1. During the Mesozoic Era, the ---- of 4.
Studies have provided ---- evidence that
dinosaurs led to their dominance across bullying, whether in schools or workplaces,
various ecosystems, influencing the can significantly impact an individual's
evolutionary path of many species. emotional and psychological well-being.
A) jurisdiction A) compelling
B) susceptibility B) debatable
C) proliferation C) inconclusive
D) utilization D) redundant
E) transmission E) convenient
2. The number of people seeking therapy for 5. Recent studies suggest that many humans
anxiety and depression has ---- in recent years, living today ---- a mix of ancient ancestors,
highlighting the growing awareness of mental including Neanderthals, with traces of their
health issues. DNA still present in modern populations.
A) surpassed A) bargain for
B) hampered B) interfere with
C) constrained C) call for
D) skyrocketed D) descend from
E) triggered E) align with
3. The rapid spread of technology and the 6. ---- extensively by scientists, climate change
increasing influence of social media have ---- now ---- global policy decisions and prompts
contributed to the erosion of traditional significant environmental actions.
societal values, leading to a shift in the social
A) To have studied / can influence
fabric.
B) Having been studied / influences
A) preferentially
C) Being studied / would influence
B) substantially
D) Studied / had influenced
C) ambiguously
E) Studying / will have influenced
D) suspiciously
E) impartially
7. Early detection of cancer is crucial in 9. Many of history's greatest inventors, such
improving the chances of successful as Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla, were
treatment; otherwise, the disease ---- to more determined individuals, relentlessly pursuing
advanced stages, potentially ---- metastasis their groundbreaking ideas ---- facing
and significantly reducing the effectiveness of numerous challenges and setbacks.
available therapies.
A) as to
A) can progress / led to
B) despite
B) should progress / lead to
C) unlike
C) would have progressed / leading to
D) in need of
D) must progress / being led to
E) with the aim of
E) could have progressed / having led to
8. ---- certain circumstances, such as extreme
10. It is not surprising that tree biomass plays
weather conditions, athletes may experience a
a significant role in combating climate change
significant reduction in endurance and
---- forests act as carbon sinks, absorbing vast
stamina due to the lower oxygen levels ----
amounts of carbon dioxide from the
those elevations, which can affect their overall
atmosphere.
performance.
A) unless
A) Of / in
B) since
B) Upon / of
C) in case
C) Under / at
D) provided that
D) With / on
E) while
E) Through / below
11. Many ancient civilizations, such as the
Egyptians and the Mesopotamians, date back
thousands of years, ---- recent archaeological
discoveries have revealed new insights into
human history.
A) as long as
B) provided that
C) whereas
D) unless
E) once
12. The influence of digital technology has
become ---- inextricably woven into the fabric
of modern society ---- it affects nearly every
aspect of our lives, from communication and
education to work and entertainment.
A) just as / so
B) so / that
C) either / or
D) both / and
E) as / as
Barış Manço, one of Turkiye's most beloved 15.
musicians, (13) ---- the extent to which his
A) as well as
music would influence generations to come,
(14) ----his timeless songs continue to B) similar to
resonate with listeners even today. By means
of his unique musical style, which blended C) such as
rock, folk, and traditional Turkish melodies, he D) rather than
was able to create a sound that was not only
groundbreaking but also deeply reflective of E) because of
Turkiye's cultural diversity. His music
accurately captured the social and emotional
landscape of his time, and through his lyrics,
he expressed universal themes (15) ---- love,
peace, and unity. While he became a national
icon in Turkiye, his talent also gained (16) ----
abroad, with his music reaching audiences in
countries like Japan, Belgium, and France. His
ability to connect with people, share stories, 16.
and evoke powerful emotions ensures that his
influence will endure for many years to come. A) obstruction
Whether (17) ---- his iconic songs or his role as B) recognition
a television personality, Barış Manço's spirit is
very much alive in the hearts of those who C) suppression
were touched by his art. D) competition
E) ambiguity
13.
A) mustn’t imagine
B) did not use to imagine
C) couldn't have imagined
D) souldn’t have imagined
E) ought not to imagine 17.
A) along
B) about
14. C) at
A) therefore D) through
B) likewise E) amid
C) nevertheless
D) eventually
E) for example
18. Although from an astrophysical point of 20.----, food shortages will be inevitable,
view solar eclipses are insignificant, ----. leading to mass starvation and unrest.
A) the problem is that close to the Sun, seeing A) Because many governments are committed
any stars at all is impossible due to its bright to avoiding a reduction in farming subsidies
light and fi nancial speculation nowadays
B) they give astronomers a special opportunity B) Unless solution to the dramatic increase in
to see things that are usually outshone by the world population and the demand for food is
light of the Sun found
C) little attention has been paid to them since C) While the growing population in some parts
1919 when a total eclipse occurred of the world increasingly demand a more
varied diet
D) they should be observed indirectly with a
pinhole camera or using approved protective D) Since the increase in oil prices has
goggles appeared in many developing nations in the
last several decades
E) they are the result of the Sun being
completely blocked out by the Moon at E) If worldwide drought, which affects wide
certain t imes terri tories, is seen as the consequence of
climate change
19. Although all archaeologists agree that
keeping careful records of an excavation is 21. The consequences of eating disorders
essential to good practice, ----. need to be taken seriously, ----
A) there is a close relationship between their A) whereas there is growing interest in and
inter pretation and that of archaeological worry about their potential risks and
museums treatment methods
B) they are concerned with the activities of B) while evidencce is now emerging that they
people and nature that create evidence of a occur in a wide range of socioeconomic
cultural past groups
C) artefacts, sculptures and drawings found in C) given that they might increase one's risk of
caves help thom them learn about early developing conditions such as high blood
humans pressure and diabetes
D) many mapping techniques developed for D) though clinical depression and anxiety
use on land have also been adapted for disorders have been reported to commonly
underwater archae ology co-occur with eating disorders
E) there is no certain consensus on what E) so patients who engage in binge eating,
exactly constitutes archaeological data which is highly associated with obesity, suffer
from numer ous health issues
22. It may be a long time before scientists can 23. Yeni deneyimlere açık insanlar, görsel
con firm that biological life exists in places bilgiyi farklı şekillerde işleme yeteneğine
other than Earth, ---- sahiptir ve bu, yaratıcılıklarının artmasını
sağlamaktadır, böylece bu özelliğe sahip
A) but recent discovery of tiny life forms in
insanlar farklı bakış açıları sayesinde diğerleri
some extreme conditions and inhospitable
tarafından gözden kaçırılan çözümleri fark
environments has raised hopes
etmede iyi olabilirler.
B) as scientists have long known that amino
A) People who are open to new experiences
acids and nucleotides, the main ingredients
have the ability to boost their creativity by
for building proteins and DNA, can be found in
processing visual information in different
meteors and comets
ways, so people with this trait can be good at
C) while it takes a lot of intellectual effort on spotting solutions that others overlooked,
the part of ordinary people to understand the thanks to their diverse outlook.
dynamics of life in outer space
B) People who are open to new experiences
D) though professional associations informing have the ability to spot solutions overlooked
the public about microbial life in space have by others thanks to their diverse outlook,
not been very successful which is a trait that enables these people to
process visual information in different ways
E) so the discovery of the bacteria in and helps boost their creativity.
Antarctica, which live by extracting nutrition
from the air, in dicates that life can thrive C) People who have the ability to process
without complex organic material visual information in different ways that boost
their creativity are open to new experiences;
therefore, people with this trait can be good
at spotting solutions overlooked by others,
thanks to their diverse outlook.
D) People who have the ability to be open to
new experiences process visual information in
different ways to boost their creativity, so
people with diverse outlook might be good at
spotting solutions that others overlook, thanks
to this trait.
E) People who are open to new experiences
have the ability to process visual information
in different ways and this helps boost their
creativity, so people with this trait might be
good at spotting solutions overlooked by
others, thanks to their diverse outlook.
24. Because volcanic activity has usually been
ex tremely violent and destructive, in the past
there were some cultures believing that
eruptions and tremblings had to be the fault
of humans.
A) Volkanik faaliyetler genellikle aşırı derecede
şiddetli ve yıkıcı oldukları için geçmişte
patlamaların ve sarsılmaların insanların
hatasından kaynaklandığını düşünen bazı
kültürler vardı.
B) Volkanik faaliyetlerin genellikle aşırı
derecede şiddetli ve yıkıcı olmasından dolayı
geçmişte bazı kültūrler patlamaların ve
sarsılmaların insanların hatasından
kaynaklandığına inanıyordu.
C) Genellikle aşırı derecede şiddetli ve yıkıcı
olan volkanik faaliyetler yüzünden geçmişte
yaşanan patlamaların ve sarsılmaların
insanların hatasından kaynaklandığına inanan
bazı kültürler vardı.
D) Geçmişte patlamaların ve sarsılmaların
insanların hatasından kaynaklandığına inanan
kültürler olmasının sebebi, bazı volkanik
faaliyetlerin genellikle son derece şiddetli ve
yıkıcı olmasıydı.
E) Geçmişte patlamaların ve sarsılmaların
insanların hatasından kaynaklandığına inanan
bazı kültūrlerin olması, volkanik faaliyetlerin
genellikle son derece şiddetli ve yıkıcı
olmasından kaynaklanıyordu.
Deconstruction - the method which claims 26. It is stated in the passage that Jacques
there is no single explanation of the meaning Derrida's book Of Grammatology -----.
of a piece of writing - in and of itself, is almost
A) is considered to be the cornerstone of his
dead, but it retains enomous influence on
works
current critical thinking. While deconstruction
itself peaked in the late 1970s, an evolving B) has had a bigger influence on philosophy
version of deconstruction has been absorbed than the field of literature
by later thinking and often remains crucial to,
and even taken for granted by, contemporary C) was an important extension of the ideas of
cultural and literary criticism. The founding some French philosophers
figure and the intellectual force behind D) dwells upon the ideas of such prominent
deconstruction was Jacques Derrida. His first thinkers like Einstein and Freud
widely influential book, Of Grammatology,
appeared in French in 1967, and many of his E) was considerably influenced by other
later writings recast or extend the ideas of Of contexts and issues of his time
Grammatology for other contexts and issues.
Advocates and popularisers saw his ideas as so
revolutionary that they put him in the same 27. Derrida is seen in the same line with
light as Copemicus, Newton, Einstein, and Copernicus, Newton, Einstein, and Freud
Freud. Although Derrida was primarily a because he -----.
philosopher, his work had little impact on
A) was their contemporary
philosophy until after its shock wave hit
literary studies. Deconstruction has since B) was as popular as they were
carried its influence far beyond literary
C) influenced many other fields of study as
studies, not only to philosophy but also to all
they did
of the humanities and often to the social
sciences. D) had groundbreaking ideas like them
25. According to the passage deconstruction E) was also a philosopher
lost its previous power -----.
A) because it could hardly evolve after its peak
in the late 1970s 28. According to the passage which of the
following is true about deconstruction?
B) long before the 1970s, when various
different philosophical movements appeared A) It has extended far beyond the boundaries
of humanities and social sciences.
C) and was forgotten for several years because
of the obsolete ideas it promotes B) It made literary studies more significant
than others
D) but still achieves a considerable impact on
cultural and literary criticism C) It helped Derida to become a literary critic.
E) as a result of its excessive preoccupation D) It was not fully appreciated in some fields
with current cultural criticism of study.
E) It has evolved over time and made its way
to modern studies as well.
Most people, from those who are fond of 30.What can be concluded trom the passage
living alone to the rich and famous, probably about the initial period of life?
have experi enced feelings of shyness at
A) children who are shy during this period will
various times in their lives. Physiological
be shy throughout their lives no matter what
symptoms may include blush ing, increased
they do
heart rate, sweating, and shaking. Just as
these outward manifestations vary in type and B) If children are shy with others during this
intensity from person to person, so do the peri od, they should be observed
inner feelings. Anxious thoughts and worries, psychologically.
low self esteem, self-criticism, and concern
over a lack of social skills, real or imagined, are C) It might be highly influential on whether a
common. Never theless, the causes of shyness per son will be shy in later life.
are not known. Some researchers believe it D) It is not easy to overcome shyness during
results from a genetic predis position. Others this period because personality traits do not
theorize that uncommunicative parents change until young adulthood.
restrict a child's development of the social
skills that compensate for discomfort caused E) It is the period when children should leam
by new experiences and people, resulting in some self-help techniques to overcome their
shyness. Variously, it has been considered a shyness.
symptom of social phobia or a simple
characteristic of introver sion. Psychological
research that follows large numbers of
children from very early childhood to
adulthood has found that a tendency to be shy
with others is one of the most stable traits
that is pre served from the first three or four
31.It could be inferred from the passage that -
years of life through young adulthood.
---.
Learning or improving social skills through
self-help courses or formal training in A) shyness is most likely to be seen among chil
assertiveness and public speaking are some of dren whose parents were shy in their
the methods used to diminish the effects of childhood
shyness.
B) it can be the parents who are responsible
29.The author clearly states that shyness -. for shy ness due to their parenting style or the
genetic characteristics they pass on to their
A) is a widespread phenomenon likely to be
children
expe rienced by people from different walks
of life C) shyness could be considered a form of
social phobia, so medical help should be
B) makes itself clear through several
sought to elimi nate it
symptoms that are unvaryingly seen
D) the psychological effects of shyness can be
C) is generally accompanied by some inner
in tense if physiological symptoms are
feelings caused by imaginary conditions
accompanied by inner thoughts
D) is a psychological condition which is caused
E) although we do not know the causes of
by several well-known triggers
shyness for sure, it is easy to get rid of this
E) can be detected by others easily as most of condition
its symptoms are visible
32.What is the purpose of the author of this
pas sage?
A) To elaborate on the impact of genetic
factors on shyness
B) report the findings of recent research into
the effects and triggers of shyness
C) To give the reader some advice on how to
over come shyness
D) To give brief information about the
symptoms and possible causes of shyness
E) To discuss whether shyness is a challenging
psychological problem
33. 34.
Sylvia: Alan:
Did you know that music therapy was - We are all told to exercise more, but for
established as a profession in the US in the those with physical disabilities, the benefits of
1950s? aerobic exercise have always been out of
reach. I think scientists need to find a solution
Robert:
for this.
Interesting! It sounds a bit late, doesn't it?
Chelsea:
Sylvia: -----
- In fact, I have read about a recent study
Robert: That makes sense now. You know, which aims to develop a kind of drug that will
people couldn't have discovered the create the effect of exercise for those'with
therapeutic effect of music that late. Then physical disabili ties.
what you're referring to is its formal
Alan:
recognition in the 1950s.
- ----
Sylvia: Yeah! Probably because around that
time, methodical research expanded, as well Chelsea:
as the formulation of theories.
- Thanks to the medication, the genes which
A) But today, it is practised worldwide as an prove resistant to weight gain can be
extremely varied and flexible profession in activated without any physical training.
many fields, like special education and
A) How can that drug compensate for the lack
rehabilitation.
of physical activity?
B) As a matter of fact, people suffering from
B) How interested would you be in taking the
severe impairments seemed to show
drug yoursel?
noticeable improvement when treated with
music. C) How often is the drug taken to activate fat
burn ing mechanisms?
C) Actually, the popularity of music therapy
led to a dramatic increase in the number of its D) How do disabled people feel after taking
practitioners. this kind of drug?
D) As ancient people believed that music had E) How much do they agree on the impact of
a magical power, they didn't consider it as a the drug on people?
treatment method.
E) Right, but professionals from several
disciplines had already been using music while
working with various populations.
35. While the growth of cities may be 36. Learning about the universe and our place
associated with increasing prosperity, urhan in it is one of the best experiences of
areas demonstrate the world's most obvious childhood but few students try to explore the
health disparities in both low- and high mysteries of the universe because of
income countries. overwhelming workload at schools.
A) The largest disparities in health are A) Regardless of excessive workload at
observed in both low- and high-income schools, some students try to learn about the
countries due to increasing prosperity that is universe and our place in it and understand
connected to the growth of cites. the mysteries of the universe, which is one of
the best experiences of childhood.
B) As a result of the growth of cities with the
purpose of creating more wealth, both low- B) Huge workload at schools may discourage
and high-income countries have developed students from wondering about the universe
urban areas with health inequalities in the and our place in it; however, there are those
world. who try to investigate the mysteries of the
universe, which is one of the best experiences
C) Both low- and high-income countries are
of childhood.
experiencing the most obvious problem of
health inequalities as the growth of cities has C) Although learning about the universe and
produced increasing wealth in urban areas. our place in it is one of the best experiences of
childhood, a small number of students try to
D) It is possible to link the growth of cites to
investigate the mysteries of the universe due
more wealth however, urban areas both in
to excessive workload at schools.
low- and high-income countries are places
with the most apparent health inequalities in D) Despite being one of the best experiences
the world. of childhood, learning about the universe and
our place in it and exploring the mysteries of
E) The growth of cities is linked to an increase
the universe do not seem to attract the
in prosperity as long as there is the apparent
attention of most students because of huge
issue of urban health discrepancies in both
workload at schools.
low- and high-income countries of the world
E) There is a limited number of students who
admit that learning about the universe and
our place in it is one of the best experiences of
childhood although investigating the
mysteries of the universe may considerably
increase the workload at schools.
37. The Internet facilitates a certain kind of 38. Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to
anonymity, which has more benefits than its computer software that exhibits intelligent
dangers. One can communicate with behaviour. In fact, the term 'intelligence' is
individuals across the globe with no difficult to define and has been the subject of
hesitation, using pseudonyms. This type of heated debate by philosophers, educators,
anonymity can definitely affect the content and psychologists for ages. ----- Intelligence
and nature of the communication. It frees includes the capacity to learn, maintain a large
some individuals by removing barriers based storehouse of knowledge, utilise common
on physical appearance. ----- Anonymity may sense reasoning, apply analytical abilities,
also foster participation in beneficial activities discern relationships between facts,
such as discussions among victims of a crime communicate ideas to others, and perceive
who might be reluctant to participate unless and make sense of the world around us. Thus,
they had anonymity. Al systems are computer programs that
exhibit one or more of these abilities.
A) However, anonymity leads to serious
problems of accountability and integrity of A) Accordingly, Al systems provide a key
information. component in many computer applications
that serve the world of business.
B) The state of remaining unknown to most
other people requires the development of B) Nevertheless, it is possible to enumerate
certain communication skills. many important characteristics of intelligent
behaviour.
C) For example, in contexts in which race and
gender may get in the way of fair treatment, C) Likewise, Al systems can monitor consumer
the anonymity provided by the Internet can spending habits and alert companies when
eliminate bias. uncharacteristic consumer behaviours arise.
D) Recently, researchers have focused more D) In addition, Al systems can perform the
on the issue of anonymity to reveal how same kind of tasks as our brains do, such as
people mask their real identities in translating texts and doing mathematical
cyberspace. calculations.
E) The anonymity of the Internet is the main E) Therefore, huge amounts of data are
cause for ethical problems that set up a required to help Al systems to complete
barrier to effective communication. sophisticated tasks.
39. (I) An avalanche is a large amount of snow 40.(I) Postcolonial writings examine a range of
that quickly moves down a slope, and there topics that interest world historians, such as
are many different conditions which make an colonial encounters, immigrant experiences,
avalanche possible. (II) It is more likely to and modern capitalism and its discourses of
happen on a slope without trees or large rocks development. (II) In such writings, postcolonial
which help to keep snow in place. (III) A weak analysts tend to unpack long-held views of
layer of snow such as melting or refreezing scholars to reveal the nuances that are
one may also cause an avalanche because inherent in any historical phenomena but that
snow piling on top of this weak layer can are often ignored by others. (III) More
easily slide off. (IV) The skiers and snowmobile recently, postcolonial historians have also
riders should be extra cautious not to break a been deeply concerned with recording the
bone on such weak layers. (V) Heavy snowfall, lives and voices of disempowered peoples. (IV)
strong wind, and rising temperature can all For instance, postcolonial writings have
start an avalanche and falling rocks or ice or contributed significantly to broadening our
the slowest movements of a skier too. understanding of long-studied phenomena
such as European colonialism. (V) Coloniser
colonised interactions are no longer seen as
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V colliding worlds but rather as complex, hybrid,
and sometimes contradictory flows that shape
both the coloniser and the colonised.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
CEVAP ANAHTARI
21. C
1. C
22. A
2. D
23. E
3. B
24. A
4. A
25. D
5. D
26. A
6. B
27. D
7. C
28. E
8. C
29. A
9. B
30. C
10. B
31. B
11. C
32. D
12. B
33. E
13. C
34. A
14. C
35. D
15. C
36. C
16. B
37. C
17. D
38. B
18. B
39. D
19. E
40. C
20. B
