P M Math
but not symmetric.
[VIII] Show that the relation p on R defined by '𝜌 = {la, b) ∈
ℝ × ℝ |a≤ b} is reflexive, transitive but not symmetric.
[IX] Let 𝜌 be a relation on ℝ defined by 𝜌 {(a, b) ∈ ℝ × ℝ |
a2 + b2 = 1}. Prove that 𝜌 is not an equivalence relation.
[X] Show that the relation R defined on the set A of all
polygons in a plane as R = {(P1, P2): P1 and P2 have same
number of sides} is an equivalence relation. What is the
[I] If A = {1, 2, 3} then the relation R= {(1, 1),(2, 2),(3, 3), set of elements in A related to the right angled triangle T
(1, 3), (3, 2),(1, 2)} on A is with sides 3, 4 and 5?
(A) symmetric, transitive but not reflexive
(B) reflexive, symmetric but not transitive [XI] Let 𝜌 be a relation defined on ℕ as 𝜌 = (x, y) ∈
(C) transitive, reflexive but not symmetric ℕ × ℕ |2x+y = 41}. Prove that this relation is neither
(D) an equivalence relation. reflexive nor symmetric, not evern transitive.
[II] If A = {1, 2, 3} then the relation R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (1, 2), [XII] Justify each of the following
(2, 1), (1, 3)} on the set A is (a) The relation 𝜌 defined on ℤ by 𝜌 = {(a, b) ∈ ℤ ×
(A) reflexive (B) symmetric ℤ|a-b = 5} is none of reflexive, symmetric and
(C) transitive (D) none of these. transitive.
(b) The relation 𝜌 defined on ℝ by 𝜌 = {a, b) ∈
[III] If A = {a, b, c, then the relation R = {(a, a), (b, b), (c, c),
ℝ × ℝ|a > b = 0 } is symmetric and transitive but
(b, c), (a, b)} on the set A is
not reflexive.
(A) reflexive but not symmetric
(B) symmetric but not reflexive (c) The relation 𝜌 defined on ℤ by 𝜌 = {(a, b) ∈
(C) tranisitive but not symmetric ℤ × ℤ|a − b = 0 or 2 or − 2} is reflexive symmetric
(D) symmetric and transitive. but not transitive.
(d) The relation 𝜌 defined on ℚ by 𝜌 = {(a, b) ∈
[IV] The relation R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (4, 4),(1, 2), (1, 3), (2, ℚ × ℚ|a − b = 0 or 5} is reflexive but neither
3)} on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4} is symmetric nor transitive.
(A) reflexive (B) symmetric (e) The relation 𝜌 defined on ℤ by 𝜌 ={(a, b) ∈
(C) transitive (D) an equivalence ℤ × ℤ|a − b =0 or 5} is symmetric but neither
reflexive nor transitive.
[V] A is a finite set of n elements. The number of relations (f) The relation 𝜌 defined on ℤ by 𝜌 = {(a, b) ∈
from the set A into itself is ℤ × ℤ|a − b is an even integer} is reflexive
(A) 2n (B) n2 symmetric and transitive.
2 𝑛
(C) 2𝑛 (D) 22
[XIII] What is the smallest equivalence relation on the set
[VI] A relation R on the set of all real numbers R is defined A = {1, 2, 3}
by, 'for any x, y ∈ ℝ, x Ry holds if and only if |x -y|≤1: Then
R is [XIV]
(A) reflexive, symmetric but not transitive (a) Let 𝜌 be a relation defined on ℤ by, 'a 𝜌 b ⇔ (a-
(B) reflexive, transitive but not symmetric b) is divisible by n' where n is given positive integer.
(C) reflexive, transitive but not symmetric Prove that 𝜌 is an equivalence relation on ℤ.
(D) an equivalence relation. (b) A relation 𝜌 on the set ℤ of integers is defined as
follows: 'å 𝜌 b holds ⇔ the number (a - b) is
divisible' by n, where n is a given positive integer, a,
[VII] Let a relation 𝜌 on ℝ be defined as: (a, b) ∈ 𝜌 if and
b ∈ ℤ. Prove that 𝜌 is an equivalence relation on ℤ.
only if 1 + ab > 0, for all a, b ∈ ℝ Prove that 𝜌 is reflexive,
symmetric but not transitive. [XV] Let ℕ be the set of natural numbers and p be a
Show that the relation 𝜌 on ℝ defined by relation on ℕ × ℕdefined by, '(a, b) 𝜌 (c, d) iff ad(b + c) =
' 𝜌 = {la, b) e ℝ x ℝ a ≤ b} is reflexive, transitive bc(a+d)’. Prove that 𝜌 is an equivalence relation.
