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Oxidation of Saturated Compound: Name:iqra Roll No: 01

The document discusses the oxidation of saturated compounds, defining oxidation as the addition of oxygen, removal of hydrogen, or loss of electrons. It categorizes saturated C-H compounds into activated and unactivated types, detailing examples and reactions such as the oxidation of benzylic and allylic systems. Additionally, it covers specific reactions like the Etard reaction and the Hoffman Loeffler reaction for oxidizing various C-H groups.

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56 views10 pages

Oxidation of Saturated Compound: Name:iqra Roll No: 01

The document discusses the oxidation of saturated compounds, defining oxidation as the addition of oxygen, removal of hydrogen, or loss of electrons. It categorizes saturated C-H compounds into activated and unactivated types, detailing examples and reactions such as the oxidation of benzylic and allylic systems. Additionally, it covers specific reactions like the Etard reaction and the Hoffman Loeffler reaction for oxidizing various C-H groups.

Uploaded by

sara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Oxidation of saturated

compound
Name :iqra
Roll no : 01
Oxidation
• Definition:
• Addition of oxygen
• Removal of hydrogen
• Loss of electrons
• Example:
• Oxidizing agents:A species which oxidizes the reaction but reduce itself.
• Reducing agents:A species which reduce the reaction but oxidizes itself.
Oxidation level
Definition: “No of bonds of carbon attached with the more electronegative
atom.”
Example:C-H-C
Oxidation of saturated C-H Compounds

• Saturated compounds: The compound in which carbon hydrogen bonds are


joined by single bond known as C-H saturated compouunds.
• Types of C-H saturated compounds:
• Activated saturated compounds
• Unactivated saturated compounds
• Activated saturated compounds: Saturated C-H group adjacent to a carbon
multiple bonds or carbon heteroatom multiple bonds are example of
activated carbon hydrogen groups.
• Examples: Alylic system, Benzylic system.
• Oxidation of Benzylic system: Benzene being exceptionally stable compound
is not affected by most of the oxidizing agent. However if an alkyl group is
present in benzene ring the side chain can be oxidized to corresponding
carboxylic acid.
• The reaction is used for the preparation of benzene carboxylic acid and also
for the determination of the orientation of unknown polyalkylbenzene.
• If hydroxy or amino groups are present these should be protected before
carrying out the oxidation.
• Etard reaction: The conversion of methyl group attached to benzene ring
into formyl group can be achieved by oxidation with chromium 6 oxide in
acetic anhydride in the presence of strong acid or with the solution of
chromium chloride in CCL4 for or CS4.
The success of
CR03 acetic and
hydride H2SO4 is
due to the initial
formation of the
diacetate which
protect the
aldehyde group
against further
oxidation.
• Oxidation of Alylic group:
• Oxidation at an allylic position is a useful transformation in organic
synthesis.
• Generally reactions have been affected using stishometric amount of SEO2
but very good yields of most easily purified products are often obtained with
catalytic amount of SEO2 and teambutile hydro peroxide which serve story
oxidize the spent catalyst.
• Oxidation of unactivated C-H saturated Compounds:
• A C-H group in which no multiple bonds are present only single present
known as unactivated Saturated group.
• Oxidation by alkaline per magnate:
• The oxidation of tertiary C-H to C-OH group can be achieved by directly
with alkaline per magnate.
• The Hoffman loeffier reaction:
• This reaction is given by N-haloamines having hydrogen on 8- carbons.
• The reaction is affected by warming a solution of the halogenated amine is
strong acid or by irradiation of an acid solution with UV light. The product
of the reaction is the 8-halogenated amine.
• In this way oxidation takes place at un-activated 8 carbon having hydrogen.

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