Advances in Agriculture and Biology (2024) 7(1): 1-7
https://aabinternational.com/
ISSN: 3079-174X
RESEARCH PAPER
Addition of urea fertilizer to Crocober Plus Liquid Organic Fertilizer
improves growth and yield of corn plants (Zea mays L.)
Jamilah*, Irma Suryani, Aslan Sari Thesiwati and Afrirona Diyanti
Department of Agrotechnology, Agriculture Faculty, Tamansiswa University, Padang, Jl. Tamansiswa No. 9 Kecamatan
Padang Utara, Indonesia
Key Message: This study indicates that combining urea factor was the concentration of CP LOF at 0 ml/L water,
with CP LOF significantly improved corn growth 25 ml/L water, and 50 ml/L water, with three replications.
parameters, such as plant height, total leaf area, and grain Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA)
weight, with the highest yield observed at 10 g urea/L CP at a 5% significance level, followed by Duncan’s New
LOF and 50 ml/L CP LOF, achieving a dry grain yield of Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at the same level. The
6.33 tons/ha. results showed that the combination of urea fertilizer and
CP LOF significantly affected parameters such as plant
Abstract height, total leaf area, 75% tasseling age, grain weight per
sample plant, and 100-grain weight. The addition of 10 g
This study aims to determine the effect of adding urea to urea/L CP LOF resulted in better growth and yield of corn
Crocober Plus liquid organic fertilizer (CP LOF) on the compared to lower urea doses. The application of 50 ml/L
growth and yield of corn. The research was conducted CP LOF increased dry grain yield, reaching 6.33 tons/ha.
from March to July 2024 on dry land in Aia Pacah, Koto Further research is needed to explore higher doses of CP
Tangah District, Padang City. The study employed a LOF to achieve optimal corn yields. © 2024 The Author(s)
factorial completely randomized design (CRD). The first
factor involved the addition of urea at doses of 0 g/L CP Keywords: Corn, Crocober plus liquid organic fertilizer,
LOF, 5 g/L CP LOF, and 10 g/L CP LOF. The second Dry land, Optimization, Urea
Citation: Jamilah, Suryani, I., Thesiwati, A. S., & Diyanti, A. (2024). Addition of urea fertilizer to crocober plus liquid
organic fertilizer improves growth and yield of corn plants (Zea mays L.). Advances in Agriculture and Biology, 7(1), 1-7.
Introduction foliar fertilizer, although this needed to be complemented
by NPK fertilizers applied to the roots.
Agricultural products such as corn play a strategic role in Given these findings, it is necessary to innovate and
enhancing food supply and economic growth (Zia et al., increase the nitrogen content in CP LOF by adding urea.
2023). Corn serves as a vital source of carbohydrates and To minimize the hygroscopic effects of urea on leaves, it is
protein, often used as a substitute for rice (Ahmad & essential to test its application at low doses. Determining
Ahmad, 2018; Rubab et al., 2020; Mehmood et al., 2022). the optimal urea dose is crucial to achieving the best
In various regions of Indonesia, particularly in Madura and possible growth and development of corn. Urea is a
Nusa Tenggara, corn is also a primary source of synthetic fertilizer containing 46% nitrogen (N), making it
carbohydrates and protein. According to the Central highly beneficial during the vegetative growth phase of
Statistics Agency (2024), the production of dry shelled plants (Ahmad & Aslam, 2018; Shehzad et al., 2023). It
corn with 14% moisture content is projected to reach 14.46 plays a key role in promoting plant growth and
million tons in 2023, a decrease of 2.07 million tons development (Yousaf et al., 2018; Abbas & Shafique,
(12.50%) compared to 16.53 million tons in 2022. 2019; Supandji & Saptorini, 2019). Plants require
Enhancing soil fertility is one approach to addressing the nitrogen-based fertilizers as they supply an essential
decline in corn productivity. macronutrient. Nitrogen regulates plant metabolism,
Corn holds a strategic position not only in food supply particularly photosynthesis. Thus, the availability of N is
but also in economic terms. To increase production, corn is critical for the survival and growth of all plants, including
an essential raw material benefiting industries such as corn (Putra & Hanum, 2018; Iqbal et al., 2022).
animal feed, food processing, and biofuels (Irsyad & Nitrate ions (NO₃⁻) and ammonium ions (NH₄⁺) are
Kastono, 2019; Azam et al., 2023). Jamilah et al. (2016) primary nitrogen sources for plants (Akram & Iqbal,
demonstrated that the yield of Kabir 07 rice variety can be 2019). Nitrogen is vital for producing essential
increased by applying 50 ml L-1 Crocober Plus Liquid components like chlorophyll, nucleic acids, and enzymes.
Organic Fertilizer (CP LOF) and liquid organic fertilizer As a result, overall plant growth, especially vegetative
every two weeks from seedling to grain filling. This development, depends heavily on nitrogen availability.
method resulted in a dry grain yield of 6.34 t ha -1, with a Conversely, nitrogen deficiency leads to pale yellow
harvest index of 0.53, despite CP LOF having only 0.03% leaves, stunted growth, and, in severe cases, wilting of
nitrogen (N). Similarly, (Jamilah et al., 2017) found that leaves from the bottom to the top of the plant (Balatif et
black rice yields improved when CP LOF was applied as a al., 2022). Liquid fertilizers can reduce the use of synthetic
fertilizers by up to 25% (Jamilah et al., 2015; Jamilah et
al., 2020). The application of CP LOF (Crocober Plus
https://aabinternational.com/ Advances in Agriculture and Biology (2024) 7(1): 1-7
Liquid Organic Fertilizer) has been tested under various The planting distance used was 75 × 30 cm, resulting in 32
conditions over the long term. This fertilizer is derived plants per plot.
from Chromolaena odorata, a wild-growing shrub that Corn seeds were planted in pairs, with two seeds sown
thrives in marginal lands. The plant is known to contain per hole at a depth of three centimeters, then covered with
relatively high levels of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) soil. The first fertilization was carried out at one week after
(Jamilah et al., 2016). planting (WAP) using 126 g/plot of NPK Phonska and 90
The successful application of CP LOF has been g/plot of urea, as per the recommended dosage. The CP
demonstrated in rice varieties such as Pandan Wangi and LOF treatments were applied by spraying onto the entire
Cisokan (Jamilah & Helmawati, 2015; Jamilah et al., 2015; plant using a hand sprayer, starting at two WAP and
Jamilah et al., 2017). Additionally, Munir (2016); Munir et continuing until the cob formation stage. The treatments
al. (2019) compared CP LOF with other commercial liquid were applied every two weeks in the morning, according to
fertilizers and found that rice and corn treated with CP the specified treatment levels.
LOF exhibited better growth and yield than those treated The evaluation criteria included the following
with other liquid fertilizers. The objective of this study was parameters: plant height, time to tassel and silk emergence,
to evaluate the effect of adding urea to CP LOF on total leaf area, cob weight with husk, cob weight without
enhancing the productivity of corn (Zea mays L.). The husk, cob diameter without husk, cob length without husk,
application of CP LOF to several crops has not yet been grain weight per plant, 100-grain weight, grain weight per
tested with the addition of urea, which could increase the plot, and yield per hectare. The data obtained from
nitrogen content of the fertilizer. Therefore, it is essential observations were analyzed using an F-test at significance
to investigate this to determine whether the combined levels of 5% and 1%. If the F-calculated value exceeded
application of urea and CP LOF can improve crop yields the F-table value, Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test
by providing a more balanced nutrient profile, ultimately (DNMRT) was applied to further analyze the results at
enhancing corn productivity. either the 5% or 1% level. The soil was analyzed prior to
the experiment by collecting 10 g samples from 20 random
Materials and Methods points at the experimental site. The soil pH was
determined using a pH electrode, with an average pH of
The study was conducted on dry land in Air Pacah, Koto 6.06. The dilution ratio used was 1: 2.5 (soil to distilled
Tangah District, Padang City, West Sumatra, at an altitude water).
of approximately 10 meters above sea level as alluvial
soils. It started in March and ended in July 2024. Alluvial Results and Discussion
soils in Koto Tangah are rich in weather-resistant minerals
such as feldspar, quartz, orthoclase, and sanidine, Plant height (cm)
contributing to their mineral diversity (Henly et al., 2022).
However, the nutrient content is often low due to the The analysis of variance for corn plant height with the
presence of acidic materials, necessitating the addition of addition of urea to CP LOF showed a highly significant
organic matter such as compost and manure to enhance soil interaction between the two factors. Both factors
fertility. Sediments derived from medium to basic individually also had a highly significant effect (Table 1).
volcanic materials are considered excellent nutrient Increasing the urea dose combined with multiple
sources, although acidity remains a limiting factor (Anda et applications of CP LOF significantly influenced the height
al., 2015). Spatial variability of soil characteristics is of corn plants. The tallest plants, reaching 198.33 cm, were
significantly influenced by parent material and topography. achieved with the application of 10 g urea/L CP LOF
Topography also affects particle size distribution, with fine combined with a concentration of 50 ml/L CP LOF. Corn
sand and silt + clay contents showing different spatial plants responded well to increased doses of urea and CP
patterns (Ito et al., 2022). The materials used included LOF, as the higher nitrogen content in CP LOF
Pioneer 27 corn seeds, urea fertilizer, NPK fertilizer, and significantly promoted plant growth rates. According to
Crocober Plus Liquid Organic Fertilizer (CP LOF). The (Jamilah et al., 2017), applying CP LOF at a concentration
tools used were hoes, knives, sprayers, pots, buckets, of 50 ml/L improved rice plant height. Although the
digital scales, measuring sticks, scissors, markers, adhesive comparison was made with dissimilar plants, the focus was
tape, rulers, writing tools, plastic cups, raffia strings, and a more on the effect of LOF on plant metabolism. This
camera. concentration is considered the optimal method for
The experiment was designed using a two-factor enhancing plant height. Increasing the concentration
completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor was beyond this level did not result in a significant difference
urea doses at three levels: 0 g/L CP LOF, 5 g/L CP LOF, in plant height. Similarly, Yusnaweti and Akbar (2018)
and 10 g/L CP LOF. The second factor was CP LOF highlighted that organic fertilizers, derived from fermented
concentrations at three levels: 0 ml/L water, 25 ml/L water, plant materials, release nutrients that are readily absorbed
and 50 ml/L water. To achieve a total of 27 experimental by plant tissues. The integration of urea into liquid
units, each treatment combination was repeated three fertilizers is crucial for improving nitrogen use efficiency
times. The total plot size was 3 × 2.4 meters, with a and minimizing nitrogen losses in agricultural practices.
spacing of 75 cm between plant rows. Planting was done Liquid urea fertilizers offer several advantages over
using the dibbling method at a depth of 3 cm. Each hole traditional granular forms such as improved distribution
was filled with 2 maize seeds and then covered with soil. and reduced volatilization. According to Motasim et al.
(2022), liquid urea can undergo hydrolysis before soil
2
https://aabinternational.com/ Advances in Agriculture and Biology (2024) 7(1): 1-7
application, making ammonium (NH4+) immediately liquid urea can lower soil NH4+ concentrations, reducing
available to plants, unlike granular urea, which requires ammonia volatilization and nitrate leaching losses
soil moisture for hydrolysis. Furthermore, the presence of (Motasim et al., 2022). Synergistic liquid fertilizer
multiple nitrogen forms, including nitrate, Ammonium, formulations improve nitrogen retention in the soil,
and amide, in liquid fertilizers enhances overall nitrogen thereby prolonging its availability to crops (Klimczyk et
availability (Milyutkin et al., 2021). Split applications of al., 2021).
Table 1 Corn plant height (cm) with the addition of urea to CP LOF at 8 week after planting (WAP)
PC LOF (ml/L)
Urea (g)
0 25 50
0 93.17 Aa 113.83 Aa 104.72 Ab
5 119.72 Ba 109.11 Ba 174.89 Aa
10 105.61 Ba 127.99 Ba 198.33 Aa
CV (%) 12.41
Numbers in the same row followed by the same capital letters and numbers in the same column followed by the same lowercase letters
are not significantly different according to the 5% DNMRT test
Age of male flower emergence (DAP) accelerating the emergence of male flowers. The flowering
period of corn is influenced by fertilization and nutrient
The analysis of variance for male flowering age in corn availability in the soil (Syamsuwirman et al., 2023). The
with the addition of urea to CP LOF showed a highly increased availability of nutrients due to the incorporation
significant interaction between the two factors. Each factor of urea into CP LOF promotes the emergence of corn
individually also had a highly significant effect (Table 2). flowers. The timing of male and female flower emergence
Increasing the urea dose combined with various is crucial for successful pollination in corn. This transition
concentrations of CP LOF significantly influenced the time marks the shift from the vegetative to the reproductive
of male flowering in corn. The earliest male flowering was stage, indicated by the appearance of male flowers. This
observed with the application of 5 g urea/L CP LOF at a process is not only affected by environmental factors but
concentration of 25 ml/L CP LOF. The addition of urea to also by the nutritional status of the plant (Agustina et al.,
CP LOF significantly enhanced the response of corn plants 2024).
Table 2 Age of male flower emergence in corn with the addition of urea to CP LOF (DAP)
PC LOF (ml/L)
Urea (g)
0 25 50
0 51.67 Aa 49.33 Ab 51.67 Ac
5 55.33 Bb 45.67 Aa 45.67 Aa
10 52.33 Ba 49.67 Ab 48.33 Ab
CV (%) 2.00
Numbers in the same row followed by the same capital letters and numbers in the same column followed by the same lowercase
letters are not significantly different according to the 5% DNMRT test
Total leaf area of corn (cm2) and weight of corn cob release nutrients in a more stable and readily available
with husk (g) form (Kresnatita et al., 2012). However, the total leaf area
in this study was still lower compared to the report by
The analysis of variance for total leaf area in corn with the Jamilah et al. (2009), which showed that corn treated with
addition of urea to CP LOF showed a highly significant 3 Mg/ha Guano as an organic fertilizer produced 4608 m²
interaction between the two factors and each factor of leaf area. Therefore, there is a tendency that increasing
individually had a highly significant effect (Table 3). the urea dose could further improve leaf area. A larger leaf
Increasing the urea dose combined with various area in corn has the potential to produce more
concentrations of CP LOF significantly influenced the total photosynthates, which will ultimately enhance the dry
leaf area of corn. The largest total leaf area was observed kernel yield.
with the application of 10 g urea/L CP LOF at a The analysis of variance for cob weight with husk in
concentration of 50 ml/L CP LOF. This response is likely corn, following the addition of urea to CP LOF, revealed
due to the addition of urea, which the corn plants no significant interaction. Additionally, the urea addition
responded to significantly, resulting in an increase in leaf alone did not have a significant effect. However, the
area and subsequently enhancing photosynthesis. application of CP LOF alone had a significant effect on the
Although organic fertilizers generally have low nutrient cob weight with husk (Table 4). The addition of urea did
content and limited nutrients, they still provide all the not significantly affect the cob weight with husk whereas
essential nutrients needed by plants (Abbas, 2022). The different concentrations of CP LOF did have a significant
addition of urea to CP LOF enhances the availability of effect. The average cob weight with husk for the urea
nitrogen for corn plants leading to an increase in the total treatments ranged from 152.31 g to 188.03 g. The highest
leaf area. The use of organic fertilizers improves the cob weight with husk was achieved with the application of
effectiveness and efficiency of fertilization because they 50 ml/L CP LOF which resulted in a weight of 237.83 g.
3
https://aabinternational.com/ Advances in Agriculture and Biology (2024) 7(1): 1-7
Chasanah et al. (2018) demonstrated that the concentration corn kernels significantly influences their weight
of liquid organic fertilizer significantly affects both the cob particularly the 100-kernel weight which varies based on
weight with husk and the cob weight without husk. The factors such as protein and starch contents. Research has
application of liquid organic fertilizer ensures the balance shown that the 100-kernel weight can range from 9.14 to
of both macro and micronutrients, optimizing the resulting 36.11 g with a notable negative correlation between
cob weight of corn. If your plants do not receive the proper protein content and kernel weight (Langyan et al., 2021).
nutrients you will not achieve optimal yields. Rantong Jamilah et al. (2009) demonstrated that the 100-grain
(2021) stated that when plants receive all the necessary weight of corn reached 34.2 g when 3 tons/ha of guano
nutrients, their metabolism produces proteins, enzymes, compost was applied which is still lower than the results of
hormones and carbohydrates, which accelerate growth this study. The application of 10 g urea/L CP LOF
elongation and cell division. significantly enhanced the protein content in corn, as
reported by Langyan et al. (2021). They found that higher
100-grain weight (g) protein content (from 8.83% to 15.54%) correlates with a
reduction in both kernel weight and starch content (from
The variance analysis of 100-grain weight in corn with the 75.31% to 67.43%), with increased starch content typically
addition of urea to CP LOF shows a very significant contributing to higher kernel weight. The application of 10
interaction and both individual factors of the treatments g urea/L CP LOF significantly increased the protein
have a very significant effect (Table 5). The addition of content in corn, as reported by Langyan et al. (2021). They
urea at different concentrations of CP LOF significantly found that protein content rose from 8.83% to 15.54%,
influenced the weight of 100 grains of corn. The addition which was accompanied by a decrease in kernel weight
of 10 g urea/L CP LOF with a concentration of 50 ml/L CP and starch content (from 75.31% to 67.43%). This inverse
LOF resulted in the highest 100-grain weight of 34.83 g. relationship suggests that higher starch content contributes
This is likely due to the corn plants' strong response to the to greater kernel weight, highlighting the complex trade-
addition of urea in CP LOF. The nutritional composition of offs between protein accumulation and other kernel traits.
Table 3 Total leaf area of corn with the addition of urea to CP LOF (cm²)
PC LOF (ml/L)
Urea (g)
0 25 50
0 2316.10 Aa 2226.58 Aa 2328.26 Ac
5 2270.20 Ba 3213.25 Aa 3887.98 Ab
10 2342.96 Ba 3181.94 Ba 5523.09 Aa
CV (%) 23.26
Numbers in the same row followed by the same capital letters and numbers in the same column followed by the same lowercase
letters are not significantly different according to the 5% DNMRT test
Table 4 Weight of corn cob with husk with the addition of urea to CP LOF (g)
PC LOF (ml/L)
Urea (g) Average
0 25 50
0 103.27 155.94 197.72 152.31a
5 132.99 139.89 254.05 175.64a
10 139.05 164.66 260.39 188.03a
Average 125.11 B 153.50 B 237.83 A
CV (%) 18.52
Numbers in the same row followed by the same capital letters and numbers in the same column followed by the same lowercase letters
are not significantly different according to the 5% DNMRT test
Table 5 Weight of 100 corn kernels with the addition of urea to CP LOF (g)
PC LOF (ml/L)
Urea (g)
0 25 50
0 20.27 Cb 26.99 Ba 29.99 Ab
5 26.33 Ba 28.66 Ba 32.55 Aa
10 25.39 Ca 28.00 Ba 34.83 Aa
CV (%) 5.16
Numbers in the same row followed by the same capital letters and numbers in the same column followed by the same lowercase letters
are not significantly different according to the 5% DNMRT test
Yield of corn (Mg/hectare) notable impact. However, the application of CP LOF alone
significantly affected the dry kernel weight (Table 6). The
The analysis of variance of dry kernel weight in corn with addition of urea did not significantly impact the production
the addition of urea to CP LOF showed no significant per hectare. The highest production reached 6.33 tons per
interaction nor did the addition of urea alone have a hectare when CP LOF was applied at a dose of 50 ml/L.
4
https://aabinternational.com/ Advances in Agriculture and Biology (2024) 7(1): 1-7
Further research is needed to increase the application dose production per hectare. Fertilization requires careful
of CP LOF in order to enhance corn yield. Based on the consideration to achieve optimal results including the type
data the optimal dose of CP LOF was not yet achieved in of fertilizer used, timing of application, concentration or
this experiment. Edy et al. (2023) demonstrated that the dose, application method and recommendations for its use.
use of liquid organic fertilizers can optimize corn plant The use of the appropriate concentration of CP LOF along
growth. Similarly, Su’ud and Lestari (2018) showed that with the right method, can reduce the use of synthetic
the application of liquid organic fertilizers significantly fertilizers by up to 25% while simultaneously improving
affects seed weight per plot, 100-seed weight and crop crop yields (Jamilah et al., 2023).
Table 6 Corn yield with the addition of urea to PC LOF (Mg/hectare)
PC LOF (ml/L)
Urea (g) Average
0 25 50
0 3.06 4.17 4.96 4.06a
5 4.22 3.75 7.08 5.02a
10 3.41 4.39 6.94 4.91a
Average 3.56 B 4.10 B 6.33 A
CV (%) 18.42
Numbers in the same row followed by the same capital letters and numbers in the same column followed by the same lowercase letters
are not significantly different according to the 5% DNMRT test
Conclusion district Malakand. Advances in Agriculture and
Biology, 1(1), 34-39.
The addition of 10 g urea/L CP LOF resulted in better Ahmad, S., & Aslam, M. (2018). A discussion on
growth and yield of corn compared to lower doses of urea. integrated effect of compost and urea fertilizer on
The application of 50 ml/L CP LOF increased the growth and yield of crops: An updated review.
production of dry corn kernels to 6.33 tons/ha. Further Advances in Agriculture and Biology, 1(1), 47-53.
research is needed to optimize the CP LOF dose to achieve Azam, M., Saeed, B., Khan, S., & Zafar, D. (2023).
optimal corn yields. Exploring the effect of nitrogen levels on yield and
yield attributes of diverse open-pollinated varieties
Acknowledgments: The authors would like to express their (OPVs) of maize (Zea mays). Advances in
gratitude to the Head of the Research and Community Service Agriculture and Biology, 6(1), 61-68.
Institution at Universitas Tamansiswa Padang for funding this Balatif, F., Yulianita, S., & Panjaitan, F. A. B. (2022).
research through the Unitas regular budget. Special thanks are Pengaruh penggunaan sarana produksi terhadap
also extended to the Dean and Head of the Faculty of Agriculture pendapatan usahatani jagung (Zea mays L.). Agriland
Laboratory for facilitating this project from preparation to
completion.
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 10(2), 155–170.
Central Statistics Agency. (2024, October 21). Luas panen
References dan produksi jagung di Indonesia 2023 (Angka
Sementara). Badan Pusat Statistik. Retrieved from
Abbas, Q., & Shafique, A. (2019). Integrated use of https://www.bps.go.id/id/pressrelease/2023/10/16/20
organic and inorganic fertilizers improves soil health, 49/luas-panen-dan-produksi-jagung-di-indonesia-
growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). 2023--angka-sementara-.html
Advances in Agriculture and Biology, 2(1), 48-54. Chasanah, N., Purnamasari, R. T., & Arifin, A. Z. (2018).
Abbas, Q. (2022). Current status, challenges and Pengaruh konsentrasi pupuk cair terhadap
technological breakthrough of organic agriculture pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis (Zea
with a focus on Pakistan. Advances in Agriculture mays saccharata Sturt). Jurnal Agroteknologi
and Biology, 5(1), 1-7. Merdeka Pasuruan, 2(2), 1–7.
Akram, Z., & Iqbal, M. T. (2019). Assessment of nitrate Edy, Rabiaty, T., & Aminah. (2023). Pengaruh konsentrasi
levels in soil and water quality for sustainable dan frekuanse pemberian pupuk organik cair terhadap
agriculture in district Muzaffargarh, Pakistan. pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung (Zea
Advances in Agriculture and Biology, 2(1), 25-33. mays L.). Jurnal Agrotekmas, 4(2), 50-62.
Anda. Markus, E., Suryani., Husnain., Subardja. D. Henly, Y., Yulina, A., & Ambarsari, W. (2022). Respon
(2015). Strategy to reduce fertilizer application in beberapa sifat fisika tanah aluvial pada kombinasi
volcanic paddy soils: Nutrient reserves approach kompos sampah kota dan pupuk kandang sapi setelah
from parent materials. Soil & Tillage Research, ditanami pakcoy. Agro Tatanen Jurnal Ilmiah
150(2), 10-20. Pertanian, 4(2), 65-80.
Agustina, D. W., Rahman, S., Supriyadi, & Wanosowati, Irsyad, Y. M. M., & Kastono, D. (2019). Pengaruh macam
C. (2024). Evaluasi pupuk nitrogen lepas lambat pada pupuk organik cair dan dosis pupuk anorganik
tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.). Jurnal Tanah dan terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung (Zea mays
Sumber Daya Lahan, 11(1), 95–102. L.). Vegetalika, 8(4), 263-278.
Ahmad, M., & Ahmad, S. (2018). Evaluation of insect pest Iqbal, J., Sarwar, G., Shah, S. H., Sabah, N. U., Tahir, M.
infestation and yield losses in maize crop in Maina, A., Muhammad, S., Manzoor, M. Z., Zafar, A., &
Shehzad, I. (2022). Evaluating the combined effect of
5
https://aabinternational.com/ Advances in Agriculture and Biology (2024) 7(1): 1-7
compost and mineral fertilizers on soil health, and dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis. The
growth and mineral acquisition in maize (Zea mays Indonesian Green Technology Journal, 1(3), 8-
L.). Pakistan Journal of Botany, 54(5), 1793-1801. 17.
Ito, R., Junta, Y., & N, A. (2022). Interactive effect of Langyan, S., Zahoor, A., Dar, D. P., Chaudhary, J. C.,
parent material and topography on spatial variability Shekhar, S., Herlambang, H. E., Enshasy, R. Z.,
of paddy soil material characteristics in the alluvial Sayyed, S., & Rakshit, S. (2021). Analysis of
plain. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 69(2), 99- nutritional quality attributes and their inter-
108. relationship in maize inbred lines for sustainable
Jamilah, & Helmawati. (2015. Agustus). Kajian analisis livelihood. Sustainability, 13(11), 6137.
usaha tani integrasi padi sawah dan pakan ternak Mehmood, K., Nasreen, S., Latif, A., & Shah, A. N.
ruminansia menunjang kedaulatan pangan dan daging (2022). Growth of maize is improved by the
dalam menghadapi Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean 2015. combined use of natural and synthetic nutritional
Paper dipresentasikan dalam seminar Nasional sources of potassium: A review. Advances in
Kesiapan Indonesia Dalam Menghadapi Pasar Bebas Agriculture and Biology, 5(1), 8-15.
Asean Melalui Penguatan Implementasi Corporate Milyutkin, V., Sysoev, O., Blinova, A., Makushin, A., &
Governance Yang Sehat.di Universitas Bung Hatta. Prazdnichkova, N. (2021). Improvements in corn
Padang. Indonesia. production technology using liquid nitrogen
Jamilah, Ediwirman, & Ernita, M. (2015). The effect of fertilizers. BIO Web of Conferences, 37, 00122.
fermented liquid organic fertilizer and potassium for Motasim, A. M., Wahid-Samsuri, Abd., Abdul-Sukor, A.
nutrient uptake and yield of rice at tropical upland. S., & Amin, A. Mohd. (2022). Split application of
Journal of Environmental Research and liquid urea as a tool to nitrogen loss minimization
Development, 9(4), 1–6. and NUE improvement of corn - A review. Chilean
Jamilah, Ernita, M., & Rahmawati, Y. (2023). Produksi Journal of Agricultural Research, 82(4), 645–657.
pupuk organik cair Crocober Plus kegiatan MBKM https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-58392022000400645
bagi mahasiswa magang. Jurnal Abdi Insani, 9(1), Munir, J. (2016). Effect of concentration and frequency of
247–255. Crocober Plus as organic liquid fertilizer on the onion
Jamilah, J., Irawan, N., Thesiwati, A. S., & Ernita, M. crops (Allium ascalonicum L.). Jurnal Ipteks
(2020). Soybean seed (Glycine max L.) coated by Terapan, 8(2), 28-32.
fertile soil-applied sodium bicarbonate at alluvial soil. Munir, J., Mulyani, S., & Yusnaweti, Y. (2019). Peranan
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental pupuk organik cair terhadap kualitas hijauan pakan
Science, e497(1), 012039. doi:10.1088/1755- ternak asal tanaman padi ratoon. Jurnal Agronida,
1315/497/1/012039 5(2), 23-31.
Jamilah, J., Winengsih, F., & Ernita, M. (2023). Putra, I. A., & Hanum, H. (2018). Kajian antagonisme hara
Pemotongan pada fase vegetatif dalam budidaya padi K, Ca, dan Mg pada tanah Inceptisol yang diaplikasi
menunjang ketahanan pangan. Jurnal Agroteknologi, pupuk kandang, dolomit, dan pupuk KCl terhadap
13(2), 85–90. pertumbuhan jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata L.).
Jamilah, Soleh, R., & Herman, W. (2017). Respon Elkawnie, 4(1), 23–44.
Tanaman Padi ( Oryza sativa L .) Kabir 07 Ter hadap Rantong, R., Muzar, M., & Suhirman, S. (2021). Pengaruh
Pupuk Organik Cair Crocober Plus Khusus Kota dosis pupuk SP-36 terhadap pertumbuhan dan
Padang dengan Iklim Af. Jurnal Solum, 07(1), 18– produksi berbagai varietas tanaman kacang tanah
27. (Arachis hypogaea L.). Agronitas, 3(2), 127-138.
Jamilah, Mulyani, S., & Juniarti. (2017). The application of Rubab, S., Fayyaz, S., & Asmatullah. (2020). Plant
organic liquid fertilizer of Chromolaena odorata on parasitic nematodes associated with wheat and maize.
ratooned rice plants cultivation. Asian Journal of Advances in Agriculture and Biology, 3(1), 8-17.
Applied Research for Community Development and Shehzad, R. A., Sarwar, G., Shah, S. H., Tahir, M. A.,
Empowerment, 1(1), 9–15. Sabah, N.-u.-S., Muhammad, S., Aftab, M., Manzoor,
Jamilah, Usman, M., & Haryoko, W. (2009). Pengaruh M. Z., Shehzad, I., & Saleem, U. (2023). Growth and
takaran pupuk guano terhadap pertumbuhan dan yield response of wheat to organic manures (farm
produksi jagung (Zea mays L.). Jurnal Ipteks yard manure, phospho-compost (PROM), and press
Terapan, 3(1), 73–81. mud) alone and in combination with mineral
Jamilah, W., Haryoko, S., & Soleh, R. (2017). Respon fertilizer. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research,
tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) Kabir 07 terhadap 36(1), 1-8.
pupuk organik cair Crocober Plus khusus Kota Su’ud, M., & Lestari, D. A. (2018). Respon pertumbuhan
Padang dengan Iklim Af. Jurnal Solum, 14(1), 18–26. dan hasil tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) terhadap
Klimczyk, M. A., Siczek, A., & Schimmelpfennig, L. konsentrasi dan interval waktu pemberian pupuk
(2021). Improving the efficiency of urea-based organik cair bonggol pisang. Jurnal Ilmiah
fertilization leading to reduction in ammonia Pertanian, 5(2), 37–52.
emission. Science of the Total Environment, 771, Supandji, S., & Saptorini, S. (2019). Perlakuan dosis
145483. pupuk urea dan SP-36 terhadap pertumbuhan dan
Kresnatita, S., Koesroharti, K., & dan Santoso, M. (2012). produksi tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) varietas
Pengaruh Rabuk Organik terhadap Pertumbuhan Arjuna. Jurnal Agrinika: Jurnal Agroteknologi dan
Agribisnis, 3(1), 69-82.
6
https://aabinternational.com/ Advances in Agriculture and Biology (2024) 7(1): 1-7
Syamsuwirman, Taher, Y. A., & Duha. (2023). Pengaruh Yusnaweti, & Akbar, Y. (2018). Pengaruh pemberian
pemberian POC limbah cair tahu terhadap beberapa dosis pupuk organik cair crocober plus
pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung (Zea mays terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kayu manis. Jurnal
L.). Jurnal Research Ilmu Pertanian, 3(2), 115-123. Pertanian UMSB, 3(1), 60-66.
Yousaf, M. M., Zeshan, M., Hussain, M., Raza, M. M., Zia, M. A., Shoukat, S., Arif, M., Ahmad, B., Nawaz, A.
Shah, M. J., Ahmed, B., & Shah, S. H. (2018). Effect F., Bahadur, A., Zakria, M., Khan, H. S., Khan, S.,
of source and placement timings of nitrogen Suleman, M., & Ali, S. (2023). A discussion on
fertilizers on growth and yield of raya (Brassica maize transformation during the last two decades
juncea L.). Pakistan Journal of Agricultural (2002–2022): An update on present trends and future
Research, 31(3), 285-290. prospects. Advances in Agriculture and Biology, 6(1),
1-10.
Copyright: © 2024 by the author(s). This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons
Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), https://creative- commons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
