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ACT_Science_Test_6_Answer_Explanations

The document discusses the principles of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and its application in separating chemicals based on polarity, as well as the environmental and genetic hypotheses related to schizophrenia. It provides specific examples and explanations for various test solutions and their outcomes, alongside links to resources for ACT and SAT practice tests. The document emphasizes the relationship between environmental factors and genetic predispositions in the development of schizophrenia.

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5 views4 pages

ACT_Science_Test_6_Answer_Explanations

The document discusses the principles of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and its application in separating chemicals based on polarity, as well as the environmental and genetic hypotheses related to schizophrenia. It provides specific examples and explanations for various test solutions and their outcomes, alongside links to resources for ACT and SAT practice tests. The document emphasizes the relationship between environmental factors and genetic predispositions in the development of schizophrenia.

Uploaded by

mohammedredaalfa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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864. B.

2
Because the TLC test separates the chemicals in the test solution by their polarity, the
number of chemicals of different polarities is equal to the number of different stains on the
developed test strip. Because there are two stains present in test solution 1, there are two
chemicals of different polarity present.
865. C. draw the test solution up the glass strip
Read the text to answer this question about experimental procedure. According to the
passage, the purpose of the solvent is to draw the test solution up the glass strip.
866. B. less than nonpolar chemicals because they interact more with the polar substrate
According to the passage, the TLC strip separates the chemicals in the test solution by
polarity. It does this by using a polar substance on the test strip, stating that polar chemicals
interact more with this substance and thus travel less. Therefore, Choice (B) is correct.
867. D. 18 centimeters
The most nonpolar chemical is the one that will travel the farthest. The farthest stain in
solution 4 traveled 18 centimeters.
868. B. 0.25
Find the values for stain 1 on the table. Use the formula in the passage to figure out the
answer:

869. A. 1
The passage states that the most polar chemical is the one that travels the shortest distance.
Overall the shortest distance traveled by any stain was 3 centimeters in test solution 1.
870. C. nonpolar test solution; slow moving solvent
Evaluate the formula to answer this question.

To maximize value, you want a large travel distance of a stain (which corresponds to a

nonpolar chemical in test solution) and a small distance of solvent (which corresponds to one
that is slow moving). The combination of nonpolar solution and slow moving solvent is in
Choice (C).
871. C. was born to a mother who was infected with C. trachomatis during pregnancy
The environmental hypothesis explains that unborn children exposed to periods of infection
are more likely to develop schizophrenia, and therefore Choice (C) is correct. Choices (A)
and (B) apply to the genetic hypothesis, so you can eliminate them right away. Choice (D) is
not mentioned by either hypothesis.
872. B. Schizophrenic parents have a higher incidence of abusive parenting methods
than do parents who do not have the disease.
The environmental hypothesis purports that environmental elements are mostly to blame for
the development of schizophrenia, which makes Choice (A) automatically incorrect. Choices
(C) and (D) are not specific to children of parents who have schizophrenia. This leaves
Choice (B) as the best answer.
873. D. the types of anatomical changes in the brain that cause the disease
According to the passage, there are some consistent brain changes that can be described in
schizophrenia; therefore, Choice (D) is the best answer. The theories clash on how the
disease is transmitted, so Choice (A) is out. Only the environmental hypothesis deals with
cannabis use, and only the genetic hypothesis explains the role of the dysregulin gene.

874. C.
This question requires you to apply a bit of genetics from freshman biology class. Perform a
simple genetic cross.
The father has the genotype “dd” where d is the mutation allele. The mother is only a carrier,

so she has the “Dd” phenotype, where D is the unmutated allele. Therefore, of their

children would have the Dd genotype, and would have the dd genotype and display the
dysbindin mutation.
875. B. Schizophrenia occurs most often in those who experienced a childhood trauma
and have mutations in the neuregulin gene.
Choice (B) explains that both environmental (childhood trauma) and genetics (mutated
neuregulin gene) contribute to the development of the disease. Age isn’t mentioned by both
hypotheses. Choice (C) is related to the environmental hypothesis only, and Choice (D)
applies only to the genetic hypothesis.
876. D. Environmental: Malnutrition in utero is linked to schizophrenia. Genetic:
Dysbindin mutations are heritable factors in schizophrenia.
Choice (D) is the best answer. Malnutrition in utero is described by the environmental
hypothesis, while dysbindin mutation is explained in the genetic hypothesis.
Choices (A) and (B) are suspect because enlarged lateral ventricles are listed as general traits
of schizophrenia rather than a cause. Likewise, eliminate Choice (C) because the
environmental hypothesis observes a correlation between cannabis use and schizophrenia but

doesn’t specifically state how it affects receptors.


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