Faculty of Engineering & Technology

Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)

B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

PRACTICAL: 01

AIM: Dealing With Data Using Stats Numpy and Pandas Library.

import statistics as st import numpy as np import pandas

as pd age = [10,20,30,40,50]

a_age = st.mean(age) print("Mean of age:",a_age)

Mean of age: 30

a3 = np.array([[10,20,30],[40,50,60],[60,70,80]])

print(a3) print(a3.ndim) print(a3.dtype)

print(a3.itemsize) print(a3.shape) print(a3.size)

[[10 20 30]
[40 50 60]
[60 70 80]]
2 int64 8
(3, 3)
9

a4 = np.zeros((5,5)) print(a4)

[[0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
[0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
[0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
[0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
[0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]]

a5 = np.zeros((0,3)) print(a5)

[]

a6 = np.arange(2,101,2) a6

array([ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34,
36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52,
54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78,
80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100])

a7 = np.reshape(a6,(10,5)) a7

array([[ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10], [ 12, 14, 16, 18, 20],

[ 22, 24, 26, 28, 30],
[ 32, 34, 36, 38, 40],
[ 42, 44, 46, 48, 50],
[ 52, 54, 56, 58, 60],
[ 62, 64, 66, 68, 70],
[ 72, 74, 76, 78, 80],
[ 82, 84, 86, 88, 90],
[ 92, 94, 96, 98, 100]])

a8 = np.reshape(a6,(2,5,5)) a8

array([[[ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10], [ 12, 14, 16, 18, 20],

[ 22, 24, 26, 28, 30],
[ 32, 34, 36, 38, 40],
[ 42, 44, 46, 48, 50]],

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

[[ 52, 54, 56, 58, 60], [ 62, 64, 66, 68,

70],
[ 72, 74, 76, 78, 80],
[ 82, 84, 86, 88, 90],
[ 92, 94, 96, 98, 100]]])

print(a6) print(a6[:5]) print(a6[::5]) print(a6[2:5])

print(a6[0:-1])

[ 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36
38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72
74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 100]
[ 2 4 6 8 10]
[ 2 12 22 32 42 52 62 72 82 92]
[ 6 8 10]
[ 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48
50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96
98]

my_dictionary = {
"id":[101,103],
"name":["Nandani","Rathod"],
} print(my_dictionary) dtfr = pd.DataFrame(my_dictionary) dtfr

{'id': [101, 103], 'name': ['Nandani', 'Rathod']} id name

0 101 Nandani

1 103 Rathod

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

PRACTICAL: 02

AIM: Data Analysis and Visualization on Diwali Sales Database.

import numpy as np import pandas as
pd import seaborn as sns import
matplotlib.pyplot as plt

df = pd.read_csv('/content/Diwali Sales Data.csv', encoding='unicode_escape')

df.shape

(11251, 15)

df.head()

Ag Ag Marital_Stat
User_ICust_naProduct_Gend Gro Stat
0 1002903 Sanskriti P00125942F 26-35 28 0 Maharashtra

1 1000732 Kartik P00110942 F 26-35 35 1 Andhra Pradesh

2 1001990 Bindu P00118542 F 26-35 35 1 Uttar Pradesh

3 1001425 Sudevi P00237842M 0-17 16 0 Karnataka

df.info()

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
RangeIndex: 11251 entries, 0 to 11250 Data
columns (total 15 columns):
# Column Non-Null Count Dtype
--- ------ -------------- -----
0 User_ID 11251 non-null int64
1 Cust_name 11251 non-null object
2 Product_ID 11251 non-null object
3 Gender 11251 non-null object
4 Age Group 11251 non-null object
5 Age 11251 non-null int64
6 Marital_Status 11251 non-null int64
7 State 11251 non-null object
8 Zone 11251 non-null object
9 Occupation 11251 non-null object
10 Product_Category 11251 non-null object
11 Orders 11251 non-null int64
12 Amount 11239 non-null float64
13 Status 0 non-null float64 14 unnamed1 0 non-null float64 dtypes:
float64(3), int64(4), object(8) memory usage: 1.3+ MB

Drop unused/unnecessary columns i.e Status and unnamed1

df.drop(['Status','unnamed1'], axis=1, inplace=True)

pd.isnull(df).sum()

User_ID 0
Cust_name 0
Product_ID 0
Gender 0
Age Group 0
Age 0
Marital_Status 0

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

State 0
Zone 0
Occupation 0
Product_Category 0
Orders 0 Amount
12 dtype: int64

Drop all null values in Amount as 12 is very less compared to 11251 records

df.dropna(inplace=True)

df['Amount'] = df['Amount'].astype('int')

df['Amount'].dtypes dtype('int64')

df.columns

Index(['User_ID', 'Cust_name', 'Product_ID', 'Gender', 'Age Group', 'Age',

'Marital_Status', 'State', 'Zone', 'Occupation', 'Product_Category',
'Orders', 'Amount'],
dtype='object')

df.rename(columns={'Marital_Status':'Shaadi'})

A A Shaa
User_ Cust_naProduct_Gend Gro Stat Zo OccupatiProduct_Categ
Orde A
0 1002903 Sanskriti P00125942F 26-35 28 0 Maharashtra Western Healthcare Auto
1 2

1 1000732 Kartik P00110942 F 26-35 35 1 Andhra Pradesh Southern Govt Auto

3 2

2 1001990 Bindu P00118542 F 26-35 35 1 Uttar Pradesh Central Automobile Auto

3 2

3 1001425 Sudevi P00237842M 0-17 16 0 Karnataka Southern Construction Auto

2 2

Food

4 1000588 Joni P00057942M 26-35 28 1 Gujarat Western Auto 2 2

Processing

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
...

11246 1000695 Manning P00296942M 18-25 19 1 Maharashtra Western Chemical Office

4

11247 1004089 Reichenbach P00171342M 26-35 33 0 Haryana Northern Healthcare

Veterinary 3

Madhya

11248 1001209 Oshin P00201342F 36-45 40 0 Central Textile Office 4

Pradesh

11249 1004023 Noonan P00059442M 36-45 37 0 Karnataka Southern Agriculture Office 3

df.describe()

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

User_I Ag Marital_Stat Orde Amo

count 1.123900e+04 11239.000000 11239.000000 11239.000000 11239.000000
mean 1.003004e+06 35.410357 0.420055 2.489634 9453.610553

std 1.716039e+03 12.753866 0.493589 1.114967 5222.355168

min 1.000001e+06 12.000000 0.000000 1.000000 188.000000

25% 1.001492e+06 27.000000 0.000000 2.000000 5443.000000

50% 1.003064e+06 33.000000 0.000000 2.000000 8109.000000

75% 1.004426e+06 43.000000 1.000000 3.000000 12675.000000

max 1.006040e+06 92.000000 1.000000 4.000000 23952.000000

df[['Age','Orders','Amount']].describe
()

Ag Orde Amo
count 11239.000000 11239.000000 11239.000000
mean 35.410357 2.489634 9453.610553

std 12.753866 1.114967 5222.355168

min 12.000000 1.000000 188.000000

25% 27.000000 2.000000 5443.000000

50% 33.000000 2.000000 8109.000000

75% 43.000000 3.000000 12675.000000

max 92.000000 4.000000 23952.000000

df.describe(include='all')
count 1.123900e+04 11239 11239 11239 11239 11239.000000 11239.000000 11239 11239 11239 1123
unique NaN 1250 A7
User_ Cust_naProduct_GendGro 2350 2 NaN NaN 16 5 1
A Marital_StatStat Zo OccupatiProduct_Cate 15

Uttar
Clothing &
top NaN Vishakha P00265242 F 26-35 NaN NaN Pradesh Central IT Sector
Appar
freq NaN 42 53 7832 4541 NaN NaN 1944 4289 1583 265

mean 1.003004e+06 NaN NaN NaN NaN 35.410357 0.420055 NaN NaN NaN Na

std 1.716039e+03 NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.753866 0.493589 NaN NaN NaN Na

min 1.000001e+06 NaN NaN NaN NaN 12.000000 0.000000 NaN NaN NaN Na

25% 1.001492e+06 NaN NaN NaN NaN 27.000000 0.000000 NaN NaN NaN Na

50% 1.003064e+06 NaN NaN NaN NaN 33.000000 0.000000 NaN NaN NaN Na

75% 1 004426e+06 NaN NaN NaN NaN 43 000000 1 000000 NaN NaN NaN Na

Exploratory Data Analysis

ax = sns.countplot(x='Gender', data = df) for

bars in ax.containers:

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Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

ax.bar_label
(bars)

#gen vs amount sales_gen = df.groupby(['Gender'], as_index=False)['Amount'].sum().sort_values(by='Amount',

ascending=False) sns.barplot(x='Gender', y='Amount', data=sales_gen)

<Axes: xlabel='Gender', ylabel='Amount'>

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

 Age

ax = sns.countplot(data=df, x='Age Group', hue='Gender') for bars in ax.containers: ax.bar_label(bars)

#age vs amount sales_age = df.groupby(['Age Group'], as_index=False)

['Amount'].sum().sort_values(by='Amount', ascending=False) sns.barplot(x='Age Group',

y='Amount', data=sales_age)

<Axes: xlabel='Age Group', ylabel='Amount'>

 State

#total number of orders from top 10 states sales_state = df.groupby(['State'], as_index=False)

['Orders'].sum().sort_values(by='Orders', ascending=False).head(10) sns.set(rc={'figure.figsize':

(15,5)})

sns.barplot data=(sales_state, x='State', y='Orders')

sns.barplot data=sales_state

Axes: xlabel='State', ylabel='Orders'

#total amount/sales from top 10 states sales_state = df.groupby(['State'], as_index=False)

['Amount'].sum().sort_values(by='Amount', ascending=False).head(10)

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Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

sns.set(rc={'figure.figsize':(15,5)})
sns.barplot(data=sales_state, x='State',
y='Amount') <Axes: xlabel='State',
ylabel='Amount'>

Marital Status
ax = sns.countplot(data=df, x='Marital_Status')

sns.set(rc={'figure.figsi
ze':(7,5)})

for bars in
ax.containers:
(bar)

sales_state = df.groupby(['Marital_Status', 'Gender'], as_index=False)

['Amount'].sum().sort_values(by='Amount',ascending=False) sns.set(rc={'figure.figsize':(6,5)})
sns.barplot(data=sales_state, x='Marital_Status', y='Amount',hue='Gender')
<Axes: xlabel='Marital_Status', ylabel='Amount'>

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

 Occupation

sns.set(rc={'figure.figsize'

:(20,5)}) ax =

sns.countplot(data=df,x='Occ

upation') for bars in

ax.containers:

ax.bar_label
(bars)

sales_state = df.groupby(['Occupation'], as_index=False)

['Amount'].sum().sort_values(by='Amount',ascending=False) sns.set(rc={'figure.figsize':(20,5)})
sns.barplot
(data=sales_state
, 'Occupation'
, 'Amoun)
<Axes: xlabel='Occupation', ylabel='Amount'
>

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Product Category

sns.set(rc={'figure.figsize':(20,5)}) ax = sns.countplot(data=df,x='Product_Category')

for bars in ax.containers: ax.bar_label(bars)

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

PRACTICAL: 03

AIM: Implementation of Regressions (Make Until Its Completed

in Class).
Regression: Prediction
import numpy as np import pandas as pd import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#placement.csv
df = pd.read_csv('/content/placement.csv')
df.head()

cgpa package
0 6.89 3.26

1 5.12 1.98

2 7.82 3.25

3 7.42 3.67

4 6.94 3.57
plt.scatter(df['cgpa'],df['package']) plt.xlabel('CGPA')
plt.ylabel('Package(in lpa)')

Text(0, 0.5, 'Package(in lpa)')

x=df.iloc[:,0:1] y = df.iloc[:,-1]

0 3.26
11.98
23.25
33.67
43.57
195 2.46
196 2.57
197 3.24
198 3.96
199 2.33
Name: package, Length: 200, dtype: float64

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split x_train, x_test,

y_train,y_test = train_test_split(x,y,test_size=0.2, random_state=2)

from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression

#model selection

lr = LinearRegression()
lr.fit(x_train,y_train)
#training a model fit method pass training variables

▾LinearRegression
LinearRegression()

x_test
115 8.35
35 6.87
12 8.94
92 7.90
13 6.93
126 5.91
174 7.32
2 7.82
44 5.09
3 7.42
113 6.94
14 7.73
23 6.19
25 7.28
6 6.73
134 7.20
165 8.21
173 6.75
45 7.87
65 7.60
48 8.63
122 5.12
178 8.15
64 7 36
64 7.36
9 8.31
57 6.60
78 6.59
71 7.47
128 7.93
176 6.29
131 6.37
53 6.47

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

lr.predict(x_test.iloc[0].values.reshape(1,1))
#method used for testing : predict

/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/sklearn/base.py:439:
UserWarning: X does not warnings.warn( array([3.89111601])

plt.scatter(df['cgpa'],df['package'])
plt.plot(x_train,lr.predict(x_train),color='red') plt.xlabel('CGPA')
plt.ylabel ( 'Package(in lpa)' )

Text(0, 0.5, 'Package(in lpa)')

m=lr.coef_

b=lr.intercept_

m*8.58+b array([3.89111601])

m*9.5+b array([4.40443183])

m*100+b array([54.89908542])

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Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

#Evaluate model from sklearn.metrics import

r2_score,mean_absolute_error,mean_squared_error

y_pred = lr.predict(x_test) score = r2_score(y_test,y_pred)

print(f'Accuracy score:{score}')

Accuracy score:0.780730147510384
y_pred

array([3.89111601, 3.09324469, 2.38464568, 2.57434935, 1.6537286 ,

1.77647803, 2.07219258, 2.93143862, 3.76278706, 2.93701814,
4.09197872, 3.51170867, 2.97049525, 2.40138424, 3.18809652,
3.46707251, 1.94386362, 3.24389172, 2.97607477, 3.41685683,
2.55761079, 3.16577844, 2.85890486, 3.12114229, 3.68467378,
2.8700639 , 3.49497011, 3.34432308, 3.91901361, 1.96060218,
3.65119666, 3.2104146 , 3.74046898, 2.7863711 , 2.78079158,
3.27178932, 3.52844723, 2.61340599, 2.65804215, 2.71383735])
x_test

cgpa
112 8.58
29 7.15
182 5.88
199 6.22
193 4.57
85 4.79
10 5.32
54 6.86
115 8.35
35 6.87
12 8.94
92 7.90
13 6.93
126 5.91
174 7.32
2 7.82
44 5.09
3 7.42
113 6.94
14 7.73

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

import numpy as np import pandas as pd import

matplotlib.pyplot as plt

df = pd.read_csv('/content/50_Startups.csv')

df.head()

R&D AdministratiMarketing Stat Profit

0 165349. 136897. 471784.New 192261.
1 162597.70 151377.59 443898.53 California 191792.06

2 153441.51 101145.55 407934.54 Florida 191050.39

3 144372.41 118671.85 383199.62 New York 182901.99

4 142107.34 91391.77 366168.42 Florida 166187.94

Next Generate d  View

df.isnull().sum()

R&D Spend 0
Administration 0
Marketing Spend 0
State 0 Profit 0
dtype: int64

df["State"].unique() array(['New York', 'California', 'Florida'],

dtype=object)

#plot R&D vs Profit x1 = df.iloc[:,0].values y1=

df.iloc[:,-1].values plt.scatter(x1,y1, color="Green",
s=50) plt.xlabel("R&D") plt.ylabel("Profit") plt.title("R&D
vs Profit")
plt.show
()

#plot Administration vs Profit x1 = df.iloc[:,1].values

y1= df.iloc[:,-1].values plt.scatter(x1,y1, color="Red",
s=50) plt.xlabel("Administration") plt.ylabel("Profit")
plt.title("Administration vs Profit")

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

plt.show
()

#plot marketing spend vs Profit x1 = df.iloc[:,2].values

y1= df.iloc[:,-1].values plt.scatter(x1,y1, color="blue",
s=50) plt.xlabel("Marketing spend") plt.ylabel("Profit")
plt.title("marketing spend vs Profit")
plt.show
()

#plot state vs Profit x1 = df.iloc[:,3].values y1=

df.iloc[:,-1].values plt.scatter(x1,y1, color="purple",
s=50) plt.xlabel("state") plt.ylabel("Profit")
plt.title("state vs Profit") plt.show()

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
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df["New York"]=np.where(df["State"]=="New York",1,0)

df["California"]=np.where(df["State"]=="California",1,0)
df["Florida"]=np.where(df["State"]=="Florida",1,0) df.drop(columns=['State'], axis=1,
inplace=True)

df.head()

R Marketi Ne
Spen Administrati Spen Profit Yor CaliforniFlorid
0 165349.20 136897.80 471784.10 192261.83 1 0 0

1 162597.70 151377.59 443898.53 191792.06 0 1 0

2 153441.51 101145.55 407934.54 191050.39 0 0 1

3 144372.41 118671.85 383199.62 182901.99 1 0 0

4 142107.34 91391.77 366168.42 166187.94 0 0 1

Next steps: Generate code with df  View recommended plots

df.head()

R&D AdministratiMarketing ProfitNew CaliforniFlorid

0 165349. 136897. 471784.192261. 1 0 0
1 162597.70 151377.59 443898.53 191792.06 0 1 0

2 153441.51 101145.55 407934.54 191050.39 0 0 1

3 144372.41 118671.85 383199.62 182901.99 1 0 0

4 142107.34 91391.77 366168.42 166187.94 0 0 1

Next Generated  View

y='Profit'

x=df.columns.tolist()
x.remove(y) x

['R&D Spend',
'Administration',
'Marketing Spend',
'New York',
'California', 'Florida']

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
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B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

x=df[x].values

y=df[y].values
x

[7.8389470e+04, 1.5377343e+05, 2.9973729e+05, 1.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00,

0.0000000e+00],
[7.3994560e+04, 1.2278275e+05, 3.0331926e+05, 0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00,
1.0000000e+00],
[6.7532530e+04, 1.0575103e+05, 3.0476873e+05, 0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00,
1.0000000e+00],
[7.7044010e+04, 9.9281340e+04, 1.4057481e+05, 1.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00],
[6.4664710e+04, 1.3955316e+05, 1.3796262e+05, 0.0000000e+00, 1.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00],
[7.5328870e+04, 1.4413598e+05, 1.3405007e+05, 0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00,
1.0000000e+00],
[7.2107600e+04, 1.2786455e+05, 3.5318381e+05, 1.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00],
[6.6051520e+04, 1.8264556e+05, 1.1814820e+05, 0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00,
1.0000000e+00],
[6.5605480e+04, 1.5303206e+05, 1.0713838e+05, 1.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00],
[6.1994480e+04, 1.1564128e+05, 9.1131240e+04, 0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00,
1.0000000e+00],
[6.1136380e+04, 1.5270192e+05, 8.8218230e+04, 1.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00],
[6.3408860e+04, 1.2921961e+05, 4.6085250e+04, 0.0000000e+00, 1.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00],
[5.5493950e+04, 1.0305749e+05, 2.1463481e+05, 0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00,
1.0000000e+00],
[4.6426070e+04, 1.5769392e+05, 2.1079767e+05, 0.0000000e+00,
1.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00],
[4.6014020e+04, 8.5047440e+04, 2.0551764e+05, 1.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00],
[2.8663760e+04, 1.2705621e+05, 2.0112682e+05, 0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00,
1.0000000e+00],
[4.4069950e+04, 5.1283140e+04, 1.9702942e+05, 0.0000000e+00, 1.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00],
[2.0229590e+04, 6.5947930e+04, 1.8526510e+05, 1.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00],
[3.8558510e+04, 8.2982090e+04, 1.7499930e+05, 0.0000000e+00, 1.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00],
[2.8754330e+04, 1.1854605e+05, 1.7279567e+05, 0.0000000e+00, 1.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00],
[2.7892920e+04, 8.4710770e+04, 1.6447071e+05, 0.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00, 1.0000000e+00],
[2.3640930e+04, 9.6189630e+04, 1.4800111e+05, 0.0000000e+00,
1.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00],
[1.5505730e+04, 1.2738230e+05, 3.5534170e+04, 1.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00],
[2.2177740e+04, 1.5480614e+05, 2.8334720e+04, 0.0000000e+00, 1.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00],
[1.0002300e+03, 1.2415304e+05, 1.9039300e+03, 1.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00],
[1.3154600e+03, 1.1581621e+05, 2.9711446e+05, 0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00,
1.0000000e+00],
[0.0000000e+00, 1.3542692e+05, 0.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00, 1.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00],
[5.4205000e+02, 5.1743150e+04, 0.0000000e+00, 1.0000000e+00, 0.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00],
[0.0000000e+00, 1.1698380e+05, 4.5173060e+04, 0.0000000e+00, 1.0000000e+00,
0.0000000e+00]])

array([192261.83, 191792.06, 191050.39, 182901.99, 166187.94, 156991.12, 156122.51,

155752.6 , 152211.77, 149759.96, 146121.95, 144259.4 ,
141585.52, 134307.35, 132602.65, 129917.04, 126992.93, 125370.37,
124266.9 , 122776.86, 118474.03, 111313.02, 110352.25, 108733.99,
108552.04, 107404.34, 105733.54, 105008.31, 103282.38, 101004.64, 99937.59,
97483.56, 97427.84, 96778.92, 96712.8 , 96479.51,
90708.19, 89949.14, 81229.06, 81005.76, 78239.91, 77798.83,
71498.49, 69758.98, 65200.33, 64926.08, 49490.75, 42559.73,
35673.41, 14681.4 ])

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 18
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

x_train

array([[0.4738321 , 0.4510652 , 0.31668231, 1. , 0. ,

0. ],
[0.00333369, 0.00432296, 0. , 1. , 0. ,
0. ],
[0.58215559, 0.88143739, 0.63657411, 1. , 0. ,
0. ],
[0.577276 , 0.71456332, 0.56283007, 0. , 0. ,
1. ],
[0.44347245, 0.71967718, 0.79564086, 1. , 0. ,
0. ],
[0.34129603, 0.48655174, 0.48352224, 0. , 0. ,
1. ],

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CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 19
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 20
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 21
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 22
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

PRACTICAL: 04

AIM: Implement the naïve Bayesian classifier for a sample

training data set stored as a .CSV file. Compute the accuracy of the
classifier, considering a few test data sets.
import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import
pandas as pd

df = pd.read_csv('50_Startups.csv')

df.head()

R&D AdministratiMarketing Stat Profit

0 165349. 136897. 471784.New 192261.
1 162597.70 151377.59 443898.53 California 191792.06

2 153441.51 101145.55 407934.54 Florida 191050.39

3 144372.41 118671.85 383199.62 New York 182901.99

Next Generated  View

4 14
2107.34 91391.77 366168.42 Florida 166187.94

df.tail()

R&D AdministratiMarketing Stat Profit

4 1000. 124153. 1903. New 64926.
46 1315.46 115816.21 297114.46 Florida 49490.75

47 0.00135426.92 0.00 California 42559.73

48 542.05 51743.15 0.00 New York 35673.41

49 0.00116983.80 45173.06 California 14681.40

df.isnull().sum()

R&D Spend 0
Administration 0
Marketing Spend 0
State 0 Profit 0 dtype: int64

df["State"].unique()

array(['New York', 'California', 'Florida'], dtype=object)

x1 = df.iloc[:,0].values y1 = df.iloc[:,-1].values
plt.scatter(x1,y1,color="Green",s=50) plt.xlabel("R&D")
plt.ylabel("Profit") plt.title("R&D vs Profit") plt.show()

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

#Plot Administration vs Profit x1=df.iloc[:,1].values y1=df.iloc[:,-

1].values plt.scatter(x1,y1,color="Red",s=50)
plt.xlabel("Administration") plt.ylabel("Profit")
plt.title("Administration vs Profit")
plt.show
()

#Plot Marketing spend vs Profit x1=df.iloc[:,2].values

y1=df.iloc[:,-1].values plt.scatter(x1,y1,color="Black",s=50)
plt.xlabel("Marketing Spend") plt.ylabel("Profit")
plt.title("Marketing Spend vs Profit") plt.show()

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

#Plot state vs Profit x1=df.iloc[:,3].values y1=df.iloc[:,-

1].values plt.scatter(x1,y1,color="Blue",s=50)
plt.xlabel("State") plt.ylabel("Profit") plt.title("State vs
Profit")
plt.show
()

df.State.value_counts()

State
New York 17
California 17
Florida 16
Name: count, dtype: int64

df['New York']=np.where(df['State']=='New York',1,0)

df['California']=np.where(df['State']=='California',1,0) df['Florida']=np.where(df['State']=='Florida',1,0)
df.drop(columns=['State'],axis=1,inplace=True)

df.head()

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Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 25
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

R Marketi Ne
Spen Administrati Spen Profit Yor CaliforniFlorid
0 165349.20 136897.80 471784.10 192261.83 1 0 0

1 162597.70 151377.59 443898.53 191792.06 0 1 0

2 153441.51 101145.55 407934.54 191050.39 0 0 1

3 144372.41 118671.85 383199.62 182901.99 1 0 0

4 142107.34 91391.77 366168.42 166187.94 0 0 1

Next steps: Generate code with df  View recommended plots

y='Profit'

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 26
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

PRACTICAL: 05

AIM: Assuming a set of documents that need to be classified, use

the naïve Bayesian Classifier model to perform this task.
import
seaborn
as sns
import
pandas
as pd
import
numpy as
np

df=sns.load_datase
t('iris')
df.head()
sepal_length sepal_width petal_length petal_width species

0 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa

1 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa

2 Next steps: 4.7 3.2df
Generate code with View
1.3recommended
0.2
plots setosa
3 4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa

4 5.0 3.6 1.4 0.2 setosa

df.tail()

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

sepal_length sepal_width petal_length petal_width species

145 6.7 3.0 5.2 2.3 virginica

146 6.3 2.5 5.0 1.9 virginica

147 6.5 3.0 5.2 2.0 virginica

148 6.2 3.4 5.4 2.3 virginica

149 5.9 3.0 5.1 1.8 virginica

df['species'].unique() array(['setosa',

'versicolor', 'virginica'], dtype=object)

df.isnull().sum()

sepal_l
ength
0
sepal_w
idth
0
petal_l
ength
0
petal_w
idth
0
species
0
dtype:
int64

df=df[df['species']!='setosa']

df.head()
sepal_length sepal_width petal_length petal_width species

50 7.0 3.2 4.7 1.4 versicolor

51 6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5 versicolor

52 6.9 3.1 4.9 1.5 versicolor

53 5.5 2.3 4.0 1.3 versicolor

54 6.5 2.8 4.6 1.5 versicolor

df
Next steps: Generate code with View recommended plots

df['species']=df['species'].map({'varsicolor':0,'virginica':1})

df.head()
sepal_length sepal_width petal_length petal_width species

50 7.0 3.2 4.7 1.4 NaN

51 6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5 NaN

52 6.9 3.1 4.9 1.5 NaN

53 5.5 2.3 4.0 1.3 NaN

54 6.5 2.8 4.6 1.5 NaN

df
Next steps: Generate code with View recommended plots

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

x=df.iloc[:,:-
1]
y=df.iloc[:,-
1]

sepal_length sepal_width petal_length petal_width

50 7.0 3.2 4.7 1.4

51 6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5

52 6.9 3.1 4.9 1.5

53 5.5 2.3 4.0

1.3

54 6.5 2.8 4.6 1.5 ... ... ... ... ...

145 6.7 3.0 5.2

2.3

146 6.3 2.5 5.0

1.9

147 6.5 3.0 5.2

2.0

148 6.2 3.4 5.4

2.3

149 5.9 3.0 5.1

1.8

100 rows × 4 columns

x
Next steps: Generate code with View recommended plots

50 NaN
51 NaN
52 NaN
53 NaN
54 NaN ... 145 1.0
146 1.0
147 1.0
148 1.0
149 1.0
Name: species, Length: 100, dtype: float64

from sklearn.model_selection import

train_test_split x_train, x_test,
y_train,
y_test=train_test_split( x,y,test_siz
e=0.25,random_state=42
)

from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression

classifier=LogisticRegression()

from sklearn.model_selection import GridSearchCV parameter ={'penalty':

['l1','l2','elasticnet'],'C':[1,2,3,4,5,6,10,20,30,40,50],'max_iter':
[100,200,300]}

classifier_regressor=GridSearchCV(classifier,param_grid=parameter,scoring='accura
cy',cv=5)

classifier_regressor.fit(x_train,y_train)
/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-
packages/sklearn/utils/multiclass.py:380:

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 29
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

RuntimeWarni if xp.any(data !=
data.astype(int)):
---------------------------------------------------------------
-----------ValueError Traceback
(most recent call last)
<ipython-input-28-613a9f6f8019> in
<cell line: 1>() ----> 1
classifier_regressor.fit(x_train,y_t
rain)

3 frames
/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py
in _assert_all_finite(X, allow_nan, msg_dtype, estimator_name,
input_name)
159 "#estimators-that-handle-nan-values"
160 )
--> 161 raise
ValueError(msg_err)
162
163

ValueError: Input y contains NaN

Next steps: Explain error

print(classifier_regressor.best_params_)
print(classifier_regressor.best_score_)

------------------------------------------------------------------
--------AttributeError Traceback (most
recent call last)
<ipython-input-30-e6dbc56d2a3b> in <cell line: 1>()
----> 1 print(classifier_regressor.best_params_)

AttributeError: 'GridSearchCV' object has no attribute 'best_params_'

Next steps: Explain error

y_pred=classifier_regressor.predict(x_test)

------------------------------------------------------------------
--------NotFittedError Traceback (most
recent call last)
<ipython-input-24-fbc5171df548> in <cell line: 1>()
----> 1 y_pred=classifier_regressor.predict(x_test)

1 frames

/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py in check_is_fitted(estimator,
attributes, msg, all_or_any)
1388
1389 if not fitted:
-> 1390 raise NotFittedError(msg % {"name": type(estimator).__name__})
1391
1392

NotFittedError: This GridSearchCV instance is not fitted yet. Call 'fit' with appropriate arguments
before using this estimator.

Next steps: Explain error

from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score,classification_report

Start coding or generate with AI.

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 30
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

PRACTICAL: 06

AIM: Decision tree-based ID3 algorithm.

import pandas as Pd from sklearn

import datasets from
sklearn .neighbors import
KNeighborsC1assifier from
sklearn . metrics import
confusion matrix, classification
report from sklearn .
model_selection import
train_test_split import seaborn
as sns

import
warning
s
warning
s .
filterw
arnings
( '
ignore
' )

cancer ds = datasets .
( )
cancer ds.data y = cancer ds.target
x. shape

(569, 30)

Y. shape
...t$ț (569, )

x_train, x_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(x, y, test size=e.3,

random_state=e)

knn model =
KNeighborsC1assifi
er(n_neighbors=5)
knn_model
y_train) y_pred =
knn_model.predict(
x_test) cm =
confusion_matrix(y
_test, y_pred)
cls_rpt = y_pred
classification_report(y_te )
st,
print(c
m)

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Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 31
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

print
(cls_rp
t)
..Ț?.« 59 4]
C 5 103] ]
precisi recal fl- suppor
t
on l score
9.92 e . a.93 63

94
1 e.96 e. 95 8.96 108
a.95 171
accuracy
macro avg e. 94 e.95 94 171
weighted avg e.95 e.95 a.95 171
x_train . shape

#hyper parameter tuning

from sklearn . model_selection import

GridSearchCV
knn modal =
KNeighborsC1assifier
() params = { '
n_neighbors ' : [3,
7,9, 11, 13,15, 17,
19,21] }
gscv = GridSearchCV(knn_mode1, param_grid=params,
scoring= ' accuracy' ) gscv.fit(x_train, y_train)

gscv . best_score_
. 9346518987341772

gscv . best_params

X&printMode=true
1/3
('n_neighbors• : 11}

model = gscv. best_estimator_

y_pred = model. predict (x test)

_
cm = cls_rpt =
y_pred)
print(cm)
print(cls_rpt)
59

2 10611
precisio recal fl- suppor
t

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

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Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 32
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

n l scor
e
94 e.
e 95 63
98 e.97 138
accurac
y 171
macro avg a. 97 96 e. 171
96
weighted 96 96 171
avg
from sklearn. tree import
DecisionTreeC1assifier

# decisiontree on cancer dataset

cancer ds - - datasets.
load_breast_cancer()
x=cancer data
Y=cancer_ds. target

x—test, x-train , y_train, y_test

train_test_split(x, y,
dt
dt
p
L cm cls_rpt print (cm) print (c
y_pred) Is rpt)
_
[C 59 4]
8 loe] ]

precisio recal fl- suppor

n scor t
l e
0.88 0.94 €.91
o. 93 e. 108

94
accurac €.93 171
y
macro avg a. 92 o. 93 €.93 171
weighted 0.93 0.93 €.93 171
avg
from
sklearn.tree
import
plot_tree
import
matplotlib.
pyplot as plt
plot_t
ree
(dt_mo
del )
plt.sh
ow()

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CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 33
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

8200484687

-tart or enerate with Al .

codin
X&printMode=true

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 34
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

PRACTICAL: 07

AIM: Write a program to implement the KNearest Neighbor

algorithm to classify the iris data set.

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 35
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 36
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 37
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

PRACTICAL: 08

AIM: Apply EM algorithm to cluster a set of data stored in a .CSV

file. Use the same data set for clustering using k-Means algorithm.

from sklearn
import datasets
from
sklearn.cluster
import
KMeans
from matplotlib import pyplot as
plt

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CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
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 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

cluster_3_model = KMeans (n_clusters = 3) cluster_lables = cluster_3_model.fit_predict(x[:,[0,1]])

plt.scatter(x[:,0],x[:,1],c=cluster_lables) centroids = cluster_3_model.cluster_centers_
plt.scatter(centroids[:,0],centroids[:,1],c='red') plt.show()

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 39
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 40
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

k_values = [2,3,4,5] wcss_values = []

for k_value in k_values:
model = KMeans
(n_clusters = k_value)
model.fit(x_data[0])
wcss_value =
model.inertia_
wcss_values.append(mode
l.inertia_)

plt.plot(k_values,wcss_val
ues) plt.show()

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 41
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 42
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

PRACTICAL: 09

AIM: Write a program to construct a Bayesian network

considering medical data. Use this model to demonstrate the
diagnosis of heart patients using standard Heart Disease Data Set.

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 43
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 44
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 45
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 46
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 47
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 48
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 49
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 50
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 51
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 52
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 53
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 54
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

PRACTICAL: 10

AIM: Compare the various supervised learning algorithms by using

the appropriate dataset.

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 55
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 56
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 57
 Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Machine Learning Laboratory (203105403)
B. Tech CSE 4th Year 7th Semester

Enrollment No.: 210303105168

CHAUDHARY UMANGKUMAR BALUBHAI
Div: 25(CSE) P a g e | 58