6.

Considering Karl Marx’s theory, which of the

LIGAYA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL following critiques capitalism's impact on society?
3rd PERIODICAL EXAMINATION
UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND a. It creates class struggles between the
POLITICAL SCIENCE bourgeoise and proletariat.
b. It eliminates the need for political governance.
Direction: Choose the BEST answer for each question. AVOID c. It fosters equal wealth distribution among all
ERASURES! classes.
d. It promotes cultural values of all communities
1. Which of the following best defines "culture" equally.
according to Edward B. Tylor?
7. Which statement best evaluates the importance of
a. A collection of legal framework governing Emile Durkheim’s work of suicide?
societies.
b. A complex whole including knowledge, beliefs,
a. It dismissed the influence of social factors on
arts, morals, law, and customs.
individual behavior.
c. A set of biological traits passed through
b. It highlighted the role of economic systems in
generations.
d. A system of economic practices. personal well-being.
c. It provided a sociological approach to
understanding personal acts as influenced
2. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the
by social contexts.
application of participant observation in studying
culture? d. It solely focused on psychological
explanations for suicide.
a. Analyzing statistical data from government
records. 8. What is the primary focus of cultural
b. Conducting a telephone survey with random anthropology?
participants.
c. Living with an indigenous tribe to understand a. The analysis of past societies through artifacts.
their daily practices and beliefs. b. The description and analysis of cultural
d. Reading historical documents about ancient variations and progress.
civilizations. c. The study of human biological development.
d. The study of language and communication.
3. A political scientist is comparing the legislative
processes of different countries. Which sub-discipline 9. Who is considered the Father of American
is he most likely engaging in? Anthropology, known for rejecting the biological
basis of racism?
a. Comparative government
b. Political theory a. Edward B. Tylor
c. Public Law b. Emile Durkheim
d. International Relations
c. Franz Boas
d. Max Weber
4. How does Max Weber’s concept of rationalization
help analyze the development of modern society?
10. Culture considered social because:
a. It emphasizes emotional connections in
governance. a. It develops through social interaction
b. It explains the shift towards scientific and among individuals.
logical approaches in understanding social b. It is an innate trait individuals are born with.
structures. c. It is transmitted genetically.
c. It focuses on biological factors influencing d. It remains identical in every society.
human behavior.
d. It highlights the role of traditions in economic 11. Which of the following illustrates the transmission
systems. of culture?

5. Which of the following best distinguishes sociology a. A child learning traditional dances from
from anthropology? their grandparents.
b. A mountain forming due to tectonic
a. Sociology examines social relationships and movements.
institutions while anthropology studies c. A person inheriting physical traits from their
human culture and evolution. parents.
b. Sociology focuses on biological evolution d. A scientist discovering a new species.
while anthropology studies laws and customs.
c. Sociology is limited to historical societies 12. According to Karl Marx, class conflict arises
while anthropology studies only modern primarily because:
cultures.
d. Sociology is primarily concerned with a. All social classes share equal resources.
languages while anthropology deals with b. Capitalists exploit workers, leading to
political systems. struggles between classes.
c. Governments provide equal opportunities for
all citizens.
 d. Societies function without economic systems. A young girl named Amira was curious about why her
town celebrated so differently from others. She asked her
13. How does Emile Durkheim’s theory explain the grandmother, "Why do we have so many customs, and why
importance of social institutions? do they matter?"

a. They cause dysfunction by disrupting societal Her grandmother smiled and replied, "Culture is like a
balance. tapestry woven with threads of language, traditions, values,
b. They function independently without and symbols. It is learned from our families, communities,
influencing society. and experiences. It is shared, dynamic, and shapes how we
c. They maintain societal stability through the see the world."
roles they perform.
d. They prevent individuals from forming During the festival, Amira noticed that even though people
personal identities. danced differently, wore different clothes, and spoke
various languages, they all shared laughter, respect, and
14. Which of the following statements best evaluates joy. She realized that culture connects people, gives them
George Herbert Mead’s symbolic interactionism? identity, and evolves with time while preserving its roots.

a. Social behavior is influenced by biological

instincts.
b. Societal development is independent of human 18. Which of the following actions best demonstrates
relationships. an understanding of culture as learned and shared?
c. Social interactions and communication
through symbols shape society. a. Creating a new language that only you
d. Society is shaped solely by economic forces. understand.
b. Ignoring cultural festivals because they are not
15. Which scenario best reflects the dynamic nature of part of your tradition.
culture? c. Refusing to try foods from other cultures
because they are unfamiliar.
a. A community that isolates itself from all d. Teaching your friend a traditional dance
external influences. from your hometown.
b. A cultural tradition that remains unchanged for
centuries. 19. Based on the story, what can be inferred about the
c. A language that stops evolving over time. dynamic nature of culture?
d. A society continuously adapting its customs
due to technological advances. a. Culture changes as people interact and
share experiences.
16. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of b. Culture is limited to food and clothing
culture? traditions.
c. Culture is only passed down through written
a. Culture is biologically inherited. records.
b. Culture is learned. d. Culture remains the same and never changes
c. Culture is transmitted through language. over time.
d. Culture varies from society to society.
20. Amira concluded that culture connects people
17. Which of the following best illustrates cultural despite differences. Do you agree with her
relativism, as advocated by Franz Boas? conclusion? Why or why not?

a. Analyzing cultural practices within the a. Yes, because culture eliminates all differences
context of their own society. between people.
b. Declaring one culture superior to another. b. Yes, because culture fosters understanding
c. Enforcing universal moral standards across all and unity among diverse groups.
societies. c. No, because culture always creates barriers
d. Judging another culture based on one's own between different communities.
cultural norms. d. No, because culture only matters within
specific families or tribes.
For item no. 18-20
21. What might be the result if a person strictly applies
Read and analyze the short story. ethnocentric beliefs in their daily interactions?

The Tapestry of Traditions a. They develop a broad understanding of

cultural diversity.
b. They encourage global acceptance and
In the small town of Luntaya, people lived harmoniously
cooperation.
despite their diverse backgrounds. The town was a vibrant
c. They foster strong relationships with people
mosaic of customs, languages, and beliefs passed down
from different cultures.
through generations. Every year, they celebrated the
d. They may view other cultures as inferior,
Festival of Unity, where each community showcased its
causing strained relationships.
unique traditions through dances, food, and art.
22. How does moderate ethnocentrism positively b. It fosters fear and prejudice against foreign
affect a cultural group? cultures.
c. It leads to increased cultural exchange.
a. It cause discrimination against outsiders. d. It promotes cultural understanding.
b. It eliminates cultural diversity.
c. It fosters cultural pride and group 29. If a government promotes ethnocentric policies,
solidarity. what could be the societal outcome?
d. It leads to conflict with different cultural
groups. a. Discrimination and marginalization of
minority groups.
23. If a society practices extreme ethnocentrism, what b. Enhanced global cooperation.
could be the long-term societal impact? c. Equal representation of all cultures.
d. Increased cultural tolerance.
a. Enhanced cultural tolerance and mutual
respect. 30. What is the effect of recognizing cultural
b. Increased opportunities for cultural exchange. relativism in international diplomacy?
c. Potential for oppression and conflict with
perceived inferior groups. a. It encourages nations to impose their beliefs
d. Social harmony among diverse groups. on others.
b. It eliminates cultural diversity in diplomatic
24. What is a possible effect of adopting cultural relations.
relativism in evaluating foreign customs? c. It foster mutual respect and peaceful
negotiations.
a. Judging them based on one’s own cultural d. It leads to conflicts due to differing values.
standards.
b. Promoting the superiority of one’s own 31. Which of the following BEST describes biological
culture. evolution?
c. Rejecting practices that differ from personal
beliefs. a. Changes in human cultures from simple to
d. Understanding and respecting different complex forms.
cultural practices. b. Changes in the genetics and inherited traits
of biological populations.
25. How does cultural relativism prevent ethnocentric c. The development of tools and technology by
bias? early humans.
d. The physical transformation of hominids into
a. By emphasizing a single moral standard for all modern humans.
societies.
b. By encouraging people to compare cultures 32. Charles Darwin, known as the "Father of
competitively. Evolution," proposed the theory of evolution based
c. By fostering respect and acceptance for on which of the following principles?
cultural differences.
d. By promoting the idea that some cultures are a. Bipedalism, tool use, and brain development.
inherently better. b. Cultural adaptation, inheritance, and survival
of the fittest.
26. What would likely happen if cultural relativism is c. Fossil records, artifact analysis, and hominid
misunderstood as moral relativism? classification.
d. Variation, inheritance, and survival of the
a. Cultural traditions would be ignored fittest.
completely.
b. Cultures would be judged more fairly. 33. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of
c. Ethical standards would be universally agreed Ardipithecus, considered an early hominid?
upon.
d. Harmful practices might be accepted a. Bipedalism
without critical evaluation. b. Lived primarily in open grasslands
c. Small brain size
27. What effect does xenocentrism have on an d. Skull size similar to an ape
individual's perception of local products?
34. The famous fossil "Lucy" belongs to which
a. They develop nationalistic pride. hominid species?
b. They prefer foreign products, believing
them to be better. a. Australopithecus afarensis
c. They reject all forms of cultural influence. b. Homo erectus
d. They view local products as superior to c. Homo habilis
foreign ones. d. Homo sapiens

28. How can xenophobia negatively impact a 35. What is the significance of fossils and artifacts in
multicultural society? the study of human evolution?

a. It encourages people to learn new languages.

 a. They are the primary sources for 42. How does the division of labor in agricultural
reconstructing human evolution and societies differ from that in hunting and gathering
prehistory. societies?
b. They are used to date the different stages of
hominid evolution. a. Agricultural societies have specialized roles
c. They mainly reveal information about the based on farming and trade.
environment of early humans. b. Both societies have identical labor divisions.
d. They provide evidence of cultural c. Hunting and gathering societies have more
development but not biological change. complex job specialization.
d. There is no division of labor in agricultural
36. Which of the following BEST describes the societies.
relationship between Australopithecus and Homo?
43. Which society type most significantly impacts
a. Australopithecus evolved from Homo. environmental sustainability, and why?
b. Australopithecus is considered the first
stage of human evolution, while Homo a. Horticultural Society, due to crop rotation
represents the later stages. techniques
c. Homo and Australopithecus were b. Hunting and Gathering Society, due to
contemporary species that coexisted in the overhunting
same regions. c. Industrial Society, due to mass production
d. Homo evolved directly from Ardipithecus, and pollution
bypassing the Australopithecus stage. d. Pastoral Society, due to animal domestication

37. The discovery of Homo luzonensis in the 44. If a society is characterized by the dominance of
Philippines suggests that: information technology and service industries,
what type of society is it?
a. Early human migration was limited to Africa.
b. Human evolution followed a linear a. Agricultural Society
progression. b. Hunting and Gathering Society
c. Homo sapiens were the only hominid species c. Industrial Society
to inhabit Southeast Asia. d. Post-Industrial Society
d. The Philippines played a significant role in
human evolution. 45. What is a key factor that differentiates industrial
societies from agricultural societies?
38. Which of the following best describes the
Neolithic Period? a. Dependency on manual farming techniques
b. Focus on small-scale, subsistence farming
a. The creation of cave paintings and early forms c. Nomadic lifestyle and reliance on wild
of art. resources
b. The development of agriculture and settled d. Use of advanced machinery and factory-
communities. based production
c. The emergence of metalworking and complex
societies. For item no 46-50
d. The use of stone tools and hunting-gathering
lifestyles.
Read and analyze this case study title The Journey of
Mia in New Culture
39. The Metal Age is characterized by the use of
which materials for tools and weapons?
Mia, a 16-year-old student from the Philippines, moved to
Japan with her family due to her father’s job relocation.
a. Bone Having grown up in a Filipino community rich in
b. Metal traditions, family gatherings, and a strong sense of
c. Stone bayanihan (community spirit), Mia found herself in a
d. Wood completely different environment. Japanese culture
emphasized punctuality, collectivism, respect through
40. Arrange the following periods in chronological bowing, and subtle communication styles, which were
order: initially overwhelming for her.

a. Paleolithic, Neolithic, Metal Age At her new school, Mia experienced cultural shock. She
b. Neolithic, Paleolithic, Metal Age noticed how her Japanese classmates maintained a formal
c. Metal Age, Neolithic, Paleolithic distance with teachers, strictly followed rules, and preferred
d. Paleolithic, Metal Age, Neolithic group harmony over individual expression. Mia struggled
with the language barrier, the different classroom etiquette,
41. Which form of society relies heavily on and the expectation to conform to group activities.
domesticated animals for food and transportation?
Over time, Mia gradually adapted through both
a. Hunting and Gathering Society enculturation and socialization. She learned the Japanese
b. Horticultural Society language, observed social norms, and engaged in cultural
c. Pastoral Society activities like tea ceremonies and calligraphy. Her Japanese
d. Post-Industrial Society friends also showed interest in her Filipino background,
asking about her traditions and trying Filipino dishes during b. Culture is static and cannot be influenced by
cultural exchange events. new experiences.
c. Enculturation only happens during childhood
Through these interactions, Mia not only adjusted to her and cannot occur later in life.
new environment but also developed a deeper d. Individuals lose their original culture when
understanding of both Filipino and Japanese cultures. She exposed to a new one.
learned to balance her Filipino identity while embracing
Japanese customs, demonstrating the dynamic process of 51. How does George Herbert Mead’s concept of the
cultural adaptation. “self” relate to scientific understanding of
cognitive development in the brain?
46. What is the primary difference between
enculturation and socialization as seen in Mia’s a. The development of the self is influenced by
experience? social interactions, which shape neural
connections and cognitive growth.
a. Enculturation is adapting to new technology, b. The self develops solely through genetic
while socialization is learning a new language. inheritance without external influence.
b. Enculturation refers to learning one’s c. The self is formed only through biological
original culture, while socialization involves instincts, independent of social interaction.
learning societal norms in new d. The self is a fixed trait that does not change
environments. after early childhood development.
c. Socialization is only for children, while
enculturation happens at any age. 52. Considering both Mead’s theory and scientific
d. Socialization and enculturation are identical perspectives on behavior, which approach best
processes without differences. supports the holistic development of an
individual’s social mind?
47. How did Mia apply the process of socialization in
her new school environment? a. Encouraging isolated learning to strengthen
self-awareness independently.
a. By isolating herself to avoid cultural conflicts. b. Focusing solely on memorizing scientific facts
b. By learning the Japanese language, without engaging in social activities.
observing norms, and participating in c. Ignoring emotional intelligence as it has no
cultural events. connection to scientific growth.
c. By refusing to participate in Japanese cultural d. Integrating social experiences with scientific
activities. learning to foster cognitive and emotional
d. By strictly maintaining her Filipino customs development.
without engaging with Japanese culture.
53. How can political ideologies influence the process
48. Which of the following best analyzes the role of of identity formation in individuals within a
Mia’s classmates in her enculturation process? society?

a. They acted as barriers to her cultural a. Identity formation is only influenced by family
adaptation by enforcing strict rules. traditions, not political ideologies.
b. They had no influence since enculturation is b. Political ideologies have no impact on
an independent process. personal identity, as identity is solely shaped
c. They facilitated her enculturation by by genetics.
sharing cultural practices and learning c. Political ideologies contribute to identity
from her. formation by shaping values, beliefs, and
d. They ignored her cultural background, forcing group affiliations.
her to adapt alone d. Political ideologies only affect leaders, not
ordinary citizens.
49. Considering Mia's adaptation, which strategy
would be most effective in helping other students 54. In what way does the concept of national identity
adjust to a new culture? influence political stability in a multicultural
society?
a. Encouraging students to focus solely on their
original culture to maintain their identity. a. A strong, inclusive national identity can
b. Limiting interactions with the new culture to promote political stability by fostering a
avoid confusion. sense of unity among diverse groups.
c. Promoting complete assimilation without b. National identity has no effect on political
regard for their original cultural background. stability because politics operates
d. Supporting cultural exchange programs independently of cultural factors.
that allow mutual learning and respect. c. National identity leads to political instability
by promoting uniformity and rejecting
50. What can be inferred about the dynamic nature of diversity.
culture based on Mia’s experience? d. National identity only influences economic
policies, not political stability.
a. Culture evolves as individuals interact with
and adapt to different environments.
55. How does the philosophical concept of Prepared by:
existentialism challenge traditional views of status
and roles in society? Sir Patrick Zion A. Tesalona

a. Existentialism supports rigid social roles as

essential for maintaining order.
b. Existentialism argues that individuals are
defined solely by the social status they inherit.
c. Existentialism emphasizes personal freedom
and choice, suggesting that individuals
create their own identity beyond assigned
societal roles.
d. Existentialism believes that social roles are
fixed and cannot be changed through
individual action.

56. Which of the following best explains why

individuals conform to societal norms even when
they privately disagree with them?

a. Absence of critical thinking skills

b. Desire to maintain social harmony
c. Fear of legal punishment
d. Lack of personal beliefs

57. A student refuses to follow a school dress code as

a form of protest against what they perceive as an
unjust policy. This behavior is an example of:

a. Deviance driven by moral reasoning

b. Informal social control
c. Obedience to authority
d. Positive conformity

58. How does Robert Merton’s Strain Theory explain

deviant behavior in society?

a. Deviance occurs when individuals are

naturally inclined toward rebellion.
b. Deviance results from a disconnect between
societal goals and the means available to
achieve them.
c. Individuals are deviant because they reject all
forms of societal influence.
d. People engage in deviance when they lack the
ability to conform to norms.

59. In what scenario does conformity potentially

become harmful to society?

a. When it promotes unity and cohesion

b. When it suppresses individual critical
thinking and ethical judgment
c. When people follow established laws and
traditions
d. When it encourages participation in
community activities.

60. Which of the following best illustrates the concept

of normative social influence?

a. A person changes their diet after reading

scientific research on health risks.
b. A student studies hard to achieve personal
academic goals.
c. An employee dresses formally at work to
gain acceptance from colleagues.
d. A child learns language by imitating parents'
speech patterns.