S.

25

Coimisiún na Scrúduithe Stáit

State Examinations Commission

JUNIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION, 2006

SCIENCE (REVISED SYLLABUS) – ORDINARY LEVEL

THURSDAY, 15 JUNE – MORNING, 9.30 to 11.30

INSTRUCTIONS

1. Write your examination number in the box provided on this page.

2. Answer all questions.

3. Answer the questions in the spaces provided in this booklet. If you require
extra space, there is a blank page provided at the back of this booklet.

For examiner use only

Centre Number Section/Question Mark

Biology
Q.1 (52)
Q.2 (39)
Q.3 (39)
Chemistry
Q.4 (52)
Q.5 (39)
Q.6 (39)
Examination Number Physics
Q.7 (52)
Q.8 (39)
Q.9 (39)
Coursework
Coursework A (60)
Coursework B (150)
Total (600)
Grade

Page 1 of 20
 Biology
Question 1 (52) For
examiner
use only
(a) The piece of equipment drawn on the right is
used in ecology. (1) (2)
Name the piece of equipment.
Name _____________________________

Give one use of this piece of equipment.

Use _____________________________
Skull

(b) Name the bone of the human skeleton

labelled A in the diagram on the right.

Name A ____________________________

Name an organ that is protected by the

skull. A

Organ ____________________________

(c) Name the part of the flower labelled A

in the diagram. A

Name of A ______________________

Give one reason why insects are attracted

to flowers.

Reason _________________________________

(d) Name the chambers of the heart labelled X

and Y in the diagram. X

Name of X _______________________
Y
Name of Y _______________________ left side

Page 2 of 20
 For
(e) Name the parts of the female reproductive examiner
use only
system labelled A and B in the diagram on
the right. (1) (2)
Name A _________________________
B
A
Name B _________________________

(f) Identify the type of tooth labelled X in X

the diagram on the right.
_____________________________________

Name the mineral needed for healthy growth

of teeth.
_____________________________________________________________

CAKES, SWEETS…
(g) The diagram shows a food pyramid.
Name one item of food that could be
found at X in the pyramid. MEAT, FISH…

____________________________ DAIRY PRODUCTS

FRUIT & VEGETABLES

Why should only a small amount
of the foods at the top of the X
pyramid be eaten?
_____________________________________________________________

(h) The plant in the test tube drawn on the

right was allowed stand in the laboratory Shoot
for a few days to investigate the transport Oil
of water in the plant.
Root
Which part of the plant takes in water?
Water
_______________________________

What would you notice about the level of water

in the test tube after a few days?

______________________________________

Why is it necessary to put oil on the surface of the water in the test tube?
_____________________________________________________________
(7 × 6 + 1 × 10)

Page 3 of 20
Question 2 (39)
For
examiner
(a) Blood helps transport food and other materials around the body. use only
It also helps fight infection.
(1) (2)
Name the liquid part of blood that helps transport materials. (3)

Name ____________________________________________________

Name the blood cells that help fight infection. (3)

Name ____________________________________________________

(b) The heart pumps blood to the lungs

and around the body. The diagram X
shows part of the breathing system.

(i) Name the parts of the breathing

system labelled X and Y
in the diagram. (6)

Name of X
_________________________ Y

Name of Y
_________________________

(ii) Complete the sentence below using a

word from the list on the right. (3) OXYGEN

There is more ____________________ in CARBON DIOXIDE

HYDROGEN
exhaled air than in inhaled air.

(iii) A balance of exercise and rest promotes good health. Name one
activity which has a harmful effect on the breathing system. (3)

Harmful activity _________________________________________

Page 4 of 20
(c) Digestion of food is important so that we can obtain energy from our food. For
examiner
use only
(i) Name the parts of the digestive
(1) (2)
system labelled A, B and C in the
diagram. (9)
A
Name of A ________________
Name of B ________________ B

Name of C ________________ C

(ii) Give one function of the part of the

digestive system labelled B. (3)

Function of B ___________________________________________

________________________________________________________

(iii) Salivary amylase found in the mouth acts on starch in the food we eat.
This action can be investigated in the laboratory.

Water bath
at 37 °C

Starch Salivary Starch solution Water and

solution amylase and salivary amylase
solution salivary amylase

Name the chemical used to test for the presence of starch at the
beginning of the experiment. ____________________________ (3)

When the salivary amylase is added to starch solution and the mixture
placed in a water bath at 37 °C for 5 minutes, a new product is formed.
Name the product formed. (3)

Name of product ___________________________________

Another chemical is used to test for the presence of this new

product. This chemical reacts with the new product to produce a
a brick-red colour when they are heated together in a hot water bath
for 5 minutes. Name this chemical. (3)
Name __________________________________

Page 5 of 20
Question 3 (39) For
examiner
use only
(a) Plants produce a wide variety of seed
types which need to be dispersed (1) (2)
(scattered) in order to avoid competition. A

Identify how the seeds A and B

in the diagram are dispersed. (6)

Seed A _____________________ B

Seed B _____________________

Name one resource that seeds must compete for with the parent plant. (3)
Resource __________________________

(b) A number of cress seeds were set up as shown in the diagram and left
for a few days to investigate the conditions necessary for germination.
Test tubes A, B and D were kept in the laboratory at room temperature.
Test tube C was placed in the fridge at 4 °C.

4 °C Oil
Seeds Moist Seeds
cotton Cooled
wool boiled
Dry
water
cotton
wool
A B C D

(i) Why do only the seeds in test tubes B germinate? (3)

Why? _________________________________________

(ii) Why is the water in test tube D boiled before use? (3)
_________________________________________________

(iii) Explain why the seeds in test tube C failed to germinate. (3)
_________________________________________________

(iv) Why is this investigation considered to be a “fair test”? (3)

________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

Page 6 of 20
(c) (i) In ecology micro-organisms play a major role in recycling nutrients. For
examiner
Name one decomposer from a habitat you have studied. (3) use only

Name of decomposer _________________________ (1) (2)

(ii) Micro-organisms are used widely in biotechnology. Give one use

of biotechnology in industry. (3)

Use _____________________________________________________

(iii) Micro-organisms can be found growing in a variety of locations.

Describe how the presence of micro-organisms in a sample of soil
might be investigated. Include a diagram of any equipment that might
be used. (12)
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

Labelled diagram

Page 7 of 20
 Chemistry
For
examiner
Question 4 (52) use only

(a) Name the piece of equipment drawn (1) (2)

on the right.

Give one use of this piece of equipment.

Name ________________

Use ________________

(b) Natural gas is mainly methane (CH4).

Name one of the two elements found in methane. ___________________

Name one gas produced when methane is burned in air.

___________________________________________________________

(c) Complete the table below identifying one mixture

and one compound from the list on the right. TABLE SALT

MIXTURE COMPOUND CARBON

AIR

(d) The diagram shows three experiments which were set up to

investigate rusting. Study the diagram and answer the questions below.

A B C

Oil
Nails
Nails
Water Calcium
chloride

In which test tube A, B, or C will the nail rust?

Which? _______________

What is the function of the calcium chloride in test tube C?

Function ___________________________________________________

Page 8 of 20
(e) Complete the statements below using one of For
examiner
the words from the list on the right in each case. NEGATIVELY use only

Protons are ________________ charged particles. POSITIVELY (1) (2)

Electrons are ________________ charged particles.

(f) Water is essential for life and is composed of two elements.

Name one of the elements that make up water. _______________________

Name a chemical that can be used to test for the presence of water.

_____________________________________________________________

(g) The picture shows a plastic crate.

Name the raw material used in the making
of plastics.______________________

Most plastics are non-biodegradable.

Explain what is meant by the term non-biodegradable.
_____________________________________________________________

(h) The diagram shows a gas jar of carbon dioxide

gas being poured onto a lighting candle.

What happens to the lighting candle CO2

when the carbon dioxide gas
is poured over it?

___________________________

What does this tell us about carbon

dioxide gas?
_____________________________________________________________

Name the chemical that turns milky white if carbon dioxide is bubbled
through it.
_____________________________________________________________

(7 × 6 + 1 × 10)

Page 9 of 20
 For
Question 5 (39) examiner
use only
(a) Separation techniques are very important in chemistry.
(1) (2)
(i) What is the name given to the separation
technique shown in the diagram? (3)

Technique ______________________ X

(ii) Name two substances which could be

separated using this technique? (3)
Substances _______________________

(iii) Name the part of the apparatus labelled X

in the diagram. (3)

_________________________________

(iv) What is the name given to the

separation technique shown in
diagram on the right? (3)

Name ______________________

(b) The bond in a molecule of hydrogen gas is formed by a shared

pair of electrons.

Name the type of bond found in hydrogen gas. ____________________ (3)

The bonds in sodium chloride are formed by sodium atoms losing electrons
and chlorine atoms gaining electrons.
Name the type of bond found in a sodium chloride crystal. (3)
Type of bonding in sodium chloride ______________________

Page 10 of 20
 For
(c) The diagram shows an arrangement of X examiner
use only
apparatus suitable for the electrolysis of
acidified water. (1) (2)

Name the gas produced at the electrode X

and state a test for this gas. (9)

Gas produced at X ____________________

Test for this gas ________________________________________________

(d) When hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to neutralise

each other, a salt and water are formed. Some of the pieces of equipment
used in this experiment are shown in the diagram.

(i) Name the piece of equipment labelled A. (3)

Name ____________________________

(ii) Name the salt formed when

sodium hydroxide is neutralised by
hydrochloric acid? (3)
Name ________________________

(iii) Which piece of equipment A or B

is usually used to measure the
hydrochloric acid during this A B
experiment? (3)
_________________________________

(iv) How can you tell by using an indicator that enough hydrochloric acid
has been added to neutralise the sodium hydroxide? (3)

__________________________________________________________

Page 11 of 20
Question 6 (39) For
examiner
use only
(a) Many substances found in the home are acids or bases.
(1) (2)
Complete the table below identifying one acid VINEGAR
and one base from the list on the right. (6)
WATER
Acid Base
OVEN CLEANER

(b) Oxygen gas can be prepared in a school

laboratory using the apparatus drawn X
on the right. (6)

(i) Identify a liquid X and a

solid Y that can be used in this
preparation.

Liquid X _________________________ Y

Solid Y _________________________

(ii) Solid Y speeds up the breakdown of liquid X.

What name is given to this type of chemical? (6)

_________________________________

(b) What happens when a “glowing

splint” (very hot piece of wood)
is placed in a gas jar of oxygen? (6)
What? _______________________

Give one property of oxygen that this

demonstrates. (3)

Property ___________________________________________________

Page 12 of 20
 For
examiner
(c) Describe how you could carry out an experiment to grow crystals using use only
alum or copper sulphate. Include a diagram of any equipment used. (12)
(1) (2)
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Labelled diagram

Page 13 of 20
 Physics
For
Question 7 (52) examiner
use only
(a) Find the area of the rectangle drawn on the
(1) (2)
right using the measurements given.
Area _________________________ 4 cm

In what unit is the area measured?

6 cm
Unit _________________________
A B
3
(b) The diagram shows a piece of equipment, 100 cm
3
90 cm
labelled A, containing water. Name A. 3
80 cm
3
Name A _________________________ 70 cm
3
60 cm
A stone was then added and a new volume 50 cm
3

3
was recorded as shown in B. 40 cm
3
30 cm
What was the volume of the stone in cm3? 3
20 cm
3
__________________________________ 10 cm

(c) Heat may be transferred from hot to cold places

by the three methods listed on the right. CONDUCTION
CONVECTION
Choose the method of heat transfer that occurs
RADIATION
in each of the following.

The boiling of water in a kettle. ___________________________

The heating of the Earth by the Sun. ___________________________

(d) The picture shows a flash of lightning.

What type of energy generates lightning?
_________________________________

The flash of lightning is seen before the

thunder is heard. What does this tell us
about the speed of light?
_________________________________
_________________________________

Page 14 of 20
 For
(e) The diagrams on the right show examiner
use only
the arrangement of particles in
a solid, a liquid and a gas. (1) (2)

Which diagram A, B or C A B C
shows a gas?
____________________________

Name the physical change that takes place when A changes into B.
Physical change _______________________________

(f) Complete the equation in the box below using

the words on the right.
AREA

Pressure = FORCE

Name the piece of equipment used to measure pressure?

____________________________________________

(g) The equipment shown in the diagram Eye

was set up and used in an experiment
on light.

What would the eye on the right see

if the middle card was moved slightly? Lamp

_____________________________________

What does this experiment tell us about light?

_____________________________________

(h) The diagram shows a bar magnet.

Draw the pattern made
if iron filings or plotting
compasses were placed N S
around the bar magnet.

Give one use of a magnet?

______________________________________
(7 × 6 + 1 × 10)

Page 15 of 20
 For
Question 8 (39) examiner
use only

(a) The diagram shows a three-pin plug with the X (1) (2)
back removed.

(i) What is the correct names for

the cables labelled X and Y.

Name of X ________________ (3)

Y
Name of Y ________________ (3)

(ii) Give one reason why the back covering (casing) of a plug
is made from plastic. (3)

Reason ________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

(b) Appliances vary in the amount of electricity

they use depending on their power rating.

A tumble drier has a high power rating

of 2.5 kW.
(i) Name another appliance found in the
home that has a high power rating.
Name ____________________________ (3)

(ii) Name an appliance found in the home

that has a low power rating.
Name ____________________________ (3)

(iii) The ESB charges for electricity at a rate of 12 cent per kW h.

A tumble drier of power rating 2.5 kW is used for 2 hours each
week for 4 weeks.
How many units of electricity are used?
Number of units ______________kW h (3)

What is the cost, in cent, of using the tumble drier? (3)

Cost ______________ cent

Page 16 of 20
 For
examiner
(c) A student set up the circuit drawn use only
on the right to investigate different
materials to see which were electrical (1) (2)
conductors and which were electrical
insulators.
Bulb
• •
(i) What would you expect to observe A B
when an electrical conductor is
connected between the contact points A and B? (3)

Give a reason for your answer. (3)

Observation _______________________________________________

Reason __________________________________________________

(i) What would you expect to observe

when an electrical insulator is
connected between the contact points A and B? (3)

Give a reason for your answer. (3)

Observation _______________________________________________

Reason __________________________________________________

(d) The diagram shows the symbol of a LED.

Complete the circuit on the right by • •

drawing in the LED so that the LED
will light when the switch is closed. (3) 330 Ω

Why is there a resistor connected in series with the LED? (3)

Why? _____________________________________________________

Page 17 of 20
 For
Question 9 (39) examiner
use only
(a) Friction is an example of a force.
(1) (2)
(i) Give another example of a force. (3)
_______________________________________
(ii) Give one way to reduce friction. (3)
_______________________________________
(iii) After what scientist is the unit of force named?
Name _______________________________ (3)

(b) A student carried out an investigation to

examine the relationship between the
extension (increase in length) of a spring
and the force applied to it.
The diagram shows the apparatus used.
The table shows the data collected by the student.

Force (N) 0 2 4 6 8
Extension (cm) 0 4 8 12 16

(i) Describe how the student could have

taken any one of these measurements. (6) (9)
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

(ii) Draw a graph of the

extension (y-axis) 16
against the force
in the grid provided
on the right. (9) 12

Extension (cm)

(iii) What force results

in a 6 cm extension 4
of the spring?
___________ N (3)
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Force (N)
Page 18 of 20
(c) Energy cannot be created or destroyed but it can be changed from one form For
examiner
to another e.g. chemical energy can be converted into heat energy. use only

(i) Describe an experiment you could carry out to show the conversion (1) (2)
of chemical energy to heat energy.
Draw a labelled diagram of any equipment used. (9)
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

Labelled diagram

(ii) Give an example from everyday life where electrical energy is

converted to kinetic energy. (3)

Everyday example_______________________________________

_______________________________________________________

Page 19 of 20
 For
examiner
EXTRA WORK SPACE use only

Indicate clearly the number and part of the question(s) you are answering. (1) (2)
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Page 20 of 20