Scribd
Upload
37 views47 pages

Chapter 6 Torsion - 240818 - 190141

Chapter 6 discusses torsion, including its definitions, assumptions, and derivation of torsional formulas. It covers torsional moments, stress in shafts, angle of twist, and compares solid and hollow shafts, highlighting that hollow shafts are stronger and more economical. The chapter also includes numerical problems to illustrate the application of these concepts in engineering.

Uploaded by

bishalsah840
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
37 views47 pages

Chapter 6 Torsion - 240818 - 190141

Chapter 6 discusses torsion, including its definitions, assumptions, and derivation of torsional formulas. It covers torsional moments, stress in shafts, angle of twist, and compares solid and hollow shafts, highlighting that hollow shafts are stronger and more economical. The chapter also includes numerical problems to illustrate the application of these concepts in engineering.

Uploaded by

bishalsah840
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 47

Chapter 6

TORSION
1

6. 1 INTRODUCTION AND ASSUM PTIONS


6. 2 D E R I VAT I O N O F T O R S I O N F O R M U L A S
6. 3 TO RSIO NAL M O M ENTS IN SH AFT
6. 4 TO RSIO NAL STRESS IN SH AFT
6. 5 ANGLE O F TWIST
INTRODUCTION
2

 Torsion is the twisting moment or couple or torque which


tends to rotate the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal
axis
Assumptions:
3

1. The material of the shaft is uniform all over its length


2. The shaft, circular in section, remains circular after
loading
3. Sections that are plane before twisting remain so after
twisting
4. The twist along the length of the shaft is uniform all
over its length
5. The stresses are within the elastic limits i.e. shear stress
is proportional to shear strain.
4
5
Derivation of Torsional formula

6
7
8
9
10
Torsional resistance developed by solid shaft

11
Torsional resistance developed in hollow shaft
12
Power transmitted by shaft

13
Comparison of Solid shaft & Hollow shaft

14
It shows that torque
transmitted by hollow
shaft is greater than the
solid shaft so hollow
shaft is stronger.
15
16
It shows that weight of
hollow shaft will be less
than that of solid shaft so
hollow shaft is economical.

17
18
19
Angle of twist
20

 In engineering problems such as torsion of shafts of


accurate milling and drilling machines, the angle of twist
is required to be restricted.
 A shaft for which angle of twist is significant should
always be designed or checked for angle of twist in
addition to design stresses in shaft.
Torsional Rigidity & Modulus of Rupture
21
22
Page 475 subramaniam
23

NUMERICALS
Numerical #1
For a shaft of 60 mm diameter, determine the maximum shear stress developed if
twisting moment of 10 KNm is applied on it . Also calculate the angle of twist in a 1.5
m length of shaft. If the material is steel, take G = 90 GN/m2. assume the material is
loaded upto elastic limit only.

24
Numerical #2
A solid circular shaft of 100mm diameter is transmitting 120kW at 150 r.p.m.
Find the intensity of shear stress in the shaft.

 T = 7639.44 Nm

 Shear stress = 39MPa

25
Numerical #3
A hollow shaft is to transmit 200kW at 80 r.p.m. If the shear stress is not to
exceed 60MPa and internal diameter is 0.6 of the external diameter, find
the diameters of the shaft. (Ans: 132mm, 79.2mm)

T = 23873.24 Nm

26
Numerical #4
Find the angle of twist per meter length of a hollow shaft of 100mm external
and 60mm internal diameter, if the shear stress is not to exceed 35MPa. Take
G=85GPa. (Ans : 0.50 )

27
Numerical #5
A solid circular shaft transmits 75 KW power at 200 rpm. Calculate the shaft diameter if the
twist in the shaft is not to exceed 1degree in 2 m length of shaft and shear stress is limited to
50 MN/m2. Take G = 100GN/m2

28
Numerical #6
A solid steel shaft has to transmit 100kW at 160 r.p.m. Taking allowable shear stress
as 70 MPa, find the suitable diameter of the shaft. The maximum torque
transmitted in each revolution exceeds the mean by 20%. (Ans: 80mm)

29
#7. A hollow shaft having internal diameter 40 % of its external diameter, transmits
562.5 kW power at 100 RPM. Determine the external diameter of the shaft if the shear
stress is not to exceed 60 N/mm2 and the twist in a length of 2.5 m should not exceed
1.3 degrees. Assume maximum torque is equal to 1.25 times of mean torque and
modulus of rigidity as 9 x 10^4 N/mm2.

30
31
Numerical #8
Important

32
33
34
Angular twist variation diagram

35
Numerical #9

36
37
38
Numerical #10
A solid steel shaft 6m long is fixed at each ends. A torque of 2KN-m is applied
to the shaft at a section 2.6m from right end. What are the fixing torques set
up at the ends of the shaft? If the diameter of the shaft is 40mm, what are the
maximum shearing stresses in the two portions? Calculate also the angle of
twist for the section where the torque is applied. Take G=84GN/m2. (Ans: 90
MN/m2 ; 68.96 MN/m2; 80)

39
Numerical #11
40

A solid cylindrical shaft is to transmit 300 kW at 100 rpm.


i. If the shear stress is not to exceed 80 MN/m2, find the diameter
ii. What percentage saving in weight would be obtained if this shaft is replaced
by a hollow one whose internal diameter equals 0.6 of external diameter; the
length, material and maximum shear stress being the same?
 Ans: D = 122 mm; 29.6 %

 Note: if the question is asked to find % saving in material then also find %saving in
weight.
41
Numerical # 12
42

The stepped steel shaft subjected to a torque T at free end and a torque 2T in the
opposite direction at the junction of two sizes. What is the total angle of twist at
free end, if the maximum stress in the shaft is limited to 70 MN/m2 ? Assume
modulus of rigidity to 84 GN/m2.
Free body diagram:

43
44
Numerical #13
45

A steel shaft LMNP is made. If equal opposite torques are applied at the end of
the shaft, find the maximum permissible value of d1 for maximum shearing stress
in LM not to exceed that in NP. If the torque applied is 10 kNm, what is total
angle of twist? G = 80 GN/m2.
46
47

You might also like