REVIEW CHAPTER 6,7,8,9,10
Syllable, Stress, Weak forms, Connected speech, Intonation
A: THEORY
Ex1: True or False?
1. A syllable must have one consonant.
2. “sp” in “speak” and “nt” in “want” are consonant clusters.
3. In the word “smile”, the sound /s/ is in the initial position.
4. The consonant /l/ in “bottle” is a syllabic consonant.
5. The word “mediate” has 2 syllables.
6. The word “of” in the sentence “It’s what I am thinking of” has the strong form /ɒv/.
7. A syllable must be composed of a vowel and consonants.
8. All syllables have both onset and coda.
9. The syllable /ænt/ has no coda.
10. The syllable /mɒp/has both onset and coda.
11. Onsets are the consonants that follow the vowel in a syllable.
12. Consonants that precede the vowel in a syllable are called coda.
13. Syllabic consonants can stand as the peak of the syllable without a vowel.
14. Syllabic consonants always form weak syllables.
15. For most function words, when they occur at the end of an utterance, they have strong forms.
16. Some suffixes such as -ese, - ee, -eer can carry primary stress of the stem.
17. For most compound nouns which are composed of 2 nouns, the primary stress is on the
second element.
18. The word “that” in the sentence “ That car is mine.” has weak form.
19. Most of words that have both strong form and weak form are function words.
20. Such words as nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs have weak forms.
Ex2: Gap-filling
1. When two or more consonants are together, they form a ………
2. English is said to have …… …….-…… ………. rhythm.
3. The basic unit of speech rhythm is the …………………..
4. Assimilation is concerned with one sound becoming ………… …………. similar to a
neighboring sound.
5. When a word-initial consonant causes a change in a final consonant at the end of the word
that precedes it, the assimilation is called ………………..
6. In a syllable in which ə is followed by l or n, the ə vowel may disappear, resulting in l or n
becoming …… ……………
7. When r is used to link a word ending with letter “r” in its spelling to a following vowel, we
say there is a …… ……………… r, for example in the phrase “for a while”.
8. When r is used to link a word that does not end with letter “r” in its spelling to a following
vowel, we say the r is … ……………, for example in the phrase “formula A”.
9. The common characteristic of all stressed syllables is …… …………
10. Four factors that make a stressed syllable prominent are ………… ……, ………………,
…………
11. The omission of a phoneme in speech is called ………………………….
12. A group of consonants at the beginning or end of a syllable is called a consonant …………
13. When there are 3 consonants at the beginning of a syllable, the 1st consonant must be
…………… and the 3rd will be one of four consonants ….., ……, ……….., and ………..
14. In the three-consonant sequences at the beginning of a syllable like /spreɪ/, we say that the s
consonant is in ………………… position, the p consonant is in ………….. position and the r
consonant is in ………………… position.
15. In a three-consonant sequence at the end of a syllable, such as /bæŋks/, we say that the ŋ is in
……………….. position, the k in …………………. position and the s in …………. position.
B. PRACTICE
Ex 3. Give the stress pattern of these words.
Ex 4. Transcribe the words in bold.
Ex 5. Divide the words in the groups according to the number of syllables.
Ex 6. Analyze the structure of the syllable in these one-syllable words.
strength
quest
texts
prompts
banks
Ex 7. Write the sentences in the normal spelling.
