3

'2_16-;3!;=2;3!;_(2Ý`)-;3!;

=2;3!;_2-;3$;

=2;3!;+{-;3$;}
=2-1
1 2 3 4 5 =;2!;
6 7 8 9 10 148

n=2 3-2=1 1
(3'3+1)'3_(3'3+1)-1
=(3'3+1)'3-1
xÛ`=1
=3('3+1)('3-1)
=3Û`=9
f(2)=2
n=3 3-3=0 0

xÜ`=0 (3'3+1)'3_(3'3+1)-1
=33+'3_3-'3-1
f(3)=1 =3(3+'3 )+(-'3-1)
n=4 3-4=-1 -1 =3Û`=9

xÝ`=-1
£`4+ ¢`16+ £`;1Á2;

f(4)=0 = £`4+ £`;1Á2;+ ¢`4Û`

f(2)+f(3)+f(4)=2+1+0=3 = £`{4_;1Á2;}+2

= £`3-1+2
=(-1)+2
=1

;2(; a

a=3®;2(;
2n 2n
36 b ª`3"Å4n= ª`3"Å2Û`n= ª`2 3 =
3
b=6'3Œ6=6"Å6Û`=3'6 2n
10 n 3
3
6 9 12 15 5
a_b=3®;2(; _3'6

=3®É;2(;_6

=3'2Œ7 3` ª`'6+ ;4!; `27

=3"Å3Ü` =3` ª`6;2!;+ `3Ü`

2 `
=3 3
=3_;2!;_ ª`6+ ` ª`3
-2

2
=;2#;` ª`6-;2#;` ª`3 B=10_5.12=51.2
(x-A)(x-B)<0 51.2<x<200
=;2#;( ª`6- ª`3)
x 52 53 54 y 199
=;2#;` ª`;3^;
199-52+1=148
=;2#;` ª`2 148

=;2#;

'3_2 ¢`3
1
;2!; ¢`2
=3 _3
1 2 3 4 5
=3;2!;_3;2!;` ª`2
6 7 8 9 10
=3;2!;+;2!;
=3
3
"Ã'1Œ2+2^_3"Ã'1Œ2-2^
=3"Ã('1Œ2+2)('1Œ2-2)^
=3'Ä12-46
3
` '¶300 =3'8
= `300;3!; =3"Å2Ü`
=;3!;` `(3_10Û`) =2

=;3!;_( `3+ `10Û`)

=;3!;_( `3+2) 9;6!;_3®É;8!;+1

;3!;
=;3!;_(0.4771+2) =(3Û`);6!;_{;8(;}

=;3!;_2.4771 (3Û`);3!;
=3;3!;_
=0.8257 (2Ü`);3!;
=3;3!;+;3@;_;2!;

=;2#;
`A=2.3010
=2+0.3010
= `10Û`+ `2 3
'¶-246_81;6!;
= `(10Û`_2)
=-3'2Œ4_(3Ý`);6!;
A=10Û`_2=200
=-(2Ü`_3);3!;_3;3@;

`B=1.7093 =-(2_3;3!;)_3;3@;
=1+0.7093 =-2_3;3!;+;3@;
= `10+ `5.12 =-6
= `(10_5.12)

3
 (6'2Œ7+1)(9;4!;-1) = £`12_ £`3
=(27 +1)(9 -1)
;6!; ;4!; = £`12

={(3Ü`);6!;+1}{(3Û`);4!;-1}
=(3;2!;+1)(3;2!;-1)
1
£`2+ £`9_ £`
=(3;2!;)Û`-1Û` '6
=3-1 = £`2+ £`3Û`_ £`6-;2!;
=2
= £`2+2_{-;2!;` £`6}

= £`2- £`6
1
= £`;6@;
('Ú2 '3ß ) '1Œ2
_2-;4%;
'3 1
=(2 2 ) '1Œ2 _2-;4%; = £`;3!;
'3 1
= £`3-1
=(2 2 ) 2'3
_2-;4%;
=-1
=2;4!;_2-;4%;

=2;4!;+{-;4%;}
=2-1 { ¢`3+;2!;}_ ¤`8

=;2!; ={ ¢`3+;2!;` ¢`4}_ ¤`8

=( ¢`3+ ¢`4;2!;)_ ¤`8

=( ¢`3+ ¢`2)_ ¤`8
3
£` ®;8(; + £`2 = ¢`(3_2)_ ¤`8
= £`(3Û`_2 ) + -3 ;3!;
£`2 ¢`8
= ¢`6_
¢`6
= £`(3 _2 ;3@; -1
)+ £`2
= ¢`8
;3@; -1
= £`3 + £`2 + £`2 = 2Û` `2Ü`
=;3@;+(- £`2)+ £`2 =;2#;` ª`2

=;3@; =;2#;

£`2
£`2 £`6
3
£` ®;8(; + £`2 6 _{;2!;} =2 _(2-1) £`2

£`6
=2 _2- £`2

= £`{(3Û`_2-3);3!;_2} £`6- £`2

=2
= £`{(3;3@;_2-1)_2} =2 £`;2^;
=2 £`3

= £`3;3@;=;3@; =2Ú`=2

( £`6)Û`-( £`2)Û`
£`2 £`2
=( £`6+ £`2)( £`6- £`2) 6 £`2
_{;2!;} ={6_;2!;} =3 £`2

= £`(6_2)_ £`;2^; =2 £`3

=2

4
2 =3;2!;+2_3;2!;
=3_3;2!;
1 2 3 4 5 =3'3
6 7 8

k 2 a (a+2)
xn=k AB
ACB=90
n ABC
n
AB=AECA Û`+CB Û`F
2 4 6 y 100
p=50 =Á°(4'3 )Û`+(4'1Œ2)Û`¤
2 2
a -2 =ae(3;4!;) +{(2Û`_3);4!; f

=ae3;2!;+2_3;2!;f
p+a=50+(-2)=48
=ae3_3;2!;f

=ad31+;2!;f

=(3;2#;);2!;
a n
=3;4#;
n
x =a
CAB=h ABC
6
'2_3'4
CA
(6'2_3'4 )n=a `h=
AB
n
(2;6!;_2;3@;) =a =
3;4!;
n
(2;6%;) =a 3;4#;
a n 6 a 2Þ` =3;4!;-;4#;
a=6 b=2Þ` =3-;2!; yy`
a+b=6+2Þ`=6+32=38 A C
A
`h=
CA
A
= yy`
3
3;4!;
2 '3
xÛ`-6'3x- =0 a b
3
A
3-;2!;=
2 '33 3;4!;
a+b=6'3 ab=-
3
A =3-;2!;_3;4!;
aÜ`+bÜ`=(a+b)Ü`-3ab(a+b)
=3-;2!;+;4!;
2 3'3
=(6'3 )Ü`-3_{- }_6'3 =3-;4!;
3
1
=(3;6!;)Ü`+2_3;3!;_3;6!; =4
'3
=3;6!;_3+2_3;3!;+;6!;

5
 A(0 ª`ab) y=2x+3 1
2` `b=
a ( `b+1)
a
ª`ab=2_0+3 a `b

ª`a+ ª`b=3 yy` 2( a `b)Û`= a `b+1

2( a `b)Û`- a `b-1=0
B{1 ª`;aB;} y=2x+3
(2` a`b+1)( `b-1)=0
a

ª`;aB;=2_1+3 `b=-;2!;
a a `b=1
ª`b- ª`a=5 yy` a+b

`b=-;2!;
a
2` ª`b=8
ª`b=4
b=2Ý`=16 `b+
a b `;a!;
ª`b=4
= a `b- b `a
ª`a=-1
1
= a `b-
a=2-1=;2!; a `b

={-;2!;}-(-2)

a+b=;2!;+16=;;£2£;; =;2#;

¢`a+ ¢`b=;2%;

¢`ab=;2%; 3
ab=4;2%;=(2Û`);2%;=2Þ` 1 2 3
(a b)
(1 2Þ`) (2Ú` 2Ý`) (2Û` 2Ü`) (2Ü` 2Û`) (2Ý` 2Ú`) (2Þ` 1)
A Á={64} Aª 64
6

xÛ`=64
8 -8
y=( ª`3)x y=( »`a)x
ª`3_ »`a=-1 Aª={-8 8}
ª`3_ 3Û` `a=-1 A£ Aª
ª`3_{;2!;` £`a}=-1

ª`3_ £`a=-2 xÜ`=-8 xÜ`=8

ª`a=-2 -2 2

a=2-2=;4!;
A£={-2 2}
A¢ A£

`b : `a= `ab : 2 xÝ`=-2 xÝ`=2

a b a

1 xÝ`=2
`b : =(1+ `b) : 2 4
a
a `b a
'2 -4'2

6
 2n `'§m+ 2n `'§¶m+16_ `m=;2#;
m+1
4 4
A¢={- '2 '2 }
;2!;` 2n `m+;2!;` `(m+1)_
2n m+1 `m=;2#;
A° A¢
;2!;` 2n `m+;2!;` `m=;2#;
2n
xÞ`=-4'2 xÞ`=4'2
xÞ`=-4'2 1 xÞ`=4'2 2n `m=;2#;
1 A° 2
A£ -4 A°
(2n);2#;=m
2
(2n)Ü`=mÛ`
p+q=(-4)+2=-2
2Ü`_nÜ`=mÛ` yy`

n=2_pÛ` (p )
n n 3 n n n n
'p_ 'q=- '2 'p_ 'q 'p 'q
2ß`_pß`=mÛ`
p<q m=2Ü`_pÜ`
n n
'p<0 'q>0 p n m
n
'p p n p=1 n=2_1Û` m=2Ü`_1Ü`
n p=2 n=2_2Û` m=2Ü`_2Ü`
n n 3
'p_ 'q=- '2 n p=3 n=2_3Û` m=2Ü`_3Ü`
n n p=4 n=2_4Û` m=2Ü`_4Ü`
p_q=(-1)n_(3'2 )n=(-1)n_2 =-2 3 3

n
n (2ÉnÉ20) -2 3
m n 500 p 3

n=3 9 15
(m n) 3
Ú n=3
p_q=-2
(p q)
(-1 2) (-2 1)
2
Û n=9
p_q=-2Ü`
(p q)
(-1 2Ü`) (-2 2Û`) (-2Û` 2) (-2Ü` 1)
4
Ü n=15
p_q=-2Þ`
(p q)
(-1 2Þ`) (-2 2Ý`) (-2Û` 2Ü`) (-2Ü` 2Û`)
(-2Ý` 2) (-2Þ` 1)
6
Ú Û Ü (p q)
2+4+6=12

7
 A x 2 B x 1
A(2 2Û`) B(1 3Ú`)
AB
3-4
y= (x-1)+3
1-2
y=x+2
1 2 3 4 17 5
m=1 k=2
6 205 7 8 9 52 10
mk=1_2=2

y=ax y=-x+2
y=2x+2+3 y=2x x

0<a<1 yy` -2 y 3
A(0 7)
y=a y
x-1
y={;3!;} +k=3-(x-1)+k

y=3x y x
1 y k
B(0 3+k)
x
y
y=-x+2 y=2 Û +3

f(1)+f(-1)=;2%;
A
3+k y={ } Ú +k
a+;a!;=;2%; B
x
2aÛ`-5a+2=0
x-1
(2a-1)(a-2)=0
y=2x+2+3 y={;3!;} +k 2
a=;2!; a=2
A y B y

a=;2!; 7>3+k
x
k<4
f(x)={;2!;} k 1 2 3
3
f(2)=;4!;

y=-3x+a y=3x x
y a
y=mx+k (k>1) y=2x y=3x
1 A B
y
Ú m>0 Û m<0
b
y y=3 y
y=3
A y=2 y=-3 +a
B y=2
B x
A

x
x {x|1ÉxÉ2} y=-3x+a x=1
x=2

8
 1 -3Û`+a=1 (x-1)Û`+yÛ`=rÛ` y= ¢`x
a=10 1
b y
b=-3Ú`+10=7
(x-1)Û +yÛ =rÛ
y= x
a+b=10+7=17
17 x
y= x
a y= `x
a

y=-x+2
¢`8= `2Ü`=;2#;
2Û` (x-1)Û`+yÛ`=rÛ`
Ú a>1
y
{8 ;2#;}
y= x (a>1)
2
(8-1)Û`+{;2#;} =rÛ`
2
x 4rÛ`=4_[(8-1)Û`+{;2#;} ]

y=-x+2 =4_{49+;4(;}
y= a`x y=-x+2 =196+9
1 =205
Û 0<a<1 205
y y= x (0<a<1)
£`(-x+m)= £`{-(x-m)}
y= £`(-x+m) y= £`x
y x m
x

y y= x
y=-x+2 y= (-x+2)
y= a`x y=-x+2 y= (-x)
2 x
Ú Û 0<a<1
|`f(2)|=2
| 2|=2
a`
y= £`(-x) (-1 0)
2=2
a` a` 2=-2
x 2
aÛ`=2 a-2=2
(1 0)
a>0
y= ª`x
1
a='2 a= y= £`(-x+m) 1
'2
0<a<1 m>2 m 3

1 '2
a= =
'2 2
y=- 2 `(-x)+a y= ª`x
y a
y= ª`x y= ¢`x
(x-1)Û`+yÛ`=rÛ` x y=- `(-x)+a
2 x

9
 y 2|x-1|=;2#;
y
y=- (-x)+a |x-1|=;4#;
y= x
x-1=;4#; x-1=-;4#;
x
x=;4&; x=;4!;

x
[x|-4ÉxÉ-;8!;]
;4&;_;4!;=;1¦6;
y=- 2`(-x)+a x=-;8!;

4=- ª`;8!;+a

=- ª`2-3+a
1
=3+a 1 2 3 4 5
a=1 6 7 8 9 10
y=- 2 `(-x)+1 x=-4
b
b=- ª`4+1 f(x)=ax
=- ª`2Û`+1 ( f½f )(0)=f( f(0))=f(aâ`)=f(1)=a='2
=-2+1 f(x)=('2 )x
=-1 f(3)=('2 )Ü`=2'2
a+b=1+(-1)=0

y=ax {x|0ÉxÉ1}
y= a `x xÛ`+(y-1)Û`=1 f(x)=ax
0<a<1 Ú a>1
`(3x+1)É
a a`(x+6) y=f(x) x y
3x+1¾x+6
2x¾5 {y| f(0)ÉyÉ f(1)}={y|1ÉyÉa}
x¾;2%; yy` [y|;3!;ÉyÉb]

3x+1>0 x+6>0 Û 0<a<1

x>-;3!; yy` y=f(x) x y

x¾;2%; {y| f(1)ÉyÉ f(0)}={y|aÉyÉ1}

x 10 x 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 [y|;3!;ÉyÉb]
10 52
52 a=;3!; b=1

4|x-1|=2'2 Ú Û a=;3!; b=1

(2Û`)|x-1|=2Ú`_2;2!; a+b=;3!;+1=;3$;

2Û`|x-1|=2;2#;

10
4_2x-1+3=2Û`_2x-1+3=2x+1+3
y=4_2x-1+3 y=2x a=;8!;
x -1 y 3

a=2 m=-1 n=3

a+m+n=2+(-1)+3=4 y= £`x x

y=- £`x
x-2 x y=- £`x x 1 y
y=-{;3@;} +1 y={;3@;}
2
x x 2 y y=- £`(x-1)+2
1 y=- £`(x-1)+2 (4 a)
x-2
y=-{;3@;} +1 x y
a=- £`(4-1)+2
{x|-1ÉxÉ3}
x-2 =- £`3+2
y=-{;3@;} +1 x=3 =-1+2
1
-{;3@;} +1=;3!; =1

y=4x-1+1 x 1
y=2x-1+2 y=2x x
1 y 2
y=4(x-1)-1+1
y=2
y=4x-2+1
(a b) y=2 1 b>2
y=4x-2+1 y=x
b-2=1
b=3
x=4y-2+1
(a 3) y=2x-1+2
4y-2=x-1
y-2= ¢`(x-1)
2a-1+2=3
y= ¢`(x-1)+2
2a-1=1
y= ¢`(x-1)+2 x
a=1
x y=0
0= ¢`(x-1)+2
a+b=1+3=4
¢`(x-1)=-2
x-1=4-2

1
y=;3@;` ¢`
x
x=;1Á6;+1=;1!6&;
-1
=;3@;` 2Û` `x

=;3@;_{-;2!;}` ª`x
y= ¦`(8x-1)
=-;3!;` ª`x
= ¦`[8{x-;8!;}]
= 2 ` `x
= ;8!;`x = ¦`{x-;8!;}+ ¦`8

11
 y= ¦`{x-;8!;}+ ¦`8 Û xÉ0
y=2x y=4x
y= ¦`x x ;8!; y
(0 1)
x
¦`8 f(x)=2
Ú Û
x=;8!; 4x (x>0)
f(x)=g
2x (xÉ0)
x=;8!; y= `x
;4!; a
y f(a)_f(-a)=f(0)+7
4a_2-a=1+7
y= ;4!;`;8!;
22a_2-a=8
-3
= 2 ` `2 2a=2Ü`
=;2#; a=3

ª`(x+7)<1- ;2!; `(x+1) y=2x+1 y=2x y

ª`(x+7)<1- 2 ``(x+1) 1 y=1
x
ª`(x+7)<1+ ª`(x+1) y=-{;3!;} +a=-3-x+a
ª`(x+7)< ª`2+ ª`(x+1)
y=3x y
ª`(x+7)< 2 `2(x+1)
a
2 1
y=a
x+7<2x+2
y=1 y=a 3
x>5 yy`
a=-2 a=4
Ú a=-2
x+7>0 x+1>0
y
x>-1 yy` y=2 +1
x>5
x 6
y=1
x
y=-2
y=-3 -2

2 x
y=2x+1 y=-{;3!;} -2
1 2 3 4 29 5
6 7 8
Û a=4
y y=2 +1
y=4
x f(x)
Ú x>0
y=4x y=2x y=1
x
x
f(x)=4 y=-3 +4

12
 x
y=2x+1 y=-{;3!;} +4 A(p q) B(p-2 q+4)

Ú Û AB

a=4 p+(p-2) q+(q+4)

{ } (p-1 q+2)
2 2
(2 a)
p-1=2 q+2=a
y=ax-1+2 y=ax x p=3 a=q+2
1 y 2 A(3 q) y=3x
q=3Ü`
Ú a>1 a=3Ü`+2=29
y=ax x y 29
{x|2ÉxÉ3} y=ax-1+2

x=2 ;4(;
y= b `x (b>0 b+1)
a+2=;4(; a=;4!; y=bx
a>1 y=;2!; x y=2x
Û 0<a<1
y=ax x y y= `x
b y=;2!; x
x-1
{x|2ÉxÉ3} y=a +2 y=bx y=2x
x=3 ;4(;
y=ax (a>0 a+1)
aÛ`+2=;4(; aÛ`=;4!; y=2x
a>0 y y=b
y=2x
a=;2!;

0<a<1 y=a

Ú Û a=;2!;
x-1
y={;2!;} +2 x

x=2 b 1<a<b
2-1
b={;2!;} +2=;2!;+2=;2%; a
0< <1
b
a+b=;2!;+;2%;=3 a x
y={ } x y
b

a x
{x|-1ÉxÉ2} y={ }
x+2 x b
y=3 +4 y=3 x
x=-1 2
-2 y 4
a -1
{ } =2
b
y=3x (p q)
a
(p q) (p-2 q+4) =;2!;
b
y=3x+2+4
a x
(p q) (p-2 q+4) y={ } x=2
b
-2

13
 a 2 2
y= (ax+b) y y= 2x
{ } ={;2!;} =;4!;
b
y=k
P

y=-|x|+k x
-x+k (x¾0)
=g x=2 x=4
x+k (x<0)
y=2x y= ª`x y= ª`(ax+b) (a<0)
y=2 y=x
ª`x y=x y= ª`x+1 y x
4
-1 y=-x+k y= ª`x+1 y
y=2 x
y= ª`x A B y= ª`(-x)+1
y=x x 4
A(p q) B(q p) y= ª`{-(x-4)}+1
y y=2 ª`(ax+b)= ª`{-(x-4)}+1
k y= x = ª`(-x+4)+1
y= (-x) A
C = ª`{2_(-x+4)}
B
x = ª`(-2x+8)
a=-2 b=8
y=x+k y=-x+k
ab=(-2)_8=-16
y=-x+k y=x+k y
y= ª`x y= ª`(-x) y
B C y C x p
C(-q p) C(p 4 p+1
)
ABC {;3@; a} A B C y 6'2 0 4p+1
AC : CB=1 : 2
p+q+(-q)
=;3@; yy` 1_0+2_6'2
3 =4p+1
q+p+p 1+2
=a yy` 4p+1=4'2
3
p=2 q=2p=2Û`=4 (2Û`)p+1=22+;2!;
4+2+2
a= =;3*; 22p+2=2;2%;
3
A(2 4) y=-x+k 2p+2=;2%;
4=-2+k
k=6 2p=;2!;

k+a=6+;3*;=;;ª3¤;; p=;4!;

ª`2x= ª`x+ ª`2= ª`x+1

y= ª`2x y= ª`x y
1 y
3
a<0 P = y= ª`(ax+b)
1 2 3 8
x=4

14
 y=2x y=-2-x A B
A B
P : =3 : 2 x a (a>0) ª`a ª`a
_ 1 =-1
a -
a
(a 2a) (-a -2a) P(4a 24a) ( ª`a)Û`=1
y y=2
l ª`a=1 ª`a=-1
P
a=2 a=;2!;

a>1
-a a=2
4a
y=-2 x
a A(2 1) B{-;2!; 1} ABC

;2!;_BC_ A
P
2a-0 24a-0 =;2!;_2 B_ A
=
a-0 4a-0
2
a>0 =¾Ð{-;2!;} +1Û`_"Ã2Û`+1Û`
2a_4=24a
'5
2a+2=2Ý4a =
2
_'5
4a=a+2
=;2%;
a=;3@;

xÉ0 y=|2x+3-3| y=2x

A (a ª`a) (a>1) B y x -3 y -3
ª`a B x x x
;2!;`(-x)= ª`a y=2x+3-3
y=-3 y=|2x+3-3|
- ª`(-x)= ª`a
1
ª`{- }= ª`a y=3 yy`
x
1 x=0 y=|2Ü`-3|=5
- =a
x
y=|2x+3-3| (xÉ0)
1
x=- y
a
B
1
{- ª`a}
a
y= ;2!;`(-x)
x
y= ;2!; `(-x)=- ª`(-x)
y= `(-x) y= ª`x
;2!;
3-x+2-n=3-(x-2)-n x>0
-x+2
y=3 -n y=3x y
BC x 2 y
ABC AB=AC -n

15
 y=3-(x-2)-n
y=-n yy`
x=0 y=9-n y=3-(x-2)-n
(0 9-n)
f(x)=t y=f(x)
y=t x 1 6 2 3 4 4 5 3
y=|2x+3-3| y 6 12 7 8 9 2 10
(0 5) y=f(x)

y
AB
9-n

y=f(x) C B

;5Ò;

;6Ò;
x A

y=-n AB

9-n>0 ;5Ò;+;6Ò;=;3!0!; p

r (r>0) AB
n<9
;;£5£;; p
n 1 2 3
y 8 8 ;2!;_rÛ`_;3!0!; p=;;£5£;; p
8 rÛ`=36
r=6
6

A B AB lÁ lª l£
AB 3 A= B=3

lÁ=lª=;2#;_p=;2#; p

A B AB

;;Á3¢;; p

lÁ+lª+l£=;2#; p+;2#; p+l£=;;Á3¢;; p

l£=;3%; p

AB S

S=;2!;_3_;3%; p=;2%; p

16
 `h=;5#;>0 h 1 2 f(x)=a` `2x+b y=f(x)

{; Ò; 0}
h 1
f {; Ò;}=a` `;3@; p+b
`h>0 `h>0 `h+ `h>0
h 2 =-'3 a+b=0
`h<0 `h<0 `h+ `h<0 b='3 a
`h+ `h<0 h 2 y=f(x) {; Ò; 3}
2
`h=-"Ã1- Û``h^=-¾Ð1-{;5#;} =-;5$; f {; Ò;}=a` `p+b

;5#; =a_0+b
`h
`h= = =-;4#; =b=3
`h -;5$;

b 3
a= = ='3
`h- `h=-;5$;-{-;4#;}=-;2Á0; '3 '3

aÛ`+bÛ`=('3 )Û`+3Û`=12
12
'2
`h- `h=
2
( Û``h+ Û``h)-2` `h` `h=;2!;
`(p-h)=;5#; `h=;5#;
1-2` `h` `h=;2!;
`h>0 `h<0 h 2
`h` `h=;4!;
`h=-"Ã1- Û``h^
2
1 `h `h =-¾Ð1-{;5#;}
`h+ = +
`h `h `h
Û``h+ Û``h =-;5$;
=
`h` `h
1
=
;4!; `{;2#; p+h}= `[p+{; Ò;+h}]

=4
=- `{; Ò;+h}
4
=- `h

=-{-;5$;}
b>0 y=a` `bx+ab p
2p =;5$;
=p b=2
b
y=a` `2x+2a 3 a>0
|a|+2a=a+2a=3a=3
a=1

a+b=1+2=3 xÛ`+2x` `{; Ò;+h}+ `(p+h)=0

3 a b

17
 a+b=-2` `{; Ò;+h} '2
`x- >0
2
`{; Ò;+h} '2
=-2_ `x>
2
`{; Ò;+h}
y= `x (0Éx<2p)
`h '2
=-2_ y= x
- `h 2
2
= ; Ò;<x<;4#; p
`h
ab= `(p+h)= `h y
y= x
(4a-1)(4b-1)=1 2
y=;;2;;
16ab-4a-4b+1=1 2
;;2;; p
4ab=a+b p x
;4Ò'; ;4#;p
2
4` `h=
`h

Û``h=;2!; a=; Ò; b=;4#; p

b-a=;4#; p-; Ò;=; Ò;

x 2xÛ`+(2` `h)x+ `h` `h=0

D
D=0
D
= Û``h-2` `h` `h= `h( `h-2` `h)=0
4
0<h<; Ò; `h+0 `h+0

`h=2` `h
1
1 4 2 3 4 5
`h 6 7 8 9
`h
=
`h
2` `h
=
`h
400 =ap 320 =bp
=2
400 +320 =ap+bp
2 (a+b)p=720
720
a+b= _1
p
'2 720 p
Û``x+{2+ }` `x>1+'2 = _
2 p 180
'2 =4
(1- Û``x)+{2+ }` `x>1+'2
2 4
'2
Û``x-{2+ }` `x+'2<0
2
400 400 p
'2 a= _1 = _ =;;ª9¼;;
p p 180
( `x-2){ `x- }<0
2 320 320 p
b= _1 = _ =;;Á9¤;;
0Éx<2p `x-2<0 p p 180

18
 AB ; Ò; `h+ `h=;3!;

4 AC ( Û``h+ Û``h)+2` `h` `h=;9!;

A
`; Ò;=
C 1+2` `h` `h=;9!;
A 4
C= = =8 `h` `h=-;9$;
`; Ò; ;2!;

AB CD AD BC
Ý``h+ Ý``h
=( Û``h+ Û``h)Û`-2( `h` `h)Û`
S S DC AB 2
=1Û`-2_{-;9$;}

=;8$1(;
S=;2!;_ C Û`_; Ò;-;2!;_ A Û`_; Ò;

=;2!;_8Û`_; Ò;-;2!;_4Û`_; Ò;

=8p
`;6Ò;=;2!;

`;3@; p= `{p-; Ò;}=- `; Ò;=-;2!;

1 '3
`;6&; p= `{p+;6Ò;}= `;6Ò;= =
'3 3

B `;6Ò;_ `;3@; p_ `;6&; p

'3
=;2!;_{-;2!;}_
; ; 3
; ;
A '3
=-
12
AB h AB l
AB 6
l=6h
AB 24 f(x)=3` `(p+2x)-1=3` `2x-1
A+ B+µAB=24
6+6+6h=24
f {; Ò;}=3` `; Ò;-1=3_1-1=2 ( )
h=2
AB f(x)=3` `2x-1 ; Ò; ( )
AB A= B y=f(x) y=3` `2x
h y -1
A = B =;2!;_( A B)=
2
y y=f(x)
A
h
A = A` ` =6` `1
2 ;4Ò'; ; Ò';

;4Ò'; x
AB=2A =2_6` `1=12` `1

19
 y=3` `2x y=;2!; x x=;6Ò;
y=f(x) (0 -1)
x=;6%; p
( )
y

y=;2!;
;2!; p
p x
; Ò'; ; ;p
`{; Ò;-; Ò;}= `; Ò;
y= x
`{p-; Ò;}= `; Ò;
x
`{; Ò;-; Ò;}= `; Ò; ;6Ò;_;6%; p=;3°6; pÛ`

`{p-; Ò;}=- `; Ò;

2 f(x)=2` Û``x+ `x-1

[ `{; Ò;-; Ò;}+ `{p-; Ò;}] =2(1- Û``x)+ `x-1
2
=-2` Û``x+ `x+1
+[ `{; Ò;-; Ò;}+ `{p-; Ò;}]
`x=t -1ÉtÉ1
2 2
={ `; Ò;+ `; Ò;} +{ `; Ò;- `; Ò;} f(x)=-2tÛ`+t+1
2

={ Û``; Ò;+2` `; Ò;` `; Ò;+ Û``; Ò;} =-2{t-;4!;} +;8(; (-1ÉtÉ1)

2

+{ Û``; Ò;-2` `; Ò;` `; Ò;+ Û``; Ò;} g(t)=-2{t-;4!;} +;8(; (-1ÉtÉ1)

=2{ Û``; Ò;+ Û``; Ò;} g(t) t=;4!; ;8(;

=2_1 t=-1 -2
y
=2 ; ';
y=g(t)

;4'; t
ª` `x+ ª`(6` `x-1)=0 yy`

`x>0 6` `x-1>0

`x>;6!;
M=;8(; m=-2

ª` `x(6` `x-1)=0 M-m=;8(;-(-2)=;;ª8°;;

`x(6` `x-1)=1
6` Û``x- `x-1=0
(2` `x-1)(3` `x+1)=0

`x>;6!; 3` `x+1>;2#; 2
2` `x=1
1 2 3 4 5
`x=;2!; 6 7 8 9 10 30

0Éx<2 p `x=;2!; y= `x 11 8 12

20
n 10Én<100 ACB S
50 p+h
; Ò;< pÉ5p S=;2!;_AB Û`_
n 2
50 h 2 p+h
p 2 =;2!;_{2` ` } _
n 2 2
50 50 h
; Ò;< p<p ;2%; p< p<3p =(p+h)` Û``
n n 2
50 S=;4#;(p+h)
;2(; p< p<5p
n
h
(p+h)` Û`` =;4#;(p+h)
2
50
; Ò;< p<p 50<n<100 h
n Û`` =;4#;
2
n 51 52 53 y 99 49
h h
50 ; Ò;<h<p ; Ò;< <; Ò; ` >0
;2%; p< p<3p ;;°3¼;;<n<20 2 2
n
h '3
n 17 18 19 3 ` =
2 2
50 100 h
;2(; p< p<5p 10<n< =; Ò;
n 9 2
n 11 1
h=;3@; p
n
49+3+1=53

`h` `h= `;3@; p` `;3@; p

'3
= _{-;2!;}
2
'3
=-
4
; ;
B
;p; ; h;
C
A
y
l
AB A
AB B A l
h y=1
C h
AB h
h
h x
A =;2!;_( A B)= A =; Ò;
2
A C(0 1) l l x
h h 2h
A = A` `
2
AC=h BC=2h
h
=1_ ` B A= AB=h AB B=AB
2
h
= `
2 AB S
h
AC=AB=2A =2` ` S=;2!;_AB_ C=;2!;_AB_1=;2!; AB
2
S=1
BAC= A + A
;2!; AB=1
h p+h
=; Ò;+ =
2 2 AB= B=2

21
 BC x+ny-n=0 (n 0)
C x+ny-n=0 y= `; Ò; x 1
`2h= =;2!;
B
3 8<nÉ12
0<h<; Ò; 0<2h<; Ò; `2h=;2!;
n 9 10 11 12
2h=;6Ò;
9+10+11+12=42
p
h=
12

p
`6h= `{6_ }= `; Ò;=1
12

;6Ò;<x<;6&; p |`f(x)|=4

y=|`f(x)| y=4 x
p
n f(x)= ` x a
n
2p =2n 2 a-;6Ò;=2{;6&; p-a}
p
n a=;6%; p
x f(x+20)=f(x)
f(x)
f(x) 20
2n 20 n a-;6Ò;=;6%; p-;6Ò;=;3@; p
1 2 5 10 2p
f(x)=a` `bx+c
n |b|
2p
1+2+5+10=18 =;3@; p
|b|
|b|=3
|`f(0)|=1 |c|=1 c=-1 c=1
Ú c=-1
y
y= `; Ò; x p =4 y=f(x)
p
4 ;6Ò; ; ;p
x
y= `; Ò; x ; ;p

y= ; Ò;x
y

f(x)=a` `bx-1 2
x+12y-12=0
|a|-1=2 |a|=3
x y=f(x) y=-3` `3x
x+8y-8=0
y -1
f(x)=-3` `3x-1
x+ny-n=0 |a|=|b|=3 -3` `3x=3` `(-3x)
x+n(y-1)=0
x+ny-n=0 n a=-3 b=3 a=3 b=-3
(0 1) a+b=0 a+b+c -1

22
Û c=1 2p =6
f(x)= `; Ò;x
y p
3
y=f(x)
2p
g(x)= `;3%; px =;5^;
; ;p ;3%; p

;6Ò; x x
; ;p

f(-x)= `{-; Ò; x}
f(x)=a` `bx+1 4
=- `; Ò; x
|a|+1=4 |a|=3
y=f(x) y=3` `3x =-f(x)

y 1 g(-x)= `{-;3%; px}

f(x)=3` `3x+1
=- `;3%; px
|a|=|b|=3 3` `3x=-3` `(-3x)
=-g(x)
a=b=3 a=b=-3 y=f(x) y=g(x)
a+b+c 3+3+1=7
-3+(-3)+1=-5 -3<xÉ3 y=f(x) y=g(x)
Ú Û a+b+c M=7
m=-5 y
y= ; Ò;x
M-m=7-(-5)=12
-; #;
; ; ; ;
x
; #; ; #;
;; ;;
y= ; ;px
-1É `b(x+p)É1 a c
-3<xÉ3 y=f(x) y=g(x)
f(x)=a` `b(x+p)+c
8
a+c -a+c
n=8
8 x xÁ xª x£ y x¥
a+c=7 yy`
-a+c=-3 yy`
-3<xÁ<xª=-;2#;<x£<x¢=0<x°

a=5 c=2 <x¤=;2#;<x¦<x¥=3

f(x)=5` `b(x+p)+2
y=f(x) y=g(x)
3b
f {; Ò;}=5` ` p+2=2
2
3b xÁ=-x¦ xª=-x¤=-;2#; x£=-x°
` p=0 yy`
2
3b 8 x S
b ` p=-1
2 S=(xÁ+x¦)+(xª+x¤)+(x£+x°)+x¢+x¥
3b 3b =0+0+0+0+3
` p=1 b ` p=0
2 2
=3
b 2
a+b+c a=5 b=2 c=2 9
n_S=8_3=24

23
 y y=2 px n+2
| `{; Ò;+h}|=| `{ p-h}| h
3
m A A y=m
A h ;3@; p+h
1 3 n
a 2 x | `(p+h)|=| p-h}| `{
3
;2#; | `(p+h)|=|- `h|=| `h|
-m
y=-m
n
B B B | `h|=| `{ p-h}| yy`
3
2p m
y=2` `px =2
p
Ú n=3m-2
A A£Ó=2
n 3m-2
| `{ p-h}|=| `{ p-h}|
y=2` `px {;2#; 0} 3 3

y=m y=-m x =| `[mp-{h+;3@; p}]|

A B£ Aª Bª A£ B =| `{h+;3@; p}|
{;2#; 0}

A AªÓ=BªB£Ó | `h|=| `{h+;3@; p}|

AªA£Ó+BªB£Ó=AªA£Ó+A AªÓ
h
=A A£Ó
Û n=3m-1
=2
n 3m-1
AªBªB£A£ 2'3 | `{ p-h}|=| `{ p-h}|
3 3
;2!;_(AªA£Ó+BªB£Ó )_2m=;2!;_2_2m =| `[mp-{h+; Ò;}]|
=2m
=| `{h+; Ò;}|
=2'3
m='3
| `h|=| `{h+; Ò;}|
A x a {0<a<;2!;}
h
2` `ap='3
Ü n=3m
'3
`ap= n 3m
2 | `{ p-h}|=| `{ p-h}|
3 3
0<ap<; Ò; =| `(mp-h)|
ap=;6Ò; =| `h|
h
a=;6!; Ú Û Ü h
AªB Bª S n=3m n 3
n 12 15 18 y 99
B BªÓ=2a=2_;6!;=;3!;
30
S=;2!;_B BªÓ_2m 30

=;2!;_;3!;_2'3 f(x)= `2x g(x)=p` `x

( f½g)(x)=f(g(x))
'3
= =f(p` `x)
3
= `(2p` `x)

24
 ( f½g)(x)=0 y
y= h
`(2p` `x)=0 yy`
;2!;
np<x<(n+1)p p
-1< `x<1 ; Ò'; ; ;p p h
-2p<2p` `x<2p
2p` `x=-p 2p` `x=0 2p` `x=p
a=;6Ò; b=;6%; p
`x=-;2!; `x=0 `x=;2!;
3(b-a)=3{;6%; p-;6Ò;}=2p
np<x<(n+1)p `x=-;2!;

`x=0 `x=;2!;

`x=0 x={n+;2!;} p
3
`x=-;2!; `x=;2!; a b
1 2 3 7 4
a+b
={n+;2!;}p
2
a>0 f(x)=a` `; Ò;x+a x=0
a+b=2{n+;2!;}p
x=4 f(0)=f(4)=2a x=2
np<x<(n+1)p ( f½g)(x)=0
f(2)=0
{n+;2!;}p a b ;;°2Á;; p y=f(x)
y
{n+;2!;}p+a+b={n+;2!;}p+2{n+;2!;}p SÁ S¢
2a
y=2a
=3{n+;2!;}p=;;°2Á;; p
a y=f(x)
n=8
8 x
Sª S£
y=f(x) (0ÉxÉ1) x=1
y=2a SÁ y=f(x)
x=1 x Sª
y=f(x) x=3 x
x S£ y=f(x) (3ÉxÉ4)
xÛ`+(2` `h)x- Û``h+2` `h¾0 x=3 y=2a S¢
(0 2a) (2 0) (1 a)
xÛ`+(2` `h)x- Û``h+2` `h=0 D y=f(x) (0ÉxÉ2) (1 a)
D É0 S Á=Sª
D y=f(x) x=2
= `Û `h-(- Û``h+2` `h)
4 S Á=S¢ Sª=S£
=( `Û `h+ Û``h)-2` `h S Á=Sª=S£=S¢ y=f(x)
=1-2` `hÉ0 y=2a (1 0) (3 0)
`h¾;2!; (3 2a) (1 2a)
8
0Éh<2p ;6Ò;ÉhÉ;6%; p
2_2a=8 a=2

25
 S Á=Sª y=f(x) x y k-1
S (0 0) (1 0) f(x) 0
(1 2a) (0 2a) k-1=0 k=1 f(x) M

M=k+;4%;=1+;4%;=;4(;
S=1_2a=4
a+S=2+4=6 0ÉxÉ;2%; p -;5#; pÉx-;5#; pÉ;1!0(; p

f(x) x=a {0ÉaÉ;2%; p}

S
`{a-;5#; p}=;2!;
y
2a y=2a a-;5#; p=;6Ò; a-;5#; p=;6%; p

a y=f(x) a=;3@0#; p a=;3$0#; p

x f(x) x=b {0ÉbÉ;2%; p}

S y=f(x) (0ÉxÉ2) `{b-;5#; p}=-1

x=2 y=2a
b-;5#; p=-; Ò; b-;5#; p=;2#; p
y=f(x) y=2a
p
;2!; b= b=;1@0!; p
10
a
S=;2!;_8=4 a=;3@0#; p b=;1@0!; p
b

;3@0#; p
a k 1
+ ¾ + =;6@3#;+;9$;=;2!1&;
b M ;1@0!; p ;4(;

Û``{;1!0;! p-x}= Û``[; Ò;-{x-;5#; p}] ;2!1&;

= Û``{x-;5#; p}

=1- Û``{x-;5#; p}

a b 0<x<2p
f(x)= Û``{;1!0!; p-x}+ `{x-;5#; p}+k
y=a` `x+b x=; Ò; a+b
=[1- Û``{x-;5#; p}]+ `{x-;5#; p}+k
x=;2#; p -a+b
=- Û``{x-;5#; p}+ `{x-;5#; p}+k+1 b p+q+r=3 10
a b (a b)
0ÉxÉ;2%; p -1É `{x-;5#; p}É1
Ú b=1
`{x-;5#; p}=t (-1ÉtÉ1) y

2
y=5
f(x)=-tÛ`+t+k+1=-{t-;2!;} +k+;4%; a+1
y=3

f(x) t=;2!; `{x-;5#; p}=;2!; y=1

p p x
k+;4%; t=-1 `{x-;5#; p}=-1 y=a x

26
 p=1 q=2 r=0 a+b=a+1=4 ß 6Éb<10
a=3 y
a+b
(a b) (3 1) y=a x b
Û b=2 b

y y=5
y=5 y=3
y= x
y=3 y=1
y=1 p p x
p p x
p=0 q=1 r=2 -a+b=3
y a=b-3 (a b) (3 6)
y=5 (4 7) (5 8) (6 9)
y=2 x
y=3 Ú ß (a b)
(3 1) (2 3) (3 5) (3 6) (4 7) (5 8) (6 9)
y=1
7
p p x
7
a=1 p=1 q=1 r=0
a¾2 p=2 q=2 r¾0
p+q+r=3 a
Ü b=3 2p =4
y= `; Ò;x 0ÉxÉ4
p
y
y=a x 2
y=5
y=f(x) 1
y=3 y

y=1 y=f(x)
p p x
x
p=q=r=1 a+b=a+3=5 a=2
(a b) (2 3)
Ý b=4 1
 Û b=2 a x f(-x)=f(x) y=f(x)
y -4ÉxÉ4
Þ b=5 y=f(x) 2
y y
a+5 y=f(x)
y=a x

y=5 x

y=3
-a+5
y=1
2
p p x
x f(x+8)=f(x)
p=0 q=2 r=1 -a+b=-a+5=2 y=f(x) y=f(x) x
a=3 2 y=f(x-2)
(a b) (3 5) 3

27
 y
y=f(x)

y 1 6 2 5 3 19 4 2 5 11
y=f(x-2) 6 7

x
ABC p
A+B+C=p
3 A+B=p-C
|`f(x)+ f(x-2)|=2
`(A+B)=;3!;
f(x)+ f(x-2)=-2 f(x)+f(x-2)=2
x -1É f(x)É1 `(A+B)= `(p-C)= `C=;3!;
f(x)= f(x-2)=-1 f(x)= f(x-2)=1
ABC R

Ú f(x)=f(x-2)=-1
AB
0ÉxÉ8 f(x)=f(x-2)=-1 =2R
`C
y=f(x) y=f(x-2) y=-1
x 5 AB 4
R= = =6
f(x) f(x-2) 8 2` `C 2_;3!;
0<x<20 f(x)=f(x-2)=-1 x
6
5 13
Û f(x)=f(x-2)=1
0ÉxÉ8 f(x)=f(x-2)=1
y=f(x) y=f(x-2) y=1
ABC R (R>0)
x 1
f(x) f(x-2) 8
pR Û`=9p
0<x<20 f(x)=f(x-2)=1 x
R Û`=9
1 9 17
R>0 R=3
Ú Û 0<x<20
AB=c BC=a CA=b
|`f(x)+f(x-2)|=2 1 5 9 13 17
a+b+c=10
ABC 3
1+5+9+13+17=45

a b c
= = =2_3=6
`A `B `C

a b c
`A= `B= `C=
6 6 6

a+b+c
3( `A+ `B+ `C)=3_ =3_;;Á6¼;;=5
6
5

28
 AB B=;3@; p `B=-;2!;
AB=B =a (a>0)
CA Û`=AB Û`+BC Û`-2_AB_BC_ `B
A =AEAB Û`+B Û`F="ÃaÛ`+aÛ`^='2 a
Û Û
AB `+BC `-CA `Û
`B=
BC 2_AB_BC
C =B =a nÛ`+(n+2)Û`-(n+4)Û`
=
BC=B +C =a+a=2a 2_n_(n+2)
ABC (n+2)(n-6)
=
2n(n+2)
AC=AEAB Û`+BC Û`F="ÃaÛ`+(2a)Û`^='5 a
n-6
A C ==-;2!;
2n
C Û`=AC Û`+A Û`-2_AC_A _ `( CA ) n-6=-n
aÛ`=('5 a)Û`+('2 a)Û`-2_'5 a_'2 a_ `( CA ) n=3
('5a)Û`+('2a)Û`-aÛ` AB=3 BC=5 CA=7
`( CA )=
2_'5a_'2a
6aÛ` 3
= = AB Û`+CA Û`-BC Û`
2'1Œ0aÛ` '1Œ0 14` `A=14_
2_AB_CA
Û``( CA )=;1»0; 3Û`+7Û`-5Û`
=14_
2_3_7
p=10 q=9
=11
p+q=10+9=19
11
19

n n+2 n+4

n+(n+2)>n+4 n>2

CA Û`+AB Û`=BC Û`+4 CA

`A` `B` `C=0
BC Û`=AB Û`+CA Û`-4 CA yy` `A=0 `B=0 `C=0
ABC ABC
BC Û`=AB `+CA
Û Û`-2_AB_CA_ `A yy` ( `A- `B)( `B- `C)( `C- `A)=0

-4CA=-2_AB_CA_ `A `A= `B `B= `C `C= `A

AB` `A=2 ABC
BC Û`+CA Û`=AB Û`+8 CA
AB Û`=BC Û`+CA Û`-8 CA yy` ABC ABC
ABC
AB `=BC Û`+CA Û`-2_BC_CA_
Û `C yy` ABC R
AB=c BC=a CA=b
-8 CA=-2_BC_CA_ `C a b c
= = =2R
`A `B `C
BC` `C=4
a b c
`A= `B= `C=
2R 2R 2R
BC` `C `A=k( `B- `C)
=;2$;=2
AB` `A a b c
=k{ - }
2 2R 2R 2R

29
 a=k(b-c) yy` 1
ABC
1 2 3 4 5
a : b : c=1 : 1 : '2 a : b : c=1 : '2 : 1 6 7 8
a : b : c='2 : 1 : 1
k
ABC R
a : b : c=1 : '2 : 1 a=c b='2a

AB
a=k('2 a-a) =2R
`C
a 1
k= = ='2+1 AB 2
('2-1)a '2-1 R= = =3
2` `C 2_;3!;

A
C
3'3
ABC B
2
;2!;_AB_AC_ `( BAC)
AB
=;2!;_2_3_ `( BAC) AB
3'3 A =B =;2!; AB
=
2
'3 =;2!;_2=1
`( BAC)=
2
A=3 A
BAC>; Ò; BAC=;3@; p
=AE A Û`-A Û`F
BAC BC P ="Ã3Û`-1Û`^
PAB= PAC=;2!;( BAC) =2'2
AB S
=;2!;_;3@; p 
S=;2!;_AB_
=; Ò;
=;2!;_2_2'2
ABC PAB PAC
=2'2

;2!;_AB_AP_ `; Ò;+;2!;_AP_AC_ `; Ò;

'3 '3 ABC

=;2!;_2_AP_ +;2!;_AP_3_
2 2 AC=AEAB Û`+BC Û`F=Á°('2 )Û`+2Û`¤ ='6
5'3
=AP_
4
AB '2 '3
3'3 `C= = =
= AC '6 3
2
BC

3'3 4 B =C =;2!; BC
AP= _ =;5^;
2 5'3
=;2!;_2=1

30
 AB ABD=; Ò; ABD
A =AEAB Û`+B Û`F=Á°('2 )Û`+1Û`¤ ='3
AD Û`=AB Û`+BD Û`-2_AB_BD_ `; Ò;
A C R
=6Û`+4Û`-2_6_4_;2!;=28
A AD=2'7
=2R
`C
A '3 DC =; Ò; DC
R= = =;2#;
2` `C '3
2_
3
D Û`=CD Û`+C Û`-2_CD_C _ `; ;Ò
A C
2
p_{;2#;} =;4(; p =2Û`+3Û`-2_2_3_;2!;=7

D ='7

AD_D =2'7_'7=14

AD D

B C ABD CD
AB : C=BD : CD=2 : 1
ABC
BC `=AB Û`+CA Û`-2_AB_CA_
Û `A ABD= CD=; Ò;
CA=x (x>0) ABD CD 2:1
6Û`=4Û`+xÛ`-2_4_x_;8!;

xÛ`-x-20=0
(x+4)(x-5)=0 D =;2!; AD=;2!;_2'7='7
x>0 x=5 CA=5

AB Û`+BC Û`-CA Û`
`B=
2_AB_BC
4Û`+6Û`-5Û` xÛ`+yÛ`=3 y=1 x
=
2_4_6
xÛ`+1=3 xÛ`=2
=;1»6; x=Ñ'2
A('2 1) B(-'2 1)
A= B='3 AB='2-(-'2)=2'2
A B
Û
AB `= A Û`+ B Û`-2_ A_ B_ `( A B)
D 6 BC 2:1
Û
A `+ B Û`-AB Û`
`( A B)=
BD=;3@; BC=;3@;_6=4 2_ A_ B
('3)Û`+('3)Û`-(2'2)Û`
CD=BC-BD=6-4=2 =
2_'3_'3
AC
A =C =3 =-;3!;

31
 ABC 5'3
`( A B)=Á°1- Û``( A B)¤ ;2!;_AB_AC_ `A=;2!;_4_5_ `A=5'3
2
=¾Ð1-{-;3!;} '3
`A=
2
2'2
= ABC A=; Ò;
3
C

xÛ`+yÛ`=3 y=1 x
xÛ`+1=3
;3Ò;
xÛ`=2
x=Ñ'2 A B
A('2 1) B(-'2 1)
ABC
AB='2-(-'2 )=2'2 A B
S BC Û`=AB Û`+AC Û`-2_AB_AC_ `; Ò;

S=;2!;_2'2_1='2 yy` =4Û`+5Û`-2_4_5_;2!;

A= B='3 =21
S=;2!;_ A_ B_ `( A B) BC='2Œ1
ABC 5'3
=;2!;_'3_'3_ `( A B)
;2!;_BC_A =;2!;_'2Œ1_A =5'3
=;2#;` `( A B) yy` 10'3 10'7
A = =
'2Œ1 7

;2#;` `( A B)='2 10'7 2

100
A Û`={ }=
7 7
2'2
`( A B)=
3

ABC R

ABD ADB=h ABCD

AB
DBC=h =2R
`C
ABD
AB 3
R= = ='3
AD Û`+BD Û`-AB Û` 2` `C 2` `; Ò;
`h=
2_AD_BD
A=p-( B+ C)
2Û`+4Û`-3Û`
= =;1!6!;
2_2_4 =p-{; Ò;+; Ò;}
BCD
CD Û`=BC `+BD
Û Û`-2_BC_BD_ `h =;1°2;p

=4Û`+4Û`-2_4_4_;1!6!;=10 ABC

CD='1Œ0
B C=2_( A)=2_;1°2; p=;6%; p

32
 A A = A+ =3+2h AB

; ;p
AB Û`=B Û`+A Û`
B C 4(9-hÛ`)=(9-4hÛ`)+(3+2h)Û`
; ;p 2hÛ`+6h-9=0
-3Ñ3'3
BC S h=
2
S=;2!;_ B_ C_ `;6%;p h>0
-3+3'3
h=
=;2!;_'3_'3_;2!; 2

=;4#;
BC Û`=(2B )Û`
=4(9-4hÛ`)
-3+3'3 2
=4[9-4_{ }]
2
=36(2'3-3)
ABC
BC
2 `A
=2_3

BC
1 2 3 4 5 `A=
6
6 7 8 9
BC Û`
Û``A= =2'3-3
36
A

ABC
B C
BC CA
= =2R
ABC 3 `A `B
A= B= C=3
D ABC BC=2R` `A
AB BC CA CA=2R` `B
AB=2AD BC=2B AC=2A BC_CA 2R` `A_2R` `B
=
D: =1 : 1 ABC AB=AC R Û` R Û`
A =4` `A` `B
D: : =1 : 2 : 1 2'1Œ0
`A+ `B=
5
D= =h =2h (h>0)
AD Û``A+ Û``B+2` `A` `B=;5*; yy`

AD Û`= A Û`- D Û`=9-hÛ` `A= `B

AB Û`=(2AD)Û`=4(9-hÛ`) Û``B+ Û``B+2` `A` `B=;5*;
B
B Û`= B Û`- Û`=9-4hÛ` 1+2` `A` `B=;5*;

33
 `A` `B=;1£0; 3 '2
=
`( CP ) 1
'1Œ7
BC_CA 3
=4` `A` `B `( CP )=
R Û` '3Œ4
=4_;1£0;
3 1
=;5^; `( CP )_ `( CP)= _
'3Œ4 '1Œ7
3'2
=
34

AB=3 BC=4 CA=5 CA Û`=AB Û`+BC Û`

ABC B=; Ò;
`A= `C A=C
ABC A=p-C A=p-C A+C=p
r (r>0) ABC B=0 ABC
AC A=C
P= = =r A=C `A+2` `B=3` `C
A

`A+2` `B=3` `A
`A= `B
P A=B
B C ABC

ABC A=B=C=; Ò;
r ABC a (a>0)
_(AB+BC+CA)=;2!;_AB_BC
2
12
'3
r aÛ`=12
_(3+4+5)=;2!;_3_4 4
2
aÛ`=16'3
r=1
ABC R
PB
PB=B =r=1
a
PB =2R
`A
P =AEPB Û`+B Û`F="Ã1Û`+1Û`^='2 a '3
R= = a
B P=; Ò; 2` `; Ò; 3

PBC ABC S
S=pR Û`
PC=AEPB Û`+BC Û`F="Ã1Û`+4Û`^='1Œ7
'3 2
C =BC-B =4-1=3 =p_{ a}
3
PB 1
`( CP)= `( BCP)= = =; Ò; aÛ`
PC '1Œ7
P C 16'3
= p
C P 3
=
`( CP ) `( CP)

34
 2 P
A= B= C=2 h
AB A B=h C
AB 4
2h=4 h=2

;2Ò;
P P =2a (a>0)
C
P
A B P = = =a
P =AEP Û`+ Û`F
AB AB
AB =Á°(2a)Û`+aÛ`¤
='5 a
=AE Û`+ Û`F
A = B =;2!;_( A B)=1
="ÃaÛ`+aÛ`^
A
='2 a
A
`1= P P =h
A
A = A` `1=2` `1 a '5
`h= = =
P '5a 5
AB=2A =4` `1
P 50p
AB C AB
'5Œ0=5'2
A C= A +; Ò;=; Ò;+1 P

B C=; Ò;- B =; Ò;-1 =10'2

`h
AC =10'2` `h
AC Û`= A Û`+ C Û`-2_ A_ C_ `{; Ò;+1} '5
'2 a=10'2_
5
=2Û`+2Û`+2_2_2_ `1 a=2'5
=8(1+ `1)
BC '5
=P ` `h=2'5_ =2
5
BC Û`= B Û`+ C Û`-2_ B_ C_ `{; Ò;-1}

=2Û`+2Û`-2_2_2_ `1
=8(1- `1)

AB Û` (4` `1)Û` ABD= ACD=; Ò;

=
AC Û`_BC Û` 8(1+ `1)_8(1- `1)
AC BD AB
Û``1
=
4(1- Û``1)
A B=p-( CAB+ ABD)
Û``1
=
4` Û``1 =p-{;6Ò;+; Ò;}
=;4!;` Û``1
=; Ò;

AC BD

35
 O BC
D =2R
`( CAB)
BC
R=
;3Ò; C
2` `( CAB)
;6Ò; '1Œ3
=
2` `;6Ò;
A B
AB=2 AB '1Œ3
=
2_;2!;
B =AB` `;6Ò;
='1Œ3
=2_;2!; O
=1 p_R Û`=p_('1Œ3)Û`=13p

A =AB` `;6Ò;

'3
=2_ 4a+(aÛ`+1)'3 21'3
2 B =1 A ='3 =
2 2
='3
C =a (a>0)
C =a (a>0) CD
AC=A +C ='3+a
CD D =C ` `; Ò;='3 a

C AC=A +C ='3+a
CD= =2a
`; Ò; BD=B +D =1+'3 a
ABCD S S ABC `( A B)= `; Ò;=1 ABCD
ACD 21'3
S=;2!;_AB_AC_ `;6Ò;+;2!;_AC_CD_ `; Ò; 2

'3 ;2!;_AC_BD_ `( A B)
=;2!;_2_('3+a)_;2!;+;2!;_('3+a)_2a_
2
=;2!;_('3+a)_(1+'3 a)_1
4a+(aÛ`+1)'3
=
2 4a+(aÛ`+1)'3
=
21'3 2
S=
2 21'3
=
4a+(aÛ`+1)'3 21'3 2
=
2 2
'3 aÛ`+4a-20'3 =0
('3 a+10)(a-2'3 )=0
'3 a+10>0 ABC
a=2'3 AC=AEAB Û`+BC Û`F="Ã3Û`+4Û`^=5
C =2'3
BC AB
`A= =;5#;
BC=AEB Û`+C Û`F AC
BC
=Á°1Û`+(2'3 )Û`¤ `A= =;5$;
AC
='1Œ3 AB 1 : m P
O R ABC
AB 3
AP= =
m+1 m+1

36
 CA 1:m `( BDC)= `(p-A)=- `A=;4!;
mAC 5m BD=CD=a (a>0) BDC
A = =
m+1 m+1
3'5
P = AP BC Û`=BD Û`+CD Û`-2_BD_CD_ `( BDC)
2
P Û`=AP Û`+A Û`-2_AP_A _ `A 4Û`=aÛ`+aÛ`-2_a_a_;4!;
3'5 2
3 5m 2 2
{ } ={ } +{ }
2 m+1 m+1 aÛ`=;;£3ª;;
3 5m a>0
-2_ _ _;5#;
m+1 m+1
4'6
25mÛ`-18m+9 a=
;;¢4°;;= 3
(m+1)Û`
4'6
45(m+1)Û`=4(25mÛ`-18m+9) BD=CD=
3
55mÛ`-162m-9=0
(m-3)(55m+3)=0
`( BDC)="Ã1- Û``( BDC)^
55m+3>0 2

m=3 =¾Ð1-{;4!;}

AP=;4#; A =;;Á4°;; AP '1Œ5

=
4
S
BDC S
S=;2!;_AP_A _ `A
S=;2!;_BD_CD_ `( BDC)
=;2!;_;4#;_;;Á4°;;_;5$; 4'6 4'6 '1Œ5
=;2!;_ _ _
3 3 4
=;8(; 4'1Œ5
=
3

ABC
AB Û`+CA Û`-BC Û`
`A=
2_AB_CA
2Û`+3Û`-4Û`
=
2_2_3
=-;4!; 3
A 1 2 3
h h
B C
h P h ABC
AB Û`=BC Û`+CA Û`-2_BC_CA_ `C
2'5
D =(3'2 )Û`+('1Œ0)Û`-2_3'2_'1Œ0_
5
BAD= DAC=h =4
DBC= DCB=h BDC BD=CD
AB=2 ( )

37
 `C="Ã1- Û``C^
2'5 2 BP_CP
=¾Ð1-{ } ='1Œ0 AP Û`
5 `( PAB)_ `( CAP)
'5 ¾'1Œ0 A Û`
=
5 ='1Œ0_('2 )Û`
ABC R
=2'1Œ0
BP_CP
P
AB `( PAB)_ `( CAP)
=2R
`C 2'1Œ0 ( )
AB 2
R= = ='5
2` `C '5
2_
5
ABC
p_('5)Û`=5p ( )
ABC B

CA AB
=
`B `C C
A
CA
`B= ` `C
AB D
'1Œ0 '5
= _
2 5
'2
=
2 A BC
ABP ACP ADC= A C=; Ò; ACD
BP AP
= AC
`( PAB) `B
CP AP A B= A B=; Ò; A B
=
`( CAP) `C
AB
ACD A B
BP_CP A
`( PAB)_ `( CAP)
2'5
AP AP A =
= _ 5
`B `C AB
Û
AP `
= B =AEAB Û`-A Û`F
'2 '5
_ 2'5 2
2 5 =¾Ð2Û`-{ }
5
='1Œ0 AP Û`
4'5
A =
5
AC
C =AEAC Û`-A Û`F
B C
P
2'5 2
A BC =¾Ð(2'2 )Û`-{ }
5
'2 6'5
A =AB` `B=2_ ='2 =
2 5

38
 C
P P C
BC=B +C
P P
4'5 6'5
= + P P
5 5
=2'5 P P
P P
AB CBD
A D B
AB : A =CB : CD
2'5 C AB
2: =2'5 : CD
5 AB
CD=2
ACD
A =;2!; AB=;2!;_2=1
AD=AEAC Û`-CD Û`F
A=3 A
=Á°(2'2 )Û`-2Û`¤
=2 =AE A Û`-A Û`F
ACD AD=CD ="Ã3Û`-1Û`^
ACD= DAC=; Ò; =2'2
C C D (D <C )
BA = DAC=; Ò; A B
C = C+ =3+2'2
AB D = D- =3-2'2
A =B = ='2
'2 2<2'2<3
CDB= C B=; Ò; BCD 5<C <6 0<D <1 yy`
C P AB
CBD= C D BC = BD PAB S
ABC A D S=;2!;_AB_P
AB : BC=A : D
=;2!;_2_P
2 : 2'5='2 : D
D ='1Œ0 =P
PAB P P
C C =; Ò; C =; Ò;
AB
D =; Ò; C =1 ªÓ=2 £Ó=3
¢Ó=4 °Ó=5 ª £ ¢ °
D R
CD i (i=1 2 3 4 5)
C P Pª
D
=2R P£ y P ¼ P P¼ Pª
`( D )
'1Œ0 P» P£ P¥ P¢ P¦ P° P¤
R= ='5
2` `; Ò; C A B C
AP¤Ó=BP°Ó

p_R Û`=5p C 3 P°AB

AP°B=h
AB
=2_3
`h

39
 AB
`h= =;6@;=;3!;
6
P°AB AB=2 5
P°AB 5

;2!;_AP°Ó_BP°Ó_ `h=5 1 2 84 3 152 4 5

10 10 6 7 384 8 242
AP°Ó_BP°Ó= = =30
`h ;3!;

a£+a¤=3 yy`
2 2'2 a¤+a»=17 yy`
`h="Ã1- Û``h^=¾Ð1-{;3!;} =
3
P°AB a»-a£=14
AB Û`=AP°Ó Û`+BP°Ó Û`-2_AP°Ó_BP°Ó_ `h {an} d
AP°Ó Û`+BP°Ó Û`=AB Û`+2_(AP°Ó_BP°Ó)_ `h a»-a£=6d=14
2'2
=2Û`+2_30_
3
d=;;Á6¢;;=;3&;
=4+40'2

(AP°Ó+AP¤Ó)Û`=(AP°Ó+BP°Ó)Û` a£+a¤=(aÁ+2d)+(aÁ+5d)
=AP°Ó Û`+BP°Ó Û`+2_AP°Ó_BP°Ó =2aÁ+7d
=(4+40'2 )+2_30 =2aÁ+;;¢3»;;
=64+40'2
=3

2aÁ=3-;;¢3»;;=-;;¢3¼;;

aÁ=-;;ª3¼;;

an=-;;ª3¼;;+(n-1)_;3&;
7n-27
=
3

7n-27
>100
3

7n>327
327
n> =46+;7%; n
7
47

{an} -3
an=-3n+k (k )

40
 {an} r (r>0)
5aª 5
=
a£+a¢ a£ a¢
aÁ»¾0 aª¼<0 +
aª aª
5
-3_19+k¾0 -3_20+k<0 =
r+rÛ`
=16
57Ék<60
k 16rÛ`+16r-5=0
k=57 k=58 k=59 (4r-1)(4r+5)=0
r>0
aÁ¼=-30+k
r=;4!;

aÁ¼=27 aÁ¼=28 aÁ¼=29

aÁ¼ a£ 1 1 2
= ={ } =4Û`=16
a° rÛ` r
27+28+29=84
84

an=3_('3 )n-1
n-1
{an} =3_3 2

n+1
19(aÁ+aÁ») =3 2
S19=
2
aÁ aÁ» aÁ¼
£`(aÁ_aª_a£_y_aÁ¼)
aÁ+aÁ»=2aÁ¼=2_8=16
= £`(3Ú`_3;2#;_3Û`_y_3;;Á2Á;;)

19_16 = £`3Ú`+ £`3;2#;+ £`3Û`+y+ £`3;;Á2Á;;

S19= =152
2
=1+;2#;+2+y+;;Á2Á;;
152
10{1+;;Á2Á;;}
=
2

{an} =;;¤2°;;
a°+a¤+a¦+a¥+a»+aÁ¼=105
6(a°+aÁ¼)
=3(a°+aÁ¼)
2
=105 {an} r
a°+aÁ¼=35 yy` S°-S¢=12
aÁ=-2 {an} d a°=12
(-2+4d)+(-2+9d)=35 S¥-S¢=180
13d=39 a°+a¤+a¦+a¥=180
d=3 r=1
a°+a¤+a¦+a¥=4_a°=4_12=48
aÁ¼-a°=5d=5_3=15
r+1

41
 a°+a¤+a¦+a¥=
a°(rÝ`-1)
r-1
1
12(r-1)(rÜ`+rÛ`+r+1) 1 2 3 4 5
=
r-1
6 7 8 83 9 10
=180
11 12

rÜ`+rÛ`+r-14=0
(r-2)(rÛ`+3r+7)=0 {an} d
r a¤-a£=3d
r=2 =7-(-2)
=9
aÁ¼=a°_rÞ`=12_2Þ`=384
384 d=3

aÁ¼=a£+7d=-2+7_3=19

aÁ=1 n {an} d
aªn-1>0 aªn<0 aÁ+a£=aÁ+(aÁ+2d)
{an} r (r<0) =2aÁ+2d
S¥+T¥=2aÁ+2a£+2a°+2a¦ =2
=2(1+rÛ`+rÝ`+rß`)
=80 aÁ+d=1 yy`
a°+a¦=(aÁ+4d)+(aÁ+6d)
rß`+rÝ`+rÛ`-39=0 =2aÁ+10d
rÛ`=t =34
tÜ`+tÛ`+t-39=0
(t-3)(tÛ`+4t+13)=0 aÁ+5d=17 yy`
tÛ`+4t+13>0
t=3 aÁ=-3 d=4
rÛ`=3
r<0 an=-3+(n-1)_4
r=-'3 =4n-7

1-(-'3)10 aÁ¼=4_10-7=33
S10=
1-(-'3)
242
=-
1+'3 2a-1 a aÛ`-6
242(1-'3) 2(2a-1)=a+(aÛ`-6)
=-
(1+'3)(1-'3) aÛ`-3a-4=0
=121-121'3 (a+1)(a-4)=0
a>0
p-q=121-(-121)=242 a=4
242

42
 {an} d
a¦-a°=2d=4 3aÁ-aª+3a£=a¢
d=2 3(aÁ+a£)=aª+a¢ yy`
a£=aÁ+2d=aÁ+4=7 {an} r
aÁ=3 aª=aÁr a¢=a£r
{an} 10
10(2_3+9_2) aª+a¢=r(aÁ+a£)
=120
2

3(aÁ+a£)=r(aÁ+a£)

{an} d aÁ+a£=aÁ+aÁrÛ`=2(1+rÛ`)+0

aÁ=58
10(2_58+9d) r=3
S10=
2
=5(116+9d) aª+a£=3aÁ+9aÁ=12aÁ=12_2=24
20(2_58+19d)
Sª¼= {an} r (r+0)
2
=10(116+19d) an=aÁ_rn-1
S10=Sª¼
5(116+9d)=10(116+19d) an+an+1=aÁ_rn-1+aÁ_rn
116+9d=232+38d =aÁrn-1(1+r)=2_3n-1 yy`
29d=-116 n=1
d=-4 aÁ(1+r)=2 yy`
n=2
aÁ¼=58+9_(-4)=22 aÁr(1+r)=6 yy`
Ö
r=3
aÁ=S1=3-2+1=2 r=3
aÁ¼=S10-S» 4aÁ=2
=(3_10Û`-2_10+1)-(3_9Û`-2_9+1)
aÁ=;2!;
=55

aÁ+aÁ¼=2+55=57 a°=;2!;_3Ý`=;;¥2Á;;

p+q=2+81=83
{an} r aÁ=2
83
3aÁ-aª+3a£=a¢
6-2r+6rÛ`=2rÜ` a+3 a-1 4a+6
rÜ`-3rÛ`+r-3=0 (a+3)Û`=(a-1)(4a+6)
(r-3)(rÛ`+1)=0 3aÛ`-4a-15=0
r r=3 (3a+5)(a-3)=0
a>0
aª+a£=2_3+2_3Û`=6+18=24 a=3

43
 {an} r r+1 {an} r
aÁ(rÞ`-1) ;3@;
S°= aÁ¼
r-1 =rß`= =;9!;
a¢ 6
aÁ(r10-1) aÁ(rÞ`-1)(rÞ`+1)
S10= = r>0
r-1 r-1
S10 rÜ`=;3!;
=rÞ`+1
S°
rÞ`+1=10 rÞ`=9 a¢=aÁrÜ`=;3!;aÁ=6

aÁ=18
aÁ¼ a5_rÞ` an=18_rn-1
= =rÞ`=9
a° a°
bn=a£n-2
=18_r3n-3
=18_(rÜ`)n-1
S10 n-1
aÁ=0 {an} 0 =10
S° =18_{;3!;}
aÁ+0
{bn} bÁ=aÁ=18 ;3!;
S10
r=1 =2
S°
r+1 {bn} 5
S10 1
r=0 =1 18{1- }
S° 3Þ` =27{1- 1 }
r+0 a°+0 1-;3!; 3Þ`

=27-;9!;
{an} r 242
=
r+1 9
aÁ(rß`-1)
S¤= =4 yy`
r-1
aÁ(r12-1) aÁ(rß`-1)(rß`+1)
S12= = =32 yy`
r-1 r-1
Ö
rß`+1=8
rß`=7
2
aÁ
_6=4 1 2 3 4 30 5
r-1
aÁ
=;3@;
6 7 8 9 12 10
r-1
11 12

aÁ(r18-1)
S18=
r-1 {an} d (d+0)
aÁ
= _{(rß`)Ü`-1} d>0 aÁ=20<a <aªÁ
r-1
|a |<|aªÁ|
=;3@;_(7Ü`-1)
d<0 aÁ=20>a >aªÁ
=228 |a |=|aªÁ|
a >0 aªÁ<0

44
 a =-aªÁ a£a°+a¢a¤-a£a¤-a¢a°
a +aªÁ=0 =a£(a°-a¤)-a¢(a°-a¤)
aÁ=20 =(a£-a¢)(a°-a¤)
(20+10d)+(20+20d)=40+30d=0 =dÛ`+0

d=-;3$; {an} an
a£a°+a¢a¤+a£a¤+a¢a° ( )
-4n+64
an=20+(n-1)_{-;3$;}= {an} d aª>aÁ
3
-4m+64 d
am= =-16
3
m=28 a°Û`-aÁa»=a°Û`-(a°-4d)(a°+4d)
=a°Û`-a°Û`+16dÛ`=16dÛ`>0

xÜ`-(a+1)xÛ`+(a-2)x+2a=0 a°Û`>aÁa» ( )
(x+1)(x-2)(x-a)=0
-1 2 a
a=-1 a=2
a+-1 a+2
Ú a<-1 n
-1 a 2 bn=aªn-1 cn=aªn
-2=a+2
a=-4 bn=aªn-1
Û -1<a<2 =(-1)Û`n-1{3(2n-1)-1}
a -1 2 =-(6n-4)
2a=-1+2 =-6n+4

a=;2!;
cn=aªn
Ü a>2 =(-1)Û`n(3_2n-1)
2 -1 a =6n-1
4=-1+a {bn} -2 -6
a=5 {cn} 5 6
a

-4+;2!;+5=;2#; aÁ+aª+a£+y+aª¼
=bÁ+cÁ+bª+cª+y+bÁ¼+cÁ¼
=(bÁ+bª+y+bÁ¼)+(cÁ+cª+y+cÁ¼)
10{2_(-2)+9_(-6)} 10(2_5+9_6)
= +
an=-n+2 2 2
aÁ+aª=1+0=1 a£=-1 =5_(-58)+5_64
aÁ+aª>a£ =30
a¢+a°=(-2)+(-3)=-5 a¤=-4 30
a¢+a°<a¤ ( )
{an} d aÁ+aª bn=aªn-1 cn=aªn
d+0 bn=-6n+4 cn=6n-1
bn+cn=3

45
 aÁ+aª+a£+y+aª¼ 2d=-16 d=-8
=(bÁ+cÁ)+(bª+cª)+(b£+c£)+y+(bÁ¼+cÁ¼) 2aÁ+d=112
=3_10 2aÁ=112-d=112+8=120
=30 aÁ=60

aÁ a» a° n{2aÁ+(n-1)d}
Sn=
9(aÁ+a») aÁ+a» 2
S»= =9_ =9a°
2 2 n{2_60+(n-1)_(-8)}
=
S»<0 a°<0 2
aª
aÁ¼ a¤ n(-8n+128)
=
aª+aÁ¼ 2
a¤= >0 =-4n(n-16)
2
{an} a°<0<a¤ nÉ5 S1=S15 Sª=S Á¢ S£=S13 y S¦=S»
an<0 n¾6 an>0 p q
an>0 n 6 (p q)
(1 15) (2 14) (3 13) y (7 9)
7
{an} d (d>0)
bn=(an+2)Û`-(an)Û`
=(an+2-an)(an+2+an)
n
=2d_2an+1
aªn+1=Sªn+1-Sªn=5n-1 yy`
=4d(-1+nd)
aªn=Sªn-Sªn-1=-4n+3 yy`
=4dÛ`n-4d
aª=-1 aÁ=aª aÁ=aª=-1
{bn} 4dÛ`-4d 4dÛ`
aÁ=-1 aªn+1=5n-1
aªn-1=5n-6
{aªn-1} -1 5
10(8dÛ`-8d+36dÛ`)
S10= {aªn} -1 -4
2
=10(22dÛ`-4d)
=1860 Sªn
n{-2+(n-1)_5} n{-2+(n-1)_(-4)}
= +
2 2
11dÛ`-2d-93=0
n(5n-7) n(-4n+2)
(11d+31)(d-3)=0 = +
2 2
d>0
n(n-5)
d=3 =
2
Sªn-1
n{-2+(n-1)_5}
=
{an} d 2
n (n-1){-2+(n-2)_(-4)}
+
2
Sn+2-Sn=an+1+an+2
n(5n-7) (n-1)(-4n+6)
=aÁ+nd+aÁ+(n+1)d = +
2 2
=(2aÁ+d)+2dn nÛ`+3n-6
=
=112-16n 2

46
 Sªn<0 0<n<5
n=1 2 3 4 2pq-8p-7q+20=0 4 2

Sk<0 k 2 4 6 8 2p(q-4)-7(q-4)=8
Sªn-1 S1=-1<0 (2p-7)(q-4)=8 yy`
> -
2
n¾2 nÛ`+3n-6>0 Sªn-1>0 q>2 2
p-
Sk<0 k 1 q-4>-2
Sk<0 k q-4=-1 1 2 4 8 P =
4
1 2 4 6 8 p
1+2+4+6+8=21 2p-7=1 2p-7=-1
q- =
8
2
2p-7=1 q-4=8
2 a b a 2 p=4 q=12
b p+q=4+12=16
aÛ`=2b yy`
a b 12 b
a 12
2b=a+12 yy` a£a¤=aÁrÛ`_aÁrÞ`=a `_rà`>0
a `>0 rà`>0
aÛ`-a-12=0 (a+3)(a-4)=0 r>0 ( )
a>0 a=4
2b=aÛ`=4Û`=16 aª-a£+a¢-a°=aÁr-aÁrÛ`+aÁrÜ`-aÁrÝ`
b=8 =aÁr(1-r)(1+rÛ`)>0 yy`
aÁ>0 r>0 an>0
a+b=4+8=12 1-r>0 r<1
12 a¤ a£
=rÛ` =r
a¢ aª
{an} d 0<r<1 rÛ`<r
(a¢+a°)-(a£+a¢)=a°-a£=2d=8 a¤ a£
<
a¢ aª
aªa¤<a£a¢ ( )
d=4
{an} r
a£+a¢=0
0<r<1 n
(aÁ+2d)+(aÁ+3d)=2aÁ+5d
an+1<an ( )
=2aÁ+5_4
=2aÁ+20
=0
aÁ=-10
an=-10+(n-1)_4=4n-14 {an} r (r>1)
aÁ a£ a£ a° a° a¦
ap=4p-14 + + + + + =10

*
aª aª a¢ a¢ a¤ a¤
ap+2=4(p+2)-14=4p-6
1 1 1
ap+q=4(p+q)-14 +r+ +r+ +r=10
r r r
ap ap+2 ap+q 3rÛ`-10r+3=0
a22 (3r-1)(r-3)=0
(4p-6)Û`=(4p-14)(4p+4q-14) r>1 r=3

tn
[ 6 = 16 16 pq - 56p - 56 P - 56q
+ 16
.(
q -4)(2 - )=
p

196260
=

pq - -nq +☆=
2 p 8
o
16 pq 56
q+
0
64 p 47
-
-
.

( q -47
440 )- 8
p =

4pq - 16 149+
- ( q -
4 n

2
 a¢=aÁ_3Ü`=2 Sn<0 n 2k

aÁ=;2ª7; n 21

;2ª7;(3n-1) Û Sk=M1 Sk+1=Mª Sk-1=M£

Sn=
3-1 M1-Mª=Sk-Sk+1=-ak+1=2
n 10
=;2Á7;(3 -1)>3
ak+1=-2
3n-1>313
Mª-M£=Sk+1-Sk-1=ak+1+ak=1
n¾14
n 14
ak=3
d=-5
aÁ=ak-(k-1)_(-5)=5k-2

n{2(5k-2)+(n-1)_(-5)}
Sn =
2
n(10k-5n+1)
3 =
2
Sn<0
1 48 2 3 449
n>2k+;5!;

Sn<0 n 2k+1
{an} d
a1<0 S1<0 2k+1=21
a1>0 k=10
a2<0 S3=3a2<0
aÁ=5_10-2=48
a1>a2>0 2 k 48
Sk=M1 nÉk an>0 n>k+1
an<0
Ú Sk=M1 Sk-1=Mª Sk+1=M£ ª £
M1-Mª=Sk-Sk-1=ak=2 rÁ=1 r
Mª-M£=Sk-1-Sk+1=-ak-ak+1=1 rª=r r£=rÛ`
ak+1=-3 =20 rÁ<rª<r£ r>1
d=-5

aÁ=ak-(k-1)_(-5) C
=5k-3

n{2(5k-3)+(n-1)_(-5)}
Sn= C
2
n(10k-5n-1) CÁ
=
2 l
Sn<0
£
n>2k-;5!;

48
 £Ó=1+2r+rÛ`
£ =rÛ`-1
£
Û`=(1+2r+rÛ`)Û`-(rÛ`-1)Û`
=(1+2r+rÛ`+rÛ`-1)(1+2r+rÛ`-rÛ`+1)
=(2rÛ`+2r)(2r+2) 1 2 3 4 952 5
=4r(r+1)Û` 6 7 8 515 9 10
= =20
4r(r+1)Û`=400 10 10 10
Á (bn+1)= Á bn+ Á 1
rÜ`+2rÛ`+r-100=0 n=1 n=1 n=1
10
(r-4)(rÛ`+6r+25)=0 = Á bn+1_10
n=1
rÛ`+6r+25>0
10
r=4 = Á bn+10
n=1
C Á Cª C£ =4
p+16p+256p=273p
10
Á bn=-6
n=1

10 10 10
Á (an+bn)= Á an+ Á bn
PÇ n=1 n=1 n=1
AÇ DÇ 10
= Á an-6
n=1
AÇ*Á
DÇ*Á =7

10
Á an=7+6=13
BÇ C n=1
BÇ*Á

AnBnÓ=bn
AnBnPn Bn+1An+1Bn 8 8 8
Á (an+an+2)= Á an+ Á an+2
n=1 n=1 n=1
AnBnÓ : AnPnÓ=3 : 2
8 10
An+1Bn+1Ó : BnBn+1Ó=3 : 2 = Á an+ Á an
n=1 n=3
bn+1 : (bn-bn+1)=3 : 2 10 10
={ Á an-a»-aÁ¼}+{ Á an-aÁ-aª}
2bn+1=3bn-3bn+1 n=1 n=1
10
bn+1=;5#; bn =2 Á an-(aÁ+aª+a»+aÁ¼)
n=1

=2_8-(aÁ+aª+a»+aÁ¼)
{bn} 5 ;5#; =16-(aÁ+aª+a»+aÁ¼)
=10
4
b°=5_{;5#;} =;1¥2Á5;
aÁ+aª+a»+aÁ¼=6
a°=4b°=;1#2@5$;
7 8
Á an+1= Á an
n=2 n=3
p+q=125+324=449 10
= Á an-(aÁ+aª+a»+aÁ¼)
449 n=1

49
 =8-6 9
1
=9+7 Á
=2 n=1 (2n+1)(2n+3)
9
1 1
=9+;2&; Á { - }
n=1 2n+1 2n+3

8 8 8
=9+;2&; [{;3!;-;5!;}+{;5!;-;7!;}+{;7!;-;9!;}+
Á (an+an+2)= Á an+ Á an+2
n=1 n=1 n=1
8 10
 y+{;1Á9;-;2Á1;}]
= Á an+ Á an
n=1 n=3
10 8
=9+;2&; {;3!;-;2Á1;}
= Á an+ Á an
n=1 n=3 =10
8
=8+ Á an
n=3

=10
20
1
Á
8
n=1 'Ä4n+16+'Ä4n-36
Á an=2
n=3
20 'Ä4n+16-'Ä4n-36
=Á
7 8 n=1 ('Ä4n+16+'Ä4n-36)('Ä4n+16-'Ä4n-36)
Á an+1= Á an=2
n=2 n=3 20 'Ä4n+16-'Ä4n-36
=Á
n=1 (4n+1)-(4n-3)
10 10 10
Á (k+2)Û`- Á kÛ`= Á {(k+2)Û`-kÛ`}
20 'Ä4n+16-'Ä4n-36
=Á
k=1 k=1 k=1 n=1 4
10
= Á (4k+4) =;4!;{('5-'1 )+('9-'5 )+('1Œ3-'9 )+
k=1
10 10
=4 Á k+ Á 4  y+('8Œ1-'7Œ7)}
k=1 k=1

10_11 =;4!;(-'1+'8Œ1)
=4_ +4_10
2
=260 =;4!;_8

=2

1 3 {an}
an=1+(n-1)_3=3n-2 {an} n
an+1=an+4
7 7
Á (an)Û`= Á (3n-2)Û` {an} 4
n=1 n=1
7
= Á (9nÛ`-12n+4)
n=1
11 11(2aÁ+10_4)
Á an=
7 7 7 n=1 2
=9 Á nÛ`-12 Á n+ Á 4
n=1 n=1 n=1 =11(aÁ+20)
7_8_15 7_8 =110
=9_ -12_ +4_7
6 2
=952
aÁ=-10
952

aª¼=aÁ+19_4
9
4nÛ`+8n+10
Á =-10+19_4
n=1 4nÛ`+8n+3
9
7 =66
= Á {1+ }
n=1 4nÛ`+8n+3

50
 {an} n ak=k(k+1)
an+1 an+2 kak+1=(k+2)ak
(an+1)Û`=anan+2 =
an an+1
k+2
{an} ak+1= _ak
k
{an} r a£=1
k+2
a°+a¦=a£rÛ`+a£rÝ`=rÛ`+rÝ`=20 ak+1= _k(k+1)
k
rÝ`+rÛ`-20=0 = (k+1)(k+2)
(rÛ`+5)(rÛ`-4)=0 n=k+1 ( )
rÛ`=4 Ú Û n ( )
r>0 r=2 k+2
f(k)= g(k)=(k+1)(k+2)
a£ k
aÁ= =;4!;
rÛ`
f(6)_g(10)=;6*;_11_12

=176
9 ;4!;(2á`-1)
Á an=
n=1 2-1
511
=
4
1
p+q=4+511=515
1 2 3 4 5
515
6 7 8

(an+1)Û`+an+1=(an)Û`+an
(an+1)Û`-(an)Û`=an-an+1 10 9
Á (an+3)- Á (an+1-2)
(an+1+an)(an+1-an)=-(an+1-an) n=1 n=1
10 10 9 9
an+an+1 = Á an+ Á 3- Á an+1+ Á 2
n=1 n=1 n=1 n=1
an+1+an=-1 10 10

an+1=-an-1 = Á an+3_10- Á an+2_9

n=1 n=2

aÁ=-5 10 10
={ Á an- Á an}+48
aª=-aÁ-1=5-1=4 n=1 n=2

a£=-aª-1=-4-1=-5 =aÁ+48
a¢=-a£-1=5-1=4
aÁ+48=50
n aÁ=2
an=-5 an+1=-(-5)-1=4
an=4 an+1=-4-1=-5
{an} d
n
an+2-an=2d
aªn-1=-5 aªn=4
10 10
Á aªn= Á 4=4_10=40 10 10
n=1 n=1 Á (an+2-an)= Á 2d
n=1 n=1

=2d_10
=20d
Ú n=1 ( )=aÁ=2 ( )=1_2=2
=30
( )
Û n=k ( ) d=;2#;

51
 {aªn-1} aÁ=5

2d=2_;2#;=3 182-21a=168
21a=14
5 5(2_5+4_3)
Á aªn-1= =55 a=;3@;
n=1 2

an=(2nÛ`+3n-3)-(nÛ`+1)=nÛ`+3n-4
{an} 3
a2n 4nÛ`+6n-4 an+1-an=3
=
n+2 n+2
2(n+2)(2n-1) 16
1
= Á
n+2 n=1 '¶an+16+'an6
=4n-2 16 '¶an+16-'an6
=Á
n=1 ('¶an+16+'an6)('¶an+16-'an6)
10 a2n 10
16 '¶an+16-'an6
Á = Á (4n-2) =Á
n=1 n+2 n=1 n=1 an+1-an
10 10
=4 Á n- Á 2 16 '¶an+16-'an6
n=1 n=1 =Á
n=1 3
10_11
=4_ -2_10 16
2 =;3!; Á ('¶an+16-'an6)
n=1
=200
=;3!;{('aª6-'aÁ6)+('a£6-'aª6)+('a¢6-'a£6)+

y+('¶aÁ¦6-'¶aÁ¤6)}
2xÛ`-8x+n=0 D
=;3!;(-'aÁ6+'¶aÁ¦6)
D
=16-2n
4
=;3!;(-'1+'Ä1+16_36)
Ú 16-2n>0 n<8
n=1 2 3 y 7 an=2 =;3!;_6
Û 16-2n=0 n=8
=2
n=8 an=1
Ü 16-2n<0 n>8
n=9 10 11 y an=0
{an} n
100 7 100
Á an= Á an+a¥+ Á an an+1 an+2
(an+1)Û`=anan+2 =
n=1 n=1 n=9
an an+1
7 100
= Á 2+1+ Á 0 {an}
n=1 n=9
{an} r
=2_7+1+0_92
a¦=3(a¢)Û`
=15
aÁrß`=3(aÁrÜ`)Û`
aÁrß`=3a `rß`
6 6 6 aÁ+0 r+0
Á (2nÛ`-an)=2 Á nÛ`-a Á n 1=3aÁ
n=1 n=1 n=1

6_7_13 6_7
=2_ -a_ aÁ=;3!;
6 2
=182-21a

52
 aÁ=4¾0 {an} 2 n
aª=aÁ-10=4-10=-6
aª<0 an+1-an=2
a£=-aª+5=6+5=11
a£¾0 10
1
Á
a¢=a£-10=11-10=1 n=1anan+1
10
1 1 1
a¢¾0 =Á { - }
n=1 an+1-an an an+1
a°=a¢-10=1-10=-9 10
1 1
=;2!; Á { - }
a°<0 n=1 an an+1
a¤=-a°+5=9+5=14 1 1 1 1 1 1
=;2!;[{ - }+{ - }+{ - }+
aÁ aª aª a£ a£ a¢
a¤¾0
1 1
a¦=a¤-10=14-10=4  y+{ - }]
aÁ¼ aÁÁ
a¦=aÁ n 1 1
=;2!; { - }
an+6=an aÁ aÁÁ
1 1
=;2!; { - }
aÁ aÁ+20
aÁ¼=a¢=1 aª¼=aª=-6
10
=
aÁ(aÁ+20)
aÁ¼+aª¼=1+(-6)=-5
=;4°8;

a `+20aÁ-96=0
(aÁ-4)(aÁ+24)=0
aÁ>0 aÁ=4

2
1
x+n= +2
1 2 3 74 4 5 363 x-1
6 35 7 8 xÛ`+(n-3)x-n+1=0
an bn

m m(m+1)
am= Á k= an+bn=-n+3 anbn=-n+1
k=1 2
n am n
1 m(m+1)
Á =Á[ _ ] 11
1
m=1 m+1 m=1 m+1 2 Á
n=4 anÛ`bn+anbnÛ`
n
m
=Á 11
1
m=1 2
=Á
n n=4 anbn(an+bn)
=;2!; Á m
m=1
11
1
=Á
n(n+1) n=4 (-n+1)(-n+3)
=;2!;_
2 11
1
=Á
n(n+1) n=4 (n-3)(n-1)
= ¾100
4 11
1 1
=;2!; Á { - }
n(n+1)¾400 n=4 n-3 n-1
19_20=380<400 20_21=420¾400 =;2!;[{;1!;-;3!;}+{;2!;-;4!;}+{;3!;-;5!;}+
n 20
y+{;7!;-;9!;}+{;8!;-;1Á0;}]

53
 =;2!; {1+;2!;-;9!;-;1Á0;} k n=2k
aªk+1=3aªk-1 yy`
=;4@5(;
n=2k-1
aªk=2aªk-1 yy`
p+q=45+29=74
74 a2k
aªk+1=3aªk-1=3_ =;2#; aªk
2

1
y= +2 y=x+n
x-1 aªk+2=2aªk+1=2_;2#; aªk=3aªk yy`
n
{aªn-1} aÁ=1 3
xÛ`+(n-3)x-n+1=0
{aªn}
n 1
aª=2aÁ=2 3
y y=x+n

10 5 5
Á an= Á aªn-1+ Á aªn
1 n=1 n=1 n=1
y= +2
x-1 5 5
= Á (1_3n-1)+ Á (2_3n-1)
n=1 n=1
x 5
= Á (3n-1+2_3n-1)
n=1

5
= Á 3n
n=1

f(x)=xÛ`+(n-3)x-n+1 3(3Þ`-1)
=
3-1
f(x)=0 D
=363
D=(n-3)Û`-4(-n+1)
363
=nÛ`-2n+5
=(n-1)Û`+4>0
f(1)=1+n-3-n+1=-1+0 an+an+3=10
f(x)=0 n 1 an+3=10-an
3
Á an=5
n=1
6 3

bn=aªn-1 bÁ=aÁ=3 n Á an= Á an+3

n=4 n=1
3
= Á (10-an)
bn+1-bn=aªn+1-aªn-1=6 n=1
3 3
{bn} 3 6 = Á 10- Á an
n=1 n=1

=10_3-5
aÁ°=b¥=3+7_6=45 n
=25
aªn-1+aªn=5 9 6
15 7 Á an= Á an+3
aÁ°+ Á an= Á (aªn-1+aªn)+2aÁ° n=7 n=4
n=1 n=1 6
7 = Á (10-an)
= Á 5+2_45 n=4
n=1 6 6

=5_7+90 = Á 10- Á an
n=4 n=4

=125 =10_3-25
=5

54
 aª+a£=5
9 3 6 9
Á an= Á an+ Á an+ Á an
n=1 n=1 n=4 n=7
aª_a£=aª(5-aª)
=5+25+5 2
=-{aª-;2%;} +;;ª4°;;
=35
35
aª_a£É;;ª4°;; { aª=a£=;2%; }
Ú a° n
an+1-an=3n-2 an+1=an+(3n-2) aª_a£_a¢=aª_a£_aÁ

=aª_a£_2É;;ª4°;;_2=;;ª2°;;
aÁ=4
aª=aÁ+1=4+1=5 aª_a£_a¢ aª=a£=;2%; ;;ª2°;;
a£=aª+4=5+4=9
a¢=a£+7=9+7=16
a°=a¢+10=16+10=26
M=26

3
Û a° n
an+1-an=-(3n-2) an+1=an-(3n-2)
1 2 3 365
aÁ=4
aª=aÁ-1=4-1=3
a£=aª-4=3-4=-1 an+1-4 (an 3 )
an= g
a¢=a£-7=-1-7=-8 3an+1 (an 3 )

a°=a¢-10=-8-10=-18 {an} 30
m=-18 an>0
M-m=26-(-18)=44 a¥=2 a¦>0
a¦=3a¥=3_2=6
Ú a¤=a¦-4=6-4=2
a°>0
aª_a£_a¢=c (c+0) a°=3a¤=3_2=6
n a¢=a°-4=6-4=2
an_an+1_an+2=c yy` a£>0
n a£=3a¢=3_2=6
an+1_an+2_an+3=c yy` aª=a£-4=6-4=2
Ö aÁ>0
an+3
=;cC;=1 an+3=an aÁ=3aª=3_2=6
an
aª=3a£=3_6=18
100 3 a É30
Á an=33 Á an+a100
n=1 n=1 aÁ=aª-4=18-4=14
=33(aÁ+aª+a£)+aÁ a¢=3a°=3_6=18
=33(2+aª+a£)+2 anÉ30
=33(aª+a£)+68 a£=a¢-4=18-4=14
=233 aª=a£-4=14-4=10

55
 aª-4=10-4=6 3 (2n-1)an+2Sn=2 n=1
aÁ=3aª=30 aÁ+2S Á=aÁ+2aÁ=3aÁ=2 aÁ=;3@;
Û a¤=3a¦=3_6=18
(2n-1)an+2Sn=2 yy`
anÉ30
n n+1
a°=a¤-4=18-4=14
(2n+1)an+1+2Sn+1=2 yy`
a¢=a°-4=14-4=10
-
a¢-4=10-4=6 3
(2n+1)an+1-(2n-1)an+2(Sn+1-Sn)=0
a£=3a¢=3_10=30
(2n+1)an+1-(2n-1)an+2an+1=0
anÉ30
(2n+3)an+1=(2n-1)an
aª=a£-4=30-4=26
an 2n+3
aÁ=aª-4=26-4=22 = yy`
an+1 2n-1
aÁ n 5 6 7 8 9
6+14+30+22=72 a5 a6 a7 a8 a
_ _ _ _ 9 =;;Á9£;;_;1!1%;_;1!3&;_;1!5(;_;1@7!;
a6 a7 a8 a9 a10
a5 19_21
= =;;Á3£3£;;
a10 9_11
a1=;3@;
a1a5
n
=;3@;_;;Á3£3£;;=;;ª9¤9¤;;
anan+1= Á ak n=1 aÁaª=aÁ a10
k=1
p=99 q=266
aÁ+0 aª=1 ( )
n p+q=365
anan+1= Á ak n n+1 365
k=1
n+1 n
an+1an+2= Á ak= Á ak+an+1=anan+1+an+1
k=1 k=1

=an+1(an+1)
n an+1>0
an+2=an+1 ( )
aªn+1=aªn-1+1 aÁ=3
aªn-1=3+(n-1)_1=n+2 (n=1 2 3 y)
aª=1 aªn+2=aªn+1
aªn=1+(n-1)_1=n (n=1 2 3 y)

10 5 5
Á an= Á aªn-1+ Á aªn
n=1 n=1 n=1
5 5
= Á (n+2)+ Á n
n=1 n=1
5
= Á (2n+2)
n=1
5 5
=2 Á n+ Á 2
n=1 n=1

5_6
=2_ +2_5
2
=40 ( )

56