10TH SOCIAL SCIENCE DO YOU KNOW QUESTIONS-2024:

HISTORY:
LN-1:
1. A Trust is an industrial organization engaged in the production or
distribution of any commodity.
2. President Wilson laid down his Fourteen points which were to be followed
by the Allies.
3. Trenches or ditches dug by troops enabled soldiers to enable to safely stand
and protecting from enemy fire.
4. The Revolutionary Tamil poet Bharathiyar cheerfully welcomed the
Revolution in Russia by penning these spoetic lines….
5. Lenin was born in 1870 near the Middle Volga to educated parents.
6. Lenin was Influenced by the ideas of Karl Marx
7. Lenin gained the support of a small majority (bolshinstvo) known
as Bolsheviks,
8. Lenin opponents, in minority (menshinstvo), were called Mensheviks.
9. Pravda is a Russian word meaning “Truth”.
10. Pravda was the official newspaper of the Communist Party of the Soviet
Union from 1918 to 1991.
LN-2:
1. Gold standard is a monetary system where a country's currency or paper
money carried a value directly linked to gold.
2. Fascism is a form of radical authoritarian ultra-nationalism, characterised
by dictatorial power.
3. Social Democratic Party was founded as the General German Workers
Association on 23 May 1863 in Leipzig. Founder was Ferdinand Lassalle.
4. Bismark outlawed this party from 1878 to 1890.
5. In 1945, with the fall of Hitler, the Social Democratic Party was revived.
6. Social Democratic Party was the only surviving party from the Weimar
period with a record of opposition to Hitler.
7. Decolonisation is a process through which colonial powers transferred
institutional and legal control.
8. Ho Chi Minh was born in Tongking.
9. Ho Chi Minh was Twenty one, he went to Europe.
10. Ho chi minh was worked as a cook in a London Hotel and he
went to Paris.
11. In the Paris Peace Conference he lobbied for the independence
for Vietnam.
12. In 1921 he became a founder member of the French Communist Party.
13. In 1925, Ho Chi Minh founded the Revolutionary youth movement.
14. The descendents of original Dutch settlers of South Africa, also known as
Afrikaners, were called Boers. Their language is Afrikaans.
15. Apartheid, which means separateness, became the racial policy of the
Nationalist Party in 1947.
16. The ANC which fought the practice of racism was banned and its leader
Nelson Mandela was put behind bars.
17. The whole country of South Africa was divided onto separate areas based o
on their different Races.
18. In 1990 the ban on ANC was lifted and Nelson Mandela freed after
27 years.
19. Nelson Mandela became the first black president of South Africa.
20. Dollar Imperialism, the term used to describe the policy of the USA.
LN-3:
1. The word 'Holocaust' is used to describe the Genocide of nearly
six million Jews by the Germans during World War-II.
2. Shakespeare’s Play The Merchant of Venice clearly depicts the dislike the
distrust of Jews among them people.
3. Annihilating the Jews was one of the main items on the political agenda of
Hitler and the Nazis.
4. Money-lending was a major business activity among Jews.
5. Jews were scattered all across Europe.
LN-4:
1. Dr. Sun Yat-sen born in a poor family near Canton,
2. Dr. Sun Yat-sen,was the Father of Modern China was educated in a mission
school and became a Christian.
3. Dr. Sun Yat-sen was then trained as a doctor of medicine in Hong Kong.
4. In 1905 Dr. Sun Yat-sen founded in Tokyo the political party which in 1912
became the Kuomintang or the National People’s Party.
5. Dr. Sun Yat-sen three principles were Nationalism, Democracy, and
People’s livelihood with Socialism as the ultimate object.
6. Mao was born in Hunan in south-east China.
7. Mao’s father was a wealthy peasant, and a firm supporter of the Manchus.
8. Mao, who was very fond of reading, soon showed his ability and entered
the Junior College at Changsha.
9. This was the year (1911) when the Revolution had broken out in China.
10. Mao joined the revolutionary army but soon left and enrolled in the
Teachers’ Training College in Changsha.
11. The rivalry that developed after World War II between the US and the USSR
and their respective allies created tension which is referred to as Cold War.
12. The Secretary of State, George C. Marshall, advanced the idea of a
European self-help programme to be financed by the United States.
13. Sixteen nations, became part of this programme.
14. Administrative and technical assistance was offered through
the Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA) of the United States.
15. Marshall Plan funding ended in 1951.
16. In Palestine, the ancient home of Jews, only a few thousand Jews
were living in 1900.
17. Some 15 million Jews were scattered around Europe and North America.
This is referred to as the Diaspora.
18. In 1896 Thodore Herzel, a Viennese journalist, published a pamphlet
called The Jewish State.
19. In 1897 the World Zionist Organisation was founded.
20. PLO: Palestine Liberation Organisation.
21. In 1969,Yasser Arafat became chairman of the PLO’s executive
committee a position he held until his death in 2004.
22. Yasser Arafat was appointed commander in-chief of the all Palestinian
Arab guerilla forces in September 1970.
23. Yasser Arafat Wearing a disguised pistol and carrying an olive branch and
dressed in a military uniform,
24. Yasser Arafat was elected by the central council of the PLO as the
first president of the state of Palestine on April 2, 1989.
25. Helmut Kohl,Chancellor of West Germany from 1982 to 1990, and played
a crucial role in integrating East Germany into West Germany in 1990.
26. Helmut Kohl thus became the first chancellor of a unified Germany
after forty five years of division.
27. French president Mitterand, Kohl was the architect of the Maastricht
Treaty, which established the European Union (EU) and the euro currency.
28. Perestroika (‘restructuring’) refers to the programme introduced by
Mikhail Gorbachev in the late 1980s.
29. Glasnost (‘openness’) was a policy of ideologically openness introduced
by Mikhail Gorbachev along with Perestroika in the 1980s.
30. Yeltsin was first an ally of Gorbachev. Mayor of Moscow, Yeltsin won
great popularity as a champion of political and economic freedom.
31. Gorbachev’s introduction of democratic elections for the Soviet parliament.
32. Yeltsin was returned to power with overwhelming support of a
Moscow constituency in 1989.
33. President Yeltsin advocated greater autonomy of the Russian Republic,
LN-5:
1. The Age for Marriage was fixed as Ten Years in 1860.
2. The Age for Marriage was raised to Twelve in 1891 and Thirteen in 1925.
3. Sadly, as reported in the Age of Consent Committee (1929), the law
remained on paper and the knowledge of it was confined to judges,
lawyers and a few educated men.
4. Ramalinga bore witness to Hunger and Poverty in the country.
LN-6:
1. Ondiveeran led one of the army units of Puli Thevar.
2. Gopala Navak, the Palayakkarar of Virupachi.
3. Gopala Nayak spearheaded the famous Dindigul League.
4. Dindigul League was formed by Lakshmi Nayak of Manaparai and
Poojai Nayak of Devadanapatti.
5. Gopla Nayak was overpowered by the British Forces in 1801.
6. Kuyili a faithful friend of Velunachiyar.
7. Udaiyaal was a Shephered girl.
8. Kuyili is said to have walked in to the British Arsenal (1780) after
setting herself on fire.
LN-8:
1. Dyarchy a system of Dual Government under the Government of India Act
1919.
2. The Reserved Subjects comprising finance, defence, the police, justice,
land revenue, and irrigation were in the hands of the British.
3. The Transferred Subjects that included local self-government, education,
public health, public works, agriculture, forests and fisheries were left
under the control of Indian ministers.
4. The Dyarchy system ended with the introduction of Provincial Autonomy
in 1935.
5. The British enacted the First Forest Act in 1865.
4. The Indian Forest Act of 1878 claimed that original ownership of forests
was with the State.
5. Shifting cultivation practiced by, the tribal people, was prohibited.
6. Alienation of forests from local control was stiffly resisted by the
aggrieved adivasis (tribals) and the nationalists.
7. Raju's efforts at fighting corrupt officials to protect the interests of
Rampa Tribals.
8. Alluri Sitarama Raju attained Martyrdom for the cause of forest dwellers.
9. 'Real swaraj will come not by acquisition of authority by a few'-M.K.Gandhi.
LN-9:
1. Tamil Nadu was then part of the Madras Presidency which included large
parts of the present-day states of Andhra Pradesh (Coastal districts and
Rayalaseema), Karnataka (Bengaluru, Bellary, South Canara), Kerala
(Malabar) and even Odisha (Ganjam).
2. The Early Nationalists believed in Constitutional methods.
3. When, at the time of Partition of Bengal, Tilak and other leaders adopted
popular methods such as mass public meetings, and used vernacular
languages to address the larger public,
4. George Joseph was born in Chengannur.
5. George Joseph, a Barrister and eloquent speaker.
6. Rosaappu Durai - George Joseph organising and publicising the cause
of Home Rule League in Madurai.
7. A Neill Statue was erected for James Neil at Mount Road,Madras.
8. A Neill Statue was finally moved to Madras Museum when congress Ministry
led by C.Rajaji, formed the Government in 1937.
9. Neill was Later Killed by an Indian Sepoy.
LN-10:
1. In 1930, Muthulakshmi Ammaiyar introduced in the Madras Legislative
Council a Bill on the “prevention of the dedication of women to Hindu
temples in the Presidency of Madras”.
2. The Bill, which later became the Devadasi Abolition Act, declared the
“pottukattu ceremony” in the precincts of Hindu temples or any other place
of worship unlawful.
3. It gave legal sanction to devadasis to contract marriage, and prescribed a
minimum punishment of five years’ imprisonment for those found guilty of
aiding and abetting the devadasi system.
4. The Bill had to wait for over 17 years to become an Act.
CIVICS:
LN-1:
1. Prem Behari Narain Raizada was the calligrapher of the Indian constitution.
2. The original constitution was hand written by him in a flowing Italic Style.
3. Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity were the important slogans during the
French Revolution in 1789.
4. Right to Property (Art. 31) was deleted from the list of Fundamental Rights
by the 44th Amendment Act, 1978.
5. It is made a legal right under Article 300-A in Part XII of the Constitution.
6. The 86th Amendment act of 2002 changed the subject matter of Article 45
and made elementary education a fundamental right under Article 21-A.
7. The 86th Amendment act of 2002 to provide early childhood care and
education for all children until they complete the age of six years.
8. Union List- 100, Concurrent List-61, State List-52.
9. The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 transferred five subjects to
Concurrent List from State List.
10. In 1969 the Tamil Nadu Government appointed a three member committee
under the chairman ship of Dr. P V Rajamannnar to examine the
centre -state relations.
11. In 2004 the Government of India decided to create a new category of
languages called Classical Languages.
12. 42nd Amendment of the Constitution is known as the Mini Constitution.
LN-2:
1. The Retreat Building- Shimla and Rashtrapathi Nilayam at Hydreabad is
two other Residence of President.
2. President of India resides at Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi.
3. Kerala and Punjab are states where the President's rule was imposed for
Nine number of times.
4. If the posts of President and vice President lie vacant,
Chief Justice of India work as President
5. This situation happened in 1969 when Chief justice M. Hidayutulla
was appointed as President of India.
6. According to Article (100) of the Constitution, the Vice President
can/only cast his vote when there is a tie over the bill in the Rajya sabha.
7. Rajya sabha does not have any power to amend or reject the Money bill.
8. Lok sabha can only introduce Money bill.
9. If Rajya sabha fails to pass bill with in 14 days then the bill gets passed
without approval of Rajya sabha.
10. Lok sabha can reject all the proposals and pass it.
11. Elected Members of the Parliament from Tamil Nadu :
Rajya Sabha -18 Members: Lok Sabha -39 Members
12. Budget Session- February to May 13.Monsoon Session- July to September
14. Winter Session - November to December
15. The Supreme Court of India, New Delhi was inaugurated on
January 28,1950.
16. The Supreme Court of India established under the
Government of India Act of 1935.
LN-3:
1. In Tamil Nadu according to the Strength of Legislative Assembly
(234 Members)
2. The Number of Ministers may be up to 36. ie 15 percent of 234.
3. The Tamil Nadu Legislative Council was abolished by
Tamil Nadu Legislative Council (Abolition Bill) in 1986.
4. The Act came in to force on the 1st November 1986
5. The High court of Madras is the one of the Three High courts In India.
6. The High Court Building in Madras is the Second largest Judicial
complex in the World after London.
7. At Present there are 25 High Courts in India.
8. Statue of Sama Neethi Kanda Cholan is located at Madras High Court.
LN-4:
1. The Ministry of External Affairs of India also known as Foreign Ministry
comes under Government of India is responsible for the conduct of foreign
relations of India.
2. The foreign Service Training Institute, New Delhi established in 1986
provides training for officers of Indian Foreign Services(IFS).
3. The Constitution of India 1950 ,Article 51 Lays down Directive Principles
of India’s foreign policy.
4. Diplomacy is the instrument for implementing foreign policy of a state.
5. Foreign Policy is a combination of strategies carefully formulated by a nation
for maintaining relationship with other nations.
6. Domestic policy is the nation’s plan or dealing issues within its own nation.
7. Foreign policy is the nation’s plan for dealing with other nations.
LN-5:
1. The Countries that share the most number of Neighbours touching its
borders are China and Russia.
2. From the Indus Civilization, India and Afghanistan have a deep rooted
multi-faceted relationship.
3. During the region of Kanishka a large number if Indian missionaries went to
China, Central Asia and Afghanistan to preach their religion.
4. Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan of Baluchistan was a prominent leader of
the Indian independence.
5. The Teen Bigha Corridor is a Strip of Land belonging to India on the
West Bengal- Bangladesh border, which was leased to Bangladesh in 2011.
6. Gur Padmasambhava a Buddhist saint who went to Bhutan from India.
7. Mc Mahon Line is the boundary line between India and China,
east of Bhutan
8. Mc Mahon Line was determined 1914 at a Conference of representatives
of British India.
9. The Secretary of State for India in British Cabinet
Arthur Henry McMahon.
10. The Ceasefire line determined in 1949 was called the LOC after 1972.
11. LOC between India and Pakistan.
12. LOC called Radcliffe Line at the time of Partition in 1947.
13. Radcliffe was the chairman of the Border Commission.
14. Ashoka had sent his son Mahinda and Daughter Sangamitra to Ceylon
For the propagation of Buddhism.
15. Chola kings Rajaraja-I and Rajendra-I conquered the northern part of
Ceylon (Srilanka).
16. One of the oldest maritime trading routes ran from ancient Sumeria
via Bahrain to the Indus Civilisation called Meluha.
17. The acronym BRICS was coined by Jim O’Neill, a famous British economist.
18. He predicted that by year 2050 Brazil, Russia, India and China would
become bigger than the six most industrialised nations in dollar terms and
would completely change the power dynamics of the last 300 years.
19. It is the result of an international design competition held in 1969.
20. An Austrian designer Svoboda won the competition with her design, which
combined the different letters of the organisation’s name in a
rounded design.
“Opportunities don’t happen you create them.”-
Best Wishes by SOCIAL SCIENCE Department…
 GEOGRAPHY:
LN-1:
1. Amaravathi is the new Capital of Andhra Pradesh.
2. According to Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act, Hyderabad will be the
capital for both the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana till 2024.
(For 10 years from the act passed).
3. Aravalli range is the oldest fold mountain range in India.
4. Himalaya is the home of several high peaks.
5. Himalaya holds the record of having the maximum number of highest peaks
among any mountain range in world.
6. Out of 14 Highest peaks in this world, Himalayas holds 9 peaks.
7. Major Passes:
Karakoram Pass- Jammu & Kashmir.
Zojila Pass & Shipkila Pass- Himachal Pradesh.
Bomdila pass- Arunachal Pradesh.
Nathula Pass & Jhelepla Pass- Sikkim.
8. The Khyper pass which connects Pakistan and Afganistan.
9. Bolan Pass- Pakistan.
10. In which river the Gerosappa (jog) fall is found? Sharavathi River.
11. West – East extened of India: 2933 km .
12. North - South extened of India: 3,214 km.
13. Area wise the Smallest State: GOA. and Rajasthan is the Largest State.
14. The states which do not have an international border:
Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Telangana.
LN-2:
1. Equable Climate is also called as the British Climate.
2. Weather refers to the state of atmosphere of a place at a given point of time.
3. Climate is the accumulation of daily and seasonal weather events.
4. Mawsynram the place which receives highest Rainfall (1141 cm) in
the world.
5. Mawsynram is located in Meghalaya
6. Project Tiger was launched in April 1973 with the aim to conserve
Tiger population.
LN-3:
1. Soil degradation is an actute problem in India. according to a 2015
report of IIRS.
2. The estimated amount of Soil erosion that occurred in India was
147 Million Hectares.
3. Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) has been implemented
to get more production by using water saving & conservation technologies.
4. First Livestock Census in India was conducted with the title of Dairy Cattle
Census in 1919.
 5. Different names of Shifting Agriculture:
Jhum- Assam
Poonam- Kerela
Podu -Andhra Pradesh,Odisha
Beewar, Mashan,Penda,Beera- Madhya Pradesh
6. State Government is conducting Livestock Census with the help of
Department of Animal Husbandry at state level
LN-4:
1. The Geological survey in India Head quarter as at Calcutta.
2. Indian Bureau of Mines Head quarter is at Nagpur.
3. Non-Ferrous Material Technology Development Centre ,NFTDC,
Hyderabad
4. The Ministry of Mines is responsible for the administration of all mines and
Minerals Development and Regulation Act, (1957)
5. Form of Iron Ores:
Magnetite-72.4%
Hematite-69.9%
Geothite- 62.9%
Limonite- 55%
Siderite - 48.2%
6. SAIL- Steel Authority of India Limited.
7. The Ministry of Steel is responsible for planning and development of
Iron and Steel Industry in India.
8. Manganese Ore India Limited-(MOIL) Head quartered in Nagpur.
9. MOIL was the largest producer of Manganese Ore in India.
10. Hindustan Copper Ltd is a Government owned corporation in the
central public Enterprise.
11. Bauxite is an oxide of Aluminium.
12. The name has been derived after the French word LeBaux.
13. National Aluminium Company Limited- NALCO
14. NALCO in Corporated in 1981 , has units in Odisha at places like
Angul and Damanjodi.
15. Coal India Limited is an Indian State controlled coal mining company
head quartered in Kolkatta, West Bengal.
16. The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MOP&NG) is a ministry of
the Government of India.
17. It is responsible for the exploration, production, refining, distribution,
marketing, import, export, and conservation of petroleum, natural gas,
petroleum products, and liquefied natural gas in India.
18. GAIL is headquartered in New Delhi.
19. Methane stored at high pressure Compressed Natural Gas(CNG).
20. Natural Gas run vehicles are increasingly used in Delhi, Ahmedabad,
 Mumbai, Pune, Kolkata Lucknow, Kanpur, Varanasi, etc
21. In comparison to other fuels, Natural gas poses less of a threat in the
event of a spill
22. The Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL) is in
Mumbai, Maharastra.
23. The first Hydro- electric power station in India was established at
Darjeeling in 1897.
24. National Hydro Electric Power Corporation is located in
Faridabad, India.
25. Solar energy Corporation of India Limited headquarter is located at
New Delhi.
26. Tamil Nadu has the largest installation of Wind turbines in the country.
27. Aralvaimozhi area near kanniyakumari is the largest concentrations of
Wind farm capacity at a single location in the world.
28. The National Institute of wind Energy (NIWE) Chennai was established
in Tamil Nadu in 1998.
29. NIWE main activities include resource assessment testing and certification.
30. The first cotton textile mill was established at Fort Gloster near
Kolkata in 1818.
31. Ginning is the process of separating cotton seed from cotton.
32. National Jute board is headquarter at Kolkata.
33. CSTRI is the only research institute in the country dedicated to the
Research & Developmental activities related to silk technology.
34. CSTRI was established in the year 1983 by the Central Silk Board,
Ministry of Textiles, Govt. of India having head quarter at Bengaluru.
35. Office of the Development Commissioner for Handlooms was set up as an
attached non-participating office on 20th November, 1975 under
the Ministry of Commerce.
36. At present it is functioning under the Ministry of Textiles, headquarters at
Udyog Bhawan, New Delhi.
37. The first paper mill of India was started in 1812 at Serampore in
West Bengal.
38. National Newsprint and Paper Mills (NEPA) is at Nepanagar in
Burhanpur District of Madhya Pradesh.
39. The first attempt to produce iron and steel unit was set up at
Porto Novo in Tamil nadu in 1830.
40. Chennai is nicknamed as the “Detroit of Asia” due to the presence of
major automobile manufacturing units & allied industries around the city
41. Make in India program was launched in 2014 to put India on the
world map as a major hub for global design and manufacturing.
LN-5:
1. In India the First census was carried out in the year 1872.
2. The Complete and Synchronous Census was conducted in 1881.
3. The 2011 Census represents the Fifteenth Census of India.
4. Goa is the most urbanized State.
5. Himachal Pradesh is the least Urbanized State.
6. Uttar Pradesh is the most populous State.
7. Sikkim is the least populous State.
8. Bihar is the most densely populated State.
9. Arunachal Pradesh is the least population density State.
10. Shershah suri built the shahi (Royal) road to strengthen and consolidate
his empire from the Indus valley to the Sonar valley in Bengal.
11. This road from Kolkata to Peshawar was renamed as Grand Trunk(GT)
road during the British period.
12. At present, it extends from Amristar to Kolkata.
13. National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) was established in 1995.
14. It is an autonomous body under the Ministry of Surface Transport.
15. The first sub-urban railway was started in 1925 in Mumbai.
16. Gatiman Express is the fastest operational train in India.
17. This train connects New Delhi and Agra and touches 160 km/h.
18. The state of Meghalaya has no railway network.
LN-6:
1. As per the State Reorganization Act, 1956 state boundaries were
reorganized.
2. All districts of Tamil Nadu except the Chennai, the Nilgiris and
Kanyakumari were bifurcated at different points of time.
3. Chinnakallar near Valparai is the 3rd wettest place in India and the
wettest place in Tamil Nadu.
4. Pichavaram mangrove forest is located near Chidambaram, Cuddalore
district.
5. This is the second largest mangrove forest in the world covering about
1,100 hectares (11 sq.km) of area.
6. It is separated from the Bay of Bengal by a sandbar.
7. It consists of species like Avicennia and Rhizophora.
8. Mangroves helps in the prevention of coastal erosion from waves and
storms.
9. It also protects coral reefs and sea grass meadows from being smothered
in sediments
LN-7:
1. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) is situated at
Aduthurai in Thanjavur.
2. TNAU is established in April 1985.
3. India observed 2018 as National year of Millets.
4. FAO has decided to observe 2023 as the International year of Millets.
5. In organic farming synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulator and
 livestock feed additives are not used.
6. This type of farming rely on crop rotation, crop residues, animal manure,
off-farm organic wastes and biological pest control to maintain
soil productivity.
7. This farming method is being adopted by very few farmers in the state
8. TANTEA (Tamil Nadu Tea Plantation Corporation Limited) is one of the
Biggest Black Tea Producers in India with high quality clonal tea.
9. Its plantation spreads over nearly 4500 hec.
10. To promote organic farming a central scheme named ‘National Project on
Organic Farming’ was launched.
11. A part from general things (creating awareness, promoting organic
fertilizers, training, capacity building etc.)
12. The scheme provides financial assistance through Capital Investment
Subsidy Scheme for agro-waste compost production units,
bio-fertilizers/bio-pesticides production units, development and
implementation of quality control regime, human resource development etc.
13. Tamil Nadu Dairy Development Corporation Ltd. was transformed into
the newly registered Tamil Nadu Co-operative Milk Producers Federation
Limited Popularly known as “Aavin”.
14. Goat is also known as 'Poor Man's Cow'.
15. GI Tag GI(Geographical Indication)is a name or sign used on products
which corresponds to a specific geographical location.
16. It provides rights and protection of holders.
17. The list of IT parks in Tamil Nadu:
Tidel Park, Ascendas, Mahindra world city 4 IT & ITES SEZ TIDEL-II,
IT & ITES SEZ TIDEL-III, Coimbatore SEZ - Tidel Park
18. NH - 44 is the longest national highway in Tamil Nadu which runs from
Hosur to Kanniyakumari (627.2 km) Via
Dharmapuri – SALEM – Karur – Dindigul – Madurai - Tirunelveli.
19. NH - 785 is the shortest national highway in Tamil Nadu which runs
from Madurai to Tuvarankuruchi. (38 km).
ECONOMICS:
LN-1:
1. In 1867-68 for the first time Dadabhai Navroji had ascertained the Per
Capital Income in his book “Poverty and Un-British Rule of India”
2. The modern concept of GDP was first developed by Simon Kuznets for a
US Congress report in 1934.
3. The Central Statistical Organisation (CSO), under the Ministry of
Statistical department keeps the records.
4. It’s processes involves conducting an annual survey of industries and
compilation of various indexes like the Index of Industrial Production (IIP)
Consumer Price Index (CPI) etc.
5. Gross value added (GVA) is the measure of the value of goods and services
produced in an area, industry or sector of an Economy.
6. GVA= GDP + Subsidies - ( direct, sales)taxes.
7. In 1990 Mahbub ul Haq, a Pakistani Economist at the United Nations,
introduced the Human Development Index (HDI).
8. The HDI is a composite index of life expectancy at birth, adult literacy rate
and standard of living measured as a logarithmic function of GDP, adjusted
to purchasing power parity.
9. India climbed one spot to 130 out of 189 countries in the latest human
development rankings released today by the United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP).
10. Between 1990 and 2017, India’s HDI value incased from 0.427 to 0.640,
an increase of nearly 50 percent – and an indicator of the country’s
remarkable achievement in lifting millions of people out of poverty.
11. The term Gross National Happiness was coined in 1972 during an
interview by a British journalist for the Financial Times at
Bombay airport.
12. when the then king of Bhutan, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, said
"Gross National Happiness is more important than Gross National
Product”.
13. In 2011, The UN General Assembly passed Resolution "Happiness:
towards a holistic approach to development" urging member nations to
follow the example of Bhutan and measure happiness and well-being
and calling happiness a "fundamental human goal.
LN-2:
1. FERA (Foreign Exchange Regulation Act 1974) .This Act referred directly
to the operations of MNCs in India.
2. FEMA (Foreign Exchange Management Act 1999) Under FEMA the
emphasis is on ‘Management’ rather than ‘regulation’
3. Rounds of GATT
• First in Geneva (Switzerland) (1947)
• Second in Annecy (France) in 1949
• Third in Torquay (UK) in 1950 – 51
• Fourth, fifth, & Sixth in Geneva (Switzerland) in 1956, 1960-61, 1964 -67.
• Seventh in Tokyo (Japan) in 1973 – 79
• Eighth and final round at Punta del Este (Uruguay) in 1986 – 1994,
known as ‘Uruguay Round’.
4. World Trade Organization(WTO):
Head Quarter: Geneva, Switzerland
Purpose: Regulation, International trade
Members of WTO: Director General, Four Deputy Director General, and
other 600 Official Staff from around 80 member countries.
LN-3:
1. Minimum Support Price is a price fixed by an expert group for a particular
crop by considering various costs involved in the cultivation of that crop.
2. After announcing the MSP , the state will open procurement centres in places
where these crops are widely grown.
3. If the open market price is lower than the MSP, the farmers would get an
assured price (the MSP) by selling their produce to the FCI.
4. On 1 November 2016, National Food Security Act was implemented in
Tamil Nadu after holding out for the Three years.
5. Buffer Stock is the stock of food Grains, namely Wheat and Rice is stored
procured by the government through the Food Corporation of India (FCI).
6. The FCI purchases wheat and rice from the farmers in states where there is
surplus production
7. The purchased foodgrains are stored in granaries.
8. Buffer stock is done to distribute food grains in the deficit areas and among
the poorer strata of the society at a price lower than the market price also
known as the Issue Price.
9. This also helps resolve the problem of shortage of food during adverse
weather conditions or during the periods of calamity.
10. A concept related to purchasing power is purchasing price parity (PPP).
11. PPP is an economic theory that estimates the amount that needs to be
adjusted to the price of an item.
12. PPP can be used to compare countries income levels and other relevant
economic data concerning the cost of living, or possible rates of inflation
and deflation.
13. Recently, India became the third largest economy in terms of PPP.
14. China became the largest economy, pushing the US to the second
position.
15. Under Dr. Muthulakshmi Reddy Maternity Benefit Scheme, financial
assistance to the tune of 12,000 is being disbursed to
poor pregnant women.
16. The Chief Minister’s Comprehensive Health Insurance Scheme was
launched in the state in 2011-12 with the aim to provide Universal
Healthcare to all by providing free medical and surgical treatment.
17. Tamil Nadu Health Systems Projects (TNHSP) has launched ambulance
services free of cost (The 108 Emergency Ambulance Service).
18. The School Health Programme emphasises on providing comprehensive
healthcare services to all students studying in Government and
Government-aided schools.
19. The National Leprosy Eradication programme is being implemented in
the state with the aim to detect and to provide sustained regular treatment
to all leprosy patients.
LN-4:
1. From Adam Smith, many economists have given lists of canons of
Taxation.
2. Taxation in India has its roots from the period of Manu Smriti and
Arthasastra.
3. The Present Indian tax System is based on this Ancient Tax System.
4. In India Income Tax was introduced for the first time in1860 by Sir James
Wilson.
5. To meet the losses sustained by the government on account of the mutiny
of 1857.
6. In India taxes are collected by all the Three tiers of Government.
7. In India direct taxes are collected by Union Government.
8. Taxes on Goods and Services are collected by both Union and State
Government.
9. The Taxes on properties are collected by Local Government.
10.In India We collect more tax Revenue through Indirect Taxes than
through direct taxes.
11. The Major Indirect Taxes in India are Customs duty and GST.
12. France was the first country to implement GST in 1954.
13. State Goods and Service Tax (SGST): Intra state (within the state)
14. Central Goods and Service Tax (CGST): Intra state (within the state)
15. Integrated Goods and Service Tax (IGST): Inter state (integrated GST)
16. There are four major GST rates: (5%, 12%, 18% and 28%) Almost all
the necessities of life like vegetables and food grains are excempted from
this tax
LN-5:
1. Countries in the southern hemisphere are called Global South countries.
2. In order to make development more inclusive, Tier II cities such as
Coimbatore, Madurai, Trichy, Tirunelveli, Hosur and Salem have been
promoted as IT investment destinations apart from the Chennai region.
3. To facilitate this, ELCOT has established ELCOSEZs (IT Specific Special
Economic Zones) in the following eight locations:
4. • Chennai – Sholinganallur • Coimbatore – Vilankurichi
• Madurai – Ilandhaikulam • Madurai – Vadapalanji-Kinnimangalam
• Trichy – Navalpattu Companies desiring to set up units in the state can
avail themselves of the facilities provided in ELCOSEZs.
5. The possibility of setting up ELCOSEZs in new locations will be explored
based on demand and viability.
6. (Map Information Communication Technology Policy - 2018–19)
• Tirunelveli – Gangaikondan • SALEM – Jagirammapalayam
• Hosur – Viswanathapuram
 7. Special Economic Zones (SEZs) policy was introduced in April 2000 for
the settling up of special Economic Zones in the country with a view to a
hassle-free environment for exports.
8. Accordingly, the government has converted Export Processing Zones located
at following places.
Nanguneri SEZ – A multi product SEZ,
Thirunelveli Ennore SEZ – Thermal power project, Vayalur
Coimbatore SEZ – IT Parks
Hosur SEZ – Auto Engineering, Electronics, Defence and Aerospace
Perambalur SEZ – Multi product SEZ
Autocity SEZ – Automobile/Auto Components, Tiruvallur
India-Singapore SEZ – IT & ITES, Electronic Hardware, Logistics
and Warehousing – Thiruvallur District
Bio-Pharmaceuticals SEZ – Clinical Research Organisation, Poison Control
Centre, Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Medicine Research
9. Madras Export Processing Zone (MEPZ) is a Special Economic Zone in
Chennai.
10. It is one of the seven export processing zones in the country set up
the central government.
11.It was established in 1984 to promote foreign direct investment,
enhance foreign exchange earnings and create greater employment
opportunities in the region.
12. The MEPZ headquarters is located on GST Road in Tambaram, Chennai.
13. Startup India Scheme (Launched 16-Jan2016): is an initiative of the
Indian government, the primary objective of which is the promotion
of startups, generation of employment and wealth creation.
14. Standup India Scheme (Launched 5-April-2016): is to facilitate
bank loans between 10 lakh and 1 crore to at least one Scheduled Caste
(SC) or Scheduled Tribe (ST) borrower and one woman borrower per bank
branch for setting up a greenfield enterprise.

BOX TYPE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS:

REVOLUTIONS IN INDIA:
 PETROLEUM PRODUCING AREAS IN INDIA:

IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRIES IN INDIA:

LIST OF PEAKS IN TAMILNADU:

38

313
1349
17,680
21

142
 IMPORTANT CURRENT AFFAIRS OF INDIA - 2024:
Prime Minister of India: -Narendra Modi.
President of India:-Droupadi Murmu.
Vice president of India: -Jagdeep Dhankhar.
External Affairs Minister of India: -Subrahmanyam Jaishankar.
Home Minister of India: -Amit Shah.
Finance Minister of India: -Nirmala Sitharaman.
Education Minister of India: - Dharmendra Pradhan.
Defence Minister of India: - Rajnath Singh.
Chief Justice of India: - Dhananjay Y.Chandrachud.
Chief Election Commissioner of India: -Rajiv Kumar.
Speaker of Lok Sabha: - Om Birla.
Attorney General of India: - R Venkataramani.
IMPORTANT CURRENT AFFAIRS OF TAMILNADU - 2024:
Chief Minister of TamilNadu: - M.K. Stalin.
Governor of TamilNadu: - R.N. Ravi.
Chief Justice of High Court, Madras: - Sanjay Vijaykumar Gangapurwala.
Chief Electoral officier of TamilNadu: - Satyabratha sahoo.
Speaker of Legislative Assembly: -M. Appavu.
Deputy Speaker of Legislative Assembly: -K. Pitchandi.
**** Wish you All the Very Best for Your Brightful Future …..
 Abbreviations:
History:
ANC - African National Congress
UN - United Nations
FAO - Food and Agriculture Organisation
WHO - World Health Organisation
UNESCO - United Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation
UNICEF - United Nations Children Fund
UNDP - United Nations Development Programme
IBRD - International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
IDA – International Development Agency
IFC - International Finance Corporation
IMF - International Monetary Fund
ECOSOC - Economic and Social Council
UNO - United Nations Organisation
NATO - North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
SEATO - South East Asia Treaty Organisation
ECA - Economic Cooperation Administration
CENTO - CENtral Treaty Organisation
NAM - Non Alignment Movement
PLO - Palestine Liberation Organisation
ECSC - European Coal and Steel Community
EDC - European Defence Community
EEC - European Economic Community
SEA - Single European Act
EU - European Union
HRA - Hindustan Republican Army
CPI - Communist Party of India
INA - Indian National Army
MNA - Madras Native Association
MMS - Madras Mahajana sabha
SILF - South Indian Liberal Federation
DK - Dravidar Kazhagam
AITUC - All India Trade Union Conference
WIA - Women’s India Association
AIWC - All India Women’s Conference
Geography:
IST - Indian Standard Time
GMT - Greenwich Mean Time
ITCZ - Inter Tropical Convergence Zone
IBWL - Indian Board for Wildlife
ICAR - Indian Council of Agriculture Research
IIRS - Indian Institute of Remote Sensing
PMKSY - Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana
HYV - High Yielding Variety seeds
NFTDC - Non-Ferrous Material Technology Development Centre
SAIL - Steel Authority of India
MOIL - Manganese Ore India Limited
NALCO - National Aluminium Company Limited
CIL - Coal India Limited
SCCL - Singareni Collieries Company Limited
MOP & NG - Ministry of Petroleum and Natural gas
GAIL - Gas Authority of India Limited
CNG - Compressed Natural Gas
NTPC - National Thermal Power Corporation
CSP - Concentrated Solar Power
MNES - Ministry of Non- Conventional Energy Source
NIWE - National Institute of wind Energy
NEPA - National Newsprint and Paper Mills
BHEL - Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd
TCS - Tata Consultancy Services
GT - Grant Trunk
NH - National Highways
NHAI - National Highways Authority of India
ESCAP - Economic and Social Commission for Asia- Pacific
MRTS - Mass Rapid Transit System
AAI - Airports Authority of India
PIN - Postal Index Number
STD - Subscriber Trunk Dialing
ISD - International Subscriber Dialing
AIR - All India Radio
DD - Doordarshan
CNP - Common National Program
ISRO - Indian Space Research Organisation
INSAT - Indian National Satellite System
IRS - Indian Remote Sensing Satellite System
UNDRR - United Nations office for Disaster Risk Reduction
TRRI - Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute
TNAU - Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
TANTEA - Tamil Nadu Tea Plantation Corporation Limited
GI - Graphical Indication
TNPL - Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Paper Limited
TANCEM - Tamil Nadu Cements Corporation Limited
NASSCOM - National Association of Software and Services Companies
SEZ - Special Economic Zones
TTDC - Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation
CIVICS:
IFS - Indian Foreign Services
SAARC - South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
ASEAN - Association of the South East Asian Nations
SPA - Strategic Partnership Agreement
BBIN - MVA – Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Motor Vehicle Agreement
LOC - Line of Control
COMCASA – Communications Compatibility and Security Agreement
MAHSR – Mumbai – Ahmedabad High Speed Railway
JIM – Japan India Institute of Manufacturing
JEC – Japanese Endowed Courses
GCC - Gulf Cooperation Council
NDB – New Development Bank
CRA – Contingent Reserve Arrangement
SWIFT – Society for Worldwide InterBank
Financial Telecommunication
OPEC – The Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
OPID – OPEC Fund for International Development
Economics:
GDP – Gross Domestic Product
GNP – Gross National Product
NNP – Nat National Product
NDP - Nat Domestic Product
PCI – Per Capita Income
PI – Personal Income
DI – Disposable Income
CSO – Central Statistical Organisation
IIP – Index of Industrial Production
CPI – Consumer Price Index
GVA – Gross Value Added
HDI – Human Development Index
GNH – Gross National Happiness
LPG – Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation
BCE – Before Common Era
CE – Common Era
SLR – Statutory Liquidity Ratio
MNC – Multi National Corporation
FIP – Foreign Investment Policy
GATT – General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs
WTO – World Trade Organisation
TRIPs - Trade related aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
MNE – Multi National Enterprises
PL – Public Law
FCI – Food Corporation of India
MSP - Minimum Support Price
PDS – Public Distribution System
NFSA – National Food Security Act
PPP – Purchasing Power Parity
MPI – Multi- dimensional Nature of Poverty Index
OPHI – Oxford Poverty Human Development Initiative
ICDS – Integrated Child Development Services
RCH – Reproductive and Child Health Programmes
NRHM – National Rural Health Misssion
PTMGRNMP – Puratchi Thalaivar MGR Nutrition Meal Programme
TNHSP – Tamil Nadu Health system Project
PMGYS – Pradhan Manthri Gramodaya Yojana Scheme
GST – Goods and Service Tax
SGST – State Goods and Service Tax
CGST – Central Goods and Service Tax
IGST – Integrated Goods and Service Tax
VAT – Value added Tax
SME – Small and Medium Enterprises
IT – Information Technology.
SIPCOT – State Industries Promotion Corporation of TamilNadu
MEPZ – Madras Export Processing Zone
TANSIDCO – TamilNadu Small Industries Development Corporation
TIDCO – TamilNadu Industrial Development Corporation
TIIC – TamilNadu Industrial Investment Corporation Ltd
TANSI – TamilNadu Small Scale Industries
SC – Scheduled Caste
ST – Scheduled Tribe
“You can’t go back and change the beginning, but you can start
where you are and change the Ending.”
*** Best Wishes by Social Science Department …