hich component is designed to protect against unauthorized communications to and from a

computer?

• security center

• port scanner

• antimalware

• antivirus

• firewall

Which command will block login attempts on RouterA for a period of 30 seconds if there are 2 failed
login attempts within 10 seconds?

• RouterA(config)# login block-for 10 attempts 2 within 30

• RouterA(config)# login block-for 30 attempts 2 within 10

• RouterA(config)# login block-for 2 attempts 30 within 10

• RouterA(config)# login block-for 30 attempts 10 within 2

What is the purpose of the network security accounting function?

• to require users to prove who they are

• to determine which resources a user can access

• to keep track of the actions of a user

• to provide challenge and response questions

What type of attack may involve the use of tools such as nslookup and fping?

• access attack

• reconnaissance attack

• denial of service attack

• worm attack

Match each weakness with an example.

• security policy weakness: The network administrator did not fully consider the implications of
unauthorized users accessing the network.

• configuration weakness: When implementing an access list on a router, a network engineer did not
filter a type of malicious traffic.
 • technological weakness: A network engineer is examining the operating system of a network device
for vulnerabilities.

Match the type of information security threat to the scenario.

• Cracking the password for a known username is a type of access attack.

Which example of malicious code would be classified as a Trojan horse?

• malware that was written to look like a video game

• malware that requires manual user intervention to spread between systems

• malware that attaches itself to a legitimate program and spreads to other programs when launched

• malware that can automatically spread from one system to another by exploiting a vulnerability in the
target

What is the difference between a virus and a worm?

• Viruses self-replicate but worms do not.

• Worms self-replicate but viruses do not.

• Worms require a host file but viruses do not.

• Viruses hide in legitimate programs but worms do not.

Which attack involves a compromise of data that occurs between two end points?

• denial-of-service

• man-in-the-middle attack

• extraction of security parameters

• username enumeration

Which type of attack involves an adversary attempting to gather information about a network to
identify vulnerabilities?

• reconnaissance

• DoS

• dictionary

• man-in-the-middle

Match the description to the type of firewall filtering.

 • Stateful packet inspection: Prevents or allows access based on whether the traffic is in response to
requests from internal hosts.

• URL filtering: Prevents or allows access based on web addresses or keywords.

• Application filtering: Prevents or allows access based on the port numbers used in the request.

• Packet filtering: Prevents or allows access based on the IP or MAC addresses of the source and
destination.

What is the purpose of the network security authentication function?

• to require users to prove who they are

• to determine which resources a user can access

• to keep track of the actions of a user

• to provide challenge and response questions

Which firewall feature is used to ensure that packets coming into a network are legitimate responses
to requests initiated from internal hosts?

• stateful packet inspection

• URL filtering

• application filtering

• packet filtering

When applied to a router, which command would help mitigate brute-force password attacks against
the router?

• exec-timeout 30

• service password-encryption

• banner motd $Max failed logins = 5$

• login block-for 60 attempts 5 within 60

Identify the steps needed to configure a switch for SSH.

• Explanation: The login and password cisco commands are used with Telnet switch configuration, not
SSH configuration.

What feature of SSH makes it more secure than Telnet for a device management connection?

• confidentiality with IPsec

• stronger password requirement

 • random one-time port connection

• login information and data encryption

What is the advantage of using SSH over Telnet?

• SSH is easier to use.

• SSH operates faster than Telnet.

• SSH provides secure communications to access hosts.

• SSH supports authentication for a connection request.

What is the role of an IPS?

• detecting and blocking of attacks in real time

• connecting global threat information to Cisco network security devices

• authenticating and validating traffic

• filtering of nefarious websites

A user is redesigning a network for a small company and wants to ensure security at a reasonable
price. The user deploys a new application-aware firewall with intrusion detection capabilities on the ISP
connection. The user installs a second firewall to separate the company network from the public
network. Additionally, the user installs an IPS on the internal network of the company. What approach is
the user implementing?

• attack based

• risk based

• structured

• layered

What is an accurate description of redundancy?

• configuring a router with a complete MAC address database to ensure that all frames can be
forwarded to the correct destination

• configuring a switch with proper security to ensure that all traffic forwarded through an interface is
filtered

• designing a network to use multiple virtual devices to ensure that all traffic uses the best path
through the internetwork

• designing a network to use multiple paths between switches to ensure there is no single point of
failure
 A network administrator is upgrading a small business network to give high priority to real-time
applications traffic. What two types of network services is the network administrator trying to
accommodate?

• voice

• video

• instant messaging

• FTP

• SNMP

What is the purpose of a small company using a protocol analyzer utility to capture network traffic on
the network segments where the company is considering a network upgrade?

• to identify the source and destination of local network traffic

• to capture the Internet connection bandwidth requirement

• to document and analyze network traffic requirements on each network segment

• to establish a baseline for security analysis after the network is upgraded

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator is testing connectivity to a remote device with the IP address
10.1.1.1. What does the output of this command indicate?

• Connectivity to the remote device was successful.

• A router along the path did not have a route to the destination.

• A ping packet is being blocked by a security device along the path.

• The connection timed out while waiting for a reply from the remote device.

Which method is used to send a ping message specifying the source address for the ping?

• Issue the ping command from within interface configuration mode.

• Issue the ping command without specifying a destination IP address.

• Issue the ping command without extended commands.

• Issue the ping command after shutting down un-needed interfaces.

57. An administrator decides to use “Elizabeth” as the password on a newly installed router. Which
statement applies to the password choice?

• A. It is weak because it uses easily found personal information.

• B. It is strong because it uses a passphrase.

 • C. It is weak since it is a word that is easily found in the dictionary.

• D. It is strong because it uses a minimum of 10 numbers, letters, and special characters.

Answer: C
Explanation: "Elizabeth" is a dictionary word, making it a weak password.

58. A network technician is troubleshooting an issue and needs to verify the IP addresses of all
interfaces on a router. What is the best command to use to accomplish the task?

• A. show ip interface brief

• B. nslookup

• C. ipconfig getifaddr en0

• D. show ip route

Answer: A
Explanation: The show ip interface brief command displays all IP addresses on the router interfaces.

59. Students who are connected to the same switch are having slower than normal response times. The
administrator suspects a duplex setting issue. What is the best command to use to accomplish the
task?

• A. show interfaces

• B. ipconfig getifaddr en0

• C. copy running-config startup-config

• D. show ip nat translations

Answer: A
Explanation: The show interfaces command will display interface statuses, including duplex settings.

60. A user wants to know the IP address of the PC. What is the best command to use to accomplish the
task?

• A. ipconfig

• B. copy running-config startup-config

• C. show interfaces
 • D. show ip nat translations

Answer: A
Explanation: The ipconfig command displays the IP address of the PC.

61. A student wants to save a router configuration to NVRAM. What is the best command to use to
accomplish the task?

• A. copy running-config startup-config

• B. show interfaces

• C. show ip nat translations

• D. show ip route

Answer: A
Explanation: The copy running-config startup-config command saves the current configuration to NVRAM.

62. A support technician needs to know the IP address of the wireless interface on a MAC. What is the
best command to use to accomplish the task?

• A. ipconfig getifaddr en0

• B. copy running-config startup-config

• C. show interfaces

• D. show ip nat translations

Answer: A
Explanation: The ipconfig getifaddr en0 command shows the IP address of the wireless interface on a MAC.

63. A network technician is troubleshooting an issue and needs to verify all of the IPv6 interface
addresses on a router. What is the best command to use to accomplish the task?

• A. show ipv6 interface

• B. show interfaces

• C. show ip nat translations

• D. show ip route

Answer: A
Explanation: The show ipv6 interface command displays all IPv6 addresses on the router interfaces.
64. A teacher is having difficulties connecting his PC to the classroom network. He needs to verify that a
default gateway is configured correctly. What is the best command to use to accomplish the task?

• A. ipconfig

• B. copy running-config startup-config

• C. show interfaces

• D. show ip nat translations

Answer: A
Explanation: The ipconfig command shows the default gateway for a PC.

65. Only employees connected to IPv6 interfaces are having difficulty connecting to remote networks.
The analyst wants to verify that IPv6 routing has been enabled. What is the best command to use to
accomplish the task?

• A. show running-config

• B. show interfaces

• C. copy running-config startup-config

• D. show ip nat translations

Answer: A
Explanation: The show running-config command will display whether IPv6 routing is enabled.

66. An administrator is troubleshooting connectivity issues and needs to determine the IP address of a
website. What is the best command to use to accomplish the task?

• A. nslookup

• B. show ipv6 route

• C. show ipv6 interface

• D. copy startup-config running-config

Answer: A
Explanation: The nslookup command helps determine the IP address of a website.

67. What is a characteristic of UDP?

 • A. UDP datagrams take the same path and arrive in the correct order at the destination.

• B. Applications that use UDP are always considered unreliable.

• C. UDP reassembles the received datagrams in the order they were received.

• D. UDP only passes data to the network when the destination is ready to receive the data.

Answer: C
Explanation: UDP does not reorder datagrams; it reassembles them in the order they arrive

23. An administrator is testing connectivity to a remote device with the IP address 10.1.1.1. What does
the output of this command indicate?

• A. Connectivity to the remote device was successful.

• B. A router along the path did not have a route to the destination.

• C. A ping packet is being blocked by a security device along the path.

• D. The connection timed out while waiting for a reply from the remote device.

Answer: D
Explanation: A period (.) in the ping output indicates a timeout while waiting for a reply.

24. Which method is used to send a ping message specifying the source address for the ping?

• A. Issue the ping command from within interface configuration mode.

• B. Issue the ping command without specifying a destination IP address.

• C. Issue the ping command without extended commands.

• D. Issue the ping command after shutting down un-needed interfaces.

Answer: B
Explanation: By issuing the ping command without a destination IP address, the Cisco IOS enters extended
ping mode, which allows specifying the source IP address.

25. A network engineer is analyzing reports from a recently performed network baseline. Which
situation would depict a possible latency issue?

• A. A change in the bandwidth according to the show interfaces output.

• B. A next-hop timeout from a traceroute.

• C. An increase in host-to-host ping response times.

 • D. A change in the amount of RAM according to the show version output.

Answer: C
Explanation: An increase in ping response times can indicate a latency issue.

26. Which statement is true about Cisco IOS ping indicators?

• A. ‘!’ indicates that the ping was unsuccessful and that the device may have issues finding a DNS
server.

• B. ‘U’ may indicate that a router along the path did not contain a route to the destination address and
that the ping was unsuccessful.

• C. ‘.’ indicates that the ping was successful but the response time was longer than normal.

• D. A combination of ‘.’ and ‘!’ indicates that a router along the path did not have a route to the
destination address and responded with an ICMP unreachable message.

Answer: B
Explanation: The "U" indicates that a router along the path did not have a route to the destination address.

27. A user reports a lack of network connectivity. The technician takes control of the user machine and
attempts to ping other computers on the network and these pings fail. The technician pings the default
gateway and that also fails. What can be determined for sure by the results of these tests?

• A. The NIC in the PC is bad.

• B. The TCP/IP protocol is not enabled.

• C. The router that is attached to the same network as the workstation is down.

• D. Nothing can be determined for sure at this point.

Answer: D
Explanation: A failed ping could mean other devices on the network are blocking pings, so further
investigation is needed.

28. A network technician issues the C:> tracert -6 www.cisco.com command on a Windows PC. What is
the purpose of the -6 command option?

• A. It forces the trace to use IPv6.

• B. It limits the trace to only 6 hops.

• C. It sets a 6 milliseconds timeout for each reply.

 • D. It sends 6 probes within each TTL time period.

Answer: A
Explanation: The -6 option forces the trace to use IPv6.

29. Why would a network administrator use the tracert utility?

• A. To determine the active TCP connections on a PC.

• B. To check information about a DNS name in the DNS server.

• C. To identify where a packet was lost or delayed on a network.

• D. To display the IP address, default gateway, and DNS server address for a PC.

Answer: C
Explanation: The tracert utility is used to identify the path a packet takes from source to destination and
where it may be delayed or lost.

30. A ping fails when performed from router R1 to directly connected router R2. The network
administrator then proceeds to issue the show cdp neighbors command. Why would the network
administrator issue this command if the ping failed between the two routers?

• A. The network administrator suspects a virus because the ping command did not work.

• B. The network administrator wants to verify Layer 2 connectivity.

• C. The network administrator wants to verify the IP address configured on router R2.

• D. The network administrator wants to determine if connectivity can be established from a non-
directly connected network.

Answer: B
Explanation: The show cdp neighbors command verifies Layer 2 connectivity between Cisco devices.

31. A network engineer is troubleshooting connectivity issues among interconnected Cisco routers and
switches. Which command should the engineer use to find the IP address information, host name, and
IOS version of neighboring network devices?

• A. show version

• B. show ip route

• C. show interfaces
 • D. show cdp neighbors detail

Answer: D
Explanation: The show cdp neighbors detail command reveals detailed information about neighboring
devices, including IP address and IOS version.

32. What information about a Cisco router can be verified using the show version command?

• A. The routing protocol version that is enabled.

• B. The value of the configuration register.

• C. The operational status of serial interfaces.

• D. The administrative distance used to reach networks.

Answer: B
Explanation: The show version command allows you to verify the value of the configuration register.

33. Which command should be used on a Cisco router or switch to allow log messages to be displayed
on remotely connected sessions using Telnet or SSH?

• A. debug all

• B. logging synchronous

• C. show running-config

• D. terminal monitor

Answer: D
Explanation: The terminal monitor command is used to display log messages on remote sessions.

34. Which command can an administrator issue on a Cisco router to send debug messages to the vty
lines?

• A. terminal monitor

• B. logging console

• C. logging buffered

• D. logging synchronous

Answer: A
Explanation: The terminal monitor command sends debug messages to the vty lines.
35. By following a structured troubleshooting approach, a network administrator identified a network
issue after a conversation with the user. What is the next step that the administrator should take?

• A. Verify full system functionality.

• B. Test the theory to determine cause.

• C. Establish a theory of probable causes.

• D. Establish a plan of action to resolve the issue.

Answer: C
Explanation: After identifying the problem, the next step is to establish a theory of probable causes.

36. Users are complaining that they are unable to browse certain websites on the Internet. An
administrator can successfully ping a web server via its IP address, but cannot browse to the domain
name of the website. Which troubleshooting tool would be most useful in determining where the
problem is?

• A. netstat

• B. tracert

• C. nslookup

• D. ipconfig

Answer: C
Explanation: The nslookup command is useful to troubleshoot DNS resolution issues.

37. An employee complains that a Windows PC cannot connect to the Internet. A network technician
issues the ipconfig command on the PC and is shown an IP address of 169.254.10.3. Which two
conclusions can be drawn? (Choose two.)

• A. The PC cannot contact a DHCP server.

• B. The DNS server address is misconfigured.

• C. The default gateway address is not configured.

• D. The PC is configured to obtain an IP address automatically.

• E. The enterprise network is misconfigured for dynamic routing.

Answer: A, D
Explanation: A 169.254.x.x IP address means the PC couldn't contact a DHCP server, and the PC is set to
automatically obtain an IP address.

38. Refer to the exhibit. Host H3 is having trouble communicating with host H1. The network
administrator suspects a problem exists with the H3 workstation and wants to prove that there is no
problem with the R2 configuration. What tool could the network administrator use on router R2 to prove
that communication exists to host H1 from the interface on R2, which is the interface that H3 uses when
communicating with remote networks?

• A. traceroute

• B. show cdp neighbors

• C. Telnet

• D. an extended ping

Answer: D
Explanation: An extended ping allows specifying the source address to check connectivity from the router to
H1.

39. Refer to the exhibit. Baseline documentation for a small company had ping round trip time statistics
of 36/97/132 between hosts H1 and H3. Today the network administrator checked connectivity by
pinging between hosts H1 and H3 that resulted in a round trip time of 1458/2390/6066. What does this
indicate to the network administrator?

• A. Connectivity between H1 and H3 is fine.

• B. H3 is not connected properly to the network.

• C. Something is causing interference between H1 and R1.

• D. Something is causing a time delay between the networks.

Answer: D
Explanation: The large round trip times indicate something is causing a delay between the networks.

40. Which network service automatically assigns IP addresses to devices on the network?

• A. DHCP

• B. Telnet

• C. DNS
 • D. traceroute

Answer: A
Explanation: The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) automatically assigns IP addresses to
devices on the network.

4o mini

hich command can an administrator execute to determine what interface a router will use to reach
remote networks?

a) show arp
b) show interfaces
c) show ip route
d) show protocols

‫اإلجابة‬:
c) show ip route

2. On which two interfaces or ports can security be improved by configuring executive timeouts?
(Choose two.)

a) Fast Ethernet interfaces

b) console ports
c) serial interfaces
d) vty ports
e) loopback interfaces

‫اإلجابة‬:
b) console ports
d) vty ports

3. When configuring SSH on a router to implement secure network management, a network engineer
has issued the login local and transport input ssh line vty commands. What three additional
configuration actions have to be performed to complete the SSH configuration? (Choose three.)

a) Set the user privilege levels.

b) Generate the asymmetric RSA keys.
c) Configure the correct IP domain name.
d) Configure role-based CLI access.
e) Create a valid local username and password database.
f) Manually enable SSH after the RSA keys are generated.
‫اإلجابة‬:
b) Generate the asymmetric RSA keys.
c) Configure the correct IP domain name.
e) Create a valid local username and password database.

4. What is considered the most effective way to mitigate a worm attack?

a) Change system passwords every 30 days.

b) Ensure that all systems have the most current virus definitions.
c) Ensure that AAA is configured in the network.
d) Download security updates from the operating system vendor and patch all vulnerable systems.

‫اإلجابة‬:
d) Download security updates from the operating system vendor and patch all vulnerable systems.

5. Which statement describes the ping and tracert commands?

a) Tracert shows each hop, while ping shows a destination reply only.
b) Tracert uses IP addresses; ping does not.
c) Both ping and tracert can show results in a graphical display.
d) Ping shows whether the transmission is successful; tracert does not.

‫اإلجابة‬:
a) Tracert shows each hop, while ping shows a destination reply only.

6. A technician is to document the current configurations of all network devices in a college, including
those in off-site buildings. Which protocol would be best to use to securely access the network
devices?

a) FTP
b) HTTP
c) SSH
d) Telnet

‫اإلجابة‬:
c) SSH

7. Which command has to be configured on the router to complete the SSH configuration?

a) service password-encryption
b) transport input ssh
c) enable secret class
d) ip domain-name cisco.com

‫اإلجابة‬:
b) transport input ssh

8. An administrator decides to use “WhatAreyouwaiting4” as the password on a newly installed router.

Which statement applies to the password choice?

a) It is strong because it uses a passphrase.

b) It is weak because it is often the default password on new devices.
c) It is weak since it uses easily found personal information.
d) It is weak since it is a word that is easily found in the dictionary.

‫اإلجابة‬:
d) It is weak since it is a word that is easily found in the dictionary.

9. An administrator decides to use “pR3s!d7n&0” as the password on a newly installed router. Which
statement applies to the password choice?

a) It is strong because it uses a minimum of 10 numbers, letters, and special characters.

b) It is weak because it is often the default password on new devices.
c) It is weak since it uses easily found personal information.
d) It is weak since it is a word that is easily found in the dictionary.

‫اإلجابة‬:
a) It is strong because it uses a minimum of 10 numbers, letters, and special characters.

10. An administrator decides to use “5$7*4#033!” as the password on a newly installed router. Which
statement applies to the password choice?

a) It is strong because it contains 10 numbers and special characters.

b) It is weak because it is often the default password on new devices.
c) It is weak since it uses easily found personal information.
d) It is strong because it uses a minimum of 10 numbers, letters, and special characters.

‫اإلجابة‬:
d) It is strong because it uses a minimum of 10 numbers, letters, and special characters.

11. An administrator decides to use “pR3s!d7n&0” as the password on a newly installed router. Which
statement applies to the password choice?
a) It is strong because it uses a minimum of 10 numbers, letters, and special characters.
b) It is weak since it is a word that is easily found in the dictionary.
c) It is strong because it uses a passphrase.
d) It is strong because it contains 10 numbers and special characters.

‫اإلجابة‬:
a) It is strong because it uses a minimum of 10 numbers, letters, and special characters.

12. An administrator decides to use “12345678!” as the password on a newly installed router. Which
statement applies to the password choice?

a) It is weak because it uses a series of numbers or letters.

b) It is strong because it uses a passphrase.
c) It is weak since it is a word that is easily found in the dictionary.
d) It is strong because it uses a minimum of 10 numbers, letters, and special characters.

‫اإلجابة‬:
a) It is weak because it uses a series of numbers or letters.

13. An administrator decides to use “admin” as the password on a newly installed router. Which
statement applies to the password choice?

a) It is weak because it is often the default password on new devices.

b) It is strong because it uses a passphrase.
c) It is strong because it uses a minimum of 10 numbers, letters, and special characters.
d) It is strong because it contains 10 numbers and special characters.

‫اإلجابة‬:
a) It is weak because it is often the default password on new devices.

14. An administrator decides to use “Feb121978” as the password on a newly installed router. Which
statement applies to the password choice?

a) It is weak because it uses easily found personal information.

b) It is strong because it uses a passphrase.
c) It is weak since it is a word that is easily found in the dictionary.
d) It is strong because it uses a minimum of 10 numbers, letters, and special characters.

‫اإلجابة‬:
a) It is weak because it uses easily found personal information.
15. An administrator decides to use “password” as the password on a newly installed router. Which
statement applies to the password choice?

a) It is weak because it is a commonly used password.

b) It is weak since it is a word that is easily found in the dictionary.
c) It is strong because it uses a passphrase.
d) It is strong because it uses a minimum of 10 numbers, letters, and special characters.

‫اإلجابة‬:
a) It is weak because it is a commonly used password.

16. An administrator decides to use “RobErT” as the password on a newly installed router. Which
statement applies to the password choice?

a) It is weak since it uses easily found personal information.

b) It is strong because it uses a passphrase.
c) It is strong because it uses a minimum of 10 numbers, letters, and special characters.
d) It is strong because it contains 10 numbers and special characters.

‫اإلجابة‬:
a) It is weak since it uses easily found personal information.

17. An administrator decides to use “Elizabeth” as the password on a newly installed router. Which
statement applies to the password choice?

a) It is weak because it uses easily found personal information.

b) It is strong because it uses a passphrase.
c) It is weak since it is a word that is easily found in the dictionary.
d) It is strong because it uses a minimum of 10 numbers, letters, and special characters.

‫اإلجابة‬:
a) It is weak because it uses easily found personal information.