David Wege
Cambridge, UK
www.davidwegenature.uk
Illustrated and written in collaboration with and support
from Wildniswind (www.wildniswind.de) – the online
wilderness school for wilderness education and nature
mentoring run by Miriam Schulz and Paula Roesch.
First published 2024
Copyright © 2024 text and illustrations by David Wege
The right of David Wege to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him
in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be copied in any form or by any
electronic, mechanical or other means without the permission in writing
from the author.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Cover design by Paper Rhino www.paperrhino.co.uk
Page design by Michelle Berry.
ISBN 978-1-7385212-0-3
Citation: Wege, D. C. (2024) Mammal tracks of Europe: a field guide to the tracks and trails of
European mammals. Cambridge, UK: David Wege Nature (self-published e-book, available at:
www.davidwegenature.uk).
MAMMAL TRACKS OF EUROPE
A field guide to the tracks and trails of European mammals
Introduction Track drawings
This book is a companion guide for All of the tracks in this book have been
mammal trackers across Europe. Other drawn (on a tablet) from photos (often
than this Introduction, it is designed to be many photos) of tracks, to build up a
easily accessible regardless of language. As perfect average track illustration. The more
an e-book it can be referred to on your photos used the better the drawing. Most
mobile device, or the pages that are of the track photos I used are my own, but
relevant to you printed out and taken into for some species, photos have been shared
the field. Tracks are life-size when printed with me by some of the amazing trackers
at A4 (with the exception of my Homo listed below in the Acknowledgements. I
sapiens tracks). There are no pointers to have tried to draw the track features that
identification features or differences occur most of the time in a “good track”. So,
between species, and hopefully the for example, carpal pads and thumbs on
drawings show everything that’s needed to the front tracks of the felids and canids are
make an accurate identification. However, not shown here. Dew claws on the
detailed descriptions and identification tips ungulates are shown for the species which
can be found in a range of excellent, register them most of the time (e.g.
comprehensive tracking handbooks that Reindeer), and in trail drawings (such as for
are now available (see References). Roe Deer). All of the deer can and will show
Wherever possible I have shown all dew claws in deeper substrates or when
four tracks for a species, always positioned moving at speed, so do keep this in mind.
in the format below (left). For the species It is not possible to show the full
with large tracks, I have tried to show front variation in the size and shape of some
and hind together but sometimes only one species’ tracks (such as Dog, Horse, male
track fits a page. Where fewer than four Deer and other Ungulates etc.), so do keep
tracks are shown, they will always be left this in mind. For some species (e.g. Pine
tracks. To make it clear which tracks they Marten, Rabbit, Mountain Hare) I have
are, I have circled them on a thumbnail of illustrated left and right tracks differently to
the four tracks together (e.g. below right). show the variation in how tracks can look.
Trails
The trail drawings illustrate the common
baseline gaits for each species. Clearly
Front Left Front Right these animals move in a range of different
gaits, but I have illustrated the commonest.
I also show a range of gaits within a group
of species that regularly transition from
one gait to another. For example, the
Hind Left Hind Right canids will often trot, overstep trot and
side-trot, and I have shown each of these
across the canid group. Some species have
two gaits illustrated (such as Otter, Coypu, Nauta, R. and Pot, A. (2019) Het
Roe Deer) where its common to find both. Prentenboek. Vledder, Netherlands:
The trails have also given me the EXTRA Uitgeverij.
opportunity to show slightly different track Olsen, L-H. (2013) Tracks and signs of the
presentations (partial tracks or registered animals and birds of Britain and Europe.
tracks where the hind foot lands on top of Princeton, USA: Princeton Univ. Press.
the front foot track) which I hope will give Puplett, D. (2023) Mammal tracks and
a “feel” for how the tracks might look in the signs. Telford, UK: Field Studies Council.
field. Rhyder, J. (2021) Track and sign: a guide
to the field signs of mammals and birds
How you can help of the UK. Cheltenham, UK: The History
If you have the perfect track photo that you Press.
think would help generate a more accurate
or representative track drawing, please do Acknowledgements
share and I will update this field guide. And The concept for this book started with
if there are species not in this book that drawing animal tracks for Wildniswind, and
you would like to see included, please I would like to thank the fabulous
share track photos and I will endeavour Wildniswind team – Miriam Schulz and
include these in future editions. Paula Roesch – for their support and
encouragement. Over the years, many
How I can help trackers have shared their track photos,
Some of the illustrations in here have insights and knowledge with me, and their
already been used (under contract) by generosity has made this book possible.
WWF Sweden, RSPB, Wildniswind and These wonderful people are listed below,
others. If you have an idea for a national, some of whom have also helped provide
regional or site-specific mammal track species names in their native languages to
publication, please do get in touch and let’s make this book a truly international one. I
see what we can create together to share would like to give special thanks to my
the joy, art and science of tracking. tracking mentor John Rhyder for his years
of teaching, sharing and encouragement.
References Thanks to everyone listed below and to the
Van Diepenbeek, A. (2019) Veldgids: wider tracking community (and European
Diersporen Europa. Zeist, Netherlands: Wildlife Tracking) for driving the European
KNNV Uitgeverij. tracking renaissance forwards.
Elbroch, M. and McFarland, C. (2019)
Mammal tracks and sign: a guide to Asaf Ben David, Rob Brumfitt, Chris Collins,
North American species. Second Edition. Bob Cowley, Sam Devine-Turner, Lea Eyre,
Connecticut, USA: Stackpole Books. Angel Javier España, Amy Fitzmaurice,
Grolms, J. (2021) Tier Spuren Europas: Richard Gerritsen, Stani Groenweg, Marcus
Spuren und Zeichen bestimmen und Kohler, Jennifer Lewis, Karen MacKelvie,
interpretieren. Stuttgart, Germany: Christian Meister, Georg Messerer, Cris
Eugen Ulmer KG. Miralles, René Nauta, Audrey Niederer,
Jędrzejewski, W. and Sidorovich, V. (2010) Dan Puplett, Toni Romani, John Rhyder,
The art of tracking animals. Białowieża, Simone Roters, Maximo Sánchez Cobo,
Poland: Mammal Research Institute, Mila Saunders, Miriam Schulz, Larissa
Polish Academy of Sciences. Slaney, Stan Smith, Jessie Watson-Brown,
Paul White, Don Wright.
Contents
Homo sapiens Human 1 Dama dama Fallow Deer 39
Macropus rufogriseus Bennett’sWallaby 2 Capreolus capreolus Roe Deer 40
Phoca vitulina Common Seal 3 Muntiacus reevesi Reeves’ Muntjac 41
Ursus arctos Brown Bear 4, 5 Hydropotes inermis Chinese Water Deer 42
Canis lupus Wolf 6 Bison bonasus Bison 43, 44
Canis aureus Golden Jackal 7 Bos taurus Cow 45, 46
Canis familiaris Dog 8 Ovibos moschatus Muskox 47, 48
Nyctereutes procyonoides Raccoon Dog 9 Ovis gmelinii Mouflon 49
Vulpes vulpes Red Fox 10 Ovis aries Feral Sheep 50
Vulpes lagopus Arctic Fox 11 Capra hircus Feral Goat 51
Lynx lynx Eurasian Lynx 12 Capra ibex Ibex 52
Lynx pardinus Iberian Lynx 13 Rupicapra rupicapra Chamois 53
Felis silvestris Wildcat 14 Lepus europaeus Brown Hare 54
Felis (silvestris) catus Cat 15 Lepus timidus Mountain Hare 55
Genetta genetta Genet 16 Oryctolagus cuniculus Rabbit 56
Herpestes ichneumon Mongoose 17 Sciurus carolinensis Grey Squirrel 57
Procyon lotor Raccoon 18 Sciurus vulgaris Red Squirrel 58
Meles meles Badger 19 Marmota marmota Alpine Marmot 59
Lutra lutra Otter 20 Spermophilus citellus European Souslik 60
Gulo gulo Wolverine 21 Hystrix cristata Crested Porcupine 61
Martes martes Pine Marten 22 Castor fiber Beaver 62
Martes foina Beech Marten 23 Myocastor coypus Coypu 63
Neovison vison American Mink 24 Ondatra zibethicus Muskrat 64
Mustela putorius Polecat 25 Arvicola amphibius Water Vole 65
Mustela erminea Stoat 26 Myodes glareolus Bank Vole 65
Mustela nivalis Weasel 27 Microtus agrestis Field Vole 66
Erinaceus europaeus Hedgehog 27 Microtus arvalis Common Vole 66
Talpa europaea Mole 28 Lemmus lemmus Norway Lemming 67
Sorex araneus Common Shrew 28 Rattus norvegicus Brown Rat 67
Equus caballus Horse 29 Rattus rattus Black Rat 68
Vicugna pacos Alpaca 30 Apodemus flavicollis Yellow-necked Mouse 68
Sus scrofa Wild Boar 31, 32 Apodemus sylvaticus Wood Mouse 69
Alces alces Elk 33, 34 Micromys minutus Harvest Mouse 69
Rangifer tarandus Reindeer 35, 36 Mus (musculus) domesticus House Mouse 70
Cervus elaphus Red Deer 37 Muscardinus avellanarius Hazel Dormouse 70
Cervus nippon Sika Deer 38 Glis glis Edible Dormouse 71
DE Mensch
EN Human Homo sapiens
ES Humano
FR Humain
IT Umano
NL Mens
PL Człowiek
RO Om
Not Life-size 1
DE Rotnackenwallaby
EN Bennett’s Wallaby Macropus
ES Ualabí de cuello rojo
FR
IT
Wallaby de Bennett
Wallaby dal collo rosso rufogriseus
NL Bennettwallaby
PL Kangur rdzawoszyi
RO Wallaby-ul lui bennett
2
DE Seehund
EN Harbour Seal Phoca vitulina
ES Foca común
FR Phoque veau marin
IT Foca comune
NL Gewone zeehond
PL Foka pospolita
RO Focă comună
3
DE Braunbär
EN Brown Bear Ursus arctos
ES Oso pardo
FR Ours brun
IT Orso bruno
NL Bruine beer
PL Niedźwiedź brunatny
RO Urs brun
4
DE Braunbär
EN Brown Bear Ursus arctos
ES Oso pardo
FR Ours brun
IT Orso bruno
NL Bruine beer
PL Niedźwiedź brunatny
RO Urs brun
5
DE Wolf
EN Wolf Canis lupus
ES Lobo
FR Loup
IT Lupo
NL Wolf
PL Wilk
RO Lup
6
DE
EN
Goldschakal
Golden Jackal Canis aureus
ES Chacal dorado
FR Chacal doré
IT Sciacallo dorato
NL Goudjakhals
PL Szakal złocisty
RO Şacal auriu
7
DE Hund
EN Dog Canis familiaris
ES Perro
FR Chien
IT Cane
NL Hond
PL Pies
RO Câine
Highly variable
8
DE Marderhund
EN Raccoon Dog Nyctereutes
ES Perro mapache
FR
IT
Chien viverrin
Cane procione procyonoides
NL Wasbeerhond
PL Jenot
RO Câine enot
9
DE Rotfuchs
EN Red Fox Vulpes vulpes
ES Zorro rojo
FR Renard roux
IT Volpe rossa
NL Vos
PL Lis rudy
RO Vulpe roșie
10
DE Polarfuchs
EN Arctic Fox Alopex lagopus
ES Zorro ártico
FR Renard polaire
IT Volpe artica
NL Poolvos
PL Lis polarny
RO Vulpea polară
11
DE Eurasischer Luchs
EN Eurasian Lynx Lynx lynx
ES Lince boreal
FR Lynx boréal
IT Lince eurasiatica
NL Lynx
PL Ryś
RO Râs eurasiatic
12
DE Iberischer Luchs
EN Iberian Lynx Lynx pardinus
ES Lince ibérico
FR Lynx pardelle
IT Lince pardina
NL Pardellynx
PL Ryś iberyjski
RO Râs iberic
13
DE Wildkatze
EN Wildcat Felis silvestris
ES Gato montés
FR Chat forestier
IT Gatto selvatico
NL Wilde kat
PL Żbik europejski
RO Pisică sălbatică
14
DE Katze
EN Cat Felis catus
ES Gato doméstico
FR Chat
IT Gatto domestico
NL Huiskat
PL Kot
RO Pisică
15
DE Ginsterkatze
EN Common Genet Genetta genetta
ES Gineta
FR Genette commune
IT Genetta
NL Genetkat
PL Żeneta zwyczajna
RO Geneta comună
16
DE Ichneumon
EN Egyptian Mongoose Herpestes
ES Meloncillo
FR
IT
Mangouste d'Egypte
Mangusta egiziana ichneumon
NL Egyptische mangoeste
PL Mangusta egipska
RO Mangustă egipteană
17
DE Waschbär
EN Raccoon Procyon lotor
ES Mapache boreal
FR Raton laveur
IT Procione
NL Wasbeer
PL Szop pracz
RO Raton
18
DE Dachs
EN Badger Meles meles
ES Tejón
FR Blaireau
IT Tasso
NL Das
PL Borsuk
RO Bursuc
19
DE Fischotter
EN Otter Lutra lutra
ES Nutria
FR Loutre
IT Lontra
NL Otter
PL Wydra
RO Vidra de râu
20
DE Vielfraß
EN Wolverine Gulo gulo
ES Glotón
FR Glouton
IT Ghiottone
NL Veelvraat
PL Rosomak
RO Gluton
21
DE Baummarder
EN Pine Marten Martes martes
ES Marta europea
FR Martre des pins
IT Martora
NL Boommarter
PL Kuna leśna
RO Jder de copac
]
22
DE Steinmarder
EN Beech Marten Martes foina
ES Garduña
FR Fouine
IT Faina
NL Steenmarter
PL Kuna domowa
RO Jderul de piatră
23
DE Nerz
EN American Mink Neovison
ES Visón americano
FR
IT
Vison d’Amérique
Visone americano vison
NL Amerikaanse nerts
PL Wizon amerykański
RO Nurca americană
24
DE Waldiltis
EN Polecat Mustela putorius
ES Turón
FR Putois
IT Puzzola
NL Bunzing
PL Tchórz
RO Dihor
25
DE Hermelin
EN Stoat Mustela erminea
ES Armiño
FR Hermine
IT Ermellino
NL Hermelijn
PL Gronostaj
RO Hermină
26
DE Mauswiesel
EN Least Weasel Mustela nivalis
ES Comadreja
FR Belette
IT Donnola
NL Wezel
PL Łasica
RO Nevăstuica
mică
DE
EN
Igel
Hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus
ES Erizo europeo
FR Hérisson d'Europe
IT Riccio comune
NL Egel
PL Jeż zachodni
RO Arici
27
DE
EN
Maulwurf
Mole Talpa europaea
ES Topo europeo
FR Taupe d'Europe
IT Talpa europea
NL Mol
PL Kret
RO Cârtiță
DE
EN
Spitzmaus
Common Shrew Sorex araneus
ES Musaraña bicolor
FR Musaraigne carrelet
IT Toporagno comune
NL Gewone bosspitsmuis
PL Ryjówka aksamitna
RO Chițcan de pădure
28
DE Pferd
EN Horse Equus caballus
ES Caballo
FR Cheval
IT Cavallo
NL Paard
PL Koń
RO Cal
Size variable 29
DE Alpaka
EN Alpaca Vicugna pacos
ES Alpaca
FR Alpaca
IT Alpaca
NL Alpaca
PL Alpaka
RO Alpacă
30
DE Wildschwein
EN Wild Boar Sus scrofa
ES Jabalí
FR Sanglier
IT Cinghiale
NL Wild zwijn
PL Dzik
RO Mistreţ
31
DE Wildschwein
EN Wild Boar Sus scrofa
ES Jabalí
FR Sanglier
IT Cinghiale
NL Wild zwijn
PL Dzik
RO Mistreţ
32
DE Elch
EN Elk Alces alces
ES Alce
FR Élan
IT Alce
NL Eland
PL Łoś
RO Elan
33
DE Elch
EN Elk Alces alces
ES Alce
FR Élan
IT Alce
NL Eland
PL Łoś
RO Elan
34
DE Rentier
EN Reindeer Rangifer
ES Reno
FR
IT
Caribou
Renna tarandus
NL Rendier
PL Renifer
RO Ren
35
DE Rentier
EN Reindeer Rangifer
ES Reno
FR
IT
Caribou
Renna tarandus
NL Rendier
PL Renifer
RO Ren
36
DE Rothirsch
EN Red Deer Cervus elaphus
ES Ciervo rojo
FR Cerf élaphe
IT Cervo nobile
NL Edelhert
PL Jeleń szlachetny
RO Cerb roșu
37
DE Sikahirsch
EN Sika Deer Cervus nippon
ES Ciervo sika
FR Cerf sika
IT Cervo sika del Giappone
NL Sikahert
PL Jeleń wschodni
RO Cerb pătat
38
DE Damhirsch
EN Fallow Deer Dama dama
ES Gamo
FR Daim
IT Daino
NL Damhert
PL Daniel zwyczajny
RO Cerb lopătar
39
DE Reh
EN Roe Deer Capreolus
ES Corzo
FR
IT
Chevreuil européen
Capriolo capreolus
NL Ree
PL Sarna europejska
RO Căprioară
40
DE Chinesisches Muntjak
EN Reeves’ Muntjac Muntiacus
ES Muntíaco de Reeves
FR
IT
Muntjac de chine
Muntjak della Cina reevesi
NL Muntjak
PL Mundżak
RO Muntiac chinezesc
41
DE Wasserreh
EN Chinese Water Deer Hydropotes
ES Ciervo acuático
FR
IT
Hydropote
Capriolo d'acqua inermis
NL Chinees waterree
PL Jelonkowiec błotny
RO Cerbul de apă
42
DE
EN
Wisent
European Bison Bison bonasus
ES Bisonte europeo
FR Bison D'Europe
IT Bisonte europeo
NL Wisent
PL Żubr europejski
RO Zimbru
43
DE
EN
Wisent
European Bison Bison bonasus
ES Bisonte europeo
FR Bison D'Europe
IT Bisonte europeo
NL Wisent
PL Żubr europejski
RO Zimbru
44
DE Hausrind
EN Cow Bos taurus
ES Vaca
FR Vache
IT Vacca
NL Rund
PL Krowa
RO Vacă
45
DE Hausrind
EN Cow Bos taurus
ES Vaca
FR Vache
IT Vacca
NL Rund
PL Krowa
RO Vacă
46
DE
EN
Moschusochse
Muskox Ovibos
ES Buey almizclero
FR
IT
Boeuf-musqué
Bue muschiato
moschatus
NL Muskusos
PL Piżmowół arktyczny
RO Bou moscat
47
DE
EN
Moschusochse
Muskox Ovibos
ES Buey almizclero
FR
IT
Boeuf-musqué
Bue muschiato
moschatus
NL Muskusos
PL Piżmowół arktyczny
RO Bou moscat
48
DE
EN
Mufflon
Anatolian Sheep Ovis gmelinii
ES Muflón de Anatolia
FR Mouflon
IT Muflone
NL Moeflon
PL Muflon
RO Muflon
49
DE Hausschaf
EN Feral Sheep Ovis aries
ES Oveja
FR Mouton
IT Pecora
NL Schaap
PL Owca
RO Oaie
Highly variable
50
DE
EN
Ziege
Feral Goat Capra hircus
ES Cabra doméstica
FR Chèvre
IT Capra
NL Geit
PL Koza domowa
RO Capră
51
DE Steinbock
EN Ibex Capra ibex/
ES Íbice alpino
FR
IT
Bouquetin
Stambecco pyrenaica
NL Steenbok
PL Koziorożec
RO Capră alpină
52
DE Gämse
EN Chamois Rupicapra
ES Rebeco
FR
IT
Chamois
Camoscio alpino rupicapra/ pyrenaica
NL Gems
PL Kozica północna
RO Capră neagră
53
DE Feldhase
EN Brown Hare Lepus
ES Liebre Europea
FR
IT
Lièvre d'Europe
Lepre comune europaeus
NL Haas
PL Zając Szarak
RO Iepure de câmp
54
DE Schneehase
EN Mountain Hare Lepus timidus
ES Liebre de Montaña
FR Lièvre variable
IT Lepre variabile
NL Sneeuwhaas
PL Zając bielak
RO Iepure de munte
55
DE Wildkaninchen
EN European Rabbit Oryctolagus
ES Conejo europeo
FR
IT
Lapin de garenne
Coniglio selvatico cuniculus
NL Konijn
PL Królik europejski
RO Iepure de vizuină
56
DE Grauhörnchen
EN Grey Squirrel Sciurus
ES Ardilla gris
FR
IT
Écureuil gris
Scoiattolo grigio carolinensis
NL Grijze eekhoorn
PL Wiewiórka szara
RO Veveriță cenușie
57
DE Eichhörnchen
EN Red Squirrel Sciurus vulgaris
ES Ardilla roja
FR Écureuil roux
IT Scoiattolo rosso
NL Rode eekhoorn
PL Wiewiórka pospolita
RO Veveriță roșcată
58
DE
EN
Alpenmurmeltier
Alpine Marmot Marmota
ES Marmota alpina
FR
IT
Marmotte des Alpes
Marmotta alpina
marmota
NL Alpenmarmot
PL Świstak alpejski
RO Marmotă alpină
59
DE
EN
Ziesel
European Souslik Spermophilus
ES Suslik europeo
FR
IT
Spermophile
Citello comune
citellus
NL Siesel
PL Suseł moręgowany
RO Popândău european
60
DE Gewöhnliches Stachelschwein
EN Crested Porcupine Hystrix
ES Puercoespín
FR
IT
Porc épic à crête
Istrice europeo
cristata
NL Gewoon Stekelvarken
PL Jeżozwierz afrykański
RO Porc spinos cu coamă
61
DE Biber
EN Beaver Castor fiber
ES Castor
FR Castor
IT Castoro
NL Bever
PL Bóbr
RO Castor euroasiatic
62
DE Nutria
EN Coypu Myocastor
ES Coipú
FR
IT
Ragondin
Nutria coypus
NL Beverrat
PL Nutria amerykańska
RO Nutrie
63
DE Bisam
EN Muskrat Ondatra
ES Rata almizclera
FR
IT
Rat musqué
Topo muschiato zibethicus
NL Muskusrat
PL Piżmak amerykański
RO Bizam
64
DE
EN
Schermaus
Water Vole Arvicola amphibius
ES Rata topera
FR Grand Campagnol
IT Arvicola acquatica
NL Woelrat
PL Karczownik ziemnowodny
RO Șobolan de apă
DE
EN
Rötelmaus
Bank Vole Clethrionomys
ES Topillo rojo
FR
IT
Campagnol roussâtre
Arvicola rossastra
glareolus
NL Rosse woelmuis
PL Nornica ruda
RO Șoarece scurmător
65
DE
EN
Erdmaus
Field Vole Microtus agrestis
ES Topillo agreste
FR Campagnol agreste
IT Arvicola agreste
NL Aardmuis
PL Nornik bury
RO Șoarece de pământ
DE Feldmaus
EN Common Vole Microtus arvalis
ES Topillo campesino
FR Campagnol des champs
IT Arvicola campestre
NL Veldmuis
PL Nornik zwyczajny
RO Soarecele de camp comun
66
DE
EN
Berglemming
Norway Lemming Lemmus lemmus
ES Lemming vulgar
# FR Lemming des toundras
IT Lemming comune
NL Berglemming
PL Leming norweski
RO Lemming al tundrei norvegiene
DE
EN
Wanderratte
Brown Rat Rattus norvegicus
ES Rata parda
FR Rat surmulot
IT Ratto delle chiaviche
NL Bruine rat
PL Szczur wędrowny
RO Șobolan cenușiu
67
DE
EN
Hausratte
Black Rat Rattus rattus
ES Rata negra
FR Rat noir
IT Ratto nero
NL Zwarte rat
PL Szczur śniady
RO Șobolan negru
DE
EN
Gelbhalsmaus
Yellow-necked Mouse Apodemus
ES Ratón leonado
FR
IT
Mulot fauve
Topo selvatico collo giallo
flavicollis
NL Grote bosmuis
PL Mysz leśna
RO Şoarece gulerat
68
DE
EN
Waldmaus
Wood Mouse Apodemus
ES Ratón de campo
FR
IT
Mulot sylvestre
Topo selvatico
sylvaticus
NL Gewone bosmuis
PL Myszarka zaroślowa
RO Şoarecele de pădure
DE
EN
Zwergmaus
Harvest Mouse Micromys
ES Ratón espiguero
FR
IT
Rat des moissons
Topolino delle risaie
minutus
NL Dwergmuis
PL Badylarka
RO Şoarece pitic
69
DE
EN
Hausmaus
House Mouse Mus musculus
ES Ratón casero
FR
IT
Souris commune
Topolino comune
domesticus
NL Huismuis
PL Mysz domowa
RO Şoarece de casă
DE
EN
Haselmaus
Hazel Dormouse Muscardinus
ES Lirón enano
FR
IT
Muscardin
Moscardino
avellanarius
NL Hazelmuis
PL Orzesznica leszczynowa
RO Pârș de alun
70
DE Siebenschläfer
EN Edible Dormouse Glis glis
ES Lirón gris
FR Loir
IT Ghiro
NL Relmuis
PL Popielica
RO Pârș cenușiu
71
Your author David Wege is a passionate naturalist,
birdwatcher, wildlife photographer, illustrator and author.
After a long career in international biodiversity conservation,
David now teaches tracking in the UK, following a path of
encouraging others to deepen their connection with the other-
than-human beings around us. Combining his deep knowledge
of tracks with artistry and illustration, David hopes that this
book will help others engage with the art of tracking. David is
co-author, with John Rhyder, of Bird Tracks: a field guide to
British species (2024).
Mammal tracks of Europe: a field guide to the tracks and trails of
European Mammals illustrates the tracks and trails of 72 European
mammal species. With portraits of each animal, and species names
in eight European languages, this book is an essential field
companion for trackers across Europe.
David Wege
www.davidwegenature.uk
@davidcwege
