Supplemental Online Content
Goeldlin MB, Fandler-Höfler S, Pezzini A, et al; for the EURECA collaborators. Location and
timing of recurrent, nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage. JAMA Neurol. Published online
March 3, 2025. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2025.0026
eFigure 1. Study flowchart
eFigure 2. Kaplan-Meier curve displaying time to recurrence according to the number of
previous ICH events
eTable 1. Overview of included cohorts
eTable 2. Logistic regressions: association with ICH adjacent to a previous event
eTable 3. Baseline characteristics in patients with CAA vs non-CAA ICH
This supplemental material has been provided by the authors to give readers additional
information about their work.
© 2025 American Medical Association. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining,
AI training, and similar technologies.
Figure S1: Study flowchart
© 2025 American Medical Association. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining,
AI training, and similar technologies.
Figure S2: Kaplan-Meier curve displaying time to recurrence
according to the number of previous ICH
© 2025 American Medical Association. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining,
AI training, and similar technologies.
Table S1: Overview on included cohorts
Patients
ICH
Cohort Single- Recruitment with Patients
Country Centre patients
name /multicentre window recurrent included
in cohort
ICH
Bernese
Single
Stroke Switzerland 2014-2019 Bern 914 53 50
centre
Registry
United Single 01/2015-
SIGNaL UCL 490 30 30
Kingdom centre 10/2021
Charite Single Charité
Germany 2018-2021 383 25 25
CBF centre Berlin
Toulouse Single CHU
France 2010-2019 1351 35 31
cohort centre TOULOUSE
Graz Single
Austria 2008-2021 Graz 1303 90 90
cohort centre
Single
Brescia Italy 2021-2023 Brescia (IT) 133 6 6
centre
Southern
Denmark Multicentre 2009-2018 Odense 2655 124 123
Denmark
Single
Erlangen Germany 2006-2015 Erlangen 1380 83 83
centre
Tours
Single
recurrent France 2011-2023 Tours 9 9 9
centre
ICH
Akershus
Single
ICH Norway 2011-2023 Akershus 1160 69 60
centre
registry
La Spezia 15 2 2
Mantova 355 53 53
Milano (San
164 18 18
Raffaele?)
MUCH
Italy Multicentre 2002-2014 Perugia 50 6 6
Italy
Reggio
300 34 34
Emilia
Siena 72 8 8
BS (Brescia) 211 30 30
Basel
Single
Stroke Switzerland 2014-2019 Basel 1013 94 40
centre
Registry
Lille
Single
Stroke France 2004-2009 Lille 560 26 20
centre
Registry
Barcelona
Single
ICH Spain 2009-2021 Barcelona 911 43 15
centre
registry
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AI training, and similar technologies.
Table S2: Logistic regressions – association with ICH adjacent to a
previous one
Univariable OR Model A Model B
(95%-CI)
Hypertension 1.05 (0.75 – 1.46) 1.09 (0.61-1.95) 1.01 (0.56 –1.84)
Antihypertensives 1.10 (0.79 – 1.52) 2.85 (0.53-15.42) 3.58 (0.64 –19.94)
Index haematoma location
Lobar 2.44 (1.66 – 3.60) 2.08 (1.32 – 3.27)
Brainstem 0.43 (0.09-2.07) Omitted
Cerebellum 0.40 (0.15 – 1.12) 0.25 (0.07 – 0.89)
Isolated IVH 1 Omitted
Isolated cSAH 1.07 (0.44 – 2.58) 1.02 (0.41-2.56)
Uncertain location 0.97 (0.08-11.31) Omitted
Cortical subarachnoid extension 2.29 (0.35 – 15.03) 1.36 (0.92-2.00)
CAA at index ICH 2.27 (1.63 – 3.16) 2.21 (1.57 (3.11)
Interaction term 0.43 (0.07-2.62) 0.32 (0.05-1.95)
hypertension#antihypertensives
Legend: IVH, Intraventricular hemorrhage; cSAH, cortical subarachnoid hemorrhage; CAA, cerebral
amyloid angiopathy, ICH, Intracerebral hemorrhage.
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AI training, and similar technologies.
Table S3: Baseline characteristics in patients with CAA vs. non-
CAA
Total Non-CAA ICH CAA-ICH p-value
N=730 N=321 N=409
Age 72.3 (65.3-79) 70 (62.8-78) 74 (68-80) <0.001
Total ICH events 2 (2-2) 2 (2-2) 2 (2-2) <0.001
Female sex 346 (47.4%) 142 (44.2%) 204 (49.9%) 0.13
CAA diagnosed at any
timepoint 409 (56.0%) 0 ( 0.0%) 409 (100.0%) <0.001
CAA present at index
ICH 278 (43.2%) 0 ( 0.0%) 278 (73.0%) <0.001
Hypertension 449 (66.2%) 202 (70.4%) 247 (63.2%) 0.050
Dyslipidaemia 218 (31.7%) 98 (33.4%) 120 (30.5%) 0.40
Diabetes 132 (19.0%) 53 (17.7%) 79 (19.9%) 0.46
Coronary artery disease 110 (15.8%) 42 (14.0%) 68 (17.1%) 0.25
Atrial fibrillation 94 (13.4%) 46 (15.1%) 48 (12.1%) 0.24
Antiplatelet therapy 219 (33.8%) 79 (29.8%) 140 (36.6%) 0.071
Anticoagulation 83 (11.9%) 42 (14.0%) 41 (10.4%) 0.15
Antihypertensives 346 (54.4%) 141 (55.3%) 205 (53.8%) 0.71
Antidiabetics 108 (15.8%) 40 (13.7%) 68 (17.4%) 0.19
Lipid-lowering drugs 180 (28.4%) 70 (27.6%) 110 (29.0%) 0.69
Haematoma epicentre Lobar 482 (67.3%) 130 (41.8%) 352 (86.9%) <0.001
Deep 159 (22.2%) 131 (42.1%) 28 ( 6.9%)
Brainstem 12 ( 1.7%) 9 ( 2.9%) 3 ( 0.7%)
Cerebellum 32 ( 4.5%) 24 ( 7.7%) 8 ( 2.0%)
Isolated IVH 1 ( 0.1%) 0 ( 0.0%) 1 ( 0.2%)
Isolated cSAH 27 ( 3.8%) 16 ( 5.1%) 11 ( 2.7%)
Uncertain
location 3 ( 0.4%) 1 ( 0.3%) 2 ( 0.5%)
Side of haematoma Right 318 (44.2%) 136 (43.2%) 182 (45.0%) 0.30
Left 383 (53.3%) 171 (54.3%) 212 (52.5%)
Midline/central 7 ( 1.0%) 5 ( 1.6%) 2 ( 0.5%)
Bilateral 11 ( 1.5%) 3 ( 1.0%) 8 ( 2.0%)
Intraventricular
haemorrhage 113 (17.4%) 63 (24.3%) 50 (12.8%) <0.001
Cortical subarachnoid
haemorrhage 215 (34.1%) 25 (10.2%) 190 (49.2%) <0.001
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AI training, and similar technologies.
Legend: CAA, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, ICH, Intracerebral hemorrhage; IVH, Intraventricular
hemorrhage; cSAH, cortical subarachnoid hemorrhage;
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AI training, and similar technologies.
