Aims and Objectives
• Optimize Fish Production.
• Sustainable Fisheries Development With Ecological Balance.
• Provide Clean Nutritious Food.
• Increase Foreign Exchange.
• Encourage Co-operative Movement.
• Employment Generation.
• Uplift Socio-economic Conditions Of Fishermen.
• Facilitate Technical And Financial Assistance To The Fishermen.
• Development Of Infrastructure Facilities.
• Encourage Fish Culture By Providing Incentives To Fishermen.
• Collection Of Statistical Information, - Fish Catch And Revenue.
• Modernization By Electronic Gadget.
• Creation Of Awareness Among The Common People.
• Ensuring Protection Of Environment And Conservation Of Biodiversity..
Achievements
• Fish Production 5.50 Lakhs Metric Tons Per Annum.
• Contributes About Rs.1500.00 Crores Foreign Exchange.
• PTM System Strengthened by Providing 103 Trucks/ Tempos, 4 Godowns &14 Ice Factories
With Cold Storages.
• Harbours 3 & Jetties 16.
• Mechanized Boats 12932 & Non-Mechanised Boats 8586.
• Under Fisherman Welfare Scheme 1963 Houses, 29 Tube Wells,4 Community Hall For
Fishermen.
• There are 67 Fish Seed Center Out of which 32 Fish Seed Production Center,32 Fish Seed
Rearing Center,02 Prawn Seed Production Center,01 Prawn Seed Rearing Center.
• Optimizing Fish Production In Inland Sector By Quality Fish Seed Stocking Promotion. 26 FFDA
& 4 BFDA - Functioning In State.
Milestones of Fisheries
• The Organization was Established In 1945.
• Taraporevala Aquarium was Established In 1951.
• First Seed Farm was Established At Khopoli (Raigad) In 1955.
• Achieved Success In Induced Breeding Of Indian Major Carps In The Year 1957-58.
• First Training Center Versova In 1958. Mechanization Of Fishing Crafts Initiated In 1966-67.
• Fisheries College At Ratnagiri Under Konkan Krishi Vidhyapeeth In 1981.
• Established 28 Carp Hatcheries In 1991-92.
• Increased Fish Seed Production By Improved Induced Breeding Using Modern Technology Of Circular Hatchery.
• Commencement Of Fresh Water Prawn Hatchery At Dapchery In 2007-08.
Strategy
Marine :
• Construction of new fishing harbors & strengthening of existing harbors & jetties.
• Modernization and increase of intermediate crafts.
• To introduce Mariculture, Oyster culture, Sea ranching.
• Introduce Tuna long lining fishing (deep sea fishing).
Inland :
• Optimization of fish seed production of existing farms.
• Reservoirs Fisheries Development.
• Training and Extension.
• Strengthening of marketing infrastructure.
• Strengthening of Inland Fisheries Statistics & with information networking.
Brackish Water :
• Enhancement of the existing farms for Brackish Water aquaculture to augment shrimp production.
• Training of farmers in coastal aquaculture and manpower development.
• Establishment of new aquaculture farms as per norms of Coastal Aquaculture Authority.
• The present thrust is to augment the shrimp production through increasing the productivity of existing farms as well
as bringing more area under brackish water farming.
National Fisheries Development Board :
• In all three sectors, the assistance of NFDB is envisaged to take up new programs such as reservoirs fisheries
development, deep-sea fishing, tuna long lining, Mariculture, post-harvest technology, training & extension activities,
etc.
Fisheries: Types of Fisheries and it
Economical Importance
Fisheries: Types of Fisheries and it Economical Importance! Fish
are aquatic, cold blooded and craniate vertebrates belonging to the
super class Pisces under phylum Chordata.
Fishery is a kind of industry which is concerned with the catching,
processing or selling of fish, shellfish (molluscs, each has a shell in
two halves, used for food, e.g., mussels, oysters, etc.) and
crustaceans.
Economic Importance of Fish:
(i) Fish as food:
The fish flesh is an excellent source of protein, has very little fat,
carries a good amount of minerals and vitamins A and D and rich in
iodine. Above all man can digest it easily. Some important edible
fish of India are given in the Table 9.7 & 9.8.
(ii) Fish for controlling diseases:
Diseases like malaria, yellow fever and other dreadful diseases that
are spread through mosquitoes can be controlled. Larvivorous fish
eat larva of mosquito. The important larvivorous fish are Gambusia,
Panchax, Haplochitus, Trichogaster, etc.
(iii) Scientific value:
Some fish like the lung fish are of zoological importance because of
their discontinuous distribution and anatomical features.
(iv) Aesthetic value:
A large number of fish are cultured in aquarium for their beauty and
graceful movements. The important aquarium fish are Macropodus,
Trichogaster, Carassinus (gold fish) and Pterophyllum (angel fish).
(v) Fishery Bye-products:
(a) Fish oil:
It is extracted from the liver of the sharks, sawfishes, skates and
rays and has medicinal value. These mainly include cod liver oil and
shark liver oil.
(b) Fish Manure:
The fish waste after the extraction of oil, is used as fertilizers,
(c) Fish Glue:
Fisheries: Types of Fisheries and it
Economical Importance
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Fisheries: Types of Fisheries and it Economical Importance! Fish
are aquatic, cold blooded and craniate vertebrates belonging to the
super class Pisces under phylum Chordata.
Fishery is a kind of industry which is concerned with the catching,
processing or selling of fish, shellfish (molluscs, each has a shell in
two halves, used for food, e.g., mussels, oysters, etc.) and
crustaceans.
Economic Importance of Fish:
(i) Fish as food:
ADVERTISEMENTS:
The fish flesh is an excellent source of protein, has very little fat,
carries a good amount of minerals and vitamins A and D and rich in
iodine. Above all man can digest it easily. Some important edible
fish of India are given in the Table 9.7 & 9.8.
(ii) Fish for controlling diseases:
Diseases like malaria, yellow fever and other dreadful diseases that
are spread through mosquitoes can be controlled. Larvivorous fish
eat larva of mosquito. The important larvivorous fish are Gambusia,
Panchax, Haplochitus, Trichogaster, etc.
(iii) Scientific value:
ADVERTISEMENTS:
Some fish like the lung fish are of zoological importance because of
their discontinuous distribution and anatomical features.
(iv) Aesthetic value:
A large number of fish are cultured in aquarium for their beauty and
graceful movements. The important aquarium fish are Macropodus,
Trichogaster, Carassinus (gold fish) and Pterophyllum (angel fish).
(v) Fishery Bye-products:
(a) Fish oil:
It is extracted from the liver of the sharks, sawfishes, skates and
rays and has medicinal value. These mainly include cod liver oil and
shark liver oil.
(b) Fish Manure:
The fish waste after the extraction of oil, is used as fertilizers,
(c) Fish Glue:
ADVERTISEMENTS:
It is a sticky product, obtained from the skin of the cod and is used
as gum.
(d) Isinglass:
It is a gelatinous substance, obtained from the air bladder of
perches, Indian Salmons and cat fish used in the preparation of
special cement and in the clarification of wine and beer,
(e) Shagreen:
The skin of sharks and rays, which has pointed and sharp placoid
scales are used in polishing the wood and other materials. It is also
used for covering the jewellery boxes and swords,
(f) Leather:
A highly durable type of leather is prepared from the skin of sharks
and rays,
(g) Artificial pearls:
The silvery boney scales of cypnmids (a type of fish) are used in the
manufacture of artificial pearls especially in France.
(vi) Employment:
Development of fishing industry generates more employment
opportunities.
(vii) Source of Income:
The fishing industry has brought a lot of income to the farmers in
particular and the country in general. Now we can talk about “Blue
Revolution” (fish production) on the same lines as ‘Green
Revolution’ (for producing enough food for all).
Types of Fisheries:
There are two main types of fisheries: Inland fisheries and marine
fisheries.
Inland or Fresh Water Fisheries:
Inland fishery deals with the fishery aspects of waters other than
marine water. Potentially, the vast and varied inland fishery
resources of India are one of the richest in the world. They pertain
to two types of waters, namely, the fresh and the brackish. The
former includes the country’s great river systems, an extensive
network of irrigation canals, reservoirs, lakes, tanks, ponds, etc.
The estuaries, lagoons and mangrove swamps constitute the
brackish type of water. In pisciculture (culture fisheries), which
generally pertains to small water bodies, the fish seed has to be
sown, tended, nursed, reared and finally harvested when grown to
table size. In the case of capture fisheries, which pertain to the
rivers, estuaries, large reservoirs, as well as big lakes, man has only
to reap without having to sow some important edible fresh
waterfishes of India are given in the table 9.7.
Table 9.7. Important Edible Fresh Water Fishes of India:
Name Name
1. Rohu (Labeo 5. Mangur (Clarias
rohita) batrachus)
2. Calbasu (L. 6. Singhi (Heteropneustes
calbasu) fossilis)
3. Catla (Catla 7. Malli (Wallago attu)
catla)
4. Singhara 8. Mirgala (Cirrhinus
(Mystus mrigala)
seenghala)
Types of Breeding:
According to the mode of breeding there are two categories, natural
breeding and induced breeding.
(i) Natural Breeding (Bundh breeding):
The natural bundhs are special types of ponds where natural water
resource conditions are managed for the breeding of culturable fish.
These bundhs are constructed in large low-lying areas to
accumulate large quantity of rain water. These bundhs are having
an outlet for the exit of excess rain water.
(ii) Induced Breeding:
In artificial method of fertilization ova from the females and the
sperms from the males are taken out by artificial mechanical
process and the eggs are got fertilized by the sperms. Different
methods are used for induced breeding. Here induced breeding by
hormones method is briefly described. The gonadotropin hormone
(FSH and LH) secreted by pituitary gland influences the maturation
of gonads and spawning in fishes. In India, Khan (1938)
successfully induced Cirrhinus mrigala to spawn by injecting
mammalian pituitary hormone.
(iii) Composite Fish Farming:
It is found that if few selected species of fish are stocked together in
proper proportion in a pond, total production of fish is increased
many times. This mixed farming is called composite farming. It has
some advantage-compatible species do not harm each other, all
available areas are fully utilised, no competition among different
species is found and fish may have beneficial effect on each other.
Catla catla, Labeo-rohita and Cirrhina mrigala are surface feeder,
column feeder and bottom feeder respectively and are used for
composite farming.
Marine Fisheries:
Marine fishery deals with the fishery aspects of the sea water or
ocean.
Table 9.8. Important Edible Marine Fish of India:
1. Bombay duck 7. Mackerel (Rastrelliger)
(Harpodon sp)
2. Eel (Anguilla sp) 8. Flying Fish
(Exocoetus)
3. Hilsa (Hilsa) 9. Ribbon Fish
(Trichiurus)
4. Pomfret (Stromateus) 10. Tuna (Thunnus)
5. Salmon 11. Seer Fish
(Aluitheronema) (Scomberomorus)
6. Sardine
(Sardinella)
Hilsa migrates from the sea to the river for breeding. Dr. Hora
studied the migration of Hilsa.
Fish Diseases Caused by Parasites and Pathogens:
1. Bacterial Diseases:
Two bacterial diseases are very important.
(i) Abdominal dropsy of Carps is caused by Aeromonas punctuata.
(ii) Furunculoris of Salmons and trout’s is caused by Aeromonas
salminicida.
2. Viral Diseases:
Economically most important is the viral haemorrhage septicaemia
(VHS) of rainbow trouts.
3. Protozoan Diseases:
Main protozoan diseases are caused by Costia, Myxobolus and
Trypanosoma.
4. Fungal Diseases:
The gill rot (branchyomyces) of carps involves the attack of
Saprolegnia on the gills of carps.
5. Worm Diseases:
Worms of four groups are parasites on fish. The flatworms
(trematodes), tapeworms (cestodes), round worms (nematodes) and
thorny-headed worms (acanthocephalans).
6. Common Ectoparasites:
Two ectoparasites of fish are most important, the fish lice (Argulus,
Lernaea and Ergasilus) and the fish leech (Piscicold). Both parasites
weaken fish by feeding on its blood.
