1. What is Uban Co-operative Bank?

Uban Cooperative Bank is a cooperative bank in India that provides

banking services primarily to urban and semi-urban areas, catering to the
financial needs of individuals and businesses in those regions.

2. What is Primary Credit Society?

A Primary Credit Society is a cooperative financial institution that operates

at the grassroots level, serving the credit and financial needs of its
members within a specific locality or community.

3. Define Bye-law.

Bye-law refers to a rule or regulation established by an organization,

community, or institution to govern its operations, procedures, or conduct.

4. Who is a Registrar?

A Registrar is an official responsible for maintaining records, overseeing

registrations, and ensuring compliance with regulations, often within
governmental, educational, or organizational settings.

5. Who is a Registrar of cooperative societies?

A Registrar of Cooperative Societies is a government-appointed official

who supervises and regulates cooperative societies within a particular
region or jurisdiction. They oversee the registration, compliance, and
functioning of cooperative societies, ensuring they adhere to laws and
regulations.

6. What is decree?

A decree is a formal and authoritative order or decision issued by a legal

authority, typically a court or government, often carrying the force of law
and requiring compliance by those it affects.

7. Who is a defaulter?
A defaulter is an individual or entity that fails to meet their financial
obligations or commitments, such as failing to repay a loan, debt, or fulfill
other contractual obligations within the agreed-upon terms.

8. What is a minutes book?

A minutes book is a formal record where the proceedings, discussions,

decisions, and resolutions of meetings, such as those held by
organizations, committees, or boards, are documented.

9. What is a managing committee?

A managing committee refers to a group of individuals elected or appointed

to oversee the affairs, operations, and decision-making processes of an
organization, institution, or association.

10. What is quorum?

Quorum refers to the minimum number of members required to be present

at a meeting, assembly, or gathering in order to conduct official business
or make valid decisions.

11. Who is a liquidator?

A liquidator is a person or entity appointed to oversee the winding up or

dissolution of a company or organization, ensuring that its assets are
distributed among creditors and stakeholders in accordance with the
applicable laws and regulations.

12. What is Central Cooperative Society?

A Central Cooperative Society is an apex cooperative organization that

operates at a higher level, overseeing and coordinating the activities of
various primary cooperative societies within a region or specific sector,
aiming to support and advance their collective interests.

13. When a member can expel from society?

A member can be expelled from a society based on reasons stipulated in

the society's bylaws or regulations, typically for serious breaches of
conduct, non-compliance with rules, defaulting on financial obligations, or
actions detrimental to the society's objectives.

14. What is adhoc committee?

An ad hoc committee is a temporary or specially appointed committee

formed for a specific purpose or task, dissolved upon the completion of its
assigned objectives or resolution of the particular issue it was created to
address.

15. What is winding up of a society?

The winding up of a society refers to the process of formally dissolving and

closing down the operations and existence of a cooperative society or
organization. It involves settling its debts, distributing assets, and fulfilling
legal obligations before officially ceasing its activities.

16. What is cooperative audit?

A cooperative audit is an examination or review conducted by an

independent auditor or a regulatory authority to assess the financial
records, compliance with regulations, and overall operations of a
cooperative society to ensure transparency, accuracy, and adherence to
governing laws and principles.

17. What is Writ petition?

A writ petition is a formal written application or request submitted to a

higher court, typically the Supreme Court or High Court, seeking the
enforcement or protection of fundamental rights or legal remedies when an
individual's rights have been violated or when legal injustice has occurred.

18. What is injunction?

An injunction is a legal court order that restrains an individual or entity

from performing certain actions, typically to prevent harm, preserve rights,
or maintain the status quo during a legal proceeding.

19. Who can become a member of a cooperative society?

Any individual, association, or entity that fulfills the membership criteria
specified in the cooperative society's bylaws or regulations can become a
member. Generally, those who share common interests or objectives with
the society and are willing to abide by its rules and contribute to its goals
are eligible for membership.

20. What is expulsion of members?

Expulsion of members refers to the formal removal or termination of an

individual's membership from a cooperative society due to serious
breaches of conduct, non-compliance with society rules, failure to meet
obligations, or actions detrimental to the society's objectives.

21. What is the voting right of members?

The voting rights of members in a cooperative society typically involve the

ability to participate in decision-making processes, such as electing the
governing body, approving resolutions, and shaping the policies and
directions of the society. The extent of voting rights often depends on the
society's bylaws and the member's shareholding or contribution to the
society.

22. Who is liable for offences by companies?

In many legal systems, including company law, the liability for offences
committed by companies often falls on the company itself. However, in
certain circumstances, individuals such as directors, officers, or
employees involved in the commission of the offence may also bear
personal liability depending on the nature of the offence and their level of
involvement or responsibility.

23. What is the role of State Co-operative Election Commission?

The State Co-operative Election Commission is responsible for conducting

and supervising the elections of cooperative societies within a specific
state. Its role involves overseeing the electoral process, ensuring fairness,
transparency, and adherence to electoral rules and regulations in the
cooperative sector.

24. Define the term 'co-operative society with limited liability'.

A cooperative society with limited liability refers to a type of cooperative
where the liability of its members is restricted to the extent of their
investment or shareholding in the society. Members are not personally
liable for the debts or obligations of the cooperative beyond the value of
their contributed capital.

25. Write a brief note on Vaidyanathan Committee Report 2005.

The Vaidyanathan Committee Report of 2005 was a significant document

that aimed to revitalize the cooperative credit structure in India. Authored
by V.S. Vaidyanathan, the report suggested various measures to strengthen
the cooperative credit institutions, emphasizing reforms to enhance their
efficiency, governance, and viability. It recommended steps like
professionalization, restructuring, technological upgrades, and legislative
amendments to empower cooperative societies and make them more
competitive and sustainable in the financial sector. The report provided a
roadmap for the modernization and development of cooperative credit
institutions in India.

26. Who is a member of a co-operative society?

A member of a cooperative society is an individual, association, or entity

that has fulfilled the criteria set forth in the society's bylaws or regulations
and has been accepted or admitted as a member. Members typically hold
shares or contribute to the society's capital, entitling them to certain rights,
including voting privileges and benefits based on their participation and
contribution to the cooperative.

27. Who appoints liquidator of a cooperative society?

The appointment of a liquidator for a cooperative society is usually done by

a competent authority, such as a court or a regulatory body overseeing
cooperative societies, following the legal procedures outlined in the
relevant cooperative laws or regulations.

28. What is the role of Cooperative Ombudsman?

The Cooperative Ombudsman serves as an independent authority

responsible for addressing grievances, disputes, or complaints raised by
members, stakeholders, or other parties related to the functioning,
management, or conduct of cooperative societies. Their role involves
investigating complaints, mediating disputes, and ensuring fair resolution
in accordance with cooperative laws and principles.

29. What is an 'Urban Co-operative Bank'?

An Urban Co-operative Bank is a financial institution that operates in urban

and semi-urban areas, providing banking services such as deposits, loans,
and other financial products to its members and customers. These banks
are typically owned, managed, and controlled by their members and
governed by cooperative principles.

30. What is meant by primary credit society'?

A Primary Credit Society refers to a cooperative financial institution

operating at the grassroots level within a specific locality or community. It
primarily focuses on providing credit and financial services to its members
within that particular area or community.

31. What is an Apex society?

An Apex Society is a top-tier cooperative organization that operates at a

higher level within the cooperative sector. It usually oversees and
coordinates the activities of various primary or district-level cooperative
societies, providing guidance, support, and representation for these lower-
level cooperatives. Apex societies often cater to the collective interests of
multiple cooperatives within a region or sector.