C++ Tutorial

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❖Basic Topics:
1. C++ Syntax
2. C++ Output
3. C++ Comments
4. C++ Variables
5. C++ User Input
6. C++ Data Types
7. C++ Operators
8. C++ Strings
9. C++ Math
10. C++ Booleans
11. C++ If...Else
12. C++ Switch
13. C++ While Loop
14. C++ For Loop
15. C++ Break/Continue
16. C++ Arrays
17. C++ Structures
18. C++ Enums
19. C++ References
20. C++ Pointers

❖C++ Functions:
1. C++ Functions
2. C++ Function Parameters
3. C++ Function Overloading
4. C++ Scope
5. C++ Recursion
❖C++ Classes:
1. C++ OOP
2. C++ Classes/Objects
3. C++ Class Methods
4. C++ Constructors
5. C++ Access Specifiers
6. C++ Encapsulation
7. C++ Inheritance
8. C++ Polymorphism
9. C++ Files
10. C++ Exceptions
11. C++ Date
❖C++ Data Structures:
1. C++ Data Structures & STL
2. C++ Vectors
3. C++ List
4. C++ Stacks
5. C++ Queues
6. C++ Deque
7. C++ Sets
8. C++ Maps
9. C++ Iterators
10. C++ Algorithms
❖C++ How to:
1. C++ Add Two Numbers
2. C++ Random Numbers
❖C++ Reference:
1. C++ Reference
2. C++ Reference
3. C++ Keywords
4. C++ <iostream>
5. C++ <fstream>
 6. C++ <cmath>
7. C++ <string>
8. C++ <cstring>
9. C++ <ctime>
10. C++ <vector>
11. C++ <algorithm>
❖C++ Examples:
1. C++ Examples
2. C++ Real-Life Examples
3. C++ Compiler
4. C++ Exercises
5. C++ Quiz
6. C++ Syllabus
7. C++ Study Plan
8. C++ Certificate
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➢ C++ Control Statements
1. C++ Decision Making
2. C++ if Statement
3. C++ if else Statement
4. C++ Nested if Statements
5. C++ switch Statement
6. C++ Nested switch Statements
7. C++ Loop Types
8. C++ while Loop
9. C++ for Loop
10. C++ do while Loop
11. C++ Foreach Loop
12. C++ Nested Loops
13. C++ break Statement
14. C++ continue Statement
15. C++ goto Statement
➢ C++ Strings
1. C++ Strings
2. C++ Loop Through a String
3. C++ String Length
4. C++ String Concatenation
 5. C++ String Comparison
➢ C++ Arrays
1. C++ Arrays
2. C++ Multidimensional Arrays
3. C++ Pointer to an Array
4. C++ Passing Arrays to Functions
5. C++ Return Array from Functions
➢ C++ Structure & Union
1. C++ Structures
2. C++ Unions
➢ C++ Pointers
1. C++ Pointers
2. C++ Dereferencing
3. C++ Modify Pointers
➢ C++ Class and Objects
1. C++ Object Oriented
2. C++ Classes & Objects
3. C++ Class Member Functions
4. C++ Class Access Modifiers
5. C++ Static Class Members
6. C++ Static Data Members
7. C++ Static Member Function
 8. C++ Inline Functions
9. C++ this Pointer
10. C++ Friend Functions
11. C++ Pointer to Classes
➢ C++ Constructors
1. C++ Constructor & Destructor
2. C++ Default Constructors
3. C++ Parameterized Constructors
4. C++ Copy Constructor
5. C++ Constructor Overloading
6. C++ Constructor with Default Arguments
7. C++ Delegating Constructors
8. C++ Constructor Initialization List
9. C++ Dynamic Initialization Using Constructors
➢ C++ Inheritance
1. C++ Inheritance
2. C++ Multiple Inheritance
3. C++ Multilevel Inheritance
➢ ****C++ Object-oriented
1. C++ Overloading
2. C++ Polymorphism
3. C++ Abstraction
 4. C++ Encapsulation
5. C++ Interfaces
➢ C++ File Handling
1. C++ Files and Streams
2. C++ Reading From File

➢C++ Advanced
i. **C++ Exception Handling
ii. **C++ Dynamic Memory
iii. **C++ Namespaces
iv. *C++ Templates
v. C++ Preprocessor
vi. **C++ Signal Handling
vii. C++ Multithreading
viii. **C++ Socket Programming
ix. C++ Concurrency
x. **C++ Advanced Concepts
xi. C++ unordered multiset
I. Core C++ Fundamentals (Essential):
Variables and Data Types: int, float, char, bool, unsigned int, long, byte, etc. Understanding how to
choose the right data type for memory efficiency and data representation.

• Operators: Arithmetic (+, -, *, /, %), assignment (=, +=, -=, etc.), comparison (==, !=, >, <, >=,
<=), logical (&&, ||, !), bitwise (&, |, ^, <<, >>).
• Control Flow:
1. if, else if, else: Conditional statements.
2. for loops: Iterating a known number of times.
3. while loops: Iterating until a condition is met.
4. do-while loops: Iterating at least once.
5. switch-case: Efficiently handling multiple conditions.
6. break and continue: Controlling loop execution.
• Functions: Defining and calling functions, passing arguments, returning values. Understanding
scope (local vs. global variables).
• Arrays: Storing and accessing collections of data of the same type. Multidimensional arrays.
• Pointers (Important but can be introduced later): Understanding memory addresses, pointer
arithmetic (use with caution), passing arguments by reference. Essential for more advanced
robotics tasks and memory management.
• Structs (and Classes - see OOP below): Grouping related variables together. A good stepping
stone to classes.
• Serial Communication: Using Serial.begin(), Serial.print(), Serial.println(), Serial.read() for
debugging and communication with other devices.

II. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) (Highly Recommended):

• Classes and Objects: Creating classes, instantiating objects, understanding member variables
(data) and member functions (methods).
• Encapsulation: Hiding data and implementation details within a class. Using access modifiers
(public, private, protected).
• Inheritance: Creating new classes based on existing ones, inheriting properties and methods.
Useful for creating hierarchies of robot components.
• Polymorphism: The ability of objects of different classes to respond to the same method call
in their own specific ways. Important for abstraction and code reusability.