MIL

MA LIN
By: P
J Ca CH
non
o y, L
a u re
n ce
Roa
Yh a
nilie INE G
Ro ga
MILLING
MACHINE
a tool that removes
material from a
workpiece by rotating
a cutting tool into it. It
can be used to cut,
drill, and bore a variety
of materials, including
metals, plastics, and
wood.
Let's Explore the different TYpes of milling machine
VERTICAL MILLING HORIZONTAL CNC MILLING
MACHINE MILLING MACHINE MACHINE

BED TYPE KNEE TYPE UNIVERSAL

MILLING MACHINE MILLING MACHINE MILLING MACHINE
VERTICAL
MILLING
MACHINE
the spindle is oriented
vertically, allowing the cutting
tool to move up and down.
These machines are typically
used for drilling, boring, and
surface milling.

Ideal for smaller workpieces

or precision parts that require
detailed work.
TYPES OF VERTICAL MILLING MACHINE

Bridgeport Turret Mill

HORIZONTAL
MILLING
MACHINE
the spindle is oriented
horizontally, and the
workpiece is fed from the
side. This allows for faster
cutting of deeper
materials.

used for machining large,

heavy workpieces, or
performing operations like
slabbing and gear cutting.
TYPES OF A HORIZONTAL MILLING MACHINE

Plain Horizontal Mill Universal Milling Machine

CNC
MILLING
MACHINE
CNC (Computer Numerical
Control) milling machines
are automated, controlled
by computers, and use
programmed instructions to
perform complex machining
tasks.

Ideal for high-precision, high-

volume production, and can
perform both horizontal and
vertical milling operations.
TYPES OF A CNC MILLING MACHINE

3-Axis CNC Mill 5-Axis CNC Mill

BED TYPE
MILLING
MACHINE
stationary table that is not
movable vertically. The
movement is confined to
horizontal and vertical
directions with a powerful
motor for heavy cutting.

used for larger, heavier

workpieces and operations
requiring high material
removal rates.
KNEE TYPE
MILLING
MACHINE
vertically adjustable table,
with a "knee" that supports
the table and allows it to
move up and down. The
spindle can be moved
vertically as well.

used in smaller workshops

for tasks like drilling,
shaping, and precision
milling.
UNIVERSAL
MILLING
MACHINE
has a table that can rotate
in both the horizontal and
vertical planes, making it
very versatile for different
milling tasks. The head can
also swivel to different
angles.

Used in general-purpose
machining tasks and more
complex operations like
angular milling and gear
cutting.
PARTS OF A MILLING MACHINE
 PARTS OF A MILLING MACHINE
BASE
The base is the foundation of the milling machine. It
supports the entire machine and absorbs vibrations,
ensuring stability during operation.

COLUMN
The column is mounted on top of the base and
houses the components that control the movement
of the machine, such as the vertical spindle and the
power feed mechanism.

KNEE
The knee is a vertical support structure that can move
up and down along the column. It carries the saddle,
which supports the worktable, and can be adjusted to
control the distance between the worktable and the
spindle.
 PARTS OF A MILLING MACHINE
SADDLE
The saddle supports the table and allows it to move
horizontally (left and right) along the column. It
ensures the proper positioning of the workpiece
during milling operations.

TABLE
The worktable is the surface where the workpiece is
clamped or mounted. It can move horizontally along
the saddle, and in some milling machines, it can also
tilt for angular cutting.

SPINDLE
The spindle holds and rotates the cutting tool. It is
driven by the motor and is responsible for the cutting
action. The spindle may move vertically to adjust the
tool position for different depths of cut.
 PARTS OF A MILLING MACHINE
TOOL HEAD
The tool head holds the cutting tool in place and can
be adjusted for vertical movement (up and down). It
also houses the mechanism for changing or adjusting
tools.

POWER FEED MECHANISM

The feed mechanism controls the movement of the
worktable and other parts, such as the saddle and
knee. It can be manual or powered, providing the
necessary feed rate for accurate and efficient cutting.

QUILL
The quill holds the spindle and allows vertical
movement (up and down) for adjusting the tool
position. It is typically used for drilling or boring
operations
 PARTS OF A MILLING MACHINE
CROSS FEED HANDLE
The cross feed handle allows the operator to
manually adjust the movement of the table in the
horizontal direction (left and right).

LONGITUDINAL FEED HANDLE

The longitudinal feed handle allows the operator to
precisely move the table along the longitudinal axis
during milling, enabling efficient and accurate cutting,
especially in manual machines.

MOTOR
The motor powers the milling machine by driving the
spindle, feed mechanism, and other components,
providing the energy needed for cutting operations.
 PARTS OF A MILLING MACHINE
COOLANT SUPPLY SYSTEM
This system directs coolant (typically water-based
fluid) to the cutting area to reduce heat, remove chips,
and prolong tool life. It helps prevent overheating of
both the workpiece and the cutting tool.

RAM
The ram is a part found in certain milling machines,
such as ram-type vertical mills. It holds the spindle
and can be moved in and out to position the spindle
over the workpiece for milling.

CLAMPING DEVICE
These are used to secure the workpiece onto the
worktable. Clamps, vices, and fixtures ensure that the
workpiece remains stationary during the cutting
process.
HOW DOES IT
WORK?
A milling machine removes
material from a work piece
by rotating a cutting tool
(cutter) and moving it into
the work piece. Milling
machines, either vertical or
horizontal, are usually used
to machine flat and
irregularly shaped surfaces
and can be used to drill,
bore, and cut gears, threads,
and slots.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1.TRAINING AND FAMILIARITY
-Only trained and authorized personnel
should operate milling machines.

-Read the machine's user manual

before operating to understand its
features and safety instructions.
 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
2.PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT(PPE)
Eye Protection:
-Wear safety goggles or face shields to
protect from flying debris and chips.
Hearing Protection:
- Use earmuffs or earplugs if the machine
operates at high noise levels.
Gloves:
-Wear gloves that fit well to avoid getting
caught in moving parts, but avoid loose
clothing or gloves that could be snagged.
Protective Footwear:
-Wear sturdy, closed-toed shoes or boots to
protect feet from heavy objects and
machinery.
 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
3.WORK AREA SAFETY
-Keep the area around the milling machine clean and
well-lit.

4.MACHINE SETUP AND OPERATION

-Always inspect the machine before use, checking
for any loose parts or mechanical issues.

-Never leave a running machine unattended, and

stop the machine if you need to leave the work
area.

-Never attempt to make adjustments or

measurements while the machine is running.
 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
5. PROPER TOOL HANDLING
-Make sure the cutting tools are sharp and in good
condition.

-Use a tool holder or collet for securing tools, and

make sure they are properly installed.

6. DURING OPERATION
-Keep hands, clothing, and hair away from moving
parts at all times.

-Do not reach over or in front of the milling machine

while it is running. Use push sticks or other tools to
move workpieces, not your hands.

-Always stay alert and avoid distractions while

operating the machine.
 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
7.EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
-Know the location of the emergency
stop button and be ready to use it in
case of a malfunction.

-If the machine malfunctions or a tool

breaks, turn it off immediately and
report the issue.