Surah 99: The name of this Surah is Surah al-Zilzal and it is an early Madni Surah.

The major theme of this Surah

is Allah and His created world and the main theme of this Surah is the hereafter and life after death. This Surah is
linked to the day of judgment and tells us about the signs of the last day. The earth will be shaken and mankind will
be baffled with chaos. Everything will be destroyed by Allah as he has the power to destroy his own creations. The
earth will give testimony on what occurred, from environmental abuse to the neglect of resources and nothing will be
kept a secret. People will be divided into two groups, the good and the evil. They will be presented with a record of
their deeds and judged by Allah. Allah will be the judge “Master of the day of judgment.” Every little act of goodness
or sin will be taken account of by Allah and complete justice will be done. Importance: The verses solidify Muslim
belief in the day of judgment. It creates a path of accountability, reminding Muslims to stay on the straight path as
guided in the Quran and Sunnah by the HP. Good deeds will be rewarded which encouraged Muslims to always do
good, for example by fasting during the month of Ramadan. This keeps them away from displeasing things like lying,
cheating, gossiping, and not obeying God’s commandments. Muslims feel comforted by God’s justice that no good
deed will go unnoticed, or bad dad will go unpunished. It also reminds Muslims that Allah is the feirest of all judges.

Surah 42:4-5: The name of this Surah is Surah Al-Shura and it is a Makki Surah. The major theme of this Surah is
Allah and Himself and the main theme of this Surah is Allah's majesty as creator and his greatness is being
confirmed. It also tells us that forgiveness and guidance are given from Allah to humanity. Allah is the master and the
owner of the earth, heaven, and everything therein. No one has share in his authority and power and is beyond
human comprehension. Allah is extremely merciful towards his creations “most gracious and most merciful.” The
angel glorify Allah and praise him and seek his forgiveness for those on earth as they know Allah is forgiving and
merciful. Importance: The importance here is that God tells humankind of His power and control over all things, so
they should remember that they do not have any power in comparison. God is merciful, even when Muslims have
committed wrong actions, so Muslims have someone to turn to in times of need. As God is merciful to humankind,
they in turn should be grateful and also try to be forgiving of others, even if they have been hurt or injured. Allah is
sublime and great to the highest degree so much so that the highest heavens are almost ready to burst asunder by
the glory of Allah and fear of His Might.

Surah 6:101-103: The name of this Surah is Surah Al Anam and is the sixth Surah of the Quran. It is a late Makki
Surah and falls under the major theme of Allah and himself. The main themes of this Surah are Allah’s power as a
creator and his knowledge as a creator. It also highlights the theme of Tauhid. Allah has unlimited knowledge, unlike
his creations. He is powerful and does not have any children or partners. “He does not beget nor is he begotten.” He
is the creator of the heavens and the earth. Everything originates with him. There is only one god which is Allah and
we should only worship him. He is the one who has the power to help humans. Importance: These themes have a
lot of importance in a Muslim's life today. It reinforces the concept of the oneness of Allah and focuses on him as the
sole creator and it emphasizes monotheism and divine power as opposed to plagiarism and idolatry. It reminds
Muslims that Allah sees and hears all that mankind does so Muslims should keep this in mind with everything they
do. He has the ultimate authority over affairs.

Surah 41:37: The name of this Surah is Surah Fussilat and is a late Makkan Surah and was revealed after HP
uncle Hamza embraced Islam. The major theme of this Surah is Allah and Himself and the main theme of this Surah
focuses on Allah as creator and Tawhid. God creates and controls everything; the order of the sun and the moon are
God's signs for humankind. They are signs of His power; only He should be worshipped; no one is equal to Him. It is
a negation of paganism; the sun and moon are not to be worshipped. “To him is due the primal origin of the heavens
and the earth.” “Lord of the worlds.” This Surah also forbids the concept of Shirk. Importance: The importance is that
it creates a strong link with God so Muslims do not look up to anything/anyone else, famous people, money, etc., and
they worship only Him. It stops them from committing shirk. It shows Muslims how God guided His messengers, in
this case, Ibrahim. God's signs invite Muslims to observe their environment. It creates awe and wonders to help get
closer to Him. It reminds humankind that He is the creator of all things.
Revelation and different ways from 610 to 632 AD: The Qur’an was revealed to the Prophet (PBUH) over a
period of 23 years. Quran was revealed in verses and chapters. Many of them were generally revealed to solve the
problems which existed among the communities in both Makkah and Madinah. The Quran was not revealed in order,
the HP made the arrangement of Surahs and verses under divine instruction. -The revelation of the Quran started in
610 with the first five verses of Surah Alaq in the cave of Hira to HP. “Read in the name of your Lord who created,
created man from a clot of blood.” There was no other revelation for 6 months, which caused the Prophet to worry.
Once they started again they came strongly and frequently. then the second revelation came “O you who are
wrapped in your mantle! Arise and warn! Glorify your lord!” Then the Prophet was ordered to preach to his relatives
“And warn your relatives.” This resulted in the HP holding a feast for his uncles. It was soon followed by a command
to make his message public. “Therefore declare openly to them, what you are commanded.” Hence, the HP stood on
mount Safa and made an open call and a few people including Hazrat Ali and Zubayr. The revelations continued for
the next 23 years until Prophet's death in 632 Ad. The last verse was revealed in Arafat in Makkah,

“This day I have perfected your religion for you and completed my favor onto you, and have chosen for you as
religion.” -HP received all these revelations in different forms. Sometimes the revelations came in form of true
dreams. Aishah (RA) said, “each dream the messenger of Allah, turned out to be true.” Sometimes the Angel Jibril
would come in the form of a man, which the companions witnessed, and a few times the Prophet saw the Angel in his
original form, e.g. during his night journey, Isra and Miraj. The most difficult was when they came as the ringing of a
bell, and this would weigh down on him, so much so that his camel could not withstand the weight. During one of the
revelations, put pressure on Zayd’s thigh when he was sitting next to the Prophet. The revelations were not within
HP's control, he had no idea when they were coming and they were safeguarded by God. HP received direct
revelation from Allah during his night journey which strengthened his spirit. Different verses/Suras were revealed to
HP according to the need of time and circumstances. Once the Jews asked HP to describe Allah so they could
compare His description with their own sculptures. Surah al-Ikhlas was then revealed and was later conveyed to the
Jews in response to their questions. Some verses were also revealed in battles like Badr to confirm his support and
for making things lawful.

First Revelation: Muhammad (pbuh) believed that there was only one Allah, Creator of the sun, the moon, the earth, the sky, and of
all living things, and that all people should worship only Him. Muhammad (pbuh) would often leave the crowded city and go to the
cave in Mount Hira'. He liked to be alone there, away from all thoughts of the world and daily life, eating and drinking little. In his
fortieth year, Muhammad (pbuh) left Mecca to spend Ramadan, the traditional month of retreat, in the cave. In the second half of
Ramadan, Allah began to reveal His message for mankind through Muhammad (pbuh). This first Revelation occurred as follows.
The Archangel Gabriel came to Muhammad (pbuh) in the cave and commanded him to 'Read'. Muhammad (pbuh) replied 'I cannot
read.' At this the Archangel took Muhammad (pbuh) in his arms and pressed him to him until it was almost too much to bear. He
then released him and said again 'Read.' 'I cannot', replied Muhammad (pbuh), at which the Archangel embraced him again. For the
third time the Archangel commanded Muhammad (pbuh) to read, but still he said he could not and was again embraced. On
releasing him this time, however, the Archangel Gabriel said: “Read: In the Name of thy Lord who createth, Createth man from a
clot. Read: And thy Lord is the Most Generous Who teacheth by the pen, Teacheth man that which he knew not. (Qur'an 96.1-5)
Muhammad (pbuh) repeated these verses, just as the Archangel had said them. When the Archangel was sure Muhammad (pbuh)
knew them by heart, he we away. Now that he was alone Muhammad (pbuh) could not understand what had happened to him. He
was terribly afraid and rushed out of the cave. Perhaps the cave was haunted? Perhaps the devil had taken a hold of his mind?

But he was stopped by a voice from heaven which said; '0 Muhammad (pbuh) you are the Messenger of Allah, and I am Gabriel.' He
looked up at the sky and wherever he turned he saw the Archangel Gabriel. In a state of confusion he returned home to Khadijah.
When his wife saw him she became very worried as he began to shiver, as though in a fever. He asked her to wrap him in blankets,
which she did. After a while he recovered sufficiently to tell her what had happened at Hira'. Khadijah believed all that he told her
and with great respect said: 'Be happy, 0 son of my uncle and be confident. Truly I swear by Allah who has my soul in His hands,
that you will be our people's Prophet.' Muhammad (pbuh), the Messenger of Allah, was eased by her faith in him, but after all that
had happened he was exhausted and felt fast asleep. Khadijah left the Prophet (pbuh) sleeping and went to see her cousin,
Waraqah Ibn Nawfal, to ask him what he thought about all that had happened. Waraqah was a very wise man who had read many
books and had become a Christian after studying the Bible. He told Khadijah that Muhammad (pbuh) had been chosen by Allah to
be His Messenger. Just as the Archangel Gabriel had come to Moses before and had ordered him to guide his people, so, too,
would Muhammad (pbuh) be the Prophet of his people. But Waraqah warned that all the people would not listen to the Prophet and
some would mistreat his followers. He must, however, be patient because he had a great message for all the world. From that day
on, the Archangel Gabriel came often to the Prophet (pbuh) and the verses he taught him, the message from Allah to man, were
later written down, and are known to us as the Holy Qur'an.
COMPILATION OF THE QURAN: The Quran was not complied in the book form during the lifetime of the Prophet (SAW). Events
after his death led to the compilation of the Quran in book form. The Quran was written down during the lifetime of the HP (SAW)
whenever, a revelation came. The Quran was written on the branches of palm tree, tablets of stone, bones of camel and goat and on
pieces of leather. DURING THE reign of Abu Bakr (RA) manu battles were fought including the battle of Yummah, in which 660
Huffaz Quran were martyred. Umar (RA) feared that the Quran may lost, forgotten, or corrupted so he suggested Abu Bakr (RA) to
compile the Quran in a book form. Abu Bakr (RA) was reluctant to do so and said “Umar, how shall I do something, which the
apostle of Allah did not do?” Umar (RA) used logic to convince Abu Bakr (RA), that the Quran might have a similar fate to that of the
previous scriptures which were changed. Abu Bakr (RA) was then convinced and called upon Zayd bin Sabit. Zayd was a scribe of
the Prophet (SAW) and was present during the last recitation of the Quran by the HP to the Angel Gabriel, and was asked to gather
what had already be written in the time of Prophet.

Zayd collected the Quran from all sources. And then the verification process took place. After every Surah was compiled it was
handed over to the custody of Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) and then in possession of Umar (RA). On his death it was passed on to this
daughter Hafsah (RA), a widow of the Prophet (SAW). DURING THE CALIPHATE OF USMAN (RA) the Muslim state had expanded
considerably. Hazrat Huzaifa noticed that in some areas of the Muslim empire the Quran was being read in different dialect.
Especially in the newly conquered areas, especially among the new converts. He got alarmed and reported this matter to Usman
(RA). He suggested that immediate action should be taken as people might start differing about the Quran. Usman (RA) asked
Hafsah (RA “Send us manuscripts of the Quran so that we may compile the Quranic materials in perfect copies and return the
manuscripts to you.” Usman (RA) then asked Zayn and three other men to make a number of copies from the authenticated copy of
the Quran that was in the custody of Hafsah (RA). The original copy was returned to Hafsah (RA) and 4 new copies were made
which were sent to the 4 corners of the Muslim empire. All the other previous copies of the Quran were then burned.