UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS REGIONES AUTÓNOMAS DE LA COSTA

CARIBE NICARAGÜENSE
URACCAN
CENTRO UNIVERSITARIO REGIONAL LAS MINAS – EXTENSION WASLALA

Subject: Translation
I. General Data

Class N° 2

Date: March 2nd,2025

Major: Bachelor´s degree in English

Subject: Translation

Academic year: 2025

Time: 4 hours

Shift: Diurnal- afternoon

Unit to develop: unit II: TRANSLATION THEORY AND PROCESS

Contents: Translation theory and process

 Subcontents:
 Semantic/communicative translation; direct/indirect translation;
specialized/nonspecialized translation
 Steps of translation process: understanding, de verbalization, reformation,
verification
 Text contexts: situational, verbal, cognitive, and socio-historical
Objectives:

 Conceptual
 Analyze the situational, verbal, cognitive, and socio – historical context on
an original text prior to translating
 Procedural
 Differentiate between different types of translation
 Explain the steps of translation process: understanding, de verbalization,
reformation, verification.
 Apply the steps of the translation process to basic text

 Attitudinal

 Express willingness to collaborate in whatever issues shows up

Forms of Organization of Teaching Learning strategies
(FOE)
 Oral participation
 Presentation  Quiz
 pair work  Complete task
 Games  Practical classes
 Video  Individual assignations
 Music

BIBLIOGRAPHY.
Lansdale & Beeby (1996) teaching translation from Spanish to English:
Worlds Beyond Words. University of Ottawa Press.

Hatim B. & Munday J. (2004) “Translation: An advanced resource book”

Routledge, New York.

URACCAN. (2017). Sistema de Evaluación de los aprendizajes desde la

pedagogía intercultural. Managua, Nicaragua. URACCAN. (2016).

Régimen Académico. Managua Nicaragua.

URACCAN. (2016). Proyecto Educativo Institucional. Managua

Nicaragua.

URACCAN. (2004). Modelo Pedagógico. Managua Nicaragua.

II. Introduction
Theory and the Process of Translation! In this unit, we will explore the essential
fundamentals and techniques that guide the practice of translation. Translation is
not just an act of converting words from one language to another; it is a complex
process that involves a deep understanding of the context, culture, and intent of
the original text.
Semantic/Communicative Translation: We will analyze the differences between
translation that focuses on the precise meaning of words (semantic) and translation
that seeks to effectively convey the message in the target language
(communicative). Direct/Indirect Translation: We will explore when it is appropriate
to translate literally (direct) and when it is necessary to adapt the text to maintain
its essence (indirect).

Specialized/Non-Specialized Translation: We will discuss the particularities of

translating technical or specialized texts versus more general texts. Steps of the
Translation Process: Understanding: The first crucial stage where the translator
must fully understand the original text.

Deverbalization: The process of abstracting the meaning of the text, separating it

from the specific words. Rewording: The stage of recreating the text in the target
language, while maintaining the original meaning and intent. Verification: The final
revision to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the translated text.

Textual Contexts: Situational: The context in which the text is produced and
received. Verbal: The words and linguistic structures used. Cognitive: The prior
knowledge and expectations of the reader.

Socio-historical: The cultural and historical factors that influence the text.
Throughout this unit, we will develop critical skills to address these aspects and
improve our ability to translate effectively and accurately. Let's begin this
fascinating journey into the world of translation.

III. body

In this unit, we will delve into the theory and process of translation, addressing both
conceptual and procedural and attitudinal aspects. Our aim is to provide a
comprehensive understanding of the different types of translation and the steps
required to carry out an effective translation.
To begin, we will analyse the different contexts that influence a source text before
proceeding to its translation. It is essential to understand the situational context,
which refers to the circumstances in which the text is produced and received. We
will also consider the verbal context, which encompasses the words and linguistic
structures used, and the cognitive context, which includes the reader's prior
knowledge and expectations. Finally, we will explore the socio-historical context,
which encompasses the cultural and historical factors that influence the text.

This analysis will allow us to approach translation with a more complete and
accurate perspective. Next, we will differentiate between the different types of
translation. Semantic translation focuses on the precise meaning of words, while
communicative translation seeks to effectively convey the message in the target
language.

We will also explore direct translation, which involves a literal conversion of the
text, and indirect translation, which requires adapting the text to maintain its
essence. In addition, we will discuss the particularities of specialized translation,
which applies to technical or specific texts, versus non-specialized translation,
which applies to more general texts.

The translation process consists of several essential steps. First, we must fully
understand the source text, making sure to capture its meaning and nuances.
Then, we move on to verbalization, which involves abstracting the meaning of the
text, separating it from the specific words. The next stage is reformulation, where
we recreate the text in the target language, maintaining the original meaning and
intent.

Finally, we perform verification, reviewing the translated text to ensure its accuracy
and coherence. We will apply these steps to basic texts to practice and hone our
translation skills. In addition to the technical aspects, it is important to foster a
collaborative attitude in the translation process.

We will express our willingness to collaborate on any problems that arise, working
together to find solutions and improve our translations. We will use methodological
strategies such as case-based learning, comparative analysis, conceptual maps
and collaborative work to enrich our understanding and skills.

Homework:

IV. Conclusion

Class summary

Check through questions if the objectives were achieving continue.

1. What did you learn today?

2. Can you identify the meaning of translation?
3. What is the difference between translation and interpretation?
4. Can you suggest some tools to translate?

UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS REGIONES AUTÓNOMAS DE LA COSTA

CARIBE NICARAGÜENSE
URACCAN
CENTRO UNIVERSITARIO REGIONAL LAS MINAS – EXTENSION WASLALA

WORK GUIDE N° 2: Translation theory and process

DATE: March 2nd, 2025

MAJOR: Bachelor´s degree in english language teaching

LEVEL: V

TEACHER: Lic. Gladys Auxiliadora Diaz Muñoz

I. LEARNING OUTCOMES
 Analyze the situational, verbal, cognitive, and socio – historical context on
an original text prior to translating
 Differentiate between different types of translation
  Explain the steps of translation process: understanding, de verbalization,
reformation, verification.
 Apply the steps of the translation process to basic text
 Express willingness to collaborate in whatever issues shows up.
II. CONTENTS.
- Translation theory and process Semantic/communicative translation;
direct/indirect translation; specialized/nonspecialized translation.
- Steps of translation process: understanding, de verbalization, reformation,
verification.
- Text contexts: situational, verbal, cognitive, and socio-historical.

III. EXPECTED PRODUCT

Guide solved with at least 80% correct solutions
Active participation during the class
Good behavior in the classroom

Activities

Introduction and Initial Discussion

Activity: Guided discussion on the importance of translation and the different

approaches.

- Comparative analysis. Present two versions of the same text translated

using different strategies and analyze the differences.
Presentations with examples of translations (literary, technical, communicative,
semantic).

- Creation of conceptual maps on the types of translation and the steps of the
translation process.

- Students organize the information in groups and present their map to the
class.

- Case-based learning. Each group analyzes a text, identifies its context

(situational, verbal, cognitive and socio-historical) and proposes a
translation approach.
Application of the Translation Process

- Guided translation in groups following the steps of the process:

comprehension, de-verbalization, reformulation and verification.

- Collaborative group work. Each group translates a fragment and receives

feedback from the teacher and classmates.

Evaluative activities: work in group

1. Write two examples of each type of translation: Semantic/communicative

translation; direct/indirect translation; specialized/nonspecialized translation.
2. Apply the steps of translation process to a short text:
Original Text: "The company is launching a new product next month."
1. Comprehension:
2. De verbalization:
3. Reformulation:
4. Verification:
3. Choose four different texts, either in English or Spanish, and translate them
according to context: situational, verbal, cognitive, and socio-historical.

Reflection and Evaluation

- Discussion on the challenges encountered and solutions applied. Reflection

on the importance of collaboration.

Evaluation:

• Participation in group activities and debates.

• Quality of conceptual maps and case analysis.
• Precision in the application of the steps of the translation process.
• Reflection and final self-evaluation.

Asistencia 2/03/2025
1. Elyin lopez
2. Alexis ochoa
3. Olman Perez
4. Alexander Vanegas
5. Annolis Saenz
6. Michael Gallo Rodriguez
7. Henry Quiñonez Martinez
8. Skinner Palacio Diaz
9. Gladys Amaya
10. Jolibeth Hernandez
11. Norvin Lopez
12. Santos Joel Aguilar
13. Karla Vanesa
14. Dania Selena Flores