1.
Program to Create an abstract class “Employee” with abstract methods “calculateSalary()” and
“displayEmployeeDetails()”.
abstract class Employee
{
protected String name;
protected int age;
protected String gender;
public Employee(String name, int age, String gender)
{
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.gender = gender;
}
public abstract double calculateSalary();
public abstract void displayEmployeeDetails();
}
class Manager extends Employee
{
protected double baseSalary;
protected double bonus;
public Manager(String name, int age, String gender, double baseSalary, double bonus)
{
super(name, age, gender);
this.baseSalary = baseSalary;
this.bonus = bonus;
}
public double calculateSalary()
{
return baseSalary + bonus;
}
public void displayEmployeeDetails() {
System.out.println("Name: " + name);
System.out.println("Age: " + age);
System.out.println("Gender: " + gender);
System.out.println("Base Salary: " + baseSalary);
System.out.println("Bonus: " + bonus);
System.out.println("Total Salary: " + calculateSalary());
}
}
class Worker extends Employee
{
protected double hourlyRate;
protected int hoursWorked;
public Worker(String name, int age, String gender, double hourlyRate, int hoursWorked)
{
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super(name, age, gender);
this.hourlyRate = hourlyRate;
this.hoursWorked = hoursWorked;
}
public double calculateSalary()
{
return hourlyRate * hoursWorked;
}
public void displayEmployeeDetails()
{
System.out.println("Name: " + name);
System.out.println("Age: " + age);
System.out.println("Gender: " + gender);
System.out.println("Hourly Rate: " + hourlyRate);
System.out.println("Hours Worked: " + hoursWorked);
System.out.println("Total Salary: " + calculateSalary());
}
}
class SalesPerson extends Manager
{
protected double commissionRate;
public SalesPerson(String name, int age, String gender, double baseSalary, double bonus, double
commissionRate)
{
super(name, age, gender, baseSalary, bonus);
this.commissionRate = commissionRate;
}
public double calculateSalary()
{
return super.calculateSalary() + (super.calculateSalary() * commissionRate);
}
public void displayEmployeeDetails()
{
super.displayEmployeeDetails();
System.out.println("Commission Rate: " + commissionRate);
System.out.println("Total Salary (including commission): " + calculateSalary());
}
}
class AbstractExample
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Employee manager = new Manager("John", 40, "Male", 5000, 1000);
Employee worker = new Worker("Mary", 25, "Female", 20, 160);
Employee salesPerson = new SalesPerson("Bob", 45, "Male", 6000, 1500, 0.05);
manager.displayEmployeeDetails();
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System.out.println();
worker.displayEmployeeDetails();
System.out.println();
salesPerson.displayEmployeeDetails();
}
}
2. Another example of abstraction
abstract class Shape
{
// Abstract method (does not have a body)
public abstract double area();
// Concrete method (has a body)
public void display()
{
System.out.println("This is a shape.");
}
}
class Rectangle extends Shape
{
private double length;
private double width;
public Rectangle(double length, double width)
{
this.length = length;
this.width = width;
}
// Implementing abstract method
public double area()
{
return length * width;
}
}
class Circle extends Shape
{
private double radius;
public Circle(double radius)
{
this.radius = radius;
}
// Implementing abstract method
public double area() {
return Math.PI * radius * radius;
}
}
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public class Main
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Shape rect = new Rectangle(5, 4);
Shape circle = new Circle(3);
rect.display();
System.out.println("Area of rectangle: " + rect.area());
circle.display();
System.out.println("Area of circle: " + circle.area());
}
}
3. Example of Java Interface
public class Main
{
// Define the Vehicle interface
public interface Vehicle
{
// Abstract method to start the vehicle
void start();
// Abstract method to stop the vehicle
void stop();
}
// Implement the Vehicle interface in the Car class
public static class Car implements Vehicle
{
@Override
public void start()
{
System.out.println("The car is starting.");
}
@Override
public void stop()
{
System.out.println("The car is stopping.");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// Create an instance of Car
Vehicle myCar = new Car();
// Call methods defined in the interface
myCar.start(); // Output: The car is starting.
myCar.stop(); // Output: The car is stopping.
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}
}
