WEEK 4.

1
The history of human civilization is very well tied with the
history of printed text. Early human civilizations attest to
the importance of writing and printing.

Two of the most important information revolutions in the

history of communication and media are writing and
printing of text. Because of the invention of the phonetic
alphabet and the printing system, the human civilization
is able to store and pass on knowledge. This is why in the
early years of your life, you are taught how to write and
how to share your thoughts in written form.
In academic terms, a text is anything that conveys a
set of meanings to the person who examines it. You
might have thought that texts were limited to written
materials, such as books, magazines, newspapers,
and ‘zines (an informal term for magazine that refers
especially to fanzines and webzines). Those items are
indeed texts—but so are movies, paintings, television
shows, songs, political cartoons, online materials,
advertisements, maps, works of art, and even rooms
full of people.
According to Rose (2015), a text is any
“human-readable sequence of characters or
even glyphs which are associated with ancient
writing culture. Text, when used in information
technology, is distinct from “noncharacter
encoded data, such as graphics images in the
form of bitmaps and program code.”
The Textual medium offers an easier and
more flexible use in terms of content
production, which is why it is ideal for
learning. Text is one of the elements of
multimedia products that can then be
combined with several other elements to
present information and create an
impression or impact (Parekh,2006).
Plaintext Formatted Hypertext
text
Plaintext
Consisting of fixed
sized characters
having essentially
the same type of
appearance.
Formatted text
appearance can be
changed using font
parameters
Hypertext
serve to link different
electronic documents
and enable users to
jump from one to the
other in a nonlinear
way.
• Before we delve into the world of font types and font styles, it can be
helpful to understand a few things about the anatomy of type. All fonts
sit on an invisible plane called a baseline—think of it as the blue lines on
your loose leaf paper—and have an invisible center line called a mean
line.

• The cap height is the top plane of a capital letter, like the straight line on
the top of a capital T. The cross bar is the line in the center that crosses a
capital H or A. Some letters, like a lowercase h or b have what’s called
an ascender, a line that crosses above the mean line. Others have
descenders, which—you guessed it!—drop below the baseline. Classic
descenders are the little loop on a lowercase g or the lower half of a y.
All letterforms have these basic parts, but their thickness (known as “weight”),
shape and height all influence what “family” or type of font they fall into.
 Formatted Text
Formatted text is text that is displayed in a special, specified style. In computer
applications, formatting data may be associated with text data to create formatted
text. Text formatting data may be:
• qualitative (e.g., font family, color), or
• quantitative (e.g., font size, or spacing).
• It may also indicate a style of emphasis (e.g., boldface, or italics), or a style of
notation (e.g., strikethrough, or superscript).

The purpose of formatted text is to enhance the presentation of information.

 Copying Formatted
Text
When you copy formatted text to your clipboard, formatting information may or
may not be copied with the text data.

For example, if you select text in one application that is boldface, you can copy it
to your clipboard by pressing Ctrl+C. The formatting data is also copied to the
clipboard, saying "this text is bold." When you paste it (Ctrl+V) into a program that
also supports formatted text, that formatting data is included, and the pasted text
should appear bold.
 Unformatted Text
Unformatted text is any text that is not associated with
any formatting information. It is plain text, containing
only printable characters, white space, and line
breaks.
 Hypertext
The principle of a hypertext makes use of linking a text to another text “in such a
way that the user can navigate non-sequentially form one document to the other
for cross-references.”

The World Wide Web (WWW) combines computer networking (the Internet) and
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) into an easy to use system by which
people can access information around the world from a desktop computer.
Hypertext is the medium used to transmit the information in a non-linear fashion
via computer by clicking on a "link" using a mouse.
 What to
look for
Creating text files and using a word processor is one of the most common
tasks on a computer. Below are the most common file extensions used
with text files and documents.
• .doc and .docx - Microsoft Word file
• .odt - OpenOffice Writer document file
• .pdf - PDF file (Portable Document Format)
• .rtf - Rich Text Format
• .tex - A LaTeX document file
• .txt - Plain text file
• .wpd - WordPerfect document
 Example of
Text Application
Software
Word processing
software

It is focused on line-
by-line creation of text
documents.
Desktop publishing

It is a software that
allows complex pages
of text and graphics to
be laid out for
publications such as
newspapers,
magazines, brochures
and books.
Standard features of Word Processing
All word processing applications allow you to: enter and edit text, save,
print, cut/copy/paste, check your spelling.

Cut and copy work in a similar way. Highlighting a piece of text, right-
clicking and selecting copy/cut will store the text in memory. The
difference is that copy leaves the highlighted text behind whereas cut
removes it. To insert the copied/cut text into a different area of the
document, a different document, or an entirely different application
altogether, right-click and select paste. The use of cut, copy, and paste
is not necessarily limited to text.
FIVE (5) TYPES OF
FONTS
1.Serif fonts
Serif fonts are the most
classic, original fonts. They are
named for the little feet at the
top and bottom of the
letterforms. Serif fonts are
ubiquitous in our day to day
life in nearly every book we
read or document we open.
2. Slab Serif
fonts
Slab serifs are the fonts with
the most impressive, large
serifs. They are the louder
cousins of the classic, quiet
serifs, that rose to prominence
in the billboards, posters, and
pamphlets of the 19th century,
designed to yell their message
from a good distance.
3. Sans Serif
fonts
Sans serifs are fonts that lack
the little serifed feet. Sans
serifs are still considered the
most economical, efficient,
clean and modern choice. They
are also readable at a large
range of sizes and their less-
detailed shapes have lent
themselves incredibly well to
digital screens.
 4. Script fonts
Script fonts are those that mimic
cursive handwriting. They are
separated into two categories,
reminiscent of a party invitation:
formal and casual. Formal scripts,
as the name implies, are the very
fanciest scripts. They evoke the
incredible handwriting of masters of
the 17th and 18th century. They will
never go out of style for wedding
invitations, romance book covers,
and any design that wants to feel
more historical.
5.Handwritten fonts
Different from formal or casual
scripts, handwritten fonts were
difficult to find even ten years
ago. Handwritten fonts often lack
the structure and definition of the
letterforms in a traditional script,
instead mimicking the loop and
flow of natural handwriting. They
might also be technically sans
serif and resemble your dad’s all-
capital letters in a birthday card.
Design Principles and
Elements of Text
1. Emphasis
Use different size,
weight, color,
contrast and
orientation to
present texts with
greater value.
2. Appropriateness
Using the right font,
content and tone of
presentation based
on the target
audience or event.
 3. Space
Use space to
create focus and
strategically make
other texts stand-
out.
4. Alignment
Use text alignment to set
symmetry, formality or free
style.
 5. Consistency
Use at least 2 or 3
colors, font styles and
design styles for the
whole composition or
content.
Do you have any
questions?
Activity: Birthday Bash
Invitation Design
Direction:
Decide on a theme for your birthday
party. Plan the layout of the
invitation, consider where you want
to place the text and any additional
design elements. Think about font
size, color, and style in relation to
your chosen theme. Use digital
design tools.
Rubric: