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LEARNING GUIDE

Week No.: _8_

TOPIC/S

Resistance Transformation
Delta to Wye and vice versa Transformation

LEARNING OUTCOMES

Upon completing this week 7 topic, students are able to:

1. Understand the principle on Wye to Delta and vice versa transformation of resistances
2. To apply the Resistance transformation to complex problem

CONTENT/TECHNICAL INFORMATION

In many circuit applications, we encounter components connected together in one of two

ways to form a three-terminal network: better known as the:

a. “Delta,” or Δ (and also known as the “Pi,” or π) configuration; and

b. the “Wye” or Y (also known as the “T”) configuration.

As shown in figure 7-1, the basic configuration demonstrate the fundamental circuits:

Figure 7-1 : Delta and Wye circuits configurations of Resistance

It is possible to calculate the proper values of resistors necessary to form one kind of
network (Δ or Y) that behaves identically to the other kind, as analyzed from the terminal
connections alone. That is, if we had two separate resistor networks, one Δ and one Y,
each with its resistors hidden from view, with nothing but the three terminals (A, B, and
C) exposed for testing, the resistors could be sized for the two networks so that there
would be no way to electrically determine one network apart from the other. In other
words, equivalent Δ and Y networks behave identically.

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended for
EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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The Delta-Wye transformation is an extra technique for transforming certain resistor

combinations that cannot be handled by the series and parallel equations. This is also
referred to as a Pi - T transformation.

Distinctively, the pure delta configured resistance can be transformed to a wye

configured resistor circuit for reason on convenience in calculation of its equivalent such
that if finding the equivalent circuit configuration is keenly observe the resulting
parameters may result to an equivalent values. So that:

Figure 7-2 : Delta and Wye EQUIVALENT Resistance

As such the general form shall be:

Figure 7-3 : Resistance equivalent in Delta to Wye configurations

With the following equations as follows:

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended for
EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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As such the general rule of equations shall be applied as follows:

The sum of products all Wye connected

Resistors taken two (2) resistors at a time
Delta equivalent resistance = _______________________________________
Oppositely position Resistor

Wye equivalent resistance = Product of two adjacent Delta resistors .

Sum of all the Delta Resistances

Example:

1. Given the bridge connected resistors as shown in figure 7-4 as shown immediately
below, calculate the total resistance of the circuit. Also determine the voltage across
terminal A-B.

Figure 7-4, Bridge circuit for problem no. 1

SOLUTIONS:

The solution of this circuit with Branch Current or Mesh Current analysis is fairly involved,
and neither the Kirchoff’s, Millman’s nor Superposition’s Theorems are of any help since
there’s only one source of power. We could use Thevenin’s or Norton’s Theorem, treating
R3 as our load, but what a challenge it would be. Since we have to cover the simple version of
this the next topic that we have.

If we were to treat resistors R 1, R2, and R3 as being connected in an original “Δ”

configuration (to be an Ra, Rc, and Rb, respectively) and generate an equivalent “” network to
replace them, we could turn this bridge circuit into a (simpler) series/parallel combination
circuit:
Therefore: It would be:

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended for
EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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After the Δ-Y conversion . . .

So that: Applying the basic conversion and equations:

So, the resulting circuit would be:

Therefore the total resistance would be = 14. 57 Ω

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended for
EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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Taking the outer loop of resistance original circuit: Figure 7-4,

Using the voltage division theorem that states:

The voltage divider rule is used to solve circuits to simplify the solution. Applying
this rule can also solve simple circuits thoroughly The main concept of this voltage
divider rule is “ The voltage is divided between two resistors which are connected
in series in direct proportion to their resistance.

Therefore:

VB = Vin ( R5)/(R2 + R5)

= (10 V) ( 12) / (12+18)

= 6 Volts

Taking the inner loop of resistance original circuit: Figure 7-4,

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended for
EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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The Voltage on terminal A can be computed as:

VA = Vin ( R4)/(R1 + R4)

= (10 V) ( 18) / (18+12)

= 9 Volts

VAB = VA – VB

= 9V – 6 V

= 3V

Example No. 2:

Given the circuit as shown, find the equivalent Resistance at terminal “a-b” and the total
current (It) of the given circuit immediately below.

Transform the identified “Y” network as shown.

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended for
EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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Reconnecting the equivalent converted network

Notice it is much simpler,

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended for
EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
 8

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended for
EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
 9

PROGRESS CHECK:

Solve the unknown values and submit this to [email protected] not later than 12:00
Noon of January 29, 2021. Limit your solution on two (2) pages only of clean white bond
paper. Use you coded file name for week 8.

PROBLEM No. 1.

Given the circuit as shown immediately, calculate the resistance at terminal “a” to “b”.

\
PROBLEM No. 2:

Determine the equivalent resistance between the terminals A and B of network shown immediately
below:

This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended for
EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.