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LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND YOUTH IN ANDHRA PRADESH

Article · October 2019

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Arts & Education International Research Journal Volume 6 Issue 2 ISSN 2349- 1353

LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND

YOUTH IN ANDHRA PRADESH
Dr. A. Samuel Dayakar
Head, Department of Political Science, Andhra Loyola College,
Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India,
Email: [email protected]
Dr. Ramesh Babu Para
Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Andhra Loyola College,
Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India,
Email: [email protected]

Received: Aug. 2019 Accepted: Sep. 2019 Published: Oct. 2019

Abstract: This paper is an examination of the welfare state and local government in the light of the
globalization, privatization, and corporatization which were brought tremendous changes in the phase
of rural life. Due to these changes the youth and youth related issues are not studies systematically. The
main focus of the paper is to estimate the government initiated welfare schemes and how the youth are
involved in contributing the rural life in general and development of the families in particular. Village
Panchayat within which ‘Grama Sabha’ meetings were initiated for direct participation of the youth in
the village development programs. How did all Agricultural Skills (Rural Agricultural Marketing)
techniques being compared between the educated youth and illiterates parents. What were the major
changes that the present generation brought through educated youth in the phase of technology would
be captured through the empirical evidences.

Keywords: Local Government, Gram Sabha, Agricultural Skills, Youth, Globalisation, Technology.

Introduction: Youth is on the threshold of a unique demographic divided with young persons. The
population of persons blow the age of 35 years is about 70 per cent of the total population. Within this,
the population between the age of 10-19 years is approximately 225 million, the largest ever cohort of
young people to make a transition to adulthood. It is this population of young people, which constitutes
for India, a potential demographic divided, and challenges of mega proportions if not properly
addressed and harnessed. Among the most deprived sections in India are the “Dalits,” officially called
1
Scheduled Castes (SCs) . For centuries, they have suffered from the practice of Untouchability,
segregation, and low economic status, lack of political power and low level of education. All these
factors working together have worsened seriously the socio-economic mobility among Dalits.

The National Youth Policy (NYP) 2003 recognizes training and employment, health and family welfare
and education as key sectors of concern for the youth. The NYP also envisages youth empowerment as
one of the trust areas. The Draft NYP 2012 is first of its kind as it recognizes that Youth is not a
homogeneous group and has numerous differentials based on habitat, environment, socio-economic
status of their families and their own life styles. In addition, the Draft policy proposes to change the
target age group from the existing 13-35 years to 16-30 years.

The draft policy not only spells out the objectives but also elaborates the details of the policy
interventions required and indentified partners responsible for achieving the objectives. In a first, Youth
Development Index (YDI) that would serve as the baseline and ready beckoner for evaluators and policy
makers has also been incorporated as a part of the policy.

1
R. Govinda India Education Report, New Delhi, Oxford University Press, (2000) p. 72.

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Arts & Education International Research Journal Volume 6 Issue 2 ISSN 2349- 1353

The changing scenario in the country due to globalization, rapid technological advancement and the
emergence of India as the global economic power has necessitated a review of the existing National
Youth Policy of 2003. In a significant move forward, the Draft Youth Policy, for the first time, has also
been under pinned by the guiding principle of providing targeted employable skills to different youth
segments in the line with Prime Minister’s Skill Development Mission, apart from identifying varied
segments based on socio-economic, gender and geographical parameters as specific targets. The Youth
groups are identified are; Student youth, Migrant youth, Rural youth, Tribal youth, Youth at Risk, Youth
in violent conflicts, Out of school/dropouts, Groups with socio-moral stigma, Youth in Institutional
care, Young Woman, Youth Belongs to socially and economically disadvantaged communities/groups,
and differently abled youth. The above mentioned youth groups sub divided in to three major groups
based on the age. The first sub-group will be 16-30 years covering mostly youth who requires educational
facilities. The second sub-group is 20-25 years who require access to employable skills. The third sub-
group 25-30 who require access to self employment and entrepreneurial skills.

Issues and Challenges To understand the youth from the perspective of Dalit are constitute majorly
living in rural areas. Asking what secure access would mean to the Dalit Youth Empowerment. For
example, the following questions were to be probed;
§ How will programmes of State be implemented for the Dalit Youth in rural areas?
§ How will these programmes target the Dalit Youth in reaching out?

According to the 1991 census reports, the number of graduates in rural areas in Andhra Pradesh is
1,99,781 and in the year 2001, it increased to 9,27,898 out of which in the year 1991 the male graduates
constitute 1,81,629 and female 18,152 where as in the year 2001 the number is subsequently increased in
both male and female graduates are 7,39,332 and 1,88,566. The total population of Andhra Pradesh in the
year 1991 is 486.21 lakhs and 554.01 lakhs in the year 2001, which are o.2, and 0.9 per cent of the total
population.
· The main focused area would be village Panchayat within which Dalit Wada/Colony is not included
in ‘Grama Sabha’ meetings, though it’s included the participation is less.
· The youth needs are different from the general needs of Dalit Wada/Colony at village level.
· All Dalits are not equal, within which Dalits female Youth needs are different from male youth so
there should be a special focus on women.
· The Agricultural Skills (Rural Agricultural Marketing): The main occupation in rural areas in general
and Dalits in particular are agriculture faming and allied wage labors. Most of the Dalit families
depend on agriculture wage work as main source of income. The youth must be given trainings on
Rural Agricultural Marketing related issues.

Andhra Pradesh Government Programs and Initiations: Local Governments are the oldest, most
omnipresent of all forms of government in the world for they must have existed from the earliest times.
Close to the people, they might be the only form of government necessary were it not for the dangers
that any small government faces from hostile larger units.
The Table.1: Gives a description of the population trends from 1901 to 2011. This is an indication that
every decade population got increasing. The other side youth has predominant population in all these
decades. Though the region of Andhra Pradesh has handful of youth population in rural areas but there
has not much programs initiated by the government for the development of the youth.

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Arts & Education International Research Journal Volume 6 Issue 2 ISSN 2349- 1353

Table 11: Government Portal and Official Information

SL No Particulars Government Website
1 Director of Archeology and Museums
2 Director, Tourism http://www.aptdc.gov.in/
3 A.P. Tourism Development Corporation http://www.aptdc.gov.in/
4 SETWIN
5 Sports Authority of A.P
6 A.P. Sports School http://apysrsportsschool.in/
7 Directorate of N.C.C., A.P
8 Director, Department of Culture http://apculturedept.com
9 Commissioner of Tourism, A.P. http://www.aptdc.gov.in/
10 Director of Youth Services, of A.P.
11 A.P. State Cultural Council
12 Shilparaman Arts, Crafts & Cultural Society

The government of Andhra Pradesh clubbed the youth activities under the official department called
youth, Tourism and Culture within which there has been 12 different departments are working under
single administration. The structure of the organisation is like this

Table 12: Director of Archeology and Museums

SL No Organisation Structure Budget Allocation
Sri. Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy
1
Chief Minister of Andhra Prades
Sri Muttamsetti Srinivasa Rao
Hon’ble Minister of Andhra Pradesh,
2
Tourism, Telugu Language, Culture and
Youth Advancement
Sri. Praveen Kumar Kolaventy, I.A.S.
3 Principal Secretary to Government, Tourism,
Culture and Youth Advancement
Dr. G. Vani Mohan, I.A.S.
4 Commissioner, Department of Archaeology &
Museums

Table 13: Director, Tourism

SL No Organisation Structure Budget Allocation
Sri. Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy
1
Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh
Sri Muttamsetti Srinivasa Rao
Hon’ble Minister of Andhra Pradesh,
2
Tourism, Telugu Language, Culture and Youth
Advancement
Sri. Praveen Kumar Kolaventy, I.A.S.
3 Principal Secretary to Government, Tourism,
Culture and Youth Advancement
Shri Pravin Kumar, I.A.S,
4 CEO, APTA,
Govt. of Andhra Pradesh

Program under Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation is a state government agency which
promotes tourism in Andhra Pradesh, India. The department offers tour packages of Heritage, Nature,

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Arts & Education International Research Journal Volume 6 Issue 2 ISSN 2349- 1353

Adventure, Health and Rural tourism representing rich historical and natural background of Andhra
2
Pradesh state .

SETWIN: SETWIN was Established in the year 1978 by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to create
Employment Opportunities to a large number of Unemployed Youth, destitute Women, Physically
Handicapped persons, people of weaker sections belongs to SC,ST,BC,EBC, Minorities communities of
Twin cities by extending suitable training at nominal fees. Trained 3.80 Lakhs Trainees in various
courses like Women Oriented, Technical, Computer, Management courses etc, and 86,216 Trainees
3
secured Jobs not only in India and in Abroad .

Sports in Andhra Pradesh have its own importance, where many sporting personalities were into
limelight. The Sports Authority of Andhra Pradesh (SAAP) undertakes the sports development activities
such as construction of stadiums, establishment of sports academies and other sporting related
activities. The sports infrastructure have increased tremendously by improving infrastructure in outdoor
and Indoor stadiums, play fields, sports academies, sports equipments etc. Sports such as kho
kho, kabaddi are played mostly in Andhra Pradesh. Most sports players from Andhra Pradesh represent
4
national level competitions and very few international competitions .
Governing Body and Executive Counsel of Dr.YSR Sports School: In the G.O.Ms. No. 6 dated:
21.04.2017 of YAT & C (Sports), Dept, Government of A.P have constituted the General Governing Body
under the Chairmanship of Honourable Minister for Sports and the Executive Council under the
Chairmanship of the District Collector, Kadapa for Dr.YSR State Sports School, Kadapa with the
following members and their powers and functions to achieve the aims & objectives and to run the
affairs of the School in a systematic and smooth manner.

AP Directorate NCC is located at secunderabad (General Chaudhary Marg). This is near Secunderabad
Club, Jubilee Bus Stand, and Utsav Restraunt. AP Directorate NCC is one of the largest directorates of
NCC with about 1,29,000 cadet strength. This Directorate is headed by an Air Commodore from the
Indian Air Force. The present incumbant is Air Commodore S Badyal. His staff members include
a Director (Colonel Roveen), Assistant/Joint Directors (AD/JD) for the branches (Personnell,
Training, P&C and Administration) who are all military officers. In addition, Assistant Director
(State) looks after the affairs of all State Government employees in the Directorate. There are
two Accounts Officers (AO), one for Central and the other for State Funds.

AP Directorate has Nine Groups under it. These are located all across the State. The locations of the
NCC Groups are Vishakhapatnam, Kakinada, Guntur, Tirupati, Kurnool, Nizamabad, Warangal,
Hyderabad and Secunderabad Groups. Each Group is headed by a Group Commander of the rank
of Colonel/ Equivalent. Except for Vishkhapatnam Group which is headed by an officer from the Indian
Navy of the rank of Captain (IN), all other groups are commanded by Army officers. Each group HQ has
an Administrative Officer (AO), a Training Officer (TO) and an Assistant Director (AD). AD looks
after the affairs of all the State Government employees of the entire Group. Various branches at the
Group level are same as the Directorate. In turn, each group has a number of Army/Navy/Air wing units
(Major and Minor), which are headed by Commanding Officers (CO)/Officer Commanding
(OC). Some units have an Adminstrative Officer (AO) OR a Whole Time Lady Officer (WTLO). All
these officers except the WTLO are regular Armed Forces Officers of the rank of Colonel/Lt Col or
5
equivalent .

Department of Culture: As the rest of the constituents of the Indian Union, Andhra Pradesh too, in its
own inimitable way, contributed its own part to the common cultural heritage of India, maintaining at

2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh_Tourism_Development_Corporation
3
http://www.setwin.in/event.html
4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_in_Andhra_Pradesh
5
http://www.nccdteap.co.in/

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Arts & Education International Research Journal Volume 6 Issue 2 ISSN 2349- 1353

the same time its own individuality. Though, throughout the ages, owing to many historical reasons,
many races, peoples and religious groups contributed in their own way to the cultural development of
Andhras, the keynote of that growth has always been a synthesis on the basis of eternal values. The
Andhra cultural wealth developed in such a way is reflected to-day in feasts and festivals; literature,
music, dance, drama, arts and crafts, attitude and actions, educational pattern and mode of life of the
Andhras. Here only a thumbnail sketch of those various facets of Andhra Culture is attempted to be
6
given under appropriate heads

Commission of Tourism: Under this commission so far the government of Andhra Pradesh has not yet
allocated office and management but budget was allotted to this particular department. The question is
where these budgets are going. Why the government is not quite on these departments.

Director of Youth Services of Andhra Pradesh: The Department of Youth Services was established in
the year 1972 to channelize the energies of youth for constructive activities. It is run by the Government
of Andhra Pradesh, India. Recently the department office has setup at labbipet, Vijayawada.
Department of youth services Director and MD APSTEP Sri BHANU PRAKASH YETURI, IAS has
been appointed and as Commissioner Smt. G. Komal Kishore, IRS took charges. The department has
not enlisted the program under this.

A.P State Cultural Council has not yet setup by the Government: When it comes to the cultural
council of Andhra Pradesh has not even have the office and web portals of the government. The budget
allocation has been done to the mentioned department while implementation mechanisms are not
provided.

Shilparaman Arts, Crafts and Cultural Society: After bifurcation of the department the government
has not allocated any place for the office and office staff for the functioning of the department. In this
connection the government allocated budget is completely unspent due to lack of implementing
management systems.

Conclusion: The statistics on youth belonging to Andhra Pradesh reveals that there have been several
development initiatives by clubbing tourism, cultural department with the youth. Funds have been
allocated and several departments are still setting up its administrative and other management localities
after the bifurcation of the state. There is huge gap between the government information reaching to the
rural youth. Not much programs organised by the state government highlighting the programs. The
offices are not showing interest in taking the programs to the rural youth.

Acknowledgment: We would like to place our sincere thanks to the organizers of the International
Multidisciplinary Research Foundation for accepting our paper both for presentation and publication.
We are equally indebted to Rev. Fr. Dr. Mark Sagayaraj SJ., the Correspondent, Rev. Fr. G. Victor
Emmanuel, SJ., the Principal, Rev. Fr. Dr. A. Rex Angelo, SJ., the Vice-Principal., of Andhra Loyola
College management for giving permission to present our views and thoughts on the subject at the
international conference.

References:

1. Galab, Shaik, P. Prudhvikar Reddy, and Rozana Himaz. "Young Lives Round 2 Survey Report: Initial
findings: Andhra Pradesh, India." (2008).
2. Young, Stephen, and Craig Jeffrey. "Making ends meet: Youth enterprise at the rural-urban
intersections." Economic and Political Weekly (2012): 45-51.
3. Para, Ramesh Babu. “Technology and its Impact on Dalits Education: An Empirical
Analysis”, Research Journal of Educational Sciences, Vol. 2.1, (April 2014): 13-18.

6
https://www.ap.gov.in/?page_id=253

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 Arts & Education International Research Journal Volume 6 Issue 2 ISSN 2349- 1353

4. Para, Ramesh Babu. School Education and Welfare State: A Critical Dalit Perspective, Lap Lambert
Academic Publishing, December, 2015): 1-144
5. Para, Ramesh Babu, Srilatha, “Women Empowerment and Habitation of Land for Landless: An
Empirical Analysis”, Human Rights International Research Journal, Issue 1, Volume 1, (March 2013):
335-343.
6. Galab, Shaik, P. Prudhvikar Reddy, and Rozana Himaz. "Young Lives Round 2 Survey Report: Initial
findings: Andhra Pradesh, India." (2008).
7. Young, Stephen, and Craig Jeffrey. "Making ends meet: Youth enterprise at the rural-urban
intersections." Economic and Political Weekly (2012): 45-51.

Appendix:
Table 14: Population Trends
Census (1901-2011)
Decadal Change in
Year Population
Growth (%) Growth (%)
2011 8,45,80,777 10.98 -3.61
2001 7,62,10,007 14.59 -9.61
1991 6,65,08,008 24.2 1.1
1981 5,35,51,026 23.1 2.2
1971 4,35,02,708 20.9 5.25
1961 3,59,83,447 15.65 1.63
1951 3,11,15,259 14.02 1.27
1941 2,72,89,340 12.75 -0.24
1931 2,42,03,573 12.99 13.12
1921 2,14,20,448 -0.13 -12.62
1911 2,14,47,412 12.49 -
1901 1,90,65,921 - -
Sources: http://statisticstimes.com/demographics/population-of-andhra-pradesh.php
Table 15: Rural and Urban division of the population
Population in 5 year Age Group (2011)
Age group Total Rural Urban
Share Share Share
Persons Persons Persons
(%) (%) (%)
00-04 62,84,765 7.43 42,12,158 7.47 20,72,607 7.34
05-Sep 73,04,432 8.64 49,76,869 8.83 23,27,563 8.25
Oct-14 82,01,595 9.7 55,65,402 9.87 26,36,193 9.34
15-19 80,93,747 9.57 53,34,069 9.46 27,59,678 9.78
20-24 81,32,094 9.61 52,63,277 9.34 28,68,817 10.17
25-29 77,99,036 9.22 49,95,581 8.86 28,03,455 9.93
30-34 65,84,371 7.78 42,33,619 7.51 23,50,752 8.33
35-39 65,07,339 7.69 42,46,358 7.53 22,60,981 8.01
40-44 53,99,473 6.38 35,40,901 6.28 18,58,572 6.59
45-49 46,57,269 5.51 30,67,300 5.44 15,89,969 5.63
50-54 36,57,386 4.32 24,41,460 4.33 12,15,926 4.31
55-59 29,09,598 3.44 19,75,179 3.5 9,34,419 3.31
60-64 31,99,837 3.78 23,42,553 4.16 8,57,284 3.04
65-69 21,67,854 2.56 16,24,701 2.88 5,43,153 1.92
70-74 15,19,358 1.8 11,48,018 2.04 3,71,340 1.32
75-79 6,36,989 0.75 4,60,041 0.82 1,76,948 0.63
80+ 7,54,203 0.89 5,32,778 0.95 2,21,425 0.78
Age not stated 7,71,431 0.91 4,01,438 0.71 3,69,993 1.31
Total 8,45,80,777 5,63,61,702 2,82,19,075
Sources: http://statisticstimes.com/demographics/population-of-andhra-pradesh.php

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