Chapter 1

Check in 1 page 3 Exercise 1c page 9

1 a 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 b 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 1 a 1.3 b 2.9 c 0.5
2 a 7 + 3 = 10 b 5 + 9 = 14 2 a 6 b 0.9 c 300 d 0
c 8 + 4 = 12 d 4 + 6 = 10 e 5 tenths f 20
3 Level 0 3 a 1.2 b 1.9 c 3.5 d 4.1
4 a 2.3 < 3.2 b 3.1 > 2.9 c 5.3 < 6.1 d 4.0 > 3.8
Exercise 1a page 5 e 3.8 < 4.2 f 5.0 > 4.9 g 3.0 > 0.4 h 0.7 < 0.9
1 a (100 + 100 + 100) + (10 + 10 + 10 + 10) + 5
(1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1) 1000s 100s 10s 1s . 1
10
s
or 3 × 100 + 4 × 10 + 7 × 1 a 1 0 6 .
b 1 × 100 + 2 × 10 + 3 × 1
c 8 × 100 + 5 × 10 + 2 × 1
b 2 4 3 .
d 2 × 100 + 3 × 10 + 4 × 1
c 6 2 8 .
e 7 × 100 + 2 × 10 + 7 × 1
d 1 1 9 7 .
2 a (1000 + 1000) + (100 + 100 + 100) +
e 6 0 4 3 .
(10 + 10) + (1 + 1 + 1 + 1) f 7 0 8 5 1 .
or 2 × 1000 + 3 × 100 + 2 × 10 + 4 × 1 6 2.2 (Lara), 2.3 (Anna), 2.9 (Thomas), 3.5 (Liam),
b 1 × 1000 + 3 × 100 + 5 × 10 + 4 × 1 3.7 (Peter)
c 3 × 1000 + 2 × 100 + 4 × 10 + 6 × 1 Fourth
d 2 × 1000 + 5 × 100 + 1 × 10 + 5 × 1 7 a They are the same.
e 2 × 1000 + 4 × 100 + 0 × 10 + 8 × 1 b No, because you have 94 p + 15 p = 109p and you
3 a 60 b 900 c 3000 d 0 need 110p.
e 5000 f 0 g 600 h 40
4 a 70 + 2 b 100 + 20 + 3 Exercise 1d page 11
c 7000 + 200 + 6 d 4000 + 600 + 40 + 2 1 a £0.10 b £0.20 c £0.50 d £0.80
5 a 248 b 842 2 a £0.20 b £0.60 c £0.60 d £0.90
c 428 or 482 or 284 or 824 3 a 7.1 b 7.5 c 7.7 d 7.9
6 a i 132 ii 232 iii 250 iv 304 4 a £0.40 b £0.90 c £0.90 d £1.00
b 221 c 1 e £1.00 f £0.80
7 378, 387, 738, 783, 837, 873 5 a 3 × 10p or 20p + 10p
8 With repeats, 48; without repeats 18 b 50p + 20p or 50p + 2 × 10p or 3 × 20p + 10p
(Cannot start with 0 or 2 × 20p + 3 × 10p or 3 × 20p + 10p
or 7 × 10p
Exercise 1b page 7 c 2 × 20p or 20p + 2 × 10p or 4 × 10p
1 a 9>5 b 4 < 14 c 16 < 25 d 38 < 83 d 50p + 20p + 10p or 50p + 3 × 10p or 4 × 20p
e 101 > 98 f 210 > 187 or 3 × 20p + 2 × 10p or 2 × 20p + 4× 10p
2 a 5 is greater than 2 but less than 9. or 20p + 6 × 10p or 8 × 10p
b 28 is greater than 16 but less than 31. e 50p + 10p or 3 × 20p or 2 × 20p + 2 × 10p
c 102 is greater than 86 but less than 103. or 20p + 4 × 10p or 6 × 10p
d 9 is greater than 0 but less than 17. 6 Yes, 10p
3 a i 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ii 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 7 50p + 20p + 10p or 50p + 3 × 10p
iii 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 iv 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 or 3 × 20p + 2 × 10p
v 88, 89, 90, 91, 92 vi 98, 99, 100, 101, 102 8 Three, 155 p = £1 + 50p + 5p
vii 234, 235, 236, 237, 238 9 8 pounds and 5 pence (≠ £8.50)
viii 996, 997, 998, 999, 1000 10 a Four, 20p + 20p + 5p + 1p
b 1000, 999, 998, 997, 996, 238, 237, 236, 235, 234, b Four, 50p + 20p + 2p + 1p
102, 101, 100, 99, 98, 92, 91, 90, 89, 88, 35, 34, 33, c Four, 10p + 5p + 2p + 2p
32, 31, 22, 21, 20, 19, 18, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 d Three, £1 + 5p + 2p
4 8, 10, 12, 18, 24, 40, 56, 62 e Four, 20p + 10p + 5p + 1p
5 30, 25, 23, 18, 14, 11, 8, 3 kg f Five, 50p + 10p + 5p + 2p + 2p
6 a Raj 180 cm, Kelly 170 cm, Nita 150 cm,
James 161 cm, Ian 152 cm. Exercise 1e page 13
b Nita 150 cm, Ian 152 cm, James 161 cm, 1 a 0.5 b 0.8 c 0.8 d 0.9
Kelly 170 cm, Raj 181 cm. e 1.0 f 1.0
2 a £0.12 b £0.19 c £0.46 d £0.63 3 a 40 b 40 c 8 d 50
3 a £0.12 b £0.52 c £0.48 d £0.08 e 0 f 57 g 16 h 15
e £3.30 f £2.09 i 22 j 20 k 8 l 0
4 a £1.45 b £2.54 c £1.46 m 38 n 4 o 5 p 10
5 a £0.12 b £0.25 c £0.18 d £0.20 q 36 r 12 s 10 t 15
e £0.20 f £0.30 4 a 25 b 4 c 20 d 3
6 a £0.49 b £2.40 c 30p e 0
7 Any individual item or scarf + diary 5 a £9 b £115 c 24
or scarf + necklace or diary + necklace 6 a 12 b £85
7 a 3×5–7=8 b 3–5+7=5
Exercise 1f page 15 c 3 + 5 + 7 = 15 d 3 + 5 × 7 = 38
1 a 20 °C b 17 °C c 10 °C d 0 °C
e 19 °C f 1 °C g -3 °C h -7 °C MyReview 1 page 21
2 a -3 °C b -7 °C c -2 °C d 0 °C 1 a 6 hundreds, 600 b 6 units, 6
3 a Rise, 5 °C b Fall, -11 °C c 6 tenths, 0.6 d 6 tens, 60
c Fall, -8 °C d Rise, 7 °C 2 88, 208, 280, 802, 820
e Fall, -5 °C f Fall, -15 °C 3 a 91.6 b 418.1 c 70.4 d 8052.5
4 a -7 °C b -3 °C c -10 °C d -7 °C 4 a > b < c > d <
e 0 °C f -14 °C 5 25p
5 a 0 °C, 3 °C, 9 °C b -6 °C, -5 °C, -2 °C 6 a 84p b 324p = £3.24
c -6 °C, 1 °C, 4 °C d -8 °C, -5 °C, 0 °C 7 a -6 °C b -5 °C c 0 °C d -9 °C
e -10 °C, -6 °C, 6 °C f -7 °C, 0 °C, 4 °C 8 a 4470 b 4500 c 4000
g -6 °C, -4 °C, 5 °C 9 a 135 cm b 165 cm
6 6 10 a 3 b 36 c 7 d 2
7 a 68 °C b 100 °C c 3 °C e 33 f 8 g 36 h 4
d -1 °C e 37 °C
MyPractice 1 page 22
Exercise 1g page 17 1 a 20 b 9 c 500 d 700
1 a 30 b 50 e 0 f 5000
2 a 10 b 30 c 40 d 70 2 a 2 × 100 + 2 × 10 + 4 × 1
e 50 f 110 g 240 h 220 b 3 × 100 + 4 × 10 + 4 × 1
i 210 c 4 × 100 + 3 × 10 + 1
3 a 200 b 400 c 800 d 600 d 100 + 3 × 10 + 6 × 1
e 500 f 800 g 100 h 500 e 2 × 100 + 1
i 1000 3 a 33 cm, 31 cm, 27 cm, 21 cm, 19 cm
4 a 6000 b 5000 c 4000 d 1000 b 181 g, 190 g, 218 g, 238 g, 310 g
e 11 000 f 4000 g 0 h 23 000 4 a 4.9, 5.8, 6.5, 7.2 b 0.9, 3.2, 6.9, 8.4
i 6000 c 2.0, 2.1, 2.4, 2.5 d 3.8, 3.9, 4.1, 4.2
5 a 12 950 b 12 900 c 13 000 5 a 0.3 b 0.7 c 0.9
6 Allow reasonable estimates. 6 a 0.8 b 0.7 c 1 d 0.9
a 145 cm b 175 cm 7 a £0.70 b £1.10 c £1.40 d £1.90
7 £5 or any other reasonable estimate. e £0.71 f £1.60 g £5.70 h £4.80
8 Beth – 165 cm, Fowsia – 154 cm, Craig – 144 cm, 8 a 0.33 b 0.46 c 0.41 d 0.39
Imran – 161 cm, Ian – 185 cm, Karim – 184 cm 9 a -2 °C b 2 °C c -8 °C d -3 °C
9 Sam There are about 10 layers each containing about e 4 °C
25 (5 × 5) sweets. 10 a -3 b -4 c -2 d -7
e -8 f 3 g -8 h -4
Exercise 1h page 19 i -17 j 8 k 9 l -28
1 a 19 b 40 c 5 d 46 11 a 50 b 150 c 70 d 610
e 9 f 21 g 100 h 3 e 100 f 190 g 100 h 0
2 a 4 b 20 c 58 d 21 12 a 5 b 8 c 5 d 12
e 47 f 74 g 39 h 10 e 20 f 25 g 1 h 0
i 55 j 140 k 1 l 20 13 a i 24 ii 28 iii 24
m 31 n 183 o 17 p 23 b i 76 ii 72 iii 72
q 6 r 19 s 39 t 7
14 a i 72 ii 72 iii 76 iv 72 4 a or or
b i 36 ii 36 iii 36 iv 32

Chapter 2 b c
Check In 2 page 25
1 a 12:15 b 4:45 c 10:10
2 Length: metre, millimetre, kilometre, centimetre d e
Weight: gramme, tonne, kilogram
Time: second, day, year, hour, century, week
5 a Rhombus b Parallelogram
Exercise 2a page 27 c Rectangle d Parallelogram
1 a 3.4 cm b 4.9 cm c 4.2 cm d 16.8 cm e Rectangle
e 12.2 cm f 9.4 cm
2 a 6.6 cm b 7.2 cm c 5.9 cm d 7.5 cm Exercise 2e page 35
e 6.3 cm f 6.9 cm 1 a 30 cm b 32 cm c 24 cm d 26 cm
3 Check students’ work by measuring their lines. 2 a 44 cm b 30 cm c 39 cm d 80 cm
4 a 2 b 6 c 1 d 5 3 a 38 cm b 50 cm
e 4 f 3 4 a 90 m b 50 m
5 They are the same − both are 2.6 cm 5 a 7 cm, 3 cm b 9 cm
6 a cm b cm c m d mm c 34 cm

Exercise 2b page 29 Exercise 2f page 37

2 2 2 2
1 a 28 b 4.4 c 420 1 a 12 cm b 12 cm c 20 cm d 15 cm
2 2
2 a 0.4 b 0.9 c 2.6 d 4 e 4.5 cm d 4.5 cm
2 2 2 2
e 6.2 2 a 24 cm b 6 cm c 15 cm d 13 cm
2 2 2
3 a 8 b 12 c 39 d 140 3 a 20 units b 25 units c 21 units
e 80 f 260 4 Daniel The hand is roughly a 5 × 14 rectangle.
4 a 2.9 b 18 c 39 d 140
5 D (1.5), B (2.4), A (3.2), E (3.7), C (4.1) Exercise 2g page 39
1 Kilogram – kg Millimetre – mm
Exercise 2c page 31 Gramme – g Millilitre – ml
1 a Seconds b Years c Hours d Weeks Metre – m Centimetre – cm
e Seconds f Minutes Litre – l Tonne – t Kilometre – km
2 a D b E c A d B 2 a mm b km c kg d l
e C e cm f t
3 a Watching TV b 1 pm 3 a g b m c ml d km
c Maths class d Shower e m f l g kg h cm
e 9:45 pm 4 10
4 a 9:35 am b 3 hours 30 minutes 5 a £20 b £60 c £2 d £0.40
6 a 1460 mm b 50 000 g
Exercise 2d page 33 7 a i £0.60 ii £1.50
1 a Triangle b Circle b 1 14 kg or 1.25 kg
c Square d Octagon 8 12 12 litres or 12.5 litres
e Trapezium f Rectangle
g Hexagon h Pentagon MyReview 2 page 41
2 a 3; triangle; 1.5 cm 1 a 3.2 cm b 4.7 cm
b 6; hexagon; 0.7 cm 2 a 14 b 120
c 8; octagon; 0.6 cm 3 a 15:30 b 06:45
d 4, trapezium; 1.7 cm, 0.85 cm, 1.1 cm, 1.1 cm 4 a Pentagon b 5
3 Circle (pale orange), triangle (red), square, (white), c 1.5 cm
parallelogram (pink), rectangle (pale orange), 5 a Triangle b 3
kite (green), trapezium (brown). c 2 cm, 1.5 cm, 2.5 cm
6 a 28 cm b 31 cm
7 18 cm
2 2
8 a 10 units b 24 units
9 a Millimetres b Kilograms Exercise 3c page 51
c Millilitres 1 a 8 b 11 c 15 d 31
10 a Tonne b Metre e 38 f 30 g 32 h 30
c Millilitre d Millimetre i 47 j 57
2 a 5k b 6f c 7d d 9n
MyPractice 2 page 42 3 a 2a + 3b b 4x + 2y c 4m + 3n d 3p + q + 5
1 Check student’s drawings by measuring. Lines should 4 a 7m b 75f c 34d d 15k
be accurate to ±1 mm. e 21y f 24z g 20g h 10q
2 a 6.4 cm b 5.9 cm c 4.7 cm d 8.9 cm i 39y j 34w k 22b l 65j
e 0.8 cm f 12.4 cm 5 a 9m b Unlike c Unlike d 3x
3 a All answers are in °C. e 5s f Unlike
A 35.5 B 34.3 C 38.6 D 35.2 6 a 14 b 8a c 2m + 2m + 8
E 36.1 F 36.8 G 37.9 H 38.9 7 A 4a + 5 B 4a + 4 C 5a + 4 D 4a + 4
b All answers are in Volts.
A 90 B 60 C 45 D 75 Exercise 3d page 53
E 15 F 25 G 5 1 a 11 b 44 c 29 d 17
4 a 14:00 b 19:30 c 6:30 d 0:00 e 52 f 20
e 20:00 f 22:15 g 3:45 h 19:25 2 a 3m + 2n b 4s + 2p c 5t + 6r d 7d + 3e
5 Circle (blue), triangle (green), square, (upper windows), 3 a 3t b 5g c 5h d 9x
parallelogram (blue), rectangle (fence), e 13p f 9q g 3m h 5b
kite (lower left window), trapezium (roof, chimney), i 23c j x k 4y l 19u
pentagon (lower right window). 4 a 9a + 11b b 17x + 12y
6 a 27 cm b 56 cm c 56 cm c 15f + 4h
2 2
7 a 30 cm b 30 cm 5 a 6x + 3p b 20t + 6k
8 a 10 b 4 tonne c 26c + 2h d 60g + 13d
e 7y + 6t f 20z + 24y
Chapter 3 6 a
3m + 10
Check in 3 page 45
2m + 5 m+5
1 a 17 b 24 c 4
2m 5 m
2 a 2 b 7 c 5 d 4
e 3 f 6 g 8 h 1 b 4a – 7b
3 Michael 11+ 4 = 15 a – 2b 3a – 5b
Billy 6 + 4 = 10 a + 2b –4b 3a – b
Kevin x+4
7p
c
4p + 3q 3p – 3q
Exercise 3a page 47
3p + 2q p+q 2p – 4q
1 m+5
2 s − 20
3 m2 or m ÷ 2 Exercise 3e page 55
4 a n + 12 b n + 19 c 3n d n÷6 1 a 40 b 44 c 41 d 13
5 j+7 e 10 f 37
6 a g − 100 b 5g 2 a i h + 13 ii h + 14 iii 4h iv 2h + 5
7 p – 25 v 3h + 5
8 3p b i 43 ii 44 iii 120 iv 65
v 95
Exercise 3b page 49 3 a 15 b 26 c 7 d 0
1 a m+1 b m+3 c m−6 d m − 12 e 20 f 50 g 5 h 100
m
e m + 50 f 2
g 3m h m+p 4 a 48 b 11 c 30 d 12
i m−s e 36 f 54 g 3 h 1
2 a x−6 b x + 20 c 3x d 4x + 20 5 a 14 b 2 c -2 d 22
3 a (30 – p) m b (30 − 2p) m e 20 f 28
4 a 12b b b+3 6 a k+j b 35
5 a (x + y) kg b (x + y – 10) kg c Either 3 large green or 4 small red.
6 a b+5 b 15
7 18
Exercise 3f page 57 Case study – Dairy farm
1 Number of sandwiches × 3 = number of tomato slices 1 Jersey, Brown Swiss, Holstein
3s = t 2 50
2 a 12 b 9 c 21 d 27 3 25 × 24 + 10 × 18 + 15 × 23 = 600 + 180 +345
e 30 f 45 = 1125 kg
3 a Number of customers × 2 = Number of plates 4 a Free b £112.50
2c = p 5 Yields table
b i 6 ii 8 iii 16 iv 20 Holstein Jersey Brown Swiss
v 14 vi 18 vii 40 viii 26 Yield per cow 20 10 16
4 Number of customers × 3 = Number of items washed up No in herd 25 10 15
3c = w
Litres 500 100 240
5 a 9 b 12 c 36 d 42
Sales = 500 × 0.18 + 100 × 0.22 + 240 × 0.20
e 75 f 90 g 150 h 0
= 90 + 22 + 48
6 a No b 1 fewer (= 3 × 18 – 53 = 54 – 53)
= £160
Profit (Summer) = £160
MyReview 3 page 59
Profit (Winter) = 160 – 112.50 = £47.50
1 n–2
Average daily profit = £103.75
2 2m
3 a 120 b 15p c 15q + r
Check in 4 page 65
4 25 – d
1 a 12 6
 12 b 2
8
 1
4
c 6
9
 2
3
5 a 2a b 7b c 20c
6 a 2f b 16g c 5h d 5i
Exercise 4a page 67
7 a 9 b 2 c 15 d 25
1 a 16 b 12 c 15 d 12 1
8 a 6 b 16 c 48 d 3 3 5
2 a 8 b 8
e 8 f -8 3
3 a 5 2
b 10 c 94 d 56
9 a Number of spoons = 2 × number of people 1 2 1 1
4 a 8 b 3 c 4 d 10
b s = 2p c 24 4 3 1 3
e 7 f 4
g 6 h 5
10 a W = L + 2 b 9 3 1
i 8
j 5
5 No There are four pieces but they are not equal in size.
MyPractice 3 page 60
1 a 100 b 150 c 50y
Exercise 4b page 69
2 a 300 b 400 c 100t
1 a 13 b 12 c 14 d 1
3 a m−y b m − y + 10 1 1
4
1
e 2 f 3
g 14 h 3
4 a q − 5 sausages, r − 10 eggs, s − 15 rashers
2 a 2 1
b 13 c 14
b 8
3 a 3 b 1 c 2 d 9
5 a 3a b 7b c 24c d 16d
e 3 f 1
e 12e f 14f g 12g h 29h
4 Apple pie
i 30i
6 a Unlike b 11m c Unlike d 4y + 6
Exercise 4c page 71
e t + 11 f Unlike
1 a 74  1 34
7 a 8u + 7v b 7x + 4y c 5p + 12q d 5a + 9b 8 15
2 a 6 b 12 c 2
d 5
e 9a + 7b f 22m + 7n g 21x + 6y
3 a 3 12 b 4 23 c 2 56 d 1 53
8 a 2x + 9y b 5u + 6v c 5d + 3e d 7q + 8r
4 a i 11
4
ii 2 34
e 5p + 4q f 5m + 7n g 12c + 4d h 9p + 4q 47 7
b i 10
ii 4 10
9 a 6 b 1 c 1 d 5
5 a 2 12 b 3 13 c 4 12 d 2 14
e 8 f 4 g 12 h 8 3
e 25 f 2 34 g 2 54 h 6 13
i 18 j 30 2
i 27
10 a 10 b 11 c 2 d 4
6 a 32 b 54 c 5
2
d 8
3
e 6 f 0
e 195
f 24
7
g 17
6
h 28
9
11 a w = 5g 35
i 8
b i 20 ii 40 iii 75 iv 100
7 a 5 b 3 53
12 a i 35 cm ii 56 cm iii 70 cm
b 5 cm
Exercise 4d page 73 Exercise 4h page 81
1 a 82=4 b 93=3 1 a 10% b 20% c 30% d 50%
c 10  5 = 2 d 12  4 = 3 e 90% f 30% g 40% h 70%
e 15  3 = 5 f 18  6 = 3 i 60% j 80% k 0% l 100%
2 a 5 b 10 c 2 d 8 2 a 10 9
b 10 8
 54 c 7
10
d 5
10
 12
3 2 e 10 1
f 10 7
g 6
10
 53 h 3
10
4 a 3 b 3 c 3 d 4 i 4
10
52 j 2
10
 15 k 10
10
1 l 0
e 4 f 4 3 a 0.9 b 0.8 c 0.7 d 0.5
5 a 18 b 8 e 0.1 f 0.7 g 0.6 h 0.3
6 8 i 0.4 j 0.2 k 1 l 0
7
4 a i 100
ii 0.07 iii 7%
Exercise 4e page 75 b i 20
100
 102  15 ii 0.2 iii 20%
1 a 13 of 9 = 3 b 13 of 27 = 9 c i 10
100
 10
1
ii 0.1 iii 10%
c 14 of 16 = 4 d 15 of 40 = 8 d i 25
100
41
ii 0.25 iii 25%
e 14 of 24 = 6 f 1
5
of 25 = 5 e i 30
100
 103 ii 0.3 iii 32%
g 14 of 28 = 7 1
h 3 of 30 = 10 f i 32
100
 25
8
ii 0.32 iii 32%
2 a 5 b 4 c 11 g i 38
100
 50
19
ii 0.38 iii 38%
3 a 8 b 9 5 a 34 (=0.75 = 75%)
4 a £8 b 12 and 0.5 30% and 107
3
8 1 0.25 and 4
0.6 and 40%
9 12 of 24 = 12 1
4
of 24 = 6
2 3
3
of 24 = 16 4
of 24 = 18 MyReview 4 page 83
1
6
of 24 = 4 1
3
of 24 = 8 1 a 23 b 95
2 a 12 1
b 2 13 c 3 34
8
Exercise 4f page 77 3 a 3 b 54 c 15
2
1 5 1
1 a 60% b 65% 4 a 3 b 20 c 2
d 14
2 a Red 60% Blue 40% 5 a 5 b 4 c 10 d 6
b Red 80% Blue 20% 6 a 16 b 12 c 6
3 a 3 b 9 c 15 d 24 7 a 4 b 8 c 12 d 20
e 18 f 30 e 24 f 10
4 a 4 kg b 8 kg c 2 kg d 10 kg 8 a 6 b 18 c 24 d 30
e 4.5 kg e 42 f 60
1 1
5 a £6 b 15 kg c 45 days d 25p 9 a i 10
ii 0.1 b i 5
ii 0.2
2 1
e 11 minutes f 60 litres c i 25
ii 0.08 d i 2
ii 0.5
6 a 90 (= 10 × 9) b 18
7 87% MyPractice 4 page 84
1 a 52 b 10 6
 3
5
c 5
6
d 1
8
Exercise 4g page 79 e 12  3
8 2
f 16 
10 5
8
1 a 5m b 3 hours c 9 kg d £15 2 93  13 10
20
 12 3
12
 1
4
2
10
 1
5
e 25 votes f 11 litres 10
100
 1
10
2
16
 1
8
2 a 8 b 48 c 18 d 28 3 a 8 b 9 c 12 d 4
e 21 f 5 e 3 f 4
3 a £10 b £7 c £12 d £45 4 a 3 b 2 c 5 d 5
4 a £54 b £96 c £30 d £11 e 4 f 4
e £12 5 a 3 12 b 2 23 c 4 12 d 2 14
4 a 75% of 12 = 9 Other calculations give 10 e 3 23 f 3 52
5 7 9 10
b 10% of 200 = 20 Other calculations give 12 6 a 2
b 2
c 4
d 3
12 23
c 10% of 120 = 12 Other calculations give 21 e 5
f 7
d 25% of 32 = 8 Other calculations give 9 7 a There are 4 counters in each group. b 12
6 70% of 150 = 105 20% of 105 = 21 8 a 3 b 12 c 6 d 6
20% of 150 = 30 70% of 30 = 21 e 3
The same because 34  15  is the same as 15  43  . The 9 a There are 4 counters in each group. b 1
4
order of multiplication does not matter, even for 10 a 5 b 15
fractions. 11 a 4 b 10 c 9 d 6
e 12
12 a 16 b 12 c 8 d 4 Exercise 5b page 93
13 a £36 b £27 c £31.50 1 a 50° b 60° c 15° d 75°
14 e 45° f 85°
Fraction Decimal Percentage 2 a 60° b 150° c 90° d 75°
1
0.1 10% e 135° f 165°
10
1
5
0.2 20% 3 a Acute b Acute c Obtuse d Acute
3
0.6 60% e Obtuse f Acute g Obtuse h Obtuse
5
4 40° and 140°; 80° and 100°; 70° and 110°; 30° and 150°
5 a 25° b 15° c 70° d 5°
MyAssessment 1 page 86
6 a 30° b 80° c 85° d 85°
1 a i Four ii Four hundred
7 57°
iii Four iv Forty
8 Marie by 40° = 74° – 34°
b 162, 347, 437, 612, 734, 791, 971
c £2.34, £2.43, £3.24, £3.42, £4.23, £4.32
Exercise 5c page 95
2 a £0.87 b £19.98
Angles should be measured to at least ±2° or better ±1°.
3 a -4 °C, -3 °C, -2 °C, -1 °C, 1 °C, 2 °C, 3 °C
1 a Obtuse, 145° b Acute, 70°
b 7 °C
c Obtuse, 115° d Acute, 45°
4 a i 10 ii 40 iii 60
2 a 110° b 30° c 90° d 140°
b i 200 ii 600 iii 1000
3 Purple 49°, Orange 70°, Yellow 61°
c i 4 ii 10 iii 24
5 a 550 ±10 ml b 350 ±10 g
Exercise 5d page 97
6 a 21:30 b 15:30 c 1:45 pm d 6:15 pm
1 a 160 b 240 c 130 d 110
7 a 228 feet b Rectangle
2 e 260 f 100 g 300 h 115
8 a 18 cm b 19 12 ± 12 cm
i 180 f 270 g 150 h 230
9 a 3700 cm b 0.195 kg c 0.5 litres d 340 cl
2 a 270° b 130° c 205° d 85°
10 a 2x b 2x – 5 c 79
3 a 245° b 180° c 110° d 225°
11 a 5p b 17w – 1 c 3x + 4y d 15t – 3s
4 b, c and e (150° + 100° + 110°)
12 a 12 b 7 c 2 d 24
4 7 2 1
5 Measure the acute (explementary) angle and subtract it
13 a i ii iii iv
14
2 1 1 2
14 14 14 from 360°.
b 7 , 2 , 7 , 28 or any other equivalent fraction.
or
14 a 2 23 b 83 iii 7 12 iv 174 Place the protractor along one ray but in ‘reverse’ so as
15 a £10 b £15 iii 300 g iv 80 litres
to measure the angle beyond 180° and add this to 180°.
16 a i 0.8 ii 0.7
6 185° = 110° + 15° + 60°
b i 60% ii 75%

Exercise 5e page 99
Check in 5 page 89
1 a 80° b 110° c 90° d 155°
1 a 120 b 30 c 145 d 90
2 a Acute b Obtuse c Obtuse d Acute
e 160 f 230 g 175 h 180
e Obtuse f Obtuse g Acute h Acute
2 a 55 b 68 c 87 d 100
3 a and f, b and d, c and h, e and g make a straight line.
e 114 f 126
4 a 57° b 113° c 309° d 113°
e 64° f 225° g 98° h 58°
Exercise 5a page 91
i 120°
1 a Obtuse b Right c Acute d Acute
4 A a and e B b and e C a and c D d and e
e Straight line f Obtuse g Right
E f and g F e and f G b and f
h Straight line
2 a 40° b 120° c 130° d 65°
Exercise 5f page 101
e 115° f 160°
1 a Right-angled, Scalene b Isosceles
3 a 90° b 75° c 120° d 30°
c Scalene d Equilateral
e 180° f 155°
2 Check students ‘drawings of triangles
4 The triangular pylons define acute, right and obtuse
a Equilateral b Right-angled
angles. Reflex angles appear at the ends of the bridge.
c Scalene
3 a i 43 mm (all 3 sides) 7 a 70° b 20° c 35° d 90°
ii 35 mm, 35 mm, 50 mm 8 South
b i 60° (all 3 angles) ii 45°, 45°, 90°
c i Equilateral ii Right-angled, isosceles Check in 6 page 111
4 17; Scalene (6), Isosceles (3), Right-angled (8) 1 a, b
iv iii v i ii
Exercise 5g page 103
1 a 60° b 75° c 60° d 45°
-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
e 55° f 30°
2 a 4 b 7 c 2.5 d 7.5
2 a a = 50° b b = c = 70°
c d = e = 60° d f = 65°, g = 50° Exercise 6a page 113
e h = 35° f i = 25°, j = 130° 1 a (3, 4) b (8, 2) c (5, 3) d (1, 7)
g k = 35° e (5, 8) f (8, 9)
3 60° 2 A (3, 4 B (1, 6) C (5, 1) D (8, 5)
4 a k = 35°, l = 56° E (2, 7) F (6, 3)
b m = 60°, n = 50°, o = 70° 3
5 All angles, always 60° (180°  3) H E

Accurately draw and measure the angles in several C D

equilateral triangles.
G
6 c = 40° < b = 45° < a = 50°
A

Exercise 5h page 105

B F
1 a High road b Museum
c Station d East
e North-East
2 a South b North 4 a, b c Pentagon
c North-East d North-West
3 a North b West
c South-East d North-East B C
4 a 7 b 9
5 Ray, Swimming pool Liz, Cinema D

MyReview 5 page 107

A E
1 a 45° b 140°
2 a Obtuse b Acute
c Right-angle d Reflex
3 a 40° b 75° 5 a (5, 2) b (4, 2) c (2, 5) d (5, 5)
4 a 140° b 20° e (5, 3)
5 a 240° b 165° 6 (4, 1)
6 a 53° b 68° 7 (2, 8)
7 a a = 54°, scalene
b b = 45°, right-angled and isosceles Exercise 6b page 115
c c = d = e = 60°, equilateral 1 a (1, 3) b (1, -2) c (-4, 3) d (-2, -3)
d f = 80°, g = 20°, isosceles e (-2, 1) f (3, -4) g (4, 3) h (4, -2)
8 North 2 a, b, c

MyPractice 5 page 108

1 a Obtuse b Acute c Right angle
d Straight line
2 a 70° b 35° c 95° d 120°
3 a 85° b 150°
4 a 105° b 110° c 95° d 80°
5 a 142° b 50° c 27°
6 a C, 2 b A, 4 c B, 3 d D, 1
 d i (Scalene) Triangle ii Rectangle
iii Kite MyReview 6 page 123
3 The big bald blokes back brake block broke. 1 A (6, 3) B (2, 5) C (0, 3) D (4, 1)
4 (7, 1) 2 E (2, -1) F (-3, 4) G (-2, 0) H (-4, -2)
3
Exercise 6c page 117 A
C
1 a B b D c C d A
2 a F b E c B d A
D
e C f D
3 The cyclist rides away from his starting point cycling
B
steadily. He takes a short break and then rides home
again at the same speed.

Exercise 6d page 119 4 Graph c

1 a 9:15 b 300 m c 2 hours 5 a 7 cm b day 3
2 These answers are approximate.
a 18 °C b 22 °C c 9:10 and 18.00 MyPractice 6 page 124
1 A (8, 9) B (2, 8) C (5, 5) D (1, 3)
3 a 13 m b 1965 c 17.5 m E (8, 3) F (5, 1) G (3, 10) H (9, 6)
4 I (6, 7)
2 a

b
5 The bath was filled to a depth of 25 cm in the first 4
minutes.
Two minutes later Ruby got into the bath and the depth
went up to 35 cm.
Ruby stayed in the bath for 10 minutes before letting out
some water and refilling it with hot water. The water
went down to 20 cm, which took 3 minutes, and it took
3 minutes to top it up.
Ruby stayed in the bath for another 3 minutes before 3 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 1
emptying the water out, which took 4 minutes. 4 a 11:00 and 13:15 b 16 °C
c 2 hours d 13:45
Exercise 6e page 121 5 a i 6 km ii 8 km iii 13 km
1 a 70 mm b 80 mm c day 6 d 48 mm b 5 km
2 a 02:00 and just after 14:00 c 10:00 – 11:30, 5 km
b Just before 08:00 and 20:00 d 12:30 – 13:30
c 8 metres
d 05:30 and 10:00 or 18:00 and 22:15 Case study 2: Recycling and energy page 126
3 a Moscow -4 °C, Sydney 27 °C 1 a 208 days b No (208 < 365)
b Mid-April to the start of August c Yes (417 > 365)
c 4.75 months 2 a 60 hours b 240 hours (10 days)
4 The point would be close to the top and probably in July 3 a 600 hours (25 days) b 7200 hours (300 days)
or August. 4 a 5 hours b 2
It would pull the line up; however because the line plots 5 a 6
averages it would not pull the line up to the point. b 1 tonne = 1000 kg, 20 bottles
Check in 7 page 129 4 a b
5 20 15 8
1 a 3 b 8 c 5 d 9
e 7
37 47 19 61
2 a 11 b 90 c 24 d 260
3 a 5 b 20 c 12 d 35
32 11 64 53

Exercise 7a page 131 5 a 88 – 14 (74 > 37) b 101 +77 (178 > 169)
1 1 + 19, 12 + 8, 9 + 11, 17 + 3, 10 + 10, 15 + 5 c 98 – 53 (45 > 39) d 87 – 26 (61 > 30)
2 a 16 b 18 c 12 d 17 e 108 + 144 ((252 > 237) f 88 + 120 (208 > 202)
e 19 f 20 g 10 h 24
i 24 j 43 Exercise 7d page 137
3 a 29 b 37 c 40 d 48 1 a 93 – 17 = 76 b 49 + 39 = 88
e 65 f 73 g 94 h 100 c 152 – 61 = 91 d 235 + 67 = 302
i 110 j 134 2 a 678 b 477 c 896 d 795
4 a 110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610 3 a 214 b 332 c 138 d 320
b 243, 343, 443, 543, 643, 743
c 76, 176, 276, 376, 476, 576
5 a 23 + 24 = 47 b 48 + 33 = 81 4 Workcard 1 a 672 b 572 c 631
c 101 + 34 = 135 d 94 + 42 = 136 d 529 e 705 f 927
6 a 45 b 73 c 47 d 89 Workcard 2 a 425 b 327 c 466
e 46 f 75 g 59 h 89 d 470 e 129 f 270
i 76 j 52 k 107 l 167 5 a 750 g b 2250 ml = 2.25 litres
m 377 j 213 6 a 111111111011111111100
6 a 55p b 65p c 150p = £1.50 That is, 9 ones, 1 zero, 9 ones, 2 zeroes
7 32 kg b 7406740674067406
That is, 7406 repeated 4 times
Exercise 7b page 133
1 a 13 b 8 c 15 d 9 MyReview 7 page 139
e 11 f 3 1 a 80 b 95 c 50 d 78
2 a 11 b 9 c 7 d 11 e 7 f 30 g 35 h 69
e 5 f 13 i 82 j 120 k 379 l 189
3 a 3 b 3 c 11 d 11 2 a 41 b 47 c 20 d 35
e 4 f 0 g 85 h 99 e 55 f 35 g 38 h 61
i 63 j 24 i 128 j 196
4 a 9 b 21 c 30 d 58 3 a 78 b 987 c 41 d 411
e 65 f 70 g 90 h 97 4 a 92 b 1053 c 18 d 119
5 a 10 b 34 c 12 d 55 5 a 169 b 114 c 1245 d 506
e 37 f 22 g 53 h 35 6 a 334p = £3.34 b 166p = £1.66
6 Charlie 9 kg, Howda 8 kg, Kia 4 kg, Jake 7 kg
MyPractice 7 page 140
Exercise 7c page 135 1 a 70 b 70 c 70 d 70
1 e 104 f 92
+ 34 43 14 2 40 m
23 57 66 37 3 a 85 b 84 c 84 d 91
63 97 106 77 4 a 112 b 114 c 114 d 111
52 86 95 66 5 a b
126 247
17 51 60 31 60 66 132 115
2 a 21 b 31 c 36 d 16 31 29 37 68 64 51
e 15 17 14 15 22 23 45 19 32
3 Addition a 39 b 58 c 69
6 a43 b 15 c 42 d 45
d 374 e 539 f 897
e14 f 76
Subtraction a 31 b 44 c 36
7 48 girls
d 311 e 350 f 60
a 46 b 46 c 45 d 42
9 a 45 b 45 c 43 d 59
10 a b 2
11 21
Club Frequency
21 10 33 12
Art club 16
40 19 9 62 29 17
Netball club 22
73 33 14 5 128 66 37 20
Computer club 13
11 a 68 b 98 c 34 d 22 Total 51
12 a 597 b 999 c 958 d 789 3
e 222 f 111 g 821 h 204 Bird Tally Frequency
13 a 782 b 520 c 204 d 435 Sparrow |||| |||| |||| | 16
14 a 923 b 880 c 346 d 537 Robin |||| 5
15 a 793 b 555 c 263 d 341
Magpie |||| | 6
16 a 1646 b 222
Pigeon ||| 3
Total 30
Check in 8 page 143
4 Ronnie with 104
1 a iii b ii
5 In row 3, frequency for Guaymi should be 7
2 A 12 B 14 C 1
8
D 1
8 In row 9, Guaymi appear a second time. Total frequency
for Guaymi should be 11.
In row 10, total from listed frequencies should be 45.
Exercise 8a page 145
Correcting error in row 2, total should be 46.
1 c It gives a choice of types and includes ‘other’.
Add ‘If other please give details ’
Exercise 8c page 149
a Too restrictive, only asks about one type of music.
1 a 2 b £4.75
c Too open, results will be hard to analyse.
c They are all different prices. d £6
2 Students’ answers; a possible question is
2 a 4 b Stuffed Courgette
‘How do you listen to music?
Radio □ Phone □ Internet□ c Dover Sole

Other □ If other, please give details ’

3 a £180
4 a Sunday
b £265 c £225

3 a Include the names of other popular DJs and include

b Friday and Saturday
an ‘other’ option.
c 235 min = 3 hours 55 min
b Include an ‘other’ option.
5 a
Consider asking about the DJ’s level of popularity;
Day Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
could rank the options1, 2 3.
Mins 30 30 60 75 15 90 0
c The results from this question will not answer the
b 300 mins = 5 hours
question posed. Replace with an improved version 5
c 24
of question b.
4 Students’ answers; possible answers are
Exercise 8d page 151
a What is your favourite time of year?
1 a b 14
b Which is your favourite season?
House Number
c What is your favourite food?
number of people
d What motivates you?
1 6
e What is your favourite girl’s name?
2 4
f Where is your favourite place to go on holiday?
3 4
2
Exercise 8b page 147
Flavour No of cans
1
Beef 
Fruit Frequency
Tuna 
Banana 7
Chicken 
Apple 8
Key:  = 1 can
Orange 5
3 a Apton 20, Bapton 60, Capton 30
Total 20
b 110
4 a 60 b 35 c Wednesday
d 355
5 6 a
Bird No of birds
Chaffinches  
Pigeons 
Starlings 
Sparrows 
Key:  = 2 birds
6 Pictogram: cat 3 smiley faces; fish 2 smiley faces
Table: dog 7; other 3 b The same: tuna is the least popular flavour and lamb
is the second most popular flavour.
Exercise 8e page 153 Different: The relative popularity of cod and beef
1 a 5 b 7D c 7B d 18 (first and third) have swapped. There are over three
2 times as many entries in the month graph.

Exercise 8f page 155

1 a 4 b Green c Brown
2 a 14 b 14 c 83 d 1
8
3 a £200 b Bills c Rent
1 1 7
4 a i 4
ii 3 b 12 c No
5 Students’ answers, one possibility is
3 Purple – tickets, Orange – baby-sitting,
Blue – parking, Yellow – popcorn

Exercise 8g page 157

1 a 14 b 7D c 7C d 7A (31)
2 a 20 b August c 30, December
3 a Cantor wood, Ash; West wood, Oak
b You only know the fraction is bigger but you do not
4 know how many trees are in each wood so not the
absolute numbers.
c The fraction for oak trees is larger than the fraction
for birch trees in the same wood.
4 Students’ answers, these should include a reason.
A standard choice would be a line graph.

5 a Exercise 8h page 159

Activity Tally Frequency 1 a 5 b 6 c 17 d 1 and 5
Hockey |||| |||| 10 2 a 8 b 18 c 3.4 d None
3 2
Football |||| | 6
4 a, b
Netball |||| 4
No in car Tally Frequency
Total 20
1 |||| 4
b 2 |||| ||| 8
3 |||| |||| || 12
4 |||| 5
5 | 1
Total 30
c 3
5 a 3 a 7A 9 7B 10
No of calls Tally Frequency b 7A 6 7B 8
2 | 1 c 7B They had a higher mode (10 > 9) and their marks
3 0 were more consistent (less spread).
4 |||| 4 7B They had a greater range (8 > 6).
d
5 ||| 3 4 i 7 and 8
a ii 11
6 |||| | 6 Girls Their mode is higher (11 > 7 or 8)
b
7 |||| | 6 i 2
c ii 9
8 |||| ||| 8 Girls They had a far greater range (9 > 2).
d
9 |||| |||| ||| 13 5 7A 9
a 7B 5
7A They had a higher median (9 > 5) and their
b
10 ||| 3
marks were more consistent (less spread).
11 ||| 3
c No
12 || 2
Students’ answers.
13 0
More students in 7A get high marks.
14 0
6 a 4, 11
15 | 1
b Students’ answers.
Total 50 There is no need for the medians to be the same.
b
MyReview 8 page 163
1 Possible questions include
How often do you come to the cinema in a year:
1 / 2 – 12 / 13 – 48 / more?
What is your favourite type of film:
comedy / thriller / horror / other?
c 9 What age group are you in:
6 Students’ answers. 0 – 10 / 11 – 18 / 18 – 30 / older?
The data appears in two groups with the second group How many miles have you travelled to get to the cinema:
centred around 46; which is not represented by 10. 0 – 1 / 2 – 5 / 6 – 20 / further?
2
Exercise 8i page 161
Shape Frequency
1 a 4 b 9 c 7
Square 6
2 a 5 b 4 c 7
Circle 3
3 9.84 secs
Triangle 5
4 a 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7 6
3 a Saturday b 3.5 hours
b 10, 14, 16, 18, 18, 21, 26, 30, 35, 48 19 12
4 a 10 b 50 c 4 people
c 9, 10, 11, 12, 12, 13 11.5 cm
d
d 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 6 3.5
5 a 248 000, 280 000, 305 000, 422 000, 449 000
b 305 000
6 Students’ answers for whether the median is
representative. Suggestions are given.
a 6 No, the data has ‘two centres’.
b 4. 5 Yes
c 110 No, but ignoring the outlier 906 it is okay. 1
5 a Packed lunch b 2
6 a 3 b 14 and 16
Exercise 8j page 163
c 28 d No mode
1 a 4, 6, 11 7
7 a i 4 ii 4 b i 15.5 ii 7
b 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 6
c i 27 ii 5 d i 5 ii 4
c 1, 5, 5, 9 8
d 5, 6, 8, 12 7
MyPractice 8 page 166
2 87 m
1 Add other options: bicycle, car, etc.
Add an ‘other’ option plus space for details.
Could be extended to collect information on how often.
2 a 5 a A (5, 4) B (2, -4) C (-6, -4) D (4, -3)
Score Tally Frequency b Quadrilateral
1 ||| 3 6 a Tuesday b Monday and Thursaday
2 |||| 5 c i 2 °C ii 3.5 °C
3 |||| | 6 7 a 15 b 31 c 76 d 78
4 |||| || 7 e 73
5 |||| | 6 8 a 100 b 52 c 225 d 217
6 ||| 3 e 458 e 534
Total 30 9 a 762 b 375 c 51.3 d 120.7
10 Coke
b Diet Coke
Orange
Water
11 a

3 a
Day Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri
No of crashes 3 2 5 0 4
b 14
4
Class No of credits
7A  b Vowel ‘e’
7B  12 a i Mode = 154 cm median = 156 cm
7C  ii Mode = 135 cm Median : 142 cm
7D  b i 49 cm ii 43cm
Key:  = 1 credit
5 Check in 9 page 171
1 a Clockwise 90° b Anticlockwise 90°
c Clockwise or anticlockwise 180°
2 a (1, 1), (1, 4), (3, 1) b (1, 1), (1, 3) (5, 3) (5, 1)
c (2, 1), (2, 5), (4, 4), (4, 0)

Exercise 9 a page 173

1 a Yes, vertical line b Yes, 45° line
6 Nuclear b Coal
a c No d No
Natural gas an oil and Hydroelectric and others
c e No (rotationally symmetric)
7 9 and 10
a f No g Yes, horizontal line
7: 122, 8: 124, 9: 114, 10: 111, 11: 121
b h No (rotationally symmetric)
7: 241, 8: 239, 9: 233, 10: 228, 11: 231
c 2 a b
Year 7
d
8 Café A i 3
a ii 5 iii 5
Café B i 8 ii 6 iii 5
b The service is quicker in café A (modes 3 < 8,
medians 5 < 6). There is about the same variation in c d
waiting times (both ranges 5).

MyAssessment 2 page 168

1 a i 64° ± 1° ii 125° ± 1°
b i Acute ii Obtuse 2 a b
2 a i 125° ii 287°
b i Obtuse ii Reflex
3 a Scalene b Eqilateral c 60°
4 a u = 67°, v = 67° b w = 124°, x = 18°
 c d Exercise 9c page 177
1 a C b I c A d J
e H f D g G h B
i E j F
2 a 3 to the right, 2 up b 4 to the left, 2 down
c 6 to the left, 0 down
e 3 a 3 b 1 c 4 d 2
4 a 6 right, 5 up
b 3 left, 7 down
c 6 left, 4 up
4 ai 1 ii 2 iii 1 iv 3 d 8 right, 0 up
ePossible answers include: Audi, 2; Bentley, 1;
Infinity, 1; Mazda, 1; Renault, 2; Toyota, 1 Exercise 9d page 179
5 Rectangle, two ways – horizontally and vertically. 1 a b c
Square, four ways – horizontally, vertically and both
diagonals.

Exercise 9b page 175

1 a b
2
d
a
c
b

c
3 a b c

d e f

2 a b

4 Check student’s answers.

They should look like: ‘an n’, ‘the same s’, ‘a
c backwards p’, ‘a backwards t’ and ‘a w’.
Exercise 9e page 181
In most instances several different tessellations are
possible.
1 a

3 c Look at writing and fringe.

4 BED, DOCK
Check student’s answers by turning the page upside–
down.
 c 5

2 a b

c d 6 For example

e f

g h MyPractice 9 page 184

1 a b c d

2 a b c d
4 All shapes constructed this way should tessellate.

MyReview 9 page 183

1 a 1 b 2 c 3 d 5 3 a b d
2 a b

c d

e f

5
d
3 a 6 right, 3 down b 6 left, 3 up a
c 2 right, 4 down d 2 left, 4 up
e 4 left, 1 down f 4 right, 1 up
4 c
b
6 2 a 6 b 5 c 4 d 4
a e + f 3 g 2 h ×
i × j ×
c iii 3 a 4 b 6
b 4 a 7, 7 b 31, +9, 31
c 17, – 10, 17 d 32, +7, 32
ci e 80, × 2, 80 f 30, +12, 30
5 a 28 b 9
c ii 6 Harry has divided (25  5 = 5)
25 – 5 = 20
7 a No b No c Yes
Exercise 10c page 195
1 a 3 b 4 c 1 d 4
e 0 f 4 g 10 h 5
i 5 j 8 k 4 l 5
m 8 n 25 o 15 p 99
2 a 11 b 11 c 18 d 9
e 7 f 10 g 25 h 30
i 28 j 20 k 37 l 60
m 15 n 20 o 20 p 101
3 Students could use another letter for the variable, x.
Case study 3: Rangoli page 186 a x = Original amount of money x – 5 = 10
1 a 4 Horizontal, vertical and 45° diagonals. b x = Increase in weight 30 + x = 45
b 0 Rotational symmetry, order 4. c x = Extra pages read 30 + x = 55
c 4 Horizontal, vertical and 45° diagonals. d x = Number of broken CDs 14 + x = 30
d Strictly no lines of symmetry (the centre is slightly 4 a 15 b 15 c 25 d 16
asymmetric as are the green leaves). 5 18 kg
Less strictly:
4 Horizontal, vertical and 45° diagonals. Exercise 10d page 197
2 Check student’s drawings for accuracy and symmetry. 1 a i x + 10 = 15 ii x + 7 = 14
3 a Check accuracy of 4 lines of symmetry. iii 3 + x = 18 iv 37 + x = 52
b 4 b i 5 kg ii 7 kg iii 15 kg iv 15 kg
4 Check student’s drawings for accuracy and symmetry. 2 a 5 b 4 c 11 d 6
e 5 f 7
Check in 10 page 189 3 a 6 b 2 c 14 d 12
1 a 22 b 12 c 31 d 15 e 2 f 6 g 20 h 8
e 36 f 9 g 24 h 8 i 0 j 13 k 4 l 11
3 a p+5 b k – 100 cm 4 75 g
5 a n + 12 = 16 n=4
Exercise 10a page 191 n+5 7
1 a 7 b 12 c 16 d 30 n 5 2
2 a 9 b 2 c 18 d 3
3 a +2 b × 10 or + 18 b n + 16 = 20 n=4
c +6 d − 9 or ÷ 2 n+7 9
e × 6 or + 20 f − 14 or ÷ 3 n 7 2
g ×12 or + 33 h ÷ 3 or – 16
i ÷ 3 or − 30 Exercise 10e page 199
4 10, 24, 18 1 a 7 b 10 c 11 d 2
5 a −2 b ×3 e 30
6 £110 2 a x=8 b m = 25 c d = 24 d h=0
7 × 3 then + 1 e p=8 f r = 30 c m=4 d y = 27
3 a x + 17 = 42 b x = 25
Exercise 10b page 193 4 a 1 b 15 c 65 d 23
1 + 3 and – 3 × 12 and ÷ 12 e 12 f 8 g 30 h 21
÷ 3 and × 3 − 12 and + 12 5 a Total cost = 3 + 2n b £9
MyReview 10 page 201 d 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
1 a 12 b 7 c 36 d 4 2 a 1 × 20, 2 × 10, 4 × 5, 5 × 4, 10 × 2, 20 × 1
2 a × 11 or + 40 b ÷ 10 or – 81 b 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20
c –5 d + 12 c All factor pairs are in the multiplication table but
3 a –7 b +9 c ÷4 d ×3 1 × 20 and 20 × 1 require a larger table to be shown.
4 a 6 b 18 c 14 d 12 3 a 1, 3, 9 b 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
e 16 f 50 c 1, 3, 5, 15 d 1, 2, 4, 8, 16
5 a 4 b 5 c 9 d 7 e 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18 f 1, 3, 7, 21
e 0 f 11 g 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 h 1, 3, 9, 27
6 12 kg i 1, 5, 25
7 a 6 b 35 c 11 d 32 4 a 30 b 27 c 60 d 13
Non-factors are 28, 7, 14 and 4; the fifth number is 28.
MyPractice 10 page 203 6 They are all the same (18 square units)
1 a 21 b 26 c 8 d 60 7 7 and 13
2 a × 11 or + 27 b +3 Any prime number squared: 4, 9, 25, 49, 121, etc.
c × 2 or + 4 d  2 or – 2
3 a 2 b –3 Exercise 11b page 209
4 a 15 b 18 c 5 d 72 1 Clockwise from the top: 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45
e 28 f 47 2 a 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27
5 a 6 b 2 c 9 d 7 b 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54
e 5 f 6 g 20 h 4 3 a 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30
i 0 j 20 k 7 l 20 b 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30
6 a 2x + 10 = 30 b x + 8 = 22 c 6, 12, 18, 24, 30
7 a 5 b 2 c 12 d 5 4 5–15–35–40–25–45–C 3–15–34–21–12–30–A
e 12 f 3 g 4 h 17 7–14–35–21–28–49–B 4–16–24–40–28–32–E
8 a 4 b 4 c 5 d 4 5 a 1, 2, 3, 6 b 30 or other multiple of 6
e 11 f 16 g 2 h 20 6 a Yes b No c Yes d Yes
i 16 j 20 k 4 l 6 e No f Yes
9 a 24 b 15 c 5 d 18
e 15 f 11 g 48 h 9 Exercise 11c page 211
i 10 1 a Yes b Yes c No
10 a 25 b 54 c 18 d 32 d They end in 0
e 96 f 4 g 7 h 128 2 31, 109, 15
i 100 3 58, 103
11 a i x  6 = 8 ii 48 4 Yes, 94 = 3 × 31 + 1
b i x × 6 = 36 ii 6 5 a 120, 300 or 360
c i x + 19 = 47 ii 28 b 28, 120, 168, 300 or 360
d i x – 23 = 38 ii 61 c 28, 120, 168, 300 or 360
e i x × 7 = 49 ii 7 d 120, 168, 255, 300 or 360
f i x + 22 = 55 ii 33 e 120, 255, 300 or 360
g i x – 15 = 12 ii 27 f 120, 168, 300, 360
h i x4=9 ii 36 6 a Yes b No c Yes d Yes
e No f No g Yes h No
Check in 11 page 205 i No j Yes
1 a 10 b 70 c 7 d 5 7 a 105, 120 or 135 b 160 or 180
e 9 f 10 c 420, 450, 480
2 a Even b Odd c Even d Odd 8 a No b Yes (£104)
e Odd f Odd c Yes (£83.20)
9 229
Exercise 11a page 207
1 a Students drawings: six rectangular patterns with Exercise 11d page 213
dimensions given in b. 1 A 4 × 4 pattern of crosses labelled 4 × 4 = 16
b 1 × 12, 2 × 6, 3 × 4, 4 × 3, 6 × 2, 12 × 1 and a 5 × 5 pattern of crosses labelled 5 × 5 = 25
c All products give 12 (1 × 12 and 12 × 1 not shown
in student book table).
2 a32 = 3 × 3 = 9 2
b 1 =1×1=1 9
2 2
c6 = 6 × 6 = 36 d 4 = 4 × 4 = 16 No ÷2 ÷3 ÷4 ÷5 ÷ 10
2 2
e9 = 9 × 9 = 81 f 2 =2×2=4 154 Yes No No No No
g102 = 10 × 10 = 100 2
h 8 = 8 × 8 = 64 315 No Yes No Yes No
2 2
i5 = 5 × 5 = 25 j 7 = 7 × 7 = 49 364 Yes No Yes No No
3 121, 144, 169, 196, 225, 256, 289, 324, 361, 400, etc. 990 Yes Yes No Yes Yes
4 CORRECT 1008 Yes Yes Yes No No
5 a 32p b £2 c 4×4 10
2
a Yes (2 ) b No c No d No
2 2 2
e Yes (3 ) f Yes (4 ) g Yes (1 ) h No
MyReview 11 page 215 11 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, 169, 196,
1 a 1, 2, 4 b 1, 2, 3, 6 225, 256, 289, 324, 361, 400, etc.
c 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20 d 1, 5, 25 12 a Square (49) b Not square
e 1, 2, 13, 26 f 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30 c Square (144) d Not square
g 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36 e Not square f Square (9)
h 1, 2, 4, 11, 22, 44 g Not square h Not square
2 a 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 b 1, 3, 5, 15 i Square (36)
c 1, 3 13 a 1, 2 b 1, 2, 4
3 a 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45 c 1, 2, 5, 10 d 1, 2, 4, 8, 16
b 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 e 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30 f 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24
c 15, 30, 45 g 1, 5, 7, 35 h 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 20, 40
4 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70
5 1, 2, 5 and 10 Check in 12 page 219
6 a 110, 120, 130 1 Accept within 10° of exact values.
b 220, 230, 240, 250, 260 a 25° b 130° c 300°
c 510, 520, 530, 540 2 Check student’s drawing of a circle with 10 cm diameter.
d 1020, 1030, 1040, 1050, 1060, 1070, 1080
7 a 88 b 146 c 1002 d 1010 Exercise 12a page 221
8 a 72 b 240 c 160 d 444 1 a Cone, cylinder, prism, cuboid
9 a 87 b 363 c 588 d 675 b Cuboid, cube, pyramid
10 a 240 or 270 b 420 or 440 c Cuboid, prism
c 315, 330 or 345 d Cube, cuboid, cylinder
11 a 25 b 49 c 1 d 121 e 2 cuboids, prism
f 2 cuboids
MyPractice 11 page 216 g 2 cuboids, pyramid
1 a Students drawings: four rectangular patterns with h Cube, cuboid, prism
dimensions given in b. i 2 cuboids
b 1 × 6, 2 × 3, 3 × 2, 6 × 1 j 2 cuboids, pyramid
c 1, 2, 3, 6 2 a 8 b 10 c 2 d 9
2 1, 2, 4, 8 e 3 f 1 g 6 h 7
3 a 1, 2, 4, 8 b 1, 2, 5, 10 i 5 j 4
c 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20 d 1, 2, 11, 22
e 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28 f 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30 3 a Square-based pyramid or triangular prism
g 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36 b Cone or half a sphere (hemisphere)
h 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50
4 a Clockwise from the top: 20, 40, 12, 24, 36, 48, 28 Exercise 12b page 223
b Double the multiples of four: × 8 = × 4 × 2 1 c and g
5 a 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30 2 Practical work
b 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 3 Check students’ work to
c 15, 30 ensure opposite faces
6 a 1, 2, 4 add to 7.
b 24 or other multiple of 4. There are 11 possible
7 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 nets for a cube.
8 1, 3
Exercise 12c page 225 2 aAccurate drawings will have the following
1 a 3 b 2 c 4 d 1 measurements correct.
e 6 f 5 b i q = 80°, r = 62° ii s = 80°, t = 50°
2 There are 11 possible solutions, but every face in the net iii u = 57°, v = 33° iv w = 35°, x = 43°
must be 3 × 3 squares in size. v y = 132°, z = 24°
3 a Faces = 6, Edges = 12, Vertices = 8 c i a = 3.8 cm ii b = 5.4 cm
b Faces = 5, Edges = 9, Vertices = 6 iii c = 7.7 cm iv d = 8.6 cm
c Faces = 5, Edges = 8, Vertices = 5 v e = 12.8 cm, f = 7 cm
3 Yes, equilateral triangle.
Exercise 12d page 227
1 a b Exercise 12g page 233
1 Distances should be accurate to ±1 mm.
a i 15 mm ii 30 mm
2 a b b i 10 mm ii 20 mm
c i 17.7 mm ii 34 mm
2 Check students’ drawings for accuracy.
3 a b 3 Estimates should be near 15.7 cm.
4 Check students’ drawings for accuracy.

MyReview 12 page 235

3 B 1 a Cuboid b 6 c 12 d 8
4 a 2 a B and C
b There are nine other possible nets.

3 Cylinder or circular prism

4 a b
Exercise 12e page 229
1 a 25° b 35° c 130°
2 a A 25° B 48° C 66° D 104° 5 a Accurate drawings will have the following
E 142° F 172° measurements correct.
b G 14° H 36° I 54° J 114° b i p = 74°, p = 56° ii u = 32°, v = 58°
K 136° L 168° iii x = 42°, y = 86°
3 Students’ drawings should be accurate to at least ±2°. c i r = 5.6 ii w = 9.4
4 Possible estimates are iii z = 7.1
Bin 1 75° (must be > 60°) 6 a i 1.5 cm ii 3 cm
Bin 2 45° (between 30° and 60°) b Check accuracy of circle, diameter 6 cm.
Bin 3 25° (must be < 30°)
5 There are a number of possible methods.
Measure the obtuse angle (130°) and subtract it from
360°. MyPractice 12 page 236
‘Reverse’ the protractor and measure on from 180°; add 1 a Cube b Cone or half sphere (hemisphere)
the acute angle (40°) to 180°. c Sphere
Use a 360° protractor. 2 d and f

Exercise 12f page 231

1 a – c Students’ drawings should be accurate to at
least ±2°.
3 Nets drawn quarter size. MyAssessment 3 page 240
a b 1 a 2 lines of reflection symmetry: vertical and
horizontal.
b 4 lines of reflection symmetry: vertical, horizontal
and diagonally at 45°.
2

3 a, b Correct translation and 90° rotation.

c Yes
4 a

b b

4 2 → 9, 6 → 17 and 7 → 19
c 5 Output is 21, input is 21 and operation is ÷3
6 a y=3 b t=5 c n=9 d m=7
5 a 40° b 130° c 125° d 55° 7 a w=5 b p=5 c d = 12 d f = 30
6 a – f Students’ drawings should be accurate to at e g = 18
least ±2°. 8 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
7 Accurate drawings will have the following missing 9 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28
angles and side measurements correct. 2 2
10 a 5 = 5 × 5 = 25 b 8 = 8 × 8 = 64
a 91°, 59° and 3.5 cm 2 2
c 7 = 7 × 7 = 49 d 9 = 9 × 9 = 81
b 95°, 45° and 4.5 cm 11 349
c 34°, 56° and 7.2 cm 12 a Cylinder b Cuboid
8 Distances should be accurate to ±1 mm. 13 Or any other of the 11 possible nets.
a i 15 mm ii 30 mm
b i 8 mm ii 16 mm
c i 10 mm ii 20 mm 14 a Square-based pyramid b Cylinder
9 Check students’ drawings for accuracy; distances should c Triangular prism
be accurate to ±1 mm. 15 a Check constructions; can use answers to b and c.
b p = 10.6 cm, q = 7.6 cm, r = 5.7 cm; all ± 2 mm
Case study 4: Labyrinths and mazes page 238 c x = 106° ± 2°
1 Yes
2 Check student’s drawings against labyrinth for accuracy. Check in 13 page 243
3 Check student’s drawings against curved labyrinth for 1 a 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 b 11, 13, 15, 17, 19
accuracy. 2 a -9 °C, -2 °C, 1 °C, 3 °C, 5 °C
4 a Both approaches work. b -7 , -3 , -1 , 0 , 1 , 2 , 4
b Both approaches work.
c The walls open out to a square: the method takes you Exercise 13a page 245
around the edge of the square to the exit. 1 a 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38
5 a Student’s explanations; these should include the fact b 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19
that the central part is not connected to the rest of the c 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27
maze. d 41, 37, 33, 29, 25, 21, 17, 13
b Any line that connects the central section with the 2 a 3, 5, 7, 9 b 2, 6, 10, 14
outside section. c 13, 10, 7, 4 d 4, 7, 10, 13
3 a i 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, ... 4
ii 75, 65, 55, 45, 35, 25, 15, ... Time (min) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
iii 4, 9, 14, … Temp (°C) -10 -6 -2 2 6 10 14
b i +2 ii –10 iii +5 5 13th August
c i 27 ii 5 iii 19
4 a 17, 20 b 31, 37 c 16, 12 d 32, 64 MyReview 13 page 253
5 24, 35 1 2, 4, 6, …
4 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, 41, 45 2 a 15, 18 b 21, 25 c 32, 38 d 51, 63
e 42, 40 f 28, 20
Exercise 13b page 247 3 a Start at 7 and add 10
1 a i 5, 9, 13 ii 15, 12, 9, 6 b Start at 9 and add 7
iii 2, 4, 8, 16 iv 18, 10, 2 c Start at 30 and subtract 3
c i Start at 5 and + 4. ii Start at 15 and – 3. d Start at 2 and double / multiply by 2
iii Start at 2 and × 2. iv Start at 18 and – 8. e Start at 3 and multiply by 4
e i 17, 21 ii 3, 0 iii 32, 64 iv -6, -14 f Start at 200 and halve / divide by 2
2 a B b F c C d A 4 a i Start at 1 and add 3 ii 13, 16
e D f E b i Start at 26 and add subtract 3 ii 14, 11
3 a Start at 1 and × 2 b Start at 1 and × 3 5 a 3, 8, 13, 18 b 7, 18, 29, 40
c Start at 8 and + 3 d Start at 5 and × 5 c 50, 41, 32, 23 d 2, 10, 50, 250
e Start at 24 and ÷ 2 f Start at -9 and + 3 e 1, 6, 36, 216 f 5000, 500, 50, 5
g Start at 19 and – 4 h Start at 2 and + 1.5 6 a -12, -8, -4, 0, 4 b -1, -3, -5, -7, -9
4 No (1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19 …) c -18, -11, -4, 3, 10
5 a 3, -2, -7 7 a Start with -17 and add 6
b By writing out the terms. b Start with -5 and subtract 3
c -2 8 a 9, 2, -5, -12 b -14, -6, 2, 10
c -7, -18, -29, -40
Exercise 13c page 249
1 a, b Students answers; differences must be +3 MyPractice 13 page 254
2 a Check drawings for 8 leaves, 5 leaves, 2 leaves 1 a 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 b 0, 7, 14, 21, 28
b 11 c 21, 18, 15, 12, 9 d 2, 4, 6, 8, 10
c Start at 11 and – 3 e 2, 6, 18, 54, 162 f 11, 14, 17, 20, 23
3 a Start at 90 and – 5 g 18, 16, 14, 12, 10 h 32, 27, 22, 17, 12
b 75 i 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 j 27, 23, 19, 15, 11
c No; all terms are multiples of 5 and 24 is not. 2 a 4 Start at 4 and + 3 b 3 Start at and – 5
4 a 6, 10, 14, 18, 22 b 80, 40, 20, 10 3 a 10 b 13 c 11 d 18
c 2, 6, 18, 54 d 25, 19, 13, 7 e 25 f 50 g 1 h 3
e 11, 18, 25, 32 i 4 j 20
5 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20 4 a D b B c C d E
6 a 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19 e A f F
3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 5 a 2, 6, 10, 14 b 5, 8, 11, 14
b 7, 13, 19 c 21, 18, 15, 12 d 50, 40, 30, 20
c 2, 6, 8, 12, 14, 18, 20 e 11, 16, 21, 26 f 24, 20, 16, 12
7 133 6 a 4, 9, 14, 19, 24 b 23, 20, 17, 14, 11
c 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 d 21, 17, 13, 9, 5
Exercise 13d page 251 e 30, 32, 34, 36, 38 f 32, 27, 22, 17, 12
1 a -10, -8, -6, -4, -2, 0, 2, 4 7 a Start at 1. The rule is + 3
b -1, -3, -5, -7, -9, -11, -13, -15 b Start at 17. The rule is – 3
2 3 c Start at 9. The rule is + 4
3 a -10, -7, -4, -1, 2 Start at -10 and + 3 d Start at 80. The rule is – 10
b -15, -12, -9,-6, -3 Start at -15 and + 3 e Start at 29. The rule is – 5
c -5, -3, -1, 1, 3 Start at -5 and + 2 f Start at 8. The rule is + 7
d -8, -6, -4, -2, 0 Start at -8 and + 2
e 2, 0, -4, -4, -6 Start at 2 and – 2
f 4, 1, -2, -5, -8, -11, -14 Start at 4 and – 3
8 a The rule is + 3 The next three terms are 14, 17, 20 4 a 90 m b 110 m c 190 m d 230 m
b The rule is + 1 The next three terms are 6, 7, 8 e 70 m f 350 m g 420 m h 440 m
c The rule is – 2 The next three terms are 10, 8, 6 i 200 m j 1230 m k 2400 m l 3000 m
d The rule is + 2 The next three terms are 15, 17, 19 5 a 5 b 4 c 3 d 37 kg
e The rule is + 8 The next three terms are 34, 42, 50 6 a 400 ml b 2200 ml c 1500 ml d 1.5 litres
f The rule is +3 The next three terms are 18, 21, 24
g The rule is – 4 The next three terms are 10, 6, 2 Exercise 14c page 263
h The rule is + 10 The next three terms are 60, 70, 80 1 a 4 b 4 c 18 d 4
9 a -22, -18, 14, -10, -6 b -10, -7, -4, -1, 2, 5 e 21 f 8 g 7 h 8
c 3, -1, -5, -9, -13, -17 2 a 100 b 180 c 200 d 240
Check in 14 page 243 e 400 f 60 g 39 h 72
1 a 33 + 16 = 49 b 28 – 12 = 16 i 110 j 1800
c 56 + 23 = 79 d 164 – 52 = 112 3 a 70 b 78 c 430 d 530
e 615 + 342 = 957 e 520 f 600 g 147 h 168
4 24
Exercise 14a page 259 5 a ‘Digit shift’, 130p = £1.30
1 a b Partitioning,120 × 3 = 12 × 3 × 10 = 360 = £3.60
× 1 2 3 4 5 6 c Partitioning, 6 × 10 + 6 × 4 = 60 + 24 = 84
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 54, 63, 72, 81, 90 → 99, 108, 117, 126, 135, 144…
2 2 4 6 8 10 12 The pattern only works easily up until 10 × 9 = 90.
3 3 6 9 12 15 18 Then 11 × 9 = (9 + 1) × 10 + (0 – 1) = 100 – 1 = 99,
after which the pattern is again relatively
4 4 8 12 16 20 24
straightforward.
5 5 10 15 20 25 30
The rule works because 9 = 10 – 1
6 6 12 18 24 30 36
7 40 → 48, 56, 64, 72, 80, → 88, 96, 104, 112…
b a Add 1 to the tens digit, subtract 2 from the units
× 7 8 9 10 11 12 digit.
7 49 56 63 70 77 84 b Since 8 = 10 – 2, adding 8 is the same as adding 10
8 56 64 72 80 88 96 and subtracting 2.
9 63 72 81 90 99 108 Then 11 × 9 = (9 + 1) × 10 + (0 –1) = 100 – 1 = 99, after
10 70 80 90 100 110 120 which the pattern is again relatively straightforward.
11 77 88 99 110 121 132
12 84 96 108 120 132 144 Exercise 14d page 265
1 a 200 + 60 + 4 b 300 + 50 + 7
2 a 8 b 15 c 14 d 32
c 100 + 50 + 8 d 300 + 30 + 3
e 25 f 21 g 9 h 40
e 700 + 90 + 6 f 600 + 9
i 18 j 81 k 16 l 56
g 800 + 50 h 700
m 20 n 56 o 28
i 900 + 90 + 9
3 12 × 3 = 36, 12 × 11 = 132, 9 × 7 = 63, 11 × 10 = 110,
2 a 92 b 172 c 156 d 370
9 × 9 = 81
e 378 f 708 g 1595 h 1710
4 80
i 1512 j 2775
5 36
3 a 120 + 8 = 128 b 250 + 15 = 265
6 a 22 b 55
c 80 + 28 = 108 d 1200 + 60 + 18 = 1278
e 1000 + 250 + 5 = 1255 f 1600 + 240 + 32 = 1872
Exercise 14b page 261
4 a 372 b 426 c 975 d 435
1 a 30 b 80 c 70 d 90
e 1086 f 434 g 1620 h 1518
e 160 f 170 g 190 h 200
i 1125 j 5994
i 500 j 9710 k 6070 l 6700
5 93 × 87 = 8091
m 5000 n 7700
6 7
2 a 300 b 500 c 1200 d 1500
e 1700 f 2400 g 3500 h 6000
Exercise 14e page 267
i 9000 j 46 800 k 50600 l 38 000
1 a 4 b 3 c 9 d 4
m 70 000 n 90 900
e 8 f 9 g 7 h 9
3 a 30 m b 50 m c 70 m d 100 m
2 a 8 b 10 c 12 d 39
e 2.5 f 4.8 g 15 h 20
3 Check student’s number lines. b 11 × 1 + 6 × 2 + 3 × 5 + 7 × 10 + 4 × 20 + 9 × 50
The number of jumps down to 0 should be + 3 × 100
a 3 b 2 c 4 d 7 = 11 + 12 + 15 + 70 + 80 + 450 + 300 = 938
e 3 f 6 g 3 h 3 = £9.38
4 3 → 15 → 30 → 21 → 18 → 12 → 9 C
7 → 14 → 35 → 21 → 28 → 42 → 70 B MyReview 14 page 275
6 → 30 → 12 → 24 → 18 → 60 → 36 E 1 63
5 → 30 → 10 → 25 → 15 → 35 → 40 D 2 a 40 b 24 c 42 d 99
5 45 5 = 9 cups 3 a 80 b 210 c 174 d 36 000
4 a 3 b 10
Exercise 14f page 269 5 a 150 b 280 c 48 d 90
1 a 2r2 b 2r1 c 2r2 d 4r3 6 a 135 b 2154 c 686 d 2652
e 5r3 f 7r2 g 3r6 h 3r3 7 a 45 b 6.4 c 5 d 3
i 4r4 j 5r5 k 3r5 l 5r5 e 6 f 8
2 a 13 cm b 24 cm c 16 cm d 42 cm 8 a 2r3 b 10 r 1 c 9r4 d 59 r 2
e 36 cm 9 a 12 r 1 b 16 r 1 c 8r5 d 8r8
3 a 3 b 2 c 10 d 2 10 a 6 b 5 c Yes (144 < 150)
e 5 f 3 11 a £24.70 b £12.54 c £46.59 d £3.19
4 23 boxes
5 a 7 b 17 c 25 MyPractice 14 page 276
6 a 6 b 9 1 a 42 b 48 c 36 d 54
e 30 f 72 g 70 h 44
Exercise 14g page 271 2 a
1 a 6 b 3 c 3 d 4 × 3 8 2 7 5 11
e 8 f 4 g 2 h 7 4 12 32 8 28 20 44
i 3 j 8 7 21 56 14 49 35 77
2 a 8r3 b 8r3 c 7r3 d 6r6 10 30 80 20 70 50 110
e 7r4 f 8r3 3 9 24 6 21 15 33
3 a 41 b 31 c 44 d 26 8 24 64 16 56 40 88
e 31 f 33 g 51 h 32 9 27 72 18 63 45 99
4 a 24 r 2 b 15 c 32 d 14 b
e 45 f 24 r 2 g 24 r 3 h 62 r 2 × 2 4 8 10 9 12
i 68 j 28 r 5 k 32 l 44 r 4
6 12 24 48 60 54 72
m 448 r 1 n 647 r 1 o 691 p 622 r 3
3 6 12 24 30 27 36
q 12 643 r 2
5 10 20 40 50 45 60
5 23
7 14 28 56 70 63 84
6 Yes, 78 12 = 6 r 6 > 6 or 6 × 12 = 72 < 78
8 16 32 64 80 72 96
7 a 8 b 16 c 32
4 8 16 32 40 36 48
3 a 60 cm × 120 cm × 70 cm
Exercise 14h page 273
b 0.6 m × 1.2 m × 0.7 m c 8.5 m
1 a  1200 + 1300  2500 b  3500 – 3200  300
c  1200 + 5700  6900 d  3400 – 3200  200
4 a 700 g b 3 kg
5 a 104 b 120 c 128 d 160
2 a 6 b 12.1 c 6.7 d 33
e 168 f 568
e 1.7 f 2.4 g 7 h 12.1
3 a 13 °C b 7 °C c -5 °C d -5 °C
6 a 90 b 132 c 378 d 144
e 135 f 407
e -12 °C
7 a 468 b 494 c 963 d 1928
4 a 0.14 b 0.64 c 6.13 d 2.03
e 1.38 f 4.24
e 1436 f 2835 g 2982 h 6888
i 3105 j 20 580 k 25 228 l 18 501
5 a £0.82 b £0.84 c £1.26 d £2.08
8 a 7 b 9 c 11 d 5
e £0.20 f £1.54 g £33.72
6 a £5.80 b £6.40 c £8.80 d £1.70
e 4 f 11 g 31 h 22
i 7 j 8 k 213 l 31
e £15.90 f £1.40 g £29.90 h £6.40
9 9
7 a No. They can have £13.33 each, but there is still a
penny left over.
 1
10 a 151 b 207 c 186 d 214 i i 1 ii 5 iii 1 : 5 iv 6
e 153 f 97 g 91 h 562 v 56
i 364 j 365 k 352 l 3625 j i 4 ii 4 iii 4 : 4 = 1 : 1
11 a 8.3 b 10.7 c 10.4 d £0.97 iv 84  1
2
v 4
8
 1
2
e £1.47 f 15p k i 3 ii 6 iii 3 : 6 = 1 : 2
12 a £3.33 There is one penny left over. iv 93  1
3
v  23
6
9
b i -8 °C ii 8 °C 2 No, there will be one red bead left over.
3 a 1:3 b 6
Case study 5: Electricity in the home page 278 4 a 1:2 b 6 c 13
1 a i Lighting ii Students’ answers 5 a 20  4
5 1
b 20  4
5 1
c 10 20
 12
1
iii 4
b Kettle Exercise 15b page 285
c Student’s answers: could including turning off lights 1 a 1:2
not leaving tv, computers, etc. on standby. b Next 3 rows are 4 8 12
2 a, c 5 10 15
Item Energy use per Energy use, no 6 12 18
day (kWh) standby (kWh) c Green d 23
Television 1326 1200 2 a 10 b 20
Satellite TV 397 150 3 a 10 6
b 10  3
5
c 2
10
 15
1 1
DVD player 173 12 4 a 2
b 8
Main light 600 600 c 25 butter, 10 water , 5 sugar
Microwave 189.5 70 5 a 3 : 2 : 1 b 12
Desktop 800 500 6 Hannah £15, Joe £5
Laptop 156 116
b i Television ii Laptop Exercise 15c page 287
1 33 cm
3 A £20.85 B £24.60
a C £35.10
2 a $252 b £336
B
b
Students’ answers plus explanations. Answer could
c 3 £4.50 (2 × 1.55 + 4 × 0.35 = 3.10 + 1.40)
4 a 300 g b 1
take into account purchase price, running costs,
5 a £60 b £120
fresh/frozen storage capacity.
4 a £495 b £41.25 6 a +5 b ÷2 c − 15 d × 10
e + 10 f − 12 g ÷4
Check in 15 page 281
1 a 93  13 b 12 3
 14 c 7 4
d 12  1 Exercise 15d page 289
15 3
1 a 8m b 2.5 m c 0.5 m d 5m
2 a 30 b 19 c 768 d 22
e 1m
3 a 300 cm b 2.5 m c 1500 g d 2 kg
2 a 4 m, 8 m b 9 m, 3 m c 18 m, 9 m
3 Drawing half scale size.
Exercise 15a page 283
1
1 a i 1 ii 3 iii 1 : 3 iv 4
v 34
3
b i 3 ii 1 iii 3 : 1 iv 4
v 14
1
c i 1 ii 1 iii 1 : 1 iv 2
v 12
2
d i 2 ii 3 iii 2 : 3 iv 5
v 53 4 Not possible
e i 2 ii 5 iii 2 : 5 iv 2 (Area of objects = 7.75 m2 > area of room = 7.5 m2)
7
v 75
f i 3 ii 2 iii 3 : 2 iv 3 MyReview 15 page 291
5
1 a i 2 : 1 ii 23 b i 2:3 ii 2
v 52 5
1 c i 1 : 4 ii 15
g i 1 ii 2 iii 1 : 2 iv 3
v 23 2 a 1:4 b 12 c 2
1 3 a £50 b £110 c £200 d £400
h i 1 ii 5 iii 1 : 5 iv 6
4 a £3 b £7.50 c £4.30 d £5
v 56
e £16
5 a4 m by 2 m b 3 m by 15 m Exercise 16b page 299
c14 m by 16 m 1 a Very likely (but student dependent).
6 Rectangle drawn 5 cm by 2 cm b Certain
c Unlikely or likely (depending on time of year,
MyPractice 15 page 292 geography, weather conditions etc.)
1 a 7:8 b 1:3 c 2:3 d 1:5 d Very unlikely e Impossible
e 3:5 f 3:4 2 a Even chance b Even chance
2 a 1:3 b 34 c Unlikely d Very unlikely
3 a 2:3 b 52 c 53 3 a Very unlikely
4 a 2:1 b Quite unlikely (about a 13 chance)
b i 2
12
 16 4
ii 12  13 c Impossible
c i 15 units ii 3 units iii 36 units 4 Student answers; possible answers are
5 a 5:6:7 a She will pick a number between 1 and 60 inclusive.
b i 18 litres ii 21 litres b She will pick 61 (or any number outside 1–60).
6 a £4 b 6 c She will pick a number from 1 to 59.
c £240 (48 × 4 + 6 × 8 = 192 + 48) d She will pick a 7 (or any other number in the range
7 a 1.5 litres b 0.5 kg 0–60).
8 a £1.60 b £3.66 c £5.60 d £3.40 5 Student answers; require explanations for choices.
e £8.90 e £7.40 6 a i Even chance, 12 ii Likely, 23
1
9 a 6m b 4m c 3m d 1m iii Unlikely, 3
e 5m b i Unlikely, 14 ii Unlikely, 14
1
10 1.5 cm by 1 cm iii Even chance, 2

Check in 16 page 295 Exercise 16c page 301

1 a b 20 mins 1 Impossible – 0 Very unlikely – 1%
2 Unlikely – 0.1 An even chance – 0.5
Decimal Percentage Fraction Quite likely – 65% Certain – 100%
1 2 It is quite unlikely to rain tomorrow, although it would
0.1 10 % 10
1 be best to still take some showerproof clothing!
0.5 50 % 2 3 It is certain that you will win something, that is,
1
0.25 25 % 4 probability = 1. Of course, you may not win the prize
you were hoping for!
Exercise 16a page 297 4 a 12 b 10 3
c 10 2
 15 d 0
1 Student answers and reasons; accept answers with a e 2 1
f 10  5
8 4
g 1
sensible reason. 5 Student answers. Expectation is ≈ 17 times (100 ÷ 6), so
a Unlikely b Certain probably not fair, that is, biased.
c Impossible d Impossible 6 a, b Students’ results.
e Likely f Uncertain c Expectations are 10, 20 and 10.
g Impossible h Uncertain
i Uncertain Exercise 16d page 303
2 a Certain b Impossible 1 i a b Odd but not a multiple
c Uncertain, unlikely d Uncertain, likely Odd Multiple of 3.
3–4 Student answers; require explanations for choices. of 3 Odd and a multiple of 3.
Some possible answers are given. 15 3 6 A multiple of 3 but not
3 a i Night will follow day. 7 9 odd (even).
ii England will win a world cup. 248 Not odd (even) and not
iii Pigs will fly. a multiple of three.
b Yes ii a b Five or more but not
4 a Likely b Likely 5 or more Even even.
c Unlikely Five or more and even.
5 c (Certain), a (Likely), b (Even chance), e (Unlikely), 57 6 2 Even but not five or
d (Very unlikely?) 9 8 4 more.
13 Not five or more and not
even.
 iii a b A factor of 12 but not a c 1, 5, 7
Factor Factor factor of 10. d Even Multiple of 3
of 12 of 10 A factor of 12 and 10. 2 4
34 1 5 A factor of 10 but not a 8 10 6 3
6 2 factor of 12. 14 16 12 9
20 18 15
789 Not a factor of 12 and
not a factor of 10. 1 5 7 11 13 17 19
2 2D shape Blue
Case study 6: The school fair page 308
2 3 2 1 a 15 b 54
1 c One player wins a prize every game, not every player
wins a prize.
3 a 5 b 4 c 15 2 a £24.50 b 10
4 a 3 b 1 c 2 3 a Yes b Choose prizes randomly
4 a 100  5
20 1
b 10080
 54 c 100 1

MyReview 16 page 305 d £40, when only eighty people play and all lose.
1 a Even chance b Impossible Very, very unlikely (1.86 × 10–21)
c Certain d Likely 5 16p or more.
2 a Unlikely b Likely
c Impossible MyAssessment 4 page 310
3 a Impossible b Unlikely 1 a i 8, 4 ii 12, 14 iii 24, 29
c Even chance d Likely b i -4 ii 2 iii 5
e Very unlikely f Very likely 2 a Start at 32 and ÷2 each time.
g Unlikely h Certain b Start at - 11 and - 4 each time.
4 a 9 b 16 c 21 d 4 c Start at 17 and + 9 each time.
5
Red Triangle or Red Triangle d Start at 3 and - 4 each time.
3 a -3, 4, 11 b -4, 3, 10, 17, 24
R R G
3 2 3 4 a 63 b 40 c 8 d 9
Y
R R Y 5 a 620 b 5700 c 1700 d 230
4
6 a 9r2 b 16 c 15 r 3 d 4r1
Y Y G G
7 a £0.81 b £57.84 c £5.36
MyPractice 16 page 306 8 a 1:5 b 1 kg c 18 kg
1 Student answers; accept answers with a sensible reason. 9 a 100 : 100 : 80 or 10 ; 5 : 4
a (very) Likely b Impossible b i 600 g flour, 300 g butter, 240 g blueberries
c Unlikely/Equal chance/Likely ii 300 g flour, 150 g butter, 120 g blueberries
d Certain e Impossible 10 a £1.49 b £0.65 or 65p c £4.59
f (very) Unlikely g (very) Unlikley 11 a Likely, or similar word
h Likely b Even chance
2 Student answers; accept answers with a sensible reason. c Certain
a Certain b Unlikley/Likely 12 a One out of six
c Likely d Likely b Three out of six (1, 3 or 5)
e Certain f Impossible c Two out of six (5 or 6)
3 a, e and f unchanged. 13 a a b c
b Quite unlikely/Very likely
c Very likely
1 1 1 2 5
d Very likely/Almost certain 0 6 3 2 3 6
1
4 a Even chance b Likely
c Certain d Impossible b 16 , 63 or 12 62 or 13
e Very unlikely f Quite likely c 16.6% or 17%, 50%, 66.7% or 67%
5 a No chance b Certain
c Likely d Likely
e Evens chance f Unlikely
5 a 12 b 64  23 c 62  13 d 62  13
e 634 2
f 5
6
6 a 3, 9 b 2, 4, 8, 10
14 a Prime Even 16 £1950

35 2 46 Exercise 17c page 318

7 8 10 1 a The chance of sitting in a blue chair is 40 out of 160.
19 b 14
2 80
b 2 3 Numbers of rows and columns can be swapped.
Number of Number Total
Exercise 17a page 314 chairs in a row of rows
1 a 10 m b 25 m c 2m 8 10 8 × 10 = 80
2 70 m 4 20 4 × 20 = 80
3 22 m 2 40 2 × 40 = 80
2
4 20 m 16 5 16 × 5 = 80
5 ≈ 3.25 m 4 40
6 12 5 a Red b (2, G)
7 a Acute b Obtuse c Right 6 (3, F)
d Obtuse e Acute 7 D
8 a r = 60°, s = 30°, t = 90° b 180° 8 From left to right: 1 m, 5 m, 8.5 m, 3.25 m
9 4m
Exercise 17b page 316 10 125 m
1 a 6m 11 a Rio b Ahmed
b i 6.5 m ii 5.5 m iii 2.5 m 12 a 50 b 20 c 10
2 Trapezium 13 125 m
3 b and d 14 a 16 2
 81 b 2 : 4 : 10 = 1 : 2 : 5
4 a 14 b 34
5 Each colour is equally likely. Exercise 17d page 320
6 100 minutes = 1 hr 40 mins 1 One complete turn.
7 No 2 a 3, 4, 4, 5, 6
8 7A = 30, 7B = 27, 7C = 18, 7D = 25 b 4
9 c Amira’s median average score was 4.
d 30 e 8
f Students’ answers with reasons; a possible answer is
Good as above halfway.
3 C
4 6
5 a 17 b 13
6 a The pressure is 3 bars.
b The electricity reading is 235 volts.
c There are 6.5 litres of water in the machine.
10 a Well done year 7. They sold a total of 100 tickets. d The hot water temperature is 97 °C.
b Class 7A sold the most tickets, selling 30 tickets e The hot milk temperature is 45 °C.
altogether. 7 a b + c+ e 40p + 50p + 85 p = 175p = £1.75
c The range of sales is 12. b 2a + b+ d 30p + 30p + 40p + 60p= 160p = £1.60
11 c a + c + d + e 30p + 50p + 60p + 85 p = 225p = £2.25
Class Tickets sold Total 8 a £1.35 b 80p c 90p d £1.30
7A 30 £45 e £1.55 f £1.20 g £1.65
7B 27 £40.50
7C 18 £27 Exercise 17e page 322
7D 25 £37.50 1 a 33 sec b 31 sec c 33 sec d 32 sec
Total £150.00 e 32 sec
12 Year 7 collected a total of £150. 2 Grace (first), Rio & Eric (joint second),
13 200 Connor & Iman (joint fourth)
14 £250 3 a 24 b 32 c 64
15 The total money raised by the gala was £400.
4 Boys: 7A 16, 7B 18, 7C 17, 7D 19
Girls: 7A 18, 7B 19, 7C 16, 7D 17
5 a Correct b Correct c Incorrect (Team B won)
d Correct e Incorrect (Team B won)
6 a 7B b 7D, 7C, 7A
7 Not awarded
8

9 Assuming birthday not already passed:

2014 76 2015 77
2016 78 2017 79
2018 80 2019 81