AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

CHAPTER 29 HYDRAULICS

This document is the property of AAC ; no part of it shall be reproduced or transmitted without the express prior written authorisation of AAC and its contents shall
not be disclosed. © AAC 2016

NOTICE; This Training Manual is to be used for training purposes only and your copy will not be updated.
It is not to be used as, nor considered a substitute for the manufacturer`s Maintenance-/aircraft manuals.

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CHAPTER 29 - HYDRAULICS 3
AIRFRAME INTERFACE 10
OPERATION 11
CONTROL AND INDICATIONS 12
POWER CONTROL MODULE (PCM) 15
RESERVOIR 19
OPERATION 27
PCM2 - 50% RESERVOIR LEVEL OPERATION MODE (UTILITIES SHUT-OFF) 29
PCM2 - 28% RESERVOIR LEVEL OPERATION MODE (TRSOV CLOSED) 31
PCM 2 - 22% RESERVOIR LEVEL OPERATION MODE (UTILITIES AND TRSOV CLOSED) 33
PCM1 - 22% LEVEL OPERATION MODE (UTILITIES VALVE CLOSED) 35
PILOT INITIATED FLIGHT CONTROL CIRCUIT SHUTOFF OPERATION 37
DURING GROUND EQUIPMENT OPERATION (MAINTENANCE) 39
AFTER GROUND EQUIPMENT REMOVAL OPERATION (MAINTENANCE) 40
HYDRAULIC POWER SUPPLY (HPS) 44
TAIL ROTOR SHUT-OFF VALVE 50
AUXILIARY 52
INDICATION 55
CONTROLS AND INDICATORS 56
NOTES: 68

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CHAPTER 29 - HYDRAULICS

The AW139 Main Hydraulic Power System consists of two hydraulically independent - electrically connected circuits, No. 1 and No. 2
circuit. Each circuit is powered by two self regulating hydraulic pumps.

Each pump provides pressure to the respective Power Control Module (PCM) as follows:
• Circuit 1 by a MGB driven hydraulic pump, HPS1 (Hydraulic Power Supply) and an electrical pump (Ground checks only).
• Circuit 2 by two MGB driven hydraulic pumps, HPS2 and HPS4.

NOTE: The electrical pump is only capable of providing the flow requirements for pre-flight flight control checks.

The circuit 1 hydraulic pumps are located as follows:

• HPS1 - on top of the MGB left engine input stage
• Electric pump - on the left hand side upper deck in front of the MGB

The circuit 2 mechanical hydraulic pumps are located as follows:

• HPS2 - on top of the MGB right engine input stage
• HPS4 - on the MGB left front side

The hydraulic pumps each supply pressure to their respective Power Control Module, PCM1 and PCM2, for distribution and control of
each hydraulic circuit.

PCM1 is located on the left hand side upper deck in front of the MGB, whilst PCM2 is located on the right hand side upper deck in front of
the MGB.

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BASIC HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS SCHEMATIC

PUMP 2
-HPS2
TRSOV
PCM 2

PUMP 4
-HPS4
MRA 2 (RH)
LANDING GEAR NORMAL
CONTROL MRA 1(FWD)
VALVE
EMERGENCY
DOWN ELEC MRA 3 (LH)
PUMP
PCM 1 TRA
PUMP 1
-HPS1

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HPS2 HPS1

TRSOV

PCM2
PCM1

HPS4
HPS2

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ECS INSTALLED

HPS 2
HPS1 SUCTION LINE HPS1 PRESSURE LINE

HPS2 SUCTION LINE

MRA PRESS AND

RETURN LINES
PCM 2

HPS 4 MRA PRESS AND

RETURN LINES

ELECTRIC
PUMP PCM 1

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HPS2 SUCTION LINE

HPS2 PRESSURE LINE

HPS 2 CASE
DRAIN

PCM 2

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ELECTRIC PUMP

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Each PCM houses all of the necessary components for hydraulic operation such as:
• Pressurised reservoir
• pressure and return filters
• check valves
• ground equipment operation quick disconnects
• flight controls and utilities circuit solenoid shut-off valves
• bleed/drain valve
• inlet and outlet pressure switches
• circuit pressure sensor
• fluid temperature sensor and switch
• fluid level microswitches

Each HPS is connected to the respective PCM with three flexible hoses; pressure, suction and a case drain for pump lubrication and
cooling. From each PCM flexible pressure and return lines are routed to the main rotor servo actuators. Two rigid pipelines are routed
from each PCM to the tail servo actuators. Two rigid pipelines are routed to the utilities system. Also fitted to each PCM are; a reservoir
drain line and a reservoir leak drain line.

Unique to circuit 2 is a Tail Rotor Shut-off Valve (TRSOV), installed between the PCM2 and the tail rotor servo actuator (TRA). The
TRSOV is located on the right hand side of the upper deck in front of the MGB.

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AIRFRAME INTERFACE

The Main Hydraulic Power System is interfaced with the following:

• Auxiliary Hydraulic Power System (Electric pump)
• central fuselage
• tail unit
• flight control system
• utilities system
• electrical system
• Main Gearbox
• Modular Avionics Unit

The Main Hydraulic Power System is designed to meet required safety conditions by incorporating:
• Tail Rotor Shut Off Valve (TRSOV) - Installed to protect circuit 2 from a hydraulic leak downstream of the TRSOV. When the
circuit 2 hydraulic fluid drops to a predetermined level, a set of micro switches in the PCM will cause the TRSOV to close,
isolating the tail servo actuator from the rest of the system.
• A set of micro-switches in the Power Control Module used to isolate the tail rotor servoactuator and/or the landing gear hydraulic
system as a function of the fluid level in the Power Control Module reservoir.
• Electrical interconnection between circuit 1 and 2 - interlocks in the Hydraulic Control Panel prevent both systems
depressurising in the event of a system failure.
• Equipment and installations positioned on the upper deck will not be adversely affected by fire and will provide their required
functions without failures, external leakages or system blockage for duration of at least 15 minutes to allow a safe landing of the
helicopter following the start of a fire or main transmission over-heat condition.
• Improved fire resistance due to the use of more fire resistant hydraulic fluid
• Titanium skins to cover the Power Control Module reservoir
• Fire resistant silicon sleeves fitted on connection hoses
• In the MGB area all rigid tubes are made of titanium, outside of the MGB rigid pressure lines are made from titanium and return
lines from aluminium alloy
• Leakage of seals captured and drained overboard
• Hydraulic equipment insulated to ensure that hydraulic fluid leaks or sprays will not impinge on high temperature surfaces
• Positioning in design of hydraulic circuits and components to minimise the occurrence of both systems or components being
damaged from a single destructive incident

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OPERATION

The HPS will draw fluid from the PCM via a dedicated suction line. When a system demand is sensed by a drop in pressure, the pump
will adjust its output to restore the pressure to its nominal value. Fluid is returned to the PCM through a pressure line where it is then
filtered. From the PCM, fluid is directed to the main and tail servo actuators and/or the utilities. For the circuit 2 only, pressurised fluid is
routed through the TRSOV before reaching the tail rotor servo.

After passing through the flight control servo actuators, fluid is returned to the PCM where it is filtered once again. In the case of zero
system demand, i.e. flight controls and utilities are stationary, the HPS returns fluid to the PCM via the case drain line to the return line.
In the event of a rapid fluid leak in circuit 2, fluid level micro switches located in the PCM will cause the TRSOV to close, hence isolating
the fluid delivery to the tail servo actuator, giving priority to the main servo actuators.

Also a shut-off valve in the PCM will automatically close in the event of an excessive leak, isolating the utilities giving priority to the main
servo actuators.

HYDRAULIC MODULAR DISPLAY

CONTROL PANEL AVIONIC UNITS SYSTEM

MAIN ROTOR
HPS2 SERVOS

POWER CONTROL MODULE 2

(PCM 2)
TAIL ROTOR
SERVO SHUTOFF TAIL ROTOR
HPS4 VALVE SERVO

PRESSURE

SUCTION

RETURN
GROUND
LANDING GEAR CASE DRAIN
HYDRAULIC
CONTROL VALVE
POWER SUPPLY

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CONTROL AND INDICATIONS

The main hydraulic power system controls and indicators are housed on the HYDRAULIC SYSTEM CONTROL PANEL which is located
on the interseat console. The LAMP pushbutton for the lamp test is housed on the TEST CONTROL PANEL and is installed on the
interseat console. The system malfunctions are displayed in the CAS message windows of the MFD.

The Hydraulic System Control Panel provides the following functions and indications:
SOV 1 (guarded switch):
• CLOSE: closes the PCM1 flight control servo actuators shut-off valve (solenoid energised)
• The SOV 1 indicator on the MFD synoptic page moves from vertical to horizontal and two cautions are displayed in the CAS
message window. The amber legend PRESS on the control panel is also illuminated
This SOV 1 CLOSE selection is inhibited if the tail rotor shut-off valve is closed or the flight control actuators low pressure exists in the
hydraulic system 2.

SOV 2 (guarded switch):

• CLOSE: closes the PCM2 flight control servo actuators shut-off valve (solenoid energised)
• The SOV 2 indicator on the MFD synoptic page moves from vertical to horizontal and two cautions are displayed in the CAS
message window. The amber legend PRESS on the control panel is also illuminated.
• This SOV 2 CLOSE selection is inhibited if the flight control actuators low pressure exists in the hydraulic system 1.

HYD 1 (2) INDICATOR:

• PRESS: the amber legend illuminates when the previous condition is satisfied or when the hydraulic pressure drops below 162
bar; it extinguishes when above 190 bar in that system. The cautions 1 (2) HYD OIL PRESS and 1 (2) SERVO are also
illuminated on the MFD.
• TEMP: the amber legend illuminates when the hydraulic fluid temperature of that system is above 135° C; it extinguishes when
below 127° C. The cautions
• 1 (2) HYD OIL TEMP are also illuminated on the MFD.
1 SOV 2
ELECT PUMP HYD 1 HYD 2
C C
L L
PRESS O O PRESS
ON S S
TEMP TEMP
E E

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HYDRAULIC SYNOPTIC PAGE ON MFD

1 BAR 2
55 ºC 205 209 69 ºC

100% 100%
PUMP 4
ELEC PUMP

UTIL UTIL
SOV 1 LDG GEAR SOV 2

EMERG NORM
PUMP 1 PUMP 2

SOV 1 MAIN SERVO SOV 2

FWD

LEFT

RIGHT
TRSOV
TAIL SERVO
TAIL

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SYNOPTIC PAGE KEY

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POWER CONTROL MODULE (PCM)

There are two Power Control Modules, PCM1 located on the left side of the upper deck in front of the MGB and PCM2 located on the
right side of the upper deck in front of the MGB and each consist of the following items:

• Reservoir
• Visual fluid level indicator
• Fluid level sensor
• Temperature fluid sensor and switch
• Pressure and return filter assembly
• Filter clogged indicators
• Flight controls circuit shut-off valve
• Utility circuit shut-off valve
• Pressure sensor
• Pressure switches
• Pressure switches outlet
• Utilities pressure switch
• Pressure system relief valve
• Return shuttle valve
• Return by-pass valve
• Flow restrictor
• Case drain differential pressure indicators

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OVERPRESSURE RELIEF VALVE

SYSTEM PRESSURE AND DRAIN VALVE
SWITCH
UTILITIES PRESSURE
SWITCH
HPS4 PRESSURE
RESERVOIR SWITCH (PCM 2 ONLY)

HPS1 OR 2 PRESSURE
SWITCH

RETURN FILTER
VISUAL POPOUT
INDICATOR

PRESSURE FILTER
VISUAL POPOUT
INDICATOR
GPU PRESSURE
RETURN FILTER CONNECTOR
PRESSURE FILTER SERVICING POINT

GPU RETURN
CONNECTOR

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PCM1

RETURN FILTER
COCKPIT INDICATION
SWITCH

PRESSURE FILTER
COCKPIT INDICATION
SWITCH

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0. UTILITY SHUTOFF VALVE

0
1. UTILITY PRESS SWITCH
2. PRESSURE SWITCH
1 3. PUMP DIFFERENTIAL PRESS INDICATOR
2 4. TEMPERATURE SWITCH
5. TEMPERATURE SENSOR
3 5 6 6. PUMP DIFFERENTIAL PRESS INDICATOR
4 7. F/C PRESSURE SWITCH
10
8. PRESSURE SENSOR
7
9. HPS1 OR HPS2 PRESSURE SWITCH
10. RESERVOIR LEVEL SIGHT GLASS
9
8

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RESERVOIR

The reservoir is of the diaphragm type. Two of the four mounting points of the PCM are on the bottom of the reservoir, with the other two
being on the manifold section. The flexible reinforced rubber diaphragm provides the separation between the air and the fluid. The
rubber diaphragm is supported by a piston through which a driving force is applied by a spring. This spring force supplies the inlet
pressure to the pump (HPS). The spring force also maintains the diaphragm in the correct position during normal operation.

A vent port on the air side of the membrane is

incorporated into the casing to prevent vacuuming.
The vent also serves as a drain for any trapped water
or hydraulic fluid in the event of a membrane failure.
Incorporated into the fluid side of the membrane is a
pressure relief/bleeding valve located on top of the
reservoir. This valve ensures that the reservoir
pressure does not surpass a safe limit and will
automatically bleed off. Additionally the valve is used
as a manual bleed valve by rotating the lever
position.

VISUAL FLUID LEVEL INDICATOR PCM DRAIN VALVE

The visual fluid level indicator is situated on the end PCM SERVICING POINT
of the reservoir. For maintenance purposes the FULL
and ADD levels can be seen through a sight glass.

PCM SIGHT GLASS

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RESERVOIR INTERNAL COMPONENTS

INNER CASING

OUTER FIRE
PROTECTIVE
CASING

LEVEL MICRO
SWITCHES

ROLLING
DIAPHRAGM

PISTON

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RESERVOIR INTERNAL SPRING (ACTING ON PISTON) AND CASING

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FLUID LEVEL SENSOR

An fluid level sensor is utilised to provide automatic remote indication in the event of an excessive system fluid leak. Three fluid level
microswitches are incorporated and perform the following functions:

50% level microswitch

• Used in PCM2 as a safety threshold which automatically closes the utility shut-off valve, isolating the utility circuit
• The caution HYD UTIL PRESS and the hydraulic synoptic will display this condition on the MFD, being valve closed and
reservoir fluid level at 50%

28% level microswitch

• Used in PCM2 as a safety threshold, this automatically closes the TRSOV and re-opens the utility shut-off valve
• The caution 2 SERVO is provided while the caution HYD UTIL PRESS clears. The hydraulic synoptic page will also display this
condition, being valve closed and reservoir fluid quantity 28%
• The microswitch also prevents the system 1 from being turned off

22% level microswitch

• Used in PCM 2, again closes the utility shut-off valve. However, in
the PCM 1 it initially closes the utility shut off valve
• At this level there is sufficient fluid in the system to meet the main
flight controls volumetric requirements
• The following cautions are displayed on the CAS:
• 1 (2) HYD MIN
• EMER LDG PRESS
• HYD UTIL PRESS SIGHT
• 2 SERVO (ONLY CIRCUIT 2 WHEN TRSOV IS CLOSED) GLASS

The hydraulic synoptic page will also display the valve closed and the fluid
level. The microswitches can also be manually operated by means of a
test lever on back side of the visual fluid level indicator when conducting
electrical continuity tests.
LEVEL TEST
SWITCHES LEVER

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TEST LEVER - ROTATE ANTICLOCKWISE

FOR TEST POSITION

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FLUID TEMPERATURE SENSOR AND SWITCH

The temperature fluid sensor and switch are situated on the reservoir suction line. The temperature sensor delivers a continuous signal
via the MAU to the MFD.

The high temperature switch illuminates the caution 1 (2) HYD TEMP on the MFD as well as the amber legend TEMP on the HYD 1 (2)
indicator on the Hydraulic System Control Panel.

PRESSURE AND RETURN FILTER ASSEMBLY

There is one pressure and one return filter. A by-pass valve is only present on the return filter in the event that the filter becomes
completely blocked. A filter clogged condition is displayed on the hydraulic synoptic page by an amber cross through the filter symbol.

FILTER CLOGGED INDICATORS

There are two filter blocked indicators for each filter, one mechanical and one electrical. Once the mechanical red pop-out indicator has
extended, it must be manually reset. The electrical indicator sends the maintenance messages 1 (2) HYD FILTER to the CMC via the
MAU.

FLIGHT CONTROLS CIRCUIT SHUT-OFF VALVE

The solenoid operated shut-off valve is used to isolate the flight controls actuators from the PCM. The shut-off valve is solenoid operated
and is de-energised OPEN.

The shut-off valve is manually energised closed with the SOV 1 (2) CLOSE switch on the Hydraulic System Control Panel.
When the shut-off valve is set closed, the cautions 1 (2) HYD PRESS, 1 (2) SERVO are displayed in the CAS and the SOV 1 (SOV 2)
indicator condition are provided to the MFD; the amber legend PRESS on the HYD 1 (2) indicator is also illuminated on the Hydraulic
System Control Panel.

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UTILITY CIRCUIT SHUT-OFF VALVE

The solenoid operated utility circuit shut-off valve isolates the utility circuit from the PCM. The utility shut-off valve is de-energised OPEN.
The utility shut-off valve is automatically energised closed by the fluid level microswitches in the reservoir. There is no manual control of
this valve.
When the utility shut-off valve is closed, the cautions HYD UTIL PRESS and /or (EMER LDG PRESS) and the synoptic page indications
LDG GEAR NORM and/or LDG GEAR EMER are provided to the MFD via the MAU.

PRESSURE SENSOR
The pressure sensor is located upstream of the shut-off valves and provides a continuous pressure signal to the MFD via the MAU.

HPS LOW PRESSURE SWITCHES

There are two pressure switches installed on PCM 1 and PCM 2 for each HPS inlet pressure. On PCM 1 the pressure switch for the
electric pump is installed, however, not connected. The inlet pressure switches in PCM 2 provide the caution 2 (4) HYD PUMP to the
CAS. When the 2-4 HYD PUMP caution is illuminated, the cautions 2 HYD OIL PRESS, HYD UTIL PRESS and 2 SERVO are also
illuminated on the MFD together with the amber legend PRESS on the HYD 2 indicator, located on the Hydraulic System Control Panel.
The inlet pressure switch in PCM 1 provides the caution 1 HYD PUMP together with the cautions 1 HYD OIL PRESS, EMERG LDG
PRESS, 1 SERVO to the MFD and illuminates the amber legend PRESS on the HYD 1 indicator on the Hydraulic System Control Panel.

SYSTEM PRESSURE SWITCHES

PCM 1 and PCM 2 each incorporate two pressure switches, one on each flight control pressure circuit outlet. The flight control outlet
pressure switch provides the caution 1 (2) HYD PRESS to the MFD, and also illuminates the amber legend PRESS on the HYD 1 (2)
indicator on the Hydraulic System Control Panel. The flight control outlet pressure switch is also the interlock for preventing shutting off
the opposite hydraulic circuit.

UTILITIES PRESSURE SWITCH

The utilities pressure switch provides the caution HYD UTIL PRESS or the EMER LDG PRESS to the CAS.

PRESSURE SYSTEM RELIEF VALVE

A pressure system relief valve is used to protect the circuit by limiting the pressure in the event the pump pressure compensator fails.

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RETURN SHUTTLE-VALVE
The return shuttle valve is used when connecting external ground power to the helicopter. The valve is hydraulically operated by the
ground equipment pressure.
In normal helicopter operations, NORMAL position, the valve will port system return pressure through the return filter to the PCM
reservoir. When external ground hydraulic pressure is applied, MAINTENANCE position, the shuttle valve will port hydraulic return
pressure directly to the ground equipment reservoir.

RETURN BY-PASS VALVE

A return by-pass valve is incorporated in the event that a return shuttle valve fails and jams in the MAINTENANCE position. Hence, a
return overpressure occurs. This relief valve allows return hydraulic pressure to by-pass and return to the PCM reservoir.

FLOW RESTRICTOR
A flow restrictor on the return line is used to discharge the pressure trapped in the ground equipment pressure lines after maintenance.

CASE DRAIN DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE INDICATORS

Two case drain differential pressure indicators are used to monitor the pressure difference between the pump outlet pressure and the
case drain pressure. When the pressure in the pump case drain increases over a predetermined limit, it will indicate an impending pump
internal leakage exceedance. In this case a red mechanical indicator is actuated by the overpressure and remains extended until reset
manually.

GENERAL SYSTEM OVERVIEW

• Nine check valves used to control hydraulic flow
• Pressure and return ground equipment connection ports are located on the outboard side of the PCM
• Two piston-type variable flow-constant pressure pumps, pressure and drain ports
• Two flight control pressure and return circuit connection ports
• A utility pressure and return circuit lines connection ports
• A PCM filling connection port
• A overboard drain connection port

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OPERATION

Pre-flight check operation mode:

• Only PCM 1 is supplied hydraulic pressure from the Electrical Pump (after switch selection). Operation of the electric pump is
only possible on ground.
• Flight Controls circuit and utilities shut-off valves are open and pressure is provided to the systems. This allows the pilot to
carryout flight control movement checks and maintenance personnel to carryout inspections and test etc. The maximum
operation is limited automatically to 2 minutes, but can be manually switched off at any time by pressing the Electrical pump
push button.
• The Flight Controls circuit and utilities return to the PCM reservoir via the return filter.
• Pressure is approximately 90-105 bar

1 BAR 2
55 ºC 106 0 69 ºC

100% 100%
PUMP 4
ELEC PUMP

UTIL UTIL
SOV 1 LDG GEAR SOV 2

EMERG NORM
PUMP 1 PUMP 2

MAIN SERVO SOV 2

SOV 1
FWD

LEFT

RIGHT
TRSOV
TAIL SERVO
TAIL

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NORMAL OPERATION MODE

• PCM 1 is hydraulically supplied from HPS1
• PCM 2 is hydraulically supplied from HPS2 and HPS4
• Flight controls circuit and utilities shut-off valves are open and pressure is provided to all flight control servo actuators
• The Flight Controls circuit and utilities return fluid to the PCM reservoir via the return filter
• Pressure is 207 bar

1 BAR 2
55 ºC 205 209 69 ºC

100% 100%
PUMP 4
ELEC PUMP

UTIL UTIL
SOV 1 LDG GEAR SOV 2

EMERG NORM
PUMP 1 PUMP 2

SOV 1 MAIN SERVO SOV 2

FWD

LEFT

RIGHT
TRSOV
TAIL SERVO
TAIL

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PCM2 - 50% RESERVOIR LEVEL OPERATION MODE (UTILITIES SHUT-OFF)

• PCM 1 is supplied with hydraulic pressure from HPS1
• PCM 2 is supplied with hydraulic pressure from HPS2 and HPS4
• Flight Controls circuit shut-off valve is open and pressure is provided to all flight control servo actuators
• PCM 2 utility shut-off valve is automatically closed by the reservoir 50% level microswitch following a system leakage. The
caution HYD UTIL PRESS, the LDG GEAR NORM indicator condition and the reservoir fluid quantity (50%) are shown on the
MFD hydraulics synoptic page
• Utility pressure circuit is depressurised to the return
• The Flight Controls circuit returns fluid to the PCM reservoir via the return filter
• The landing gears extend by gravity, causing the landing gear transient amber indicators to come on
• Pressure is 207 bar.

1 BAR 2
205 209 87 ºC

 
50%
PUMP 4

UTIL UTIL
SOV 1 LDG GEAR SOV 2

EMERG NORM
PUMP 2
HYD UTIL PRESS
50% RESERVOIR LEVEL
MAIN SERVO SOV 2 END MICROSWITCH

FWD

LEFT 28% RESERVOIR LEVEL

MICROSWITCH
RIGHT
TRSOV
TAIL SERVO 22% RESERVOIR LEVEL
MICROSWITCH
TAIL

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CIRCUIT 2 AT 50% RESERVOIR LEVEL

FILTER HP CASE DRAIN

RETURN FILTER
BYPASS DIFFERENTIAL IND
50% SWITCH

FILTER BYPASS
RESERVOIR VALVE
28%
TO HPS 2
HP CASE DRAIN
DIFFERENTIAL IND

22%
TEMPERATURE
SENSOR

TEMPERATURE
SWITCH
TO HPS 4
TO MAIN
ROTOR ACT

SYSTEM PRESS TO TAIL

HPS FAIL FILTER SWITCH
SWITCH BLOCK PRESSURE FLIGHT CONTROL ROTOR ACT
SWITCH TRANSDUCER SERVO SHUTOFF
VALVE MAIN ROTOR
ACT RETURN
HPS 2
PRESS IN
TAIL ROTOR
ACT RETURN
PRESSURE FILTER
PRESS RELIEF
VALVE
UTILITY
HPS 4
RETURN
PRESS IN
FLOW RESTRICTOR
HPS FAIL UTILITY SHUTOFF
SWITCH VALVE
RETURN
SHUTTLE
VALVE

UTILITY PRESS OUT

EXT HYD POWER EXT HYD POWER FILLING
PRESS PORT RETURN PORT PORT

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PCM2 - 28% RESERVOIR LEVEL OPERATION MODE (TRSOV CLOSED)

• PCM 1 is supplied with hydraulic pressure from HPS1
• PCM 2 is supplied with hydraulic pressure from HPS2 and HPS4
• Flight Controls circuit shut-off valve is open and pressure is provided to the main flight control servo actuators
• PCM 2 utility shut-off valve is automatically re-opened by the reservoir 28% level microswitch following a system leakage (after
50% level microswitch operation). The caution HYD UTIL PRESS clears, LDG GEAR NORM indicator condition and the
reservoir fluid quantity (28%) are indicated on the MFD hydraulics synoptic page
• The landing gear retracts automatically as the utilities hydraulic system is again pressurised
• TRSOV is automatically closed by PCM 2 reservoir 28% level microswitch. The caution 2 SERVO and the TRSOV indicator
condition are indicated on the MFD
• Tail rotor servo actuator is supplied hydraulic pressure by hydraulic circuit 1 only, circuit 2 is in by-pass
• SOV 1 switch operation on the Hydraulic Control Panel is inhibited
• Pressure is 207 bar.

1 BAR 2
205 209 87 ºC

28%

PUMP 4

UTIL UTIL
SOV 1 LDG GEAR SOV 2

EMERG NORM 2 SERVO

PUMP 2 50% RESERVOIR LEVEL
END MICROSWITCH
MAIN SERVO SOV 2

FWD
28% RESERVOIR LEVEL
LEFT MICROSWITCH

RIGHT
TRSOV 22% RESERVOIR LEVEL
TAIL SERVO
MICROSWITCH
TAIL

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CIRCUIT 2 AT 28% RESERVOIR LEVEL

FILTER HP CASE DRAIN

RETURN FILTER
BYPASS DIFFERENTIAL IND
50% SWITCH

FILTER BYPASS
RESERVOIR VALVE
28%
TO HPS 2
HP CASE DRAIN
DIFFERENTIAL IND

22%
TEMPERATURE
SENSOR

TEMPERATURE
SWITCH
TO HPS 4
TO MAIN
ROTOR ACT

SYSTEM PRESS
HPS FAIL FILTER SWITCH TO TAIL
SWITCH BLOCK FLIGHT CONTROL ROTOR ACT
PRESSURE
SWITCH SERVO SHUTOFF
TRANSDUCER
VALVE MAIN ROTOR
ACT RETURN
HPS 2
PRESS IN
TAIL ROTOR
ACT RETURN
PRESSURE FILTER
PRESS RELIEF
VALVE
UTILITY
HPS 4
RETURN
PRESS IN
FLOW RESTRICTOR
HPS FAIL UTILITY SHUTOFF
SWITCH VALVE
RETURN
SHUTTLE
VALVE

UTILITY PRESS OUT

EXT HYD POWER EXT HYD POWER FILLING
PRESS PORT RETURN PORT PORT

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

PCM 2 - 22% RESERVOIR LEVEL OPERATION MODE (UTILITIES AND TRSOV CLOSED)
• PCM 1 is supplied with hydraulic pressure from HPS1
• PCM 2 is supplied with hydraulic pressure from HPS2 and HPS4
• Flight Controls circuit shut-off valve is open and pressure is provided to the flight control main servo actuators
• TRSOV remains closed and pressure is isolated from the number 2 tail servo actuator
• PCM 2 utility shut-off valve is automatically closed by the reservoir 22% level microswitch following a system leakage (after 28%
level microswitch operation)
• The cautions HYD UTIL PRESS, 2 HYD MIN, 2 SERVO the LDG GEAR NORM indicator condition and the reservoir fluid
quantity (22%) are provided to the MFD
• Utility pressure circuit is depressurised to the return
• The landing gear extends under gravity
• Flight Controls circuit return and utility depressurisation to the PCM reservoir via the return filter
• Pressure is 207 bar

1 BAR 2
205 209 87 ºC

22%
PUMP 4

UTIL UTIL
SOV 1 LDG GEAR SOV 2

EMERG NORM HYD UTIL PRESS

PUMP 2 2 SERVO
2 HYD MIN
50% RESERVOIR LEVEL
MAIN SERVO SOV 2 MICROSWITCH
END
FWD

LEFT 28% RESERVOIR LEVEL

MICROSWITCH
RIGHT
TRSOV
TAIL SERVO 22% RESERVOIR LEVEL
MICROSWITCH
TAIL

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

CIRCUIT 2 AT 22% RESERVOIR LEVEL

FILTER HP CASE DRAIN

RETURN FILTER
BYPASS DIFFERENTIAL IND
50% SWITCH

FILTER BYPASS
RESERVOIR VALVE
28%
TO HPS 2
HP CASE DRAIN
DIFFERENTIAL IND
22%

TEMPERATURE
SENSOR

TEMPERATURE
SWITCH
TO HPS 4
TO MAIN
ROTOR ACT

SYSTEM PRESS
HPS FAIL FILTER SWITCH TO TAIL
SWITCH BLOCK FLIGHT CONTROL ROTOR ACT
PRESSURE
SWITCH SERVO SHUTOFF
TRANSDUCER
VALVE MAIN ROTOR
ACT RETURN
HPS 2
PRESS IN
TAIL ROTOR
ACT RETURN
PRESSURE FILTER
PRESS RELIEF
VALVE
UTILITY
HPS 4
RETURN
PRESS IN
FLOW RESTRICTOR
HPS FAIL UTILITY SHUTOFF
SWITCH VALVE
RETURN
SHUTTLE
VALVE

UTILITY PRESS OUT

EXT HYD POWER EXT HYD POWER FILLING
PRESS PORT RETURN PORT PORT

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

PCM1 - 22% LEVEL OPERATION MODE (UTILITIES VALVE CLOSED)

• PCM 1 is supplied with hydraulic pressure from HPS1
• PCM 2 is supplied with hydraulic pressure from HPS2 and HPS4
• Flight Controls circuit shut-off valve is open and pressure is provided to the flight control main and tail servo actuators
• PCM 1 utility shut-off valve is automatically closed by the reservoir MIN LEVEL microswitch following a system leakage
• The cautions 1 HYD MIN, EMER LDG PRESS, the LDG GEAR EMER indicator condition and the reservoir fluid quantity (22%)
are provided to the MFD
• Utility pressure circuit is depressurised to the return
• Flight Controls circuit return and utility depressurisation to the PCM reservoir via the return filter
• Pressure is 207 bar.

NOTE – TRSOV is controlled by PCM 2 only.

NOTE – 50% and 28% level microswitches on PCM 1 provide the indication of the reservoir fluid quantity (50% and 28%) to the MFD
synoptics page only. This reduction in fluid level has no other immediate affect on the operation of circuit 1.

1 BAR 2
85 ºC 205 209 87 ºC

22% 22%
PUMP 4
ELEC PUMP

UTIL UTIL
SOV 1 LDG GEAR SOV 2
EMERG LDG PRESS
EMERG NORM 1 HYD PUMP
MIN 2
PUMP 1
50% RESERVOIR LEVEL
END MICROSWITCH
SOV 1 MAIN SERVO SOV 2

FWD
28% RESERVOIR LEVEL
LEFT MICROSWITCH

RIGHT
TRSOV
TAIL SERVO 22% RESERVOIR LEVEL
MICROSWITCH
TAIL

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

CIRCUIT 1 AT 22% RESERVOIR LEVEL

FILTER HP CASE DRAIN

RETURN FILTER
BYPASS DIFFERENTIAL IND
50% SWITCH

FILTER BYPASS
RESERVOIR VALVE
28%
TO HPS 2
HP CASE DRAIN
DIFFERENTIAL IND
22%

TEMPERATURE
SENSOR

TEMPERATURE
SWITCH
TO HPS 4
TO MAIN
ROTOR ACT

SYSTEM PRESS
HPS FAIL FILTER TO TAIL
SWITCH
SWITCH BLOCK PRESSURE FLIGHT CONTROL ROTOR ACT
SWITCH TRANSDUCER SERVO SHUTOFF
VALVE MAIN ROTOR
ACT RETURN
HPS 1
PRESS IN
TAIL ROTOR
ACT RETURN
PRESSURE FILTER
PRESS RELIEF
VALVE
UTILITY
EPS
RETURN
PRESS IN
FLOW RESTRICTOR
HPS FAIL UTILITY SHUTOFF
SWITCH VALVE
RETURN
SHUTTLE
VALVE

UTILITY PRESS OUT

EXT HYD POWER EXT HYD POWER FILLING
PRESS PORT RETURN PORT PORT

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

PILOT INITIATED FLIGHT CONTROL CIRCUIT SHUTOFF OPERATION

• PCM 1 is supplied with hydraulic pressure from HPS1
• PCM 2 is supplied with hydraulic pressure from HPS2 and HPS4
• Flight controls circuit shut-off valve is closed by pilot selection of the SOV 1 (2) CLOSE switch on the Hydraulic System Control
Panel
• The caution 1 (2) HYD OIL PRESS (together with the caution 1 (2) SERVO and the SOV 1 (SOV 2) indicator condition are
provided to the CAS; the amber legend PRESS is illuminated on the HYD 1 (2) indicator on the Hydraulic System Control Panel
• Flight Controls circuit is depressurised to the return
• Utility shut-off valve remains open and pressure is provided to the utility system
• Pressure is 207 bar.

1 SOV 2
ELECT PUMP HYD 1 HYD 2
1 BAR 2 C C
L L
85 ºC 205 209 87 ºC PRESS O O PRESS
ON S S
TEMP TEMP
E E
100% 100%
PUMP 4
ELEC PUMP

UTIL UTIL 1 SERVO

SOV 1 LDG GEAR SOV 2
1 HYD OIL PRESS
EMERG NORM END
PUMP 1 PUMP 2

SOV 1 MAIN SERVO SOV 2

FWD

LEFT

RIGHT
TRSOV
TAIL SERVO
TAIL

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

FLIGHT CONTROL CIRCUIT SHUTOFF OPERATION

FILTER HP CASE DRAIN

RETURN FILTER
BYPASS DIFFERENTIAL IND
50% SWITCH

FILTER BYPASS
RESERVOIR VALVE
28%
TO HPS 2
HP CASE DRAIN
DIFFERENTIAL IND

22%
TEMPERATURE
SENSOR

TEMPERATURE
SWITCH
TO HPS 4
TO MAIN
ROTOR ACT

SYSTEM PRESS
HPS FAIL FILTER SWITCH
TO TAIL
SWITCH BLOCK PRESSURE FLIGHT CONTROL ROTOR ACT
SWITCH TRANSDUCER SERVO SHUTOFF
VALVE MAIN ROTOR
ACT RETURN
HPS 2
PRESS IN
TAIL ROTOR
ACT RETURN
PRESSURE FILTER
PRESS RELIEF
VALVE
UTILITY
HPS 4
RETURN
PRESS IN
FLOW RESTRICTOR
HPS FAIL UTILITY SHUTOFF
SWITCH VALVE
RETURN
SHUTTLE
VALVE

UTILITY PRESS OUT

EXT HYD POWER EXT HYD POWER FILLING
PRESS PORT RETURN PORT PORT

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

DURING GROUND EQUIPMENT OPERATION (MAINTENANCE)

• PCM is supplied with hydraulic pressure from an external Ground Equipment Hydraulic Supply connected through the pressure
and return ports
• Flight Controls circuit and utilities shut-off valves are open and pressure is provided to the systems
• Return shuttle-valve is operated by a dedicated pressure line to connect Flight Controls circuit and utilities return to the Ground
Equipment, thus isolating PCM reservoir

FILTER HP CASE DRAIN

RETURN FILTER
BYPASS DIFFERENTIAL IND
50% SWITCH

FILTER BYPASS
RESERVOIR VALVE
28%
TO HPS 2
HP CASE DRAIN
DIFFERENTIAL IND

22%
TEMPERATURE
SENSOR

TEMPERATURE
SWITCH
TO HPS 4
TO MAIN
ROTOR ACT

SYSTEM PRESS TO TAIL

HPS FAIL FILTER SWITCH
SWITCH BLOCK PRESSURE FLIGHT CONTROL ROTOR ACT
SWITCH TRANSDUCER SERVO SHUTOFF
VALVE MAIN ROTOR
ACT RETURN
HPS 2
PRESS IN
TAIL ROTOR
ACT RETURN
PRESSURE FILTER
PRESS RELIEF
VALVE
UTILITY
HPS 4
RETURN
PRESS IN
FLOW RESTRICTOR
HPS FAIL UTILITY SHUTOFF
SWITCH VALVE
RETURN
SHUTTLE
VALVE

UTILITY PRESS OUT

EXT HYD POWER EXT HYD POWER FILLING
PRESS PORT RETURN PORT PORT

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

AFTER GROUND EQUIPMENT REMOVAL OPERATION (MAINTENANCE)

• After Ground Equipment removal a calibrated restrictor drains the pressure line operating the return shuttle valve allowing the
valve to reconnect systems return to the PCM reservoir during flight operation
• A dedicated port on the PCM is used for filling/bleeding operation
• Reservoir filling is achieved through the return lines

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

MAINTENANCE INFORMATION
• PCM must be drained before removal
• A bleed and operational check of the hydraulic system must be carried out after PCM replacement
• In the case of a PCM replacement, a dressing procedure must be carried out (transferring components from old PCM to
replacement PCM)
• Pressure and Return filter housing must be filled with hydraulic fluid before installation of filter element
• Drain PCM before replacement of hydraulic system components (filters excluded)

LEADING PARTICULARS
• Fluid..........................................MIL-PRF-83282 (i.e. AeroShell Fluid 31)
• Alternative: ......................................... MIL-PRF-5606 DEF STAN 91-48, AIR 3520/B GRADE 515, AIR 3520/A GRADE 520,
AMG-10, H515 (Equivalent H520)

NOTE: MIL-H-5606 is used for enhanced performance of hydraulic system in low temperature environment below –40° C. This fluid is
not considered a Fire resistant fluid.
• PCM Weight ..................................................................13.7 kg (30.2 lb)
PCM 1 hydraulic power (delivery/pressure) from:
• HPS1.......................... 35 l/min at 207 bar (9.2 US gall/min at 3000 PSI)
• EP ............................... 3 l/min at 90 bar (0.79 US gall/min at 3000 PSI)
PCM 2 hydraulic power (delivery/pressure) from:
• HPS 2......................... 35 l/min at 207 bar (9.2 US gall/min at 3000 PSI)
• HPS 4......................... 30 l/min at 207 bar (7.9 US gall/min at 3000 PSI)
Suction line pressure:
• Reservoir min level ..............................................min 0.05 bar (0.7 PSI)
• Reservoir full level ............................................ max 0.172 bar (2.5 PSI)
• Reservoir content ............. 4.1 l (4.3 US quarts) (total capacity for fluid thermal expansion)
• 3.2 l (3.4 US quarts) FULL
• 2.9 l (3 US quarts) ADD
• 1.3 l (1.4 US quarts) 50% LEVEL microswitch
• 0.9 l (0.9 US quarts) 28% LEVEL microswitch
• 0.7 l (0.7 US quarts) 22% LEVEL microswitch

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

Reservoir relief valve:

• open ...............................................0.34 thru 0.69 bar (4.9 thru 10 PSI)
• fully open ................................................. 1.4 bar (flow 13 l/min) (20.3 PSI with 13.7 US quarts/min flow)
• Reservoir bleeding time.......less than 3 minutes (from FULL to EMPTY)
Filter  element................................................................5  micron,  not  cleanable
• Filter clogged ............................................ 5.5 ±0.68 bar (79.8 ±9.9 PSI) indication differential pressure (not active if fluid
temperature is below 40°C)
Filter by-pass valve pressure:
• open ........................................................... 6.9 ±0.69 bar (100 ±10 PSI)
• reset .....................................................................min 4.5 bar (65.3 PSI)
Pressure system relief valve:
• open ...................................................................min 232 bar (3365 PSI)
• full flow .............................................................max 260 bar (3771 PSI)
• reset ...................................................................min 227 bar (3292 PSI)
Return by-pass valve:
• open ........................................................... 6.9 ±0.69 bar (100 ±10 PSI)
• reset .....................................................................min 4.5 bar (65.3 PSI)
Return shuttle-valve operating pressure (at ground port connection)
• actuated ............................at 10.3 thru 17.2 bar (149.4 thru 249.5 PSI)
• De-actuated .................................................. below 8.3 bar (120.4 PSI)
Flow restrictor flow
• at 207 bar (3000 PSI) operating pressure .1 l/min (1 US quart/min)
Pump case drain differential pressure indicator
• actuated at 5.5 ±0.68 bar (79.8 ±9.9 PSI) when flow is over 8 l/min (8.5 US quarts/min)
Check valves cracking pressure.......................... 0.20 to 0.35 bar (2.9 to 5 PSI)
Pressure switch indication:
• increasing ................................................................. 190 bar (2756 PSI)
• decreasing ................................................................ 163 bar (2350 PSI)

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

Temperature switch indication:

• increasing ......................................................................................134°C
• decreasing.....................................................................................127°C
PCM1 and PCM2 F/C shut-off valve electrical supply ...........28V DC ESS BUS 1
PCM1 utilities shut-off valve electrical supply ......................28V DC ESS BUS 1
PCM2 utilities shut-off valve electrical supply.......................28V DC ESS BUS 2
PCM1 fluid level microswitches electrical supply.....................28V DC ESS BUS 1
PCM2 fluid level microswitches electrical supply .....................28V DC ESS BUS2
PCM1 pressure sensor electrical supply...................................MAU 1 (10 VDC)
PCM2 pressure sensor electrical supply...................................MAU 2 (10 VDC)
PCM1 temperature sensor electrical supply................................MAU 1 (2 mA)
PCM2 temperature sensor electrical supply................................MAU 2 (2 mA)

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

HYDRAULIC POWER SUPPLY (HPS)

DESCRIPTION
• The Hydraulic Power Supply 1 is located on the top of the left engine input stage of the Main Gearbox.
• The Hydraulic Power Supply 2 is located on the top of the right engine input stage of the Main Gearbox.
• The Hydraulic Power Supply 4 is located on the left front side of the Main Gearbox.

The pump units are variable delivery, constant pressure, self regulating axial piston type pumps. Variable flow demand is achieved by
altering the angle of the swashplate which controls the stroke of the nine pistons. The pistons displacement (swashplate angle) is
controlled by an internal pressure compensator valve.

The pump incorporates a centrifugal boost impeller to reduce risk of cavitation. A cooling and lubrication flow (Case Drain Flow) passes
through the pump casing and is taken from a drain port and piped to the relative port on the associated PCM. The three pumps are
identical; HSP4 has a lower required output which is achieved by driving the pump at a lower speed. The mechanical pumps have a
shear shaft designed to break if the driving torque exceeds a preset value; the shear coupling is held in place by a positive retainer. This
feature prevents damage to the gearbox in the event of a pump seizure.

The hydraulic pumps are provided with four ports for suction, pressure, case drain and shaft seal leak drain. The mechanical pumps are
driven by different gearbox shafts to provide maximum separation of power sources for redundancy purposes.

OPERATION
• The pump cylinder housing which contains the nine pistons is driven by a shaft
• As the cylinder housing rotates, the pistons reciprocate within their bores intaking (from PCM suction line) and discharging fluid
(to PCM pressure line)
• Varying flow demands are satisfied by changing the angle of the swashplate which controls the nine pistons stroke
• A compensating valve senses the pump output pressure and a stroking piston, together with a spring, controls the swashplate
• As the pressure drops, the swashplate is tilted producing increased flow to the system
• As soon as pressure reaches the predetermined value, the swashplate angle is reduced thus reducing fluid flow
• When no demands are made on the system, fluid flow to the system will be zero and fluid supplied by the pump is delivered
completely to the case drain line (to PCM case drain line)
• The case drain line is required to provide lubrication and heat dissipation to the pump internal rotating components
• Fluid is provided to the case drain line during any pump operating condition

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

HPS2 HPS1

HPS4

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

STANDARD MGB DRIVEN HYDRAULIC PUMP

SUCTION

PRESSURE
OUTLET

CASE
DRAIN

DRIVE QUIL
AND SHEER
SHAFT

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

HYD PUMP LOW FLOW

SWASHPLATE
ACTUATING SPRING

SUCTION

SWASHPLATE

HYDRAULIC FLOW RATE

PRESSURE

SWASHPLATE ACTUATING PISTON

COMPENSATOR

DRAIN

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

HYD PUMP HIGH FLOW

SWASHPLATE
ACTUATING SPRING

SUCTION

SWASHPLATE

HYDRAULIC FLOW RATE

PRESSURE

SWASHPLATE ACTUATING PISTON

COMPENSATOR

DRAIN

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

MAINTENANCE INFORMATION

• Before HPS removal, the associated PCM must be drained

• The splines on the HPS shaft must be lubricated with the same fluid of the main gearbox before installation

An HPS operational check must be carried out after replacement

LEADING PARTICULARS

• HPS1 / 2 flow rate ........................................ 35 l/min (9.2 US gall/min)

• HPS4 flow rate .............................................. 30 l/min (7.9 US gall/min)
• HPS1 / 2 rated speed ............................................................ 9111 RPM
• HPS4 rated speed...................................................................7731 RPM
• HPS1 / 2 / 4 rated pressure....................................... 207 bar (3000 PSI)
• HPS1 / 2 / 4 inlet operating pressure .............absolute 0.4 bar (5.8 PSI)
• HPS1 / 2 / 4 step response ............................................... max 0.05 sec
• HPS1 / 2 / 4 weight............................................................2.5 kg (5.5 lb)

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

TAIL ROTOR SHUT-OFF VALVE

DESCRIPTION
The Tail Rotor Shut-Off Valve is a three way, two position solenoid operated valve located on the right side of the upper deck in front of
the Main Gearbox. The TRSOV consists of a spool operated by a solenoid which is de-energised open. The spool is also controlled by a
spring which maintains the open position. A microswitch is provided to give a signal to the MAU and indicate on the MFD synoptics page.

The Tail Rotor Shut-off Valve is interfaced with:

• Central fuselage
• Power Control Module 2
• Modular Avionics Unit
• Electrical System.

OPERATION
During normal operation the solenoid is de-energised, the spool is positioned by the spring to keep the valve open thus providing
pressure flow to the tail servo actuator pressure line. When the 28% level microswitch in the Power Control Module 2 detects a low fluid
level condition, an electrical signal is provided to the valve which energises the solenoid, closing the TRSOV and isolating system
pressure from the tail servo actuator.

Tail rotor servo actuator pressure line is then connected to the return.

The caution 2 SERVO and the TAIL SERVO TRSOV indicator condition are provided via the MAU to the MFD CAS and synoptics page.

MAINTENANCE INFORMATION
• An operational test of the TRSOV must be carried out after TRSOV and check valve replacement.

LEADING PARTICULARS
• Rated flow .............................................. 3.2 l/min (3.4 US quarts/min)
• Electrical supply .........................................................28V DC ESS BUS 2

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

TAIL ROTOR SHUTOFF VALVE

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

AUXILIARY

DESCRIPTION

The Auxiliary Hydraulic Power System is used to provide hydraulic pressure to the main and tail flight controls for pre-flight checks only.
The pump delivers a pressure supply of 90/105 bar. The hydraulic power is generated by an electric pump that is incorporated into the
hydraulic circuit 1. The Electrical Pump is located on the upper deck in front of the Main Gearbox and is connected with the Power
Module 1.

The electric pump unit is a variable delivery, constant pressure, self-regulating axial piston type. Variable flow is achieved by altering the
angle of the swashplate which controls the stroke of the nine pistons. The piston displacement (swashplate angle) is controlled by an
internal pressure compensator valve. The pump incorporates a centrifugal boost impeller to reduce risk of cavitation.

A cooling and lubrication flow (case drain flow) passes through the pump casing and is taken from a drain port and piped to the relative
port on the PCM1. The Electrical Pump is driven by a fan cooled DC electrical motor. It is explosion proofed, equipped with a radio noise
filter and overheating switch. A timer relay limits motor operation to two minutes maximum to avoid battery discharge and prevent motor
overheating. The Electrical Pump is connected to the PCM1 with three pipelines.

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

OPERATION

The pump cylinder housing containing the nine pistons is driven by the electric motor shaft. As the cylinder housing rotates, the pistons
reciprocate within their bores intaking (from PCM1 suction line) and discharging fluid (to PCM1 pressure line). Varying flow demands are
satisfied by changing the angle of the swashplate which controls the nine pistons stroke.

A compensating valve senses the pump output pressure and a stroking piston together with a spring, controls the swashplate. As the
pressure drops, the swashplate is tilted producing increased flow to the system. As soon as pressure reaches the predetermined value,
the swashplate angle is reduced, thus reducing fluid flow. When no demands are made on the system, fluid flow to the system will be
zero and fluid supplied by the pump is delivered completely to the case drain line (to PCM1 case drain line).

The case drain line is required to provide lubrication and heat dissipation to the pump internal rotating components.
Fluid is provided to the case drain line during any pump operating condition.

CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

The Auxiliary Hydraulic Power System control is housed on the Hydraulic System Control Panel and is installed on the console. The
operative function is provided on the same control panel.

The Hydraulic System Control Panel provides the following function and indication:

ELEC PUMP push-button:

• Blank: when not pressed, no legend in view, the electric pump is not operative
• ON: when pressed allows the electric pump operational condition. The ON green legend is then lit. This operation is inhibited if a
flight condition is detected.

NOTE: Once engaged, the electric pump has an operative time of 2 MIN max to prevent battery discharge. After this time, the electric
pump will be automatically switched OFF.

When the electric pump is operative at 105 bar (zero flow) or at 90 bar (maximum full flow) the rated pressure is not sufficient to
extinguish the cautions 1 HYD Fluid PRESS, 1 SERVO and EMER LDG PRESS on the CAS and the legend PRESS of the HYD 1
TEMP/PRESS indicator on the Hydraulic System Control Panel.

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

MAINTENANCE INFORMATION
• Before EP removal, the PCM 1 must be drained
• A bleed of the main hydraulic system and an EP operation test must be carried out after replacement
• In case of EP replacement, a dressing procedure must be carried out.

LEADING PARTICULARS
Electric pump flow rate .......................................... 3 l/min (32 US quarts/min)
Electric pump rated speed ...............................................................10000 RPM
Electric pump pressure:
• full flow .............................................................................. 90 bar (1305 PSI)
• zero flow........................................................................... 105 bar (1522 PSI)
Electric pump inlet operating pressure:
• absolute................................................................................ 0.4 bar (5.8 PSI)
Electric pump step response .......................................................... 0.05 sec max
Electric pump weight ......................................................................3.1 kg (6.8 lb)
Electric pump electrical supply ............................................28 V DC MAIN BUS 1

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

INDICATION

DESCRIPTION

The Hydraulic Power indicating system is composed of the sensors included in the main components of the hydraulic systems as follows:
Main Hydraulic Power System
• Power Control Module 1 and 2  
• Tail Rotor Shut-Off Valve
• Hydraulic Control Panel
• Auxiliary Hydraulic Power System
• Electric Pump
• Hydraulic Control Panel

The indicating system is interfaced with:

• Electrical System
• Modular Avionics Unit.

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

MFD – Synoptic page:

Displayed on the synoptic page is an interface between the PCM, HPS, landing gear, servo-actuators and TRSOV as follows:

Circuit 1 or 2 operating pressure read-out

Circuit 1 or 2 operating temperature read-out

Circuit 1 or 2 fluid level percentage indicator: indicates the fluid level percentage in the PCM 1 (2) reservoir

1 BAR 2
55 ºC 205 209 69 ºC

100% 100%
PUMP 4
ELEC PUMP

UTIL UTIL
SOV 1 LDG GEAR SOV 2

EMERG NORM
PUMP 1 PUMP 2

SOV 1 MAIN SERVO SOV 2

FWD

LEFT

RIGHT
TRSOV
TAIL SERVO
TAIL

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

SOV 1 (2) indicator: indicates the condition of the PCM 1 (2) Flight control shut-off valve operated by the 1 (2) CLOSE switch in the
Hydraulic Control Panel When the valve is open the SOV 1 (2) indicator is vertical. When the valve is closed the SOV 1 (2) indicator is
horizontal. In this condition the cautions 1 (2) HYD PRESS, 1 (2) SERVO to the MFD and the amber legend PRESS on the HYD 1 (2)
indicator in the Hydraulic Control Panel are illuminated

LDG GEAR NORM indicator: indicates the condition of the PCM 2 utility shut-off valve operated by the PCM 2 50% level, 28% level and
22% level microswitches. When the valve is open the Utility Shutoff Valve indicator is horizontal. When the valve is closed the Utility
Shutoff Valve indicator is vertical. In this condition the caution HYD UTIL PRESS only or the cautions HYD UTIL PRESS and 2 HYD MIN
are displayed on the CAS.

LDG GEAR EMER indicator: indicates the condition of the PCM 1 utility shut-off valve operated by the PCM 1 fluid MIN LEVEL
microswitch. When the valve is open the Emergency Utility Shutoff valve indicator is horizontal. When the valve is closed the Emergency
Utility Shutoff valve indicator is vertical. In this condition the cautions EMERG LDG PRESS and 1 HYD MIN are displayed on the CAS.

1 BAR 2
55 ºC 205 209 69 ºC

100% 100%
PUMP 4
ELEC PUMP

UTIL UTIL
SOV 1 LDG GEAR SOV 2

EMERG NORM
PUMP 1 PUMP 2

SOV 1 MAIN SERVO SOV 2

FWD

LEFT

RIGHT
TRSOV
TAIL SERVO
TAIL

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

TAIL SERVO TRSOV indicator: indicates the condition of the Tail Rotor Shut-off Valve operated by the PCM 2 fluid 28% level
microswitch. When the valve is open the TAIL SERVO TRSOV indicator is horizontal. When the valve is closed the TAIL SERVO TRSOV
indicator is vertical. In this condition the caution 2 SERVO is displayed.

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

SYNOPTIC PAGE SYMBOLS

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

LIMITATIONS

! ZONE%COLOUR% HYDRAULIC%PRESSURE%(BAR)%

RED%BAND% 2517310%

RED%LINE% 251% ZONE%COLOUR% HYDRAULIC%TEMPERATURE%(⁰C)%

AMBER%BAND% 2267250% RED%BAND% 1359150%

GREEN%BAND% 1807225% RED%LINE% 135%

AMBER%BAND% 1637179% AMBER%BAND% 1209134%

RED%LINE% 162% GREEN%BAND% 9209119%

RED%BAND% 07162% AMBER%BAND% 9509921%

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

CAPTIONS

When the amber legend PRESS of the HYD 1 indicator is illuminated on the Hydraulic System Control Panel, cautions also displayed on
the CAS message window are as follows:

1 HYD OIL PRESS:

• Illuminates when the hydraulic system 1 pressure drops below 163 bar and extinguishes when above 190 bar
1 SERVO:
• Illuminates when at least one servo actuator in system 1 is in bypass
1 HYD PUMP:
• Illuminates when the 1 main pump outlet pressure drops below 163 bar and extinguishes when above 190 bar
EMERG LDG PRESS:
• Illuminates when the pressure in the Emergency L/G extension line pressure drops below 163 bar and extinguishes when above
190 bar.

When the amber legend PRESS of the HYD 2 indicator is illuminated on the Hydraulic System Control Panel, cautions also displayed on
the CAS message window are as follows:
2 HYD OIL PRESS:
• Illuminates when the hydraulic system 2 pressure drops below 163 bar and extinguishes when above 190 bar
2 SERVO:
• Illuminates when at least one servo actuator in system 2 is in bypass
2-4 HYD PUMP:
• Illuminates when the 2 and 4 main pumps outlet pressure drops below 163 bar and extinguishes when above 190 bar
HYD UTIL PRESS:
• Illuminates when the pressure in the utility system (Normal L/G extension line) drops below 163 bar and extinguishes when
above 190 bar

When the amber legend TEMP of the HYD 1 (2) indicator is illuminated on the Hydraulic System Control Panel, the CAS message
window will display as follows:
1 HYD OIL TEMP:
• When the hydraulic system 1 fluid temperature is above 134°C and extinguishes when below 127°C
2 HYD OIL TEMP:
• Illuminates when the hydraulic system 2 fluid temperature is above 134°C and extinguishes when below 127°C

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 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

Other cautions:
1 HYD MIN:
• Illuminates when the fluid level is at minimum in the PCM 1 reservoir (0.7 l = 22%)
2 HYD MIN:
• Illuminates when the fluid level is at minimum in the PCM 2 reservoir (0.7 l = 22%)
2 HYD PUMP:
• Illuminates when the 2 main pump outlet pressure drops below 163 bar and extinguishes when above 190 bar
4 HYD PUMP:
• Illuminates when the 4 main pump outlet pressure drops below 163 bar and extinguishes when above 190 bar

MAINTENANCE INFORMATION
Every 600 hours, the TAIL ROTOR SHUTOFF VALVE operational check must be carried out through the PCM2 reservoir test switch
lever. When this test switch is manually turned and held, the following cautions 2 SERVO, 2 HYD MIN and HYD UTIL PRESS are
displayed on the CAS. The synoptic page details and messages are also displayed.

If the PCM1 is re-installed for repair/overhaul, the reservoir test switch lever must be normally turned and held. The cautions for the
PCM1 are 1 HYD MIN and EMER LDG PRESS. The synoptic page details and messages for PCM1 and PCM2 are also shown.

TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY 62 of 68

 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

HYD SHUTOFF CIRCUIT - HYDRAULICS OFF

NO1 F/C PRESSURE

SWITCH

NO2 F/C PRESSURE

SWITCH

NO2 SOV ELECTRO HYDRAULIC

SOLENOIDS

TRSOV PRESSURE
SWITCH

NO1 SOV

TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY 63 of 68

 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

HYD SHUTOFF CIRCUIT - SYSTEM 1 PRESSURISED

NO1 F/C PRESSURE

SWITCH

NO2 F/C PRESSURE

SWITCH

NO2 SOV ELECTRO HYDRAULIC

SOLENOIDS

TRSOV PRESSURE
SWITCH

NO1 SOV

TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY 64 of 68

 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

HYD SHUTOFF CIRCUIT - SYSTEM 1 AND 2 PRESSURISED

NO1 F/C PRESSURE

SWITCH

NO2 F/C PRESSURE

SWITCH

NO2 SOV ELECTRO HYDRAULIC

SOLENOIDS

TRSOV PRESSURE
SWITCH

NO1 SOV

TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY 65 of 68

 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

HYD SHUTOFF CIRCUIT - SYSTEM 1 AND 2 PRESSURISED, LOW LEVEL SYSTEM 2

NO1 F/C PRESSURE

SWITCH

NO2 F/C PRESSURE

SWITCH

NO2 SOV ELECTRO HYDRAULIC

SOLENOIDS

TRSOV PRESSURE
SWITCH

NO1 SOV

TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY 66 of 68

 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

AUXILIARY PUMP CIRCUIT

2 MINUTE
DELAY
RELAY
AIR/
GROUND
LOGIC
LAMP TEST

TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY 67 of 68

 AW139 APRIL 2018 REV 3

NOTES:

TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY 68 of 68