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2.3.2 Data Encapsulation Facts

The document explains data encapsulation, detailing how messages are broken into packets and transmitted through the TCP/IP and OSI models. It outlines the processes at each layer, from the Application layer preparing data to the Link layer converting packets into frames and bits. Key points highlight the flow of data through the layers, emphasizing the roles of segments, packets, and frames.

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38 views2 pages

2.3.2 Data Encapsulation Facts

The document explains data encapsulation, detailing how messages are broken into packets and transmitted through the TCP/IP and OSI models. It outlines the processes at each layer, from the Application layer preparing data to the Link layer converting packets into frames and bits. Key points highlight the flow of data through the layers, emphasizing the roles of segments, packets, and frames.

Uploaded by

marktabuc
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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2/10/23, 9:23 AM TestOut LabSim

2.3.2 Data Encapsulation Facts

Encapsulation is the process of breaking a message into packets; adding control and other
information; and then transmitting the message through the transmission medium.

This lesson covers the following topics:

Data encapsulation TCP/IP model


Destination host
Data encapsulation key points
Data encapsulation OSI model

Data Encapsulation TCP/IP Model

The following graphic gives you a high-level view of data encapsulation using the TCP/IP model.
The callout numbers refer to the numbered descriptions below the graphic.

1. The Application layer prepares the data to be sent through the network.
2. The Transport layer breaks the data into pieces called segments. The Transport layer adds
sequencing and control information.
3. The Internet layer converts the segments into packets. The Internet layer adds logical
network and device addresses.
4. The Link layer converts the packets into frames. The Link layer adds physical device
addressing information and a frame check sequence (FCS) footer for error detection. It also
converts the frames into bits (0s and 1s) for transmission across the transmission media.

Destination Host

https://labsimapp.testout.com/v6_0_537/index.html/productviewer/1190/2.3.2/0647aac4-09c0-4702-8023-842d9729c1a4 1/2
2/10/23, 9:23 AM TestOut LabSim

On the destination host, the process operates in reverse, with bits from the network medium
sent to the Link layer and processed up the model to the destination Application layer.

Data Encapsulation Key Points

The following can help you remember how data moves through the data encapsulation process.

1. Application layer: data.


2. Transport layer: segments.
3. Internet layer: packets containing logical addresses.
4. Link layer: framing that adds physical addresses and bits that are transmitted on the
network medium.

Data Encapsulation OSI Model

The encapsulation process works in the same manner using the OSI model. As data travels
through the OSI model layers, it is broken into segments at the Transport layer. Logical
addresses are added at the Network layer, making each segment a packet. The Data Link layer
creates frames from each packet using the physical device (MAC) address. Frames are converted
to bits at the Physical layer.

Copyright © 2023 TestOut Corporation All rights reserved.

https://labsimapp.testout.com/v6_0_537/index.html/productviewer/1190/2.3.2/0647aac4-09c0-4702-8023-842d9729c1a4 2/2

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