SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL AND COMMUNICATION
DEPARTMENT OF ECE
VTR UGE2021 B.TECH – ECE
Question Bank
10213EC109-Embedded Systems
Unit-I Introduction to Embedded System
Part-A
1. What is an embedded System?
An embedded system is a combination of computer hardware and software designed for a specific
function. Embedded systems may also function within a larger system. The systems can be programmable
or have a fixed functionality.
2. List the kinds of processors used in an embedded system.
General Purpose Processor
Application Specific Instruction set Processor
Single Purpose Processor
Application Specific Instruction set Processor cores integrated into ASIC or VLSI or FPGA
Application Specific System Processor
Multicore Processor
3. What is a general purpose processor?
A general purpose processor which has instruction set not designed to a specific applications. Examples
were Microprocessor and embedded processor.
4. Define single purpose processor.
Single purpose processors are the co processors which used for the graphic processing , floating point
processing , encrypting and deciphering. Accelerators for java code accelerator and controllers.
5. Define Watchdog timer.
A watchdog timer is an electronic or software timer that is used to detect and recover from computer
malfunctions.
6. What is the purpose of system timer and and Real time clocks in an embedded system?
A timer circuit is suitable configured as the system clock which ticks and generates system interrupts
periodically for the schedulers, real time programs, and for periodic saving of time and date in the system.
7. List the various types of memory.
1. Internal RAM at microprocessor
2. RAM at System on Chip or external RAM
3. Internal caches at microprocessor
4. External RAM chips
5. Flash/EEPROM
6. ROM/EPROM
7. ROM/PROM
8. What are all the program models for the software designing?
Sequential program model
Object oriented program model
Control and Data flow graph or synchronous data flow graph
Finite state machine for data path
Multi threaded model for concurrent processing of processes or threads and tasks
9. List the examples of embedded system
Point of sales
Washing or cooking systems
Stepper motor controller for robotic system
Keyboard controller
Home automation
Industrial automation
Automobile embedded application
Smart parking system
Smart lane assist system
10. In how many ways the embedded system is classified?
Embedded system is classified in two categories:
i) Performance and Functional requirements
ii) Performance of microcontrollers
11. What are all the types embedded system classified under functional requirements?
i) Real time embedded system
ii) Stand alone embedded system
iii) Network embedded system
iv) Mobile embedded system
12. What are all the types embedded system classified under performance of microcontrollers?
i) Small scale embedded system
ii) Medium scale embedded system
iii) Large scale embedded system
13. What is stand alone system?
Stand Alone Embedded Systems are independent systems which can work by themselves they don’t
depend on a host system. It takes input in digital or analog form and provides the output.
Examples :
MP3 players
Microwave ovens
calculator
14. Define hard real time embedded system.
In these types of embedded systems time/deadline of task is strictly followed. Task must be completed in
between time frame (defined time interval) otherwise result/output may not be accepted.
Examples :
Traffic control system
Military usage in defense sector
Medical usage in health sector
15. Define small scale embedded system.
Small Scale Embedded Systems are designed using an 8-bit or 16-bit micro-controller. They can be
powered by a battery. The processor uses very less/limited resources of memory and processing speed.
Mainly these systems does not act as an independent system they act as any component of computer
system but they did not compute and dedicated for a specific task.
Part-B
1. What is an embedded system? Discuss the hardware units to design the embedded system.
2. Discuss the features of the following hardware units used in the embedded system
i) Real time clock
ii) Reset circuit, Power up Reset
iii) Power source
iv) Interrupt handler
3. Explain the process of converting assembly language into machine codes with a neat block diagram.
4. Discuss any two examples of the embedded system.
5. Discuss in detail about the classification of embedded system with example.
