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Designation: A 200 – 94 An American National Standard

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM

Standard Specification for

Seamless Intermediate Alloy-Steel Still Tubes for Refinery
Service1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 200; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope 4. General Requirements

1.1 This specification covers several grades of minimum- 4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
wall-thickness, chromium-molybdenum and chromium- form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
molybdenum-silicon, seamless, hot-finished and cold-finished, Specification A 450/A 450M, unless otherwise provided
intermediate alloy-steel still tubes, for use in carrying fluids at herein.
elevated temperatures and pressures in various types of heaters,
5. Manufacture
in which the tubes may be subjected to a furnace temperature
higher than that of the contained fluid. 5.1 Tubes shall be made by the seamless process and shall
1.2 This specification covers tubes 2 to 9 in., (50.8 to 228.6 be either hot-finished or cold-finished, as specified.
mm) inclusive, in outside diameter and over 0.220 in. (5.59 6. Heat Treatment
mm) in minimum wall thickness.
6.1 Hot-rolled tubes, except Grade T91, shall be heat treated
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
by slow cooling from above 1550°F (845°C), isothermal
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for

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annealing from above 1600°F (870°C), or cooling in air or in
information only.
the cooling chamber of a controlled atmosphere furnace from
1650°F (900°C) or higher and reheating to 1200°F (650°C) or
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2. Referenced Documents
higher. Cold-finished tubes shall be heat treated after the final
2.1 ASTM Standards: cold-finishing pass at a temperature of 1200°F or higher.
A 450/A450M Specification for General Requirements for
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Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy Steel Tubes2 NOTE 1—Isothermal annealing, as applied to tubular products, may
involve austenitizing a ferrous alloy and then cooling to and holding
within the range of temperature at which austenite transforms to a
3. Ordering Information relatively soft ferrite-carbide aggregate.
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should ASTM A200-94
6.2 Grade T91 tubes shall be normalized at 1900°F
include the following, as required, to describe the desired
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(1040°C) to 2000°F (1090°C) and tempered at 1350°F (730°C)
material adequately: minimum.
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material (seamless tubes), 7. Surface Condition
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1), 7.1 Tubes shall be free of scale and suitable for inspection.
3.1.4 Manufacture (hot-finished or cold-finished),
3.1.5 Size (outside diameter and minimum wall thickness), 8. Chemical Composition
3.1.6 Length (specific or random), 8.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to
3.1.7 Special marking (see 15.2) , chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
3.1.8 Optional requirement (flattening or flaring test, Sec- 9. Product Analysis
tion 13),
3.1.9 Test report required (see Certification Section of 9.1 An analysis of either one billet or one tube shall be made
Specification A 450/A 450M), from each heat. The chemical composition thus determined
3.1.10 Specification designation, and shall conform to the requirements specified.
3.1.11 Special requirements. 9.2 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of
two additional billets or tubes shall be made. Both retests, for
the elements in question shall meet the requirement of the
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel, specification; otherwise all remaining materials in the heat or
Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee lot (Note 2) shall be rejected or, at the option of the producer,
A01.10 on Tubing.
Current edition approved June 15, 1994. Published August 1994. Originally
each billet or tube may be individually tested for acceptance.
published as A 200 – 37 T. Last previous edition A 200 – 91. Billets or tubes that do not meet the requirements of the
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01. specification shall be rejected.

1
 A 200
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements

Grade Composition, %
Carbon Manganese Phosphorus, Sulfur, max Silicon Chromium Molybdenum Others
max
T4 0.05–0.15 max 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50–1.00 2.15–2.85 0.44–0.65 ...
T5 0.15 max 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50 max 4.00–6.00 0.45–0.65 ...
T7 0.15 max 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50–1.00 6.00–8.00 0.45–0.65 ...
T9 0.15 max 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 0.25–1.00 8.00–10.00 0.90–1.10 ...
T91 0.08–0.12 0.30–0.60 0.020 0.010 0.20–0.50 8.00–9.00 0.85–1.05 Ni-0.40 max
V-0.18–0.25
Cb-0.06–0.10
N-0.030–0.070
Al-0.04 max
T11 0.05 min–0.15 max 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50–1.00 1.00–1.50 0.44–0.65 ...
T21 0.05 min–0.15 max 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50 max 2.65–3.35 0.80–1.06 ...
T22 0.05 min–0.15 max 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50 max 1.90–2.60 0.87–1.13 ...

NOTE 2—For flaring and flattening tests, the term lot applies to all 12.3 Flaring Test—When specified in the order, the flaring
tubes, prior to cutting to length of the same nominal size and wall test shall be substituted for the flattening test. One test shall be
thickness (or schedule) which are produced from the same heat of steel made on specimens from each end of two tubes from each
and subjected to the same finishing treatment in a continuous furnace.
When final heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, the lot shall include
heat-treated lot (Note 2).
only those tubes which are heat treated in the same furnace charge. 12.4 Hardness Test—Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests
shall be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot
NOTE 3—For tension and hardness test requirements, the term lot (Note 3).
applies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and wall
thickness which are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heat
12.5 Hydrostatic Test—Each tube shall be subjected to the
treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only these tubes of hydrostatic test, or, instead of this test, a nondestructive electric

iTeh Standards
the same size and the same heat which are heat treated in the same furnace
charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, a lot shall
include all tubes of the same size and heat, heat treated in the same furnace
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements

All grades Grade

10. Tensile Requirements

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at the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace speed. except
T91
T91

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Tensile strength, min, ksi [MPa] 60 [414] 85 [585]
10.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa] 25 [172] 60 [414]
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm (or 4D),
tensile properties prescribed in Table 2. min, %:
10.1.1 Table 3 gives the computed mimimum elongation 30 20
Basic minimum elongation for walls

ASTM A200-94
5⁄16in. (7.9 mm) and over in thickness,
values for each 1⁄32–in. (0.79–mm) decrease in wall thickness.
longitudinal strip tests, and for all small
Where the wall thickness lies between two values shown in
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Table 3, the minimum elongation value shall be determined by
sizes tested in full section
22 20
When standard round 2-in. or 50-mm
gage or smaller proportionally sized
the following equation: specimen with the gage length equal to
All grades except T91:E 5 48t 1 15.00 4D (4 times the diameter) is used.
For longitudinal strip tests a deduction 1.50A 1.00
Grade T91: E 5 32t 5 10.00 shall be made for each 1⁄32-in. (0.79-mm)
decrease in wall thickness below 5⁄16in.
(7.9 mm) from the basic minimum
where: elongation of the following percentage
E = elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm % and points
t = actual thickness of specimen, in. (mm). A
See Table 3 for the computed minimum values:

11. Hardness Requirements

11.1 Tubes fabricated from Grades T4, T5, T11, T21, and TABLE 3 Minimum Elongation Values
T22 shall have a Brinell hardness not exceeding 163. For tubes Wall Thickness Elongation in 2 in.or 50
fabricated from Grades T 7and T 9 the maximum hardness mm, min, %A
shall be 179 HB. For tubes fabricated from Grade T91, the in. mm All grades except Grade T91
maximum hardness shall be 218 HB. T91
⁄ (0.312)
5 16 7.94 30 20
12. Mechanical Tests Required ⁄ (0.281)
9 32 7.14 28 19
1⁄4 (0.250) 6.35 27 18
12.1 Tension Test—One tension test shall be made on a 7⁄32(0.219) 5.56 26 17
specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes. Tension tests shall 3⁄16 (0.188) 4.76 24 16
be made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50 5⁄32 (0.156) 3.97 22 15
1⁄8(0.125) 3.18 21 14
tubes (Note 3). 3⁄32 (0.094) 2.38 20 13
12.2 Flattening Test—One flattening test shall be made on 1⁄16 (0.062) 1.59 18 12
specimens from each end of two tubes from each heat-treated A
Calculated elongation requirements shall be rounded to the nearest whole
lot (Note 2). number.