0072 Primary Digital Literacy Stage 3 Scheme of Work - tcm142-552634
0072 Primary Digital Literacy Stage 3 Scheme of Work - tcm142-552634
Cambridge Primary
Digital Literacy 0072
Stage 3
For use with the curriculum framework published in 2019
Version 1
Copyright © UCLES 2019
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Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University of Cambridge.
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Contents
Contents.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
Introduction............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
Unit 3.1 Document creation................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Unit 3.2 Written online communication............................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
Unit 3.3 Safe digital research............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
Unit 3.4 The history of computers....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30
Sample lesson 1: Topic 1.1 Finding my files...................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
Sample lesson 2: Topic 3.3 How search engines work..................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Introduction
This document is a scheme of work created by Cambridge Assessment International Education for Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy Stage 3.
It contains:
suggested units showing how the learning objectives in the curriculum framework can be grouped and ordered
at least one suggested teaching activity for each learning objective
a suggested project at the end of each unit that will consolidate the learning
a list of subject-specific language that will be useful for your learners
sample lesson plans.
You do not need to use the ideas in this scheme of work to teach Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy Stage 3. It is designed to indicate the types of activities you
might use, and the intended depth and breadth of each learning objective. You may choose to use other activities with a similar level of difficulty, in order to suit your
local context and the resources that you have available. You may also choose to adapt the suggested activities and the projects so that they can be embedded
within the teaching of other subjects.
The accompanying teacher guide for Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy will support you to plan and deliver lessons using effective teaching and learning
approaches. You can use this scheme of work as a starting point for your planning, adapting it to suit the requirements of your school and needs of your learners.
Long-term plan
This long-term plan shows the units in this scheme of work and a suggestion of how long to spend teaching each one. The suggested teaching time is based on 30
hours of teaching for Digital Literacy Stage 3. You can adapt the time, units and order of the units based on the requirements of your school and the needs of your
learners.
Total 30 hours
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Other suggested resources for individual units and/or activities are described in the rest of this document. You can swap these for other resources that are available
in your school.
Websites
There are many excellent online resources suitable for teaching Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy. Since these are updated frequently, and many are only
available in some countries, we recommend that you and your colleagues identify and share resources that you have found to be effective for your learners.
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Learners should also have the literacy skills that will enable them to access and use spell-checking and proof-reading tools within text production software.
Language:
image
blog
import/export
cut/copy/paste (in the context of text processing)
text processing software
icon
program/application
functions (in the context of using an application, not in programming)
file/folder
save/open
shortcut
homophone
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
You have grouped your files by subject but how do you think we could do this
on a computer?
Establish that you can do the same thing on a computer using folders.
Demonstrate the navigation through folder hierarchies on your school’s Some learners may need support to return to
preferred devices. Provide learners with a list of files that are saved in the starting point at the end of each search as
different folders and explain that they are now going to find those files. they may get lost when they move from one
search to the next.
What could you use to help you locate the documents?
Make sure that the school IT system is locked
Explain that the files have been grouped into folders relevant to their content. so that learners cannot access any
This will make it easier for them to be found. inappropriate files when they are conducting
their searches.
Learners locate the files on their list and make a note of where they found
them, in a separate document. They then save this document in the correct
folder.
Resources:
A set of cards, representing files, which contain the names of things
that could be grouped. For example book titles, various recipes and
names of holiday destinations.
A selection of files stored in different locations on a device, network
and/or cloud storage, grouped by category to make them easier to
find.
3TC.04 Identify common Place learners into groups and ask them to match printed icons of common
features of onscreen layouts shortcuts with the correct definition. The icons that could be used include You may need to remind learners what icons
and icons across a range of those for: are.
applications. text formatting
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
filtering
saving files
navigating between screens.
Explain that these icons look similar across many different applications and
work in much the same way.
To extend this activity, the groups can discuss whether they think any of the
icons should change to make them more appropriate for modern life. For
example, the floppy disk is still commonly used to represent the ‘save’
function but the disks themselves are not often used now. Learners can also
consider what those icons could change to.
Explain that keyboard shortcuts are used to make common tasks easier.
Provide separate files that each contain a paragraph of text and explain that You may also want to repeat demonstrations of
learners need to use the different shortcuts they have been shown to combine the cut and paste shortcuts for different devices
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Resources:
A list of the relevant shortcuts for learners to refer to.
A selection of files each containing a paragraph of text that needs to
be combined into a master document.
3TC.03 Identify and use spell- Display a prepared piece of text which contains spelling errors. This should
checking and proof-reading include at least one incorrect spelling that forces the document to suggest a
tools. homophone of the correct spelling, for example ‘We one the game’.
Learners use the spell-checker to correct the prepared document. Watch for learners who choose inappropriate
corrections here. They must understand that
Resources: spell-checkers are not faultless.
Text processing software that identifies spelling, and ideally
grammatical errors, inline (i.e. that it highlights the errors within the
text).
A document with a piece of text containing spelling errors, including at
least one spelling that forces the document to suggest a homophone
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Learners practise adding images to a document by creating a document on a Learners will need to recall their learning from
given topic. They type the text and then add at least one image using copy the first activity in this unit in order to be able to
and paste, and at least one other image that they search for on the school’s find appropriate images within the school’s
filing system and then import into their document. filing system.
If your software allows, this activity can be extended through experimentation The focus of this activity is on adding images
with the image editing tools available in your text processing application. rather than presentation at this stage.
Resources:
A collection of appropriate, pre-selected images for the learners to
load. Some of these should be given to learners within a text
document while others should be saved in a suitable location within
the school’s filing system.
3TC.06 Compose, read, In pairs or small groups, learners should note everything that they already There may be some misconceptions as to what
respond to and share online know about blogging. a blog is.
messages with specific
individuals and with groups. Display an example blog that is appropriate for your learners.
3TC.01 Develop fluency and What key features can you identify?
accuracy when typing in Do you recognise anything from other websites or programs you use or visit?
increasing quantity.
Draw the learners’ attention to the comments section. When looking at blogs you may wish to have
examples of useful and appropriate comments,
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Demonstrate the comment writing process. Allow learners the opportunity to When learners write their comments, this may
practise writing comments themselves in response to a blog that has been be online or offline. Alternatively, you may
written for them. prefer them to draft their responses offline
before posting.
Resources:
An example blog with three or four posts and a few age-appropriate
comments. You may need to create this yourself before the lesson.
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Email is introduced, with learners being given an opportunity to compose an email that they send to their teacher and then watch as it arrives in the teacher’s
inbox.
The key messages about appropriate behaviour and responsibility when engaging in online messaging are then consolidated in an end of unit project. In this
project, learners produce a poster which explains all of the important safety and wellbeing information that has been learned during the unit.
Language:
inbox
draft
email
message
compose
send
personal information
identifying information
pseudonym/anonymous
privacy
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Has someone ever said something that has hurt your feelings or made you Sensitivity and discretion are strongly advised
feel sad? when asking questions like this. It is important
to acknowledge a learner’s feelings without
Discuss the learner’s feelings. allowing them to dwell on them.
Establish that even if you are unable to see a person, this does not mean that
they cannot be hurt by unkind words. Explain that learners need to be even
more careful online as it is very easy for messages to be misunderstood.
Demonstrate this by saying a statement in several different ways, altering
your tone and body language to change the meaning.
Even though I said the same thing, I meant something different each time.
How did I do that?
Establish that you were able to change the meaning by altering your tone and
body language.
When you chat online, you cannot see each other’s faces or hear their voices.
Why might that be a problem?
Give learners a prepared statement, for example ‘I don’t enjoy speaking with
you online’, and explain that the writer’s intention was to say that they
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Establish that all the information on the cards could be personal, if it is about
the learners themselves.
Which information is safe to share online? Why? Do not correct the learners at this stage, it is
more important to elicit their ideas now and
Discuss the learners’ ideas and then ask them to regroup the cards, this time introduce correction and emphasise the need
into ‘safe to share online’ and ‘unsafe to share online’. for self-assessment later.
Why have you chosen to sort the cards the way you have?
Explain that any information that can be used to identify them should not be It is essential that you identify things that
shared. learners might not even consider to be
information, for example: pictures of them in
What are the risks of sharing information that can identify you? their school uniform, pictures of birthdays (the
date can be found in the EXIF data of the file),
Discuss possible scenarios, e.g. identity theft, thieves finding out when a pictures next to houses (easy to find the
home is empty, etc. address).
Establish that you can still have a lot of fun online without giving any
identifying information. Discuss how hobbies and shared interests can still be
discussed, and you can have an anonymous username on a lot of websites.
Once learners understand what is safe to share online and what is not, ask
them to adjust some example profiles to make them safe.
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Make sure that learners understand what each of the solutions entails in
relation to the social and communication media that they use.
Resources:
A series of imaginary scenarios for discussion.
3TC.04 Identify common Explain that now learners know the theory of being safe online, in this session You may wish to create a quiz to revise the
features of onscreen layouts they will have an opportunity to put it into practice. common icons. To make it more engaging, you
and icons across a range of could turn it into a competition or use an online
applications. Begin by reminding them of the common icons they can expect to find in a quiz platform.
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Demonstrate the rest of the app, by paying attention to the inbox and
describing its function.
For learners who are already confident with the use of messaging or email
applications, this activity can be extended by asking them to write a short
explanation of what each of the features does.
Resources:
An email client or chat app.
Screenshots of the inbox and composition windows in the email or
chat application.
Labels for the key parts of the inbox and composition window
screenshots.
3TC.03 Identify and use spell- Give each learner a copy of a draft email containing errors that need to be You may wish to combine this activity with the
checking and proof-reading corrected. one below, depending on how confident your
tools. learners are with using proof-reading tools.
How can we use our messaging or email applications to help us check if our
3TC.06 Compose, read, work is written correctly?
respond to and share online
messages with specific Remind learners of the spell-check function and how it works.
individuals and with groups.
What are the limitations of using a spell-checker?
Make sure that learners understand that spell-checkers are not faultless and
that they can pick near-spellings or homophones instead. They also require
the misspelling to be close to the correct one for a suitable suggestion to be
made.
Learners proofread and correct the draft emails with the help of the spell-
checker.
Resources:
A draft email with spelling errors to correct.
An email or messaging client.
3TC.06 Compose, read, Display your message inbox but make sure that there are currently no unread It would be a good idea to set up a special
respond to and share online messages. account that does not receive your usual work
messages with specific or personal messages.
individuals and with groups. Arrange for another member of staff to send an imaginary email which has
been written by a learner in a different country. The learner should talk about
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Discuss what the learners have seen, then explain that they have just seen a
message or email arrive in your inbox. Read the email to the learners.
Remind learners not to give their personal information to others and that their Depending on how well learners remember
message needs to follow the THINK rules. these rules, it may be necessary to thoroughly
review the previous activities before continuing.
Model drafting an email. When doing so, make sure you explain your thought
processes and create opportunities for learners to correct you when giving
away overly personal information, or when writing something that does not
conform to the THINK rules.
Give learners time to draft responses of their own. To extend this activity, you Pause to share good examples of emails
can also ask learners to proofread each other’s work and suggest periodically, emphasising the importance of
improvements. being kind and safe.
Model the process of sending the message/email step-by-step in reply to the If your messaging or email application requires
original message, ensuring that learners have understood each step correctly. you to write an email address, take some time
Ask them to send their own messages to the account that you have been to model getting the “@” symbol on the
using during the demonstration. keyboard.
Explain that the messages sent by learners have all arrived in your inbox.
Resources:
An imaginary email from another learner in a different country.
A messaging or email client – ideally without the ability to send or
receive messages outside of the school network.
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
The concept of a digital footprint is introduced, along with some of the reasons why website use is tracked. Learners are then given the opportunity to assess the
reasons why some of the information that they find online might be less reliable than others.
Learning is consolidated through a project that requires learners to research information about their local area which is then presented in the form of a leaflet.
Language:
web browser
search engine
address bar
website
URL
web page
search bar
bookmark
tabs (in the context of a web browser)
index
keyword
ISP
cookie (in the context of a web browser)
reliable (in the context of information)
reputable
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Explain that a web browser’s primary function is to display web pages. Many learners confuse web browsers with
search engines. Make sure that they
Which websites can you think of? understand that a web browser renders
(displays) web pages and that most have the
Write a list of common websites given by learners. facility to search the web, but that this is not
their primary function.
Spend some time modelling the most useful features of your chosen web
browser. In particular, make sure that you identify and model the use of the: This is another opportunity to address any
address bar to access a website using its URL misconceptions related to what websites are.
address bar to use a search engine (if applicable) Learners will often confuse them with apps,
search bar (if applicable) especially where a service has an app and a
‘bookmarks’ or ‘favourites’ facility website, such as when using social media.
history page
back, forward, refresh and stop buttons When modelling the usage of the address bar,
browser tabs (if applicable) very clearly make the distinction between using
share button (if applicable). a search engine and entering a URL.
Learners visit the websites noted earlier and try using different features of the This time to explore is crucial to allow learners
web browser. This activity can be extended if they take a screenshot of the to familiarise themselves with the software
different features and add them to a document, before adding an explanation before any activities are set.
of how they arrived at each outcome.
It might be necessary to demonstrate how to
Distribute copies of a screenshot of a web browser and pre-made labels take screenshots, how to post them to the
containing the features mentioned above, along with their descriptions. learning journal and how to add notes to the
Learners match the labels to the appropriate place on the screenshot. postings.
This activity can be extended by separating the labels and the explanations
so that the learners firstly match them before using them to label the
screenshots.
Resources:
Screenshots of most commonly used web browsers in your school.
Labels detailing website features.
3TC.07 Use keywords to search Explain that the objective for this activity is for learners to understand what a
for information in a search tool. search engine is.
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Place 5 to 8 pieces of information on the walls around the classroom and then Each piece of information should be on a
cover them with another piece of paper, each with a number on. Create an different subject and it should be obvious that
index of the information beneath each of the pieces of paper. Finally, create a this is the case. For example:
set of questions which can be answered by the information on one of the 37542 ÷ 32 = 1173.1875 (Maths)
sheets of paper that are placed on the walls. mammals give birth to live young
(Science)
Start by giving one learner the role of being the ‘Search Engine’. Give this a comma is used to separate items in a
learner the index of what lies beneath each of the numbered pieces of paper. list (English).
Then give another learner a question to answer. This learner needs to choose
a keyword relating to the question (e.g. ‘Maths’ or ‘Science’) and say this to Make sure that you explain how a search
the ‘Search Engine’. The ‘Search Engine’ checks their index and tells the engine works before the activity begins, and
questioner which piece of paper to look at (e.g. ‘Go to paper 3’). The again afterwards to ensure learners understand
questioner goes to paper 3 and finds the answer. the concept.
Once this process has been modelled it can be extended by having several
learners being ‘Search Engines’ and others being ‘questioners’ at the same
time.
End this activity with a discussion about how quickly a search engine works.
Also ask the following question:
What information might be difficult to find using a search engine?
Resources:
Printed pieces of information on discrete subjects.
Numbered sheets to cover the information on discrete subjects.
An index showing the numbers and corresponding pieces of
information.
3TC.07 Use keywords to search What is a keyword? Address any misconceptions about search
for information in a search tool. engines, web browsers and keywords that
Establish that a keyword is a word that illustrates the information you are might emerge.
trying to find.
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Search for a topic of interest within your class that would normally yield
results in child-unfriendly language, such as sites which use a large amount
of technical language.
What could we add to these keywords to help us find information that is child-
friendly?
Explain that there are often websites written for children and that these can
be found by adding more keywords to a search, such as:
for kids
for children
primary school
for 7 year olds
elementary school.
Ask learners to search for websites that give them information on an If not switched on by default, this would also be
appropriate topic of their choosing. They must record: an opportunity to stress the importance of
the order in which they enter their keywords (always remembering to ensuring that the safe search facility of your
add one of the phrases above at the end) chosen search engine is switched on. You
the first three results that appear. must use a search engine that has safe search
At least three searches, using different combinations of keywords, should be functionality.
conducted and recorded by each learner.
At the end of the activity, review the question about the order of keywords and
discuss what learners found.
Resources:
A set of questions for learners to extract keywords from.
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Explain that the following organisations will be monitoring the websites you
visit:
the school (if true) to keep all learners safe and identify any bad
behaviour or risk taking
the ISP (internet service provider) who need that information in order
to deliver the desired web page
the actual websites that learners visit
many websites use tracking cookies to follow which other websites
are visited alongside their own
the browser maker, to monitor the effectiveness of their service and to
check for malicious websites
the manufacturer of the operating system (unless your school runs a
system which does not track usage).
Does that change how you think you should behave online?
Discuss the implications of the discussion and summarise the main points.
Explain that the record of what people do online is called their ‘digital It is not necessary to explain the digital
footprint’. footprint in depth at this stage. It will be
sufficient for learners to understand that they
Learners capture this information by drawing a mind map with the website create information with each visit to a website.
that they have visited at the centre and then writing around the edge who is
likely to have monitored that information, and why.
Introduce the idea that the digital footprint is linked to some of the reasons This is covered more fully in the next activity.
why people create online content and, therefore, why it might be useful for
those people to understand what their potential audience are using digital
devices for.
3DW.01 Understand that people Why might someone write something and put it on the internet?
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
How could you decide whether a source of information is trustworthy? There are many resources freely available
online to help explain this to young learners.
Discuss the possibility of a number of different ideas, however you will Check for any content produced on this topic in
ultimately need to steer your learners towards the following criteria: your country. You may, however, need to
Can the same information be found on different websites? produce a summary before sharing it with
Can you find similar information on a reputable website? You should learners.
have a list of reputable websites that might include a fact-checking
website or a reputable news outlet with child-friendly content. It is important to distinguish between those
Are the motives of the authors likely to be honest (are they trying to websites that sell advertising space in order to
sell you something, do they want to trick you into downloading pay for their existence and those which are
malicious software)? aimed at selling one particular product.
Is there a lot of advertising on the site? This could mean that the Therefore the content of each advert should
information is likely to be less reliable. also be considered.
Give learners copies of website extracts and get them to assess their
reliability against a checklist. This checklist can be based upon the bullet
points above. It would be best to do this in pairs or groups, so that learners
can discuss what they are seeing. This activity can be extended by asking
learners to write a detailed justification for their choices.
Resources:
A list of reputable websites in your country that are known for
producing reliable information.
A selection of website extracts of varying degrees of reliability.
A reliability checklist for learners.
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
They will develop this knowledge through experiencing tasks that were done differently in the past and through identifying the efficiencies that developments in
digital technology have enabled.
Language:
mainframe
client
smartphone
tablet
the cloud
terminals
chat
IRC
server
blogging
online collaboration
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Display a presentation on the history of computers and their use. Answer any What you include in your presentation is
questions that arise during your presentation. If your presentation includes dependent on your context, but it could include:
pictures of old devices, ask learners if they have seen any of these devices the first computers
before and, if so, where. mainframes and their terminals
the first ‘personal computers’
Give learners labels that show key points in computing history and include internet enabled computers
pictures of computers that were frequently used during each of the time smartphones, tablets and the cloud.
periods covered. Ask learners to order the labels chronologically. The content should have meaning for learners
so should focus on uses that they can relate to,
Let’s look at all of these different computers. What has stayed the same? for example devices that were used in the
What has changed? home.
Learners record what has stayed the same, for example that computers still
perform arithmetic and that the primary means of input is a keyboard, whether
virtual or real. They also record what has changed, for example, computers
are much faster, they can perform many more functions and they connect to
the internet.
Once they have recorded their own observations, ask learners to share the
important points with the whole class.
Resources:
A presentation detailing the key points in computing history for your
country.
Some timeline labels with key points in computing history.
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of Work
Resources:
An email client.
A blogging service.
A collaborative document creation service.
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of W
Sample lesson 1
CLASS:
DATE:
Plan
Why did you choose to group the ‘files’ in the way that you did? It is highly likely
that you will see
Choose two groups to discuss this with, ideally one group that has some novel, but
categorised the cards correctly and another incorrectly. Ask which unhelpful
group’s choices are more effective. categories, such
as the main colour
You have grouped your files by subject but how do you think we would on the card. Make
do this on a computer? sure you explain to
the learners why
Establish that you can do the same thing on a computer using folders. this is unhelpful.
Demonstrate the navigation through folder hierarchies on your school’s If your learners are
preferred devices. Provide learners with a list of files that are saved in aware of physical
different folders and explain that they are now going to find those files. folders, you could
draw parallels
What could you use to help you locate the documents? here if you feel it
would aid their
Explain that the files have been grouped into folders relevant to their understanding.
content. This makes it easier for the files to be found.
Learners locate the files on their list and note in a separate document
where they found them. They then save this document in an appropriate
place.
How could you make sure that you have moved all the files to the
32
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of W
Explain that the learners could tick off the files from their list after they You could support
have moved them to a folder. your learners here
by asking them to
categorise the files
on their list on
paper first.
End/Close/ Select a group to explain how they chose to organise their files.
Reflection/
Summary Why did you choose to organise them in this way? Could you have
organised them in a different way?
Reflection
Use the space below to reflect on your lesson. Answer the most relevant questions for your lesson.
Were the learning objectives and lesson focus realistic? What did the learners learn today?
What was the learning atmosphere like?
What changes did I make from my plan and why?
If I taught this lesson again, what would I change?
What two things went really well (consider both teaching and learning)?
What two things would have improved the lesson (consider both teaching and learning)?
What have I learned from this lesson about the class or individuals that will inform my next lesson?
Next steps
What will I teach next, based on learners’ understanding of this lesson?
33
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of W
Sample lesson 2
CLASS:
DATE:
Learning objectives 3TC.07 Use keywords to search for information in a search tool.
Lesson focus / Learners understand:
success criteria the difference between a web browser and a search engine
what a search engine is
how a search engine works
how to select appropriate keywords when searching for information.
Prior knowledge / Previous The internet is a network and that has physical parts.
learning Digital technology can give access to a wide variety of information.
The features of a web browser.
What an index is and its purpose within non-fiction books.
Plan
34
Cambridge Primary Digital Literacy (0072) Stage 3 Scheme of W
Reflection
Use the space below to reflect on your lesson. Answer the most relevant questions for your lesson.
Were the learning objectives and lesson focus realistic? What did the learners learn today?
What was the learning atmosphere like?
What changes did I make from my plan and why?
If I taught this lesson again, what would I change?
What two things went really well (consider both teaching and learning)?
What two things would have improved the lesson (consider both teaching and learning)?
What have I learned from this lesson about the class or individuals that will inform my next lesson?
Next steps
What will I teach next, based on learners’ understanding of this lesson?
35
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