COLLECT INFORMATION ABOUT ROBOTICS

INTRODUCTION
Over the coming years, technological developments such as Robotics, IOT, Artificial
intelligence, smart controls are likely to have a significant impact on the world of work and
employment as well as trigger far-reaching changes. Looking towards the era in Technology
advancement, Mechanical/Automobile/Production Engineering offers the addition of new
Dynamic subjects and new versions of core subjects. Diploma
Mechanical/Automobile/Production Engineers should be familiar with new technologies
from the fields of Automobile Engineering, Energy Management, Advanced Manufacturing
Processes, Agriculture and Farm Machines, and many more. This Dynamic course will give
insight into the recent practices adopted by the Mechanical Industries and awareness of
these techniques will enhance career opportunities of Diploma
Mechanical/Automobile/Production Engineers.
Course outcome addressed
Identify different New Systems available in Automobile.
Cite examples of Modern Manufacturing Technology in industry
Proposed methodology
In this project, we know about robotics and their use in the automobile industry.

ROBOTICS

What is robotics?
'Robotics is a branch of engineering that includes the conception, design, manufacture, and
operation of robots. The goal of the robotics subject is to create clever machines that could
help human beings in plenty of ways.
Robotics can take on a number of forms. A robotic may also resemble a human, or it can be
withinside the shape of a robot application, which includes robot process automation (RPA),
which simulates how human beings have interacted with software programs to carry out
repetitive, rules-primarily based totally tasks.
While the sector of robotics and exploration of the capacity makes use of and capability of
robots have grown notably withinside the twentieth century, the concept is simply now no
longer a brand new one.
 What are Robots?
A robot is a machine in particular one programmable via way of means of a computer-able
executing a complicated collection of responsibilities with velocity and precision. It may be
guided via way of means of an outside manipulate device, or the manipulate can be
embedded within. Most robots are task-acting machines, designed with an emphasis on
stark functionality, in place of expressive aesthetics. These responsibilities may be both
autonomous, with little or impartial of human intervention. Robots are extensively utilized in
industries together with vehicle producers to carry out easy repetitive responsibilities and in
industries wherein paintings ought to be executed in environment risky to humans.

TYPE OF ROBOTS

With industries addressing a number of the demanding situations they face in today's
market, inclusive of elevated productiveness and the shortage of professional workers.
Different kinds of robots enhance operations.
Pre-Programed Robots:
Pre-programmed robots feature in a simple, controlled surroundings and they do now not
require Al control systems to feature successfully. The pre-programmed robots are those
who should be recommended earlier of time what to do and they then execute that
program. Known for its accuracy, the most familiar pre-programmed robots are the ones
used to assemble cars in most car vegetation throughout the world. These are pre-
programmed robotic hands massive enough to cope with whole motors as aleven though
they have been toy cars. These robots can pressure cars or maybe recovery cars.
Another common use of pre-programmed robots is providing clinical college students with
numerous situations that they need to diagnose and treat. These robots are programmed
with feasible eventualities and its responses to the college students' remedy is likewise pre-
programmed. For example, you ought to strive one of the remedies that the robotic is
programmed to reply to and now no longer an experimental remedy due to the fact the
robotic could now no longer recognise a way to reply. As they can not alternate their
conduct whilst they may be operating and no human is guiding their actions.
Humanoid Robots:
Humanoid robots are the robots most of us think about when we think about robots. These
robots seem like or mimic human behaviour. Humanoid robots typically carry out human-like
activities including going for walks and wearing gadgets and are occasionally constructed to
seem like and resemble human body, facial functions and expressions. The maximum
outstanding examples of humanoid robots are Hanson Robotics Sophia, Honda's Asimo,
which has a mechanical look and additionally androids just like the Geminoid series, which
can be designed to seem like people.
Autonomous Robots:
Autonomous robotics is generally taken into consideration to be a subfield of Al, robotics
and records engineering. These robots function independently, intelligently and adapt to
their surroundings with out direct human supervision. They have "autonomy" due to the fact
it's miles in the end the machine's duty to locate modifications withinside the surroundings
and to evolve to it. Autonomous robots are typically designed to perform duties in an open
surroundings that is probably changing. It isn't always important for people to continuously
screen and manage the surroundings to house boundaries withinside the self reliant robot's
capacity to cope. They are pretty particular due to the fact they use sensors to understand
the arena round them after which rent decision-making structures, usually a laptop to take
the following step.
Teleoperated Robots:
eleoperated robots are semi self reliant bots which can be managed remotely via way of
means of a human being. It is a mixture of important subfields, teleoperation and
telepresence. These robots typically work in severe geographical conditions, weather,
circumstances, etc. Teleoperated robots would possibly have a few kind of artificial
intelligence, however they generally take their command form human operator and execute
precisely as instructed. As of now, those robots are by and large utilized in scientific surgical
procedures and army operations. With the superior Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented
Reality (AR) technologies, teleoperated robots are getting into a brand new spectrum-VR and
AR managed teleoperated robots. Special emphasis might be given to the usage of such
robots withinside the scientific subject as it's far now viable in your physician to be tele
found in your hometown, even supposing he/she is on a trip.
Sr.no

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

1. Increase efficiency: Robots may be used to carry Higher Cost: Robotic automation desires excessive
 out obligations fast with better accuracy and investments for set up and maintenance. It calls for a
consistency. This facilitates automation of non-stop energy deliver to feature that entails value. The
techniques that normally takes extra time and value concerned in programming the software program
resources. is likewise significant.

2. Replace people: Robots may be utilize in duties Unemployment: If robots are working on a huge scale
which might be tough for people to handle. throughout industries, then many skillful employees
Robots can work constantly and supply higher could lose their job as robots maintain to replace human
productiveness than people beings in labor-extensive work.

3. Handle repetitive work: Some duties which might Over Dependence: Use of robots for personal functions
be taken into consideration hard and repetitive can also additionally cause a mechanical life-style
may be treated without difficulty via way of because people infrequently carry out any project on
means of robots with out fatigue and break their very own and end up lazy and unproductive

4. Improve running situations: Working situations Lack of creativity and emotions. Robots aren't a possible
may be progressed and the protection dangers alternative wherein analytical and innovative
may be decreased inside factories and competencies are required. Robots can in no way engage
manufacturing traces via way of means of like people when utilized in diverse customized services.
introducing industrial robots the human contact can be constantly missing

Classification of robotics
1. Based on Application
 Industrial Robots: Used in manufacturing, assembly lines, welding, painting, etc.
Example: Robotic arms in automobile factories.
 Service Robots: Designed to assist humans in tasks like cleaning, security, and
medical procedures. Example: Autonomous vacuum cleaners like Roomba.
 Medical Robots: Used in surgeries, patient care, and rehabilitation. Example: Da
Vinci Surgical Robot.
 Exploration Robots: Deployed for space, underwater, or hazardous environment
exploration. Example: Mars rovers.
 Military Robots: Designed for defense applications, including reconnaissance and
bomb disposal. Example: Drones.
 Humanoid Robots: Mimic human actions and behavior, often for interaction or
entertainment. Example: Sophia the Robot.
2. Based on Mobility
 Stationary Robots: Fixed in one place, often used in industrial settings.
 Mobile Robots: Capable of moving in the environment. Example: Autonomous cars.
 o Wheeled Robots: Use wheels for movement.
o Legged Robots: Use legs, such as bipeds or quadrupeds.
o Flying Robots: Drones and aerial vehicles.
o Underwater Robots: Submersible robots for deep-sea exploration.
3. Based on Autonomy
 Manual Robots: Operated by humans via remote control.
 Semi-Autonomous Robots: Perform tasks with minimal human intervention.
 Fully Autonomous Robots: Operate independently, making decisions using AI and
sensors.
4. Based on Structure
 Articulated Robots: Feature rotary joints, like robotic arms.
 SCARA Robots: Suitable for pick-and-place tasks.
 Delta Robots: Used for high-speed and precise tasks.
 Cartesian Robots: Operate in a linear fashion (X, Y, Z axes).

What are the major challenges in the field of robotics today?

 Energy Efficiency: Robots, especially mobile ones, often struggle with limited battery life
and energy inefficiency. Developing better power sources and energy-harvesting technologies
is crucial.
 Human-Robot Interaction: Ensuring robots can safely and effectively interact with humans
in shared environments, such as homes or workplaces, remains a complex challenge.
 Autonomy and Decision-Making: Creating robots that can operate independently in
unstructured environments requires advancements in artificial intelligence, perception, and
reasoning.
 Material and Design Innovations: Developing new materials and fabrication methods,
such as soft robotics or bio-inspired designs, can enhance robot functionality and adaptability.
 Ethical and Social Implications: Addressing concerns about job displacement, privacy, and
ethical use of robots is essential as they become more integrated into society.
 Cost and Accessibility: Making robotics technology affordable and accessible to a broader
audience is necessary for widespread adoption.
 Communication in Swarms: For applications like search-and-rescue or agriculture,
enabling effective communication and coordination among multiple robots is a significant
hurdle.
 Adaptability to Dynamic Environments: Robots need to handle unpredictable changes in
their surroundings, such as obstacles or varying weather conditions.

Some emerging trends that address these challenges

 Collaborative Robots (Cobots): These robots are designed to work alongside humans,
enhancing productivity and safety in shared environments. They are increasingly used in
manufacturing, healthcare, and logistics2.
 Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs): AMRs are revolutionizing material handling in
warehouses and factories by navigating dynamically and avoiding obstacles without human
intervention.
 Artificial Intelligence (AI) Integration: AI is empowering robots to make real-time
decisions, adapt to changing environments, and perform complex tasks with minimal
programming3.
 Robotics as a Service (RaaS): This model allows businesses to access robotic solutions on
a subscription basis, reducing costs and increasing accessibility.
 Edge Computing in Robotics: By processing data locally rather than relying on the cloud,
robots can make faster decisions, which is crucial for applications like autonomous vehicles
and healthcare automation.
 Humanoid Robots: These robots are becoming more advanced, with applications in
customer service, education, and entertainment.
 Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT): IoRT combines robotics with IoT, enabling robots to
communicate and collaborate with other devices, enhancing efficiency and coordination.
 Robotic Cybersecurity: As robots become more connected, ensuring their security against
cyber threats is a growing focus.

These trends applied in real-world scenarios

 Collaborative Robots (Cobots): Cobots are used in manufacturing to assist workers in
assembly lines, reducing physical strain and increasing productivity. In healthcare, they help
with tasks like physical therapy and patient lifting.
 Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs): AMRs are transforming logistics by automating
warehouse operations, such as inventory management and order picking. They are also used
in hospitals to deliver supplies and medications.
 AI-Driven Robots: In agriculture, AI-powered robots monitor crops, detect pests, and
optimize irrigation. In healthcare, robotic surgical systems like the Da Vinci robot perform
precise surgeries with AI assistance.
 Robotics as a Service (RaaS): Businesses in retail and hospitality use RaaS to deploy
robots for customer service, cleaning, and inventory tracking without high upfront costs.
 Edge Computing in Robotics: Autonomous vehicles use edge computing to process data
locally, enabling real-time decision-making for navigation and obstacle avoidance.
 Humanoid Robots: Humanoids are employed in customer service roles, such as
receptionists in hotels or guides in museums, providing interactive and engaging experiences.
 Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT): IoRT is used in smart factories where robots
communicate with IoT devices to optimize production processes and reduce downtime.

Application of robotics
 Manufacturing: Robots are extensively used for assembly, welding, painting, and quality
control in industries like automotive and electronics. They enhance efficiency, precision, and
safety.
 Healthcare: Medical robots assist in surgeries (e.g., robotic surgical systems), patient
rehabilitation, and diagnostics. They also enable remote consultations and medication
delivery in hospitals.
 Agriculture: Robots are used for planting, harvesting, weed control, and crop monitoring.
Drones equipped with sensors optimize irrigation and fertilization processes.
 Logistics and Warehousing: Autonomous robots handle inventory management, order
picking, and goods transportation, streamlining supply chain operations.
 Exploration: Robots explore environments that are hazardous for humans, such as deep-
sea terrains, space missions (e.g., Mars rovers), and disaster zones.
 Service Industry: Robots serve as customer assistants in hotels, restaurants, and retail
stores. They also perform cleaning and security tasks.
 Education and Research: Humanoid robots and educational kits help in teaching robotics
and programming, encouraging innovation and creativity.
 Military and Defense: Robots are employed for surveillance, bomb disposal, and search-
and-rescue missions in challenging environments.
 Entertainment: Robots are used in theme parks, films, and exhibitions to provide engaging
and interactive experiences.
 Household Use: Domestic robots handle cleaning, lawn mowing, and other chores,
making daily life more convenient.