0798556514‫عبدالوهاب سليمان الشطي‬.

‫ا‬

Simple Present perfect ‫المضارع التام البسيط‬

A. Talking about something that was true in the past and continues to be true in the present.

‫الحديث عن شىء كان صحيحا في الماضي ومازال صحيحيا في الحاضر‬

B. Discussing our experience up to the present.

‫الحديث عن خبراتنا حتى ا لوقت الحاضر‬

C. Talking about an action that happened in the past but the consequences of which are important in
the present. (I’ve lost my keys.)

‫الحديث عن احداث حدثت في الماضي ولكن نتائجها مهمة في الحاضر‬

key words:

) already, just), yet, ever, never, for, since, so far, up to now, not yet, lately, recently, this week , this
month , today, over the last 20 years, once, still(

Forms ‫التركيب‬

(subject) I, you, they, we + have + v3

(subject) He, she, it + has + v3

Examples:

1. He has already met Soha.

2. He has just eaten something bad.

3. He has lived in Spain for ten days.

4. Have you ever been to Aqaba?

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Exercises:

1. I………………………………………… my little dog yet. (not feed)

2. Saad can't play football today. He ……………………….……… an accident with his bike. (have)

3. Saad ……………………….…………. his homework yet. (not finish)

4. …………… Khalil ………… to school today? (be)

5. What…………… you…………..for lunch today, Mum? (make)

6. Jamal ………… his room, but he…………… the dishes yet. (tidy up, not wash)

7. Abeer…………..a lot of things for her birthday party, but she……….….the cakes yet. (buy, not bake)

8. I………………………………………… in Dubai for 16 years. (live)

9. Someone…………………………… my bike! Now I'll have to walk home. (steal)

Answers:

1. haven’t fed 2. has had 3. hasn’t finished

4. has bee 5. have/made 6. tidied/ hasn’t washed

7. bought/hasn’t baked 8. have lived 9. has stolen

Present perfect continuous ‫المضارع التام المستمر‬

A. Talking about something that began in the past and continues in the present.

‫الحديث عن شىء بدأ في الماضي ومازال مستمرا لغاية االن‬

-They have been watching TV for the last three hours.

- She has been studying at that institution for three years.

- What have you been doing for the last 30 minutes

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B. An action repeated many times from the past until the present.

‫الحديث عن حدث تكرر للكثير من المرات في الماضي وحتى االن‬

C. A longer action recently finished the results of which are visible in the present.

(I’ve been painting the house. That’s why I have some paint on my clothes.)

‫الحديث عن حدث طويل حدث في الماضي ولكن نتائجها ظاهرة في الحاضر‬

D. When an action (still occurring in the present) started. We use it with since

.‫عندما يكون الحدث مازال يحدث في الحاضر‬

key words:

(all the day, all the week, all the year, how long, for, since )

Forms ‫التركيب‬

(Sub) I, you, they, we + have + been + V1ing …..

(Sub) he, she, it + have + been + V1ing …..

Examples:

1. I have been working all the day.

2. She has been watching TV since 7.30.

3. Ali has been lying in bed for two days. (He is still in bed or has just got up).

4. She has been working since 4 o'clock. (She is still working or she has just stopped working.)

Exercises:

1. It…………..……………………… (rain) for hours.

2. Ali …………………………….. (collect) stamps since 2015.

3. Basheer………………………..……. (play) tennis since he was seven.

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4. I ……………………….………… (wait) for the bus for 15 minutes.

5. How long ……………….…………. your brother……………………… (play) tennis?

6. How long ………………………. he………………..…. (play) golf?

7. I ………………………….. (work) for this company for seventeen years now.

8. How long …………………………… it………………….. (rain)?

9. Sara ………………………. (study) German for two years.

10. My grandparents ……..………………….. (live) in that house since 1962.

11. My mother…………………….. (cook) for 3 hours.

12. My sister …………………………… (drive) her car to work since 2019.

13. Peter ………………………… …(live) in India since last month.

14. How long ……………………….. you………………… (work) in the garden?

15. They ………………………………….(lie) in the sun for hours.

Answers:

1. has been raining 2. has been collecting 3. has been playing

4. have been waiting 5. have/been playing 6. has /been playing

7. has been working 8. has /been raining 9. has been studying

10. has been living 11. has been cooking 12. has been driving

13. has been living 14. have/been working 15. have been lying .

Past continuous ‫الماضي المستمر‬

A. Talking about long action in the past.

key words:

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(when , while , ‫ بينما‬as , at 7 0’clock yesterday )

Forms ‫التركيب‬

(Sub) you, we, they + were + V1 ing

(Sub) I, he, she, it + was / were + V1 ing

While (As) + sub. + was/ were + V1ing, sub.+Ved

When + sub. + V2, sub. + was/ were + V1ing

Examples:

1. When the train arrived, we were having coffee.

2. While Saad was playing tennis, Hadi was taking a shower.

3. I was studying for my exam yesterday. night at 10 o’clock.

4. I was sleeping yesterday morning.

5. Were you studying for the exam at 9 o’clock last Wednesday?

6. Who was playing football in the class when I entered.

Exercises:

1. When I phoned my friends, they …………………..…………..(play) basketball.

2. Yesterday at six I ………………..…………..(prepare) dinner.

3. The kids…….………… (play) in the garden when it suddenly began to rain.

4. I ………………………….…… (practice) the guitar when he came home.

5. While Alan………..…… (work) in his room, his friends swam in the pool.

6. What………… you ……………….. (do) yesterday evening?

7. I ………………………....(listen) to the radio while my sister was watching TV.

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8. When I arrived, They …………………………………(play) cards.

9. We…………………….………. (study) English yesterday at 4:00 pm.

1. were playing 2. was preparing 3. were playing 4. was practicing

5. was working 6. were/doing 7. listened or was listening 8. were playing

9. were studying

Simple Past perfect ‫البسيط الماضي التام‬

A. We use the Past Perfect Simple to talk about actions that happened before a specific moment in
the past

‫للحديث عن حدث وقع قبل وقوع حدث اخر في الماضي‬

key words:

After , till, before, as soon as, because, until, so, by the time

After (because) + sub. + had v3 , (‫ )تصريف ثالث‬sub. + ved

Before (by) + sub. + v2 , sub. + hadv3 (‫)تصريف ثالث‬

Forms ‫التركيب‬

(Sub) I, you, they, we, he, she, it + had +v3

Examples:

1. He had learned Spanish before he went to Spain.

2. By the time I arrived home, my father had lift home.

3. She passed the exam because she had worked very hard.

4. Ali had been thinking about his friend when he received a text from him.

5. By the time the bus arrived, we had been waiting for an hour.

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Exercises:

1. We could not send you a postcard because we ……………….…………(lose)your address.

2. He ………………………………………...(not / swim) in the beach before that day.

3. She………………………………….…… (live) in China before she went to Thailand.

4. After they………………………………. (eat) the shellfish, they began to feel sick.

5. Judee didn’t arrive until after I ……………………………………….. (leave).

6. The garden was dead because it ………………….…………. (be) dry all summer.

7. He……………………..……….. (meet) her somewhere before.

8. We were late for the plane because we ………………………….(forget) our passports.

9. She told me she studied (study) a lot before the exam.

10. The grass was yellow because it …………….……………. (not/rain) all summer.

11. The lights went off because we ………………....…………. (not/pay) the electricity bill.

12. We couldn’t go into the concert because we………………………… (not/bring) our tickets.

13. She said that she …………………………..…………. (not/visit) the UK before.

14. Julie and Ruba …………………………….………… (not/meet) before the party.

15. He ………………………. (not/use) email before, so I showed him how to use it.

16. You …………………………. (not/study) for the test, so you were very nervous.

Answers:

1. had lost 2. hadn’t swum 3. had lived 4. had eaten

5. had left 6. had been 7. had met 8. had forgotten
9. had studied 10. hadn’t rained 11. hadn’t paid 12. hadn’t brought
13. hadn’t visited 14. hadn’t met 15. hadn’t used 16. hadn’t studied

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Past Perfect Continuous‫الماضي التام المستمر‬

Function: actions that happen and continue for long time and finished

Form:

(Subject) I, you, they, we, he, she, it + had been + v1ing

Key words: When, before, after.

Examples

a- The students had been waiting in the class before the teacher examined them.

b- When I looked out the window, it had been raining.

When I looked out the window,------------- raining.

------------------, it had been raining.

Negative:

Subject + hadn’t + been + v1ing

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1- Exercises on Past Simple / Past Continuous / Past Perfect Simple

A - Choose the correct answer.

1. I heard a knock at the front door so I (went / was going) to answer it.

2. At this time yesterday, I (wrote / was writing) an essay.

3. The football season (began / was beginning) a month ago.

4. She (had graduated / graduated) from school in 2001.

5. We entered the house quietly because everyone (was sleeping / had slept).

6. By the time we (got / had got) to the cinema, the film had already started.

7. The children (were playing / played) in the garden while their parents were watching them.

8. They (had left / left) many hours before we arrived.

B - Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple, Past
Continuous or Past Perfect Simple.

1. They .................................... (get) to the airport as the plane was landing.

2. She wore the shoes she ..................................... (buy) the previous day.

3. I fell as I .................................... (run) for the bus.

4. What .................................... she .................................... (say) when he asked her to marry him?

5. When I was a student, I ................................. (not have) much money.

6. Why ................................ she still ................................. (work) at one o’clock in the morning?

7. I was happy to see her, because we hadn’t seen (not see) each other for years.

8. By the time we got to the shop, a long queue ....................... already ......................... (form) outside.

9. By the time we ----------- (get) to the shop, a long queue had already formed outside.

C - Choose the sentence which is closer in meaning to the original.

1. I had already seen the film but I decided to watch it again last night.

a. I watched the film last night for the first time.

b. Last night wasn’t the first time that I had seen the film.

2. The boys were playing football while it was raining.

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a. The boys were playing football until it started to rain.

b. The boys played football in the rain.

3. I was writing an e-mail when our computer broke down.

a. Our computer broke down before I wrote an e-mail.

b. I had started writing an e-mail and then our computer broke down.

4. My aunt bought me a lovely gift after she had spent the summer holiday with us.

a. When the summer holiday was over, my aunt bought me a lovely gift.

b. While my aunt was spending the summer holiday with us, she bought us a lovely gift.

D - Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

Until a few years ago, no one 1. ....................... (hear) of Harry Potter, the young wizard and hero of the

children’s book Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone. The writer, J K Rowling, 2. .........................

(already / write) several stories and books, but this was the first book that was published. She

3. .................................... (get) the idea for the story of a wizard at magic school while she

4. .................................... (travel) on a train to London. By the time the train 5. ........................ (reach)

King’s Cross station, she 6. .................................... (invent) most of the characters. When the book was

published in 1997, no one 7. .................................... (imagine) it would be such a tremendous success,

but it quickly 8. .................... (become) a bestseller. While millions of young readers in many countries

9. ............................ (enjoy) her first Harry Potter book, J K Rowling 10. ........................ (think) of ideas

for the next book in this incredibly popular series.

Answers:
A- 1. went 2. was writing 3. began 4. graduated

5. was sleeping 6. got 7. were playing 8. had left

B- 1. Got 2. had bought 3. was running 4. did ... say

5. didn’t have 6. was ... working 7. hadn’t seen 8. had ... formed

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C- 1. b 2. b 3. b

D- 1. had heard 2. had already written 3. got 4. was travelling 5. reached

6. had invented 7. imagined 8. Became 9. were enjoying 10. was thinking.

2- Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect Continuous Exercise

Make either the present perfect simple or present perfect continuous.

1. ___________________ (you / buy) your train ticket yet?

2. The kitchen is a complete mess! What ___________________ (the children / do)?

3. Julie ___________________ (learn) to drive for six years!

4. Amina has already had (already / have) lunch, so she'll meet us later.

5. How much coffee ___________________ (she / drink) this morning?

6. Saad ___________________ (write) three books.

7. I ___________________ (do) everything I needed to do today! Hurray!

8. It ___________________ (not / rain) all summer, so the garden is dead.

9. I ___________________ (read) your book. Here it is, thank you.

10. She ___________________ (forget) how to get to my house.

11. I ___________________ (work) in the garden all day and I need a rest.

12. She ___________________ (make) three cakes. They look delicious!

13. Saad feels great these days. He ___________________ (get) up early lately.

14. We ___________________ (always / hate) rush hour traffic.

15. Recently, I ___________________ (study) a lot. My exams are in a few weeks.

16. We ___________________ (write) this book for months and months.

17. I ___________________ (always / love) chocolate.

18. I ___________________ (want) to go back to university for a long time.

19. What's that delicious smell? ___________________ (you / cook)?

20. I ___________________ (watch) seven matches this week!

Answers:

1. Have you bought your train ticket yet?

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2. The kitchen is a complete mess! What have the children been doing?

3. Julie's been learning to drive for six years!

4. Amanda's already had lunch, so she'll meet us later.

5. How much coffee has she drunk this morning?

6. Simon's written three books.

7. I've done everything I needed to do today! Hurray!

8. It hasn't rained all summer, so the garden is dead.

9. I've read your book. Here it is, thank you.

10. She's forgotten how to get to my house.

11. I've been working in the garden all day and I need a rest.

12. She's made three cakes. They look delicious!

13. David feels great these days. He's been getting up early lately.

14. We've always hated rush hour traffic.

15. Recently, I've been studying a lot. My exams are in a few weeks.

16. We've been writing this book for months and months.

17. I've always loved chocolate.

18. I've wanted to go back to university for a long time.

19. What's that delicious smell? Have you been cooking?

20. I've watched seven matches this week!

3- Complete the sentences using the correct form of the present perfect
tense.
1. I ___________ several books about sailing and I am quite fascinated by the sport. (READ)

2. You look absolutely exhausted. What ________________? (YOU DO)

3. He ____________________ that book for over two weeks and he ____________________ yet.

He's such a slow reader. (READ, NOT FINISH)

4. My sister ____________________ in New York for two months. She seems to like it there

and is not planning to leave. (LIVE)

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5. My dad ____________________ a new job. (JUST START)

6. You should put some boots on. It ____________________ for several days now and the

ground is pretty muddy. (RAIN)

7. _____________ your homework yet? You _____________ on it for hours. (YOU FINISH, WORK)

8. Maryam _______________ for a job since she left school last summer. She still______________ one.

(LOOK, NOT FIND)

9. They ____________________ TV the whole evening. It's their favourite film and they

____________________ it several times. (WATCH, SEE)

10. I ____________________ him about his new girlfriend twice this week. He doesn't seem

to want to answer. (ASK)

11. I ____________________ my driving test. (JUST PASS)

12. Where _________________? - At the doctor's. I ________________ ill lately (YOU BE, BE)

13. We ____________________ the meeting for the marriage. It will be on May 26. (SET)

14. My sister ____________________ too many sweets lately. She must try to stop. (EAT)

15. I ______________ him for ages. I wonder what he ____________ up to. (NOT SEE, BE)

16. I ____________________ French for three years now but I don't seem to be making any

progress. It's so difficult (LEARN).

Answers:

1. I have been reading / have read several books about sailing and I am quite fascinated by the sport.

(READ)

2. You look absolutely exhausted. What have you been doing? (YOU DO)

3. He has been reading that book for over two weeks and he hasn't finished yet.

He's such a slow reader. (READ, NOT FINISH)

4. My sister has been living in Norwich for two months. She seems to like it there and is not planning to

leave. (LIVE)

5. My dad has just started a new job. (JUST START)

6. You should put some boots on. It has been raining for several days now and the ground is pretty

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muddy. (RAIN)

7. Have you finished your homework yet? You have been working on it for hours. (YOU FINISH, WORK)

8. Maria has been looking for a job since she left school last summer. She still hasn't found one. (LOOK,

NOT FIND)

9. They have been watching TV the whole evening. It's their favourite film and they have seen it several

times. (WATCH, SEE)

10. I have asked him about his new girlfriend twice this week. He doesn't seem to want to answer. (ASK)

11. I have just passed my driving test. (JUST PASS)

12. Where have you been? - At the doctor's. I have been ill lately (YOU BE, BE)

13. We have set the date for the marriage. It will be on May 26. (SET)

14. My sister has been eating too many sweets lately. She must try to stop. (EAT)

15. I haven't seen him for ages. I wonder what he has been up to. (NOT SEE, BE)

16. I have been learning French for three years now but I don't seem to be making

any progress. It's so difficult (LEARN).

4- Present Perfect Progressive (continuous)

Complete the conversations with the words in parentheses. Use the present perfect progressive.

Sara: How long (1) have you been going (you / go) on long-distance hikes?

Gina: Since I was in college. And I’m now in my sixties. (2) -------------------------- (my husband / hike)

since he was a child.

Sara: (3) ----------------------- (it / get) easier or more difficult for you to hike long distances these days?

Gina: Well, I’d say that lately (4) ----------------------- (we / work) harder to keep up with the younger

people on the hikes, but I don’t think (5) ------------------------ (we / cause) any problems or
delays!

Jareer: (6) ------------------------- (you / enjoy) yourselves on the trip so far?

Katya: Oh, yes. (7) ------------------------- (we / have) a wonderful time.

Jareer: So what (8) -------------------------- (you / do) during your stay here in town?

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Katya: Well, (9) -------------------- (we / visit) museums and (10) ------------------------- (take) tours of the

major sights.

Present Continuous

4- Exercises on Present Continuous.

1- Add the –ing.

1. camp ______________

2. swim ______________

3. travel______________

4. walk ______________

5. have ______________

6. write ______________

7. cook ______________

8. shop ______________

2- Complete the sentences.

1. His dad and brother ________(cycle) to the shops.

2. We __________ (not travel) in Japan.

3. I __________ (sunbathe) on the beach.

4. She __________ (not watch) TV.

5. They __________ (not swim) in the sea.

6. Soha __________ (stay) at home today.

3- Write the questions and the short answers.

1. your dad / work / today /?

_____________________________

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Yes, _________________________

2. you / have a good time / on holiday /?

_____________________________

Yes, _________________________

3. your mum / cook dinner / now /?

_____________________________

Yes, _________________________

4. your friends / play football /?

_____________________________

Yes, _________________________

4- Complete the dialogues.

1. a. I ́m going on holiday.

b. Where ______________?

2. a. He ́s cooking dinner.

b. What ______________?

3. a. My sister is going to England.

b. Who ______________?

4. a. We aren ́t staying in a hotel.

b. Where ______________?

5- Present continuous.

1. I ___________ (watch) a reality show on TV.

2. My favourite team ___________ (win)!

3. Someone ___________ (swim) in the sea.

4. Two people ___________ (cook) dinner on the beach.

5. We ___________ (not watch) a soap opera.

6. I ___________ (not do) my homework.

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7. Mum ___________ (read) a magazine.

8. My brother ___________ (not listen) to the radio.

9. Dad ___________ (not cook) dinner.

10. Tara ___________ (talk) by phone.

11. Ali ___________ (play) on the computer.

12. Who ___________(watch) TV?

13. Tina ___________ (do) grammar exercises.

14. I ___________ (eat) a pizza.

15. We ___________ (sit) in the classroom.

16. I ___________ (not write) an email.

17. Amy ___________ (not go) to school today.

18. We ___________ (not have) fun today.

19. My team ___________ (not win) the match.

20. My parents ___________ (drive) to work now.

21. ___________ they ___________ (read) magazines?

Yes, they are.

22. ___________ you ___________ (learn) English? Yes, I am.

23. ___________ Helen ___________ (write) a letter? No, she isn ́t.

24. ___________ Sarah ___________ (play) the guitar? Yes, she is.

25. We ___________ (not play) basketball.

6- Present continuous.

1. Trina ___________ (walk) past the supermarket.

2. Where are you? We ___________ (wait) for you!

3. I ́m on a bus and it ___________ (not move).

4. When ___________ you ___________ (come) to see me?

5. I ___________ (sit) on a bus.

6. Pete ́s mother ___________ (not have) a burger.

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7. John ́s friends ___________ (play) football at the Sports Centre.

8. My best friend ___________ (sit) next to me.

9. I ___________ (not wear) something blue.

10. My teacher ___________ (not stand) behind me.

11. I ___________ (not write) with a pencil.

12. Saad ___________ (have) a shower.

13. Mona ___________ (leave) the room.

14. Majed ___________ (make) a phone call.

15. Rola ___________ (open) the door.

16. Saad ___________ (brush) his teeth.

17. Rasha ___________ (sing).

18. Mahdi ___________ (listen) to the radio.

19. Jameel ___________ (walk) to school.

20. Rami ___________ (write) a letter.

21. What ___________ the boys ___________ (do) now?

22. Saad ___________ (eat) spaghetti.

23. What ___________ your teacher ___________ (say)?

24. Jumana ___________ (play) with the dog.

25. Where ___________ Sara and Maryam ___________ (sit)?

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