MOLE CONCEPT QUESTIONS (2009 to 2022)

2009: internal
1. Part of the process for the extraction of Uranium (U) uses the reaction of
Uranium Tetrafluoride (UF 4) with magnesium.
UF 4+ 2 Mg →2 MgF 2+ U

(i) Calculate the relative molecular mass of Uranium Tetrafluoride ( UF 4).

(ii) How many tonnes of Uranium can be produced in the above reaction using
24

tonnes of magnesium?

2 (a) Work out the relative formula mass, Mr. of the following:
.
(i) Ca ( HCO3 )2
(ii) Al2 ( SO4 )3

(b) When water containing dissolved calcium hydrogen carbonate is boiled,

the calcium
hydrogen carbonate decomposes according to the equation below:

Ca ( HCO3 )2(aq) → CaCO3(s )+ H 2 O(l )+ CO2 (g)

If the water boiled contained 16.2g of Calcium hydrogen carbonate,

calculate the mass
of CaCO3 formed.
2010: internal
3. A spillage of 9.8 tonnes of sulphuric acid results from an accident by a road
tanker. Slaked lime is used to neutralize the acid.
The chemical equation for the neutralization reaction is given below:
H 2 SO4 (aq )+Ca ( OH )2 (aq) → CaSO 4 (aq )+ H 2 O(l )

(i) Balance the equation.

(ii) Calculate the mass of slaked lime needed to neutralize 9.8 tonnes of
spilt sulphuric acid.
2011: internal
4.

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 Urea, ( NH 2 )2 CO and water are formed when ammonia reacts with carbon
dioxide. Urea is obtained as a solid from the reaction mixture.
(a) (i) Write a balanced chemical equation including state symbols for this
reaction.
(ii) How many atoms of hydrogen are present in one molecule of urea?
(b) What mass of urea in tonnes can be formed from 34 tonnes of
ammonia?

2012: internal

5. Calcium chloride (CaCl2) can be prepared by reacting calcium carbonate and

dilute hydrochloric acid as shown in the equation below:
CaCO3 (s) +2 HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) +CO 2(g ) + H 2 O(l)

Calculate the mass of calcium chloride produced by 150g of calcium

carbonate.
2013: internal
6 a) Define relative molecular mass (Mr.)
. b) Potassium carbonate reacts with dilute sulphuric acid to form potassium
sulphate, carbon dioxide gas and water.
i. Construct a balanced chemical equation, including state symbols for
the reaction above.
ii. Calculate the mass of potassium sulphate produced when 2.0g of
potassium carbonate reacts with an excess of dilute sulphuric acid.
2014: internal

7. Magnesium carbonate decomposes on heating to form magnesium oxide and

carbon dioxide.
a) Construct a chemical equation for the decomposition of magnesium
carbonate. Include state symbols.
b) Calculate the relative formula mass of magnesium carbonate.
c) Given that 21kg of magnesium carbonate is heated, calculate the mass
of magnesium oxide formed.
2015: internal

8. The chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium and sulphuric
acid is given below.
Mg(s )+ H 2 SO 4 (aq ) → MgSO4 (aq) + H 2 (g)

2
 Calculate the mass of hydrogen gas produced when 96g of magnesium
reacts with dilute sulphuric acid.
2015: G. C. E

9 In another reaction Zinc oxide was reacted with dilute sulphuric acid
. according to the equation below:
ZnO(S )+ H 2 SO4 (aq )+ 6 H 2 O(l ) → ZnSO 4 .7 H 2 O(s )

Calculate the mass of zinc sulphate heptahydrate, Zn SO4 . 7 H 2 O , crystals that

can be formed from 19.6g of sulphuric acid.

2016: G. C. E

10 When carbon dioxide gas is bubbled through aqueous calcium hydroxide

. (lime water), the following reaction occurs:
Ca (OH )2 (aq )+ CO2 ( g) →CaCO 3 (s )+ H 2 O(l )

a) Write a word equation for this reaction.

b) If 1.2dm3 of carbon dioxide gas measured at r.t.p was bubbled through
excess calcium hydroxide solution. Calculate the:
i. Mass of calcium hydroxide solution which reacted.
ii. Mass of calcium carbonate formed.
2016: internal
11 2.4g of magnesium reacts with 0.30 mol of hydrochloric acid.
.
a) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
b) (ii) Determine the limiting reactant.
(iii) Calculate the mass in excess for the substance which is in excess.

2017: G.C.E
12. A spillage of 15.5 tonnes of sulphuric add results from an accident of a road
tanker. Slaked lime is used to neutralize the acid according to the equation
below:
H 2 SO 4 (aq) +Ca ( OH )2 (aq ) → CaSO 4(s )+ H 2 O(l )

a) Balance the equation above.

b) Determine the relative formula mass of Ca (OH )2 .
c) Use the balanced equation to determine the mass of calcium sulphate
formed during the neutralization of the spilt acid.

2017:
internal
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13. a) Define the term concentration.
b) Calculate the concentration of a solution made by dissolving 60g of
sodium hydroxide, (NaOH) pellets in 300 cm3 of water.

2018: internal
14. Calcium Oxide is produced by heating limestone following the reaction
below:
CaCO3 (s) →CaO (s) +CO2 (g)

a) Determine the relative formulae mass of calcium carbonate(CaCO3 ).

b) Determine the mass of calcium oxide produced if 400g of calcium
carbonate is decomposed fully.

2019. G.C.E
3
15 A learner reacted a certain mass of magnesium with 150 cm of dilute
. hydrochloric acid. 240cm3 of hydrogen gas evolved at room temperature and
pressure.
a) Construct a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
b) Calculate
i. The number of moles of hydrogen in 240cm3 of the gas.
ii. The mass of magnesium used in the experiment to produce 240
cm of hydrogen at room temperature and pressure.
3

2019: internal
16 Magnesium Oxide reacts with dilute sulphuric acid as shown below:
.
MgO(s) + H 2 SO 4(aq) → MgSO 4 (aq)+ H 2 O(l )

600g of magnesium oxide was reacted with 980g of dilute sulphuric acid.
a) Determine the limiting reagent in the reaction above.
b) Calculate the mass of magnesium sulphate that was obtained at the
end of the reaction.
c) 1080g of magnesium sulphate was obtained at the end of the reaction.
Calculate the percentage yield.
17.

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 2020: G.C.E
a) Define concentration.
b) State the SI unit for concentration.
c) Calculate the mass of potassium hydroxide, KOH, that needs to be
used to prepare 500 cm3 of 0.25 M solution in water.

2021: G. C. E
18. 2.0g of pure magnesium ribbon reacted with exactly 100 cm3 of 2.0mol /dm 3
hydrochloric acid.
a) Construct a balanced chemical equation for the reaction. Include
state symbols.
b) Determine the limiting reagent for the reaction.
c) Calculate the volume of the gas that was evolved at r.t.p.
2021: internal

19. Ethyl ethanoate ( CH 3 CO 2 C2 H 5 ) can be prepared from ethanol and ethanoic

acid.
a) Write the chemical equation for the reaction.
b) Calculate the theoretical yield of ethyl ethanoate which can be
obtained from 23g of ethanol.
c) If 33g of ethyl ethanoate is produced, calculate the percentage yield.

2022: G.C.E

20. Excess of zinc metal was added to 200 cm of 2M hydrochloric acid.

a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
b) Calculate
i. number of moles of hydrogen gas produced in this reaction.
ii. volume of hydrogen gas produced at r.t.p.
c) what mass of zinc was used in the reaction?

2022: internal
21. Calcium nitrate decomposes on heating according to the reaction:

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 Ca ( NO3 )2 →CaO + NO 2+O2

a) copy the equation given and balance it.

b) Calculate the relative formula mass of calcium nitrate.
c) If 16.4g of calcium nitrate is decomposed, calculate the volume of
oxygen gas liberated at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p).