Tut -3

Poi'sson's Kernd i

4. ConshuohiMn of

Abel Sum i8 Abel sImmobde

conmplex munbors
A series ot
of

k=0 wth
Limis
intonch.amge
Remank : We cannot

infinik Abel Sumabilhy

Cecan0 Summability
Summabiliby sum
[parbal

H (k+) S k=0 N
k=o

6 =(1,-2, 3,
-4,5,-6, .)
-2,3,-3,
-)
S=(1,-1,2,

o-(1,0, 25.0, /s.0, 4/2,0,

.) docsit
oscillates
0 &
cenwerge

Y2
ble

Lm.o
othen

substaunee
one subsegamee

k-o
Swmmable
NOT Cesam

Not, Ar)
k=o
8/1) st.
find
4 4a)
B/r)-
Abel
This beHies
to Y4
5wmmable
Cesam Smn
Abel sum m.
 mmeans
Abel
tht
deline

n-0 T
x(e
whe T

= x() e
We ncd o shout A,(x)(t)

to be a convolu
hy

In! Jnt

P(E) = Er Po1ssoN'S KERNEL

lit us detne
P,(6)

-n
Inl Jnt
e
in=-00

le we P,t)
1-lw

|-w

>0
I-2Toest +y
 Kehhels
proPS. ofGood'
hecking pmops.

2
2
Now, 2
42Y (4-t65t) (1-r) + 4r. sint
SOrme

(t) <
2

Poisson Kernl is a g00d kernel

The

* Reoa!

1. L9I tovwoluhisn

2. Gomplex
aystemo

exponenials e LSI

3. Fouuen Serw%:

for o signal which iu T- peuodie

h(t)
k= ylt)-/A(ka)e
k=-o

This is ealcd. Syathesis Equabiou .

 jko,t
dt

Analyss ae opeuodic
we enconter
mAst
signals as a
signals
aperiodie
lok at as T
Ne signal
Tpenindic

T
I-T,

sin(wT )
asin (kw,Ti)
wkw,
set of ohs. signals 25im(on - Xlw)
Selcd. ab , speeilie
dioeree 'set
feguineits

of
kw, ke

more
As
To, taking

X(w) in the w-domhin

18

becomus
xt) essenhially
As
ks T , tte periodie siguol.

to T,
tehungudan pulse (apousdic) lasting finm
its
X(w) - a sin (wTi)
is duhined to be
FoRIER
TRANSFORM
 witte a period of T

x()

-T 0 T

of
tet c be Bhe Fourier Sories Coetfinto zpft)

Tl2
jkuyt
The, zt)
xplt)=

Te
ejku,t
T x(t)
dt
x/t) foso
=0fr

jkyt
xt) e dt
T

#) foo when
hun /t)
-0

) is

(t)
mot symmchie about

We
og
Can asswme
i.e. T
=3
orgun

&

fom -3,3)
T=6
:
xlt) b be
3 present

ohoice

lhimabely.
we want
3 3 S G
 case, Ta xlw)
gucnal
his as
is defined
x()
X(w)
is
Trowsfom
whore, Fouriey

of FT stvting

Hka we mobhivated

bine-linabed
linmibcd.
the

signal,
delunihisu

) dhesvit howe to be

hoy X(o)
per se or ne to compuke
hime-loitd

Suthesis
jku,t
)= k=-o0

jku,t
X(kws) e
k=-0 w,T

jkw,t
ŽX(ku:) e
k=-o0

As X(w) i6 Sampled at kw,

is

ame
voe,emans Aame for [kw,,(ke))
lts

(is tonsiduned)

,
ejku,t
WiHh W

(k)o,

Inverse fourier
dw Trawsfem of

00 X(o)
-
0R
 -at
ut)
00

X(u) = te -at jut

00

-(a jo) atyw

x(t) =e

xt) -2
Rlabon
X(o)e dw )x()ed
d.t

x(E) X (w)

Fourier Tramstom

>re-0relo
-lbl

tw?

jot
xt)=Xw)e duw
dit.
-00

ArT

[GouIssiaM Pulse]
A,

dx(w) dw
dw

x4) x(u)

tx(t)
,;dx(w)
dw
Differenbihim
im
fraguney

dxlw) jat
dw

jwt,
te
-0

dXl)
-t'2 jut e
dw 00

6N()j X()
d,x(w) =-w Xw)
dw dw 2
+C.
- wdw
X()

X(w)= Ke
 The Fouvien Trausfom of

dewaun is anotten Goussion sigwol in t

dormaa
frgucney

Tne saling

dt
X'o) x(8) e du- dt

x(u)e xt)e

x(w)
xt)

xlot) x: :aaeR

NOTE :
hab ane "Jocalised' n tine ane
Sianals
n the pechra demain, ond

PoMseals Theore

-00
-00
00

8IT x*(o).Xo) dw
-

-00
 Comsider a fuute envgyignal lt})

X(o)| doo - E

-00

Now, Plt) >0 We ca

PH)dE =1
Recap

E I te,co,+0,
then

ibig th
make them eT0
albring the densihis

febunduidth Poduot) ie
lt)-žt-t:)çt
1 2

-0
0

hrsevas
Theoren
EJ- 00 -00

Lt x/t) be real- yalued

dzlt)

gt)= dt
-Schwar, we
2
dx(t)
txt).
dt

Nour, t = t tit)
|-o0
-0

AssuMe : b tit) = 0 I-E=

 2
otoiwhy
4

cauit be orbiharily conubhotd in bt,

lhe xignal

if dxlt) :-atxlt) for

halds
Equality dt

eat kand linited,

Ia sianal is ine- limited., it cont be

At)
wtthawuplihud
lat x(t) be omplex-valucd,,
qunnally,
t).
and plhase
j.+t)
Ten, x(t) =A(t). e"
E=1

et t)= txlt)
) dat)
dt

V tz') dt
-/9
 dt =
-00

Nt aruady kuev, be inkrpretd as prb.

E dzmaiby

Hen, xlt)
E
A(t)
Á)
expeshahisn

2
4
 hich

optimal

Convoluton
that
2
,2
xlt)=e

4
timc- bandavidt

in Time
(it. p:0
poduet ).
& x(t) achieves .
ylt)- x(t) * ht) =

Y(w) = yt)e dt :
-00

-00

x() +.Alt) xw) H(w)

Multplicohn in
Te

zt)ylt)
H(a). x(w-a) a)
-00
 dt

-00

ko x(t) sùn(u,t ), x(u) divorges

then X(w) eists

x/t)
L (R)
dt

< 00

i8 contwuous in w
then X (w)
jat
at -xltle
t|X(w)-X(o)
x(a)

TIeot|. xtti| dt -0
ww
Lemma
RuamQ lobesque
Fwivn Iransfonw

X(w) =
-

-2 sin (Tru)

xt) m.x-w)

Ung dualhy : 2m.sinc(t) x(-w)

smc(t) (-w)

xlt)

Is X(w) e (R) ?
X

sinc(w)
Sinc(w) dw ?

Area-9.1+A

sinc(uo)l
duoo0
TT
 fT. of Xlw)
,invese
(o)e dw
sinc lmibing off of Fouricr Senes

L'(R) tns
ated wth

s take xt). s.t

dX(w)
txE) dw

tzt) e (R) oonhiusnaby difunbiable

dw2
2
tx(t)

E: I xt) has fasby duay, then X(w) hs

Smotncss egularihy , and, vis vesa
then Xlw) has faster decay
 x(t)
|00

X(w) =
jo
Assupien :) exists

By considorig X(u)=
Hhuse aasumetišns

Recall :
Ix,
-00
lt))aF

at abe
X(w) decays
atleast

lt) e L'(R) then Xw) (xl

Propenty
 Funchons
Deonasing

Funohi) t E)
(Schware
m, n
and
dn

x/) is a Schwar2

for some tonst Cm,

> Result of
DeT

-e
-00 by takig
the lim unsLoe
AE) is abs- ivnt.

be able to choose
Give
aV y ES0, we shoutd
s(a,e) t. x(o)-x(o) <EE whneNor w-<S (w, e)

PMNATED CoNVERGENCE THEO REM (DCT)

be a

00
<
SuppOse lfME)| <glt) tn,t
 we coud say that by
by taking
taking w-o < 6(0,e)
We can make E0
then we don ned the De a rgu that

X) is conbvuous

f4) e (u)t j
x(t)

x(t)

f n,t

AIE. Prof hat sinelt) is NOT absoubly iwtgrable.

|In the Lost doas, we drew ins

incribing tinglu
But, we are mot ue if that can be done]

Le. it might ke possibe

n
|Sin(Tb))
Jt |sin(nt)|

n-1
|sin(rbl

Now, In-, n]L t

; n21, ne
2

(sin(nt)l
V
Tn

2
 in the
tha
Foeing Schware F s(R)
of

Tske T st.
d"xt) |
Ht, p>l, pe Z
then x w) E S(R)
It xt)E S(R),

tt, p>
(t+1e )P

then e) e L'(R)
FACT:I xt) e s[R)
SlR)

ond lt) € L(R)

xlt) e L"(R)
 -e)
x)- e

x)=e

x)e s(R)
,
Suppose

x/) X(w)

deo

on both sides,
Takma modudus

4"X(o)y/
dwh

Tul.
with ohain
epand
We kum,
ohrady
ike tx)

X (w) E S(R)
 N
DsTRIBUTIO
TEMPERED

s(*)
lincan funchimal
toubLous

T%)- T)+ 8, Tl4)

T:S(IR)C

I ,€S(R) is a
Sohware fs eowergng to ¢e S(R),

Hhen

E C
Mwritten as
T) is

8 is delincd as
94 The Dirnt disbibuhion

sl4) - lo)

TB )a be complor- valued
fu st. E)/E)at

T,
flt), we ass0eiabe a distibuhisn
wbh
 disbibuhion

then F(w) e S (R)

ut flt) e S(R)

F(w). d(w) dw
-00
-00

-0 -00

.The outoome of pairing T: with is th

We dafne
dukine FT. a dishibuhisn T, donebed as ).
F),
onathen dishibuhin Auh that
 which may may no be in slR
a fi f(t)
hawe
we
Supase
as50Ciate
We can
as
dikind

isibuhom &istn buhon,

NOT C
n0

S(w).(w) dw = $(0) =(t)e dt

) &E (1,4)