A Closer Look at the
Teachers and the
Teaching Profession
in the ASEAN and
Beyond
GROUP 3
OBJECTIVES
1. Discuss the academic preparation of teacher profession in
basic education.
2. Enumerate the components of teacher preparation
3. Discuss the different teaching practices in the ASEAN.
4. Enumerate one from the other educational system of
a) China b) Japan c) USA
INTRODUCTION
The teaching profession plays a crucial role in
shaping the education system and the future of
nations. In this report, we will delve into the
teachers and the teaching profession in the ASEAN
(Association of Southeast Asian Nations) region
and beyond.
THE ASEAN: ONE VISION, ONE IDENTITY,
ONE COMMUNITY
Basic education levels in most ASEAN countries have 12 years
of formal schooling, divided into primary, lower secondary and
upper secondary levels. All primary education levels are
compulsory , while in some countries the secondary level is
voluntary except Philippines. In Singapore, the last two year
levels are pre-university levels. Tertiary level is the college level
which is beyond the basic education in all the countries in the
ASEAN.
The Teacher Professional Across the ASEAN
1. Academic preparation of Teacher Professionals in
Basic Education
ASEAN countries have comparable academic teacher
education preparations
a. 12 years of basic education and 2 years of teacher
prep to earn a Diploma in Teaching
b. upper secondary level - 12 years + 4-5 years of
teacher preparation
c. non education degree graduates – take the post
graduate diploma in Education/ Teaching
d. all provides a teaching practicum, student teaching
or field experience courses. This will provide them the
opportunity to apply the theories and concepts in the
content and pedagogy courses in real class situation.
2. Components of Teacher Preparation
Key to quality education are qualified, professionally
trained, motivated and well supported teachers.
Four components of teacher academic preparations
common to ASEAN COUNTRIES
1. General knowledge and understanding- general
education and liberal education
WHAT TO KNOW ABOUT ONESELF AND WORLD
2. Pedagogy - provides variety of teaching delivery
approaches beyond traditional methods of teaching;
pedagogical theories and principles HOW TO TEACH.
3. Innovative methods - student centered approaches ,
cooperative learning, project based learning based on
international values to enhance peace education,
sustainable development , respect for diversity,
inclusive education and global citizenship.
➢ TEACHING Practicum /experiential Learning
4. Knowledge, theories and principles and pedagogies
learned are validated in real life situation as
teachers. This is needed for certification to teach.
➢ Specialized knowledge /major courses
The Teaching Profession Practices in the ASEAN
Teacher's Major Responsibilities
▪ Actual Teaching - time of engagement of the
teacher with the learners within the official
teaching hours ; contact time or time on task
▪ 6-8 hours /day, 40 -45 hours /week, 4 weeks per
month and 10 months/year
• Management of Learning - refers to activities that
support the actual teaching. this can be beyond
actual time like remediation or enhancement,
homework or co - curricular activities.
• Administrative work - refers to the teachers job that
includes writing test items, checking and recording
of test paper results, attending to parents, making
reports and other related activities .
• ASEAN teachers salary ranges from 120.50 USD to
2,589. Per month. Singapore is 45, 755 per year
Teacher Licensing and Recruitment
Most teachers are licensed as professionals or are
certified to teach by the country's appropriate
agencies like in the Philippines. Professional
Regulation Commission (PRC)
❖ Singapore - National Institute for Education
❖ Thailand - Teacher Education council (Khurusapha)
❖ Indonesia - AKTA IV
Teacher recruitment process and qualifications are
guided by the Ministry of Education
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS
China- has the largest teaching force in the world - 200 million
students 9 million teachers in the elementary, junior and senior
HS
Education is highly centralized for course syllabus are written by
scientists and professors hired by the National Educational
Commission. Subject matter and instructional contents are
uniform for all.
Educational system includes:
• Six years of primary education
• 3 years of junior middle school , 3 years of senior middle
school
• Six years of university
• Varieties of technical and vocational schools
2 categories of teachers based on the source and
structure of salary
1. Gongban (state paid) - teachers who earn salary comparable
with other state employees
Five grade system
Senior grade teachers- 6%
Super grade teachers highest level- 5% of the teaching force
Third grade teachers
Second grade teachers - majority of secondary teachers
First grade teachers
2. Minban (community paid) - teachers who are paid by local
community
China's Teacher Licensing standardized for secondary teachers
by the central government while examination for the elementary
teachers are the responsibility of each province.
Chinese teachers enjoy unquestionable authority
Chinese society- the teacher tells the single and absolute truth
and the job of the students is to absorbed the knowledge
conveyed by the teacher without question.
Students are guided by the following tenets:
• Important knowledge comes from teachers and textbooks.
• Learning involves listening, thinking and silent practice.
• Knowledge espoused by the teacher and the textbook is not to
be challenge.
China rank 1 in the Global Teacher status Index where teaching
profession is regarded equal to the doctor.
2. Japan -24 million students from k to university. Only
10% going to university
The Japanese Education system is highly centralized and is
administered by the Mombusho or Ministry of Education . It is a
model on how to operate schools. The system gives us a mental
picture of obedient, quiet school children sitting on their desks,
listening to the teacher and working hard to pass the various
examinations.
The educational system produces students who perform better
on international examinations.
• The best in the world in solving mathematical equations.
• Youngsters are well behave, envied around as law- abiding
• Overwhelming civility, ; graffiti and vandalism are rare
• Education is free and compulsory for children 6 to 15 years
• Classes are large and teaching methods are lectures
• Educational system is divided into 5 basic levels k, elementary
(6years), lower secondary (3years ) upper s secondary (3
years) and university (4 years).
The Teaching Profession in Japan
In Japan, teachers are expected to infuse cultural values
throughout school activities including students lives both in school
or even at home and community.
Annual salary (2013) $43, 775.00
Teacher Certification in Japan.
• First class certificate -issued to pre school, elementary or
secondary teachers with basic qualification is Bachelors Degree.
• Second Class Certificate- basic qualification plus 62 credit units
in a teacher and working hard to pass the various entrance
examinations.
Becoming employed as a teacher
Most of the public school teachers are prefectural employees
even if they teach in municipal schools . A prefectural
appointment examination is given in two stages
1. Written tests
2. Interview
Age is very important consideration for teacher applicants, under
the age of 30. But once the applicants gain entry to the teaching
profession , they are assured of lifetime employment.
United States of America
American educational system greatly influenced the Phil.
Educational system
Basic Education, the avenue for teaching jobs in USA
Levels of education in US are similar to the Philippines
Becoming a Professional Teacher in USA
Pre service students who are preparing to teach must attend a
college or a university for four years, major or minor in education
and earn a teaching certificate
Earning Teaching Certificate
USA has a decentralized educational system and each state
education agency (SEA) has its own guidelines and requirements for
earning and maintaining a teaching certificate. A teaching
certificate earned in one state may or may not recognized in
another state.
Prospective teacher must pass the National Teacher Examination
(NTE). They require teachers to renew their certification by
continuing to take renewal credits .
Salaries of teachers - $44, 917.00 . It is determined by education
and experience.
What makes a good American Teacher?
Elementary schools teachers are child focused , kind person,
understanding and sensitive to the needs of children.
Secondary - subject matter specialists
Global Teacher Status Index
21 countries were chosen based on PISA and TIMMSS.
Index determined the level of respect afforded the teachers in the
specific country.
Data include profile of teacher respect , teaching as sought after
profession, contextualized understanding of teacher status and
views on pupils, respect for readers.
China ranks 1
MEMBERS:
BLANCO, ROXANNE D.
ABAD, MERCYBELLE P.
BURGOS, LUISA MAE
GAGATE, GERALDINE
PASCUA, ROCHELLE MAE
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