1.
Translation is the replacement of _________________in one language ( source language)
by_____________________________ in another language.( target language)
2. Translation is a process of conveying _____________across ____________ and
____________barriers.
3. Translation is rendering ______________of a text into another language in the way that the
author __________ the text.
4. Translation consists of ________________in the _________________the
____________________of the source language message, first in terms of ___________and
secondly in terms of ________.
5. Translation is a process of finding a _________________ for a source language utterance. (dien
dat/loin oi)
6. Each language carries with its own meaning since message is the ___________of language.
7. A change of _______( actual words, phrases, clauses, sentences, paragraph….) transfer
the_____________________.
8. _______________ translation- translation within the same language, which can involve
____________or_____________.( diễn đạt lại hoặc diễn giải lại)
9. ________________translation- translation from one language to another.
10. ________________translation – translation of the _____________by a __________________(
music, image..)( dịch ký hiệu ngôn ngữ bằng ký hiệu phi ngôn ngữ)
11. This is done by going from the form of the first language to the form of second language by way
of__________________. It is __________which is being transferred and must retain unchanged.
Only the form changes.
12. Translation not only involves understanding the general ____________of the communication but
calls upon the ability to understand the _________of communication.
13. The translator must have a perfect _______________of his author’s __________and__________.
14. The translator should have complete ___________of both source language and target language.
15. The translator should not translate_______________.
16. The translator should be aware of Latinisms and use ____________language.
17. The translator should strive after a smooth, and elegant, unpretentious and even style. - Người
dịch nên cố gắng theo đuổi một văn phong trôi chảy, tao nhã, khiêm tốn và đồng đều.
18. The translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work.
19. The style and manner of writing should be the _____________ with that of the ____________
20. The field of translation and interpretation is especially demanding because of the variety of
complex tasks that are involved in terms of: general____________, ____________knowledge
and specific _____________________________skills.
21. All the tasks are in addition to _______________in the language to be used, which is
clearly a
prerequisite for study in translation and interpretation.
22. In the first instance, translation and interpretation involve an enormous amount of knowledge in
a variety of areas.
23. Translation and interpretation involve_________, not________.
24. The course of translation and interpretation will need to involve studies or__________________.
25. Before we can translate or interpret a message, we must understand the ________________of
the ___________within its own_______________.
26. You should have clear __________________which formulated those ideas.
27. In addition to a wealth of general knowledge in relevant subject areas, the ability to
________________________and to solve problems of ________________________, translation
and interpretation are specific and complex skills which require the development of particular
psycholinguistic strategies. Ngoài kiến thức tổng quát phong phú về các lĩnh vực chủ đề liên
quan, khả năng chuyển đổi bối cảnh văn hóa và giải quyết các vấn đề về giao tiếp, dịch thuật và
giải thích liên văn hóa là những kỹ năng cụ thể và phức tạp đòi hỏi phải phát triển các chiến lược
ngôn ngữ tâm lý cụ thể.
28. Translation implies carefully analyzing the _________given within the __________of a
particular ____________and transferring this message into another written linguistic code.
Interpretation, on the other hand, meaning doing the same but ________________and________.
29. ______________________involve the __________of a translation outside of class and it is then
constructively criticized by both students and teachers.
30. _________________includes an immediate, oral rendition base on a written text. You learn
to read ahead while translating.
31. ______________________is a process of listening to a __________or__________in one
language and at a certain moment transcribing and summarizing it orally, in another language.
This time lapse between the speech and your interpretation varies.
32. ______________________involves the immediate, simultaneous interpretation of what being
said into another language.
33. The major difference between sight translation and prepared translation is speed of response
34. As well as special skills, both translation and interpretation upon vast areas of general
knowledge and the ability to switch_____________________.
35. _______________: a dynamic sequences of events with emphasis on verbs, verb nouns and
phrasal verbs.
36. ________________: static, with emphasis on linking verbs, adjectives, adjectival nouns.
37. _______________: a treatment of ideas, with emphasis on abstract nouns(concepts), verbs of
thought, mental activity (consider, argue..), logical argument and connectives.
38. ______________: with emphasis on colloquialisms and phaticisms.
39. The _____________of the text represents the SL writer’s attitude to the subject matter.
40. More often than not, the translator’s _____________is identical with that of the author of the SL
text.
41. Context is that which occurs before and/or after a word, a phrase or even a long utterance or
text.
42. The context often helps in understanding the particular _______________of the words, phrases.
43. Loud music- noisy
44. A tie with a loud pattern- unpleasantly colorful
45. In principle, a translational analysis of the SL text based on its comprehension is the first stage
of translation and the basis of the useful discipline of translation criticism.
46. A professional translator would not usually make such an analysis explicitly. He would need to
take only a sample in order to establish the properties of a text.
47. Any attempt to understand the text is not for itself, but for reconstituting the text for a different
_______________in the different culture.
48. Translation must be sensitive to the moral, spiritual values associations of the words and
symbols in the language to find__________________.
49. The early bird catches the worm- Trâu chậm uống nước đục
50. Translation not only involves understanding general subject matter of the communication, but
also calls upon the ability to switch into the culture of the communication.
51. Before translating a message, we must understand the total meaning of the message within its
____________________.
52. The translator must be able to decide on the importance of its______________, what the phrase
really means, not necessarily what it literally means, and convey that meaning in a way which
makes sense not only in the target language but also in the context of the target culture.
53. Primary schools: trường tiểu học ở UK
54. Public schools: trường tư ở Anh, trường công ở Mỹ
55. Public works: công trình công cộng
56. Public conviniences: nhà vệ sinh công cộng
57. Public facilities: tiện ích công cộng- hạ tầng ở trên đường
58. Mix businesses: kinh doanh tổng hợp – cửa hàng tạp hóa
59. Cat association: Hiệp hội những người bảo vệ mèo
60. Travelland: Công ty du lịch
61. Videoland: Cửa hàng cho thuê băng đĩa
62. Bottle shop: cửa hàng bán rượu
63. Travelator: thang cuốn
64. BYO: nhớ mang theo đồ
65. Lay-by: tiền đặt cọc khi thuê nhà
66. The thorn bird: Tiếng chim hót trong bụi mận gai
67. Bank holidays: Ngày nghỉ lễ quốc gia/ Quốc lễ
68. _______________translation: this is often demonstrated as interlinear translation, with the TL
language immediately below the SL words. The SL word-order is preserved, and the words are
commonly translated singly out of the text. This is often used as a pre-translation process to
understand the mechanics of the SL text.
69. ______________translation: The SL grammatical constructions are converted to their nearest
TL equivalents, but the lexical words are still translated singly, out of context. As a pre-
translation process, this indicates the problems to be solved.
EX: Give a hand- Đưa cho tôi một tay. -> give- đưa- is out of context, which means a clumsy,
thus irrelevant translation of words in context.
70. ______________ translation: attempts to reproduce the precise contextual meaning of the
original within the constraints of the TL grammatical structures. It transfers cultural words
and preserves the degree of grammatical and lexical “abnormality” (deviation from SL norms)
in the translation. Translation of this type attempts to be completely faithful to the intention of
the SL writer. Ex: a barking dog never bites-> Chó sủa là chó không cắn
71. ____________translation: differs “faithful translation” only in as far as it must take more
account of the aesthetic value (that is, the beautiful and natural sound) of the SL text,
compromising on “meaning” where appropriate so that no assonance, wordplay or repetition
jars in the finished version. Further, it may translate less important cultural words by
culturally neutral third or functional terms but not only by cultural equivalents.
The distinction between “faithful” and “semantic” translation is that the first is uncompromising
and dogmatic, while the second is more flexible, admits the creative exception to 100% fidelity
and allows for the translator’s intuitive empathy with the original.
Ex: “Give me a hand” _ “Hãy giúp mình một tay”
_______________: “freest” form of translation. It is used mainly for plays(comedies), and
poetry: the themes, characters, plots are usually preserved, the SL culture converted to the
TL culture and the text rewritten by an established dramatist or poet.
72. ___________ranslation: reproduces the matters without the manner, or the context without the
form of the original. Usually, it is a procedure much longer than the original, a so-called
“intralingual translation” not a real translation at all.
73. _____________translation: reproduces the message of the original but tends to distort
nuances of meaning by preferring colloquialisms and idioms where these do not exist in the
original.
74. ________________translation: attempts to render the exact contextual meaning of the original
in such a way that both content and language are readily acceptable and comprehensive to the
readership.
75. Up in the clouds or down in the depths->
76. Never greatly put out by failure _>
77. Up with almost unlimited amounts of public criticism and abuse->
78. A matter of output and input ->
79. We send out signals->
80. We take in message->
81. All that glitters is not gold->
82. I am making hay while the sun shines->
83. Half a loaf’s better than no bread
84. Nhớ gửi thư cho mình nhé- Don’t forget to send me a letter/ Remember to send me a letter( more
idiomatically/more literally)
85. Coi chừng! cửa mới sơn- Wet paint!/ Be careful! The door has just been painted.
86. Học, học nữa, học mãi- Study, study and study/ Study,study, study forever
87. Tôi chờ mãi mà chẳng thấy ai đến – I have been waiting and waiting but nobody has showed up/
I waited for a long time but didn’t see anybody.
88. Xem bạn biết người- A man is known by the company he keeps/ Look at your friends and I know
who you are.
89. Xin đừng nhớ chuyện đã qua – Let bygones be bygone/Please don’t remind what has happened.
90. Nếu có phương tiện, hãy gửi thư cho tôi – Send me a letter if there is a way to do so/ If there is
any means, send me a letter.
91. That substitution is made of not on the basis of the _____________in the phrase, nor on the basis
of a corresponding or similar image contained in the phrase, but on the function of the idiom.
92. No pain no gain: Có công mài sắt có ngày nên kim
93. Dục tốc bất đạt/chậm mà chắc: More haste less speed
94. Tai nghe không bằng mắt thấy: Seeing is believing
95. Đen tình đỏ bạc: Lucky at cards, unlucky in love
96. Ngủ sớm dậy sớm: Early to bed, early to rise
97. Yêu là mù quáng: Love is blind
98. Xa mặt cách lòng: Out of sight, out of mind
99. Có còn hơn không: Half a loaf is better than none
100. Việc hôm nay chớ để ngày mai/Tận dụng cơ hội: Make hay while the sun shines
101. KHông có lửa làm sao có khói: There is no smoke without fire
102. Gian nan mới biết bạn hiền: A fiend in need is a friend indeed
103. The translation should reflect accurately the meaning of original text.
104. The ordering of words and ideas in the translation should ________ the originals
closely as possible.
105. The translator should not change the style of the original.
106. Source language influence: it doesn’t sound natural.
107. Languages often differ greatly in their levels of formality in a given context. To resolve
these differences, the translator must distinguish between formal or fixed expression and
personal expressions, in which the writer or speaker set the tone
108. I dressed my self- I put my clothes on- mặc quần áo
109. I dressed a chicken- I defeathered a chicken and took its inwards out- vặt long gà và
lấy nội tạng
110. I dressed timber- I made the logs smooth- bào gỗ
111. The soldiers dressed rank- The soldiers lined up in straight rows- xếp hàng
112. I dressed the wound- I put medicine on and bandaged the wound. – sát trùng và băng bó
vết thưogn
113. Connotative meanings refer to the additional meaning that’s a word or a phrase has
beyond its central meaning (denotative meanings), these meaning s show people’s emotions
and attitudes towards what the word or phrase refers to.
114. Denotative meaning is a central meaning. The denotative meaning of
a word is its main meaning, not including the feelings and ideas that people
may connect with that word. Although words have both denotative and
connotative meanings, there has been little research on a child's acquisition of
connotations. Denotation is the literal meaning of the word, connotation is a
feeling or indirect meaning.
115. The translator must be aware of the positive and negative connotation of
words in the source language so as to translate with an appropriate connotation
in the target language.
116.
