GUIDED REVISION JEE (Main +JEE

Advanced) 2024
(Advanced) 2024
ENTHUSIAST COURSE
ENTHUSIAST COURSE

PHYSICS GR # 03_KTG & THERMODYNAMICS

SECTION-I
Single Correct Answer Type 15 Q. [3 M (–1)]
1. Which of the following is a FALSE statement?
(A) The difference in entropy between two states of a system is independent of the path between the two
states.
(B) Entropy is a quantitative measure of disorder.
(C) The total entropy change in one cycle of a Carnot engine is zero.
(D) The entropy of an isolated system can decrease.
fuEu esa ls dkuS lk dFku vlR; g\S
(A) fdlh fudk; dh nks voLFkkvksa ds e/; ,UVªksih esa ifjorZu nksuksa voLFkkvksa ds e/; iFk ij fuHkZj ugh djrk gAS
(B) ,UVªkis h vfu;ferrk dk ek=kRed ekiu gAS
(C) dkuksZ batu ds ,d pØ esa dqy ,UVªksih ifjorZu 'kwU; gksrk gAS
(D) fdlh foyfxr fudk; dh ,UVªksih ?kV ldrh gAS
Ans. (D)
2. A carnot refrigerator operates between –3°C and 27°C. How much work must be done so as to extract
1 kJ of heat from the refrigerator?
,d dkuksZ jsfÝtjsVj dks –3°C rFkk 27°C ds e/; çpkfyr fd;k tkrk gAS jsfÝtjsVj ls 1 kJ Å"ek fudkyus ds fy, fdruk
dk;Z fd;k tkuk pkfg;s\
1000
(A) 100 J (B) 104 J (C) J (D) 900 J
9
Ans. (C)
Q extracted T1 270
Sol. COP = work done = T - T = =9
2 1 30
1000
Þ work = J
9
3. Two carnot engines A and B are operated in series. The first one A receives heat at 1200K and rejects to
a reservoir at T K. The second engine B receives the heat rejected by the first engine and in turn rejects
to a heat reservoir at 300 K. Calculate the value of T, when work outputs of the two engines are equal :-
nks dkuksaZ batuksa A rFkk B dks Js.khØe esa lapkfyr fd;k tkrk gAS igyk A batu 1200 K okyh Å"ek çkIr djrk gS rFkk
T K okys ik= dh vksj fu"dkflr djrk gAS nwljk batu B igys batu }kjk fu"dkflr Å"ek dks xzg.k djrk gS rFkk fQj
300 K okys Å"ek ik= dh vksj fu"dkflr djrk gAS T dk eku Kkr dhft;s] tc nksuksa batuksa }kjk fd;k x;k dk;Z leku
gksA
(A) 600 K (B) 750 K (C) 450 K (D) 900 K
Ans. (B)
W W
Sol. = hl = h2
Ql + W Ql

W 300
=l-
Ql T

1 1200 - T
=
T 1200
1+
T - 300
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4. A thin heavy metal plate is being bombarded by a perpendicular beam of gas particles from both sides as
shown in the figure. The solid dots are representing the molecules hitting from left side and the faint dots
are the molecules hitting from right side. The mass of these gas particles is m = 10–26 kg and velocity
before hitting is v0 = 5 m/s. Volume density of the gas particles on both sides is n = 1025 per m3. Each
beam has an area A = 1m2 and the collisions are perfectly elastic. What is the external force F (in
newton) required to move the plate with a constant velocity v = 2 m/s.
fp=kuqlkj ,d iryh Hkkjh /kkfRod IysV ds nksuksa vksj xl
S h; d.kksa ds yEcor~ iqat dh ckNS kj dh tkrh gAS xgjs fcUnq cka;h
vksj ls vkdj Vdjkus okys v.kqvksa dks rFkk gYds fcUnq nka;h vksj ls vkdj Vdjkus okys v.kqvksa dks n'kkZrs gAS bu xlS h;
d.kksa dk æO;eku m = 10 kg gS rFkk Vdjkus ls iwoZ osx v0 = 5 m/s gAS nksuksa vksj xl
–26
S h; d.kksa dk vk;ru ?kuRo
n = 1025 per m3 gAS çR;sd iqat dk {ks=Qy A = 1m2 gS rFkk VDdjsa iw.kZr;k çR;kLFk gAS IysV dks fu;r osx v = 2 m/
s ls xfr djkus ds fy, vko';d cká cy F (U;wVu esa) gksxk :

v F

(A) 8 N (B) 10 N (C) 12 N (D) 6 N

Ans. (A)
Sol. F = 2mhA[(v0 + v)2 – (v0 – v)2]
= 2(10–26)(1025)(1)[(5 + 2)2 – (5 – 2)2]
= 0.2 × 40 = 8 N
r kQ
Sol. EA =
14
r kQ
EB =
3
r kQ
EC =
12
EB = 4EC
ˆi + 2jˆ + 3kˆ
EA Þ
14
ˆi + ˆj - kˆ
EB =
3
ˆ -E
E ˆ =1+2–3=0
A B

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5. A cylindrical tube of cross-sectional area A has two air tight frictionless pistons at its two ends. The
pistons are tied with a straight piece of metallic wire. The tube contains a gas at atmospheric pressure P0
and temperature T0. If temperature of the gas is doubled then the tension in the wire is
vuqizLFkdkV {ks=Qy A okyh ,d csyukdkj uyh ds nksuksa fljksa ij nks ok;q:¼ ?k"kZ.kjfgr fiLVu yxs gq, gaAS ;s fiLVu ,d
/kkfRod rkj ds lh/ks VqdM+s ls tqM+s gq, gaSA uyh esa P0 ok;qe.Myh; nkc rFkk T0 rkieku ij ,d xl
S Hkjh gqbZ gAS ;fn xl
S
dk rkieku nqxuq k dj fn;k tk;s rks rkj esa ruko dk eku gksxk %&

(A) 4 P0 A (B) P0A/2 (C) P0 A (D) 2 P0 A

Ans. (C)
Sol. P ® 2P

T
P0A 2P0A

6. A closed container is fully insulated from outside. One half of it is filled with an ideal gas X separated by
a plate P from the other half Y which contains a vacuum as shown in figure. When P is removed, X
moves into Y. Which of the following statements is correct?

(A) No work is done by X (B) X decreases in temperature

(C) X increases in internal energy (D) X doubles in pressure
,d can ik= ckgj ls iw.kZr;k dqpkyd gAS bls IysV P }kjk nks Hkkxksa X rFkk Y esa foHkkftr dj fn;k tkrk gSA
(fp= ns[ksa) Hkkx X esa ,d vkn'kZ xl
S Hkj nh tkrh gS tcfd nwljk vk/kk Hkkx Y] fuokZfrr gAS P dks gVkus ij X, Y esa
feyus yxrk gAS lgh dFku pqfu;sA

(A) X }kjk dksbZ dk;Z ugha fd;k tkrk gSA (B) X dk rkieku ?kVrk gAS
(C) X dh vkarfjd ÅtkZ c<+rh gAS (D) X dk nkc nqxquk gks tkrk gSA
Ans. (A)
7. Water is heated in an open pan where the air pressure is 10+5 Pa. The water remains a liquid, which
expands by a small amount as it is heated. Determine the ratio of the heat absorbed by the water to the
work done by water. (g for water = 10–3/C, S = 1 cal/gm°C)
ikuh dks ,d [kqys ik= esa xeZ djrs gaS] tgka ok;q nkc 10+5 Pa gAS ikuh nzo voLFkk esa gh jgrk gS tks fd xeZ djus ij vYi
ek=k esa izlkfjr gksrk gSA ikuh }kjk vo'kksf"kr Å"ek rFkk ikuh }kjk fd;s x;s dk;Z ds e/; vuqikr gksxk
(ikuh ds fy;s g = 10–3/°C, S = 1 cal/gm°C)
(A) 4.2 × 103 (B) 4.2 × 105 (C) 4.2 × 102 (D) 4.2 × 104
Ans. (D)
DQ msDT
Sol. =
DW P DV
Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo. E-3/18
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8. Two identical vessels A & B contain equal amount of ideal monoatomic gas. The piston of A is fixed but
that of B is free. Same amount of heat is absorbed by A & B. If B's internal energy increases by 100 J the
change in internal energy of A is :-
nks loZle ik=ksa A o B esa fdlh vkn'kZ ,dijekf.od xl
S dh leku ek=k Hkjh gqbZ gAS A dk fiLVu fLFkj gS tcfd B
dk fiLVu eqDr :i ls xfr dj ldrk gAS A rFkk B }kjk Å"ek dh leku ek=k vo'kksf"kr dh tkrh gAS ;fn B dh
vkarfjd ÅtkZ esa 100 J dh o`f¼ gks tk;s rks A dh vkarfjd ÅtkZ esa ifjorZu gksxk %&

500
(A) 100 J (B) J (C) 250 J (D) none of these\buesa ls dksbZ ugha
3
Ans. (B)
3
Sol. nRDT = 100
2
DQ = DU + DW
3
For isobaric DQ = n RDT + RnDT
2
5
= ( nRDT )
2

5æ3 ö 500
DQ = ç nRDT ÷ =
3è2 ø 3

500
DQ = DU =
3
9. An ideal gas expands from volume V1 to V2. This may be achieved by either of the three processes:
isobaric, isothermal and adiabatic. Let DU be the change in internal energy of the gas, Q be the quantity
of heat added to the system and W be the work done by the gas. Identify which of the following
statements is false for DU?
(A) DU is least under adiabatic process.
(B) DU is greatest under adiabatic process.
(C) DU is greatest under the isobaric process.
(D) DU in isothermal process lies in-between the values obtained under isobaric and adiabatic processes.
,d vkn'kZ xlS dks vk;ru V1 ls V2 rd izlkfjr fd;k tkrk gSA ,slk] rhu izØeksa lenkch;] lerkih; vFkok :¼ks"e esa
ls fdlh ,d izØe }kjk fd;k x;k gSA ekuk xSl dh vkarfjd ÅtkZ esa ifjorZu DU] fudk; dks nh xbZ Å"ek] Q o fudk;
ij xSl }kjk fd;k x;k dk;Z W gS rks DU ds lanHkZ esa fuEu esa ls dkuS lk dFku xyr gS\
(A) :¼ks"e izØe esa DU dk eku lcls de gAS
(B) :¼ks"e izØe esa DU dk eku lcls vf/kd gAS
(C) lenkch; izØe esa DU dk eku lcls vf/kd gAS
(D) lerkih; izØe esa DU dk eku] lenkch; o :¼ks"e esa blds ekuksa ds chp fdlh eku ds cjkcj gSA

E-4/18 Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo.

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Ans. (B)
P
P1 V1

Sol. P2
V V

Dw more in isobaric
DU least in isobaric
3 3
DU = nRDT = nR [ P1V2 - P1V1 ]
2 2
3 3 3
DU = nRDT = nR [ P2 V2 - P1V1 ] = nR ( P1V1 - P2 V2 ) Þ P2 < P1
2 2 2
10. Suppose that two heat engines are connected in series, such that the heat exhaust of the first engine is
used as the heat input of the second engine as shown in figure. The efficiencies of the engines are h1 and
h2, respectively. The net efficiency of the combination is given by
nks Å"ek baftuksa dks Js.khØe esa bl izdkj tksM+k tkrk gS fd izFke batu ls mRlftZr Å"ek nwljs batu ds fy;s fuos'kh Å"ek
dk dk;Z djrh g]S fp= ns[ksaA ;fn bu baftuksa dh n{krk,sa Øe'k% h1 o h2 gks rks bl fudk; dh dqy n{krk gksxh%&

Th
Q1
w1
Q2
Tm
Q2
w2
Q3
Tc

h1
(A) hnet = h2 + (1 – h1)h2 (B) hnet = (1 - h ) h
1 2

1 - h1
(C) hnet = h1 + (1 – h1)h2 (D) hnet = (1 - h ) h
2 2

Ans. (C)
Q1 - Q 2 Q
Sol. h1 = = 1- 2
Q1 Q1

Q2
Q1 = 1- h
1

Q2 - Q3 Q
h2 = = 1- 3
Q2 Q2

Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo. E-5/18

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Q3 = Q2 (1 – h2)
Q1 - Q 3 Q
Now h = = 1- 3
Q1 Q1

Q 2 (1 - h2 )
= 1- (1 - h1 )
Q2
11. An ideal gas is taken from temperature Ti to Tf. Tf > Ti by 3 different reversible processes.
(a) isobaric (b) isochoric (c) adiabatic
The change in entropy is DSb, DSu & DSS respectively. Choose the correct relation between them.
,d vkn'kZ xSl dks rkieku Ti ls Tf. Tf > Ti rd 3 fofHkUu mRØe.kh; izØeksa ls gksdj xqtkjk tkrk gS
(a) lenkch (b) levk;rfud (c) :¼ks"e
,UVªkWih esa ifjorZu Øe'k% DSb, DSu o DSS gks rks buds e/; lgh laca/k pqfu;sA
(A) DSb > DSu > DSS (B) DSS > DSu > DSb
(C) DSb > DSS > DSu (D) DSu > DSb > DSS
Ans. (A)
12. At temperature T, N molecules of gas A each having mass m and at the same temperature 2N molecules of
gas B each having mass 2m are filled in a container. The mean square velocity of molecules of gas B is v2
and mean square of x component of velocity of molecules of gas A is w2. The ratio of w2/v2 is :
,d ik= esa T rkieku ij xlS A ds N v.kq (izR;sd dk nzO;eku m g)S rFkk blh rki ij xl
S B ds 2N v.kq (izR;sd dk
S B ds v.kqvksa dk oxZ ek/; osx v2 rFkk xl
nzO;eku 2m gS) Hkjs tkrs gaSA xl S A ds v.kqvksa ds osx ds x-?kVd dk ekè; oxZ
2 2 2
w gAS rc w /v dk eku gksxk %&
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 1/3 (D) 2/3
Ans. (D)
Sol. For gas A For gas B
1 æ 3RT ö 3RT
w2 = ç ÷ v2 =
3è M ø 2M

v2 2
=
w2 3
13. When unit mass of water boils to become steam at 1000C, it absorbs Q amount of heat. The densities of
water and steam at 1000C are r1 and r2 respectively and the atmospheric pressure is p0. The increase in
internal energy of the water is
tc bdkbZ nzO;eku ty dks Q Å"ek nsdj mckyk tkrk gS rks 1000C ij ;g Hkki esa ifjofrZr gks tkrk gAS 1000C ij ty
rFkk Hkki ds ?kuRo Øe'k% r1 o r2 rFkk ok;qe.Myh; nkc p0 gAS ty dh vkarfjd ÅtkZ esa o`f¼ gksxh %&

æ1 1 ö æ 1 1ö æ1 1 ö÷
(A) Q (B) Q + p0 ç - ÷ ç - ÷ ç +
(C) Q + p0 ç r r ÷ (D) Q - p0 ç r r ÷
çr r ÷ è 2 1ø è 1 2ø
è 1 2ø

Ans. (B)
Sol. DQ = DU + Dw
DU = DQ – Dw

E-6/18 Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo.

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é1 1ù
w = P0DV = P0(Vf – Vi) = P0 ê r - r ú
ë 2 1û

æ 1 1ö
Now DQ = Q - P0 ç - ÷
è r2 r1 ø
14. An enclosed ideal gas is taken through a cycle as shown in the figure. Then
(A) Along AB, temperature decreases while along BC temperature increases
(B) Along AB, temperature increases while along BC the temperature decreases.
(C) Along CA work is done by the gas and the internal energy remains constant.
(D) Along CA work is done on the gas and internal energy of the gas increases.

,d ifjc¼] vkn'kZ xl
S dks fp=kuqlkj ,d pØh; izØe ls xqtkjk tkrk gAS rc
(A) AB ds vuqfn'k rkieku ?kVrk gS rFkk BC ds vuqfn'k rkieku c<+rk gAS
(B) AB ds vuqfn'k rkieku c<+rk gS rFkk BC ds vuqfn'k rkieku ?kVrk gSA
(C) CA ds vuqfn'k xl
S }kjk dk;Z fd;k tkrk gS rFkk vkarfjd ÅtkZ fu;r cuh jgrh gAS
(D) CA ds vuqfn'k xlS ij dk;Z fd;k tkrk gS rFkk xl
S dh vkarfjd ÅtkZ c<+rh gAS
Ans. (A)
1
Sol. For AB : Pressure constant increases so V decreases
V
so PV ® decreases
Temperature decreases
For BC :
V constant Þ P increases so
PV increases Þ Temp increase
For CA :
m
P= +C
V
PV = m + CV
nRT = m + CV
1
decreases so V increase
V
T increase, work done by the gas.

Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo. E-7/18

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15. Oxygen (10 grammes) is heated from t1 = 50°C to t2 = 150°C. Find the change in entropy if the oxygen
is heated: (1) isochorically, (2) isobarically.
vkWDlhtu (10 xzke) dks t1 = 50°C ls t2 = 150°C rd xeZ fd;k tkrk gAS ,UVªkWih esa ifjorZu D;k gksxk ;fn vkWDlhtu dks
(1) levk;rfud :i ls (2) lenkch; :i ls xeZ fd;k tk;s\
(A) DSV = 1.76 J/K; DSP = 2.46 J/K (B) DSV = DSP = 1.76 J/K
(C) DSV = DSP = 2.46 J/K (D) DSV = 2.46 J/K; DSP = 1.76 J/K
Ans. (A)
Sol. Isochoric
æ T2 ö
DS = nCVln ç T ÷
è 1 ø
Isobaric
æ T2 ö
DS = nCPln ç T ÷
è 1 ø
Multiple Correct Answer Type 3 Q. [4 M (–1)]
16. A thermally insulated chamber of volume 2v0 is divided by a frictionless piston of area S into two equal parts
A and B. Part A has an ideal gas at pressure P0 and temperature T0 and part B is vacuum. Initially ideal spring
is unstreched. Let in equilibrium the springs be compressed by x0. Then [spring constant is k]
vk;ru 2v0 okyk ,d Å"eh; dqpkyd d{k S {ks=Qy okys ?k"kZ.k jfgr fiLVu }kjk nks leku Hkkxksa A rFkk B esa foHkkftr
fd;k x;k gSA Hkkx A esa nkc P0 rFkk rki T0 ij ,d vkn'kZ xl S Hkjh gqbZ gS rFkk Hkkx B fuokZr gAS izkjEHk esa vkn'kZ fLizax
vrfur gSA ekuk lkE;koLFkk esa fLizax x0 nwjh rd laihfM+r gks tk,sxhA rc [fLizax fu;rkad k gAS ]

B
A

kx 0
(A) Final pressure of the gas is
S
1 2
(B) Work done by the gas kx 0
2
1 2
(C) Change in internal energy of the gas is kx 0
2
(D) Temperature of the gas is decreased.
kx 0
(A) xl
S dk vafre nkc gAS
S
1 2
(B) xSl }kjk fd;k x;k dk;Z kx 0 gAS
2
1 2
(C) xl
S dh vkarfjd ÅtkZ esa ifjorZu kx 0 gAS
2
(D) xl
S dk rki ?kVrk gAS
E-8/18 Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo.
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Ans. (A,B,C,D)
Sol. For an equilibrium of piston the force aplied by the gas on piston must be equal to spring force kx0.

F=PS
kx0

kx 0
\ P= (Area of piston = S)
S
The compression x0 in springs due to force applied by the gas on pison
\ Work done by gas = Energy in spring
1 2
= kx 0
2
As the work done by the gas is positive and no external heat given to the gas so work perform by gas by
using internal energy.
17. A monoatomic gas is kept in a vessel at some finite temperature. Choose the correct statement(s) :-
(A) Number of atoms moving with speed equal to half of RMS speed will be more than number of
atoms moving with speed equal to one third of RMS speed.

8RT
(B) Average velocity of atoms of gas has magnitude equal to
pM
(C) Number of atoms moving with average speed will be more than number of atoms moving with
RMS speed.
(D) If its temperature (in degree Celsius) is increased to 4 times then its RMS speed will increase by a
factor less than 2.
fdlh ,dijekf.od xl S dks ,d ik= esa ,d ifjfer rkieku ij j[kk tkrk gSA lgh dFku@dFkuksa dks pqfu, %&
(A) oxZ ek/; ewy pky dh vk/kh pky ls xfr djus okys ijek.kqvksa dh la[;k oxZ ek/; ewy pky dh ,d frgkbZ pky ls
xfr djus okys ijek.kqvksa dh la[;k ls vf/kd gSA
8RT
(B) xl
S ds ijek.kqvksa ds vkSlr osx dk ifjek.k gksxkA
pM
(C) vkl
S r pky ls xfr'khy ijek.kqvksa dh la[;k oxZ ek/; ewy pky ls xfr'khy ijek.kqvksa dh la[;k ls vf/kd gksxhA
(D) ;fn bldk rkieku (fMxzh lsfYl;l eas) 4 xquk c<+k fn;k tk, rks bldh oxZ ek/; ewy pky esa nqxuh ls de dh o`f¼
gks tk,xhA
Ans. (A,C,D)

Relative number
of molecule

Sol.

vmp vavg vrms

Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo. E-9/18

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ENTHUSIAST COURSE

3RT
Vrms = where temperature T is in k
M

2RT
Vmp =
M

8RT
Vavg =
pM

3R ( 273 + T °C )
Þ Vrms =
M

3R ( 273 + 4T°C )
Vrms =
M
18. A partition divides a container having insulated walls into two compartments I and II. The same gas fill
the two compartments whose initial parameters are given. The partition is conducting wall which can
move freely without friction. Which of the following statement(s) is/are CORRECT, with reference to
the final equilibrium position ?
(A) The pressure in the two compartments are equal.
3V
(B) Volume of compartment I is .
5

3V
(C) Volume of compartment II is .
5

5P
(D) Final pressure in compartment I is .
3

P,V,T 2P,2V,T
I II

,d foHkktd dqpkyd nhokjksa okys ik= dks nks d{kksa I o II esa foHkkftr djrk gAS nksuksa d{kksa esa leku xSl Hkjh tkrh gS
ftlds izkjfEHkd izkpy fn;s x;s gAS ;g foHkktd ,d pkyd nhokj gS tks fcuk ?k"kZ.k eqä :i ls xfr dj ldrh gAS
vafre lkE;koLFkk fLFkfr ds lanHkZ esa lgh dFku@dFkuksa dks pqfu;s %&
3V
(A) nksuksa d{kksa esa nkc leku gSA (B) d{k I dk vk;ru gAS
5

3V 5P
(C) d{k II dk vk;ru gAS (D) d{k I esa vafre nkc gAS
5 3
Ans. (A,B,D)
Sol. Since piston is movable
Þ force on piston in equilibrium must be zero.
\ Pressure in both chamber must be same
By conserving number of moles

E-10/18 Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo.

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PV Pf Vf
= ....(i)
T T

2P ´ 2V Pf (3V - Vf )
& = ....(ii)
T T

3V
Solving (i) & (ii), Vf = (volume of chamber-I)
5

12V
Volume of chamber-II will be 3V – Vf =
5

5
Also Pf = P
3
SECTION-III
Numerical Grid Type (Ranging from 0 to 9) 3 Q. [4 M (0)]
1. A glass tube of length 76 cm is in inverted position. A column of air is trapped with some mercury as
shown in figure. Tube contains one mole of air at 300 K. Atmospheric pressure remains constant at 76
cm of mercury. Temperature of air column is slowly decreased by 30 K. If the net heat lost in joule by
a 25
the air column is found to be a. Then find value of . (Take gair = 1.4 and R = J/mol-K) [Neglect
175 3
surface tension]
,d 76 cm yEch dk¡p dh uyh dks mYVk djds j[kk x;k gSA blesa dqN ikjs }kjk ,d ok;q LrEHk fp=kuqlkj cuk gqvk gAS
bl uyh esa 300 K rkieku ij ,d eksy ok;q Hkjh gAS ok;qe.Myh; nkc 76 cm ikjn LrEHk ij fu;r cuk gqvk gAS ok;q
LrEHk dk rkieku /khjs&/khjs 30 K rd de dj fn;k tkrk gAS ;fn ok;q LrEHk }kjk gksus okyk dqy Å"ek ákl a twy gks rks
a 25
dk eku Kkr dhft,A (gair = 1.4 rFkk R = J/mol-K) [i`"B ruko dks ux.; ekusa]
175 3
76cm

mercury
column

Ans. 5
æ Rg ö
Sol. Q = nCP DT = n ç g - 1 ÷ DT
è ø
2. A cylindrical vessel is divided in two parts by a fixed partition which is perfectly heat conducting. The wall
and piston are thermally insulated from surroundings. The left side contains 0.5 moles of gas with Cv = 2R
at temperature of 300 K. The right side contains 4 moles of mixture of gas with Cv = 1.75 R at same
V0
temperature of 300 K. The piston compresses slowly the right side from volume of V0 to . Find the
4
25
total change in internal energy of gases. If DU = n × 104 J, fill n in OMR Sheet. (Take : R = S.I. unit)
3

Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo. E-11/18

 GUIDED REVISION JEE (Advanced) 2024
ENTHUSIAST COURSE

,d csyukdkj ik= dks fdlh iw.kZr;k Å"eh; pkyd fLFkj foHkktd }kjk nks Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr fd;k tkrk gAS nhokj rFkk
fiLVu] ifjos'k ls iw.kZr;k dqpkyd gAS cka;s Hkkx esa Cv = 2R okyh 0.5 eksy xl
S 300 K ij Hkjh gq;h gAS nka;s Hkkx esa
V0
Cv = 1.75 R okyh xl
S h; feJ.k ds 4 eksy 300 K ij Hkjs gq, gAS fiLVu dks /khjs&/khjs nka;h vksj V0 ls vk;ru rd
4
lEihfM+r fd;k tkrk gAS ;fn xSlksa dh vkarfjd ÅtkZ esa dqy ifjorZu DU = n × 104 J gks rks n dk eku Kkr dhft;sA
25
(R = S.I. unit)
3

Ans. 2
Sol. n1C v1 dT + n 2 C v2 dT + PdV = 0

1 7R dV
´ 2RdT + 4 ´ dT + 4RT =0
2 4 V
dT dV
2ò +ò =0
T V
æ T ö æ1ö
2 ln ç ÷ + ln ç ÷ = 0
è 300 ø è4ø
T
ln = ln2
300
T = 600 K
1 7R
DU = × 2R × (600 – 300) + 4 × (600 – 300)
2 4
25
= 8R × 300 = 8 × ´ 300 = 2 × 104J
3
3. Two moles of a monoatomic ideal gas is taken through a cyclic process shown on pressure (P) temperature
(T) diagram in figure. Process CA is represented as PT = Constant. If efficiency of given cyclic process
x
is 1 - , then find x.
4ln2 + 5
nks eksy ,dijekf.od xl
S dks çnf'kZr pØh; çØe ls nkc (P) rFkk rkieku (T) ij fp=kuqlkj xqtkjk tkrk gAS çØe CA
x
dks PT = fu;r] }kjk çnf'kZr fd;k tkrk gAS ;fn fn;s x;s pØh; çØe dh n{krk 1- gS rks x dk eku Kkr
4 ln2 + 5
dhft;sA
2
P(N/m )
5 A B
2×10

105 C

T
300K 600K

Ans. 7
E-12/18 Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo.
 GUIDED REVISION JEE (Advanced) 2024
ENTHUSIAST COURSE

Sol. For process AB TA = 300 K, TB = 600 K

W = nRDT = nR(TB – TA) = 300nR = 600 R
5
Q = nCpDT = 2 × R (300) = 1500 R
2
vf pi
For process BC W = nRTln v = nRT ln p = nRTln2 = 1200 Rln2
i f

Q = W = 1200 Rln2
300 K 2nRT
For process CA W = ò PdV = ò dT
600 T K
Q = nCVDT + W
3
= 2 ´ R ( -300 ) - 1200R
2
=–900R – 1200R = –2100R
600R + 1200Rln2 - 1200R
h=
1500R + 1200Rln2
7
=1- Þx=7
4ln2 + 3
Subjective Type 4Q. [4 M (0)]
1. The piston cylinder arrangement shown contains a diatomic gas at temperature 300 K. The cross-sectional
area of the cylinder is1 m2. Initially the height of the piston above the base of the cylinder is 1 m. The
temperature is now raised to 400 K at constant pressure. Find the new height of the piston above the
base of the cylinder. If the piston is now brought back to its original height without any heat loss, find
the new equilibrium temperature of the gas. You can leave the answer in fraction.
fp= esa ,d fiLVu csyu izcU/k fn[kk;k x;k g]S blesa 300K rki ij ,d f}ijek.kqd xl
S Hkjh gSA csyu dk vuqizLFk dkV
{ks=Qy 1m2 gAS izkjEHk esa csyu ds vk/kkj ls fiLVu dh Å¡pkbZ 1m gAS vc fLFkj nkc ij] rki 400K rd c<+k fn;k x;k
gAS csyu ds vk/kkj ds Åij fiLVu dh u;h Å¡pkbZ Kkr djksA ;fn vc fiLVu dks fcuk Å"ek dk gzkl fd;s viuh
okLrfod fLFkfr esa yk;k tkrk g]S rks xlS dk u;k lkE;koLFkk rki Kkr dhft;sA vki mÙkj dks fHkUu esa NksM+ ldrs gSaA

KT0005
0.4
æ4ö
Ans. (a) 4/3 m, (b) T3 = 400ç ÷ K
è3ø

V1 V2 1 h
Sol. Isobaric T = T = 300 = 400 Adiabatic TVg – 1 = constant.
1 2

400 (4/3)g – 1 = T2(1)g – 1

Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo. E-13/18

 GUIDED REVISION JEE (Advanced) 2024
ENTHUSIAST COURSE

2. The figure shows an insulated cylinder divided into three parts A, B and C. Pistons I and II are connected
by a rigid rod and can move without friction inside the cylinder. Piston I is perfectly conducting while
piston II is perfectly insulating. The initial state of the gas (g = 1.5) present in each compartment A, B
and C is as shown. Now, compartment A is slowly given heat through a heater H such that the final
4 V0
volume of C becomes . Assume the gas to be ideal and find.
9
(a) Final pressures in each compartment A, B and C
(b) Final temperatures in each compartment A, B and C
(c) Heat supplied by the heater
(d) Work done by gas in A and B.
(e) Heat flowing across piston I.
fp=kuqlkj ,d dqpkyd csyu rhu Hkkxksa A, B rFkk C esa foHkkftr gaSA fiLVu I rFkk II ,d n`<+ NM+ }kjk tqM+s gaS rFkk csyu
ds vUnj fcuk ?k"kZ.k ds xfr dj ldrs gaSA fiLVu I iw.kZr;k pkyd tcfd fiLVu II iw.kZr;k dqpkyd gSA xSl (g=1.5)
dh izkjfEHkd voLFkk izR;sd Hkkx A, B rFkk C esa fp=kuqlkj mifLFkr gaSA vc Hkkx A dks ghVj H ls èkhjs&èkhjs m"ek nh
tkrh gS rkfd C dk vfUre vk;ru 4V0/9 gks tkrk gAS xSl dks vkn'kZ ekfu;s rFkk Kkr dhft;sA
(a) izR;sd Hkkx A,B rFkk C esa vfUre nkc
(b) izR;sd Hkkx A,B rFkk C esa vfUre rki
(c) ghVj }kjk nh xbZ m"ek
(d) A rFkk B esa xl
S }kjk fd;k x;k dk;Z
(e) fiLVu I ds fljksa ls izokfgr Å"ek

27 21
Ans. (a) Final pressure in A = P0 = Final pressure in C, Final pressure in B = P0
8 4
21 3
(b) Final temperature in A (and B) = T0 , Final temperature in C = T0 ,
4 2
(c) 18 P0V0
(d) work done by gas in A = + P0V0, work done by gas in B = 0,
17
(e) P0 V0
2
Sol. Pressure of A & C will be same & Temperature of A & B will same
For "C"
1.5
T T TC
æ 4V0 ö 27 14V0 V0 4V0
P0V01.5 = P1 ç ÷ Þ P1 = P0
è 9 ø 8 9 9
P1 P2 P1
For "C"

E-14/18 Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo.

 GUIDED REVISION JEE (Advanced) 2024
ENTHUSIAST COURSE

TVg –1 = constant
0.5
æ 4V0 ö 3T0
T0V0 0.5
= TC ç ÷ Þ TC =
è 9 ø 2
For (A)
PV
=n
RT
ni = nf

æ 27 öæ 14 ö
P V0
P0V0 çè 8 0 ÷ç
øè 9 ÷ø
=
RT0 nT

21
T= T0
4
For (B)
P0V0 P2 ´ V0
=
PT0 PT

P0V0 4 P2V0
=
T0 21T0

21P0
= P2
4
(C) Net work done will be zero.
DQ = DUA + DUB + DUC + (wnet)
DQ = DUA + DUB + DUC

é 3T0 ù
= 2 × 2nR(Tf – Ti) + 2Rn ê - T0 ú
ë 2 û

æ 21 ö
= 4 × ç P0V0 - P0V0 ÷ + P0V0
è 4 ø
= 17P0V0 + P0V0 = 18P0V0
DQ = DUB + DWB
DQ = nCVDT (DWB = 0) = n2R(Tf – Ti)

é 21 ù 17
= 2 ê P0V0 - P0V0 ú = P0V0
ë4 û 2
(D)DwB = 0
DwA = –DwC = – [–nCVDT]C = nCVDTC = 2nR[TfC – TiC]

é 27 4V0 ù
= 2 ê P0 ´ - P0V0 ú = P0V0
ë8 9 û

Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo. E-15/18

 GUIDED REVISION JEE (Advanced) 2024
ENTHUSIAST COURSE

3. A gas takes part in two processes in which it is heated from the same initial state 1 to the same final
temperature. The processes are shown on the P-V diagram by the straight line 1-2 and 1-3. 2 and 3 are
the points on the same isothermal curve. Q1 and Q2 are the heat transfer along the two processes. Then
in which case will the heat transfer be more.
,d xl S nks izØeksa esa Hkkx ysrh gS ftlesa bls leku izkjfEHkd voLFkk 1 ls leku vafre rki rd xeZ fd;k tkrk gAS bu
izØeksa dks P–V vkjs[k esa ljy js[kk 1–2 o 1–3 }kjk n'kkZ;k x;k gAS 2 o 3 ,d gh lerkih; oØ ij fcUnq gaSA Q1 rFkk
Q2 nks izØeksa ds vuqfn'k Å"ek LFkkukarj.k gS rks dkSulh fLFkfr esa Å"ek LFkkukUrj.k vf/kd gksxk\

Ans. Q1 < Q2
p
p1 2

p2 3
p0
Sol.

V0 V1 V2 V

According to the first law of thermodynamics, the amount of heat DQ1 received by a gas going over
from state 1 (p0, V0) to state 2 (p1, V1) is
DQ1 = DU1 + W1
where DU1 is the change in its internal energy, and W1 is the work done by the gas,

W1 =
( p0 + p1 )(V1 - V0 )
2
As the gas goes over from state 1 to state 3 (p2, V2) (points 2 and 3 lie on the same isotherm), the
following relations are fulfilled :
DQ2 = DU2 + W2,

( p0 + p2 )(V2 - V0 )
W2 =
2
Since the final temperature of the gas in states 2 and 3 is the same, DU1 = DU2. In order to find out in
which process the gas receives a larger amount of heat, we must compare the works W1 and W2 :

W1 – W2 =
( p0 + p1 )(V1 - V0 ) - ( p0 + p2 )(V2 - V0 )
2 2

( p0V1 - p0V2 ) + ( p2V0 - p1V0 ) < 0

=
2
since p0V1 < p0V2 and p2V0 < p1V0. Consequently, W2 > W1 and DQ2 > DQ1, i.e. the amount of heat
received by the gas in the process 1 ® 3 is larger.

E-16/18 Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo.

 GUIDED REVISION JEE (Advanced) 2024
ENTHUSIAST COURSE

4. An adiabatic cylinder has 8 gram of helium. A light smooth adiabatic piston is connected to a light
spring of force constant 300 N/m. The other end of the spring is connected with a block of mass 1 kg
kept on a rough horizontal surface of coefficient of friction m = 0.3. Area of cross-section of cylinder is
A = 25 cm2. Initially the spring is in a relaxed position and the temperature of the gas is 400 K. The gas
is heated slowly for some time by means of an electric heater so as to bring the block M on the verge of
motion. Take Patm = 105 N/m2. Find
(a) the work done by the gas
(b) the final temperature
(c) heat supplied by the heater
,d :¼ks"e csyu esa 8 gm ghfy;e xl S Hkjh gAS ,d gYds fpdus :¼ks"e fiLVu dks cy fu;rkad 300 N/m okyh
gYdh fLizax ls tksM+k x;k gAS fLizax dk nwljk fljk 1 kg nzO;eku okys CykWd ls tqM+k gAS CykWd ?k"kZ.k xq.kkad m = 0.3 okyh
[kqjnjh {kSfrt lrg ij j[kk gAS csyu dk vuqizLFk dkV {ks=Qy A = 25 cm2 gSA izkjEHk esa fLizax ewy yEckbZ esa gS rFkk
xl
S dk rki 400 K gAS xl S dks fo|qr ghVj }kjk dqN le; ds fy;s /khjs&/khjs xeZ djrs gaS ftlls CykWd M xfr djus ds
djhc gksA Patm = 105 N/m2 ysaA Kkr dhft;s
(a) xSl }kjk fd;k x;k dk;Z
(b) vfUre rki
(c) ghVj }kjk iznku dh xbZ Å"ek

Ans. 2.515, 404.8 K,

h x

Sol. A
kx
M µmg

3
(a) µmg = 3 = kx Þ x = = 10 -2
k

1 2 1
W = P0 A × x + kx = 105 × 25 × 10–4 × 10–2 + ´ 300 ´ 10 -4
2 2
= 2.5 + 0.015 = 2.515 J
(b) Initial P0 × (Ah) = nR × 400

æ kx ö
final A ç P0 + ÷ (h + x) = nR × Tf
è Aø
(c) DQ = W + nCVDT
2´3
=W+ R [ Tf - 400 ]
2

Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo. E-17/18

 GUIDED REVISION JEE (Advanced) 2024
ENTHUSIAST COURSE

GR # 03_KTG & Thermodynamics ANSWER KEY

SECTION-I
Single Correct Answer Type 15 Q. [3 M (–1)]
1. Ans. (D) 2. Ans. (C) 3. Ans. (B) 4. Ans. (A) 5. Ans. (C) 6. Ans. (A)
7. Ans. (D) 8. Ans. (B) 9. Ans. (B) 10. Ans. (C) 11. Ans. (A) 12. Ans. (D)
13. Ans. (B) 14. Ans. (A) 15. Ans. (A)
Multiple Correct Answer Type 3 Q. [4 M (–1)]
16. Ans. (A,B,C,D) 17. Ans. (A,C,D) 18. Ans. (A,B,D)
SECTION-III
Numerical Grid Type (Ranging from 0 to 9) 3 Q. [4 M (0)]
1. Ans. 5 2. Ans. 2 3. Ans. 7
Subjective Type 4Q. [4 M (0)]
0.4
æ4ö
1. Ans. (a) 4/3 m, (b) T3 = 400ç ÷ K
è3ø
27 21
2. Ans. (a) Final pressure in A = P0 = Final pressure in C, Final pressure in B = P0
8 4
21 3
(b) Final temperature in A (and B) = T0 , Final temperature in C = T0 ,
4 2
(c) 18 P0V0
(d) work done by gas in A = + P0V0, work done by gas in B = 0,
17
(e) P0 V0
2
3. Ans. Q1 < Q2 4. Ans. 2.515, 404.8 K,

E-18/18 Physics / GR # 03_KTG & Thermo.