Scribd
Upload
1 views

Lecture19

The document discusses structures in programming, which are collections of variables grouped under a single name for easier data management. It provides examples of structure declarations, nested structures, and the use of typedef to create new data types. Additionally, it includes examples of how to declare and use structures in C programming.

Uploaded by

sanjida05alfa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
1 views

Lecture19

The document discusses structures in programming, which are collections of variables grouped under a single name for easier data management. It provides examples of structure declarations, nested structures, and the use of typedef to create new data types. Additionally, it includes examples of how to declare and use structures in C programming.

Uploaded by

sanjida05alfa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

CSE 1011 Lecture 19

Lecture – 19

Structures: A structure is a collection of one or more variables, possibly different types,


grouped together under a single name for convenient handling. Structures help to
organize complicated data particularly in large programs because they permit a group of
related variables to be treated as a unit instead of as separate entities.

General format of structure:

struct tag_name{
type element 1;
type element 2;
.
.
.
type element n;
} variables;

The keyword struct introduces a structure declaration, which is a list of declaration


enclosed in the braces. An optional name called a structure tag name may follow the
word struct. The variables named in the structure are called members. A structure
member or tag and an ordinary variable can have the same name without conflict, since
they can be always distinguished by context. A structure declaration defines a type. The
right brace that terminates the list of members may be followed by a list of variables, just
as for any basic types. That is

struct { . . . }a, b, c, … , n;

Example 1:
void main()
{
struct book
{
char name[20];
float price;
int pages;
}b = {“Teach yourself C”, 45.35, 640};
printf(“%s\t%f\t%d”,b .name, b .price, b .pages);
}

One structure can be nested with another structure.

Tanveer Ahmed Belal 1/3 Dept of CSE, AUST


Lecture 20

Example 2:
void main()
{
struct address
{
char phone[15];
char city[25];
int pin;
};
struct emp
{
char name[25];
struct address a;
};
struct emp e = {“Karim”, “0171530476”, “Dhaka”,10};
printf(“ name = %s\n phone = %s”, e .name, e .a .phone);
printf(“\n city = %s \n pin = %d”, e .a .city, e .a .pin);
}

typedef: Syntex of using typedef is given below:

typedef data_type variable;

Example 3:
void main()
{
typedef int x;
x y;
y = 5;
printf(“%d”,y);
}

Example 4:
void main()
{
struct student
{
char name[100];
int roll;
char address[100];
float gpa;
}
typedef struct student std;
std std1,std2 = {“Rahim”,25, “South Kamalapur, Dhaka”, 3.78};
std1 = std2;
printf(“%s\t%d\t%s\t%f ”, std1 .name, std1 .roll, std1 .address, std1 .gpa);
}
Example 5:

2/3
Lecture 20

void main()
{
int i;
struct point
{
int x;
int y;
}p[5];
for(i = 0; i < 5; i ++)
scanf(“%d%d”, & p[i] . x, & p[i] . y);
for(i = 0; i < 5; i ++)
printf(“%d\t%d\n”, p[i] . x, p[i] . y);
}

Example 6:
void main()
{
struct point * p;
struct point
{
int x;
int y;
};
p = (struct point *) malloc (sizeof(struct point));
p→x=5;
p → y = 7;
printf(“%d\t%d\n”, p → x, p → y);
}

3/3

You might also like