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forms

HTML forms are essential for collecting data from site visitors, such as during user registration. Various form elements like text fields, checkboxes, and radio buttons can be used, and the <form> tag is utilized to create these forms with specific attributes like action and method. Different types of input controls, including single-line and multi-line text inputs, checkboxes, radio buttons, and file upload boxes, are detailed along with their respective attributes.

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lijirar723
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© © All Rights Reserved
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4 views

forms

HTML forms are essential for collecting data from site visitors, such as during user registration. Various form elements like text fields, checkboxes, and radio buttons can be used, and the <form> tag is utilized to create these forms with specific attributes like action and method. Different types of input controls, including single-line and multi-line text inputs, checkboxes, radio buttons, and file upload boxes, are detailed along with their respective attributes.

Uploaded by

lijirar723
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HTML Forms are required, when you want to collect some data from the

site visitor. For example, during user registration you would like to collect
information such as name, email address, credit card, etc.
A form will take input from the site visitor and then will post it to a back-
end application such as CGI, ASP Script or PHP script etc. The back-end
application will perform required processing on the passed data based on
defined business logic inside the application.
There are various form elements available like text fields, textarea fields,
drop-down menus, radio buttons, checkboxes, etc.
The HTML <form> tag is used to create an HTML form and it has
following syntax −
<form action = "Script URL" method = "GET|POST">
form elements like input, textarea etc.
</form>

Form Attributes
Apart from common attributes, following is a list of the most frequently
used form attributes −

Sr.N Attribute & Description


o

1
Action
Backend script ready to process your passed data.

2
Method
Method to be used to upload data. The most frequently used are GET and
POST methods.

3
Target
Specify the target window or frame where the result of the script will be
displayed. It takes values like _blank, _self, _parent etc.
HTML Form Controls
There are different types of form controls that you can use to collect data
using HTML form −

 Text Input Controls


 Checkboxes Controls
 Radio Box Controls
 Select Box Controls
 File Select boxes
 Hidden Controls
 Clickable Buttons
 Submit and Reset Button

Text Input Controls


There are three types of text input used on forms −
 Single-line text input controls − This control is used for
items that require only one line of user input, such as search
boxes or names. They are created using HTML <input> tag.
 Password input controls − This is also a single-line text
input but it masks the character as soon as a user enters it.
They are also created using HTMl <input> tag.
 Multi-line text input controls − This is used when the user
is required to give details that may be longer than a single
sentence. Multi-line input controls are created using
HTML <textarea> tag.

Single-line text input controls


This control is used for items that require only one line of user input, such
as search boxes or names. They are created using HTML <input> tag.

Example
Here is a basic example of a single-line text input used to take first name
and last name −
Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Text Input Control</title>
</head>

<body>
<form >
First name: <input type = "text" name = "first_name" />
<br>
Last name: <input type = "text" name = "last_name" />
</form>
</body>

</html>
This will produce the following result −

Attributes
Following is the list of attributes for <input> tag for creating text field.

Sr.N Attribute & Description


o

1
type
Indicates the type of input control and for text input control it will be set
to text.

2
name
Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be
recognized and get the value.

3
value
This can be used to provide an initial value inside the control.

4
size
Allows to specify the width of the text-input control in terms of characters.

5
maxlength
Allows to specify the maximum number of characters a user can enter into
the text box.

Password input controls


This is also a single-line text input but it masks the character as soon as a
user enters it. They are also created using HTML <input>tag but type
attribute is set to password.

Example
Here is a basic example of a single-line password input used to take user
password −
Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Password Input Control</title>
</head>

<body>
<form >
User ID : <input type = "text" name = "user_id" />
<br>
Password: <input type = "password" name = "password" />
</form>
</body>

</html>
This will produce the following result −

Attributes
Following is the list of attributes for <input> tag for creating password
field.

Sr.N Attribute & Description


o

1
type
Indicates the type of input control and for password input control it will be
set to password.

2
name
Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be
recognized and get the value.

3
value
This can be used to provide an initial value inside the control.

4
size
Allows to specify the width of the text-input control in terms of characters.

5
maxlength
Allows to specify the maximum number of characters a user can enter into
the text box.

Multiple-Line Text Input Controls


This is used when the user is required to give details that may be longer
than a single sentence. Multi-line input controls are created using HTML
<textarea> tag.

Example
Here is a basic example of a multi-line text input used to take item
description −
Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Multiple-Line Input Control</title>
</head>

<body>
<form>
Description : <br />
<textarea rows = "5" cols = "50" name = "description">
Enter description here...
</textarea>
</form>
</body>

</html>
This will produce the following result −

Attributes
Following is the list of attributes for <textarea> tag.
Sr.N Attribute & Description
o

1
name
Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be
recognized and get the value.

2
rows
Indicates the number of rows of text area box.

3
cols
Indicates the number of columns of text area box

Checkbox Control
Checkboxes are used when more than one option is required to be
selected. They are also created using HTML <input> tag but type
attribute is set to checkbox..

Example
Here is an example HTML code for a form with two checkboxes −
Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Checkbox Control</title>
</head>

<body>
<form>
<input type = "checkbox" name = "maths" value = "on"> Maths
<input type = "checkbox" name = "physics" value = "on"> Physics
</form>
</body>

</html>
This will produce the following result −

Attributes
Following is the list of attributes for <checkbox> tag.
Sr.N Attribute & Description
o

1
type
Indicates the type of input control and for checkbox input control it will be
set to checkbox..

2
name
Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be
recognized and get the value.

3
value
The value that will be used if the checkbox is selected.

4
checked
Set to checked if you want to select it by default.

Radio Button Control


Radio buttons are used when out of many options, just one option is
required to be selected. They are also created using HTML <input> tag
but type attribute is set to radio.

Example
Here is example HTML code for a form with two radio buttons −
Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Radio Box Control</title>
</head>

<body>
<form>
<input type = "radio" name = "subject" value = "maths"> Maths
<input type = "radio" name = "subject" value = "physics"> Physics
</form>
</body>

</html>
This will produce the following result −

Attributes
Following is the list of attributes for radio button.

Sr.N Attribute & Description


o

1
type
Indicates the type of input control and for checkbox input control it will be
set to radio.

2
name
Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be
recognized and get the value.

3
value
The value that will be used if the radio box is selected.

4
checked
Set to checked if you want to select it by default.

Select Box Control


A select box, also called drop down box which provides option to list down
various options in the form of drop down list, from where a user can select
one or more options.

Example
Here is example HTML code for a form with one drop down box
Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Select Box Control</title>
</head>

<body>
<form>
<select name = "dropdown">
<option value = "Maths" selected>Maths</option>
<option value = "Physics">Physics</option>
</select>
</form>
</body>

</html>
This will produce the following result −

Attributes
Following is the list of important attributes of <select> tag −

Sr.N Attribute & Description


o

1
name
Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be
recognized and get the value.

2
size
This can be used to present a scrolling list box.

3
multiple
If set to "multiple" then allows a user to select multiple items from the
menu.

Following is the list of important attributes of <option> tag −

Sr.N Attribute & Description


o

1
value
The value that will be used if an option in the select box box is selected.

2
selected
Specifies that this option should be the initially selected value when the
page loads.

3
label
An alternative way of labeling options

File Upload Box


If you want to allow a user to upload a file to your web site, you will need
to use a file upload box, also known as a file select box. This is also
created using the <input> element but type attribute is set to file.

Example
Here is example HTML code for a form with one file upload box −
Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>File Upload Box</title>
</head>

<body>
<form>
<input type = "file" name = "fileupload" accept = "image/*" />
</form>
</body>

</html>
This will produce the following result −

Attributes
Following is the list of important attributes of file upload box −

Sr.N Attribute & Description


o

1
name
Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be
recognized and get the value.

2
accept
Specifies the types of files that the server accepts.

Button Controls
There are various ways in HTML to create clickable buttons. You can also
create a clickable button using <input>tag by setting its type attribute
to button. The type attribute can take the following values −

Sr.N Type & Description


o

1
submit
This creates a button that automatically submits a form.

2
reset
This creates a button that automatically resets form controls to their initial
values.

3
button
This creates a button that is used to trigger a client-side script when the
user clicks that button.

4
image
This creates a clickable button but we can use an image as background of
the button.

Example
Here is example HTML code for a form with three types of buttons −
Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>File Upload Box</title>
</head>

<body>
<form>
<input type = "submit" name = "submit" value = "Submit" />
<input type = "reset" name = "reset" value = "Reset" />
<input type = "button" name = "ok" value = "OK" />
<input type = "image" name = "imagebutton" src =
"/html/images/logo.png" />
</form>
</body>

</html>
This will produce the following result −

Hidden Form Controls


Hidden form controls are used to hide data inside the page which later on
can be pushed to the server. This control hides inside the code and does
not appear on the actual page. For example, following hidden form is
being used to keep current page number. When a user will click next page
then the value of hidden control will be sent to the web server and there it
will decide which page will be displayed next based on the passed current
page.

Example
Here is example HTML code to show the usage of hidden control −
Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>File Upload Box</title>
</head>

<body>
<form>
<p>This is page 10</p>
<input type = "hidden" name = "pagename" value = "10" />
<input type = "submit" name = "submit" value = "Submit" />
<input type = "reset" name = "reset" value = "Reset" />
</form>
</body>

</html>
This will produce the following result −

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