Mathematics

2023 – High School - District

1. Before his death in 1920, Ramanujan was visited by an English colleague. His colleague remarked that the
cab he rode in had a “rather unremarkable number.” Ramanujan responded that the number, 1729, was in
fact “the smallest number expressible as the sum of two cubes in two different ways,” 123 + 13 and 103 +
93 . Find the smallest number expressible as a sum of two squares in two different ways.
A. 29
B. 50
C. 65
D. 85

3
2. Simplify the radical �16𝑥𝑥 5 𝑦𝑦 8
3
A. 2𝑥𝑥𝑦𝑦 2 �2𝑥𝑥 2 𝑦𝑦 2
B. 4𝑥𝑥 2 𝑦𝑦 4 √𝑥𝑥
3
C. 4𝑥𝑥 2 𝑦𝑦 4 √𝑥𝑥
D. 2𝑥𝑥𝑦𝑦 2 �2𝑥𝑥 2 𝑦𝑦 2

3. Write the expression 5𝑥𝑥 (3/4) 𝑦𝑦 −(5/2) 𝑧𝑧 −3 without the use of rational exponents.
4 5𝑥𝑥 3
A. �𝑦𝑦5 𝑧𝑧3
4 𝑥𝑥 3
B. 5�𝑦𝑦5 𝑧𝑧3
5𝑥𝑥 3
C. �𝑦𝑦10 𝑧𝑧6
5 4 𝑥𝑥 3
D. �
𝑧𝑧 3 𝑦𝑦 10

4. How many fixed points does the complex-valued function 𝑓𝑓(𝑧𝑧) = 𝑧𝑧 2 − 𝑧𝑧 have?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. an infinite number of fixed points.

5. A complex number, z, is added to its complex conjugate, then squared, and subtracted from 16. The result
4𝜋𝜋
of these steps is 4. If the argument of the original number, z, is , what is the original number?
3
A. √2 − √2 𝑖𝑖
B. 3 − 3√2 𝑖𝑖
C. −√3 − 3𝑖𝑖
D. −√6 − 3√2 𝑖𝑖

6. Express the hexadecimal number 9A5B0 as an octal number.

A. 2322660
B. 4645540
C. 1112051300
D. 2122112300
7. Given two sets, the complement of the intersection is the union of the complements. This statement is one
of a collection of rules named after whom?
A. Augustin-Louis Cauchy
B. Leonhard Euler
C. Abraham de Moivre
D. Augustus De Morgan

8. The nth term of a sequence is given by 𝑎𝑎(𝑛𝑛) = 𝑛𝑛2 − 𝑛𝑛. The sequence of consecutive differences,
constructed from this sequence, 𝑐𝑐(𝑛𝑛) = 𝑎𝑎(𝑛𝑛 + 1) − 𝑎𝑎(𝑛𝑛), can best be described as…
A. arithmetic
B. geometric
C. constant
D. harmonic

9. Solve for 𝑥𝑥, √3𝑥𝑥 + 1 − √2𝑥𝑥 − 7 = 2

A. 𝑥𝑥 = 4
B. 𝑥𝑥 = 8
C. 𝑥𝑥 = 16
D. 𝑥𝑥 ∈ {8, 16}

10. Solve the system of linear equations given below.

5𝑥𝑥 − 2𝑦𝑦 = 13
2𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑦𝑦 = 47
A. 𝑥𝑥 = 3, 𝑦𝑦 = 1
B. 𝑥𝑥 = 5, 𝑦𝑦 = 6
C. 𝑥𝑥 = 7, 𝑦𝑦 = 11
D. 𝑥𝑥 = 19, 𝑦𝑦 = 41

11. If x varies jointly as the square of y and the square root of z, find a value of y if 𝑥𝑥 = 12, 𝑧𝑧 = 9, and the
constant of variation is 𝜋𝜋?
4
A.
𝜋𝜋
𝜋𝜋
B.
4
C. 4√𝜋𝜋
2
D.
√𝜋𝜋

5𝑥𝑥−7
12. What value is not in the range of the function, 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = .
2𝑥𝑥+1
7
A.
5
5
B.
2
1
C. −
2
7
D. −
5

13. Which of the following polynomials is factorable using only (real) integer coefficients.
A. 𝑥𝑥 2 + 16
B. 𝑥𝑥 3 − 64
C. 𝑥𝑥 2 − 5𝑥𝑥 + 14
D. 4𝑥𝑥 3 + 6𝑥𝑥 2 + 12𝑥𝑥 + 8
 1
14. Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑥𝑥 2 and 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥) = , find the inverse of (𝑔𝑔 ∘ 𝑓𝑓)(𝑥𝑥).
𝑥𝑥+1
√𝑥𝑥
A. (𝑔𝑔 ∘ 𝑓𝑓)−1 (𝑥𝑥) =
𝑥𝑥+1
√𝑥𝑥−1
B. (𝑔𝑔 ∘ 𝑓𝑓)−1 (𝑥𝑥) =
𝑥𝑥−1
1−𝑥𝑥
C. (𝑔𝑔 ∘ 𝑓𝑓)−1 (𝑥𝑥) = �
𝑥𝑥
√𝑥𝑥
D. (𝑔𝑔 ∘ 𝑓𝑓)−1 (𝑥𝑥) = +1
𝑥𝑥

15. The function 𝑓𝑓 is a polynomial of odd degree 𝑛𝑛. How many cusps could the function 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥) = |𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)| have?
A. 0, polynomials do not have cusps.
B. less than or equal to 𝑛𝑛, but the number of cusps must be even.
C. less than or equal to 𝑛𝑛, but the number of cusps must be odd.
D. it might have a cusp but no more than 𝑛𝑛. (could be even or odd)

16. The half-life of rubidium-82, a radioisotope used in nuclear medicine, is 1.273 min. Activity is directly
proportional to mass. Since activity is easier to measure to the accuracies needed, the initial dose is given
as 1480 MBq. In megabecquerels, how much of the rubidium remains after a half-hour? Round answers to
three significant digits.
A. 1.38 × 10−6 MBq
B. 1.19 × 10−4 MBq
C. 38.8 MBq
D. 493 MBq
1
17. Express log 𝑎𝑎 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑝𝑝log a 𝑦𝑦 − 𝑞𝑞 log a 𝑧𝑧 as a single logarithm.
m
𝑦𝑦 𝑝𝑝
A. log 𝑎𝑎 𝑚𝑚 𝑞𝑞
𝑥𝑥 √𝑧𝑧
𝑚𝑚
�𝑥𝑥𝑦𝑦 𝑝𝑝
B. log 𝑎𝑎 𝑞𝑞
√𝑧𝑧
𝑞𝑞
𝑦𝑦 𝑝𝑝 √𝑧𝑧
C. log 𝑎𝑎 𝑥𝑥 𝑚𝑚
𝑚𝑚
√𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦 𝑝𝑝
D. log 𝑎𝑎 𝑧𝑧𝑞𝑞

18. The following values of θ have been rounded to four decimal places. Excluding slight errors due to this,
which of the following values of θ will produce the same result as θ = 0.1238 when applying the wrapping
function?
A. -0.1238
B. 3.2654
C. 17.4026
D. 18.9734
𝜋𝜋
19. Find the exact value of sin .
5
√3
A.
3
1+√5
B.
4
�10−2√5
C.
4
√5−1
D.
4
20. Which of the following is a valid trigonometric identity?
1−cos (2𝜃𝜃)
A. sin2 𝜃𝜃 =
2
B. tan 𝐴𝐴 + tan 𝐵𝐵 + tan 𝐶𝐶 = (tan 𝐴𝐴)(tan 𝐵𝐵)(tan 𝐶𝐶)
𝜃𝜃+𝜙𝜙 𝜃𝜃−𝜙𝜙
C. cos 𝜃𝜃 + cos 𝜙𝜙 = −2 cos � � cos � �
2 2
1
D. tan 𝑥𝑥 tan 𝑦𝑦 = (tan(𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦) − tan(𝑥𝑥 − 𝑦𝑦))
2

𝑥𝑥 3 +1
21. Give an equation for the oblique asymptote in the graph of 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 2 −2𝑥𝑥−3?
𝑥𝑥
A. 𝑦𝑦 = 2𝑥𝑥 + 3
B. 𝑦𝑦 = −2𝑥𝑥 + 3
C. 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 + 2
D. 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥

22. How many negative real roots might the polynomial 𝑥𝑥 5 − 4𝑥𝑥 3 + 7𝑥𝑥 2 + 5𝑥𝑥 − 4 have?
A. 1
B. 1 or 3
C. 0, 2, or 4
D. 0 or 2

23. A triangle is given by its vertices, 𝐴𝐴: (0,0), 𝐵𝐵: (3,4), and 𝐶𝐶: (3,0). The triangle is then shifted 4 units to the
right, reflected across the line 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 − 2, and then undergoes a dilation with a factor of two centered at the
origin. This brings the point 𝐴𝐴 to the coordinates 𝐴𝐴′ : (4,4). Find the area of Δ𝐴𝐴′𝐵𝐵′𝐶𝐶′.
A. 16
B. 24
C. 2√194
D. 48

24. The diagram included here is from Richard Fitzpatrick’s translation

of Euclid’s Elements. It accompanies the proof of the Pythagorean
theorem. Triangle ABC, with right angle A is drawn with squares
built upon the sides. What method of showing triangles are
congruent can be used to show that Δ𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 ≅ Δ𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴?
A. Angle-Side-Angle
B. Side-Side-Side
C. Side-Angle-Side
D. Hypotenuse-Leg

25. Trapezoid ABCD has bases 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 12.36 and 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 = 6.95. If
𝑚𝑚∠𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 48.0°, 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 4.65, and 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 3.97, find the length of
diagonal ����
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 . Measurements have been rounded; distances to the
nearest hundredth and angles to the nearest tenth of a degree.
A. 9.87
B. 10.64
C. 12.12
D. 15.85

26. Knowing that ∠𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 38°, 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 8, and 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 6, limits the measure of ∠𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 to two possibilities. What
is the difference of these two measurements rounded to the nearest tenth of a degree?
A. 17.2°
B. 38.0°
C. 69.7°
D. 90.0°
27. In the diagram provided, 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 2√5. Find 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴.
3√5
A. 2
2√6
B.
√5
C. √30
D. √45

28. A thirty-sided polyhedron has quadrilateral faces. How many edges does
the polyhedron have?
A. 60
B. 72
C. 90
D. 120

29. What is the regular polygon with the smallest number of sides to have more than one point in the interior
where three, or more, diagonals come together?
A. pentagon
B. hexagon
C. heptagon
D. octagon

30. An equilateral triangle and a square have the same area. Find the ratio of their perimeters.
A. 1: √2
B. √2: 1
4
C. 2: √3
4
D. 3: 2√3

31. A cube can be divided into three congruent pyramids. See the diagram. If we start with a
unit cube, what is the total surface area of one of those three pyramids?
1
A. 2 + √2
2
B. 2 + √2
C. 3
D. 2

32. The centers of two circles, one with a radius of 5 and the other with a
radius of 3 are 10 units apart. Find the length of their common
tangent segment.
A. √34
B. 2√15
C. √15 + 3√5 + 5√3
D. 4√6

33. An 80° arc of a circle measures 124 in. Find the radius of the circle to the nearest tenth of an inch.
A. 88.8
B. 93.0
C. 96.5
D. 113.2
34. A circle is cut in two places, 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵, by a line drawn from a
point, 𝑃𝑃, outside the circle. A tangent from 𝑃𝑃 is also drawn to
𝑇𝑇, a point on the circle. Use 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 10 and 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 4 to find the
length of the tangent segment, ����
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃, to the nearest tenth.
A. 6.3
B. 7.5
C. 9.8
D. 10.8

35. Find the Euclidean distance between the points (3, −6, 8) and
(−9, 7, 3) to the nearest hundredth.
A. 5.48
B. 6.93
C. 7.01
D. 18.38

36. Find the center of the central conic described by 𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑦𝑦 2 − 8𝑥𝑥 − 12𝑦𝑦 + 3 = 0.
A. (4, 6)
B. (4, −6)
C. (−6, 4)
D. (6, −4)

37. An ellipse has foci at (−2, 3) and (6, 3), and a minor axis of 6. Find an equation of the ellipse.
(𝑥𝑥−2)2 (𝑦𝑦−3)2
A. 36
+ 64
=1
(𝑥𝑥−2)2 (𝑦𝑦−3)2
B. 64
+
36
=1
(𝑥𝑥−2)2 (𝑦𝑦−3)2
C. 64
+ 36
=1
(𝑥𝑥−2)2 (𝑦𝑦−3)2
D. 25
+ 9
=1

38. Using the contingency table below find (to the nearest thousandth) the probability a patient had been given
a standard dose of vitamin B, given that the patient showed improvement.

A - Low Dose A - High Dose B – Std. Dose Placebo TOTAL

Considerable 231 258 271 241 1001

Improvement

Some 428 447 311 316 1502

Improvement

No 341 295 418 443 1497

Improvement

TOTAL 1000 1000 1000 1000 4000

A. 0.207
B. 0.233
C. 0.271
D. 0.582
39. A derangement of 𝑛𝑛 object is a permutation where no item is in its original position. For example,
𝐵𝐵, 𝐸𝐸, 𝐴𝐴, 𝐶𝐶, 𝐷𝐷 is a derangement of 𝐴𝐴, 𝐵𝐵, 𝐶𝐶, 𝐷𝐷, 𝐸𝐸, but 𝐵𝐵, 𝐴𝐴, 𝐶𝐶, 𝐸𝐸, 𝐷𝐷 is not because 𝐶𝐶 is back in its original
position. How many derangements of four items are there?
A. 4
B. 8
C. 9
D. 24

40. A random variable X follows a normal distribution with mean 456 and standard deviation 35. What is the
probability that an actualization of the variable will be within the interval [400, 470]? Round answers to the
nearest hundredth.
A. 0.60
B. 0.66
C. 0.68
D. 0.95

41. A gamer opens prize boxes until she earns an epic gift. There is no pity timer so the probability of earning
an epic gift remains constant. The number of boxes she opens before getting an epic gift can best be
modeled using which of the following distributions?
A. geometric
B. normal
C. Poisson
D. uniform

42. A regular six-sided die with faces numbered 1 to 6 is rolled and the square of the number shown is
recorded. What is the expected value for such a roll?
A. 9
B. 12.25
C. 15.16�
D. 21

43. Two lines produce widgets. The mass of the widgets produced by the line 𝑋𝑋, have a mean of 72 grams and
a standard deviation of 3 grams. The other line, Y, produces widgets with a mean mass of 74 grams and a
standard deviation of 1 gram. If two randomly chosen widgets, A and B, were to have masses of 73 grams
and 76 grams respectively, which lines are likely to have produced them?
A. X is more likely to have produced A, while Y is more likely to have produced B.
B. Y is more likely to have produced A, while X is more likely to have produced B.
C. X is more likely to have produced both.
D. Y is more likely to have produced both.

44. A quality control engineer believes that a production line is producing longer widgets than usual. The
engineer has records of measurements going back some time, so a mean and standard deviation of the
length measurements are known. To compare the new widgets the engineer sets up null and alternative
hypotheses. What is the null hypothesis?
A. The mean length of the new widgets exceeds the mean length of the old widgets.
B. The mean length of the new widgets differs from the mean length of the old widgets.
C. The mean length of the new widgets is the same as the mean length of the old widgets.
D. The variation in the lengths of the new widgets is greater than the variation in the length of the old
widgets.
 3 𝑥𝑥
45. Evaluate lim �1 + � .
x→∞ 𝑥𝑥
A. 𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥
B. 𝑒𝑒
C. 𝑒𝑒 2
D. 𝑒𝑒 3

x3 2 𝑥𝑥 5 17 x7
46. Which function is approximated by the Maclaurin series x + 3
+ 15
+ 315
?
A. sin 𝑥𝑥
B. ln(𝑥𝑥 + 1)
C. tan 𝑥𝑥
D. cos−1 𝑥𝑥

∂
47. Find
∂y
(x + y)5 .
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
A. 5(𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦)4 �1 + �
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
B. 5(𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦)4
C. 5𝑦𝑦(𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦)4
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
D. 5(𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦)4 � + 1�
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

48. Find ∫ sin3 𝑥𝑥 ⋅ cos 2 𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑.

1
A. cos5 𝑥𝑥 + 𝐶𝐶
5
1 1
B. sin4 𝑥𝑥 − sin6 𝑥𝑥 + 𝐶𝐶
4 6
1 1
C. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑠𝑠 5 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑠𝑠 3 𝑥𝑥 + 𝐶𝐶
5 3
1 1
D. cos 𝑥𝑥 − cos3 𝑥𝑥 + 𝐶𝐶
5
5 3

49. Find the average value of the function 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = cosh 𝑥𝑥 on the interval [𝑎𝑎, 𝑏𝑏].
1
A. (sinh 𝑎𝑎 − sinh 𝑏𝑏)
2
1
B. (sinh 𝑏𝑏 − sinh 𝑎𝑎)
2
1
C. (sinh 𝑎𝑎 − sinh 𝑏𝑏)
𝑏𝑏−𝑎𝑎
1
D. 𝑏𝑏−𝑎𝑎
(sinh 𝑏𝑏 − sinh 𝑎𝑎)

50. Solve the differential equation 𝑦𝑦 ′ = 𝑥𝑥𝑦𝑦 2.

2
A. 2 + 𝐶𝐶
𝑥𝑥
2
B. −
𝑥𝑥 2
+ 𝐶𝐶
−2
C. 𝑥𝑥 2 +𝐶𝐶
D. �ln|𝑥𝑥|+C

TIE BREAKERS

51. Find cylindrical polar coordinates for the point 𝐴𝐴: (−3, 4, 12) rounded to three decimal places where
needed.
A. (4, −0.927, 12)
B. (5, 2.214, 12)
C. (−5, 2.601, 12)
D. (13, 2.601, 1.176)
52. Which of the six inverse trigonometric functions exhibits even symmetry?
A. arccosine
B. arcsine and arctangent
C. arccosine and arcsecant
D. none of them.

53. Which function below does not have an asymptote?

A. 𝑦𝑦 = tan−1 𝑥𝑥
B. 𝑦𝑦 = ln (𝑥𝑥)
𝑥𝑥 5
C. 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 2 −5𝑥𝑥+8
D. 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 −2 − 4𝑥𝑥 + 3

54. Which of the following is equal to the identity function for all real numbers?
A. 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑒𝑒 ln 𝑥𝑥
B. 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥) = ln 𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥
C. ℎ(𝑥𝑥) = |𝑥𝑥| √𝑥𝑥 2
𝑥𝑥 2
D. 𝑗𝑗(𝑥𝑥) = |𝑥𝑥| �√𝑥𝑥�

55. If 3 − √2 is a zero of a function with integer coefficients, which of the following is also a zero?
A. −3 − √2
B. √2 − 3
C. 3 + √2
D. none of the above

56. The angle bisector theorem can be proven using similar triangles. In Δ𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴, we have 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 8, 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 11,
and 𝐷𝐷 on ���� �����⃗ bisects ∠𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵. Given 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 5, find 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 to the nearest tenth.
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 so that 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
A. 2.6
B. 3.6
C. 6.9
D. 9.5

57. A convex hexagon has angles measuring 115°, 125°, 129°, 130°, and 136°. Find the measure of the sixth
angle.
A. 85°
B. 95°
C. 105°
D. 115°

58. A cube measuring 3 units on a side is circumscribed by a sphere. Find the surface area of the sphere.
A. 27𝜋𝜋
27
B. 𝜋𝜋
16
3
C. 9𝜋𝜋 √4
3
D. 9𝜋𝜋 √12

59. The probability of event A is 0.38, the probability of event 𝐵𝐵 is 0.44, and the probability of both events A
and B occurring is 0.12. What is the probability of neither event A nor B occurring?
A. 0.17
B. 0.30
C. 0.35
D. 0.70
60. The least squares regression line for a set of data is given by 𝑦𝑦� = 3.55𝑥𝑥 − 0.35. The mean of the
explanatory variable is 𝑥𝑥̅ = 12.88. If the Pearson correlation coefficient is 0.68, what is the residual
associated with the data point (13.22, 44.17)? All values rounded to nearest hundredth.
A. 30.04
B. 3.54
C. −1.64
D. −2.41
 2023 High School Mathematics District KEY

1. B 31. B
2. A 32. D
3. D 33. A
4. C 34. B
5. C 35. D
6. A 36. B
7. D 37. D
8. A 38. B
9. D 39. C
10. C 40. A
11. D 41. A
12. B 42. C
13. B 43. C
14. C 44. C
15. D 45. D
16. B 46. C
17. D 47. B
18. D 48. D
19. C 49. D
20. A 50. C
21. C 51. B TIEBREAKERS 51-60
22. D 52. D
23. B 53. C
24. C 54. B
25. A 55. C
26. C 56. C
27. C 57. A
28. A 58. A
29. D 59. B
30. D 60. D
Notes for Inquiry Panel

Question # 43: The z-scores are smaller (more likely to happen) for X than for Y in both cases.
𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 +𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 −𝟐𝟐
Question # 50: − = + 𝑪𝑪𝟏𝟏 = reciprocals −𝒚𝒚 = opposites 𝒚𝒚 =
𝒚𝒚 𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 +𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 +𝑪𝑪𝟐𝟐
Question # 60: residual value 44.17 – (3.55 times 13.22 – 0.35 )