E MAGNETICS: PART 2

Concept Application Exercise 1u

1.(b)T=MBsin
t= 200x0.25 x sin 30° = 25 Nxm
2.(c) If pole strength, magnetic moment and
=5. =V5x10"x (0.1 =5x10 Tesla
length of each part 4T
are m',M' and L'respectively then
11. M = 4x 0.21 =
0.84 Am
and M 7x 0.12 = 0.84 Am
Let M be the magnetic moment of the combination of two
magnets placed at right angles to each other. Then,

M-M+M =y(0.84)* +(0.84)' =I.19Am

12. The two magnets are placed as shown in figure.
, m'=m l ' = L , L':
1
M'= B2
3.(b) T= MxB T = 50i x(0.5i +3) 0.4m-

= 150(i x)= 150X N xm S M, =96 Am2 N

4.(C) T=MBsin6 T« sin6 20.3m 2
sin 6, sin 90°

sin0, t/2 sin8, M2=81 Am

sin8, 0, =30°
2
Angle ofrotation =90°-30° = 60°
S.(b) W=MB(1 The
-cos@)=2x0.1x(1-cos90°) =0.2J point P lies on axial line of both the magnets.
6.(a) Let B, and B, be the magnetic fields at the
M =mL =4x10x10 =0.4Axm* magnets S , and N,S, respectively. Then,
point P due to the
.(a) New magnetic moment
B- 2M10x2x96
M-2M 2mL 2x0.5x 31.4 x 10 = 0.1 amp x m 4T 3x10T (along PX)
3.14 (0.4)
.(d) Magnetic potential at a distance d from the bar magnet on and B, =o.-M10x2x81
its axial line is 4T
=
6x 10 T (along PY
given by (0.3)
M Therefore, resultant magnetic field the
V-4 T d V«M » at
point P,
B=B+B =y(3x 10*} +(6x 10*)
V_ M
MI4 V,K=! = 6.71x 10T
If the direction of B makes & with the X-axis (or
an
angle
N,S), then
9.b) B a 2MB = 10" x =24x10T
47 d (0.1) tan& Ox10
10. (d) B 3x10
B2 or 63.4°
13. Here, M 2.4x 10 Am; B 0.15 T and 0= 60°
=
=
N
B, Work done to turn the magnet
through an angle 6,
W MB(1-cos 6)
R- 0.1m - - 0 . 1 m -1

W 2.4x 10 x0.15x (1-cos60°)

From figure B= B +
B, =
3.6x 10 ((-0.5) =1.8x10 J
178
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Physics
MB sin (90-6)
=
AB cos
MB cos = 6 in?p
Torque necded to maintain the magnet in the position, Torque of current
=

m =
pAa
ia'B cos
Mass of each side
=

T MBsin6=2.4x10% x0.15sin 60°

=
2mgSin 6+mg a sin
=3.6x10 x0.866 =3.12x 10* Nm Torque of gravity
14. Here, m = 14.4 Am; B = 0.25 T, 2/ = 25 cm = 0.25 m sin
The magnet is held in equilibrium at 60° to the direction of the
2mg a sin 6=2 pA gat
should be same laB cos 6=2 pA eo?.
magnetic field B by applying force Fas shown in figure. Now both torques sin 8
cot
2pAg
IB
N M and B is
4-1 - A -| -
7.(c) Angle between

For the equilibrium of the magnet, Fx ON = MB sin 6 8. (a) M= NIAÀ = 1 x 10x 0.1 x 0.1 icos60°-kcos 30 )
or Fxl= (mx 2/)Bsin60° 0.05( - V3k)A-m?
or F 2mBsin60° =2x14.4 x0.25 x sin60° =6.24 N 9. (b) L is along the axis of rotation but M is opposite to it as it
If the force is removed, magnet will tend to align itself along is negative charged.
the magnetic field.
IAB
Concept Application Exercise 2
10.(b) i-MxB--hxB-)- ) deftward)
1. (a) Loss in potential energy = gain in kinetic energy 11. M=nlA 100 = x 0.1 x Tx (0.05) = 7.854 x 10 Am?
W= MB(cos 6 cos 6,)
(-MBcos90°)-(-MBcos0°)=KE 7.854 x 10 x 1.5 (cos 0° - cos 180°)

= MB = KE =rR^Bl = KE = 7.854 x 107x 1.5 [I - (-1)] =0.2356 J

12. Period of revolution of electron
2. (a) Torque acting on it is zero.
x0.53 x 10-10
3.(a) TmxB =1,tkx j-i T=27t27
= = 1.448 x 10-ls
2.3x10
The orbital motion of electron is equivalent to current,
4. (a) T= MxB= NiABsin 6j
(direction of torque is along y-axis because M and B are 1.6x10-1 = 1.105x 10 A
in x-z plane) 1.448 x 1016
for N=1,A =a',i=i,B = B,0 = 30° (angle between M Therefore, magnetic moment of the revolving electron,

and B) M=IA=IxTr = 1.105x 10 xrx(0.53 x 10-0

7ia B =9.75 x 10*Am

5. (a) Magnetic moment M = ari i and B= 3i + 4j 13. Ifmis pole strength, then m=
= MxB=nr (3i-41 When the wire is bent into a semicircular arc, the separation
will be along the direction shown. between the two poles changes from / to 2r, where r is radius
of the semicircular arc. Since l =tr or r=/, the new magnetic
moment of the steel wires,

M'=mx2r=4
(3,4) T
14. The magnetic moment of the electron in a hydrogen atom is
X
given by
eh
M=-
Hence, the point about which the loop lifts up will be: (3, 4) 47tm
The magnetic moment vector of the electron is directed along
6. (a) Leta is the side of square.
normal to the plane of the electron orbit.
When the atom is placed in the magnetic field B, such
M
plane normal to the electron orbit i.e., the magnetic momel
vector of the electron makes an angle of 30° with the magnc
he
induction B, the magnitude of the torque experienced by
orbiting electron is given by

T=l MBsin30°= Bx-=_ehB

mg 2mg 47Tm 8tm
 tics: Part 2
MOgielCS:P a r t
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that the rod is rotated at const angular speed wabout

Suppose
perpendicular axis ZZ through its centre tan6 M M 2 0= tan =
15.
the

6. (b) B, = Bsin p =B=- B=- = 2B,

Sin sin 45

mO **
Om
7. (a)
N
BA ABH
N2
W E
B
Z' S
Angular momentum of the system of two particles about zz'.
Horizontal
N and N2 are two nullpoints. And B, =

L =mRo+ mR°o =2mR o ...(i) component of earth's magnetic field

B = Magnetic field due to bar magnet.
When the rod is rotated, the two charged particles move along
a circular path of radius R with linear speed Ro. If Tis
period B=_B-2H
of revolution of the rod, then a charge equal to q crosses any 8. (6) B,,= Bcosp » B=_u cos 30 3
COsp
point on the circular path after every half revolution i.e., after
9.(c) By using B, = Bcos p
a time,

cosp=
0.4
0.4
Thus, the rotational motion of the charged particles is
tan = 0.4)-(0.22)
equivalent to a current,
0.22
0.22
p tan"(1.518)
10. (a) In given case H and H, are perpendicular to each other.
Therefore, the magnetic moment of the system,

M=IA =xTR = qR o From figure tan =

.(ii)

Dividing Eq. (ii) by (i), we have

tan"| H
M R 1. tan8= _ 0.2 0.5774
L 2mR 2m
BA 0.3464
Concept Application Exercise 3 8 =30°

1.0) B, =V,also total intensity B= B+V; »B=v2B, Now, B=Bcosd

(a) At poles magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface of or B= 0.34640.4G
cOso cos 30°
earth.
3.(e) At neutral point 12. In first case: At the neutral point on axial line of a short magnet,
Magnetic field due Magnetic field due
to earth
tomagnet
10 X2X-0.38x10
47 5x10=10xo=5x10
or r 0.0263
d=0.3 m=: m
r 29.7x 10 m = 29.7 cm
deflected
As they enter the magnetic field of the earth, they are In second case: At the neutral point on equatorial line of a short
away from the equator.
magnet,
5.(c)
H
4T
MB
BH
Or 10 x50.38 x10
Mnet
Met
=0.0132
2M
or r= 23.6x 10 m = 23.6 cm
 5.180
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Physics
At the neutral point, the horizontal component.
13. At the neutral point on equatorial line of a short magnet, arth
magnetic field (B4) is
balanced by the
horizontal oo
componen
Ho
47
B of the magnetic field due to the magnet.
Let m(= 1 Am) be the pole strength of the magnet
Magnetic field due to Npole of the magnet at the n
Or
10xM = 0.38 x 10 neutra
(12.5 x10 point P2
m_10x1
or M-0.38x10 x(12.5x10 -= 0.74 4T (NP (0.06)
10
2M 10'x2x0.74 Magnetic field due to S-pole of magnet at the
neutal
(a) Now, Baa point P2
(12.5x10)
= 0.76 x 10T = 0.76 G B, 4T (SP,Y
Since at a point on the axial line, By and Bxial are in the same
Now, SP = (NS + (NP, = V(0.08) + (0.06) = 0.lm
direction, total magnetic field, O.Im
B=
Baxial B=0.76 +0.38 = 1.14 G
+
(b) When the magnet is turned through 180°, neutral points will B 10 10'T (along P$)
be obtained on axial line. (0.1
Now, at the neutral point on axial line of a short magnet, The magnetic field B, makes an angle 8 with the horizontal
table.
Ha2B
47 B, Therefore, component of feld B, along the horizontal

or =
10 x2x0.740.38 x10* =B,cos6= B, x=10x0.06
or r 3.895x10 0.6x10 T (along P2)
or r= 0.157 m= 15.7 cm Therefore, net horizontal component of the field of magnet
14. A point on equator lies on the equatorial line of magnet and at
a distance equal to radius of the earth.
=
B, -B, cos 6 =2.78 x 10 -0.6x10
Here, B = 0.3 G = 0.3 x 10% ; r=6.4 x10° m = 2.18x10"T (along P2S)
At the neutral point, B, = B, - B, cos6 =2.18x 10T

For a short bar magnet, B M

47T
Concept Application Exercise 4
or 0.3x10 10xM
(6.4 x10° 1.(c) Theory based 2. (d) Theory based
3. (c) Theory based 4. (d) Theory based
or M 7.864x10 Am? 5. (a) Theory based 6. (c) Theory based
The point at the north pole of the earth lies on its axial line at a 7. (a) Theory based 8. (b) Theory based
distance equal to radius of the earth. 9. (c) Theory based 10. (d) Theory based
For a short bar magnet, 11. (c) Theory based 12. (a) Theory based
13. (d) Theory based 14. (c) Theory basedd
Bual2Bqui(at the same distance) 15. (b) Theory based 16. (b) Theory based
2 x0.3 =0.6 G 17. (c) Theory based 18. (b) Theory based
15. Here, 8=3.5° west of geographic north, 6= 18° and By =0.40 G 19. (c) Theory based 20. (a) Theory based
Now, By=Bcos
or
B= 0.40 = 0.42 G
NCERT LEVEL EXERCISES
coso cos18°
Thus, magnetic field at the place is 0.42 G making an angle of 18° Subjective Type
with the horizontal in magnetic meridian, where the magnetic 1. relative permeability of a material is
meridian is 3.5° west of geographic meridian.
The
its absolute
defined as the raio
16. The neutral point will be obtained at the permeability to the absolute permeability of vacuu
point P2 on the
horizontal table as shown in figure. Mathematically, 4, = *

The relative ilhiy

permeability (4,) and the magnetic suscepu
are related to each other as
4, = 1+
B2sin6 Xm
2. The
susceptibility of a material is defined as the raio the

B2 intensity of magnetisation () to the

Ke magnetic intensity
-N
SBP B,cose N Xm H
 etics: Part2
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S.181
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Thus, greater thevalue of susceptibility of a

material,
ill be the value of intensity of magnetisation for it i.e.,greater
15. Here, B, = 0.22 T: By = 0.38 T
more
nsily it can be magnetised. Thus, greater value of susceptibility Now, B= B, + B, =
V0.22) +(0.38) = Vo.1928 = 0.44 T
for iron means that iron can be magnetised more casily than
16. Here, By =
B
copper

A pOssible explanation can be the phenomenon of radioactivity.

Now, anðB =1
The magnetic field at a point on the equatorial line of the
4.
magnetic dipole (earth as magnetic dipole) is given by
Or 8=45°
17. The exact explanation is beyond the scope of the book.
B= Here, M =8x 10 JT-'
47 r
However, it may be said that when a material has a, >> 1, thee
r=6.4 x 10" m (radius of the earth) ficld lines meet the material nearly normally.
and
18. Here. B, = V3 B,
B=10 x8X10
10*)=0.3x10-T=0.3G
(6.4 x B B
It is really of the order of the observed field of the earth.
Now,
tan BB,3
. The magnetic field lines of the earth would seem to come out of Or 830°
the ground. It is because, Melboume (Australia) is in southern
19. Here, 1
hemisphere.
6 At large distances, the earth's magnetic field gets modified
B2
by the fields produced by the motion of ions in the earth's Now, Cos
ionosphere.
1. Yes, it changes with time. After a few hundred years, the earth's or 8=45
magnetic field undergoes an appreciable change. 20. Here. 8= 60°; B, = 0.3x 10T
& Analysis of the rock magnetism (earth's magnetic field gets
B, = BcosÑ
recorded in certain rocks during solidification though weekly) Now,
provides clues to geomagnetic history.
B= -0.3x10_0.3x10
9. The earth's magnetic field is only approximately dipole field. or 0.6x 10T
cosd cos60 0.5
The local N-S poles may be oriented due to the different deposits
of magnetized minerals. 21. Here, By = 0.2 G; B = 0.4 G
10. Properties of paramagnetic substances. 1. When placed in a Now, B =B cos
magnetic field, a paramagnetic material gets feebly magnetized
along the direction of the field. 2. It obeys Curie's law in
Or
cos6 9=0.5
magnetism. or S=60°
Properties of diamagnetic substances. 1. When placed in a
22. A compass needle is free to rotate in horizontal plane. while a
magnetic field, a diamagnetic substance gets feebly magnetized dip needle can freely rotate in vertical plane.
in a direction opposite to that of the field. 2. It does not obey
The earth has only vertical
Curie's law. component of its field at the
magnetic
1. Yes, the magnetisation of a paramagnetic materials depends on
magnetic poles. The vertical component of earth's field will exert
torque on the magnetic needle so as to align it along its direction.
emperature. The atoms of a paramagnetic material possess small
As the compass needle cannot rotate in vertical
magnetic dipole moments, but these atomic dipoles are randomly plane, it will rest
oriented. When an external magnetic field is applied, the
horizontally, when placed on the magnetic north pole of the earth.
On the other hand, the dip needle will come to rest
nagnetic dipoles try to align, but the thermal agitation hampers 23. Curie temperature of
along the vertical.
salt iron is 770°C and the temperature of earth
tne alignment. Hence, the magnetisation of a paramagnetic increased by 6° C km". Since the radius of earth is 6400 km,
depends on the temperature. the temperature of the iron core of earth will be so
12. weak field of the order of 10-12 T can cause
the charged cannot retain magnetüsm.
high that it
paricles to move along circular paths of very large radii. Over Hence, such a theory is not acceptable.
24. 1. The area of the
hysteresis loop
for steel is larger than that
Snal distance, we may not be able to notice the deflection for soft iron. On account of this, the loss of
but over large interstellar energy per unit
Ue path of the charged particles volume in case of steel will be much
larger as
compared to that
distance, the deflection is quite noticeable in case of soft iron, when
13. T an isolated north
they
are taken over a
complete cycle
nagnetic field line is the path along which field
of magnetisation.For this reason, soft iron is used to make the
wil tend to move, ifit is free to do Two magnetic so.
do so,
core of a transformer. 2. The
coercivity for steel is very large
cannot intersect each other. It is because, fieldthey
if
Will have
as
compared to that for soft iron. For this reason, steel is used
t h e point of intersection, the magnetic to make the
permianent magnets.
two lirections along the tangents to the two field lines.
25. The main use of the study of
The magnetic needle does not experience any net force and hysteresis curve of a material is
that it gives an estimate of the
move towards hysteresis loss. Moreover, the
the cork will not
eedle together with study of the hysteresis curve helps in knowing the retentivity and
the north of needle is inclined to the
the lake. wever, if the coercivity of the material. Their knowledge helps
in selecting
netic meridian, a torque will act on the needle and after a proper materials for making the core of transformers, permanent
the magnetic
Meraaions, the needle will set itself along magnets and electromagnets.
dian.
S.182
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mo ************* Physc
8x10
The material used for making a permanent magnet should
10 (6.4 x10° =0.3x10 T=0.3G
26. B
possess high value of coercivity and also a
reasonable value of
the retentivity. Moreover, the area of hysteresis curve should also
It is really of the order of the observed field of the eanh
be large. A permanent magnet is never taken through a complete 33. (a) As explained earlier, material A is paramagnetic and mate
cycle of magnetisation and hence the large area of hysteresis atena
curve will not be a demerit of such a material. Steel and alnico B is ferromagnetic.
(b) The intensity of magnetisation of a paramagnetic materal
fulfil all these requirements. inversely proportional to its absolute temperature. Theref
27. It can be done by surrounding the region with soft iron rings. variation of intensity of magnetusation with temperaturef
Magnetic field lines will be drawn into the ring and the enclosed
the material A will be as shown in figure.
space will be free of magnetic field.
28. If on bringing different ends of the two bars close to each other,
they produce repulsion in some case, then both the iron bars are
magnetized. Otherwise, one bar is magnetized and the other is
simply iron bar. To find out which one is magnetized, call one
bar as A and the other as B. Place bar B on table. Bring one end
of bar A close to the one end of bar B. The bar A will experience
T
attraction. Now, move the bar A to the middle of bar B. If A 34. (a) Paramagnetic materials have a small positive susceptibility
experiences no force, then A is iron bar and B is magnetized. On while diamagnetic materials have a small negative
the other hand, if bar A experiences force, then A is magnetized susceptibility. Therefore, materialA is paramagnetic and
and B is iron bar. material B is diamagnetic.
29. (a) We know, T= MB sin 6 b) The susceptibility of a diamagnetic substance does not change
Therefore, torque on the dipole will be maximum, when with temperature for practical purposes. Therefore, variaion
sin i s maximum i.e., equal to l or 6= 90°. of susceptibility with temperature for the material B will be
(b) Also, U=-MB cos shown in figure.
The maximum value of the potential energy of the dipole is
equal to MB. Therefore, potential energy of the dipole will
be maximum, when cos is equal to - 1 i.e., 6= 180°.
B
Now, rate of change of torque with angle of orientation,

dt_ 4(MB sin 0) MBcos =

Therefore 10
will be maximum, when cos 6 is maximum
35. We know, 4, =1+X
i.e., equal to 1 or 0=0°. Since relative permeability of the substance A is slightly greater
30. In equilibrium, a magnetic dipole always aligns itself along the than 1, it follows that its susceptibility is small positive and bence
direction of the magnetic field. When the magnetic dipole is it is a paramagnetic substance.
displaced from the equilibrium position, a restoring torque acts On the other hand, as the relative permeability of the substance
on the dipole to bring it back. Therefore, to place the dipole at B is slightly less than 1, its susceptibility is small negative and
some inclination with the field, work has to be done against the hence it is diamagnetic substance.
restoring torque. This work done is stored in the dipole as its 36. Yes, a paramagnetic sample with saturated magnetisation wil
potential energy. have the same order of magnetisation as the magnetisation of a
31. The work done to rotate a bar magnet from its initial position
6 0, to the final position 6 = 0, is given by
ferromagnetic substance. However, the saturated magnetisanon
will require magnetizing field too high to achiever. Further, there
W M B(cos6,-cos0,) may be a minor difference in the strengths of the atomic dipoles
of paramagnetic and
where i s angle, which the magnet (or M) makes with the ferromagnetic materials.
37. In iron, the atomic magnetic dipoles are randomly oriented in
direction of magnetic field (B).
the form of small domains, such that the net
() Here, 6, = 0° and 6, = 180° magnetic momeu
of the specimen is zero. It becomes magnet only on applym
W MB(cos0°-cos180) =
MB =[1-(-1)]=2MB an external magnetic field. When an external field is
applied
the magnetic dipoles align along the direct iron of the field anu
(i) Here, 6, = 0° and 6, = 90°
the specimen becomes magnet as it now possesses non-zer

W=MB(cos0°- cos90°) = MB = [1-0]= MB magnetic dipole moment.

38. At 1000°C, which is
quite above the Curie temperarure tor i
32. The magnetic field at a point on the equatorial line of the
(770° C), the iron will behave as paramagnetic. Hence, iroD
magnetic dipole (earth as magnetic dipole) is given by
B M magnet on heating to 1000°C and then cooled, will not retan
its magnetism.
4TT 39. No, the permeability of a ferromagnetic material depends up
the applied magnetic field. Its value is large for the small values
Here, M=8x10PJT- of the applied field. The
graph between B and H is of the snu
and r=6.4x10' m (radius of the earth) as shown in
figure. It follows that the value of Bis quite
for a comparatively small value of H.
MOgnelICS: Part 2 S.183
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M=2M=V2m
7. (b) W = MB(cos0" - cos 90") = MB(1--0) = MB

-Ho C |Ho_ W, MB(cos0" -cos60") =MB1

+H H
W 2W, n = 2

8. (d) In magnetic dipole, force o

40, Ceramics are used ror coatung magnetic tapes in a cassette
Hence new force == = 0 . 3 N
player or for building memory stores in a moderm computer.
Ceramics are specially treated barium iron oxides and are als0
called ferrites. 9. (a) Magnetic moment of bar M =10'J/TT
A1. The core of a transformer undergoes cycles of magnetisation
B-22M
again and again. During each cycle of magnetisation, energy 4T
numerically equal to the area of the hysteresis loop is spent per
unit volume of the core. Therefore, for high efficiency of the Hence work done W = M.B = 10* x 4x10xcos60°=0.2J
10. (b)
transformer, the energy loss will be lesser, if the hysteresis loop
is of lesser area i.e., narow. Since soft iron has narrow hysteresis MA
loop, it should be used as the core of a transformer. Mnet

STATE LEVEL EXERCiSES N

M
Single Correct Answer Type
1.(C)T= MB sin 6 = 48x25 x 10 x0.15x =0.9 Nxm Mn M+M =
V2M
11. (b) Suppose magnetic field is zero at point P, which lies at a
2M
2) B and B, M As B, =
B distance x from 10 unit pole. Hence at P
10 unit 40 unit

Hence or202
-X -(30-X)
30 cm
3. (o) Work done W = MB, (1-cos@)
Ho 10 40 x=10 cm
20x0.3(1-cos 30°) =6| |-s-5) 4T 47T (30-x
So from stronger pole distance is 20 cm.
4.(a) W=MB(cos 6-cos 6,) =MB(cos 0°- cos 60°) (b)T= MB sin 6
12. =
(mL)Bsin
MB1 MB =
(40 x 10x10)x2x 10 x sin 45
=
0.565 x10 N-m
13. (a) Potential energy U -MB cos6 Ua= MH(ate=
and T= MBsin =
MBsin 60" MB = =
180°)
14. (a) B =0.3 Oersted, I 0.6 Oersted =

48 =Vaw We have
5. (c) B, =I cos p cosp

p 60
15. (b)
2L -L -L NA BHA ABA
Pole strengh of each part = m
M' =m'L'=mL W N
of each part
=
Magnetic moment =

6.(c) S YB
16. (d) At broad side-on
position B=
d

M
sN
MY
S.184 ***************** ~***
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32. (b) Because, diamagnetic
substance, moves from Stro.

weaker field. tronger

17.(c)B=B +B=B, =B-B, =y0.5-(0.3 =0.4
33. (b)
magnetic field to
With rise in temperature their magnetic susceptihi.
y
Now tan p= -
tan decreasesi.e. X.
18. (a) Horizontal component B, = Bcosp 34. (c) Diamagnetic substances are repelled by magnetic field
Total intensity of earth magnetic field B =- B
cos Archives
1.8x10 1.8x 10 2.08x 10 wh/m2 1. (c) T MBsin0 =mx(2/)x Bsin 0
cos30 3 //22
= 10 x0.1x30sin 30° =1.5x10*Nm
19. (a) The vertical component of earth's magnetic ficld is zero at
equator where angle of dip is also zero. 2.(c) T=2n, »T=vi= vw »T'=v27,
20. (d) In balance condition B, = B, tan 6 MB,
B, = v3T
3. d
0.12
0.18m

1T T2MT
4.(C)T= MB M
tan = V IfM =100 than M2 (100 19) = -
= 81
1
0= 60"
21. (d) In the sum and difference method of vibration magnetometer So 100*-7 = 1.1 17

Time period increases by 11%

1
s.(b) T-27MxB=T*E,
Here 7=Ssec.T,=- 6015sec
M 15+5 225+255 TB »
/ 40
=
| (B,)
M 15-5 225-25 4 0.1x10
(B,), = 0.36 x 10 T
22. (b) ie tan -an6, tan 30 =45
tan 6 tan 6,
6. (a) i= 2rB, tan

23.(b) T= w/12
27 MB "Pole strength x21x B 2X15x10 x3x105
4Tx10x25 Xtan45°»i=0.29 A
T wl
7.(a) T=2r -;I3 times and M
MB times
So T 3 times i.e. T3T,
T-055 8. (c) In case of tangent galvanometer as i =ktan p
24. (d) T'=-=T=<=lsec
Differentiating both side w.r.t. p

25. (c) It is due to the magnetic field produced by coil. =ksec pdi =ksec do
do
26. (a) Neon atom is diamagnetic, hence its net magnetic moment
di
is zero. do 2a
27. (a) Soft iron is highly ferromagnetic. sin p cos sin 2p
28. (b) On heating, different domains have net magnetisation in them Hence the error in the measurement will be least when
which are randomly distributed. Thus the net magnetisation
sin2p = max = 1 =»2p =90° »p = 45"
of the substance due to various domains decreases to
minimum. 9. (a) T'=4
29. (b) Repelled due to induction of similar poles.
30. (d) From the characteristic of B-H curve.
31. (c) The property of paramagnetism is found in these substances
whose atoms have an excess of electrons spinning in the same
10. (c) B)60/10(B,),
V(B,),
60/20 36 x10
direction. Hence atoms of paramagnetic substances have a
net non-zero magnetic moment of their own. (B,) =144x 10 T
MagneticS: Part 2
*****"*** **********************.
**********************"**.s.* *** * ** ******** S.185
************ -.. ***********************************

i tan itan ^<= tan 3 2

i, 0=6amp
23. (c) The energy lost per unit volume of a substance in a complete
tan. tan 60 amnp cycle of magnetisation is equal to the area of the hysteresis

l I n tangent galvanometer experiment. The plane of the coil loop.

24. (a) A diamagnetic rod set itself perpendicular to the field if free
firstly set in the magnetic meridian.
to rotate between the poles of a magnet as in this situation
Ifm4 times. the field is strongest near the poles.
13.(c) T* *

Ttimesie T-=lsc N
S

tan& m,L, " 2 tan45°

14.(0) M. tan&, m,L tan 6, m, 1 tan 30° 25. (b) Diamagnetic substances are repelled by the magnetic field.
15.(b) B-B, tan6 = 0.34 x 10" tan 30° = 1.96x 1 0 T 26. (d) Net nmagnetic induction B = B, + B = 4,H + oM
B
16.(b) io tan o 1 - ang 27.(d) 4, = 4
tan
28. (c) Susceptibility of diamagnetic substance is negative and it
0.1 tan 30°
tan6 0 3 , =0.3A does not change with temperature.
29. (d) When a ferromagnetic material is heated above its curie
17.(a) As T«vI; where I = moment ofinertia temperature then it behaves like paramagnetic material.
wL
T w (w= Mass of magnet) JEE EXERCISES
12
Ifwquadrupled, then T doubled i.e. T'=2T Single Correct Answer Type

18.(b) T=21 where I=W(L+b) 1. (a) As the compass needle is free to rotate in a horizontal
BA 12
plane and points along the magnetic meridian, so when it is
(W= Mass of magnet) pointing along the geographic meridian, it will experience
a torque due to the horizontal component of earth's
T « VW, If W-> four times then T > two times
magnetic field i.e. t = MB, sin 6 where 6 =angle between

19.() TE.Bcose B,cos geographical

B, cos, Magnetic mBH
meridian
) cos60
20. (c) Time period of combination

T 272 M.H 27 ...0)

M mPH
and magnetic meridians called angle of declinationn
N

and time period of each magnet N M So, sin6= 1.2x10= 0=30"

60x40x10
= 30"

T' 2n ...(i) 2. (c) Net magnetic field at mid-point P, B= B, + B,

where B =
magnetic field due to N-pole
from i) and (ii) we get
B,= magnetic field due to S-pole
T 2/4
2T BB, =Ao m
47T 0.1m
P
21. (b) B= B, tan = B, tan e =10x_0.01
= 4x10 T
s B
i=2 B tan 2x0.1x4X10=1.1A
10x 4Tx 10-7
2
2.A S we know for circulating electron magnetic moment BAe8x10- T
.(i) 3. (c) In CG.S. Bai9=* ..)
M=evr
and angular momentum J = mvr ...i) M 8M
e
Bequaterial ..(ii)
From Eqs. (i) and (ii) M=
.186 e** ** ***************** ********************* ******
PySics
*****.

From Eqs. (i) and (i) cquaicnal Gauss. W'= MB(cos60°

-

cos90°) =
M

M
4. (d) I= given mass = 1 gm = 10°kg MB-10 = 0.8J = 0.8x 10' ergs
V nass/density

and density = 5gm/cm n = - X10 Kg =5x 10'kg/m 10.(b) =z,7

T
(10 )'m
6x10 x 5x10
Hence 1.2x10X300 200 K
Hence I = -=3x 10
10 L.8x10
11. (b) The resultant magnetic moment can be calculated as follou
5. (c) For short bar magnet in tan A-position ollows
H = Htan8 . ..i) Mhat 2M
4 d M
When distance is doubled, then new deflection 0' is given NM
by
2M
12. (b) Magnetic needle is a dipole which is in earth's uniform
= H tan 6' ..(ii) magnetic field and as a dipole in a uniform field does nat
47 (2dy
experience any net force but may experience a couple as
tan 1
'=uno_tan 60° 3 shown in figure, so the needle together with the cork will
tan
tan 6 8 8 8 8 not translate i.e. move towards the north of the lake, but will
rotate and set itself parallel to the field with its north pole
6= tan 3 pointing north.
8

6. (a) E= nAVi = nA m = 50x 250x10x3600 x 10* J AN

W mBH
7.5 x 10 E
7.(d) From figure S

A B
2
13. b)
T5"MBA T-
If M, =100 then M, = (100-36) =64

sin So-- T,- 1.25T

So % increase in time period = 25%
x = rsin

14. (a). 5 +
Hence new magnetic moment M'= m(2x) = m.2rsin
2
(15 -v
2 62ml sin /2 2M sin(T /6) 3M V= 10 oscillations/min
m.sin 6 n13 15. (d) Due to wood moment of inertia of the system becomes twic
but there is no change in magnetic moment of the system
8. (c) K=2r8
Hence by using T =21, »T« vT=T=v2T
VMB,
or n=
2rB 2x0.1x3.6x10 1.8x10 570 16. (a) Point P lies on equatorial line of magnet (1) and axial line
LK 4TK10x10x10 3.14
of magnet (2) as shown

(1)
9. (a) W= MB(cos6, -cos0.)
When the magnet is rotated from 0° to 60°, then work done N
s 0.8 J
MB
0.8 MB(cos0°-cos60°) = -
2 B . - -

N S
(2)
MB =1.6N-m
In order to rotate the magnet through an angle of 30°, i.e., I0000.11T
B,AT d =10"x
R -

from 60° to 90°, the work done is (0.1'

MOgneiCS: P a r t 2 S.187
n *********** * ********** . *************************

. ****

B- =10x2x1000_ 20. (d) Initially

ABH
B B -B, =0.1 T W E
YB

and at neutral point

.)T=2TMH Oreachpart andmagneticmor Neutral point obtained on equatorial line
8,1=8
ofeach part =So net MI of system = x 6 a n d net Horizontal component of earth's magnetic
where BA its equatorial
Magnetic field due to bar magnet on
field, B, =

magnetic m o m e n t
= -zM M _ line
6 6
Finally
.. Time period of the system BH
I/36 Ba
T=2TM13)H23"\MH 2/3 P

axial line of the magnet and at P, net

Point P comes on
18.)With respect to 1 magnet, P lies in end side-on position
magnetic field

(RHS) B=+B y28, +(B, =

=
y(28,)+B vs B, =

21. (c) Initially magnetic moment of system

2m -

B2 v2M and moment of inertia

M, M+M = =

B1 =I+ =2/
1m Finally when one of the magnet is removed then

With respect to 2 magnet, P lies in broad side on position. M, =Mand 1, =1

B 4TP) Upward) So T 27
"M B
B,=10x-2x10" T,B, --10T
resultant
As B and B, are mutually perpendicular, hence the
magnetic field

V(2x10)} +(10-¥ v5x107

T =

B, VB+B =

or
19.(d)
23. (b) Relation for dipole moment is M = Ixv, Volume of the

2 cylinder V=Trrl, where r is the radius and l is the length

of the cylinder, then dipole moment,
- - .

N
M=Inr=(.30x10')xx0.5x103>(6x 10r*)
= 2.08 x 10 J/T
Ma
24. (b) For equilibrium of the system torques on M, and M, due to
of one another, hence
DOth the magnets are placed in the field By must counter balance each other i.e. M, x B, = M, x B, .
potential energy of dipole (2) is
2M If i s the angle between M, and Bs will be (90-0); so
-M,B, cos0= -M,B,
=
M, x47T r M,B, sin= M,B, sin(90-0)

1s
magnet (2)
By using F=-*, Force
dr
on
tan-=
M,
=tan
3 M N1.5x10X2XI0=3x 10' Amp/m

Fe4
|F|=|F=F=4 97
26. (c) In equilibrium B, B, tan =

t canbe proved
S..188
********************************************************************
*n*******************************"********************
* * * * * * ******

Physics
******************

V
V
i.e. sin a
Ba tanP2Hsin a Htan p,

and (ii), we get

Squaring and adding (i)
cos a + a - tan' + tan )
-d1 - d2

H2M 47and
Ho an =(2co1®)" ie. I(cot p, +cote.)
27. (c) Resultant magnetic moment of the two magnets is =cot p +cot 1.e. cotP= cot" p, +coto.
or

M=VM +M =
V2M
This is the required result.
31. (c) The number of atoms per unit volume in a specimen,
P
n PN
S >N A
O
For iron, p=7.8x 10 kgm",
S
=6.02 x10" /kgmol, A = 56
N
Imagine a short magnet lying along OP with magnetic
X6.02x 1026
moment equal to M/2. Thus point P lies on the axial line n=40A10

56
= 8.38x10"m
of the magnet.
Total number of atoms in the bar is
Magnitude of magnetic field at Pisgiven by B=o v
N=nV=8.38x10"x(5x10 x1x102x1x10*)
28. (a) On passing current through the coil, it acts as a magnetic
N, = 4.19x103
dipole. Torque acting on magnetic dipole is counter balanced
by the moment of additional weight about position O. Torque The saturated magnetic moment of bar
acting on a magnetic dipole

T= MBsin6=(NiA)Bsin 90" = NiAB.

=4.19x10"x1.8x102 =7.54 Am
32. (d) We have, B =
H,H +4
Again T= Force x Lever am = Amg xl

NiAB Amgl or I=H or/=H-,H_| E-1|H

Ho o
B= Amg 60x10x9.8x30x102 0.4 T I=(4, -1)H
NiA 200x22x10 x1x10
For a solenoid of n-turns per unit length and current i
29. (a) The weight of upper magnet should be balanced by the
H=ni
repulsion between the two magnets
I= (4, -1)ni =(100-1) x500x0.5
50gm-wt
4T I 2.5x10'Am
. Magnetic moment M = IV
10xm
50x10x9.8
(9x10) M 2.5x 10° x10
Am 25
m=6.64 amp x m 33. (d) The bar magnet coercivity 4x10' Am' i.e., it requires
30. (d) Let a be the angle where one of the planes makes with
magnetic intensity H=4x10' Am to get demagnetused.
the magnetic meridian and the other plane makes an angle Let i be the current caried by solenoid having
(90°-a) with it. The components of H in these planes will of turns per metre length, then by definition H = ni. Herc
n
numoc
be Hcosa and Hsina respectively. If p, and p, are the H 4x10' Amp turn metre
apparent dips in these two planes, hen
= 60
n= =
500 turn metre
0.12

i4-4x10
= 8.0 A
500
34. (c) Let M, and
M, be the magnetic moments of magnets and
the horizontal
component of earth's field.
H=Hcos a We have
V
T=
MHsin6.If pis the twist of wire, then C@
C being restoring couple
tan i.e. cos=
...i) per unit twist of wire
Hcosa H tan
M a g n e n c S ;P a r t
t2
**** ******
*********.** ...im.
***************************** ************ ***********
S.189
******

Cp=MH sin
BACOSx
Here = (180"-30")=150" =150xrad 150 80
B
o. = (270°-30") = 240" =240xrad
180 By
So.Co, =
M,H sine (For deflection 6=30" of Imagnet)
Co. =
M,H sine (For deflection 6=30" of lI magnet)
From Eqs. (i) and (ii),
tan6
Dividing M, tan6 coSX

39. (c) tan 6= .(1)

150x B
180 If apparent dip is 0 then
M.M-=-240x M,:M, =S:8 fan0 B, B,
180 tan ' B,cos30 3
%,(c)In vertical plane perpendicular to magnetic meridian. B2
tan '= tan4tan 6'> tan 6 0'>66

T-2MB ..(1) 40. (d) For a temporary magnet the hysteresis loop should be long
and narrow.
Inhorizontal plane 7= 41. (c) Magnetism of a magnet falls with rise of temperature and
27MR .ii)
becomes practically zero above Curie temperature.
Equations ) and (i) give B, = B, 42. (b) For a diamagnetic substance is small, negative and
independent of temperature.
Hence by using tan p= 43.(a) Susceptibility ofa paramagnetic substance is independent of
tan p =1>p=45 magnetising field.
44. (a) Susceptibility of a ferromagnetic substance falls with rise
6.(a) Molar susceptibility
Volume
susceptibilityx molecular weight
Density of material
of temperature and the substance becomes

paramagnetic above Curie temperature, so magnetic

xM M/V
xM susceptibility becomes very small above Curie temperature.
B
45. (b) B =4o4,H slope of B-H curve
So its unit is m. 4,*4
37. (c)
According to the given graph, slope of the graph is highest
BH point Q.
46. (b) i tan
N
BH BH
47. (b) 1BI=40.Ix10
= 2x 10% T
- - -

( Ar 0.1 sin 30

30 30
Initially Finally 40
10

initially T=2B Finally T2" m(B+B,) 0.4

48.(a) X=CX7* 7x10 57 K
where B = Magnetic field due to downward conductor
49. (b) In the given figure OQ refers to retentivity while OR refers
Ho
4 =18T
18uT to corecivity, for permanents both retentivity and corecivity
should be high.
50. (b) Intensity of magnetisation of
..
24
T'=0.076 s small and negative.
diamagnetic substance is very

51. (d) u, =1+as

S8.(a) In first case .i) H
we
knowI depends on H, initially value of
tan0= is smaller so value of u, increases with H
but slowly
By .(ii)
Second case tan6: with further increases
of H value of also increases
B, cosX H
S.190
*****************
* * * * * * * * * * * * * " * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Physics
i.e. 4, increases speedily. When material fully magnetised I 5. (9.75)
Period of revolution of electron,
becomes constant then with the increase of H(G decreases)
27x 0.53 x 10-0
=
1.448 x 10-
4, decreases. This is confirm with the option (d). 2.3x 10
52. (a) For paramagnetic substance magnetization M proportional The orbital motion of electron is equivalent to current,
to magnetisingfield H, and M is positive.
16x10-O-lo1.105x 10-A
T 1.448 x10"
Numerical Value Type
Therefore, magnetic moment of the revolving electron
1. (25.0)
M =lA =1xtr =1.105 x 10 xrx(0.53x10-o
The magnetic moment M = 5.0Am

The 9.75 x10 Am

separation between its poles 2/ =
20cm = 20x 10 m
5.0 Am 6. (1.19)
Pole strength, m=, = 25 Am M = 4 x 0.21 = 0.84 A m' and M^ = 7 x0.12 = 0.84 Am Let
20x10 m
2. (0.15) M be the magnetic moment of the combination of two magnet
placed at right angles to each other. Then,
Let m be the
pole strength of each pole.
In first case: F= 14.4x 10° N; r = 5 cm = 0.05 m M=M +M = y(0.84) +(0.84) =1.19 Am

Now, F=o.27
Xm 7. (30)
4T r
Here m =60 Am', B, = 40 uWb/m*

or 14.4x10 =10 x-_m_ 40x10 Wb/m',t =1.2x 10" Nm

(0.05) As T mB sin 6,
or m =t6Am

In second case: Let r be the distance between the poles, when

1.2x10 Nm = 0.5

force of attraction becomes F 1.6 x 10 N. mB (60 Am)(40x10 Wb/m

F'-#o.mxm Thus, 6= 30°
Now,
8. (60.0)
Here, B, =0.22 G,B, = 0.38 G.
or 1.6x10=1077xX
B 0.38
As tan o=B0.221.73,
or 0.15 m 6 =60
3. (51.0) 9. (30)
Here, M =3JT';B =
0.34 10 T;0, =0°:0, =60
x
Here, V3 B,
B,
Now, work done to rotate the magnet from the position 6, to
is given by Now, 8 = B 1

W=MB(cos6, -cos6,)
or = 30°
W=3x0.34 x10 (cos0°-cos60°)
10. (60)
= 3x0.34 x 10(1-0.5) = 5.1x 10J
Here, =60° B, = 0.3x10 T
4. (6.64)
Since lengths of both the magnets are quite large as compared Now, B, = Bcos6
to separation between them, the interaction is effective only
between their N-poles. or B 8 0.3x 10 0.3x10 =0.6x10T=60H
Let a be the strength of each pole of the two magnets. Then, coso cos60 0.5
11. (254)
Ho m Xm =
weight of the magnet
4T Here. H =1500 A/m, 0, = 2.4x 10 Wb
Here, weight of the magnet = 50 gf = 50 x 10 kgf A = 0.5 cm' =
0.5x10 m
50 x 10 x 9.8 N
and r= 3 mm = 3 x10 m
Magnetic field, B= a
A
2.4x10Wb
0.5x 10 m*
0.48 Wb/m
10 xm -= 50x 10 x9.8

(3x10 B 0.4 Wb/m=3.2x10 Tm

m = 6.64 Am
Permeability, uH 1500 A/m A
MagneticS: Part 2
5..191
************************* sins* ***

**********************

Susceptbility, X. 3.2x10
4x107255-1 - 254 ie., 240
47
x=0.4x10
12. (20) M mx7
2x10x- 0.4 x 104
f Vis volume of the magnet, then I=
(7 +183)3/2
mass 75x10
Now, V=- = 10 m 4x10x(373)/2
density 7.5x10* m=
14
2x10
20 Am M =mx14 cm = mX;
10
13. (250) 14
According to Curie's law; x = 0.04x(373)2
M =
14 100

J/T
= 4x10x7203.82 =2.88
outside
-300x 1.2x10% 4. (a) Statement (C) is correct because the magnetic field
or T'=Tx 1.44 x 10
= 250 K
the toroid is zero and they form closed loops inside the toroid
itself. Statement (E) is correct because we know that super

conductors are materials inside which the net magnetic

field
14. (584.5)
is always zero and they are perfect diamagnetic.
Mean radius of toroid, r=* =11.5 cm = 11.5 x10 m
2
4, =1+X
Therefore, number of turns per unit length of the toroid,
X=-1
total number of turns 3000 4152 x 10'm
2tr 277 x11.5x10
Now, magnetic field in the core of solenoid, B = HoH, nd 5. (d) tan8= tan Q'cos0 = tan 45°cos30°

B
or
PHonl tan-1x 2
6=tan
2.5 584.5
Or 6. (b) = 499
4Tx10x4.152x 10' x0.70

=(1+X) xHo
JEE ARCHIVES = 500 x 47x10

2Tx10 H/m
JEE (MAIN)
7. (a) With increase of temperature, domains disintegrate so
Single Correct Answer Type ferromagnetism decreases and above curie temperature it
which can be becomes paramagnet.
(d) Soft ferromagnetic materials are materials
by external magnetic 8. (b) If apparent dip circle is at an angle a with true dip circle
casily magnetised and demagnetised the domains experiences
field. When extenal field is applied, then
a net torque hence change its orientation.
True dip circle Apparent dip circle
in which magnetic moment is aligned BH BHCOS a
4-() Domain is the region
in such a way to produce saturated magnetization.
S.C) Neutral point will lie on equatorial plane
By B ByY
oAT 2
For true dip, tano = By
Bne 2B, cos 0 BH
BH
tan o'= ByBy
For apparent dip, tan
COS a cosa
7 cm
18 cm As cos a < 1, it means o'>o
3o
7 cm
True dip is less than apparent dip.

B-2 B, sin
9. (a) Based on theory
S.192 i n****************************************************
~*********************
Phyacs
*****

3. (250)
Numerical Value Type
magnetic moment (m)
M =*
1. (22)
B 4(H + I)

xH =
B=uH1
m=(P, -1)Niv
B B,1+X)
Am [(750-1)-(500-1)]Niv =
250
B-B, = B,X B-Bo
0 = (500-1)Wiv
Bo
B-Bo 100 =
100
B
5-Box100 =2.2x10 = 22 X=22
Bo

2. (8) T=
2TMB
5x10
9.85 x10 xB
B 8x10T