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The CG2023 Signals & Systems course, taught by Dr. Ng Chun Sum, focuses on essential signal processing techniques for computer engineering students. Key topics include signal representation, Fourier transforms, linear time-invariant systems, and the Nyquist sampling theorem. Assessments comprise a midterm quiz, software lab, mini-project, and a final examination, with all materials available online.

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7 views

SS~00

The CG2023 Signals & Systems course, taught by Dr. Ng Chun Sum, focuses on essential signal processing techniques for computer engineering students. Key topics include signal representation, Fourier transforms, linear time-invariant systems, and the Nyquist sampling theorem. Assessments comprise a midterm quiz, software lab, mini-project, and a final examination, with all materials available online.

Uploaded by

eugenepxb007
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CG2023 Signals & Systems Page 0-1

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

CG2023:

Course Instructor
Ng Chun Sum (Ph.D.)
Associate Professor
Office: E4 06-19
Email: [email protected]

© 2015-2017 Chun Sum NG


CG2023 Signals & Systems Page 0-2

SYNOPSIS

Signals and systems play a crucial role in our everyday life, and more so with the proliferation of
information technology. It is therefore essential for computer engineers to be equipped with knowledge of
basic signal processing techniques and their applications. This first course in signals and systems is
designed for early stage computer engineering students. Topics covered include: time and frequency
domain representations of signals and systems; Fourier series; Fourier transform; energy spectrum and
power spectrum of signals; impulse response and frequency response of systems; bandwidth; and signal
sampling and reconstruction.

OBJECTIVES

In this course, students will learn things like:


• How to: classify signals based on their properties; apply Fourier techniques to transform signals
between their time-domain (waveform) and frequency domain (spectrum) representations; evaluate the
energy, power and bandwidth of signals
• How to: apply the concepts of impulse response, frequency response and transfer function to
characterize linear time-invariant (LTI) systems; use frequency selective LTI systems (or filters) to
shape the spectrum of a signal.
• How to model the sampling process leading to the Nyquist sampling theorem and its application for
perfect signal reconstruction.

© 2015-2017 Chun Sum NG


CG2023 Signals & Systems Page 0-3

SYLLABUS

1. Signal Representation
Periodic and aperiodic signals, analog and digital signals, time and frequency domains.

2. Review of mathematical tools


Complex numbers, Fourier series and Fourier transform.

3. Spectral Content of a Signal


Amplitude and phase spectra, energy and power spectral densities,Parseval’s theorem, signal
bandwidth.

4. Sampling and Signal Reconstruction


Fourier transform of a sampled signal, signal reconstruction, aliasing, Nyquist sampling theorem.

5. Introduction to Systems
Types of systems, system properties, linear time-invariant (PTI) systems, time=domain model of LTI
systems, convolution.

6. Frequency Response of LTI Systems


Sinusoidal response, frequency response of first and second order systems, Bode plots, bandwidth.

7. Applications of Signals and Systems


Examples: AM and FM modulation, Butterworth filter, equalizer, crossover networks.

© 2015-2017 Chun Sum NG


CG2023 Signals & Systems Page 0-4

LEARNING OUTCOMES
On completion of this course of study, students should be able to:
1. Describe a signal in time and frequency domains
2. Compute the Fourier Transforms of simple signals : Spectrum of Periodic and Aperiodic Signals
3. Calculate the bandwidth, power and energy spectra of signals
4. Describe and identify the characteristics of linear time invariant systems
5. Construct the frequency response of systems via Bode plots
6. Explain aliasing and evaluate the impact of the Nyquist sampling theorem

COURSE MATERIALS
All course materials are downloadable from the IVLE workbin.

ASSESSMENTS
25% Midterm Quiz (Closed-book)
10% Software Lab (Sounds and Spectra of Periodic Signals)
15% Mini-Project (Amplitude Modulation and Demodulation)
50% Final Examination

PRE-REQUISITES
MA1506 Mathematics II

PRECLUSIONS
EE2009 Signals, EE2010 Systems and Control and EE2023 Signals and Systems

© 2015-2017 Chun Sum NG


CG2023 Signals & Systems Page 0-5

REFERENCES
1. Hwei Hsu, Schaum's Outline of Signals and Systems, McGraw Hill.
2. Erhan Kudeki and David C. Munson, Jr, Analog Signals and Systems, Pearson Prentice Hall.

LECTURE/TUTORIAL SCHEDULE

DAY: Tuesday TIME: 4 PM to 6 PM VENUE: E3-06-01


DAY: Thursday TIME: 2 PM to 4 PM VENUE: E3-06-01

Date: 5 May 2017


Time: 2:30 PM
EXAMINATION
Venue: TBA
Please reconfirm by checking this link: EXAMINATION TIMETABLE

Tutorials will be scheduled en route to synchronize with lectures. Students are expected
to attend both scheduled lessons in each week. Students will be notified of a tutorial
session at least one lesson ahead to allow for preparation time.

Makeup lesson, if needed, will be held on Saturday between 10 am and 12 noon unless a
suitable weekday time slot can be arranged.

© 2015-2017 Chun Sum NG


CG2023 Signals & Systems Page 0-6

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TOPICS Page
1. Signals and Classification of Signals 1-1
1.1 Signals 1-1
1.1.1 Classification of Signals 1-2
1.2 Basic Signals 1-14
1.3 Time-Scaling, -Reversal and -Shifting of Signals 1-19
End of Chapter 1-21

2. Discrete-Frequency Spectrum (Fourier Series) 2-1


2.1 What is a Spectrum in the Context of Signals? 2-1
2.2 Spectrum of a Sinusoid 2-2
2.2.1 Complex Exponentials and Phasors (The concept of negative frequency) 2-6
2.3 Fourier Series 2-7
2.3.1 Complex Exponential Fourier Series 2-7
2.3.2 Trigonometric Fourier Series 2-9
End of Chapter 2-14

3. Continuous-Frequency Spectrum (Fourier Transform) 3-1


3.1 Fourier Transform 3-1
3.2 Properties of Fourier Transform 3-8
3.3 Spectral Properties of a REAL Signal 3-19
3.4 The Dirac-δ and Spectrum of Periodic Signals 3-23
3.4.1 The Continuous-time Unit Impulse (Dirac-δ function) 3-23
© 2015-2017 Chun Sum NG
CG2023 Signals & Systems Page 0-7

TOPICS Page
3.4.2 Spectrum of Periodic Signals 3-26
End of Chapter 3-31

4. ESD, PSD and Bandwidth 4-1


4.1 Energy Spectral Density (ESD) - - - a.k.a. Energy Spectrum 4-1
4.2 Power Spectral Density (PSD) - - - a.k.a. Power Spectrum 4-4
4.2.1 PSD of Periodic Signals 4-7
4.3 Bandwidth 4-10
4.3.1 Bandlimited Signals 4-10
4.3.2 Signals with Unrestricted Band 4-13
End of Chapter 4-17

5. Systems and Classification of Systems 5-1


5.1 Systems 5-1
5.1.1 Classification of Systems 5-2
5.2 Remarks 5-7
End of Chapter 5-7

6. Linear Time-Invariant Systems 6-1


6.1 Impulse Response 6-2
6.2 Frequency Response 6-5
6.2.1 Expressing Fourier Transfrom in ω-domain 6-7
6.3 Bode Diagram 6-10
6.3.1 Transfer Function 6-11
6.3.2 Construction of Straight-line Bode Plots 6-14
© 2015-2017 Chun Sum NG
CG2023 Signals & Systems Page 0-8

TOPICS Page

6.3.3 Resonance in Second Order Systems 6-29


6.3.4 Asymptotic Behavior of Bode Straight-line Plots 6-32
End of Chapter 6-34

7. Sampling Theorem 7-1


7.1 Idealized Linear Time-Invariant Filters 7-2
7.2 Continuous-time Sampling and Reconstruction of Signals 7-4
7.3 Sampling Band-limited Bandpass Signal below Nyquist Rate 7-10
End of Chapter 7-13

8. Some Applications (Reference) 8-1


8.1 Butterworth Filter 8-1
8.2 Equalizers and Crossover Networks 8-10
8.2.1 Graphic Equalizer 8-10
8.2.2 Crossover Network 8-12
8.3 Harmonics Suppression using Notch Filters 8-14
8.4 AM Radio 8-16
8.5 Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) 8-21
End of Chapter 8-23

© 2015-2017 Chun Sum NG

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