National Conference
presided over by Surendranath Banerjee was held in All-Party Conference 1928
1883 at Calcutta. The Muslim League was founded at Poorna Swaraj Resolution 1929
Dacca (Dhaka) in 1906. The All-India State Peoples 161. Match List - I with List - II and find the correct
Conference was founded in 1927. The then British answer from the codes given below the lists:
Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald announced List–I List-II
Communal Award from Whitehall in 1932. A. Vinoba Bhave 1. Home Rule Movement
159. Match List I with List II and select the correct B. B. G. Tilak 2. Individual Satyagraha
answer by using the codes given below the lists:
C. Aruna Asaf Ali 3. Dharsana Raid
List-I (Event) List-II (Year)
D. Sarojini Naidu 4. Quit India Movement
A. Start of separate elections 1. 1909
Codes :
B. Congress-League Pact 2. 1916 A B C D
C. Communal Award 3. 1932 (a) 2 1 4 3
D. Day of deliverance 4. 1935 (b) 1 2 3 4
5. 1939 (c) 4 3 2 1
Code: (d) 1 2 4 3
A B C D UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014
(a) 4 2 3 5 Ans. (a) The correct match is as follows-
(b) 1 2 3 5 Vinoba Bhave - Individual Satyagraha
(c) 2 5 1 4 B. G. Tilak - Home Rule Movement
(d) 3 4 5 1 Aruna Asaf Ali - Quit India Movement
UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 1998 Sarojini Naidu - Dharsana Raid

History of Modern India 366 YCT

162.Match List-I with List-II and find the correct (a) Kolkata and Mumbai in 1854
answer from the codes given below the lists: (b) Delhi and Ambala in 1851
List–I List-II (c) Madras and Coimbatore in 1853
A. Non-Cooperation Movement 1. 1942 (d) Kolkata and Diamond Harbour in 1850
B. Civil Disobedience Movement 2. 1937 Manipur PSC-2013
C. Formation of Congress Cabinet 3. 1930 Ans. (d): The first experimental electric telegraph line
D. Quit India Movement 4. 1920 was started between Kolkata and Diamond Harbour in
1850. It was opened for the use of the British East India
Codes: Company in 1851.
A B C D
165. Which three states did not consent to be part of
(a) 1 2 3 4 the Indian Union after independence?
(b) 4 3 2 1 (a) Hyderabad, Kashmir and Travancore
(c) 2 1 4 3 (b) Kangra, Travancore and Hyderabad
(d) 3 4 1 2 (c) Junagarh, Bhopal and Rampur
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2009 (d) Kashmir, Junagarh and Hyderabad
Ans. (b): The correct match is as follows- Manipur PSC-2013
Non-Cooperation Movement 1920 Ans. (d): Three states that did not consent to be part of
Civil Disobedience Movement 1930 the Indian Union after independence are Kashmir,
Formation of Congress Cabinet 1937 Junagarh and Hyderabad.
Quit India Movement 1942 166. "We have now an open conspiracy to free this
163. Match List - I with List - II and find the correct country from foreign rule, and you comrades,
answer from the codes given below the lists: and all the countrymen and country women are
List–I List-II invited to join it." Who made this clarion call
A. August Declaration 1. Lord Linlithgow to the nation?
B. August Offer 2. Montague (a) Bal Ganadhar Tilak (b) Lala Lajpat Rai
C. August Resolution 3. M. A. Jinnah (c) Jawaharlal Nehru (d) Aruna Asaf Ali
D. Direct Action 4. Gandhi Manipur PSC-2013
Code: Ans. (c): "We have now an open conspiracy to free this
country from foreign rule, and you comrades, and all
A B C D the countrymen and country women are invited to join
(a) 2 1 4 3 it." Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru made this clarion call to the
(b) 1 2 4 3 nation.
(c) 1 2 3 4 167. Assertion (A): Bal Gangadhar Tilak started
Ganapati Festival is 1894.
(d) 4 1 2 3
Reason (R): Tilak wanted to develop patriotic
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1997, 2003 zeal among Indians.
Ans. (a): The correct match is as follows- Codes:
August Declaration (August 20, 1917), A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
Montague Correct Explanation of (A)
August Offer (August 08, 1940), B. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not
correct explanation of (A)
Lord Linlithgow
C. (A) is true but (R) is false
August Resolution (August 08, 1942),
D. (A) is false bur (R) is true
Mahatma Gandhi
Manipur PSC-2013
Direct Action (August 16, 1946),
Ans. (a): Bal Gangadhar Tilak started Ganapati Festival
M. A. Jinnah in 1894, the festival was organized to build a national
164. Telegraph services ceased functioning recently. spirit among the common people and make them aware
The first experimental electric telegraph line about freedom in opposition to colonial rule. Also Bal
was started between Gangadhar Tilak wanted to develop patriotic zeal
among Indian.
History of Modern India 367 YCT
168. Assertion (A): Northwest Frontier Province 170. Choose the correct option form the list given
was created in 1901. below:
Reason (R): The military bases were connected (a) Indian Legislative Councils Act, 1861- Lord
with the frontier posts by a system of light Ripon
railroads. (b) I1bert Bill, 1883 Lord Chelmsford
Codes: (c) Indian Councils Act, 1892 Lord Lansdowne
A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the (d) Rowlatt Act, 1919- Lord Canning
Correct Explanation of (A) Manipur PSC-2013
B. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not
Ans. (c): The Indian Council Act 1892 was an Act of
correct explanation of (A)
British Parliament that introduced various amendments
C. (A) is true but (R) is false to the composition and function of legislative councils
D. (A) is false bur (R) is true in British India. Lord Lansdowne served as Viceroy of
Manipur PSC-2013 India from 1888 to 1893. During his tenure, Indo-
Ans. (b): In 1897-98, there was a rising in the North Afghan border was demarcated. The Indian council Act,
West. After long consideration it was decided, at the 1892 was enacted and a system of indirect elections
close of 1901, to create a Northwest Frontier Province started in India.
under a chief commissioner directly subordinate to the Note :-
Government of India. Thus a policy of conciliation was Indian Legislative Council Act 1861 - Lord Canning
mingled with forceful suppression. Now, the new province Ilbert Bill 1883- Lord Ripon
contained the territories lying between the newly defined Rowlatt Act 1919 - Lord Chelmsford
frontier of Afghanistan and the upper course of the River
Indus. The military bases were connected with the frontier 171. Which of the following statements is/are
posts by a system of light railroads. correct regarding the charges made against the
accused of the Meerut Conspiracy Case of
169. List I 1929?
(a) Surendranath Banerji
1. The accused aimed at depriving the King of
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji the sovereignty of British India
(c) Lala Hardayal 2. Their plans and methods were guided by the
(d) Rash Behari Bose Communist International
List II 3. They had sought the help of Nazis
1. Ghadar Conspiracy (a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 2
2. Indian National Association (c) Only 2 (d) 2 and 3
3. First Indian elected as Member of House of Manipur PSC-2013
Commons
Ans. (b): Following are the statements recording the
4. Vander Mataram Newspaper charges made against the accused of the Meerut
Code: Conspiracy Case of 1929 that the accused aimed at
(a) (b) (c) (d) depriving the king of the sovereignty of British India.
(A) (2) (3) (4) (1) • Their plans and methods were guided by the
(B) (4) (1) (2) (3) communist international. The Meerut Conspiracy case
(C) (3) (4) (2) (1) was a controversial court case initiated in British India
(D) (2) (1) (4) (3) in March 1929 and decided in 1933. Several
communists, inducing three Englishmen were arrested
Manipur PSC-2013 for organizing an Indian railway strike. The surfacing of
Ans. (a): The correct match is as follows - the Meerut Conspiracy case slowed down the growth of
List-I List-II the communist party.
Surendranath Banerji - Indian National 172. Which Indian statesman is known as 'Mahatma
Association Gandhi's Conscience Keeper'?
Dadabhai Naoroji - First Indian Elected as (a) C. Rajagopalachari
Member of House Of (b) Lokmanya Tilak
Commons (c) Vallabhbhai Patel
Lala Hardayal - Vandemataram Newspaper
(d) Bhulabhai Desai
Rash Behari Bose - Ghadar Conspiracy
Manipur PSC-2013
History of Modern India 368 YCT
Ans. (a): Chakravarti Rajagopalachari was an Indian C. Iqbal 3. Operation Polo
statesman, writer, lawyer and independence activist who D. Batukeshwar Dutt 4. Allahabad Session of
is known as 'Mahatma Gandhi's Conscience Keeper'. Muslim League, 1930
173. Which of the following amendments was not Code:
proposed by Jinnah to the Draft Constitution A B C D
prepared by Motilal Nehru? (a) 2 3 4 1
(a) One- third seats to be reserved for Muslims (b) 1 2 3 4
(b) Separate electorate for Muslims (c) 4 3 2 1
(c) Proportional electorate for Muslims (d) 3 4 2 1
(d) Adequate safeguards for minorities UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
Manipur PSC-2013 Ans. (a): The correct match is as follows-
Ans. (c): Proportional electorate for Muslims was not Subhash Chandra Bose Haripura Session of Indian
proposed by Jinnah to the Draft Constitution prepared National Congress
by Motilal Nehru.
Vallabhbhai Patel Operation Polo
174. Who was the first President of Pakistan? (Annexation of Hyderabad)
(a) MA Jinnah Iqbal Allahabad Session of
(b) Iskander Mirza Muslim League, 1930
(c) Liaqat Ali Batukeshwar Dutt Throwing of the bomb in
(d) Sikandar Hayat Khan Central Assembly
Manipur PSC-2013 177. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
Ans. (b): Iskander Mirza was the first president of answer by using the codes given below the lists :
Pakistan, and a former Major General of the country. List-I (Movement) List-II(Related Persons)
A. Home Rule Movement 1. M. K. Gandhi
• He became President in 1956, before that Pakistan did
not have the title of President. B. Bardoli Satyagraha 2. C. R. Das
• In 1956 the Pakistani Constitution was passed and C. Non-Cooperation Movement 3. Vallabhbhai
Iskander Mirza was appointed its first president. Patel
175. He was not one of the founders of Non-Aligned D. Formation of Swaraj Party 4. Annie Besant
Movement: Codes:
(a) Fidel Castro A B C D
(b) Gamal Abdel Nasser (a) 1 2 3 4
(c) Josip Broz Tito
(b) 4 3 1 2
(d) Kwame Nkrumah
(c) 4 3 2 1
Manipur PSC-2013
(d) 2 1 4 3
Ans. (a): Fidel Castro was a Cuban revolutionary and
UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Mains) 2010
politician who was the leader of Cuba. The
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a forum of 120 Ans. (b): Annie Besant was associated to Home Rule
countries that are not formally aligned with or against Movement. She founded Home Rule League in 1916.
any major power bloc. After the United Nations, it is the The Bardoli Satyagraha of 1928 was a movement in the
largest grouping of states worldwide. freedom struggle led by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel for
176. Match List-I with Lisl-II and select the correct the farmers of Bardoli against the unjust raising of
answer from the code given below: taxes. The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched
List-I List-II on August 01, 1920 by the Indian National Congress
A. Subhas Chandra Bose 1. Throwing of the bomb (INC) under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. The
in Central Assembly Swaraj Party or the Congress-Khilafat Swarajya Party
B. Vallabhbhai Patel 2. Haripura Session of was formed on January 01, 1923 by C. R. Das and
Indian National Motilal Nehru. Hence option (b) would be the correct
Congress answer.
History of Modern India 369 YCT
178.Match the following in correct pairs (in the Ans. (b): The Indian Councils Act popularly known as
context of Gandhiji): Morley-Minto Reforms was passed by British
List I Parliament in 1909 AD. For the first time, the Indian
A. Gandhiji taken to Yerwada prison Councils Act gave recognition to elective principle for
the appointment of non-official members to the
B. He undertook fast unto death movement councils. However it introduced separate and
C. He was confronted with black flags on way to discriminatory electorate. The electorate was decided
Karachi on the basis of class & community. For the provincial
D. He called the defeat more mine than theirs councils, a provision of three categories was made viz.
List II general, special and chambers of commerce. The Indian
Statutory Commission, commonly referred as the Simon
1. For endorsing Delhi Pact
Commission, was a group of seven British Members of
2. The Civil Disobedience movement Parliament under the Chairmanship of Sir John Simon.
3. Congress crisis of 1939 The Commission arrived in British India in 1928 to
4. Against Communal Award study constitutional reforms in Britain’s most important
colony. The commission was strongly opposed since it
A B C D
had seven British members of British Parliament and no
(a) 2 4 1 3 Indian. On February 4-5, 1922 the participants of Non-
(b) 1 2 3 4 Cooperation Movement clashed with police resulting in
(c) 1 4 2 3 the deaths of about 22 policemen and 3 civilians at
(d) 2 4 3 1 Chauri-Chaura in the Gorakhpur District in the United
Provinces (present-day Uttar Pradesh). Chauri-Chaura
(e) 3 4 1 2 incident led Gandhi to call off the Non Cooperation
Chhattisgarh PCS (Pre) G.S. 2013 Movement from Bardoli on February 12, 1922.
Ans. (a): The correct match is as follows- Mahatma Gandhi started his famous Dandi March from
his base, Sabarmati Ashram near the city of Ahmedabad
Gandhiji taken to Yerwada prison with 78 people for opposing the salt law imposed by the
- The Civil Disobedience Movement British Government.
He undertook fast unto death movement 180. Match the following-
- Against Communal Award A. Bardoli 1. Maharashtra
He was confronted with black flags on way to Karachi B. Chauri Chaura 2. Gujarat
- For endorsing Delhi Pact C. Yerwada 3. West Bengal
D. Noakhali 4. Uttar Pradesh
He called the defeat as more mine than theirs
A B C D
- Congress crisis of 1939
(a) 1 2 3 4
179. Match the following-
(b) 2 1 4 3
(a) Morley-Minto Reforms 1. Country wide (c) 2 4 1 3
agitation (d) 4 1 3 2
(b) Simon Commission 2. Withdrawal of BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2007-08
Non-Cooperation Ans. (c): The correct match is as follows-
Movement Bardoli - Gujarat
(c) Chauri-Chaura incident 3. Communal Chauri-Chaura - Uttar Pradesh
electorate Yerwada - Maharashtra
(d) Dandi March 4. Opposing salt law Noakhali - West Bengal
A B C D 181. Match the following-
(a) 3 4 1 2 List-I List-II
(b) 3 1 2 4 A. Mahatma Gandhi 1. Dandi March
B. Jawaharlal Nehru 2. Red Shirt Movement
(c) 2 3 4 1
C. Khan Abdul Gaffar 3. Bardoli Satyagraha
(d) 4 1 2 3
Khan
(e) 2 1 4 3
D. Vallabhbhai Patel 4. Demand of complete
Chhattisgarh PCS (Pre) G.S. 2012 independence in
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1997 Lucknow Congress
History of Modern India 370 YCT
 Code: Ans. (d): The Khilafat Movement (1919-1924) was a
A B C D major Pan-Islamic Movement started to save the
(a) 4 1 3 2 Ottoman Empire and it extended to India against the
(b) 4 3 2 1 British power. In India Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar
(c) 2 1 4 3 and his brother Maulana Shaukat Ali along with some
(d) 1 4 2 3 other Muslim leaders such as Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed
Ansari, Raees-ul-Muhajireen, Hasrat Mohani, Maulana
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2009-10
Abul Kalam Azad and Dr. Hakim Ajmal Khan joined
Ans. (d): The correct match is as follows-
hands to create an All India Khilafat Committee at
Mahatma Gandhi - Dandi March Lucknow and October 17, 1919 was observed
Jawaharlal Nehru - Demand of complete as Khilafat Day.
independence in Lucknow
185.Which of the following pairs is not correctly
Congress
matched?
Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan - Red Shirt Movement (Lal
(a) Howrah Conspiracy Case - 1910
Kurti Movement)
Vallabhbhai Patel - Bardoli Satyagraha (b) Victoria Conspiracy Case - 1914
182.Which of the following pairs is not correctly (c) Lahore Conspiracy Case - 1916 and 1930
matched? (d) Kakori Conspiracy Case - 1924
(a) Battle of Buxar - 1764 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2015
(b) Subsidiary Alliance - 1863 Ans. (d): The Kakori Conspiracy Case also known as
(c) Monopoly of East India Company - 1833 Kakori Train Robbery was an armed robbery which
in India took place on August 9, 1925, on a train in Central
(d) Opening trade for British Nationals - 1813 Province (Modern Uttar Pradesh). The robbery occurred
and companies in India at the town of Kakori, about 16 km from Lucknow
UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Mains) 2010 which was where the train was headed. The train was
Ans. (b): The Subsidiary alliance was framed by Lord carrying the money that had been collected from various
Wellesley in 1798 A.D. The Nizam of Hyderabad was railway stations to be deposited at Lucknow. The
the first to accept the Subsidiary Alliance in 1798 raiders were known to be members of the newly formed
followed by Mysore (1799 – After Tipu Sultan was Hindustan Republican Association, a revolutionary
defeated in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War), Tanjore organization whose mission was to liberate India from
(1799), Awadh (1801), Peshwa (1802), Scindia (1803) British colonial rule through a revolution which
and Gaekwad (1803). Rest of the options are correctly
included armed rebellion. The plan was hatched by Ram
matched.
Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan. It was executed
183.Which of the following pairs is not correctly
by Bismil, Khan, Chandrashekhar Azad, Rajendra
matched?
Lahiri, Sachindra Bakshi, Keshab Chakravarty and a
(a) Jamnalal Bajaj - Satyagraha Ashram of
few others. The case was filed on 18 July, 1927 in
Wardha
which Ram Prasad Bismil, Rajendra Lahiri, Ashfaqullah
(b) Dada Bhai Naoroji - Bombay Association Khan and Thakur Roshan Singh were awarded death
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai - National College of sentences for robbing the train and Sachindra Bakshi
Lahore and Shachindra Nath Sanyal were deported to the
(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak - Satya Shodhak Samaj cellular jail in Port Blair.
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1995 186.Which of the following pairs is correctly
Ans. (d): The Satya Shodhak Samaj was founded by matched?
Jyotiba Phule in 1873 A.D. Rest of the options are (a) Do or Die - Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
correctly matched.
(b) Swaraj is my birth right - Mahatma Gandhi
184.Which of the following pairs is not correctly
(c) Give me blood and - Subhas Chandra
matched?
I shall Give you freedom Bose
(a) Motilal Nehru - Nehru Report
(b) M. K. Gandhi - Champaran Movement (d) Our objective should - Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(c) S. C. Bose - Forward Bloc be to achieve freedom
(d) M. A. Jinnah - Khilafat Movement through non-violence
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2015 UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2004
History of Modern India 371 YCT
Ans. (c): In 1940, the night of 8th August 1942 (c) Active participants of Ghadar Movement and t -
addressing the Congress delegates Mahatma Gandhi Hardayal, Baba Harnam Singh and Tundilal
gave the the slogan “Do or Die”. It means that we shall (d) Governor General of Bengal - Lord Minto at the
either free India or die in the attempt. The slogan time of passing of Pitt’s India Act
“Swaraj is my birth right and I shall have it” was given UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2013
by Bal Gangadhar Tilak in Lahore Session of Indian
Ans. (d): Bengal Gazette was the first newspaper of
National Congress held in 1916. Netaji Shubhas
India Published by James Augustus Hicky in 1778. The
Chandra Bose gave the slogan “Give me blood and I
All India Harijan Sangh was founded by Mahatma
shall give you freedom”. Mahatma Gandhi was a strong
Gandhi in 1932 with Ghanshyam Das Birla as its
believer of non-violence. He gave the slogan “our
founding President. The ‘Hindustan Association of
objective should be to achieve freedom through non-
Pacific Coast’ was founded by Sohan Singh Bhakhna in
violence”.
1913. The organization started the newspaper named
187. Which of the following is not correctly matched? ‘Ghadar’ based on it, the name of the organization
(a) 1885 - Formation of Indian National Congress became ‘Ghadar Party’. Lala Hardayal, Baba Harnam
(b) 1905 - Partition of Bengal Singh and Tundilat were the founding members of this
(c) 1909 - Minto Reforms organization. The East India Company Act, 1784 also
known as Pitt’s India Act, 1784 was passed by the
(d) 1930 - Non-Cooperation Movement
British Parliament to correct the defects of Regulating
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1996 Act, 1773. Lord Warren Hastings was the Governor-
Ans. (d): The Non-Cooperation Movement was General of Bengal at the time the Pitt’s India Act was
launched on August 01, 1920 by the Indian National passed. Hence option (d) is not correctly matched.
Congress (INC) under the leadership of Mahatma
190. Which one of the following is the correct
Gandhi. Hence option (d) is not correctly matched. chronological order of the battle fought in India
188. Which one of the following is correctly matched? in the 18th Century?
(a) 1940 - Lahore Session of Indian National (a) Battle of Wandiwash – Battle of Buxar – Battle
Congress of Ambur – Battle of Plassey
(b) Battle of Ambur – Battle of Plassey – Battle of
(b) 1931 - Execution of Rajguru
Wandiwash – Battle of Buxar
(c) 1921 - Commencement of Non-Cooperation (c) Battle of Wandiwash – Battle of Plassey –
Movement Battle of Ambur – Battle of Buxar
(d) 1920 - Rowlatt Satyagraha (d) Battle of Ambur – Battle of Buxar – Battle of
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2004 Wandiwash – Battle of Plassey
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2005
Ans. (b): In 1940, the 53rd Session of Indian National
Congress was held in Ramgarh under the chairmanship Ans. (b): The correct chronological order of the battles
th
of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad. Bhagat Singh, Rajguru fought in India during 18 century is as follows- Battle
and Sukhdev were executed on March 23, 1931. The of Ambur – Battle of Plassey – Battle of Wandiwash –
Non-Cooperation Movement was launched on August Battle of Buxar. The Battle of Ambur was the first
01, 1920 by the Indian National Congress (INC) under battle of the Second Carnatic War fought in 1749
the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. In 1919, Mahatma between Anwar-ud-Din, the incumbent Nawab of the
Gandhi gave a call for a non-violent Satyagraha against Carnatic and an allied army formed by the new Nizam
the unjust Rowlatt Act passed by the British Parliament.
of Hyderabad, the French, and a claimant to the
The Act restricted the freedom of expression and
Nawabship of the Carnatic. The Battle of Plassey took
strengthened the police powers. The Act empowered the
government to imprison any person suspected of place on June 23, 1757 between the forces of the East
terrorist activities for a maximum period of two years India Company, led by Robert Clive (Clive of India)
without trial. and the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daula. The Battle of
189. Which one of the following is not correctly Wandiwash was fought in 1760 AD between the
matched? French, under the Comte de Lally and the British, under
(a) The first newspaper published from India Sir Eyre Coote. The Battle of Buxar was fought in 1764
– The Bengal Gazette AD between British East India Company under Hector
Munro and the combined armies of Mir Kasim, Nawab
(b) Founder of All India Harijan Sangh
of Awadh, Shuja-ud-Daula and the Mughal Emperor
- Mahatma Gandhi Shah Alam-II.
History of Modern India 372 YCT
191. Arrange the following in chronological order and (a) 5, 2, 4, 3, 1 (b) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
select the correct answer from the codes given (c) 4, 3, 5, 2, 1 (d) 3, 5, 4, 1, 2
below: Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11
1. Chauri-Chaura incident
Ans. (c): The correct order is as follows-
2. Suspension of Non-Cooperation Movement
Formation of All India Muslim League - 1906
3. Bardoli Resolution
Transfer of capital from Calcutta to Delhi - 1911
Codes:
Beginning of First World War - 1914
(a) 1, 2, 3 (b) 2, 3, 1
Champaran Satyagraha - 1917
(c) 1, 3, 2 (d) 2, 1, 3
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre - 1919
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2001
194. Arrange the following incidents in chronological
Ans. (c): The Chauri-Chaura incident took place on order-
February 5, 1922 when a large number of protesters
A. Formation of Muslim League
participating in the Non-Cooperation Movement turned
violent, attacked and set fire a police station, killing 3 B. Formation of All India Untouchability League
civilians and 22 policemen. Hearing this incident C. Formation of All India Trade Union
Gandhi called a meeting of Congress Working D. Formation of Indian National Congress
Committee (CWC) on February 12, 1922 (popularly (a) B D A C (b) C D A B
known as Bardoli Resolution) and declared the (c) D C A B (d) D A C B
withdrawal of Non-Cooperation Movement. However
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) G.S. 2004-05
C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru strongly opposed the
suspension of this movement. Ans. (d): The Indian National Congress was founded by
A. O. Hume in 1885. W. C. Banerjee was its first
192.Consider the following events connected with
President while A. O. Hume was General Secretary of
Indian National Movement:
Indian National Congress.
1. Gandhi-Irvin Pact
The All India Muslim League popularly known as
2. Execution of Bhagat Singh
Muslim League was founded on December 30, 1906 at
3. Karachi Session of Indian National Congress, Decca (now Dhaka in Bangladesh) under the leadership
1931
of Aga Khan, the Nawab of Dhaka and Nawab Mohsin-
4. Martyrdom of Chandra Shekhar Azad ul-Mulk with the notion to safeguard the rights of
Find the correct chronological order of the events Indian Muslims. The name ‘Muslim League’ was
from the code given below : proposed by Nawab Khawaja Sir Salimullah Bahadur
Code:
and seconded by Hakim Ajmal Khan. The All India
(a) 4, 1, 2, 3 (b) 1, 2.3, 4
(c) 2, 3, 4, 1 (d) 4, 1, 3, 2 Trade Union Congress was founded in 1920 with Lala
Lajpat Rai as it’s founding President and Diwan
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007
Chaman Lal as Secretary. The All India Untouchability
Ans. (a): Chandra Shekhar Azad was martyred on League was founded by Mahatma Gandhi in 1934.
Fabruary 27, 1931 at Alfred Park in Allahabad (now
195. Arrange the following events related to Indian
Prayagraj). Gandhi-Irwin Pact took place on March 5,
National Movement in chronological order and
1931. Bhagat Singh along with Rajguru and Sukhdev
select the correct answer from the codes given
was executed on March 23, 1931. The Karachi Session
below:
of Indian National Congress under the Presidentship of
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was held on March 26-29, 1. Rowlatt Act, 1919
1931. 2. Rowlatt Satyagraha, 1919
193. Arrange the following incidents in chronological 3. Amritsar Session of Indian National Congress,
order- 1919
1. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 4. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, 1919
2. Champaran Satyagraha Codes:
3. Transfer of capital from Calcutta to Delhi (a) 1, 4, 3, 2 (b) 1, 2, 4, 3
4. Formation of All India Muslim League (c) 4, 2, 1, 3 (d) 3, 1, 4, 2
5. Beginning of First World War UP UDA/LDA (Mains) 2010

History of Modern India 373 YCT

Ans. (a): The correct order of the events related to the Select the answer from the following codes-
Indian National Movement is as follows- (a) 1, 3, 4 and 2 (b) 2, 4, 1 and 3
Rowlatt Act - March 18, 1919 (c) 3, 4, 2 and 1 (d) 4, 3, 1 and 2
Rowlatt Satyagraha - March 30, 1919
Chhattisgarh PSC (Pre) G.S. 2008
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre - April 13, 1919
Ans. (d): Champaran Satyagraha - March 12, 1917
Amritsar Session of Indian - Dec. 26-30, 1919
Demise of B. G. Tilak - August 1, 1920
National Congress
Dandi March - March 12, 1930 to April 6, 1930
196. Find out the correct order of the following events
from the given codes- Shimla Pact - June 25, 1945
1. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 199. Arrange the following events chronologically-
2. Arrest of Dr. Satyapal 1. Vernacular Press Act
3. Amritsar Session of Congress, 1919 2. Rowlatt Act
Codes: 3. Ban on Sati
(a) 2, 1, 3 (b) 1, 2, 3 4. Woods Despatch
(c) 2, 3, 1 (d) 3, 2, 1
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2002
(b) 3, 1, 2, 4
Ans. (a): Dr. Satyapal along with Saifuddin Kitchu was
arrested February, 1919 while protesting against (c) 3, 4, 1, 2
Rowlatt Act while the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre took (d) 3, 1, 4, 2
place on April 13, 1919 and the by holding its 34th UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
Session at Amritsar in December, 1919, the Indian
National Congress under the Chairmanship of Motilal Ans. (c): The events are arranged chronologically-
Nehru expressed its deep solidarity with the people Events Period
killed in the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre and condemned Ban on Sati - 1829
the massacre in the strongest of terms.
Woods Despatch - 1854
197. Consider the following events and select their
correct chronological order from the codes given Vernacular Press Act - 1878
below- Rowlatt Act - 1919
(i) Formation of Naujawan Bharat Sabha 200. Read the following events related to Indian
(ii) Formation of Swarajist Party National Movement-
(iii) The Dandi March 1. Execution of Shivramhari Rajguru
(iv) The Jallianwala Bagh tragedy
2. Gandhi-Irwin Pact
Codes:
3. Karachi Session of Indian National Congress,
(a) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii) (b) (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
1931
(c) (iv) (ii) (i) (iii) (d) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
4. Demise of Jatin Das
RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2015
Find out the correct chronological order from the
Ans. (c): The correct order of the events with their
codes given below-
respective year of occurrence is as follows-
Codes:
Events Year
(a) 2, 1, 3, 4 (b) 3, 1, 2, 4
The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre - April 13, 1919
(c) 3, 4, 1, 2 (d) 3, 1, 4, 2
Formation of Swarajist Party - 1st Jan, 1923
UP UDA/LDA Spl. (Pre) 2006
Formation of Naujawan - 1925
Ans. (*): The correct order is as follows-
Bharat Sabha
The Dandi March - March 12, 1930 Demise of Jatin Das after hunger strike of 63 days
- December 13, 1929
198. Arrange the following events chronologically-
(1) Dandi March Execution of Shivramhari Rajguru - March 23, 1931
(2) Shimla Pact Gandhi-Irwin Pact - March 5, 1931
(3) Demise of Tilak Karachi Session of Indian - March 26, 1931
(4) Champaran Satyagraha National Congress

History of Modern India 374 YCT

201.Which among the following events happened 203. Which of the following events occurred first?
earliest? (a) Lord Lytton’s Delhi Darbar
(a) Swami Dayanand established Arya Samaj (b) Santhal Revolt
(b) Dinabandhu Mitra wrote Neel Darpan (c) First Anglo-Sikh War
(c) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay wrote (d) Ilbert Bill Controversy
Anandmath UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
(d) Satyendranath Tagore became the first Indian to Ans. (c): The correct order of the events with their
respective period is as follows-
succeed in the Indian Civil Services
Event Period
Examination.
First Anglo-Sikh War - 1845-46
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2018
Santhal Revolt - 1855-56
Ans. (b): The correct order of the events with their Lord Lytton’s Delhi Darbar - January 1, 1877
respective period of occurrence is as follows-
Ilbert Bill Controversy - 1883
Swami Dayanand established Arya Samaj - 1875 204. Arrange the following events chronologically:
Dinabandhu Mitra wrote Neel Darpan - 1857-59 1. August Offer
Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya wrote - 1882 2. Cripps Mission
Anandmath 3. Quit India Movement
Satyendranath Tagore became the first - 1863 4. Desai-Liyaqat Pact
Indian to succeed in the Indian (a) 1, 2, 3, 4
(b) 1, 3, 2, 4
Civil Services Examination.
(c) 4, 1, 3, 2
202. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
(d) 3, 2, 1, 4
answer from the codes given below:
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
List-I List-II
Ans. (a): The correct order is as follows-
A. Railway Commission 1. Sir Anthony Event Period
(1901) MacDonnell August Offer - August 8, 1940
B. Famine Commission 2. Sir Colin Scott Cripps Mission - March 11, 1942
(1899) Moncrieff Quit India Movement - August 9, 1942
C. Irrigation Commission 3. Sir Andrew Frazer Desai-Liyaqat Pact - 1945
(1901) 205. Which of the following is not correctly matched?
D. Police Reform Commission 4. Sir Thomas (a) Famine in Western U.P. - 1871-72
(1902) Robertson (b) Famine in Orissa, Bengal, Bihar - 1865-66
Codes: (c) Famine in Madras, Mysore, Hyderabad -1876-78
A B C D (d) Famine in Bengal - 1943
(a) 3 1 4 2 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
(b) 3 2 1 4 Ans. (a) The correct match is as follows-
(c) 4 1 2 3 Famine (Region) Period
(d) 4 2 1 3 Famine in Western U.P. - 1860-61
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017 Famine in Orissa, Bengal, Bihar - 1865-66
Ans. (c): The correct match is as follows- Famine in Madras, Mysore, Hyderabad - 1876-78
Railway Commission (1901) - Thomas Robertson Famine in Bengal - 1943
Famine Commission (1899) - Sir Anthony 206. Which one of the following statements is not
correct about Rabindranath Tagore?
MacDonnell
(a) He sang the glories of ancient India and its
Irrigation Commission (1901) - Sir Collin Scott
culture.
Moncrieff
(b) He considered Shivaji and Guru Govind Singh
Police Reform Commission (1902) - Sir Andrew Frazer as nation builder.
History of Modern India 375 YCT
 (c) Many of his songs refute the heroism of Ans. (a): ‘Vande Mataram’ is the National Song of
Marathas. India written by Bankim Chandra Chatterji in 1882 in a
(d) He favoured the economic aspects of Swadeshi novel, Anandamath. Originally it was written in two
Movement. languages Bengali and Sanskrit. It was first sung in
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013 1896 in Calcutta Session of Indian National Congress.
Ans. (d): Rabindranath Nath Tagore was born on May The National Anthem of India ‘Jana Gana Mana’ was
7, 1861 at Calcutta. He did not favour the economic first sung on December 27, 1911 in Calcutta Session of
aspects of Swadeshi Movement. He took the burning of Indian National Congress and was adopted as National
foreign clothes as the insensate waste during the Anthem of India on January 24, 1950.
Swadeshi Movement.
210. In which year ‘Jana Gana Mana’ was adopted as
207. Which of the following statement is not correct?
National anthem of India?
(a) Dr. Annie Besant was a Theosophist
(a) 1948 (b) 1949
(b) The international headquarter of Theosophical
Society is in Madras (c) 1950 (d) 1951
(c) Swami Dayanand Saraswati founded Arya Samaj RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S. 2003
(d) Mahatma Gandhi was born at Gandhinagar Ans. (c): Kindly refer the explanation of above
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1995 question.
Ans. (d): Indian nationalist leader Mahatma Gandhi 211. With reference to Indian freedom struggle,
(Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi) was born on October which one of the following statements is NOT
2, 1869, in Porbandar, Kathiawar, India, which was then
correct?
part of the British Empire. Rest of the statements are
correct. (a) The Rowlatt Act aroused a wave of popular
208.Which one of the following statements indignation and led to the Jallianwala Bagh
is not correct? Massacre
(a) Mahatma Gandhi's auto-biography was (b) Subhas Chandra Bose formed the Forward Bloc
originally written in Gujarati Language. (c) Bhagat Singh was one of the founders of
(b) Saddler Commission is associated with Hindustan Republican Socialist Association
Education.
(d) In 1931, the Congress Session at Karachi
(c) Hindu College Calcutta is the first institution to opposed Gandhi-Irwin Pact
help in spreading English education in India.
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003
(d) Lala Lajpat Rai was never elected as President
of Indian National Congress. Ans. (*): Sardar Bhagat Singh was one of the founders
UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2013 of Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. Hence
Ans. (d): Lala Lajpat Rai formally known as ‘Sher-e- option (c) is incorrect. The Rowlatt Act aroused a wave
Punjab’ chaired Calcutta Session of Indian National of popular indignation and led to the Jallianwala Bagh
Congress held in 1920. He also authored the book Massacre. Subhas Chandra Bose formed the Forward
‘Unhappy India’. Rest of the statements are correct. Bloc. In 1931, the Congress Session at Karachi indorsed
209. Which one of the following statement is NOT Gandhi-Irwin while Jawaharlal Nehru opposed it.
correct? Hence, (d) is also incorrect.
(a) The National Song Vande Mataram was 212. Which of the following incident related to
composed by Bankimchandra Chatterji Jawaharlal Nehru does not apply?
originally in Bengali.
(a) He believed in planned development.
(b) The National Calendar of India based on Saka
era has its 1st Chaitra on 22nd March normally (b) He was against imperialism.
and 21st March in a leap year. (c) He was elected General Secretary of Congress
(c) The design of the National Flag of India was in 1939.
adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 22nd (d) He stanced towards socialism.
July, 1947.
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11
(d) The song ‘Jana-Gana-Mana’, composed
originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore Ans. (c): Jawaharlal Nehru was imprisoned for
was adopted in its Hindi version by the participating in the first Civil Disobedience campaign as
Constituent Assembly on 24th January, 1950 as general secretary of the United Provinces Congress
the National Anthem of India. Committee in 1921. His political apprenticeship with
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2003 the Congress Party lasted from 1919 to 1929. In 1923,
History of Modern India 376 YCT
he became General Secretary of the party for two years, 216.In which of the following years British
and he did so again in 1927 for another two years. He Government finally agreed to hold the Indian
was not elected as general secretary of congress in Civil Services (I.C.S.) examination
1939. Rests are correct statements. simultaneously in India and England?
213. Which of the following statements is not true for (a) 1922 (b) 1923
Jawaharlal Nehru? (c) 1924 (d) 1925
(a) He was influenced by Socialism. UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2014
(b) He was influenced by British liberalism. Ans. (a): Civil Servants for the East India Company
(c) He was influenced by Mahatma Gandhi. used to be nominated by the Directors of the Company
(d) He was influenced by German Nationalism. and thereafter trained at Haileybury College in London
and then sent to India. Following Lord Macaulay’s
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) G.S. 2006
Report of the Select Committee of British Parliament,
Ans. (d) Jawaharlal Nehru was highly influenced by the concept of a merit based modern Civil Service in
socialism. Nehru became interested in the philosophy of India was introduced in 1854. However from 1922
socialism from an early period in his life, while onwards the Indian Civil Service Examination began to
studying law in London, he was “vaguely attracted to be held in India along with England, first in Allahabad
the Fabians and socialistic ideas.” He was also
and later in Delhi with the setting up of the Federal
influenced by British liberalism and Mahatma Gandhi Public Service Commission. The Examination in
but he was not influenced by German Nationalism.
London continued to be conducted by the Civil Service
214. Which of the following events occurred last? Commission.
(a) Doctrine of lapse 217. In 19th century, the fear of extension towards
(b) Partition of Bengal India of which country was the basis of Anglo-
(c) Permanent Settlement Afghan relations?
(a) Afghanistan (b) France
(d) Subsidiary Alliance
(c) Iran (d) Russia
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000
UPPCS Spl. (Mains) G.S. 2004
Ans. (b): Policies Period Regime
Ans. (d): During the 19th century, the problem of Indo-
Permanent Settlement 1793 Lord Cornwallis Afghan relations got inextricably mixed up with the
Subsidiary Alliance 1798 Lord Wellesley Anglo-Russian rivalry. Britain was expanding colonial
Doctrine of lapse 1848 Lord Dalhousie power in West, South, and East Asia, Russia was an
expanding power in Central Asia and desired to extend
Partition of Bengal 1905 Lord Curzon its territorial control in West and East Asia. Throughout
215. Consider the following events: the 19th century, the British rulers of India feared that
1. Guruvayur Satyagraha Russia would launch an attack on India through
Afghanistan and the North Western frontier of India.
2. Vaikom Satyagraha They, therefore, wanted to keep Russia at a safe
3. Foundation of India’s Independent Labour distance from the Indian frontier. It was the basis of
Party Anglo-Afghan relations.
Select the correct chronological order of above 218. The following advertisement
events from the codes given below: THE MARVEL OF THE CENTURY
Code: THE WONDER OF THE WORLD
(a) 1, 2, 3 (b) 2, 1, 3 LIVING PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES
(c) 2, 3, 1 (d) 3, 2, 1 IN
UPPSC ACF (Pre) 2017 LIFE-SIZED REPRODUCTIONS
Ans. (b): The correct chronological is as follows- BY
Events Year of Occurrence MESSERS LUMIERE BROTHERS
Vaikom Satyagraha 1924-25 CINEMATOGRAPHIE
Guruvayur Satyagraha 1931-32 A FEW EXHIBITION WILL BE GIVEN
Foundation of India’s (1936) AT WATSON’S HOTEL
Independent Labour Party TONIGHT

History of Modern India 377 YCT

 Appeared in the Times of India dated 7th August, 223. Who among the following Gandhian followers
(a) 1931 (b) 1929 was a teacher by profession?
(c) 1921 (d) 1896 (a) A. N. Sinha (b) Braj Kishore Prasad
(c) J. B. Kriplani (d) Rajendra Prasad
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2008
Ans. (d): The first film advertisement in India appeared
Ans. (d): The follower of Mahatma Gandhi, Dr.
on July 7, 1896 when a Times of India advertisement
Rajendra Prasad was a teacher by profession. He
invited the Bombay residents to witness “The Marvel of worked as a teacher of English in Bhumihar Brahman
the century, the wonder of the world" at Watson’s College, Muzaffarpur and as a professor of Economics
Hotel. The attraction was described as “living in Calcutta City College.
photographic pictures in life-sized reproductions, by 224. Which one of the following Indian leaders was
Messrs Lumier Brothers”. It was called the dismissed by the British from the Indian Civil
Cinematograph and would be shown at 6, 7, 9 and 10 Service?
P.M. (a) Satyendranath Tagore
219. In Indian context, the attitude of 'Paternalism in (b) Surendranath Banerjee
Governance' is generally associated with - (c) R. C. Dutt
(a) Thomas Munro (b) Charles Grant (d) Subhas Chandra Bose
(c) Holtz Mackenzie (d) Macaulay IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016 Ans. (b): After graduating from the University of
Ans. (a): In the context of India, the 'Paternalism in Calcutta in 1868, Surendranath Banerjee travelled to
England along with Ramesh Chunder Dutt and Behari
Governance' is considered to be related with Thomas
Lal Gupta to compete in the Indian Civil Service
Munro, Malcolm, Elphinston and Metcalfe. examinations. He cleared the competitive examination
220. The tomb of Raja Ram Mohan Roy is in- in 1869, but was barred owing to a claim he had
(a) Calcutta (b) Patna misrepresented about his age. After clearing the matter
in the courts by arguing that he calculated his age
(c) Bristol, England (d) Canada
according to the Hindu custom of reckoning age from
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2006 the date of conception rather than from birth, Banerjee
Ans. (c): Raja Ram Mohan Roy died of meningitis in cleared the exam again in 1871 and was posted as
1833 and was buried in Bristol, England. It is worth Assistant Magistrate in Sylhet.
notable that the title of “Raja’ to Raja Ram Mohan Roy 225. The paintings of Abanindranath Tagore are
was given by Akbar-II when he was sent to London as classified as-
envoy of Akbar-II in 1830. (a) Realistic (b) Socialistic
221. When did the first census begin in India? (c) Revivalistic (d) Impressionistic
(a) 1872 (b) 1881 IAS (Pre) G.S. 1999
Ans. (c): The nephew of Rabindranath Tagore,
(c) 1891 (d) 1894
Abanindranath Tagore led the Revivalist Movement in
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1990 the field of modern Indian painting in Bengal with the
Ans. (a): The first census in India began in 1872 during help of a band of disciples such as Nandlal Bose, A. K.
the regime of Lord Mayo while the first regular census Halder, K. N. Majumdar, S. N. Gupta and a host of
in India began in 1881 during the regime of Lord Ripon. others. The first major exponent of Swadeshi values in
Indian art, he is known to have founded the Bengal
222.Who among the following was offered School of Art Neo-Bengal School. He was also a noted
membership of the Royal Asiatic Society of writer and known as ‘Aban Thakur’. His paintings are
Paris? classified as revivalistic.
(a) Dadabhai Naoroji 226. Who among the following suggested the winding
(b) Michael Madhusudan Dutta up of the Indian National Congress after India
attained independence?
(c) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(a) C. Rajagopalachari (b) Acharya Kripalani
(d) Vivekanand
(c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Jayaprakash Narayan
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
Ans. (b): Michael Madhusudan Dutta was offered
UPPCS Spl. (Pre) G.S. 2004
membership of Royal Asiatic Society of Paris.
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2004-05
History of Modern India 378 YCT
Ans. (c): Mahatma Gandhi believed that the aim of Ans. (d): Jawaharlal Nehru was the most outspoken
Indian National Congress was to fight for the freedom advocate of industrialization in the early years of Indian
and liberation of India from the shackles of the British independence. An ardent believer in modern science
and it should be winded up after India attained the and socialism, he believed that industrialization held the
freedom. key to India’s success as an independent nation. In
227. Of the four forms of political protests mentioned promoting industrialization, Nehru departed from the
below, which one is derived from the name of the course taken by his predecessor, Mahatma Gandhi. In
person who used it as a political weapon for the Gandhi’s vision for independent India, the village
first time? would serve as the basis for Indian life. Indian society
would have none of the dehumanizing bigness
(a) Boycott (b) Gherao
of industrialization. He advocated for handloom and
(c) Bandh (d) Hartal
small scale industries. Nehru disagreed with the central
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996 tenets of Gandhian economics.
Ans. (a): The term boycott as a political tool was 231. Who was the author of Jhanda Geet (flag song)?
popularized by Charles Stewart Parnel to Ostracise a (a) Rabindranath Tagore
British estate manager Charles Cunningham Boycott.
(b) Ramdhari Singh Dinkar
228. “Indian cotton merchant, banker, Congressman
(c) Shyamlal Gupta (Parshad)
and a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi.” This
description fits on - (d) Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi
(a) G. D. Birla (b) M.R. Jayakar UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2004
(c) Jamnalal Bajaj (d) V. S. Srinivasa Sastri Ans. (c): The author of Jhanda Geet (flag song) “Vijayi
Vishwa Tiranga Pyara” is Shyamlal Gupta (Parshad).
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1993
232. The great poet, Rabindranath Tagore emerged
Ans. (c): Jamnalal Bajaj was an Indian cotton merchant,
as a great painter at the age of-
banker, Congressman and a close associate and follower
of Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi is known to have adopted (a) 7 Years (b) 20 Years
him as his son. He founded the Dakshin Bharat Hindi (c) 50 Years (d) 70 Years
Prachar Sabha (university) along with C. UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2003
Rajagopalachari in hopes of spreading the learning of Ans. (d) The great poet, Rabindranath Tagore emerged
Hindi across the country. Due to his devotion, he was as a great painter at the age of 70 years. He has been
elected the chief of the Jaipur Rajya Praja Mandal in awarded Noble prize for literature in 1913. The British
1938. In honour of his social initiatives the Jamnalal King George-V awarded him the title of ‘Sir’ in 1915.
Bajaj Award has been instituted by the Bajaj 233. Even after the merger of other kingdoms in
Foundation. He was awarded Padma Bhushan in 1967. India, which three states delayed joining India?
He died in 1983. (a) Junagarh, Mysore, Jammu and Kashmir
229. After the sentence of B.G. Tilak, who among the (b) Junagarh, Hyderabad, Jammu and Kashmir
following had pleaded for mercy and said: "My (c) Udaypur, Kapurthala, Jammu and Kashmir
interest in Tilak is that of a Sanskrit scholar."? (d) Hyderabad, Udaypur, Travancore
(a) Rabindranath Tagore (b) Max Muller
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1998
(c) Bipinchandra Pal (d) William Jones Ans. (b): Junagarh, Hyderabad, Jammu and Kashmir
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014 delayed joining India even after the merger of other
Ans. (b): After the sentence of Bal Gangadhar Tilak Pricely States in India. The estate of Junagarh signed
Max Muller pleaded for mercy and said “My interest in the Instrument of Accession on November 9, 1948,
Tilak is that of a Sanskrit scholar.” Nizam of Hyderabad singed the Instrument of
230. Which of the following was advocated by Nehru Accession on October 26, 1948 and Raja Hari Singh of
Jammu and Kashmir signed the Instrument of
but not by Gandhiji?
Accession on October 26, 1947.
(a) Truth
234. Jammu and Kashmir became an integral part of
(b) Non-Violence India on-
(c) Untouchability (a) 26 October, 1948 (b) 26 November, 1948
(d) Heavy industrialization (c) 26 October, 1947 (d) None of the above
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2006 MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2008
History of Modern India 379 YCT
Ans. (c): Kindly refer the explanation of above 238.The statement “Nehru is patriot while Jinnah is
question. politician” was made by-
th
235. 26 October, 1947 is an important date in the (a) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
Indian history, because of- (b) Maulana Azad
(a) Maharaja Hari Singh’s signing of Instrument of (c) Sir Mohammad Iqbal
Accession (d) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan
(b) Ceasefire with Pakistan UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994
(c) Merger of Sindh Ans. (c): Kindly refer the explanation of above
(d) Declaration of war over India by Pakistan question.
UPSC CDS Ist 2010 239. The Indian Foreign Policy of Non- Alignment
Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above was initiated by-
question. (a) Jawaharlal Nehru (b) Mrs. Indira Gandhi
236. Who was the first Indian to go to jail while (c) Lal Bahadur Shastri (d) Morarji Desai
discharging the duty of journalist? UPPCS (Mains) G.S. IInd 2014
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak Ans. (a): The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji group of states that are not formally aligned with or
(c) Motilal Ghosh against any major power block. Following were the
(d) Surendra Nath Banerjee persons/countries related to Non-Alignment policy- The
Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, the
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1997
President of Egypt, Nasir and the President of
Ans. (d): Surendranath Banerjee one of the founding Czechoslovakia, Marshal Josip Broz Tito.
fathers of the national movement, became the first
240. Bhagat Singh’s memorial is situated at-
Indian to go to jail in performance of his duty as a
journalist. A dispute concerning a family idol called (a) Ferozpur (b) Amritsar
‘Saligram’ had come up before Justice Norris of the (c) Ludhiana (d) Gurudaspur
Calcutta High Court. To decide the age of the idol, UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2012
Norris ordered it to be brought to the Court and Ans. (a): Bhagat Singh along with Rajguru and
pronounced that it could not be a hundred years old. Sukhdev were executed on March 23, 1931 at Lahore.
This Action deeply hurt the sentiments of the Bengali The memorial of Bhagat Singh is situated in Ferozpur
Hindus. Banerjee wrote an angry editorial in the on the coast of Satluj River. The memorial is known as
‘Bengalee’ of April 2, 1883. Comparing Norris with the the National Martyrs Memorial. It is also series as
notorious Jeffreys and Seroggs (British judges in the memorial of Rajguru & Sukhdev.
17th century, notorious for infamous conduct as judges), 241. The Samadhis of Kasturba and Mahadev Desai
he said that Norris had done enough ‘to show how are situated in the premises of
unworthy he is of his high office.’ Immediately, the (a) Agha Khan Palace, Poona
High Court hauled him up for contempt of court before (b) Yerwada Jail
a bench of five judges, four of them Europeans. With (c) Ahmadnagar Fort Jail
the Indian judge, Romesh Chandra Mitra, dissenting, (d) Alipur Central Jail
the bench convicted and sentenced him to two months
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011
imprisonment.
Ans. (a): Mahatma and other prominent leaders of
237. “Nehru is a patriost while Jinnah is politician”
Indian National Congress got arrested on August 9,
the statement belongs to-
1942 just after launching the Quit India Movement. In
(a) Sardar Patel (b) Mohammad Iqbal protest to suppressive policies of British, Gandhi
(c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) Maulana Azad launched his 21 days hunger strike on February 10,
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1991 1943 at Agha Khan Palace, Poona. On May 6, 1943
Ans. (b): Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru is his book 'Discovery of Gandhi was released by the British Government on the
India', mentioned that Iqbal once said, "what is there is basis of poor health condition. Kasturba Gandhi
common between Jinnah and you? He is a politician and Mahadev Desai (Personal Secretary of Gandhi) died
you are a patriot". Hence, the correct answer to the during their captivity period in the Agha Khan palace
question is option (b). and have their Samadhis located over there.
History of Modern India 380 YCT
242. The Samadhi of Kasturba Gandhi is situated in- 1979. After that Charan Singh became the Prime
(a) in the premises of Alipur Central Jail Minister with the support of Indira Gandhi (Congress)
(b) in the premises of Ahmednagar Fort Jail but due to the announcement of withdrawal of support
(c) in the premises of Agha Khan Palace, Poona by the Congress, Charan Singh had to resign on August
20, 1979 without facing Lok Sabha's No Confidence
(d) in the premises of Yerwada Jail
Voting. Due to withdrawal of support of Bhartiya Janata
UPPCS Spl. (Mains) G.S. Ist 2008 Party, the government of V. P. Singh fell down and on
Ans. (c): Kindly refer the explanation of above November 10, 1990 Chandreshekhar Rao became the
question. Prime Minister with the outer support of Congress. But
243. Who among the following termed Gandhiji’s his government too fell down on March 5, 1991 after
movement ‘political ransom’? the Congress withdrew its support. Like this H. D. Deve
(a) Lord Chelmsford Gowda became the Prime Minister with the support of
Congress and CPI (M) but on March 30, 1997 his
(b) Lord Wavell
government too fell down due to withdrawal of support
(c) Lord Linlithgow by Congress.
(d) Lord Montague
247.Who among the following said “The most
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007 important achievement of British rule was the
Ans. (c) The British Viceroy, Lord Linlithgow termed integration of India”?
Gandhiji’s movement as ‘political ransom’. (a) K. M. Panikkar (b) M. N. Srivastava
244. Who of the following had called Mohammad Ali (c) Rajani Kothari (d) Yogendra Singh
Jinnah as 'Ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity'? UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004
(a) Annie Besant Ans. (a): K. M. Panikkar said “The most important
(b) Sarojini Naidu achievement of British rule was the integration of
(c) Balgangadhar Tilak India”.
(d) None of the above 248. ‘Operation Polo’ is related to-
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2004 (a) Quit India Movement
Ans. (b): Sarojini Naidu called Mohammad Ali Jinnah (b) Civil Disobedience Movement
as ‘Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity’. In the early (c) Military Action in Junagarh state
stage of his political career Jinnah was the member of (d) Military Action in Hyderabad state
Indian National Congress but later he became an Active
UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2013
member of Muslim League.
Ans. (d): Operation Polo is the code name of the
245. Who among the following termed Mohammad Hyderabad "police Action" in September 1948, by the
Ali Jinnah an 'Ambassador of Hindu Muslim newly independent India against the Hyderabad State. It
Unity’? was a military operation in which the Indian Armed
(a) Sarojini Naidu (b) Annie Besant Forces invaded the Nizam-ruled princely state,
annexing it into the Indian Union. By the order of the
(c) Rajkumari Amritkaur (d) Aruna Asafali
then Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister, Sardar
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000 Vallabhbhai Patel the Indian army successfully invaded
Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above Hyderabad under Operation Polo from September 13 to
question. 18, 1948.
246. It was withdrawal of support by the Congress (I) 249.Who established Satyagraha Ashram at Wardha?
which was responsible for the resignation of- (a) Vinoba Bhave
(a) Charan Singh (b) Chandra Shekhar (b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) H. D. Deve Gowda (d) All of the above (c) Jamanalal Bajaj
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2004 (d) Alladi Krishnaswami Iyer
Ans. (d): In the general elections of February, 1977 the Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11
Janta Party had captured 330 out of 542 seats and Ans. (a) At the request of Shri Jamanlal Bajaj, Achraya
Morarji Desai became the Prime Minister of India on Vindoa Bhave came to Wardha in 1921 where he set up
March 23, 1977. Due to having minority in the Lok a branch of the Satyagrah Ashram as Requested by
Sabha Morarji Desai government resigned on July 15, Jamanalal Bajaj.
History of Modern India 381 YCT
250. The first Law Minister of independent India (a) Bihar famine, 1873
was- (b) Rajputana famine, 1868-69
(a) M. C. Sitalwad (b) B. R. Ambedkar (c) Madras presidency famine, 1866-67
(c) Kailashnath Katju (d) Rafi Ahmed Kidwai (d) Odisha famine, 1866-67
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2006 UP RO/ARO (Mains) 2013
Ans. (b): Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, popularly Ans. (d): The Orissa famine of 1866-67 also called ‘Sea
known as Babasaheb Ambedkar was the first Law of Calamity’ affected the east coast of India
Minister of independent India. He had served on the from Madras northwards, an area covering 180,000 sq
Law Minister post from August 15, 1947 to September,
miles and containing a population of 4.7 cr. the impact
1951.
of the famine. However, was greatest in Odisha, which
251. Rabindranath Tagore died in- at that time was quite isolated from the rest of India. In
(a) 1869 (b) 1911 Odisha, one third of the population died due to famine.
(c) 1941 (d) 1765 255. Alipore Central Jail is located in-
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2006 (a) Mumbai (b) Kolkata
Ans. (c): Popularly known as ‘Gurudev’, Rabindranath (c) Chennai (d) Delhi
Tagore was a great litterateur and freedom fighter. He Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
was born in 1861 in Bengal. He emerged as a great
painter at the age of 70 years. He died on August 7, Ans. (b): The Alipore Central Jail is located in Calcutta
1941 at the age of 80 years. (Kolkata) Arthur Road Central Jail is located in
Mumbai, Tihar Central Jail is located in Delhi and
252. The real name of Sarala Bahan was-
Chennai Central Jail is located in Chennai.
(a) Catherine Heilman
256. Who was the first Indian Speaker of Central
(b) Nightingale Florence
Legislative Assembly?
(c) Annie Besant
(a) Sir Hari Singh Gour
(d) None of the above
(b) Vitthal Bhai J. Patel
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2004-05
(c) Vallabhbhai J. Patel
Ans. (a): Born as Catherine Mary Heilman, Sarala
(d) Purushottam Das Tandon
Bahan was an English Gandhian social activist whose
Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2006
work in the Kumaon region of Uttarakhand,
India helped create awareness about the environmental Ans. (b): Vitthal Bhai Patel was elected to the Central
destruction in the Himalayan forests of the state. She Legislative Assembly, a chamber of elected and
played a key role in the evolution of the Chipko appointed Indian and British representatives with
Movement and influenced a number of Gandhian limited legislative powers in 1923 and in 1925 he
environmentalists in India including Chandi Prasad became the Speaker of the Assembly.
Bhatt, Bimala bahan and Sunderlal Bahuguna. She 257. Who amongst the following had called
founded ‘Lakshmi Ashram’ at Kausani, Uttarakhand. Rabindranath Tagore as ‘The Great Sentinel’?
253. The merger of states took place under- (a) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(a) Maulana Azad (b) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Govind Ballabh Pant (c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(c) B. R. Ambedkar (d) Subhas Chandra Bose
(d) Sardar Patel UP UDA/LDA (Mains) 2010
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2002-03 Ans. (b): Mahatma Gandhi had called Rabindranath
Ans. (d): The merger of states in India took place under Tagore as ‘The Great Sentinel.’
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel with the support of V. P. 258. The year of Bengal Famine in which millions of
Menon and Lord Mountbatten. people died is-
254.Which of the following famines has been termed (a) 1942 (b) 1943
as 'Sea of Calamity' in the nineteenth century in (c) 1944 (d) 1945
India? UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2013
History of Modern India 382 YCT
Ans. (b): The Bengal Famine of 1943 was a major 263. What was the common relationship between
famine of Bengal province in British Katherine Mayo, Aldous Huxley, Charles
India during World War II. An estimated 2.5 to 3 Andrews and William Digby?
million out of a population of 60.3 million died (a) They wrote commentaries on the condition of
of starvation, or of Malaria and other diseases India during the British rule
aggravated by malnutrition, population displacement, (b) They were supporters of the Indian National
unsanitary conditions and lack of health care. Movement
259. Who said, ‘Imperialism’ is dead as ‘Dodo’? (c) They were opponents of the Indian National
(a) Ramsay Macdonald Movement
(b) Winston Churchill (d) They were friends of Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Clement Attlee BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2015
(d) Lord Wavell Ans. (a): Katherine Mayo, Aldous Huxley, Charles
Andrews and William Digby wrote commentaries on
UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2008
the condition of India during the British rule.
Ans. (c): After the Second World War, when the phase 264. By passing one of the following orders in 1932,
of election of Parliament began in Britain, the leader
the All India Congress Committee was declared
Clement Attlee of Labour Party took the majority by
adopting anti-imperialist policies. In his parliamentary illegal, the order is-
speech he said ‘the Imperialism is dead as Dodo’. (a) Unlawful Association Ordinance
260. Who was the first Speaker to discard the official (b) Violation of peace law
wig and presided over the House wearing the (c) Executive authority ordinance
Gandhi cap?
(d) Special ordinance of Viceroy
(a) Satyanarayan Sinha
BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2003-04
(b) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Ans. (a): On January 4, 1932, under the 'Unlawful
(c) G. V. Mavalankar
Association Ordinance' the Congress and its affiliates
(d) Sanjiva Reddy were declared illegal and their houses, offices and
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2010 properties were seized.
Ans. (c): G.V. Mavalankar was the first Speaker to 265. The August, 1923 session of Banaras Hindu
discard the official wig and presided over the House Mahasabha was presided over by-
wearing the Gandhi cap. (a) Swami Shraddhananda
261. The first declared war between India and (b) Rajendra Prasad
Pakistan was fought in- (c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(a) 1962 (b) 1965 (d) Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya
(c) 1966 (d) 1971 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 1999
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2008 Ans. (a): The Hindu Mahasabha was founded in 1915
Ans. (b): The first declared war between India and to bring together the diverse local Hindu movements
Pakistan began for Rann of Kutch in April, 1965. But first which had roots in North Indian public life, reaching
war of India and Pakistan was the first Kashmir war, but it back as far as the previous century. It was remodelled
was not declarared war. much on the lines of the Congress in the early 1920s by
its founders including UP's Pandit Madan Mohan
262. When was Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar born and
Malviya. The first Chairman of Hindu Mahasabha was
when he died?
Maharaj Manik Chandra. The August, 1923 session of
(a) 1886, 1951 (b) 1891, 1956 Hindu Mahasabha was presided over by Swami
(c) 1877, 1961 (d) 1889, 1961 Shraddhananda.
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1992 266. Who was close to Mahatma Gandhi during
Ans. (b): The first Law Minister of independent India, Noakhali period?
Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar was born on April 14, 1891 in (a) Nirmal Kumar Bose
Mhow in the Central Provinces (modern-day Madhya (b) Mahadev Desai
Pradesh) to a Marathi family with roots in Ambadawe
(c) Pyare Lal
town of Ratnagiri, Maharashtra. He was appointed to
the Rajya Sabha in 1952 and remained a member till his (d) Vallabhbhai Patel
death in 1956 in Delhi. BPSC (Pre) 1996
History of Modern India 383 YCT
Ans. (a): Nirmal Kumar Bose was Gandhi ji's private 269. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
secretary during his Noakhali tour in 1946-47. Hence, answer by using the codes given below the lists :
the correct answer to the question should be options (a). List-I List-II
267. Who among the following ladies was the first to A. Khilafat Movement 1. Bal Gangadhar
unfurl the Indian Tricolour? Tilak
(a) Aruna Asaf Ali
B. Home Rule Movement 2. Ali Brothers
(b) Bhikaji Cama
C. Civil Disobedience 3. Nana Patil
(c) Durga Bhabhi
Movement
(d) Kamla Devi Chattopadhyay
D. Quit India Movement 4. B. R. Ambedkar
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2010
Ans. (b): Bhikaiji Rustom Cama, also known as 5. Mahatma Gandhi
Madame Cama was an independence Activist. She Code:
played a crucial role in the Indian freedom struggle A B C D
abroad and was known as the ‘Mother of the Indian
(a) 1 5 3 4
Revolution’. The remarkable event took place
on August 22, 1907. The ‘Socialist Congress’ was (b) 2 1 5 3
taking place at Stuttgart in Germany. Madame Cama (c) 3 1 5 4
attended it and informed people of the terrible famine (d) 1 2 4 3
that had struck India and caused so many avoidable
deaths. She also appealed for equality, human rights and UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2002
autonomy from Britain. She also unfurled the flag of Ans. (b): The correct match is as follows -
Indian Independence’ thus becoming the first person to
hoist India’s flag on foreign soil. Khilafat Movement Ali Brothers
268. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct Home Rule Movement Bal Gangadhar Tilak
answer by using the codes given below the lists :
List-I List-II Civil Disobedience Mahatma Gandhi
A. Annie Besant 1. Home Rule Movement
Movement Quit India Movement Nana Patil
B. Dr. Rajendra Prasad 2. Champaran
270. In 1908, the sentence for imprisonment of 6 years
Satyagraha
C. Jawaharlal Nehru 3. Lucknow Session was given to which extremist leader of the
freedom struggle?
of Indian National
Congress, 1916 (a) Bipin Chandra Pal (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
D. Ambika Charan 4. Lahore Session (c) Lala Lajpat Rai (d) Aurobindo Ghosh
Majumdar of Indian National Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2009-10
Congress, 1929 Ans. (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak was an extremist leader
Code: who published ‘Maratha’ (in English) and ‘Kesari’ (in
Marathi). Influenced by his writings the Chapekar
A B C D
brothers killed Officer Rand. B. G. Tilak was sentenced
(a) 1 2 4 3 for imprisonment of 6 years in 1908.
(b) 1 2 3 4 271. Which among the following was not moderate?
(c) 4 3 2 1
(a) Firoz Shah Mehta
(d) 3 2 1 4
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Ans. (a): The correct match is as follows-
(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Annie Besant - Home Rule Movement
Dr. Rajendra Prasad - Champaran Satyagraha Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2009-10
Jawaharlal Nehru - Lahore Session of Indian Ans. (d): The Surat session of Indian National Congress
(INC) was held in 1907 under the Chairmanship of Dr.
National Congress, 1929
Ras Behari Bose in which the INC got split in two parts,
Ambika Charan Majumdar - Lucknow Session of
the extremists and the moderates. Dadabhai Naoroji,
Indian National Womesh Chandra Bannerjee, G. Subramanya Aiyer,
Congress, 1916 Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Sir Surendranath Banerjee,
History of Modern India 384 YCT
Rash Behari Ghosh, R. C. Dutt, M. G. Ranade, third President of the Indian National Congress. He was
Pherozeshah Mehta, P. R. Naidu, Madan Mohan the first Muslim President of Indian National Congress
Malaviya, Ananda Charlu, S Subramania Iyer and elected in 1887 (Madras).
William Wedderburn are the moderate leaders of 274. Consider the following statements about Madam
Congress. Bal Gangadhar Tilak was an extremist leader. Bhikaji Cama :
272. Which of the following movements drew women 1. Madam Cama unfurled the National Flag at
out from the seclusion of home? the international Socialist Conference in
Select the correct answer from the codes given Paris in the year 1907.
below-
2. Madam Cama served as private secretary to
1. Swadeshi Movement Dadabhai Naoroji.
2. Home Rule Movement
3. Madam Cama was born to Parsi parents.
3. Non-Cooperation Movement
Which of the statements given above is/are
4. Civil Disobedience Movement
correct?
Codes:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2 and 3, only
(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 4 only
(c) 1 and 2, only (d) 3 only
(c) 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2006
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2012
Ans. (b): Bhikaji Cama was born to Sorabji Framji
Ans. (d): All of the above mentioned movements drew Patel and Jaijibai Patel on September 24, 1861 at
women out from the seclusion of home. It is worth Bombay. She belonged to an affluent Gujarati-speaking
notable that women came out of the seclusion of home Parsi family. In 1907 while attending Socialist Congress
for the first time in 1905 during Swadeshi Movement. at Stuttgart (Germany) Madam Bhikaji Cama unfurled
273. Which of the following pairs are correctly the first Indian national flag designed by her. This flag
matched? was the precursor of the flag of Independent India. The
1. Theodore Beck : Mohammadan Anglo- only difference that came later was the use of red
Oriental College, instead of orange. Hence statement (1) is incorrect. In
Aligarh London, she came in touch with several Indian
2. Ilbert Bill : Ripon independence activists such as Shyamji Krishna Verma,
Dadabhai Naoroji and Singh Rewabhai Rana. She
3. Pherozshah Mehta : Indian National
started working as private secretary of Dadabhai
Congress.
Naoroji.
4. Badruddin Tyabji : Muslim League
275. Consider the following statements about
Select the correct answer using the codes given Jawaharlal Nehru:
below-
1. He was the President of the Congress Party
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 2 and 4 in 1947.
(c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2 and 3 2. He presided over the Constituent Assembly.
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998 3. He formed the first Congress Ministry in
Ans. (d): Theodore Beck was a British educationalist United Province before India’s
independence.
working for the British Raj in India, who was invited
Of these statements-
by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan to serve as the Principal of
(a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct (b) 1 and 3 are correct
the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College in Aligarh
after Mr. H.G.I. Siddon resigned due to poor health in (c) 1 and 2 are correct (d) None is correct
1883 AD. Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College later IAS (Pre) G.S. 1996
evolved into the Aligarh Muslim University. The Ilbert Ans. (d): The President of the Congress party in 1947
Bill was introduced in 1883, by Lord Ripon. Pherozshah was Acharya J. B. Kripalani not Jawaharlal Nehru.
Mehta was a moderate leader of Indian National Hence statement (1) is incorrect. The Constituent
Congress. He served as the President of Indian National Assembly was presided over by Dr. Rajendra Prasad not
Congress in 1890. Badruddin Tyabji was a by Jawaharlal Nehru. Hence statement (2) is also
prominent lawyer, Activist and politician from British incorrect and Govind Ballabh Pant formed the first
India. Tyabji was the first Indian to practice as a Congress Ministry in United Province before India’s
barrister in the High Court of Bombay and served as the independence. Hence statement (3) is also incorrect.

History of Modern India 385 YCT

276. Which of the following were under Portuguese Ans. (c): In April, 29 1939 Subhash Chandra Bose left
suzerainty and control before independence- Congress and on May 3, 1939 he established the
1. Dadra and Nagar Haveli “Forward Bloc” of the Indian National Congress. Bose
became the President of the Forward Bloc and S. S.
2. Pondicherry
Cavesheer its Vice-President. Chandra Sekhar Azad
3. Lakshadweep was the sole remaining absconder of the Kakori
4. Daman and Diu Conspiracy of 1925. He led the remaining revolutionaries
Select the correct answer with the help of given and on September 9-10, 1928 at Feroz Shah Kotla Maidan
codes: of Delhi, he along with Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev,
Batukeshwar Dutt, and Rajguru founded the Hindustan
(a) 1, 2 (b) 2, 3
Socialist Republican Association.
(c) 1, 4 (d) 2, 4
279. Who is regarded as the Pioneer of Irrigation
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2004 works in South India?
Ans. (c): Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Goa and Daman and (a) Sir Arthur Cotton (b) Col. Baird Smith
Diu were under Portuguese suzerainty and control before
(c) Lt. Blaine (d) Col. Robert Smith
independence while Pondicherry and Lakshadweep were
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2016
under French suzerainty and control.
Ans. (a): Sir Arthur Cotton is regarded as the ‘Pioneer
277. Consider the following events connected with
of Irrigation’ works in South India.
Indian National Congress:
280. Consider the following passage:
1. Lahore Session of Indian National Congress
(1929) "Born in 1853 he was a Parsi from Western
India. He was the editor of "Indian Spectator"
2. Gandhi Irwin pact
and "Voice of India". He was a social reformer
3. Karachi Session of Indian National Congress and was the chief crusader for the Age of
4. Execution of Rajguru Consent Act 1819."
Select the correct chronological order of the Who is being described in the above paragraph?
events from the code given below: (a) Dadabhai Naoroji (b) B. M. Malabari
Codes: (c) B. P. Wadia (d) Naoroji Furdunji
(a) 1, 2, 4, 3 (b) 2, 1.3,4 UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2016
(c) 4, 3, 2, 1 (d) 1,2,3,4 Ans. (b): Born in May 18, 1853 in Baroda (present day
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2011 Vadodara) Berahamji M. Malabari was a social
reformer and the chief crusader for the Age of Consent
Ans. (a): The correct chronological order of the above
Act, 1891 who campaigned all his life against child
mentioned events is as follows-
marriage and “enforced widowhood”. He founded the
Lahore Session of Indian National Congress (1929) Seva Sadan as a social reform and humanitarian
- December 29-31, 1929 organization in 1885. His life work began in 1880 when
Gandhi-Irwin Pact - March 5, 1931 he acquired the Indian Spectator, an English language
daily which he edited for twenty years until it was
Execution of Rajguru - March 23, 1931
merged into the Voice of India, which Malabari had
Karachi Session of Indian - March 29, 1931 already been editing together with Dadabhai
National Congress Naoroji and William Wedderburn since 1883. In 1901
278. Consider the following statements and select the he became editor of the monthly ‘East and West’, a
correct answer from the given code- position he held until shortly before his death on July
12, 1912 at Shimla.
1. Subhash Chandra Bose founded Forward Bloc.
281. Which among the following year Surendra Nath
2. Bhagat Singh was one among the founders of
Bannerjee was terminated from Indian Civil
Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. Services?
Code: (a) 1874 AD (b) 1877 AD
(a) only 1 (b) Only 2 (c) 1885 AD (d) 1892 AD
(c) 1 and 2 (d) None of the above (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2008 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017
History of Modern India 386 YCT
Ans. (a): Surendra Nath Bannerjee was eliminated from C. Excluding Indians from 3. Increase of
the post of Assistant Magistrate of Sylhet in 1874. It is Government Jobs home charges
worth notable that Surendra Nath Banerjee was the
second to pass the Indian Civil Services Exams. D. Wars and conquests 4. Alienation of the
282.William James, Henry Colebrooke and Nathaniel Indian middle
Halhed had which of the following common Class
among them? Codes:
(a) They were critics of Indian culture and A B C D
civilization
(a) 3 4 1 2
(b) They were judges at the courts of the East India (b) 3 1 4 2
Company
(c) 2 1 4 3
(c) They were professors teaching' history and (d) 2 4 1 3
society of South Asia
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2012
(d) They were linguists who tried to interpret the
culture of South Asia to the East India Company Ans. (c): The correct match is as follows-
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2014 British Policy Consequence
Ans. (d): Henry Thomas Colebrooke and Nathaniel Agrarian Settlements - Famines and popular
Halhed were busy discovering the ancient Indian rebellions
heritage, mastering Indian languages and translating Divide and Rule - Partition
Sanskrit and Persian works into English. Together with
them, Jones set up the Asiatic Society of Bengal in Excluding Indians from - Alienation of the Indian
1784, and started a journal called ‘Asiatic Researches’. Government Jobs middle class
William James, Henry Colebrooke and Nathaniel Wars and conquests - Increase of home charges
Halhed were linguists who tried to interpret the culture
of South Asia to the East India Company. 285. Who among the following had written to the
Viceroy, "The Congress is as much opposed to
283. The first major boost to modern industry in
India happened in the 1860s. It was a direct victory for Nazism as any British can be. But
result of their objective cannot be carried to the extent of
(a) The demand created in America because of the their participation in the war”?
Civil War (a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) The demand created in Europe because of the (b) Mahatma Gandhi
Civil War in America
(c) J. B. Kriplani
(c) The decline in competition from the cotton,
mills of Lancashire and Manchester (d) C Rajagopalachari
(d) The support of government to industries in India UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2012
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2013 Ans. (b): "The Congress is as much opposed to victory
Ans. (b) The first major boost to modern industry in for Nazism as any British can be. But their objective
India happened in the 1860s. It was the direct result of cannot be carried to the extent of their participation in
the demand created in Europe because of the Civil War the war”. The statement was written by Mahatma
in America. India was the best choice to meet the Gandhi in a letter to Viceroy of India.
demand. At the same time in 1853, Cowasji Dabur had 286. Consider the following statements:
established a modern cotton textile factory in Bombay 1. The Indian cities like Decca, Murshidabad
and to manufacture goods from jute, the first jute and Surat were known, all over the world as
factory was established in 1859 at a place called Rishra centers of trade and industry in the pre-
near Kolkata. colonial period.
284. Match List I with List II and select the correct 2. Such centers of trade and industry went
answer using the code given below. down in the face of foreign competition in the
List-I List-II colonial period.
(British Policy) (Consequence)
3. Indian artisan, manufacturers and weavers
A. Agrarian Settlements 1. Partition were provided alternative employment by the
B. Divide and Rule 2. Famines and British Indian government after the decline
popular rebellions of these centers of trade.
History of Modern India 387 YCT
 Which of the statements given above is/are not 289. Who among the following was not associated
correct? with the art of painting?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 (a) Abanindranath Tagore
(c) 3 only (d) 1 only (b) Abdur Rahman Chaghatai
(c) Nandlal Bose
UPSC CAPF G.S. Ist 2009
(d) Satish Chandra Mukherjee
Ans. (c): The Indian cities like Decca, Murshidabad and
UPSC CDS Ist 2013
Surat were known, all over the world as centers of trade
and industry in the pre-colonial period. But as soon as Ans. (d): Satish Chandra Mukherjee was a pioneer in
the colonial period came, the trade and industry here establishing a system of national education in India,
started moving towards the downward direction in along with Sri Aurobindo Ghosh. Founder-editor of
comparison to foreign competition. Due to this the the ‘Dawn’ magazine (1897–1913), an organ of Indian
number of unemployed increased because alternative Nationalism, in 1902 Satish Chandra Mukherjee
employment to the Indian artisans, manufacturers and organised the "Dawn Society" of culture, to protest
weavers was not provided. against the report of the Indian Universities
Commission, representing the inadequate university
287. Which of the following is a correct statement
education imposed by the Government to fabricate
about the Mughal and Ottoman empires in the
clerks for the merchant offices. He was not associated
sixteenth century?
with the art of painting.
(a) Both of these empires had powerful navies that
engaged European navies. 290. Which one among the following statements is
correct?
(b) Both of these empires expanded through the use
of gunpowder weapons and extensive (a) The revolt of 1857 was not supported by Nizam
bureaucracies. of Hyderabad.
(c) Both of these empires gave little monetary (b) Dinabandhu Mitra was the author of the book,
support to artistic and cultural endeavors. Unhappy India.
(d) In both of these empires the majority of the (c) The Scindhias of Gwalior gave shelter to the
people were Muslims. Rani of Jhansi.
(d) Mangal Pandey led the sepoys March to Delhi.
UPSC APFC/EPFO 2012
UPSC CDS Ist 2012
Ans. (b): Mughal and Ottoman both the empires
expanded through the use of gunpowder weapons and Ans. (a): The Indian Rebellion of 1857 is also called
extensive bureaucracies during the sixteenth century. the Indian Mutiny, the Sepoy Mutiny, North India's
First War of Independence or North India's first struggle
288. Consider the following :
for independence. It began on May 10, 1857 at Meerut,
‘India would be far more reliable as a base for
as a mutiny of sepoys of the British East India
operations. Moreover the prospect of a settlement
Company's army. Several Indian rulers such as Scindia
will be greatly enhanced by the disappearance of
of Gwalior, Holkars of Indore, Nizam of Hyderabad and
Gandhi, who had for years torpedoed every
rulers of Patiala took the side of the British. Bahadur
attempt at a settlement.’
Shah Zafar led the revolt in Delhi.
The above statement was made by the British in
291. Who was the leading exponent of the
the context of :
‘Chaukhambha Theory’?
(a) Kheda Satyagraha
(b) Civil Disobedience Movement (a) M. G. Ranade (b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Quit India Movement (c) Ram Manohar Lohia (d) Annie Besant
(d) Non-Cooperation Movement Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016
UPSC CDS Ist 2013 Ans. (c): Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia was an Indian
Ans. (c): ‘India would be far more reliable as a base for freedom fighter, intense thinker and socialist politician.
operations. Moreover the prospect of a settlement will be He was the foremost theorist of ‘Chaukhambha theory’.
greatly enhanced by the disappearance of Gandhi, who had One of his books is 'Guilty Men of India’s Partition'.
for years torpedoed every attempt at a settlement.’ The 292. Which one of the following combinations of year
statement was made by the British in the context of and event concerning the French Revolution is
Gandhi’s role during Quit India Movement. correctly matched?
History of Modern India 388 YCT
 (a) 1789 : Napoleonic Code Ans. (b): In India, two great leaders, M. N. Roy and
(b) 1791 : Tennis Court Oath Jayaprakash Narayan had advocated the partyless
(c) 1792 : National Convention democracy at different times. Jaiprakash Narayan
advocated a program of social transformation which he
(d) 1804 : New Constitution of France
termed ‘Sampoorna Kranti’ or "total revolution".
UPSC CDS IInd 2017
295. The British empire is rotten to the core, corrupt
Ans. (c): The correct match is as follows- in every direction and tyrannical and mean.
Year Event The above statement was made by __?
1789 - Tennis Court Oath (a) Sister Nivedita (b) Savitribai Phule
1791 - New Constitution of France (c) Mrs. Annie Besant (d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
1792 - National Convention MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2018
1804 - Napoleonic Code Ans. (a): “The British empire is rotten to the core,
293. Statement I: Nationalism in India, which was corrupt in every direction and tyrannical and mean”.
assigned a privileged position by its western The statement was made by Sister Nivedita.
educated political leadership, was a different', 296. Rabindranath Tagore was awarded Noble prize
but a derivative discourse from the west. in the year –
Statement II : Indian nationalism as a response to (a) 1913 (b)1920
western imperialism was “like all such responses,
(c) 1922 (d) 1936
shaped by what it was responding to”.
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
(a) Both the statements are individually true and
Statement II is the correct explanation of Ans. (a): Rabindranath Tagore was awarded Noble
Statement I prize for Literature in the year 1913.
(b) Both the statements are individually true but 297. Punjab Land Alienation Act was passed in the
Statement II is NOT the correct explanation of year-
Statement I (a) 1850 (b)1895
(c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false (c)1900 (d)1905
(d) Statement I is false but Statement II is true (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
UPSC CAPF Ist 2017 BPSC (Pre) G.S. 2017-18
Ans. (a): Nationalism in India, which was assigned a Ans.(c) The Lieutenant Governor of Punjab, Charles
privileged position by its western educated political Riyaz presented the Imperial Legislative Council with a
leadership, was a different but a derivative discourse proposal title the Punjab Land Alienation of Land Bill
from the west. in 1889 AD. The Act called Punjab Land Alienation Act
In India, the origins of nationalism have been derived came into effect in 1900 AD with the aim of limiting
from the educated Indians from western countries. the transfer of land ownership in Punjab Province. It
These nationalists were influenced by western created an "agricultural tribes" category, the
education. Indian nationality was a different but evolved membership of which was almost compulsory to buy or
manifestation from the western world. Thus the first sell land.
statement is true. Indian nationalism as a response to 298. Who among the following was the President of
western imperialism was “like all such responses, the 'All India Trade Union Congress' in 1929?
shaped by what it was responding to”. Hence, both the (a) M.N. Roy
statements are individually correct and statement II is (b) Jayaprakash Narayan
correct explanation of statement I. (c) Jawaharlal Nehru
294. Who among the following leaders is associated (d) S.A. Dange
with the concept of party less democracy?
UPPSC RO-ARO Mains Pre-2021
(a) J. B. Kripalani
Ans. (c): The All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC)
(b) Jayprakash Narayan
was established in 1920 in Bombay. Its first President
(c) Acharya Narendra Dev
was Lala Lajpat Rai. Several national leaders of India
(d) Vinoba Bhave presided over this institution, in which Jawaharlal
UPSC CAPF Ist 2017 Nehru was the President in 1929 AD.

History of Modern India 389 YCT

299. Who prepared “C.R. Formula” to remove the Ans-(b) In India, the Privy Purse was a payment made
political deadlock between Muslim League and to the ruling (royal or lower) families of
Indian National Congress? erstwhile princely states as part of their agreements to
(a) Jawahar Lal Nehru first integrate with India in 1947 and later to merge their
(b) Rajgopalachari states in 1949 whereby they lost all ruling rights. The
(c) Chittaranjan Das Privy Purse was continued to the royal families until
(d) V.P. Menon the 26th Amendment in 1971 (Article-363-A), by which
UPPCS (Pre) 2019 all their privileges and allowances from the Central
Government ceased to exist, was implemented after a
Ans. (b) In 1944 AD C. Rajagopalachari prepared a
two-year legal battle. In some individual cases however,
formula to overcome the political deadlock between the
Muslim League and the Indian National Congress, privy purses were continued for life for individuals who
which is known as the C.R. Formula. had held ruling powers before 1947.
300. Consider the following statements: 302. What was the ‘privy purse’ in the context of
1. Asaf Ali looked after the work of Railway the history of Modern India?
Ministry in the interim Government (1946) (a) A purse given privately by one organization
2. 'Ancient Monuments Preservation Act' to another
was passed when Lord Curzon was (b) A purse given by the government of India to
Governor General. dignitaries for service rendered
3. The Haripura Session of the Indian (c) A grant given by the Government of India to
National Congress was presided over by
the erstwhile Princes of India
C.R. Das.
(d) A gift given by erstwhile Prince of India to
4. Swami Shraddhanand suggested no-tax
campaign as a protest against the Rowlatt the Government of India
Act. UPSC CDS IInd 2011
Of these statements: Ans-(c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
(a) Only 1 and 2 are correct. 303. On which day the design of the National flag of
(b) Only 2 and 3 are correct. . India was adopted?
(c) Only 1, 2 and 4 are correct. (a) July 22, 1947 (b) August 15, 1947
(d) Only 1, 2 and 3 are correct. (c) January 26, 1947 (d) June 10, 1947
UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2013
7th JPSC (Pre) 2021
Ans-(c) In the Interim Government of 1946, Railway
Ans. (a) : The National flag of India was adopted on
and Transport Portfolio was headed by Asaf Ali. The
22nd July, 1947 during the meeting of the constitutional
Ancient Monuments Preservation Act, 1904 was passed
assembly and it became the official flag of the
on March 18, 1904 by British India during the regime sovereign India. The Indian flag consists of- Three
of Lord Curzon. The Indian National Congress met colours i.e. Saffron, White and Green, with Ashok
at Haripura during February 19 to 21, 1938, under the Chakra which has 24 spokes in dark blue colour in its
Presidency of Subhash Chandra Bose. He was elected centre.
President of the Haripura Congress Session (51th 304. Arrange the following in chronological order-
Session) in 1938. The Anarchical and Revolutionary 1. C.R. Formula
Crime Act (1919) popularly known as Rowlatt Act was
2. Cabinet Mission
passed by the Imperial Legislative Council of British
India in March, 1919. The Act provided the authority to 3. Gandhi-Jinnah Dialogue
the British government to arrest and imprison suspects 4. Wavell Plan
without trial. In protest to this Act, Swami (a) 4,3,2,1 (b) 1,2,3,4
Shraddhananda suggested starting the movement of not (c) 1,3,2,4 (d) 1,3,4,2
paying rent (Lagaan).
Jharkhand PSC (Pre) G.S. 2013
301. ‘Privy Purse’ was related to whom in the Post- Ans-(d) Rajaji Formula was prsented on 9th Septemer
Independence period?
1944. Gandhi-Jinna Dialogue was held between 9-27
(a) Landlords (b) Former kings September, 1944. Rajaji Formula was basis of this
(c) Industrialists (d) Indigo planters dialogue Wavell's proposals were officially made public
Uttarakhand RO/ARO (Pre) 2016 on 14 June, 1945, which was known as Wevell's Plan.
History of Modern India 390 YCT
Caloinet mission headed by Pethick Lawrence was 308. The statement "I am a socialist and a
consitituted in Febreuary by Pothick Lawrence was republican and am no believer of Kings and
constituted in February, 1946 while it reached India. On Princes" is associated with-
March 24, 1946. Therefore, the correct chrondogical (a) Narendra Dev (b) Achyut Patwardhan
order would be-1, 3, 4 and 2.
(c) Jay Prakash Narayan (d) Jawaharlal Nehru
305. Who said on the death of Gandhi that light has UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2011
gone out of our lives?
UPPSC Food Safety Inspector Exam 2013
(a) Lord Mountbatten (b) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Ans-(d) The statement “I am a socialist and a
(c) Dr. S. Radhakrishnan (d) Jawaharlal Nehru republican and am no believer in Kings and Princes” is
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 1995 associated with Jawaharlal Nehru. He was an extreme
Ans-(d) The light has gone out of our lives is a speech supporter of socialism and wanted to overthrow the
that was delivered by Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime British rule, princely states, landlordism and capitalism
Minister of India, on January 30, 1948 following the in 1933. His socialism was highly influenced from the
assassination of Mahatma Gandhi earlier that evening. socialism of Soviet Union.
306. 26th October, 1947 is an important date in the 309. Who is known as “Loknayak”?
Indian history, because of- (a) Mahatma Gandhi
(a) Maharaja Hari Singh’s signing of Instrument of (b) Subhash Chandra Bose
Accession
(c) Jay Prakash Narayan
(b) ceasefire with Pakistan
(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(c) merger of Sindh
BPSC (Pre) 2003-04
(d) declaration of war over India by Pakistan
Ans-(c) Jay Prakash Narayan is known as “Loknayak.”
UPSC CDS Ist 2010 He was a socialist and a mass leader. He has received
Ans-(a) The Instrument of Accession of Jammu & several awards including Bharat Ratna and the
Kashmir is a legal document executed by Maharaja Hari Magsaysay.
Singh, ruler of the princely state of Jammu and 310. Match List-I and List-II and select the correct
Kashmir, on October 26, 1947. By executing this
answer from the codes given below the lists :
document under the provisions of
List-I List-II
the Indian Independence Act 1947, Maharaja Hari
(a) Simon Commission 1. 1885
Singh agreed to accede to the Dominion of India.
(b) Quit India Movement 2. 1942
307. In which of the following sessions of Indian (c) Formation of Indian 3. 1927
National Congress, Jawaharlal Nehru spoke of
National Congress
socialism as the key to the solution of India’s (d) Minto Morley Reforms 4. 1909
problems?
Codes:
(a) Lahore (b) Lucknow
(c) Allahabad (d) Ramgarh A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2015
(b) 4 3 2 1
Ans-(b) The Lucknow Session of Indian National
Congress was held in April, 1936 in which Jawaharlal (c) 3 2 1 4
Nehru spoke of socialism as the key to the solution of (d) 1 3 2 4
India’s problems. Lashing out at the British during his UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2008
presidential address at the Lucknow Session, Pandit Ans. (c): The correct match of List-I with List-II is as
Nehru said “Meanwhile, the decay of British follows-
Imperialism in India becomes even more apparent. It List-I List-II
cannot by its very nature solve our economic problems
Simon Commission (Appointed in) 1927
and rid us of our terrible poverty, which it has largely
itself created. It subsists on a normal fare of the fiercest Quit India Movement 1942
repression and a denial of civil and even personal Formation of Indian National Congress 1885
liberty.” Minto-Morley Reforms 1909

History of Modern India 391 YCT

311. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct Ans. (b): The correct chronological order of the events
answer by using the codes given below the lists : during India’s freedom struggle is as follows-
List-I (Event) List-II (Occasion) Chauri–Chaura Outrage (February 4-5, 1922 in Chauri-
A. Complete Independence 1. 26 January Chaura, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh)
proposal of Congress Minto–Morley Reforms (in 1909 under the Viceroyship
of Lord Minto)
B. Complete Independence Day 2. 31 Dec., 1929
Dandi March- (March 12, 1930 to April 6, 1930 by
C. Dandi March 3. July, 1931 Mahatma Gandhi)
D. Second Round Table 4. 12 March, 1930 Montague–Chelmsford Reforms (1919).
Conference 314. Arrange the following in correct chronological
5. September, 1931 order-
Code: A. Regulating Act
A B C D B. Split of Surat
(a) 1 2 3 4 C. Partition of Bengal
D. Formation of Muslim League
(b) 2 1 4 5
(a) A B C D (b) A C D B
(c) 5 4 1 3
(c) A C B D (d) A D C B
(d) 3 4 2 5
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992
Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) G.S. 2002-03 Ans. (b): The correct chronological order of the events
Ans. (b): The correct matching of List-I with that of is as follows-
List-II is as follows- Regulating Act was passed in 1773, Partition of Bengal
Complete Independence proposal - 31 December, 1929 took place in 1905, Muslim League was formed in 1906
and Split of Surat also known as Split of Congress took
of Congress
place in 1907.
Complete Independence Day - 26 January 315. Arrange the following in correct chronological
Dandi March - 12 March, 1930 order and choose the correct answer from the
Second Round Table Conference - September 7, 1931 codes given below the list:
to Dec. 01, 1931 A. Dramatic Performance Act
B. Vernacular Press Act
312. Which one of the following is not correctly
matched? C. North Western Provinces and Awadh Act
(a) Partition of Bengal - 1905 D. Bengal Tenancy Act
Codes:
(b) Salt Satyagraha - 1930
(a) A B D C (b) D B A C
(c) Wavell Plan - 1944
(c) A B C D (d) B C D A
(d) Poona Pact - 1932
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2016
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) G.S. 2004-05
Ans. (a): The correct order is as follows-
Ans. (c): The correct match is as follows- Dramatic Performance Act - 1876
Partition of Bengal - 1905 Vernacular Press Act - 1878
Salt Satygraha - 1930 Bengal Tenancy Act - 1885
Wavell Plan - 1945 North Western Provinces and Awadh Act - 1890
Poona Pact - 1932 316. Arrange in chronological order the following
313. Consider the following events during India’s events which occurred during post-
freedom struggle: independence period:
1. Chauri – Chaura Outrage 1. Liberation of Goa
2. Minto – Morley Reforms 2. Dalai Lama fled to India
3. Dandi March 3. Chou En-Lai visited India
4. Montagu – Chelmsford Reforms 4. India visit of Khrushchev and Bulganin
Which one of the following is the correct Select the correct answer from the code given
chronological order of the events above? below:
Code:
(a) 1 -3 – 2 – 4 (b) 2 -4 -1 – 3 (a) 1, 3, 2, 4 (b)2, 1, 4, 3
(c) 1 -4 – 2 – 3 (d) 2 -3 -1 – 4 (c) 3, 4, 1, 2 (d) 4, 2, 3, 1
IAS (Pre) G.S. 2004 UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2007
History of Modern India 392 YCT
Ans. (*): The Chinese Prime Minister, Chou En- Lai 319. What is the correct sequence of the following
visited India on June 29, 1954. The Prime Minister of events?
Soviet Union, Bulganin and General Secretary of 1. The Lucknow Pact
Communist Party, Khrushchev visited India on
2. The Introduction of Dyarchy
December 13, 1955. Dalai Lama fled to India on March
31, 1959 and Goa along with Daman and Diu was 3. The Rowlatt Act
liberated from Portugal on December 18-19, 1961. 4. The Partition of Bengal
Hence none of the answer is correct as the correct order Codes:
of the above mentioned events will be (3, 4, 2, 1). (a) 1, 3, 2 and 4 (b) 4, 1, 3 and 2
317. Arrange the following events according to their (c) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (d) 4, 3, 2 and 1
chronological order and select the correct answer
from the codes given below the lists: IAS (Pre) G.S. 1995
1. Nehru Report UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 1998
2. Gandhi-Irwin Pact Ans. (b): The correct sequence of the events is as
follows-
3. Poona Pact
Partition of Bengal (1905), Lucknow Pact (1916),
4. Civil Disobedience Movement
Rowlatt Act (1919) and The Introduction of Dyarchy
Code: (1919). Hence, the correct answer will be option (b).
(a) 4, 1, 3, 2 (b) 2, 3, 4, 1 320. Which of the following pairs is not correctly
(c) 1, 4, 2, 3 (d) 3, 2, 1, 4 matched?
UP Lower (Pre) Spl. 2002 Institutions Year of Foundation
Ans. (c): After the failure of Simon Commission Lord (a) Indian National Association 1936
Birkenhead, Secretary of State of India asked the Indian (b) Congress Socialist Party 1934
leaders to draft a constitution for the country. As a
result a committee headed by Pt. Motilal Nehru was (c) All India Forward Bloc 1939
formed in 1928 to draft the constitution for the country. (d) All India State Peoples Conference 1927
The committee submitted its report called Nehru Report UPPSC ACF (Pre) G.S. 2017
on August 28, 1928. The Gandhi-Irwin Pact took place Ans. (a): The correct match is as follows-
on March 5, 1931 under which the Indian National
Institutions Year of Foundation
Congress withdrew the Civil Disobedience Movement.
The Poona Pact was an agreement signed on September Indian National Association 1876
24, 1932 between Mahatma Gandhi and B. R. Congress Socialist Party 1934
Ambedkar on the reservation of electoral seats for the All India Forward Bloc 1939
depressed classes in the legislature of British All India State Peoples Conference 1927
India government. The Civil Disobedience Movement
was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930. 321. What is the correct sequence of the following
events?
318. Consider the following events:
1. The August Offer
1. Gandhi-Irwin Pact
2. The I.N.A. Trial
2. Communal Award
3. The Quit India Movement
3. Second Round Table Conference
4. Nehru Report 4. The Royal Indian Naval Revolt
Arrange the above events in chronological Select the correct answer using the codes given
order of their occurrence and select the correct below:
answer from the code given below: (a) 1, 3, 2, 4 (b) 3, 1, 2, 4
Code: (c) 1, 3, 4, 2 (d) 3, 1, 4, 2
(a) 3, 2, 1, 4 (b) 3, 1, 4, 2 IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998
(c) 4, 3, 2, 1 (d) 4, 1, 3, 2 Ans. (a): The British government was keen to get
UPPSC ACF (Pre) G.S. 2017 Indian support for the Second World War. Britain itself
was in danger of being occupied by the Nazis and in
UPPSC RO/ARO (Pre) G.S. 2017
light of this, the Indian National Congress softened its
Ans. (d): The correct chronological order of the events stand in Ramgarh Session held in March, 1940. It said
is as follows- that support for the war would be provided if power was
Nehru Report- 1928, Gandhi-Irwin Pact- March 5, transferred to an Interim Government in India. On
1931, Second Round Table Conference- September, August 08, 1940 the Viceroy Linlithgow made a set of
1931 and Declaration of Communal Award- August 16, proposals called the ‘August offer’. The Quit India
1932. Movement was last movement of Indian National
History of Modern India 393 YCT
Congress under Mahatma Gandhi launched on August 324. Arrange the following In the chronological
8, 1942. The Indian National Army trials (INA trials), order and select the correct answer from the
which are also called the Red Fort trials, were code given below:
the British Indian trial by courts-martial of a number of 1. The August Offer
officers of the Indian National Army (INA) between 2. The Cabinet Mission Plan
November 1945 and May 1946, for various charges for 3. The Cripps Mission Plan
treason, torture, murder and abetment to murder
during World War II. The Royal Indian Navy 4. The Wavell Plan
revolt (also called the Royal Indian Navy Code:
mutiny or Bombay mutiny) encompasses a total (a) 1, 2, 4, 3 (b) 4, 3, 2, 1
strike and subsequent revolt by Indian sailors of (c) 1, 3, 4, 2 (d) 3, 4, 1, 2
the Royal Indian Navy on board ship and shore UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2011
establishments at Bombay harbour on February 18, Ans. (c): The correct chronological order is as follows-
1946.
The August Offer - 1940
322. What is the correct sequence of the following
The Cripps Mission Plan - 1942
events?
The Wavell Plan - 1945
1. Tilak’s Home Rule League April 1916
The Cabinet Mission Plan - 1946
2. Kamagata Maru Incident 23 May, 1914
325. Consider the following events:
3. Mahatma Gandhi’s arrival in India 9 Jan, 1. Cripps Mission
1915
2. August Offer
Select the correct answer using the codes given
3. Nehru Report
below the lists:
4. Wavell Plan
(a) 1, 2, 3 (b) 2, 1, 3
The correct chronological order of these events
(c) 3, 2, 1 (d) 2, 3, 1 is:
IAS (Pre) G.S. 1998 (a) 3, 1, 2, 4 (b) 3, 2, 1, 4
Ans. (d) The correct chronological sequence is as (c) 2, 1, 3, 4 (d) 1, 3, 2, 4
follows- Kamagata Maru Incident (23 May, 1914) → UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
Mahatma Gandhi's, Arrival in India (9 January, 1915) Ans. (b): The correct chronological order is as follows-
→ Tilak's Home Rule League (April 1916). Events Year
323. Consider the following events connected with Nehru Report - August 28, 1928
Indian National Movement and find the correct August Offer - August 8, 1940
chronological order of the events from the Cripps Mission - March 30, 1942
codes given below :
Wavell Plan - June 14, 1945
1. Demise of B. G. Tilak
326. Read the following events connected with
2. Passing of Rowlatt Bill as an Act Indian National Movement and find the correct
3. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre chronological order of the events from the
4. Amritsar Session of Indian National codes given below:
Congress, 1919 (a) Cripps Mission
Codes: (b) Cabinet Mission Plan
(a) 2, 3, 4, 1 (b) 4, 3, 2, 1 (c) Quit India Movement
(c) 3, 4, 2, 1 (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 (d) Wavell Offer
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2014 Code:
(a) 1, 3, 4, 2 (b) 1, 2, 3, 4
Ans. (a) The correct chronological order of the events
connected with Indian National Movement is as (c) 1, 3, 2, 4 (d) 4, 3, 2, 1
follows- UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2010
Passing of Rowlatt Bill as an Act - February, 1919 Ans. (a): Cripps Mission headed by Sir Stafford Cripps
was sent to India in March 1942 with the constitutional
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre - April 13, 1919 proposal to seek Indian support for the World War-II.
Amritsar Session of Indian - December The Quit India Movement was last movement of Indian
26-30. 1919 National Congress under Mahatma Gandhi launched on
August 8, 1942. The Wavell Plan was declared on June
National Congress, 1919
14, 1945 and the Cabinet Mission arrived in India on
Demise of B. G. Tilak - August 1, 1920 March 24, 1946.
History of Modern India 394 YCT
327. Following are the events occurred in 1945- Ans. (c): The correct chronological order is as follows-
1. Wavell Plan Second Round Table Conference
2. Shimla Conference - 7 September to 1 December, 1931
3. Navy Revolt Karachi Session of Indian National Congress
4. Indian National Army Trials - March 21 to 31, 1931
Choose the correct answer- Execution of Bhagat Singh - March 23, 1931
(a) 1, 2, 3 (b) 2, 3, 4 Gandhi-Irwin Pact - March 5, 1931
(c) 1, 2, 4 (d) 1, 3, 4 330. Arrange the following events in correct
(e) 1, 2, 3, 4 chronological order-
Chhattisgarh PCS (Pre) G.S. 2017-18 (i) Lucknow Pact (ii) Gandhi-Irwin Pact
Ans. (c): The events took place in 1945 are as follows- (iii) Poona Pact (iv) Final withdrawal of
Civil Disobedience
Wavell Plan - June 14, 1945 Movement
Shimla Conference - June 25, 1945 Choose the correct answer from the codes
Indian National Army Trials - November, 1945 given below-
Navy Revolt - 18-23 February, 1946 (a) (i) (iii) (ii) (iv) (b) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
328. Put the following events in chronological order (c) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii) (d) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
and choose your answer with the help of given UPPCS Spl. (Pre) G.S. 2008
code: Ans. (b): The correct chronological order of the events
A. Formation of an interim Government is as follows-
B. The arrival of the Cabinet Mission Lucknow Pact - 1916
C. Muslim League launches Direct Action Gandhi-Irwin Pact - March 5, 1931
D. Jinnah’s wrecking of the Shimla Conference Poona Pact - September 24, 1932
Codes: Final withdrawal of - April 1934
(a) B D C A (b) D B C A Civil Disobedience Movement
(c) A B D C (d) D B A C 331. Arrange the following in chronological order. Select
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2010 the correct answer from the codes given below:
Ans. (b): The correct order of the events is as follows- 1. Non-Cooperation Movement
Jinnah’s wrecking of the 2. Civil Disobedience Movement
Shimla Conference - July 14, 1945 3. Khilafat Movement
The arrival of the Cabinet - March 24, 1946 4. Quit India Movement
Mission Codes:
Muslim League launches - August 16, 1946 (a) 1, 3, 2, 4 (b) 2, 3, 1, 4
Direct Action (c) 3, 1, 2, 4 (d) 4, 2, 3, 1
Formation of an interim - 2 September, UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2008
1946 Ans. (c): The correct order is as follows-
government Khilafat Movement - 1919
329. Select the correct chronological order of the Non-Cooperation Movement - 1920
following events connected with India’s Civil Disobedience Movement - 1930
struggle for independence from the code given Quit India Movement - 1942
below: 332. Arrange the following in chronological order
1. Second Round Table Conference. and select the correct answer from the codes
2. Karachi Session of Indian National given below:
Congress, A. Amritsar incident
3. Execution of Bhagat Singh B. Chauri-Chaura incident
4. Gandhi-Irwin Pact C. Champaran Movement
Code: D. Moplah revolt
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) 2, 3, 1, 4 Codes:
(c) 4, 3, 2, 1 (d) 3, 4, 2, 1 (a) A, B, C, D (b) B, A, C, D
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2009 (c) C, A, D, B (d) C, A, B, D
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2006 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2007
History of Modern India 395 YCT
Ans. (c): The correct chronological order of the events Ans. (c): The chronological order of the events is as
is as follows- follows-
Champaran Movement - 1917 C. Rajagopalachari Plan - September 9, 1944
Amritsar incident - April 13, 1919 Wavell Plan - June 14, 1945
Moplah revolt - 1921 Cabinet Mission Plan - March 24, 1946
Chauri-Chaura incident - February 5, 1922 Mountbatten Plan - June 3, 1947
333. Following are the events of National 336. Arrange the following plans in correct
Movement- chronological order-
I. Champaran Satyagraha 1. Cripps Plan
II. Non-Cooperation Movement 2. Cabinet Mission Plan
III. Quit India Movement 3. Mountbatten Plan
IV. Dandi March 4. Wavell Plan
The correct chronological order is- Codes:
(a) I, II, IV, III (b) II, I, III, IV (a) 1, 4, 2, 3 (b) 2, 3, 1, 4
(c) III, II, I, IV (d) II, III, I, IV (c) 3, 4, 1, 2 (d) 1, 3, 2, 4
UPPCS (Pre) Spl. G.S. 2004 UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000
Ans. (a): The correct chronological order of the events Ans. (a): The chronological order is as follows-
of National Movement is as follows- Plan Time Viceroy
Champaran Satyagraha - 1917 Cripps Plan 1942 Lord Linlithgow
Non-Cooperation Movement - 1920 Wavell Plan June. 14, 1945 Lord Wavell
Dandi March - 1930 Cabinet Mission March 24, 1946 Lord Wavell
Quit India Movement - August 8, 1942 Plan
334. Arrange the following in chronological order Mountbatten Plan June 3, 1947 Lord Mountbatten
and select the correct answer from the codes 337. Arrange the following movements in correct
given below: chronological order and select the correct
1. Civil-Disobedience Movement answer using the codes given below-
2. Individual Satyagraha 1. Civil Disobedience Movement
3. Cripps Mission 2. Khilafat Movement
4. Quit India Movement 3. Non-Cooperation Movement
Codes: 4. Quit India Movement
(a) 1, 2, 4, 3 (b) 1, 2, 3, 4 Codes:
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) 2, 3, 4, 1
(c) 2, 1, 3, 4 (d) 2, 3, 1, 4
(c) 2, 3, 1, 4 (d) 3, 1, 4, 2
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2004
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2000
Ans. (b): The correct chronological is as follows-
Ans. (c): The chronological order is as follows-
Civil Disobedience Movement - March 12, 1930
Plan Time Viceroy
Individual Satyagraha - October, 1940
Khilafat Movement 1919 Lord Chelmsford
Cripps Mission - March, 1942
Non-Cooperation 1920 Lord Chelmsford
Quit India Movement - August 8, 1942
Movement
335. Arrange the following in chronological order
Civil Disobedience 1930 Lord Irwin
and select the correct answer from the codes
given below: Movement
1. C. Rajagopalachari Plan Quit India Movement 1942 Lord Linlithgow
2. Wavell Plan 338. Consider the following events based on history
of freedom struggle of India and select the
3. Mountbatten Plan
correct answer from the codes given below the
4. Cabinet Mission Plan list-
Codes: 1. Non-Cooperation Movement
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 2, 3, 4 and 1 2. Home Rule Movement
(c) 1, 2, 4 and 3 (d) 2, 1, 4 and 3 3. Quit India Movement
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2002 4. Civil Disobedience Movement
History of Modern India 396 YCT
 Codes: Ans. (d): The correct order is as follows-
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) 2, 1, 3, 4 Surat Split - 1907
(c) 2, 1, 4, 3 (d) 1, 2, 4, 3 Simon Commission - 1928
UPPCS (Pre) G.S.1998 Civil Disobedience Movement - 1930
Ans. (c): The correct sequence is as follows - Khudai Khidmatgar - 1930-31
Movement Time 341. Consider the following events and select the
Home Rule Movement 1916 correct chronological order of the events from
Non Cooperation Movement 1920 the code given below:
Civil Disobedience Movement 1930 1. Gandhi-Irwin Pact
Quit India Movement 1942 2. Execution of Bhagat Singh
339. Arrange the following in chronological order 3. Karachi Session of Indian National
and select the correct answer from the codes Congress (1931)
given below: 4. Second Round Table Conference
A. Rowlatt Act Codes :
B. Simon Commission (a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) 4, 3, 2, 1
C. Home Rule Movement (c) 4, 2, 3, 1 (d) 2, 4, 3, 1
D. Gandhi-Irwin Pact UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013
Codes: Ans. (a): The correct sequence is as follows -
(a) C, D, A, B (b) D, B, A, C Gandhi-Irwin Pact – 5 March 1931
(c) A, C, B, D (d) C, A, B, D Execution of Bhagat Singh – 23 March 1931
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1994 Karachi Session of Indian – 21-31 March 1931
Ans. (d): The chronological order is as follows- National Congress (1931)
Home Rule Movement - 1916 Second Round Table Conference – September 1931
Rowlatt Act - 1919 342. Consider the following events and select the
Simon Commission - 1928 correct chronological order of the events from
Gandhi-Irwin Pact - 1931 the code given below:
340. Indicate the correct order of the following- 1. Khilafat Movement
(a) (i) Simon Commission 2. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
(ii) Civil Disobedience Movement 3. Amritsar Session of Indian National Congress
(iii) Khudai Khidmatgar (1919)
(iv) Surat Split 4. Rowlatt Satyagraha
(b) (i) Simon Commission Codes:
(ii) Civil Disobedience Movement (a) 4,2,3,1 (b) 1,2,3,4
(c) 4,3,2,1 (d) 4,3,1,2
(iii) Surat Split
UPPCS (Mains) G.S Ist 2013
(iv) Khudai Khidmatgar
Ans. (a): The correct chronological order of the above
(b) (i) Khudai Khidmatgar
mentioned events is as follows-
(ii) Civil Disobedience Movement
Rowlatt Satyagraha - April 6, 1919
(iii) Surat Split
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre - April 13, 1919
(iv) Simon Commission
Amritsar Session of - December, 1919
(c) (i) Khudai Khidmatgar
Indian National Congress
(ii) Civil Disobedience Movement
Khilafat Movement - 1919-1922
(iii) Surat Split
343. What was the correct chronological order of
(iv) Simon Commission the following movements?
(d) (i) Surat Split I. Civil Disobedience Movement
(ii) Simon Commission II. Khilafat Movement
(iii) Civil Disobedience Movement III. Home Rule Movement
(iv) Khudai Khidmatgar IV. Quit India Movement
UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 1992 Select your answer from the codes given below:
History of Modern India 397 YCT
 Codes: 347. In which chronological order the following
(a) I, IV, III, II (b) IV, I, II, III events took place?
(c) III, II, I, IV (d) II, IV, I, III (a) Chauri-Chaura Episode
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2013 (b) Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
Ans. (c): Kindly refer the explanation of above (c) Rowlatt Satyagraha
question. (d) Champaran Satyagraha
344. Which is the correct chronological order of the (a) A, B, C, D (b) B, C, D, A
following? (c) D, C, B, A (d) C, B, D, A
I. Cripps Mission UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2004
II. Gandhi-Irwin Pact Ans. (c): The chronological order of the events took
III. Simon Commission place during freedom struggle is as follows-
IV. Partition of the country Champaran Satyagraha - 1917
(a) I, II, III, IV (b) II, I, IV, III Rowlatt Satyagraha - March 8, 1919
(c) II, I, III, IV (d) III, II, I, IV Jallianwala Bagh Massacre - April 13, 1919
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2009 Chauri-Chaura incident - February 4, 1922
Ans. (d): Kindly refer the explanation of above 348. Consider the following events connected with
question. Indian freedom struggle:
1. Gandhi-Irwin Pact
345. Read the following events connected with the
Indian National Movement: 2. Karachi Session of Indian National Congress
1. Karachi Session of Indian National 3. Execution of Bhagat Singh
Congress 4. Poona Pact
2. Execution of Rajguru Arrange the following in chronological order
3. Gandhi Irwin Pact with the help of codes given below-
Find the correct chronological order of the Codes:
events from the codes given below : (a) 1, 4, 2, 3 (b) 1, 2, 3, 4
Codes : (c) 4, 3, 2, 1 (d) 1, 3, 2, 4
(a) 3, 2, 1 (b) 1, 2, 3 UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004
(c) 2, 3, 1 (d) 1, 3, 2 Ans. (d): Kindly refer the explanation of above
question.
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2009
Ans. (a): The correct order is as follows- 349. Consider the following events related to Indian
freedom struggle and arrange the following in
Gandhi-Irwin Pact - March 5, 1931 chronological order with the help of codes given
Execution of Rajguru, Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev below-
- March 23, 1931 1. Champaran Satyagraha
Karachi Session of Indian National Congress 2. Rowlatt Satyagraha
- March 21-31, 1931 3. Home Rule Movement
346. Select the correct chronological order of the 4. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
following events from the codes given below: Codes:
1. Poona Pact (a) 3, 1, 2, 4 (b) 1, 2, 3, 4
2. Quit India Movement (c) 4, 3, 2, 1 (d) 3, 4, 2, 1
3. Cabinet Mission UPPCS (Mains) Spl. G.S. 2004
4. Shimla Conference Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above
Codes: question.
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) 4, 3, 2, 1
350. Arrange the following incidents related with Indian
(c) 3, 4, 1, 2 (d) 2, 3, 4, 1
National Movement in chronological order-
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2005
1. Home Rule Movement
Ans. (*): The chronological order is as follows-
2. Champaran Satyagraha
Poona Pact - 1932
3. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
Quit India Movement - 1942
4. Amritsar Session of Indian National Congress
Shimla Conference - 1945
Select the correct answer from the codes given
Cabinet Mission - 1946 below-
History of Modern India 398 YCT
 (a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) 2, 3, 4, 1 (c) Kheda, Champaran, Ahmedabad, Non-
(c) 4, 3, 2, 1 (d) 3, 2, 1, 4 cooperation Movement
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. 2003 (d) Non-cooperation Movement, Champaran,
Kheda, Ahmedabad
Ans. (a): The correct chronological order of the
incidents related with Indian National Movement is as Uttarakhand RO/ARO (Pre) G.S. 2016
follows- The Home Rule Movement was started by Ans. (a): The chronological order of the movements of
Annie Besant and B. G. Tilak in 1916, Champaran Mahatma Gandhi right from the beginning is as follows-
Satyagraha was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1917, Movement Year
the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre occurred on April 13, Champaran 1917
1919 and the Amritsar Session of Indian National
Congress under the chairmanship of Motilal Nehru was Ahmedabad February-March, 1918
held in December, 1919. Kheda March 22, 1918
351. Read the following incidents: Non-Cooperation Movement 1920-22
1. Lucknow Pact 354.Arrange the following events related to Indian
National Movement in chronological order and select
2. Champaran Satyagraha
the correct answer from the codes given below:
3. Khilafat Movement
1. Mahatma Gandhi’s Dandi March
4. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
2. Poona Pact
Select the correct chronological order of the
3. Communal Awards
incidents from the codes given below-
4. Gandhi-Irwin Pact
(a) 1, 2, 4, 3 (b) 1, 2, 3, 4
Codes:
(c) 4, 3, 2, 1 (d) 1, 3, 2, 4
(a) 1, 4, 3, 2 (b) 1, 3, 4, 2
UP RO/ARO (Pre) 2013
(c) 3, 4, 2, 1 (d) 4, 2, 3, 1
Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above
question. UP UDA/LDA (Mains) 2010
352. Arrange the following in chronological order- Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above
question.
1. Home Rule Movement
355. Which of the following events occurred last?
2. Muslim League
(a) Chauri-Chaura incident
3. Swaraj Party
(b) Dandi March
4. Indian National Congress
(c) Gandhi-Irwin Pact
5. Poona Pact
(d) Declaration of Communal Award
6. Simon Commission
UPPCS (Mains) G.S. Ist 2017
Codes:
Ans. (d): Kindly refer the explanation of above
(a) 4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 5 (b) 3, 4, 6, 5, 2, 1 question.
(c) 2, 1, 5, 4, 3, 6 (d) 1, 3, 4, 6, 5, 2
356. Consider the following events-
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2010-11 1. August Offer
Ans. (a): The chronological order is as follows- 2. Poona Pact
Foundation of Indian National Congress by 3. Third Round Table Conference
A. O. Hume - 1885 4. Communal Award
Foundation of Muslim League - 1906 Arrange the following events in correct
Home Rule Movement launched by B. G. Tilak - 1916 chronological order and select the correct answer
Formation of Swaraj Party by Motilal Nehru from the codes given below-
and C. R. Das - 1923 Codes:
The Conservative Government of Britain (a) 4, 3, 2, 1 (b) 4, 2, 3, 1
appointed Simon Commission - 1928 (c) 2, 1, 3, 4 (d) 3, 2, 1, 4
Poona Pact between Mahatma Gandhi and - 1932 UPPSC RO/ARO (Pre) G.S. 2017
B. R. Ambedkar Ans. (b) The correct chronological order of the events is
353. Arrange the following movements of Mahatma as follows-
Gandhi in the right order from the beginning: Communal Award - August 16, 1932
(a) Champaran, Ahmedabad, Kheda, Non- Poona Pact - September 26, 1932
cooperation Movement
Third Round Table Conference - November 17, 1932
(b) Ahmedabad, Champaran, Kheda, Non-
cooperation Movement August Offer - August 8, 1940

History of Modern India 399 YCT

 357.Arrange the following events in chronological 361. Which of incident occurred first?
order and select the correct answer from the (a) Kheda Satyagraha
codes given below: (b) Civil Disobedience Movement
1. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (c) Non-Cooperation Movement
2. Chauri-Chaura incident (d) Champaran Satyagraha
3. Champaran Movement Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2006
4. Moplah Revolt Ans. (d): Kindly refer the explanation of above
question.
Codes:
362. Who among the following said that “The real
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) 2, 1, 3, 4 revolutionary armies are in the villages and
(c) 3, 1, 4, 2 (d) 3, 1, 2, 4 in factories”?
UP Lower (Pre) G.S. 2008 (a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Bhagat Singh
(c) Karl Marx (d) Jai Prakash Narayan
Ans. (c) Kindly refer the explanation of above question.
UPPSC Asst. Forest Conservator Exam 2015
358.Consider the following incidents related to Indian
Ans. (b): “The real revolutionary armies are in the
freedom movement and select the correct villages and in factories”. The statement was made by
chronological order from the codes given below- Bhagat Singh during freedom struggle.
1. Swadeshi Movement 363. Which among the following three states refused
2. Home Rule Movement to become the part of ‘Chamber of Princes’?
3. Non-Cooperation Movement (a) Hyderabad, Junagarh, Kashmir
4. Civil Disobedience Movement (b) Punjab, Satara, Awadh
(c) Holkar, Baroda, Gwalior
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 2, 1, 3 and 4
(d) Gujarat, Sindh, Kolhapur
(c) 2, 1, 4 and 3 (d) 3, 1, 4 and 2
UPPSC Food & Sanitary Inspector Exam 2013
UP Lower (Pre) 1998 Ans. (a): The Chamber of Princes (Narendra Mandal)
Ans. (a): The correct chronological order of the was an institution established in 1920 by a royal
incidents related to the Indian Freedom Movement is as proclamation of King George V to provide a forum in
follows- which the rulers of the princely states of India could
voice their needs and aspirations to the colonial
Swadeshi Movement - 1905 government of British India. The states of Hyderabad,
Home Rule Movement - 1916 Junagarh and Kashmir denied to become the part of
Non-Cooperation Movement - 1920 ‘Chamber of Princes’.
Civil Disobedience Movement - 1930 364.Arrange the following events in correct chronological
sequence using the code given below :
359. Arrange the following in chronological order and
1. Satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act
select the correct answer from the code-
2. Champaran Satyagraha
1. Dandi March
3. Kheda Peasant Struggle
2. Jallianwala Massacre
4. Ahmedabad Mill Strike
3. Quit India Movement
(a) 2, 4, 3, 1 (b) 1, 2, 3, 4
4. Swadeshi Movement (c) 2, 1, 4, 3 (d) 3, 2, 4, 1
Codes: UPPCS (Pre) G.S. 2017
(a) 2, 4, 1, 3 (b) 4, 2, 1, 3 Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above
(c) 2, 1, 4, 3 (d) 4, 2, 3, 1 question.
MPPSC (Pre) G.S. 2008 365. Consider the following:
Ans. (b): Kindly refer the explanation of above 1. Rowlatt Act Movement
question. 2. Kheda Satyagraha
360. Which of incident occurred first? 3. Champaran
(a) Dandi March 4. Ahmedabad Mill Strike
What is the correct chronological order of the
(b) Quit India Movement above mentioned Gandhian movements?
(c) Arrival of Simon Commission (a) 3, 4, 2 and 1 (b) 2, 3, 1 and 4
(d) Gandhi-Irwin Pact (c) 3, 2, 4 and 1 (d) 2, 1, 3 and 4
Uttarakhand PCS (Mains) 2006 UPSC APFC/EPFO 2012
Ans. (c): Kindly refer the explanation of above Ans. (a): Kindly refer the explanation of above
question. question.
History of Modern India 400 YCT

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