Volume 96 International Scientific Journal

Issue 2 published monthly by the

April 2019 World Academy of Materials
Pages 79-84 and Manufacturing Engineering

DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.2388

Bond strength of orthodontic adhesives

to dry and saliva-moistened enamel –
a comparative in vitro study
T. Stefański a,*, A. Kloc-Ptaszna b, L. Postek-Stefańska c
a Chair and Department of Orthodontics, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry
in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
b Institute of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology,

ul. Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland

c Chair and Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry

in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

* Corresponding e-mail address: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To compare the bond strengths of six different dental adhesives to dry and saliva-
moistened enamel.
Design/methodology/approach: One hundred twenty stainless steel brackets were
bonded to human mandibular third molars with six materials: Enlight LC® (Ormco Corp),
Grengloo® (Ormco Corp), Light Bond® (Reliance Orthodontic Products), Charisma®
(Heraeus Kulzer), SmartBond® (Gestenco), and Transbond XT® with MIP® primer (3M
Unitek). One half of the specimens in each group (n=10) was bonded to dry enamel, while
the other half to saliva-moistened enamel. Bond strength testing was performed with a
wire loop loading technique after 30-min incubation in artificial saliva. Failure mode was
evaluated using adhesive remaining index (ARI).
Findings: No significant differences in bond strength to dry enamel were noted for all
composite materials (p>0.05). SmartBond exhibited significantly greater bond strength
to moistened enamel (7.10 ± 1.47 MPa) and comparable with other composite materials
to dry enamel. Composite materials demonstrated significantly reduced bond strength to
saliva-moistened enamel (p<0.001), except for Transbond MIP, whose bond strength was
not significantly decreased by saliva contamination (p=0.089). There was not statistically
significant difference between bond strength of SmartBond and Transbond to saliva
contaminated enamel. A higher incidence of cohesive failures was noted for all materials.
Research limitations/implications: Composite light-cured materials provide adequate
bond strength to dry enamel. Cyanoacrylate adhesive provides sufficient bond strength only
under moist conditions. Transbond XT+MIP has sufficient bond strength to either dry or
saliva-moistened enamel.
Practical implications: The study evaluated the bonding strength of orthodontic brackets,
which is a critical parameter in orthodontics, especially in situations that do not allow for
proper isolation from saliva, such as bonding to impacted teeth following surgical exposure.
Originality/value: Bond strengths evaluated with loop loading technique in different study
environments would help the orthodontist to choose the most effective adhesive for the
specific clinical situation.

© Copyright by International OCSCO World Press. All rights reserved. 2019 RESEARCH PAPER 79
 T. Stefański, A. Kloc-Ptaszna, L. Postek-Stefańska

 Keywords: Bond strength, Adhesives, Orthodontic attachments

 Reference to this paper should be given in the following way:
 T. Stefański, A. Kloc-Ptaszna, L. Postek-Stefańska, Bond strength of orthodontic adhesives
 to dry and saliva-moistened enamel – a comparative in vitro study, Archives of Materials
 Science and Engineering 96/2 (2019) 79-84.


BIOMEDICAL AND DENTAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING


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Volume 96 Issue 2 April 2019 81


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