Parts of Speech
Nouns, Pronouns, & Adjectives
English 9
Nouns
• A word or word group used to name a _____________________
______________________________.
• Person: king
• Place: England
• Thing: throne
• Idea: divine right
Different Kinds of Nouns
• Common noun
• Proper noun
• Concrete noun
• Abstract noun
• Compound noun
• Collective noun
Common Noun
• Names any person, place, thing, or idea… generally not
capitalized!
• Ex: The dog is digging a hole.
• Ex: The boy is running.
Proper Nouns
• Names a _____________ person, place, thing or idea and is
always ______________.
• Common noun: team à Proper noun: New York Rangers
• Common noun: country à Proper noun: Mexico
• Common noun: president àProper noun: Abraham Lincoln
Concrete vs. Abstract Nouns
• A _______________ noun is a person, place, or thing that can
be perceived by one or more of the senses (sight, hearing, taste,
touch, smell)
• Ex: cloud, poison ivy, thunder, cotton, cookie
• An _______________noun names an idea, a feeling, a quality, or
characteristic
• Ex: freedom, well-being, beauty, kindness, Catholicism
Let’s Practice – Concrete or Abstract?
• Christmas • Bitterness
• Turkey • Chair
• Happiness • Friendship
• Music • Ice Cream
• Water
• Sunrise
Compound Nouns
• A __________________ consists of two or more words used
together as a single noun.
• Note: The parts of a compound noun may be written as ____________
_______________________________________________________.
• One word: firefighter, Iceland, newspaper
• Separate word: prime minister, fire drill
• Hyphenated word: sister-in-law, sit-up
Collective Noun
• A ___________________ is a word that names a group.
• People: audience, chorus, committee
• Animals: brood, flock, herd
• Things: assortment, batch, bundle, cluster
Pronouns
• A _______________ is a word that is used in place of one or
more nouns or pronouns
• Ex: Billy bought a jacket and tie. He will wear them tomorrow.
• The word that a pronoun stands for or refers to is called _____
____________________.
• Ex (continued from above): He refers to Billy; them refers to jacket and tie.
• Billy, jacket, and tie à antecedents
Different Kinds of Pronouns
• Personal pronouns
• Reflexive pronouns
• Intensive pronouns
• Demonstrative pronouns
• Interrogative pronouns
• Relative pronouns
• Indefinite pronouns
Personal Pronouns
• A ___________________ refers to the one speaking (first person), the one
spoken to (second person), or the one spoken about (third person)
Person Pronoun
First person I, me, my, mine, we, us, our, ours
Second person You, your, yours
Third person He, him, his, she, her, hers, it,
its, they, them, their, theirs
Reflexive vs. Intensive Pronouns
• A ____________________ refers • An ____________________
to the subject of a sentence and emphasizes its antecedent and has
functions as a complement or as an no grammatical function.
object of a preposition
Person Pronoun
First person Myself, ourselves
Second person Yourself, yourselves
Third person Himself, herself, itself, themselves
Reflexive vs. Intensive Pronouns
• Reflexive and Intensive - **the pronouns that end in either self or selves**
• 1st person: myself, ourselves
• 2nd person: yourself, yourselves
• 3rd person: himself, herself, itself, themselves
• HINT: ________________________________________________
Reflexive vs. Intensive Pronouns
• Elena treated herself to a snack. = Reflexive
• Albert himself organized the event. = Intensive
• Reflexive = needed/ Intensive = “extra”
Demonstrative Pronouns
• A _____________________ is used to point out a specific
person, place, thing, or idea
• This is my mom’s favorite restaurant.
• That is her old school.
• These are my shoes.
• Those sunglasses are vintage.
Interrogative Pronouns
• An _______________________ are meant to interrogate! They introduce a
question.
• Who sings that song?
• Whom should I speak to about joining Chess Club?
• Which one looks better?
• What time is it?
• Whose pen is this?
Relative Pronoun
• A __________________________ introduces a subordinate clause.
• That – The ship that you saw is sailing to Greece.
• Which – The song which is playing was written five years ago.
• Who – Louisa May Alcott, who wrote Little Women, lived in Massachusetts.
• Whose – Jimmy is friends with that girl whose name I can’t remember.
• Whom – He saw the faces of those whom he loved sitting around the table.
Indefinite Pronouns
• An indefinite pronoun refers to ________________________________
__________________________________________________________.
• “One,” “Body,” “Thing” pronouns
• Someone, Anyone, One, No one, Everyone
• Somebody, Anybody, Nobody, Everybody
• Something, Anything, Nothing, Everything
• Either, neither, each, few, all, any, both, several, none, many, more, most, such, other
Adjectives
• An adjective is a word that is used to modify a noun or pronoun
• To modify a word means to ______________________________________________
________________________________________
• Adjectives modify nouns or pronouns by telling us:
• What kind? à chocolate ice cream, lowest price
• Which one? à next day, those girls, last chance
• How many? à five fingers, one river
Demonstrative Adjectives
• _______________________ and ___________ can be used both as
adjectives and as pronouns.
• When they modify nouns or pronouns, they are demonstrative adjectives.
• When they take the place of nouns or pronouns, they are demonstrative pronouns.
Demonstrative Adjective vs.
Demonstrative Pronoun
• Demonstrative Pronoun: • Demonstrative Adjective:
• I like that. • I like that shirt.
• Either will do. • Either car will do.
• Which is yours? • Which one is yours?
Noun or Adjective?
• If the word stands alone à _____________
• If the word is describing à _____________
• Examples:
• Copper = Noun; Copper coin = Adjective
• Cheese = Noun; Cheese sandwich = Adjective
Noun or Adjective?
• Remember: An adjective usually comes before the noun or pronoun it
modifies…
• I lost my purple sweatshirt at school.
• The biggest classroom is located on the second floor.
• But this is not always the case…
• My dog is old and stinky.
• I feel sick.
