Invers Matrix and Rank of Matrix
Invers Matrix:
Let A and B is two square matrix such that AB = BA = I n ,then B is said to be the inverse of A
and we write B = A−1 .Here the matrix B has A as its inverse and we write A = B −1 .
Example:
4 3 1 −3 1 0
A= and B = AB = BA = = I 2 so A = B −1 and B = A−1.
1 1 −1 4 0 1
Singular Matrix:Let A be any square matrix and if A = 0 then A is called singular matrix.
Example:
1 2
A= is sin gular Matrix .i.t A = 0.
2 4
Non-Singular Matrix:Let A be any square matrix and if A 0 then A is called singular
matrix.
Example:
1 5
A= is non − sin gular Matrix .i.t A 0.
2 12
Row Rank of matrix: The number of non-zero rows of row-echelon matrix is called row
rank.
1 2 3
Example: A = 0 1 2 ; Row rank = 2
0 0 0
Column Rank of matrix: The number of non-zero column of column -echelon matrix is
called column rank.
1 0 0
Example: A = 2 1 0 ; Column rank = 2
3 2 0
Rank of Matrix: Row rank and column rank of every matrix be equal. Row rank or
column rank of a matrix is called rank of the matrix.
1 0 0
Example: A = 2 1 0 ; rank = 2
3 2 0
Theorem:
1. Proof that adj AB = adjA.adjB. .
n−2
2. Proof that adj (adjA) = A A where A is n order square matrix and A 0.
3. Show that ( AB) −1 = B −1 A−1 where A and B are non sin gular matrix.
4. If A is orthogonal matrix, then show that At and A−1 are orthogonal.
Example : Find the inverse matrix following the matrix
Solution:
Question: Find the inverse matrix following the matrix.
1 0 1 2 3 4 1 3 4 1 2 −4
1 2
(1) A = (2) A = −1 1 1 (3) A = 4 3 1 (4) A = 3 −1 6 (5) A = −1 −1 5
3 4 0 1 0 1 2 4 −1 5 1 2 7 −3
1 −1 1 1 0 2 1 2 3 4 3 3
(6) A = 2 −1 0 (7) A = 2 −1 3 (8) A = 2 3 4 (9) A = −1 0 −1
1 0 0 4 1 8 1 5 7 −4 −4 −3
Example: :Reduce echelon form of following matrix also find out the rank of matrix
(Ans)
Question: Reduce echelon form of following matrix also find out the rank of matrix.
1 3 5 6 1 −2 1 0 1 2 −1 2 1
(1) A = 4 1 −2 4 (2) A = 0 2 −8 8 (3) A = 2 4 1 −2 3
−2 0 3 1 −4 5 9 −9 3 6 2 −6 5
2 1 3 4 0 0 1 −3 2
(4) A = −1 1 0 (5) A = 1 3 −1 (6) A = −1 2 0
0 3 3 2 2 5 −6 9 −3
0 1 −3 −1 2 2 −1 0 1
1 1 0 −1 1 −1 −1 2
0 1 1 −3 1
(7) A = 2 6 −3 −3 (8) A = (9) A =
3 1 0 2 1 1 −2 0 −1
3 10 −6 −5
1 1 −2 0 0 0 1 1 1
3 −2 0 −1 1 2 −3 −2 −3
1 2 3 0 1 3 −2 0
2 2 1 −4
(10) A = −2 3 4 (11) (12) A =
1 −2 −3 2 3 8 −7 −2 −11
0 7 10
0 1 2 1 2 1 −9 −10 −3
1 2 1 2
2 1 3 −2 0 1 2 −3 −2−3
1 2 1
0 2
2
6 −5 −2 4 −3 1 3 −2 0 −4
(13) A = 3 2 3 2 (14) A = (15) A =
8 0 5 10 0 15 3 8 −7 −2 −11
3 3 3 3
2 6 0 8 4 18 2 1 −9 10 −3
5 3 5 3
Md.Nurul Alam
Lecturer(Mathematics)
Barishal Engineering College, Barishal
