4As MODULE
BASIC TROUBLESHOOTING AND CORRECTION OF CABLE
FAULTS AND ERRORS
In Partial Fulfillment of
the requirements for the subject
EDUC 109 Introduction to ICT 2
Submitted to:
LOVELIE T. JAEL
Davao Oriental State University
Dahican, Mati City
Submitted by:
CHRISHA FAITH M. MABAWAD
RICHARD MABAYANBAN
March 2025
Topic Title: Basic Troubleshooting and Correction of Cable Faults and Errors
Learning Outcome:
At the end of the unit, the students must have;
a) prepare for cable fault and errors; and
b) test and correct cable faults and errors.
Introduction:
In this module, students will explore the fundamental principles of troubleshooting and
correcting cable faults and errors. They will learn how to systematically prepare for identifying cable
issues, assess potential faults, and apply appropriate corrective measures to ensure proper
functionality. By understanding key diagnostic techniques, students will develop the knowledge
required to maintain and repair cable systems effectively. This module will equip learners with the
technical expertise necessary for accurate fault detection and correction, reinforcing the importance
of maintaining reliable communication networks.
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ACTIVITY – SPIN THE WHEEL!
Instructions:
1. The teacher will display spinning wheel, each labeled with a student's name on the screen.
2. The student that will be pointed by the arrow will solve the scrambled word that the teacher
will show.
SRAMBLED LETTERS:
1. THOUBLOSTREING
2. LACEB
3. ROSRRE
4. STET
5. GADIOSNE
ANALYSIS
1. Why is it important to properly prepare before troubleshooting cable faults and errors?
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2. What are some signs that a cable has a problem?
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ABSTRACTION
Cable Troubleshooting and Correction
Cable troubleshooting and correction is the process of identifying, diagnosing, and fixing
issues in electrical or communication cables. It involves checking for common problems such as
loose connections, broken or frayed wires, damaged insulation, and power failures. Proper
troubleshooting ensures that cables function correctly, safely, and efficiently, preventing disruptions
in electrical or data transmission systems.
Maintaining and repairing cables is essential for both safety and performance. Faulty cables
can cause power outages, equipment damage, or serious hazards like short circuits and electrical
fires. Regular troubleshooting helps prevent major failures, reduces downtime, and ensures the
smooth operation of electrical and communication networks. By promptly fixing cable issues,
individuals can avoid costly repairs, improve reliability, and create a safer environment for homes,
workplaces, and industrial settings.
Preparing for Cable Faults and Errors
Cable faults and errors can occur due to various reasons, including wear and tear, improper
installation, environmental factors, or electrical overloading. Being prepared helps in identifying and
resolving issues quickly, ensuring minimal downtime and maintaining safety.
1. Understanding Common Cable Faults
Before troubleshooting, it's important to know the types of faults that can occur:
Open Circuit Fault – When a wire is broken or disconnected, preventing current flow.
Short Circuit Fault – When two wires touch each other, causing an unintended connection.
Ground Fault – When a wire touches the ground or a conductive surface.
Overheating and Overloading – When too much current flows through the wire, leading to
insulation damage.
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Physical Damage – Wires
can be cut, crushed, or exposed due to external forces.
2. Essential Tools for Cable Fault Detection
Having the right tools makes it easier to locate and fix cable faults. Some essential tools
include:
Multimeter – Measures voltage, current, and resistance to check for continuity and faults.
Cable Tester – Checks connectivity and wiring issues in communication cables.
Insulation Resistance Tester – Detects insulation breakdown and leakage.
Clamp Meter – Measures current without breaking the circuit.
Megger (Megohmmeter) – Tests for insulation resistance in high-voltage cables.
Testing and Correcting Cable Faults and Errors
Cables are essential for transmitting power and data, but they can develop faults over time
due to wear, damage, or improper installation. Testing cables helps identify these issues, ensuring
they function correctly and safely. By using proper testing methods and correction techniques, cable
faults can be fixed effectively to prevent electrical hazards and communication failures.
Step-by-Step Guide to Testing and Correcting Cable Faults and Errors
Step 1: Ensure Safety First
Turn off the power before working on electrical cables.
Use insulated tools and wear safety gloves.
Check for live wires using a voltage tester to avoid electric shock.
Step 2: Inspect the Cable Visually
Look for common cable problems such as:
Loose connections
Exposed or frayed wires
Burn marks or melted insulation
Physical damage (cuts, bends, or breaks)
(If any damage is found, take note of where it is before proceeding.)
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Step 3: Test the Cable for Faults
Use the appropriate tool based on the type of cable:
Continuity Test (for broken wires)
a) Use a multimeter or continuity tester.
b) Place one probe at each end of the wire.
c) If the tester beeps or shows resistance, the wire is intact. If not, the wire is broken.
Short Circuit Test (for electrical faults)
a) Set a multimeter to resistance mode (Ω).
b) Place one probe on the live wire and the other on neutral/ground.
c) If the meter shows zero or very low resistance, there is a short circuit.
Insulation Test (for damaged wire covering)
a) Use an insulation resistance tester (megohmmeter).
b) Check if electricity leaks through the insulation.
c) Low insulation resistance means the insulation is damaged and must be repaired.
Network Cable Test (for internet/data cables)
a) Use a network cable tester to check if all wires are correctly connected.
b) If the tester lights do not show a proper sequence, the cable is faulty.
Step 4: Fix the Cable Faults
Once the issue is identified, apply the appropriate fix:
Loose Connections:
a) Tighten loose screws in terminals.
b) Ensure wires are securely fitted into connectors.
Broken or Frayed Wires:
a) Cut the damaged section and strip a fresh part of the wire.
b) Use wire connectors or electrical tape to join the wires securely.
Short Circuits:
a) Identify and separate wires touching each other.
b) Replace damaged sections with new insulated wires.
Damaged Insulation:
a) Cover small damage with electrical tape or heat shrink tubing.
b) If insulation is badly damaged, replace the wire.
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Faulty Data Cables:
a) If a network cable has incorrect wiring, re-crimp the connectors correctly.
b) If the cable is broken, replace it.
Step 5: Retest the Cable After Fixing
Use a multimeter, continuity tester, or cable tester again.
Ensure the repaired cable works correctly.
Secure the cable in place to prevent future damage.
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APPLICATION
General Instructions:
a) No cheating, including talking to classmates or using notes and phones.
b) Erasures are strictly not allowed.
c) Any answer that does not follow the given instructions will be marked incorrect.
TEST I: MULTIPLE CHOICE
Directions: Write your answer in UPPERCASE.
1. What is the first step before troubleshooting a cable?
a) Use a multimeter to check for faults
b) Turn off the power and ensure safety
c) Replace the cable immediately
d) Apply electrical tape to all exposed wires
2. Which tool is used to check for continuity in a cable?
a) Clamp meter
b) Cable cutter
c) Multimeter
d) Megger
3. What happens in a short circuit fault?
a) The wire is broken and disconnected
b) Two wires touch, causing an unintended connection
c) The insulation is overheated and damaged
d) The cable is overloaded with excess current
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4. How do you fix a broken or frayed wire?
a) Replace the entire electrical system
b) Cut the damaged section and reconnect properly
c) Cover it with any available tape
d) Leave it as it is
5. Which of the following is NOT a cause of cable faults?
a) Physical damage
b) Proper installation
c) Overloading
d) Environmental factors
TEST II: TRUE OR FALSE
Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is true, FALSE if it is false.
6. A continuity test is performed to check if electricity flows through a wire properly.
7. A short circuit fault occurs when a wire is broken or disconnected.
8. A megohmmeter (Megger) is used to test insulation resistance.
9. Retesting a cable after fixing a fault is unnecessary.
10. Ground faults occur when a wire touches a conductive surface or the ground.
TEST III. IDENTIFICATION
Directions: Write the correct answer. Wrong spelling is wrong.
11. What type of fault occurs when a wire is broken, preventing current flow?
12. What tool is used to check connectivity and wiring issues in communication cables?
13. What type of cable fault happens when too much current flows, causing insulation damage?
14. What step should always be performed after fixing a cable issue?
15. What tool measures voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit?
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REFERENCES AND SOURCES
Lewotsky, K. (2013). Troubleshooting tips: Cabling faults. Motion Control & Motor Association.
Bluechip Gulf. (2022). A guide to network installation and troubleshooting. Bluechip Gulf.
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