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OS_Threading_Synchronization

The document discusses various aspects of threading and synchronization in operating systems, including multithreading, advantages and disadvantages of threads, and the differences between user-level and kernel-level threads. It also covers synchronization mechanisms, critical sections, race conditions, and problems like producer-consumer, deadlock, livelock, and starvation. Additionally, it includes numerical questions related to synchronization scenarios and their implications on system performance.

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mehrakriti341
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8 views

OS_Threading_Synchronization

The document discusses various aspects of threading and synchronization in operating systems, including multithreading, advantages and disadvantages of threads, and the differences between user-level and kernel-level threads. It also covers synchronization mechanisms, critical sections, race conditions, and problems like producer-consumer, deadlock, livelock, and starvation. Additionally, it includes numerical questions related to synchronization scenarios and their implications on system performance.

Uploaded by

mehrakriti341
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Questions on Threading and Synchronization in Operating Systems

By: Nityanand Kumar, Assistant Professor, CSE Department

Threading
1) - Explain the concept of multithreading in operating systems. How does it differ from
multiprocessing?

2) - Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using threads in an application.

3) - Differentiate between user-level threads and kernel-level threads.

4) - What are thread states, and how does a thread transition between these states?

5) - Describe the challenges involved in thread scheduling in a multithreaded environment.

Synchronization
6) - What is process synchronization? Why is it necessary in an operating system?

7) - Explain the concept of a critical section. Why is it important to solve the critical section
problem?

8) - Discuss various synchronization mechanisms, such as semaphores, mutexes, and


monitors, with examples.

9) - What are race conditions, and how can they be prevented?

10) - Explain the producer-consumer problem and how it can be solved using semaphores.

11) - Describe the role of condition variables in synchronization.

Combined Questions
12) - Discuss how threads can cause synchronization issues and propose solutions to
address them.

13) - Explain deadlock, livelock, and starvation in the context of threading and
synchronization. Provide examples for each.

14) - Describe how thread synchronization is implemented in modern operating systems.

15) - Analyze the differences between busy-waiting and blocking in thread synchronization.

16) - How does thread synchronization affect system performance? Discuss trade-offs.

CSE Dept., GEC Khagaria


Numerical Questions:

17) - In a producer-consumer problem, the producer generates 10 items per second, and
the consumer processes 8 items per second. Assuming the buffer can hold a maximum of 20
items:

a. Calculate the time taken for the buffer to overflow if no synchronization is applied.

b. What happens if synchronization mechanisms like semaphores are used to control the
buffer size?

18)- A system uses a semaphore for synchronization, initialized to 3. Four threads (A, B, C,
D) request access simultaneously:

a. If each thread requires the semaphore for 2 seconds, calculate the waiting time for each
thread.

b. What is the total time required for all threads to complete their execution?

19) - In a dining philosophers problem with 5 philosophers, each philosopher eats for 30
seconds and thinks for 20 seconds. If the synchronization mechanism ensures a maximum
of 2 philosophers can eat simultaneously, calculate the total time taken for all philosophers
to eat 2 meals.

***********

CSE Dept., GEC Khagaria

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